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Background Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a rare autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder. Diagnosing MFS can be challenging as the disease's severity and clinical manifestations differ between pathogenic variants, and because a lack of published information currently exists on phenotype-genotype correlations. This report aims to underline the clinical manifestations associated with fibrillin-1 (FBN1) gene mutations by assessing MFS in 6 families from China. Methods We diagnosed 6 patients and their relatives with MFS by combining a clinical examination (based on the 2010 revised Ghent nosology criteria) with a targeted next-generation sequencing analysis. The functional analysis of the causal mutations and clinical details of the affected patients were then assessed. Results We identified 6 pathogenic mutations in FBN1, including 1 novel frameshift, 1 nonsense, and 4 missense mutations. Most uniquely, mitral valve prolapses (MVP) and ectopia lentis (EL) were found in the cysteine-related mutations. Typically, facial symptoms of MFS are observed in frameshift or nonsense mutants, not in cysteine-related ones. Furthermore, the patients with premature terminal codons had a more serious skin condition than patients with missense mutations, partly indicating the important effect FBN1 has on skin. Conclusions This study expands the mutation spectrum of MFS and highlights possible genotype-phenotype correlations, thereby improving the early diagnosis and symptomatic treatment of the disease.

The research on the ceramic/metal composites with interpenetrating continuous lamellar structure has attracted much interest in structural materials field. In this work, we proposed an innovative approach to fabricate co-continuous ZrB2–SiC/Zn–5Al composites by combining freeze casting with ultrasonic-assisted spontaneous infiltration. The ZrB2–SiC porous ceramic with orderly lamellar channels (30 vol%) was fabricated by freeze casting using ammonium polyacrylate as the dispersant. The effects of ultrasonication duration on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated in detail. Results indicated that the ultrasonication improved the wettability and facilitated the spontaneous infiltration. The composites obtained the excellent comprehensive properties when the duration was 300 s, which can be attributed to not only the sufficient infiltration of lamellar channels but also the longer infiltration distance inside the ceramic walls induced by the ultrasonic capillary and cavitation.

Background. Thoracic aortic aneurysm or dissection (TAAD) is a group of life-threatening diseases. Genetic etiology lead to some special characteristics on age of onset, clinical phenotype, and timing of intervention. Herein, we initiated a prospective trial to determine the prevalence of pathogenic variants in TAAD patients and to elucidate the traits related to harboring pathogenic variants. One hundred and one unrelated TAAD patients were sequenced and analyzed for 23 TAAD associated genes using a targeted PCR and next generation sequencing-based panel. Results. A total of 47 variants were identified in 52 TAAD patients (51.5%) including 6 pathogenic, 1 likely pathogenic and 40 variants of uncertain significance. The pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants in 4 disease-causing genes were carried by 1 familial and 6 sporadic cases (6.9%). Besides one familial TAAD, the FBN1 gene also harbored more than half of the P/LP variants in sporadic ones. The individuals with the age of onset less than 50 years and normotension massively increased the genetic risk. Conclusions. The TAAD cases with younger age at diagnosis and normotension were more likely to carry a P/LP variant, thus routine genetic testing will be beneficial to better prognosis through a genetically personalized care prior to acute rupture or dissection.

In this paper, 45# steel supports prepared by liquid forging showed excellent performances and the effects of processing techniques on the development of microstructures and mechanical properties of these steel supports were researched. The liquid forging process was simulated and technological parameters were optimized via a ProCAST simulation software. The solidification time, temperature distribution, first principal stress distribution of the 45# steel supports varied with time, temperatures, and position. Two principal parameters, pouring temperature and dwell time, were assessed for their effects on microstructures, mechanical properties, and wear resistance properties of 45# steel supports. Results showed that the optimal pouring temperature of the molten metal and the pressure-holding time were between 1540 °C and 1560 °C and between 35 s and 40 s, respectively. The microstructure, mechanical properties, and fracture behavior of different positions in the support were also discussed, and the central position performed better than the edge because of plastic deformation. Finally, the dynamic solidification process was also investigated and the liquid forging process of 45# steel supports was complex and contained some special metal liquid convection and several plastic deformation stages.

