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9. Synthesis of Green Copper Nanoparticles Using Medicinal Plant Krameria sp. Root Extract and Its Applications

Author

Shifaa O. Alshammari, Sabry Younis Mahmoud, and Eman Saleh Farrag

Subjects
nanoparticles, copper, antimicrobial, antioxidant, green synthesis, Krameria sp., Organic chemistry, QD241-441
Abstract

Nanotechnology is one of the most dynamic research areas and the fastest-growing market. Developing eco-friendly products using available resources to acquire maximum production, better yield, and stability is a great challenge for nanotechnology. In this study, copper nanoparticles (CuNP) were synthesized via the green method using root extract of the medical plant Rhatany (Krameria sp.) as a reducing and capping agent and used to investigate the influence of microorganisms. The maximum production of CuNP was noted at 70 °C after 3 h of reaction time. The formation of nanoparticles was confirmed through UV-spectrophotometer, and the product showed an absorbance peak in the 422–430 nm range. The functional groups were observed using the FTIR technique, such as isocyanic acid attached to stabilize the nanoparticles. The spherical nature and average crystal sizes of the particle (6.16 nm) were determined using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) analysis. In tests with a few drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria and fungus species, CuNP showed encouraging antimicrobial efficacy. CuNP had a significant antioxidant capacity of 83.81% at 200 g/m−1. Green synthesized CuNP are cost-effective and nontoxic and can be applied in agriculture, biomedical, and other fields.

Published
2023
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10. Understanding Gene Involvement in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Implications for Gene Therapy and Personalized Medicine

Author

Younis,Mahmoud, Harashima,Hideyoshi, Younis,Mahmoud, and Harashima,Hideyoshi

Abstract

Mahmoud A Younis,1,2 Hideyoshi Harashima1 1Laboratory of Innovative Nanomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan; 2Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, EgyptCorrespondence: Hideyoshi Harashima, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan, Email harasima@pharm.hokudai.ac.jp Mahmoud A Younis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt, Email mahmoudyounis@aun.edu.egAbstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the dominant type of liver cancers and is one of the deadliest health threats globally. The conventional therapeutic options for HCC are hampered by low efficiency and intolerable side effects. Gene therapy, however, now offers hope for the treatment of many disorders previously considered incurable, and gene therapy is beginning to address many of the shortcomings of conventional therapies. Herein, we summarize the involvement of genes in the pathogenesis and prognosis of HCC, with a special focus on dysregulated signaling pathways, genes involved in immune evasion, and non-coding RNAs as novel two-edged players, which collectively offer potential targets for the gene therapy of HCC. Herein, the opportunities and challenges of HCC gene therapy are discussed. These include innovative therapies such as genome editing and cell therapies. Moreover, advanced gene delivery technologies that recruit nanomedicines for use in gene therapy for HCC are highlighted. Finally, suggestions are offered for improved clinical translation and future directions in this area of endeavor.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, gene therapy, personalized medicine, nanomedicines, clinical translation

Published
2024

11. Chitosan-capped silver nanoparticles with potent and selective intrinsic activity against the breast cancer cells

Author

Abdellatif Ahmed A. H., Abdelfattah Ahmed, Younis Mahmoud A., Aldalaan Saed M., and Tawfeek Hesham M.

Subjects
breast cancer, silver nanoparticles, chitosan, il-6, tnf-α, Technology, Chemical technology, TP1-1185, Physical and theoretical chemistry, QD450-801
Abstract

Herein, we report on the development of chitosan-capped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-CHI) with an intrinsic activity against breast cancer cells. Following chemical synthesis via a simple, one-pot reaction, the chitosan coating of AgNPs was verified using Fourier-transform infrared and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopies. The physicochemical properties and morphology were characterized using dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The shelf stability of the optimized platform was tracked for 3 months upon storage at either room temperature or 4°C. Then, the anticancer activities of AgNPs-CHI on human breast cancer cells, MCF-7, versus normal human cells, human skin fibroblasts (HSF), were evaluated via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide cytotoxicity assay and tumor-associated biomarkers determination by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, in comparison with plain silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution. AgNPs were successfully coated with chitosan and demonstrated acceptable physicochemical properties, with a spherical morphology and high stability upon long-term storage. Although AgNPs-CHI and AgNO3 demonstrated comparable cytotoxicity to MCF-7 cells, AgNPs-CHI resulted in 10-fold lower toxicity to HSF cells, suggesting a higher selectivity. In addition, AgNPs-CHI lowered IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in MCF-7 cells by 90 and 30%, respectively, compared to 60 and 10% in the case of plain AgNO3. The interesting therapeutic modality presented in this study is promising for potential clinical applications.

