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The pollution of sediments around Lu Ban Island is a serious environmental issue that is threatening human health. The concentration of As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn at 73 layer points were investigated, vertical distribution characteristics, correlation among potential toxic elements and potential ecological risks of sediments at different depth were analyzed. The following results were obtained, (1) the hypothesis that there was a linear relationship between concentration of potential toxic elements and the reciprocal of deep was reasonable. Based on hypothesis, the ultimate value of concentration by making depth go to infinity was regarded as the background concentration. The background concentration of As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn are respectively 4.94 mg/kg, 0.20 mg/kg, 15.48 mg/kg, 58.41 mg/kg, 0.062 mg/kg, 26.96 mg/kg, 20.29 mg/kg, and 53.31 mg/kg. (2) But correlation between Ni and As was relatively weak, high degree of correlation among other potential toxic elements were found. Based on their correlation, eight potential toxic elements were classified into three groups. First group included Ni and Cr, mainly releasing by coal burning; Cu, Pb, Zn, Hg, and Cd were grouped together, possibly due to their shared source of fish cage culture; Arsenic with relatively weak correlation with other potential toxic elements was classified as a separate class, which was usually one important mineral resource associated with phosphate. (3) Potential ecological risk index (PERI) of sediment above − 0.40 m belonged to moderate risk, the PERI of sediment in − 0.10 m, − 0.20 m, and − 0.40 m were 289.06, 254.33, and 201.44, respectively. Sediment below − 0.40 m belonged to low risk with average PERI value 112.82, with no significant changes in PERI values. The order of contribution to PERI was Hg > Cd > As > Cu > Pb > Ni > Cr > Zn. (4) According to result of cluster analysis and potential ecological risk, the potential ecological risk of sediment above − 0.40 m mainly contributed by potential toxic elements of Cu, Cd, Hg, Pb, and Zn sharing source of fish cage culture.

The stochastic simulation method of particle transport is usually used to solve the characteristic quantity of a large number of moving particles.Particle transport problems are widely found in the fields of medicine,astrophysics and nuclear phy-sics.The main challenge of current stochastic simulation methods for particle transport is the gap between the number of simulation samples supported by computers,the simulation timescale,and researchers’ needs to study practical problems.Since the development of processor performance has entered a new historical stage with the stagnation of process size progress,the integration of complex on-chip structures no longer meets the current requirements.For particle transport programs,this paper carries out a series of architecture design works.By analyzing and using the parallelism and access characteristics of the program,simplified kernel and reconfigurable cache are designed to speed up the program.Experiments show that compared to the traditional architecture composed of multiple out-of-order cores,this architecture can obtain more than 4.5x in performance per watt and 2.78x in performance per area,which lays a foundation for the further study of large-scale many-nucleus particle transport acce-lerator.

Objective To screen high-affinity neutralizing antibodies with broad spectrum specificity against different SARS-CoV2 mutants and verify their functions. Methods Balb/c mice were immunized twice with SARS-CoV2 S protein mRNA vaccine coated with liposome, and the specific antibody content in serum was determined. The mice with higher antibody titer were selected for shock immunization. The spleen cells of mice after shock immunization were fused with myeloma cells to prepare fusion cells, and the clones that produces monoclonal antibodies against different parts of S protein were screened by limited dilution and ELISA. Monoclonal antibody was purified and neutral-ization experiments were performed to verify the neutralization activity of the antibody. Monoclonal antibodies with broad spectrum binding properties against recombinant receptor binding domain(RBD) proteins of four SARS-CoV2 mutants were screened by ELISA. Results After twice immunizations, the serum antibody titer against S protein in high dose group 4 was the highest. After shock immunity and cell fusion, 12 hybridoma cell clones with binding activity to S protein were screened, among which 9 strains specifically bound to RBD protein. The neutralization test results showed that the antibodies 41, 46 and 47 had significant neutralization activity in vitro. Compared with the other two antibodies, antibody 46 showed broad-spectrum binding activity to the RBD proteins of four SARS-CoV2 mutants including Omicron. Conclusions Antibody 46 is a broad-spectrum specific neutralizing antibody against four different SARS-CoV2 mutants, which can be further humanized and potentially used for the treatment of COVID-19.