Herein, warm drawing technology assisted by an electric current heating system is proposed to minimize the formation of wrinkles and cracks on the surface of Q390A high-strength steel V-shaped stiffeners during cold forming. V-shaped stiffeners with excellent properties were obtained by elevating the forming temperature and improving the material plasticity. The influence of temperature and tensile rate on the mechanical properties of the Q390A high-strength steel at 400-800°C was investigated. The effects of blankholder force and friction coefficient on the formed parts were simulated and analyzed by the finite element simulation software DYNAFORM. The law of heating and cooling for the formed parts during the forming process was studied through the electric current heating experiments. The forming temperature was controlled from 530 to 720 °C as the current density was maintained in the range from 7.3 to 8.5 A/mm2. Surface oxidation, cracks, sheet warping degree, sectional thickness distribution, mechanical properties, and microstructure of the V-shaped stiffeners formed at 400 to 700 °C were analyzed. The results show that the V-shaped stiffeners formed at 600 °C possess excellent overall properties.

In order to meet the high mobility and lightweight requirements of tracked special vehicles, a novel dual-grouser track shoe component was designed and formed by forging. The thickness of thinnest connection area between two grousers was only 3mm. The low-alloy wear-resisting steel 42CrMo was chosen as the raw material, which enables to solve the drawbacks of non-ferrous metal under the low-intensity-impacting condition. The stress-strain fields of the part during forming were simulated and analyzed using the Finite Element (FE) simulation software, Deform-3D. In addition, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the formed parts demonstrated that the forging process could exhibit a good forming effect with precise dimension and stable quality accomplished. The yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and fracture elongation of the connection area between two grousers were 788MPa, 467MPa and 19.5%. Furthermore, the wear rate and coefficient of friction of this area were 0.015mg/(km·N) and 0.37. Such kind of novel 42CrMo dual-grouser track shoe component is able to offer a lower production costs and longer service duration.

Background Limited data exist on VTE risk and prophylaxis in Chinese inpatients. The Identification of Chinese Hospitalized Patients' Risk Profile for Venous Thromboembolism-2 (DissolVE-2), a nationwide, multicenter, cross-sectional study, was therefore designed to investigate prevalence of VTE risks and evaluate VTE prophylaxis implementation compliant with the latest prophylaxis guidelines (American College of Chest Physicians [CHEST], 9th edition). Methods Adults admitted (≥ 72 h) to 60 urban, tertiary Chinese hospitals due to acute medical conditions or surgery from March to September 2016 were assessed for VTE risk. Risk assessments were made by using the Padua Prediction Scoring or Caprini Risk Assessment model, risk factors, and prophylaxis based on the CHEST guidelines, 9th edition. Results A total of 13,609 patients (6,986 surgical and 6,623 medical) were analyzed. VTE risk in surgical inpatients was categorized as low (13.9%; 95% CI, 13.1-14.7), moderate (32.7%; 95% CI, 31.6-33.8), and high (53.4%; 95% CI, 52.2-54.6); risk in medical patients was categorized as low (63.4%; 95% CI, 62.2-64.6) and high (36.6%; 95% CI, 35.4-37.8). Major risk factors in surgical and medical patients were major open surgery (52.6%) and acute infection (42.2%), respectively. Overall rate of any prophylaxis and appropriate prophylactic method was 14.3% (19.0% vs 9.3%) and 10.3% (11.8% vs 6.0%) in surgical and medical patients. Conclusions A large proportion of hospitalized patients reported VTE risk and low rate of CHEST-recommended prophylaxis. The data highlight the insufficient management of VTE risk and show the great potential for improving physicians' awareness and current practices across China. Trial Registry Chinese Clinical Trial Registry; No.: ChiCTR-OOC-16010187; URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=17077.