Published
2023
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12. Optimization and Storage Stability of Milk–Date Beverages Fortified with Sukkari Date Powder.

Author

Younis, Mahmoud, Ahmed, Khaled A., Ahmed, Isam A. Mohamed, Yehia, Hany M., Abdelkarim, Diaeldin O., Alhamdan, Abdulla, and Elfeky, Ahmed

Subjects
RESPONSE surfaces (Statistics), GALLIC acid, DIETARY fiber, COLD (Temperature), COLD storage
Abstract

This study aims to determine the feasibility of creating a date–milk beverage with nutritional and antioxidant benefits and determine the optimal formulation and storage conditions to preserve its quality. Date powder–milk beverages with 0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% weight/weight (w/w) dates were refrigerated at 1 °C and 5 °C for 10 days to evaluate their nutritional and antioxidant activities. The investigation showed that response surface methodology models accurately represented experimental data. Date powder concentration, storage period, and storage temperature all negatively affected pH, which ranged from 6.45 to 7.09, close to but surpassing the optimum pH. The beverage's total dissolved solids (TSS) declined after 10 days, with no notable changes as the storage temperature rose from 1 °C to 5 °C. Increasing date powder concentrations resulted in darker beverages, with a color change (ΔE) ranging from 12.93 to 35.55. All variables showed a considerable increase in dietary fibers in milk–date beverages. Phenolic levels of 9.7 to 10.05 gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/gram dry weight are preserved by colder storage temperatures and greater date concentrations. During storage, antioxidant activity considerably increased (p < 0.001) for all date concentrations, but did not change with temperature. On the tenth day of storage, high-temperature storage and low date powder content increased colony counts (6.22 log10 CFU/mL). This study suggests that adding dates to dairy-based beverages creates nutritional drinks without additives, processed sugars, or preservatives that customers like. Thus, the optimal storage conditions for date–milk drinks were achieved at a date percentage of 25% w/w and a storage temperature of 1 °C for 10 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. The Effects of Thermal and Pulsed Electric Field Processing on the Physicochemical and Microbial Properties of a High-Fiber, Nutritious Beverage from a Milk-Based Date Powder.

Author

Younis, Mahmoud, Mohamed Ahmed, Isam A., Ahmed, Khaled A., Yehia, Hany M., Abdelkarim, Diaeldin O., Alhamdan, Abdulla, and Elfeky, Ahmed

Subjects
*FOOD pasteurization, *ELECTRIC fields, *POWDERS, *ELECTRIC field effects
Abstract

The effects of pulsed electric field treatment and thermal pasteurization on the microbial and physical properties of a high-fiber, nutritional milk-based beverage made with date powder were studied. Four ratios of date powder (10, 15, 20, and 25 w/w) were added to the milk, which was then kept at 5 °C for 6 days for the thermal pasteurization and the control treatments. The pulsed electric field treatment had three levels of pulses (20, 50, and 80 pulses) and four ratios of date powder, 10, 15, 20, and 25% (w/w), and then kept at 5 °C for 6 days. The samples were evaluated for the pH, total soluble solids (TSS), total color difference (ΔE), and total viable count (TVC) during their shelf life. The pH values of the beverages in the control treatment were 5.58, 5.45, 5.33, and 5.29 and 6.68, 6.48, 6.26, and 5.87 in the thermal treatment after 6 days, with powder ratios of 10, 15, 20, and 25% (w/w), respectively. The pH values of the beverages in the pulsed electric field treatment were 6.8, 6.64, 6.56, and 6.28 at 80 pulses after 6 days, with powder ratios of 10, 15, 20, and 25% (w/w), respectively. The TVCs in the control treatment were 6.2, 5.44, 4.5, and 3.94 log10 CFU/mL and 4.02, 3.92, 3.54, and 3.31 log10 CFU/mL in the thermal treatment after 6 days, with powder ratios of 10, 15, 20, and 25% (w/w), respectively. The TVCs of the beverages in the pulsed electric field treatment were 1.53, 1.11, 0.665, and 0.511 log10 CFU/mL at 80 pulses after 6 days, with powder ratios of 10, 15, 20, and 25% (w/w), respectively. This shows that following treatment with a pulsed electric field at 80 pulses, a milk-based drink with date powder and no preservatives can be kept at 5 °C for up to 6 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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18. Synthesis of Green Copper Nanoparticles Using Medicinal Plant Krameria sp. Root Extract and Its Applications

