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Summary: Controlled myogenic differentiation is integral to the development, maintenance and repair of skeletal muscle, necessitating precise regulation of myogenic progenitors and resident stem cells. The transformation of proliferative muscle progenitors into multinuclear syncytia involves intricate cellular processes driven by cytoskeletal reorganization. While actin and microtubles have been extensively studied, we illuminate the role of septins, an essential yet still often overlooked cytoskeletal component, in myoblast architecture. Notably, Septin9 emerges as a critical regulator of myoblast differentiation during the initial commitment phase. Knock-down of Septin9 in C2C12 cells and primary mouse myoblasts accelerates the transition from proliferation to committed progenitor transcriptional programs. Furthermore, we unveil significant reorganization and downregulation of Septin9 during myogenic differentiation. Collectively, we propose that filmamentous septin structures and their orchestrated reorganization in myoblasts are part of a temporal regulatory mechanism governing the differentiation of myogenic progenitors. This study sheds light on the dynamic interplay between cytoskeletal components underlying controlled myogenic differentiation.

The article discusses the business processes automation for creating, modifying and checking templates for printing payment documents in the «FastReport» program using the example of organizations engaged in printing activities. The purpose of the article is to develop software that allows you to automatically check the print template file for all key parameters using information from its own database. The article is recommended to specialists whose work is related to the creation of documents in «FastReport».

Aim. Evaluation of the frequency of occurrence of various variants of the structure of root canals and methods for their processing in the practice of a dentist-therapist.Material and methods. 30 doctors who worked in the specialty "therapeutic dentistry" for 2-20 years were interviewed using questionnaires in various dental institutions in Izhevsk and Sarapul in the Udmurt Republic; and also analyzed 81 medical record of patients who underwent primary endodontic treatment for caries complication at LLC Center for Professional Dentistry "APEX" in Izhevsk for 6 months of 2022. The following data were copied from medical records: the age of the patient, the disease of the tooth, the number of diagnosed root canals and the method of their instrumental processing, as well as the size of the primary and main files. In a laboratory experiment, 30 human one-two-rooted teeth were used removed for orthodontic indications or for periodontal diseases in various techniques, and apical patency was assessed by irrigating the canals with a tinted solution to control its exit beyond the apex.Results. From the personal data, it was found that the second molars have the largest number of options for the number of root canals (from 1 to 5 root canals). In 73.4% of physicians, molars and lower incisors cause difficulty in instrumentation, in almost 75% of cases root canals are passable for files of size 10, when working with rotary instruments, preference is given to the Step Back method in the “one length” technique, the use of such instruments in such technique in 46.6% of cases leads to an increase in apical patency.

The paper describes the life and academic work of S.K. Kuznetsov, ethnographer and archaeologist, whose works have left a noticeable mark on historiography and is are actively cited by modern researchers. S.K. Kuznetsov was a prominent representative of the generation of researchers of the Finno-Ugric peoples of Russia who worked at the turn of the 19th – 20th centuries under the auspices of the Society of Archaeology, History and Ethnography affiliated to Imperial Kazan University. In his study of the spiritual and material culture of the Mari and Udmurt population of the Kama-Vyatka region, he was guided by humanistic principles, generally characteristic of the Kazan scientific community.

Abstract The process of forest death covers the entire boreal zone of the Northern Hemisphere. Due to the deterioration of the sanitary condition of forest areas, harmful organisms are becoming more active, where the most dangerous pest is Ips typographus. The aim of the work was to study the chemical structure of spruce wood in samples of various living conditions in the zones of active reproduction of bark beetles.The research studies the biochemical composition of Píceao bovata wood within the places of Ips typographus development (bythe example of the Udmurt Republic).The research was carried out within the European part of the Russian Federation, the Udmurt Republic region. The republic area is 42 thousand km2. A total of 15 sample plots were laid out and more than 8,000 trees were analyzed. It was revealed that in the subtaiga zone, the processes of death of spruce stands are observed.