A ZK61-Y magnesium (Mg) alloy wheel hub was prepared via liquid forging&mdash, isothermal forging process. The effects of Y-element contents on the microstructure and mechanical properties of liquid forging blanks were investigated. The formation order of the second phase was I-phase (Mg3Zn6Y) &rarr, W-phase (Mg3Zn3Y2) &rarr, Z-phase (Mg12ZnY) with the increase of the Y-element content. Meanwhile, the I-phase and Z-phase formed in the liquid forging process were beneficial to the grain refinement. The numerical simulation of the isothermal forging process was carried out to analyze the effects of forming temperature on the temperature and stress field in the forming parts using the software Deform-3D. Isothermal forging experiments and post heat treatments were conducted. The influence of isothermal forging temperature, heat treatment temperature and preservation time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the forming parts were also studied. The dynamic recrystallization (DRX), second-phase hardening, and work hardening account for the improvement of properties after the isothermal forging process. The forming part forged at 380 &deg, C displayed the outstanding properties. The elongation, yield strength, and ultimate tensile strength were 18.5%, 150 MPa and 315 MPa, respectively. The samples displayed an increased elongation and decreased strength after heat treatments. The 520 &deg, C&mdash, 1 h sample possessed the best mechanical properties, the elongation was 25.5%, the yield stress was 125 MPa and the ultimate tensile strength was 282 MPa. This can be ascribed to the recrystallization and the elimination of working hardening. Meanwhile, the second phase transformation (I-phase &rarr, W-phase &rarr, Mg2Y + MgZn2), dissolution, and decomposition can be observed, as well.

Thermal runaway and its propagation are bottlenecks for the safe operation of lithium-ion battery systems. This study investigates the influence of characteristic thermophysical parameters during battery thermal runaway, such as the self-heating temperature (T1), triggering temperature (T2), mass loss, and critical heat transfer power (Pc), on the failure propagation behavior in a battery system. A parametric study is conducted based on a failure propagation model. This model not only captures the behavior of thermal failure, but also accounts for the changes in the thermophysical parameters before and after thermal runaway. The results of the modeling analysis demonstrate that increasing T1 and T2 can both delay the thermal runaway propagation. The delay achieved by increasing T2 is greater than that observed by increasing T1. The peak heat transfer power Pc plays a critical role in delaying the thermal runaway propagation. When the peak heat transfer power level is greater than Pc, thermal runaway propagation mainly results from heat transfer, whereas when the peak heat transfer power level is less than Pc, thermal runaway propagation mainly arises from self-heating. This study reveals the dynamic mechanism of thermal runaway propagation within a battery module, thus providing guidance for the safety design of battery systems.

Gas generators are the functional materials producing gas by combustion. In situations such as pneumatics, fire extinguishing bomb, air bag, deep-water salvage, the gas generators can be ignited to provide power and energy through rapid release of gas. However, the research about gas generators with low water vapor is blank in world. The most widely used gas generators (such as nitroguanidine gas generators) produce a lot of water vapor through combustion, whose liquefaction will cause the reduction of gas pressure. This work selected 4,5-diazolyl-1,2,3-triazole (BTTZ) as gas-generating material. Two kinds of gas generator formulations based on BTTZ with common oxometallate (KNO3) and metal oxide (CuO) were designed. The properties of these gas generator formulations were studied by calculation and experiments. The gas production, gas production rate, water vapor content, compatibility and mechanical sensitivity were measured. The gas specific volume of the formulation 1 was 4.08 m3 kg−1. The clean harmless gas content reaches 93.55%. The water vapor content of the product was 6.08% (volume percentage), which is much lower than the nitroguanidine gas generators (53.47%). Therefore, formulation 1 is a low-water vapor environmental-friendly gas generator as a cleaner production material with practical value.

In this work, 7075 Al alloy, a high-strength wrought aluminum alloy with high hot tearing sensibility, was used in the squeeze casting of an asymmetric part. The solidification defects, microstructures and mechanical properties of the part solidified under different forming pressures were studied. Furthermore, the uniformities of the microstructures, mechanical properties and the solidification mechanisms were investigated. Results show that increasing the forming pressure is helpful to improve the liquid/solid feeding for counteracting the particularly serious shrinkage during the wide mushy zone of 7075 Al alloy. Therefore, the solidification defect can be avoided. Moreover, increasing the forming pressure is helpful to not only obtaining fine equiaxed grains, but also diminishing the intergranular segregation of alloying elements. With the increasement of forming pressures, the strengths of the part increased, along with the decreases in the ductile due to the work hardening resulted from the serious solid feeding. The microstructures and mechanical properties are impacted by the solidification rate of the melt at different regions. When the forming pressure was 150 MPa, fine microstructures and excellent mechanical properties were obtained. The uniformity of the microstructures and mechanical properties are dominated by the solidification location sequence of the melt. Further on, it is determined by the thermal gradient of the melt at different locations. For 7xxx series alloys, more solid feeding is needed for counteracting the serious shrinkage at the first solidified regions, causing a work hardening and associated strengths increasements. A near uniform part thickness and direct feeding loads are appreciated to improve the uniformities. In this work, the optimal tensile properties tested in the part were tested to be as follows: the yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS), and elongation (EL) are 345.5 MPa, 483.2 MPa, and 7.6%, respectively. The UTS uniformity is tested to be 86.4%.