Author

Farrag, Shifaa O. Alshammari, Sabry Younis Mahmoud, and Eman Saleh

Subjects
nanoparticles, copper, antimicrobial, antioxidant, green synthesis, Krameria sp
Abstract

Nanotechnology is one of the most dynamic research areas and the fastest-growing market. Developing eco-friendly products using available resources to acquire maximum production, better yield, and stability is a great challenge for nanotechnology. In this study, copper nanoparticles (CuNP) were synthesized via the green method using root extract of the medical plant Rhatany (Krameria sp.) as a reducing and capping agent and used to investigate the influence of microorganisms. The maximum production of CuNP was noted at 70 °C after 3 h of reaction time. The formation of nanoparticles was confirmed through UV-spectrophotometer, and the product showed an absorbance peak in the 422–430 nm range. The functional groups were observed using the FTIR technique, such as isocyanic acid attached to stabilize the nanoparticles. The spherical nature and average crystal sizes of the particle (6.16 nm) were determined using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) analysis. In tests with a few drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria and fungus species, CuNP showed encouraging antimicrobial efficacy. CuNP had a significant antioxidant capacity of 83.81% at 200 g/m−1. Green synthesized CuNP are cost-effective and nontoxic and can be applied in agriculture, biomedical, and other fields.

Published
2023
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20. منهج الانتقاء التطوري في العمارة الكفؤة للطاقة

Author

Younis Mahmoud M.Saleem Saleem and Mohammed Hussein Salih Salih

Subjects
كفاءة استهلاك الطاقة, المحاكاة الحاسوبية, الخوارزمية الجينية, الإضاءة الطبيعية, الراحة الحرارية, Architectural engineering. Structural engineering of buildings, TH845-895
Abstract

ولد تزايد الطلب على الطاقة الى تأثيرات سلبية على البيئة نتيجة حرق الوقود الاحفوري، ولكون المباني المستهلك الرئيس للطاقة، فقد دعي لإجراء الدراسات من اجل إنشاء مباني كفؤة في الاستهلاك، فكانت التكنولوجيا متمثلة بالأدوات الرقمية للمحاكاة، حاضرة مع المصمم في انتخاب الحلول التصميمية لتحقيق هدف الوصول للتصميم الاكفأ. وهو ليس بالأمر السهل، في ظل صعوبات كم النماذج ذات الخصائص التصميمية المتعارضة التأثير فيما بينها، الواجب محاكاتها وتقييمها، بجهد ووقت كبيرين. هي الأسباب التي حدت من فاعلية تطبيق (منهج المحاكاة الحاسوبية التقليدي) خصوصاً للمشاريع الكبيرة، ليبرز (منهج الخوارزمية الجينية) كبديل فعال لتقييم التصاميم وتحسينها، بخطوات آلية لتبادل المتغيرات التصميمية بين النماذج الكفؤة وانتاج نماذج أكثر كفاءة بخطوات مماثلة لخطوات التطور الجيني للكائنات الحية. الا ان ضعف الاغناء المعرفي لآلية تطبيق هذا المنهج غيبه في البحوث والممارسات المعمارية المحلية، خصوصاً المرتبطة بمجال البيئة، لتبرز المشكلة البحثية: "ضعف الوضوح المعرفي عن طبيعة منهج الخوارزميات الجينية في انشاء نماذج ذات حلول تصميمية عالية الكفاءة مقارنة بالمنهج التقليدي ضمن الواقع المحلي"، ليتحدد هدف البحث: "الكشف عن طبيعة منهج الخوارزمية الجينية وتطبيقه لإنشاء حلول تصميمية محلية ذات كفاءة عالية بأقل وقت وجهد مقارنة بالمنهج التقليدي". اعتمد البحث منهج الكشف عن الآلية التطبيقية للخوارزمية الجينية في حل المشكلات التصميمية وانشاء مقارنة بين تطبيق (منهج المحاكاة الحاسوبية التقليدي) ومنهج (الخوارزمية الجينية في المحاكاة) على أنموذج افتراضي لفضاء معماري ضمن البيئة المحلية، لتحديد المنهج الاكفأ لإنشاء تصميم يحقق التوازن بين الخصائص التصميمية من حيث (نسبة مساحة الشباك الى مساحة الجدار) و(اختيار التوجيه الامثل) بما يضمن توفير اعلى معدلات للإضاءة الطبيعية وبأقل مقدار للكسب الحراري الشمسي داخل الفضاء، ومقارنة الوقت المستغرق لإنجاز العمل على وفق كلا المنهجين. ليتوصل البحث الى عدد من الاستنتاجات تمحورت حول كفاءة اعتماد منهج الخوارزمية الجينية من حيث اختصار الوقت ودقة النتائج مقارنة بالمنهج التقليدي.