The features, advantages and disadvantages of using QGIS, ArcGIS and MapInfo Pro when creating atlases of various types (geographic, complex and thematic) are considered in this paper. Schemes for their potential organization are presented and technological schemes for their automated creation in these geographic information systems are proposed. As a result, approaches and solutions for improving geographic information software can be formulated. Algorithms and modules were developed, primarily aimed at formalizing the structure of atlases and automating the design process of their mathematical basis. The development of functionality was implemented using built-in developer tools implemented in MapInfo as the MapBasic language, and in ArcGIS and QGIS in the Python programming language. A summary table was compiled, which presents the basic functionalities required to create atlases in GIS and their implementation in the appropriate software. These proposals will ensure the fulfillment of all requirements necessary for atlas design, primarily at the regional mapping level.

The aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of Stillavit in the treatment of dry eye syndrome (DES) and its effect on the density of conjunctival goblet cells and the functional parameters of tear production. Methods. There were analyzed treatment results of 18 patients (36 eyes) with DES at the age of 48 to 80 years (average 60.6 ± 1.3 years) including 17 women and 1 male before and after 1 and 3 months after Stillavit prescription. In all patients in addition to a standard ophthalmological examination the results of Schirmer I, Norn, as well as the LIPCOF test were evaluated and the density of conjunctival goblet cells was examined. Results. After 1 and 3 months there was a significant improvement in the results of the Norn test: from 5.17 ± 0.22 seconds to 7.18 ± 0.17 seconds which indicated an increase in the stability of the tear film. After 3 months there was a significant increase in the density of conjunctival goblet cells, improvement in the Schirmer sample: from 9.26 ± 0.89 to 11.7 ± 0.6 mm (t = 2.28, p < 0.05) and LIPCOF test (t = 2.18, p < 0.05) which indicated an increase in tear production and a significant decrease in the inflammatory process and edema of the conjunctiva. Conclusion. Treatment of DES with the use of Stillavit leads after 3 months to a significant increase in the density of conjunctival goblet cells, increases tear production and stability of the tear film.

The article describes acute problem - absence of reference standards (Federal Reference Standards) of controlled ingredients of some potent pharmaceuticals (especially narcotic and psychotropic substances) in Russia. Authors present an algorithm for solving this task. According to regulatory documents providing traceability and technical regulation in Russian Federation requires use of the Federal Reference Standards for any official quantitative studies of narcotic and psychotropic substances. Lack of the reference standards does not allow provide: legally meaningful assessment of quality of medical products; to ensure industrial safety of work with substances belonging to list of dangerous goods; to conduct quantitative forensic analysis using instrumental methods, etc. Development of the Federal Reference Standards should be organized in the framework of technological cooperation of organizations (laboratories) which has necessary licenses. Production of the highest quality standards should be organized on a specialized facility where Federal S&T Center "Inversiya" has already made Federal Reference Standards of toxic chemicals. Creation and introduction in practices Federal Reference Standards of the controlled substances will provide scientific, technical and methodological foundations in development and implementation technologies for production of potent pharmaceutical ingredients in Russian Federation and solutions in the field of criminology and chemical safety and security.

In the search for new magnetic functional materials, non-stoichiometric compounds remain a relatively unexplored territory. While experimentalists create new compositions looking for improved functional properties, their work is not guided by systematic theoretical predictions. Being designed for perfect periodic crystals, the majority of first-principles approaches struggle with the concept of a non-stoichiometric system. In this work, we attempt a systematic computational study of magnetic and structural properties of Ni–Mn–Ga, mapped onto ternary composition diagrams. Compositional stability was examined using the convex hull analysis. We show that the cubic austenite has its stability region close to the stoichiometric Ni2MnGa, in agreement with experimental data, while the tetragonal martensite spreads its stability over a wider range of Mn and Ni contents. The unstable compositions in both austenite and martensite states are located in the Ga-rich corner of the ternary diagram. We note that simultaneous stability of the austenite and martensite should be considered for potentially stable compounds suitable for synthesis. The majority of compounds are predicted to be ferrimagnetically ordered in both austenitic and martensitic states. The methodology used in this work is computationally tractable, yet it delivers some predictive power. For experimentalists who plan to synthesize stable Ni–Mn–Ga compounds with ferromagnetic order, we narrow the target compositional range substantially.