This work sets focus on producing hydrophobic silica and fire-extinguishing-composition solution into dry water extinguishant powder by high-speed shearing. The solid-to-liquid ratio, different stirring periods and rotational speed were taken into account to analyze their influence on the covering effect. The dry water extinguishants containing ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) and phosphoric acid are respectively produced added with gel. The jet apparatus is improved for the experiment. According to the results, the phosphoric acid gel dry water extinguishant works best to put out Type-A fire. The ADP dry water extinguishant excels in putting out Type-B fire, equivalent to superfine ABC dry powder extinguishant in terms of effectiveness but with a low cost. For this reason, dry water extinguishant has a broad prospect of application.

The normal pyrotechnically generated aerosol extinguishing agent is effective in extinguishing Class B fire, but have difficulty extinguishing the Class A wood-crib fire. To solve this problem, an experiment has been made in this paper to study the extinction effectiveness of a new type of pyrotechnically generated aerosol extinguishing agent in wood crib fire. Differing from the old ones, the new type of pyrotechnically generated aerosol extinguishing agent generates via combustion of aerosol forming agents containing a kind of phosphorus-containing compound named P90x, which is flammable and has been widely used as fire retardants in materials. P90x was added, for the first time, as a reducer into aerosol forming agents to improve the capabilities against the Class A wood-crib fire. Five aerosol forming agents with the different mass ratio of P90x and potassium nitrate were tested for fire extinguishing efficiency. The fire extinguishing efficiency increased as the amount of P90x increases. And the best fire extinguishing efficiency in this experiment was 20 g/m 3 for wood-crib fire. This new type of aerosol extinguishing agents can adhere to the surface of burning wood and react with it to extinguish fire efficiently. Therefore, the Class A fire (wood cribs) can be extinguished by pyrotechnically generated aerosol extinguishing agents for the first time from all over the world.

A human torso finite element model with high bio-fidelity was developed to study the behind armor blunt trauma (BABT) of pistol cartridge on human torso with bulletproof composite structure (BCS) and the effect of buffer layer (expandable polyethylene, EPE) on BABT. The bulletproof structure was made of multilayered composite of aluminum alloy (AlSi10Mg) and thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU), and the ANSYS/LS-DYNA software was used to simulate the blunt ballistic impact process of pistol cartridge on human torso. Results indicated that the BCS could resist the shooting speed of 515 m/s without being broken. During the process of pistol cartridge shooting the BCS, the energy of pistol cartridge was transmitted to the human organs through the BCS, thereby causing human injury. Moreover, the mechanical response parameters of various organs were determined by the distance between the human organs and the impact point. The sternal fracture and liver rupture were not produced based on the threshold stress of sternum and liver injury, no matter whether the buffer layer was added or not. According to the Axelsson injury model, a slight to moderate injury was created when there was no buffer layer, but the injury level was trace to slight caused by the buffer layer with thickness of 1.0 mm, and the buffer layer with thickness of 2.5 mm and 5.0 mm caused subtle BABT. It was concluded that the buffer layer could effectively reduce the BABT, and the reduction was related to the thickness of the buffer layer. This study reveals the mechanism of the BABT, which can provide a theoretical basis for the design of the bulletproof structure and the evaluation of structural bulletproof performance and protection performance.