Published
2019

21. Techno-economical study of solar water pumping system: optimum design, evaluation, and comparison

Author

Kazem Hussein A., Quteishat Anas, and Younis Mahmoud A.

Subjects
Energy conservation, TJ163.26-163.5, Renewable energy sources, TJ807-830
Abstract

Solar water pumping systems are fundamental entities for water transmission and storage purposes whether it is has been used in irrigation or residential applications. The use of photovoltaic (PV) panels to support the electrical requirements of these pumping systems has been executed globally for a long time. However, introducing optimization sizing techniques to such systems can benefit the end-user by saving money, energy, and time. This paper proposed solar water pumping systems optimum design for Oman. The design, and evaluation have been carried out through intuitive, and numerical methods. Based on hourly meteorological data, the simulation used both HOMER software and numerical method using MATLAB code to find the optimum design. The selected location ambient temperature variance from 12.8 °C to 44.5 °C over the year and maximum insolation is 7.45 kWh/m2/day, respectively. The simulation results found the average energy generated, annual yield factor, and a capacity factor of the proposed system is 2.9 kWh, 2016.66 kWh/kWp, and 22.97%, respectively, for a 0.81 kW water pump, which is encouraging compared with similar studied systems. The capital cost of the system is worth it, and the cost of energy has compared with other systems in the literature. The comparison shows the cost of energy to be in favor of the MATLAB simulation results with around 0.24 USD/kWh. The results show successful operation and performance parameters, along with cost evaluation, which proves that PV water pumping systems are promising in Oman.

Published
2021
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22. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) Optimization of Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Pasteurization Process of Milk-Date Beverage.

Author

Younis, Mahmoud, Ahmed, Khaled A., Ahmed, Isam A. Mohamed, Yehia, Hany M., Abdelkarim, Diaeldin O., Alhamdan, Abdulla, Elfeky, Ahmed, and Ibrahim, Mansour N.

Subjects
FOOD pasteurization, RESPONSE surfaces (Statistics), NATURAL sweeteners, ELECTRIC fields, SWEETENERS
Abstract

Milk beverage with added natural sweetener is well appreciated by consumers as a nutritious and healthy product with unique sensorial quality attributes. However, this product requires a suitable pasteurization method without significant impact on the sensorial and physicochemical quality characteristics of the product. This study optimizes the pulsed electric filed (PEF) conditions for the pasteurization of a milk-date beverage with conserved physicochemical quality properties. The effect of process variables, such as pulse off time (20, 30, and 40 μs), number of pulses (20, 50, and 80), powder ratio (10, 15, 20, and 25% w/w), storage time (2, 4, and 6 days), and storage temperature (5, 15, and 25 °C) on the responses of total viable count (TVC), color difference (∆E), pH, and total soluble solids (TSS) was evaluated using the RSM central composite design (CCD). Pulse off time, number of pulses, date powder/milk ratio (w/w), storage time, and storage temperature greatly impacted the microbial and physical properties of the beverage. The optimal conditions for decreasing the microbiological load and physical change of beverages were a pulse off time of 40 μs, number of pulses of 80, and storage temperature of 5 °C for all powder ratios. These variables gave a safe beverage for up to six days. At optimal conditions, the values of pH, TSS, ∆E, and TVC were 7.51, 15.44 °Brix, 18.01, and 0.138 Log 10 CFU/mL, respectively, for the powder ratio of 10% (w/w); 7.66, 18.6 °Brix, 21.46, and 0.284 Log 10 CFU/mL, respectively, for the powder ratio of 15% (w/w); 7.56, 21.52 °Brix, 25.24, and 0.577 Log 10 CFU/mL, respectively, for the powder ratio of 20% (w/w); and 7.2, 24.2 °Brix, 29.34, and 0.741 Log 10 CFU/mL, respectively, for the powder ratio of 25% (w/w). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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26. The efficiency of some active ingredients of Arum Palaestinum as inhibitors to 3CLpro and Nsp15 proteins