The inverse spin Hall effect is a critical method for detecting spin Hall conductivity. Unearthing the physical relationship between electronic structure and spin Hall conductivity is conducive to establishing an intrinsic link between microstructure and macroscopic phenomena. Here, we report MnBi2Te4 as an ideal candidate: a stable, inversion symmetry-broken magnetic topological insulator for investigating the intrinsic correlation between spin Hall conductivity signal reversal and electronic structure. The valence band exhibits a significant Rashba spin splitting, with a magnitude reaching up to 4.61 eV/Å. We identify robust topological properties independent of Rashba and Lifshitz spin-splitting types. Moreover, transitioning the spin-splitting type not only widens the bulk band gap, enhancing the spin Hall conductivity plateau, but also triples the intrinsic spin Hall conductivity value. We propose the inverse spin Hall effect that is tunable by spin-splitting types, thereby advancing the research on the microscopic electronic mechanisms of spin current detection. The spin Hall effect facilitates the generation and detection of spin currents and is expected to play an important role in future spintronic devices. Here, the authors theoretically investigate the presence of Rashba spin splitting for MnBi2Te4 and the relationship with an inverse spin Hall effect also present in the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary fermented rapeseed meal (FRM), potassium iodide, and their interactions on growth performance, approximate composition, and antioxidant capacity in tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (initial body weight: 3.50 ± 0.15 g). Six isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets from a 2 × 3 factorial design were formulated with two levels of FRM (25.8 and 51.6%) and three levels of potassium iodide (0, 6, and 12 mg/kg), respectively. The results indicated that dietary levels of FRM and iodine had no significant influence on the SR of tilapia but exerted significant effects on weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), feed intake (FI), hepatosomatic index, and viscerosomatic index. The WG, SGR, and FI of tilapia in the 51.6% FRM groups were significantly lower than those in other groups (p < 0.05), and iodine inclusion in the 51.6% FRM diet significantly enhanced WG, SGR, and FI of tilapia (p < 0.05). Dietary iodine significantly increased the whole-body and muscle lipid content in the tilapia (p < 0.05). The content of total bilirubin (T-Bil) and the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the tilapia serum were significantly reduced by the inclusion of 6–12 mg/kg iodine in 51.6% FRM level (p < 0.05), and the serum total triiodothyronine content was significantly elevated by the supplementation of 12 mg/kg iodine (p < 0.05). Significant interactions between dietary FRM and iodine were found in serum T-Bil content and triglyceride and AST activity (p < 0.05). Dietary supplementation of iodine in high FRM diets (51.6%) significantly increased the activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and decreased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver of tilapia (p < 0.05). The activity of T-SOD, CAT, and T-AOC and the content of MDA in the liver of tilapia significantly interacted with the levels of dietary FRM and iodine (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the liver cell structure was further ameliorated, and the liver health status was significantly enhanced in each iodine treatment group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cone penetration test (CPT) is one of the most popular in situ soil characterization tools. However, the test is often difficult to conduct in soils with high penetration resistance. To resolve the problem, a rotary CPT device has recently been adopted in practice by rotating the rod to increase the penetrability, particularly in deep dense sand. This study investigates the underlying mechanism of the rotation effects from a micromechanical perspective using models based on the discrete element method. With rotation, the cone penetration resistance (qc) decreases by up to 50%, while the cone torque resistance (tc) increases gradually. These results are also used to successfully assess existing theoretical solutions. The mechanical work required during penetration is observed to keep rising as the rotational velocity increases. Microscopic variables including particle displacement and velocity field show that rotation reduces the volume of disturbed soil during penetration and drives particles to rotate horizontally, while contact force chain and contact fabric indicate that rotation increases the number of radial and tangential contacts and the corresponding contact forces, forming a lateral stable structure around the shaft, which can reduce the force transmitted to the particles below the cone, thus decreasing the vertical penetration resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 2021 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (fifth edition) was released. One of the biggest differences between new edition tumors classification and the previous editions is that the pediatric ⁃ type diffuse low ⁃ grade gliomas and the pediatric ⁃ type diffuse high ⁃ grade gliomas are classified into independent tumor families. This change is based on the fact that although pediatric ⁃ type diffuse gliomas morphologically resemble their adult counterparts, while their molecular genetics features are completely different, and the prognosis of these tumors with different molecular genetics features is different accordingly, so different treatment strategies are needed. Physicians and surgeons need to know of the features of these pediatric ⁃ type diffuse gliomas. This paper reviews the existing literature, and the pathological reports and imaging data of our hospital, summarizes the imaging and pathological diagnostic features, as well as the clinical manifestations, prognostic features and treatment suggestions of these pediatric⁃type diffuse gliomas. This review will provide an annotation from the view of diagnosis and treatment on pediatric⁃type diffuse gliomas for the physicians and surgeons.

Chronic intermittent hypoxia plays an important role in the mechanism of various adverse reactions of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA). Epigenetic process participates in the occurrence and development of OSA and complications by affecting adaptive potential and phenotypic variation under chronic intermittent hypoxia. Therefore, understanding the effect of epigenetic regulation on OSA is helpful to provide new ideas for clinical phenotype and targeted therapy of OSA.

Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) is known for its zero-strain characteristic in electrochemical applications, making it a suitable material for fast-charging applications. Here, we systematically studied the quasi-equilibrium and non-equilibrium lithium-ion transportation kinetics in LTO thin-film electrodes, across a range of scales from the crystal lattice to the microstructured electrodes. At the crystal lattice scale, during the non-equilibrium lithiation process, lithium ions are dispersedly embedded into the 16c position, resulting in more 8a → 16c migration compared with the quasi-equilibrium lithiation, and forming numerous fast lithium diffusion channels inside the LTO lattice. At the microstructural electrode scale, optical spectrum characterizations supported the "nano-filaments" lithiation model in polycrystalline LTO thin-film electrodes during the lithiation process. Our results reveal the patterns of lithium migration and distribution within the LTO thin film electrode under the non-equilibrium and quasi-equilibrium lithiation process, offering profound insights into the potential optimization strategies for enhancing the performance of fast-charging thin film batteries. Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) is an ideal battery material for fastcharging applications. The authors examine Li+ transport in LTO thin film electrodes, revealing that nonequilibrium processes result in unique Li+ occupation states that enhance Li+ diffusion. Findings suggests engineering Li+ occupations in LTO crystal lattice can improve battery performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]