At present, the inflatable expansion of a flexible compartment of a spacecraft mainly depends on the compressed gas cylinder. However, there are some problems in the technology of compressed gas cylinders, such as large volume, heavy mass and non-environmental protection. In view of the above problems, a new space inflatable deployment system is innovatively proposed in this work. The system mainly includes a gas generating agent formulation with safety, stability, low combustion temperature, slow gas production, environment-friendly and clean, and a gas generator with simple structure, light weight, small volume and a flexible compartment. The gas released from the system is charged into the flexible compartment of the spacecraft smoothly. Then, the spacecraft flexible compartment is used to carry out experiment and the resulting gas was subjected to test. The results show that the main gas produced by the system is clean and nontoxic nitrogen. In addition, the whole expansion process is stable, slow and smooth. It can be seen that the space inflatable deployment system will have a good application in the field of spacecraft.

The Nalinggou–Daying uranium metallogenic belt is situated at the northern Ordos Basin, China. Petrographical, mineralogical and geochemical techniques were used to study the ore-bearing sandstones and host rocks in the Nalinggou–Daying uranium metallogenic belt. The present study shows that uranium minerals, i.e., coffinite, pitchblende, and brannerite, are mostly disseminated around pyrite and detrital particles. The ore-bearing sandstones are enriched in organic matter, with which this reductive environment influenced uranium leaching. The carbonate concentration of the uranium ores is markedly higher than that of the host rocks, and intense carbonatization occurs in the ore-bearing sandstones. In this case, the usage of the classical in-situ leach uranium mining technique by injecting H2SO4 + H2O2 solution produces calcium sulfate precipitate, which can lead to blocking of the ore-bearing strata. For this reason, laboratory and field uranium mining tests were conducted using CO2 + O2 in-situ leaching technology and were demonstrated to be successful, illustrating that this approach is technically feasible. Inhibiting ore bed blockage and increasing the amount of injected O2 are important for uranium leaching in this setting.

In order to study the thermal safety of cylindrical battery deeply, based on the theory of heat transfer, thermal explosion and nonlinear modeling, a three-dimensional non-steady state thermal explosion mathematical model of cylindrical fireworks with non-uniform heat dissipation of the lateral surface was established for the first time (three-dimensional partial differential equation group). Combining seven point difference method and Newton-homotopy algorithm, the numerical calculation method of the three-dimensional non-steady state thermal explosion partial differential equation was established and the numerical calculation program was written base on Matlab. The validity of calculation program has been demonstrated by comparison of numerical solutions and classical solutions. The accuracy of model has been validated by example computation and analysis. The critical parameters describing non-steady state model of cylindrical fireworks when stored individually and stored in combination form were calculated in this paper, including temperature distribution, temperature–time history, thermal explosion time to ignition, etc. The results show that when the ambient temperature is 450 K, the fireworks stored individually do not have thermal explosion, but the fireworks stored in combination form will explode finally and the thermal explosion time to ignition is 19013.53 s. When the ambient temperature is 460 K, thermal explosion will occur in both the fireworks stored individually and stored in combination form, and the thermal explosion time to ignition are 3187.07 s and 3066.60 s respectively. It shows a more exact analytical methods and solutions of thermal safety evaluation of fireworks was established in this paper. Thus, it is need to strengthen the safety monitoring and management of cylindrical battery (combined fireworks) because of the higher thermal hazard.

Solid–liquid segregation often occurred during thixoforming of wrought aluminum alloys, which can result in uneven structures and mechanical properties. In this work, a novel compound loading method was introduced in thixoforming 7075 aluminum alloys. The results show that the solid–liquid segregation can be alleviated evidently by compound loading, and the microstructures of periphery area were improved significantly. As the secondary loading displacement increased from 0 mm to 5 mm, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of the periphery area increased little (∼510 MPa), and the yield strength (YS) even decreased slightly from 486 MPa to 470 MPa. However, the elongation to fracture of the periphery area increased from 1.94% to 4.3% with increment of 122%. On the contrary, the compound loading has limited effect on the tensile mechanical properties of the center area. The tensile fracture surfaces exhibited typical brittle rupture in the periphery area, while the fracture surfaces of the center were dominated by a large number of dimples and tear ridges showing typical ductile fracture features. Compound loading is an effective method to homogenize the microstructures and mechanical properties of thixoformed wrought aluminum alloys.

