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Parkinson′s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, mainly due to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) of the midbrain, resulting in motor dysfunction. Dental stem cells (DSCs) are derived from the cranial neural crest which can be easily harvested. DSCs coming from the cranial neural crest have excellent proliferation and differentiation ability, and can promote nerve repair and regeneration. DSCs can secrete new dopamine neurons and secrete a large number of neurotrophic factors(NTFs) to improve the neural function, and also inhibit the neuroinflammatory response through immune modulation. DSCs can effectively alleviate the motor dysfunction in rats with PD and play an important role in R&D of regenerative medicine.

Background In recent years, medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS) are widely concerned by domestic and foreign scholars. However, China started late in this field with relatively backward development. It is of significant importance for the promotion of MUPS field development in China to learn the researches on MUPS by international scholars. Objective To discusses the current status, research hotspots and development trends of MUPS internationally by using bibliometrics method. Methods The papers related to MUPS from inception to 2022-08-15 were searched based on Web of Science core collection databases from July to August in 2022. The bibliometric analysis was performed on the included papers in terms of publication volume trends and the distributions of authors, institutions and research areas after screening and data processing. CiteSpace 6.1R3 software was used to conduct visualization analysis on collaboration between countries or regions, document co-citation, keywords co-occurrence, keywords clustering, and keywords with bursts. Results A total of 1 615 papers were finally included, the number of annual publications in studies regarding MUPS showed an overall upward trend from 1985 to 2022, with the most rapid growth from 2014 to 2016. ROSMALEN J G M (43 papers), WITTHOFT M (41 papers) and RIEF W (31 papers) ranked the top three authors in terms of number of publications, and the total citations of the three scholars' papers also ranks in the top 10, with 954 times, 1 275 times and 1 339 times, respectively. The top three institutions in terms of number of publications were all from the UK, including University of London (143 papers), King's College London (95 papers) and University of Manchester (84 papers). The top three countries/regions in terms of number of publications were England (422 papers), the United States (341 papers), and Netherlands (268 papers), all of which cooperated closely with other countries. A total of 75 research areas were involved in all the literature, with most studies in psychiatry (605 papers). The literature co-citation network map includes 1 393 nodes and 6 108 connections, and the paper with the highest co-citation frequency was titled Somatoform Disorders and Medically Unexplained Symptoms in Primary Care. Except of "Medically unexplained symptoms", the top five keywords in terms of occurrence frequency were "primary care" (422 times), "somatoform disorder" (405 times), "somatization" (354 times), "prevalence" (217 times) and "depression" (211 times). A total of 12 clusters were obtained by keywords clustering analysis, reflecting in the subject category and epidemiological characteristics of MUPS, key subtypes of MUPS, main treatment methods and management of MUPS. Keyword with the highest intensity of burst was "somatic symptom disorder" "children" "bodily distress syndrome" "somatic symptom disorder" and "model" have burst in recent years and persisted till now. Conclusion At present, the publications of international studies regarding to MUPS show an upward stage, with research hotspots and trends mainly focus on the sutypes of MUPS with more researches, attention to juvenile groups and creation of effective communication models, correct evaluation and long-term management of MUPS, effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for MUPS.

Healthcare insurance fraud has become a major problem worldwide in recent decades, resulting in significant financial losses for every affected country. Traditional fraud detection methods, however, often fall short as they primarily focus on analyzing data from the current period, thereby neglecting valuable historical information. In our study, we introduce a novel approach inspired by the financial concept of "credit" to detect fraudulent activities in various domains, such as healthcare insurance, credit card, and online retail transactions. Our approach aims to build a credit evaluation model (CEM) that can distinguish between fraudulent and normal activities by analyzing their historical records. We acknowledge that numerous fraud detection methods have been proposed, but they often struggle to detect edge cases, which limits their practical effectiveness. To address this challenge, our proposed CEM employs a time interval-aware long short-term memory (LSTM) algorithm to assist fraud detection. Furthermore, we propose an innovative approach that transforms traditional binary classification into a multi-classification problem, which improves the model's ability to handle diverse fraudulent activities. We conducted experiments to evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed approach and model, comparing them against baseline algorithms and recently proposed methods. The results indicate that our approach outperforms the others, demonstrating its potential for practical use in detecting fraudulent activities across various domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, an optimal robust constraint-following control is proposed for the underactuated vehicle path tracking problem. First, an underactuated dynamic model is established according to Udwadia–Kalaba (UK) equation, and the system uncertainty is decomposed into matching and mismatching portions based on the system geometric characteristics. The mismatching uncertainty is orthogonal to task space; thus, its influence on system stability is eliminated. Second, the diffeomorphism method is used to creatively set inequality and equality constraints into new equality constraints, and a robust control method for front steering vehicles with parameter-tunable is proposed. Third, an optimal design scheme is proposed for the tunable parameters to minimize the comprehensive index of system performance and control cost. Carsim-Simulink co-simulation shows the effectiveness of the proposed optimal robust control. This article creatively solves the problem of optimal robust control for path tracking of multi-constrained underactuated vehicles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

First of all,the 3Dmodeling of spiral bevel gear is conducted by using SolidWorks software.Then,based on Hertz contact theory,a virtual prototype model of spiral bevel gear for forklift main reducer is established by using ADAMS,through simulation experiment,and the change curve of gear meshing force amplitude fluctuations with the center distance change is got.Finally,through the inserting point method taking three typical installation,the further analysis of the dynamic meshing characteristic is carried out.By contrast,the control range of center distance of transmission stability more reasonable installation error is got and the optimal installation center distance is got,it can reduce vibration and improve the quality of gear meshing,the reference for the optimization design of installation center distance of the spiral bevel gear is provided.