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9. Simultaneous Determination of Eugenol and Its Five Derivatives in Aquatic Products by Ultra-high Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Combined with Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe Extraction

Author

LIN Chen, WU Min, WANG Kai, ZENG Sanmei, WU Jiawen, ZHONG Liping, LING Songjiang

Subjects
quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, eugenol derivatives, aquatic products, internal standard method, Food processing and manufacture, TP368-456
Abstract

An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of eugenol and its five derivatives including isoeugenol, methyl eugenol, methyl isoeugenol, acetyl eugenol and acetylisoeugenol in aquatic products. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile, and then the extracted supernatant was cleaned up with 50 mg of primary secondary amine (PSA) and 100 mg of C18 and 150 mg of MgSO4. Separation of the targets was performed on a Kinetex C18 (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 2.6 μm) chromatographic column by gradient elution using a mobile phase of water and methanol. The six eugenol derivatives were detected using an electrospray ionization (ESI) source with fast switching between the positive and negative ionization modes in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, and quantified by the internal standard method using eugenol-D3 as the internal standard (IS). The calibration curves showed a good linearity in the range of 2–100 ng/mL for eugenol and isoeugenol, and 1–100 ng/mL for four other eugenol derivatives with correlation coefficient (r) ≥ 0.999. The average recoveries of spiked samples were between 67.0% and 106.4% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 1.2%–15.7%. The limits of detection (LOD, RSN = 3) and quantitation (LOQ) were 0.5–1.5 and 2.0–5.0 μg/kg, respectively. The method is an accurate, rapid and reliable assay for the detection of eugenol and its derivatives in aquatic products.

Published
2023
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14. Drastic influence of substituent position on orientation of 2D layers enables efficient and stable 3D/2D perovskite solar cells

Author

Gunes, Ummugulsum, Yaylali, Figen Varlioglu, Gozukara Karabag, Zeynep, Gao, Xiao-Xin, Syzgantseva, Olga A., Karabag, Aliekber, Yildirim, Gulsevim Bensu, Tsoi, Konstantin, Shibayama, Naoyuki, Kanda, Hiroyuki, Rafieh, Alwani Imanah, Zhong, Liping, Züttel, Andreas, Dyson, Paul Joseph, Yerci, Selcuk, Nazeeruddin, Mohammad Khaja, and Gunbas, Gorkem

Published
2023
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17. Application of regional citrate anticoagulation in patients at high risk of bleeding during intermittent hemodialysis: a prospective multicenter randomized controlled trial

Author

Tang, Xiaoyan, Chen, Dezheng, Zhang, Ling, Fu, Ping, Chen, Yanxia, Xiao, Zhou, Xiao, Xiangcheng, Peng, Weisheng, Cheng, Li, Zhang, Yanmin, Li, Hongbo, Li, Kehui, Gou, Bizhen, Wu, Xin, Yu, Qian, Jian, Lijun, Zhu, Zaizhi, Wen, Yu, Liu, Cheng, Xue, Hen, Zhang, Hongyu, He, Xin, Yan, Bin, Zhong, Liping, Huang, Bin, and Mao, Mingying

Published
2022
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30. Iurnal Variability of Airway Hyperresponsiveness in Asthma Patients

Author

YU Xinxin, ZHENG Jinping, GAO Yi, XIE Yanqing, AN Jiaying, LIU Wenting, ZHONG Liping, WU Zhongping, ZHU Zheng

Subjects
asthma, respiratory function tests, lung function, airway hyperresponsiveness, bronchial provocation test, Medicine
Abstract

BackgroundThere are daytime variability in pulmonary function indexes such as peak expiratory flow (PEF) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) in asthma patients. Studies evaluating the effects of drug therapy on lung function and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in asthma patients all required patients to perform spirometry and bronchial challenge test in the same time point of the days. However, whether there is a daily diurnal AHR variability is still not clear.ObjectiveTo explore the characteristics and diurnal variability of AHR in asthma patients.MethodsThe data of 202 patients with asthma who consulted in respiratory department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January 2018 to September 2020 were included for statistical analysis. All patients completed the methacholine bronchial provocation tests, they were divided into the morning detection group (morning group) with 81 cases and the afternoon detection group (afternoon group) with 121 cases; according to the disease course, 98 cases were divided into the initial diagnosis group if the disease course was ≤6 months, and 104 cases were divided into the follow-up group if the disease course was >6 months. The initial diagnosis group and the follow-up group were divided into the initial diagnosis morning group, the initial diagnosis afternoon group, the follow-up morning group, and the follow-up afternoon group according to the detection time; according to the AHR, the patients were divided into very mild, mild, moderate and severe groups. The characteristics of AHR and the main pulmonary function indexes including FVC%pred, FEV1%pred, PEF%pred, MMEF%pred, MEF50%pred, MEF25%pred, PD20-FEV1, PD20-PEF, PD20-MMEF, PD20-MEF25%, PD20-MEF50% of these groups were analyzed and compared.ResultsThere were no significant differences of the math pulmonary function indexes and PD20 between morning and afternoon groups (P0.05) . In follow-up group, MMEF%pred and MEF50%pred were higher in afternoon than in morning (P0.05) .ConclusionThe longer the duration of asthma, more serious impairment of lung function found in asthma, while the AHR had no significant difference between morning and afternoon.

Published
2022
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34. Geothermal resource potential assessment of Erdaobaihe, Changbaishan volcanic field: Constraints from geophysics

Author

Xu Zhi-He, Sun Zhen-Jun, Xin Wei, and Zhong Liping

Subjects
geothermal resource, changbaishan volcanic field, controlled source acoustic magnetotelluric, radon gas, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

Geothermal resources occurring in the Changbaishan volcanic field are directly or indirectly controlled by volcanic activity and exhibit a close correlation with deep-seated faults. Energy and thermal transfer are generally controlled by groundwater circulation and hot gas emission. This article considers the detectability of hot water and gas by geophysical methods. The controlled source acoustic magnetotelluric (CSAMT) and radon (222Rn) gas methods give straightforward information on electrical resistivity and natural radon emissions, respectively, to assess the geothermal condition. The CSAMT method detected five-banded low-apparent resistivity bodies (decreasing from 3,000 to 300 Ωm), indicating that there exists a high degree of water-bearing capacities in the subsurface. The radon (222Rn) gas concentrations were monitored in two rapid growth zones: one zone showing values ranging from 3,000 to 23,000 Bq/m3, and the other with values from 4,000 to 24,000 Bq/m3. These changes demonstrate that the heat energies available in these areas were very high and that there is potential for geothermal resources in those zones. Combining with previously published data from geothermometry and geothermal drilling, we argue that there is great potential in Erdaobaihe for geothermal exploitation and that the geothermal resource type should be classified into uplift mountain geothermal system no magma type.

Published
2021
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