To study the effect of variable heat transfer coefficient of fireworks and crackers on thermal explosion critical ambient temperature and time to ignition, considering the heat transfer coefficient as the power function of temperature, mathematical thermal explosion steady state and unsteady-state model of finite cylindrical fireworks and crackers with complex shell structures are established based on two-dimensional steady state thermal explosion theory. The influence of variable heat transfer coefficient on thermal explosion critical ambient temperature and time to ignition are analyzed. When heat transfer coefficient is changing with temperature and in the condition of natural convection heat transfer, critical ambient temperature lessen, thermal explosion time to ignition shorten. If ambient temperature is close to critical ambient temperature, the influence of variable heat transfer coefficient on time to ignition become large. For firework with inner barrel in example analysis, the critical ambient temperature of propellant is 463.88 K and the time to ignition is 4054.9s at 466 K, 0.26 K and 450.8s less than without considering the change of heat transfer coefficient respectively. The calculation results show that the influence of variable heat transfer coefficient on thermal explosion time to ignition is greater in this example. Therefore, the effect of variable heat transfer coefficient should be considered into thermal safety evaluation of fireworks to reduce potential safety hazard.

The formation process of Al3Ti was studied based on the in-situ reaction between globular solid Ti powders with almost uniform size and 2024 Al melt under ultrasonic vibration. The microstructures of the Al3Ti/Al composite were examined at different reaction time. The reaction mechanism was analyzed based on the phase diagram and empirical reaction kinetics. Moreover, the effects of ultrasonic vibration on the formation of Al3Ti were discussed. The results show that the Al3Ti formed a layer around the unreacted Ti particle and was ruptured as the reaction continuing. An empirical reaction kinetics model of in-situ Al3Ti was established. The kinetic exponent n is determined to be 0.86, which is much higher than that of the standard diffusion-controlled growth (n = 0.5). The ultrasound assisted reaction follows an interface-controlled growth which means a higher reaction rate. The comprehensive effects of instantaneous pressure, high-intensity shock waves and local high-temperature caused by acoustic streaming and cavitation, are responsible for the high reaction rate and fine Al3Ti particles during the reaction process under ultrasonic vibration.

The synthesis mechanism of 3-nitro-4-(tetrazol-5-yl)furazan (NTZF) was calculated by Gaussian 09 for the first time, and NTZF was successfully synthesized based on the theoretical design. Its ionic salts (RbNTZF and CsNTZF) were synthesized and studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction firstly. The thermal stability of NTZF was investigated by TG-DSC and the kinetic data of thermal decomposition were calculated. The sensitivity of NTZF was measured. The formation heat, detonation velocity (D) and detonation pressure (P) of NTZF were calculated. NTZF is insensitive to impact and friction (impact > 40 J, friction > 360 J) and has higher detonation velocity and pressure (D = 7.838 km s−1, P = 27.32 GPa) compared to TNT (D = 6881 m s−1, P = 19.5 GPa). NTZF has appropriate sensitivity and detonation performance, so it can be used as a low explosive and gas generant.

This paper presents a single-degree-of-freedom energy optimization strategy to solve the energy management problem existing in power-split hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). The proposed strategy is based on a quadratic performance index, which is innovatively designed to simultaneously restrict the fluctuation of battery state of charge (SOC) and reduce fuel consumption. An extended quadratic optimal control problem is formulated by approximating the fuel consumption rate as a quadratic polynomial of engine power. The approximated optimal control law is obtained by utilizing the solution properties of the Riccati equation and adjoint equation. It is easy to implement in real-time and the engineering significance is explained in details. In order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy, the forward-facing vehicle simulation model is established based on the ADVISOR software (Version 2002, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, USA). The simulation results show that there is only a little fuel consumption difference between the proposed strategy and the Pontryagin’s minimum principle (PMP)-based global optimal strategy, and the proposed strategy also exhibits good adaptability under different initial battery SOC, cargo mass and road slope conditions.