This paper examines recordings of Russian WWI POWs of Finno-Ugric ethnicities (primarily Udmurts) captured by Austria-Hungary and Germany between 1915 and 1918. These recordings were made by Austrian, Hungarian and German Academies of Sciences in the POW camps using the technical know-how and state-of-the-art technical capabilities of the Berliner Phonogramm-Archiv and the Phonogrammarchiv of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and were stored as phonographs and gramophone records. Top experts in the fields of anthropology, ethnography, musicology and linguistics participated in the project, the out-come of which is preserved to this day and allows us to study the Great War not only through written materials, but by hearing the voices of those who fought in it.

The article presents materials on the prospects of processing wood waste into high-strength structural cellulose material using alkaline processing of raw materials followed by hot pressing. Materials on the study of the cellulose-lignin complex and non-structural components of wood on the example of coniferous plants of various life conditions, including dead wood, are presented. Differences in the content of extractive substances (non-structural components) in individuals of different living conditions, which have a significant impact on the chemical treatment of wood, were revealed. The possibility of using white rotting wood-destroying fungi for partial delignification of wood is considered. The study was carried out with the financial support of the RFBR grant No. 19-04-00353 A.

The article analyzes the structural, magnetic, and thermodynamic properties of Mn2YSn (Y = Sc, Ti, V) alloys depending on applied pressure using the density functional theory and Monte Carlo method. Results demonstrate that for each compound there are two magnetic states with low and high magnetic moment at smaller and larger unit cell volume, separated by an energy barrier. The barrier value depends on the applied external pressure. The two phases become practically equal in energy at critical pressures of 3.4, –2.9, and –3.25 GPa for Mn2ScSn, Mn2TiSn and Mn2VSn alloys, respectively. The temperature dependences of magnetization and magnetocaloric characteristics for the studied phases have been simulated at different pressures. Consideration of pressure contributes to understanding the enhancement mechanism of magnetocaloric effect in phases with high magnetic moment. The largest effect (∆Smag ≈ 0.158 J/mol K and ∆Tad ≈ 1.1 K) is predicted for Mn2TiSn at a pressure of –2.9 GPa and magnetic field variation from 0 to 2 T. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indirect anticoagulants effectively prevent thromboembolic complications in patients with high risk of their development. It was proven in multicenter controlled studies. However in spite of efficient laboratory control of anticoagulant effect with the international normalized ratio, treatment with drugs of this group deals with high risk of bleeding including fatal one. Latest decade studies showed that efficacy and safety of indirect anticoagulants significantly depend on genetic factors in the form of polymorphisms of genes of their biotransformation (CYP2C9) and molecule-targets (VKORC1). This created basis for usage of pharmacogenetics approach for individual choice of indirect anticoagulant dose regime. However to use this approach in clinical practice physician needs to have algorithms for choosing of indirect anticoagulant dose regime according to pharmocogenetics test results. Analysis of these existing algorithms, their advantages and disadvantages are described in the review.

In 2014, 100 years have passed since the birth of one of the largest biologists of our country, a learned histologist and embryologist, corresponding member of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Professor Alexei Georgievich Knorre.

The paper describes a wide-range practical application of the potentiometric multisensor system (MS) (1) for integral safety evaluation of a variety of natural waters at multiple locations, under various climatic conditions and anthropogenic stress and (2) for close to real consistency evaluation of waste water purification processes at urban water treatment plants. In total, 25 natural surface water samples were collected around St. Petersburg (Russia), analyzed as is, and after ultrasonic treatment. Toxicity of the samples was evaluated using bioassay and MS. Relative errors of toxicity assessment with MS in these samples were below 20%. The system was also applied for fast determination of integral water quality using chemical oxygen demand (COD) values in 20 samples of water from river and ponds in Kolkata (India) and performed with an acceptable precision of 20% to 22% in this task. Furthermore, the MS was applied for fast simultaneous evaluation of COD, biochemical oxygen demand, inorganic phosphorous, ammonia, and nitrate nitrogen at two waste water treatment plants (over 320 samples). Reasonable precision (within 25%) of such analysis is acceptable for rapid water safety evaluation and enables fast control of the purification process. MS proved to be a practicable analytical instrument for various real-world tasks related to water safety monitoring.