Bis(1,5-diamino-4-methyl-tetrazolium)hydrazinetetrazolate (BMDATHBT) was synthesized for the first time from 1,5-diamino-4-methyl-tetrazolium sulfate (MDATS) and hydrazino bitetrazole barium (HBTBa·5H2O) as raw materials. The structure was characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1HNMR and MS. A single crystal of BMDATHBT was cultivated. Its crystalline density was 1.660 g cm−3. BMDATHBT has high detonation pressure and detonation velocity (P = 25.93 GPa, D = 7.839 km s−1), which are higher than those of TNT. Its thermal and mechanical sensitivities are moderate. The thermal decomposition products are almost all gases. Therefore, it has potential application prospects as a gas generating agent, explosive and solid propellant.

// Danyan Xu 1,* , Jiahui Hu 1,* , Qinghua Wu 2 , Zhiming Du 3 , Yusheng Xue 4 , Xu Zhang 5 , Yi Li 6 , Yushan Chen 7 , Xiaoping Chen 8 , Hong Zhang 9 and Shuiping Zhao 10 1 Department of Cardiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China 2 Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P.R. China 3 Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China 4 Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Xi’an, P.R. China 5 Department of Chinese Medicine, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China 6 Department of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China 7 Center of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM, Zhengzhou, P.R. China 8 Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China 9 Department of Cardiology, the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, P.R. China 10 Department of Cardiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China * These authors were the joint first authors and have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Shuiping Zhao, email: // Keywords : Zhibitai; atorvastatin; combination therapy; dyslipidemia; atherosclerosis Received : December 29, 2016 Accepted : May 10, 2017 Published : June 01, 2017 Abstract Background: Zhibitai, a natural lipid-lowering Chinese medicine, is well tolerated in patients and has low incidence of adverse events. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy, safety, and side effects of Zhibitai in combination with low dose Atorvastatin compared to high dose Atorvastatin in patients with coronary heart disease or at high risk of coronary heart disease. Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind, multi-center clinical trial on 720 patients with coronary heart disease or at high risk of coronary heart disease. The patients were randomly assigned to a Zhibitai-Atorvastatin group (480 mg Zhibitai twice daily plus 10 mg atorvastatin once daily) or Monotherapy group (40 mg Atorvastatin once daily). Blood samples were obtained at baseline, week 4, and week 8 after a minimum 8-hour fast. Efficacy was evaluated in terms of the changes in the following parameters: lipoprotein profiles [total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)]. Safety was assessed throughout the study by clinical laboratory tests including liver function [alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase] and renal function [blood urea nitrogen], and creatine kinase; physical examination; and adverse events monitoring. Results: TC, TG, LDL-C levels were significantly decreased andHDL-C levels were significantly increased at week 4 and week 8 (all P 0.05). In subgroup analyses, Zhibitai-Atorvastatin Group produced significantly greater reduction in TG compared with Monotherapy Group at week 8 in patients with TG > 203.72mg/dL ( P 131.48 mg/dL, Zhibitai-Atorvastatin Group produced a greater reduction of LDL-C levels compared with the Monotherapy Group at week 4 ( P 203.72 mg/dL at week 8. There are fewer side effects in Zhibitai plus low dose Atorvastatin group. Long term follow up is required to evaluate cardiovascular outcomes.

Thin-wall and high-rib components of AM60B Mg alloy were formed by double control forming (DCF) under the optimal conditions. Numerical simulation of high-speed filling process was carried out on Flow-3D software. The microstructure and properties of the components formed by DCF under the optimal conditions were investigated. The results showed that the design of the overflow launders and runners were feasible. The velocity magnitude in the component region was less than that in the regions of the runners and overflow launders. The temperature decreased gradually from the runners to overflow launders. Finer and more uniform microstructure without defects such as microcrack and microporosity was found in the components formed by DCF as compared to die casting. The reason was due to the dual effect of high pressure on increasing the nucleation rate and removing the defects. The mechanical properties of the components formed by DCF under the optimal conditions were significantly improved in comparison to die casting and DCF under non-optimal conditions. Fine and uniform microstructure without defects led to the improvement of mechanical properties. The fracture morphology of the components formed by die casting was characterized by brittle cleavage fracture and some microporosities, deteriorating the mechanical properties. Ductile fracture morphology with a large number of dimples was found in the fracture microstructure of the components formed by DCF under the optimal conditions, enhancing the mechanical properties.