Author

Fadel Wedian, Morad Mustafa Dr, Hammad K. Aldal'in Dr, Ghassab M. Al-Mazaideh Dr, Sabry Younis Mahmoud Dr, Eman Saleh Farrag Dr, Mohammed Gharaibeh Dr, Thameen Hijawi Dr, Fuad Al-Rimawi Dr, Jehad Abbadi Dr, Mohammed Helmy Faris Shalayel Dr, Nadeem A. Siddique Dr, Haya Ayyal Salman Ms, and Mohammed Ayed Huneif Dr

Subjects
Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Science
Published
2022
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27. Daylight Design Graphs for Baghdad City Sky

Author

Younis Mahmoud Saleem

Subjects
Architectural engineering. Structural engineering of buildings, TH845-895
Abstract

Baghdad city constitutes one of the areas have clear sky with complex and ununiform distribution of light in the sky dome. This was one of the explanations why there is few studies concern with daylighting design in clear skies, from there, this research oriented to devise a new method that can assist in achieving the appropriate levels of lighting for interior spaces. The aim of this research is tempted to find a method that can help designers in achieving the appropriate levels of daylight in architectural spaces with different forms and sizes. The annual distribution rate of daylight was calculated for the horizontal surfaces of different orientations and unobstructed horizontal surface Furthermore account the Intensity of sky light and sun light on vertical surfaces of building facades opposite to the windows. Been reached a number of Graphs as protractor used with architectural drawings (horizontal plans and vertical sections), and by adopting of such Graphs, designers can measure the levels of daylight in any points within the space. Applied this method on a number of design characteristics of shape and direct the window and measure its influence in enlightened points within the space as their distance changes away from window. The research found a number of conclusions linked between the predictability of the distribution of daylighting levels within the space and pattern of distribution of windows within its

Published
2018

28. Design of Horizontal Shading Devices for Baghdad city's

Author

Younis Mahmoud Saleem

Subjects
Architectural engineering. Structural engineering of buildings, TH845-895
Abstract

The use of sun control and shading devices is an important aspect of many energy-efficient building design strategies, where the shading of the building is the first step in the passive cooling systems in buildings. So the starting point of cooling systems is to reduce the solar heat gain by prevent solar radiation from entering the building in the hot period in the same time allow the daylight and benefit from achieving passive heating in cold period. This research interested with design of horizontal shading devices for buildings in Baghdad city. The research problem identified as the need to study the factors influence in deign horizontal shading devices and determining their dimensions. The research aimed to study the horizontal shading device in simple method because this device is the most effective and most commonly used among other types of shading devices. The research analyses the local affecting variables comprising the outside air temperature and intensity of solar radiation during the warm and cold months in Baghdad city. The study prepared for architectural designer the suitable values of extending the shading devices according to orientation, as well as the predictability of the design efficiency of all size of shading devices placed over the windows. The method of this research applied of design horizontal sun breakers with windows in different orientation, which showed the space of flexibility and possibilities in the design of shading devices. The research reach a number of conclusions presented as guideline to assist the designers in making decisions about the use of horizontal shading devices in different design cases.

Published
2018

31. Mind wandering at encoding, but not at retrieval, disrupts one-shot stimulus-control learning

Author

Tobias Egner, Paul Seli, Younis Mahmoud, and Peter S. Whitehead

Subjects
Linguistics and Language, Task switching, Episodic memory, Memory, Episodic, Mind wandering, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Cognition, Article, Sensory Systems, Language and Linguistics, Stimulus (psychology), Pupillometry, Encoding (memory), Cognitive control, Mind-wandering, Humans, Learning, Attention, Stimulus control, Psychology, Cognitive psychology
Abstract

The one-shot pairing of a stimulus with a specific cognitive control process, such as task switching, can bind the two together in memory. The episodic control-binding hypothesis posits that the formation of temporary stimulus-control bindings, which are held in event-files supported by episodic memory, can guide the contextually appropriate application of cognitive control. Across two experiments, we sought to examine the role of task-focused attention in the encoding and implementation of stimulus-control bindings in episodic event-files. In Experiment 1, we obtained self-reports of mind wandering during encoding and implementation of stimulus-control bindings. Results indicated that, whereas mind wandering during the implementation of stimulus-control bindings does not decrease their efficacy, mind wandering during the encoding of these control-state associations interferes with their successful deployment at a later point. In Experiment 2, we complemented these results by using trial-by-trial pupillometry to measure attention, again demonstrating that attention levels at encoding predict the subsequent implementation of stimulus-control bindings better than attention levels at implementation. These results suggest that, although encoding stimulus-control bindings in episodic memory requires active attention and engagement, once encoded, these bindings are automatically deployed to guide behavior when the stimulus recurs. These findings expand our understanding of how cognitive control processes are integrated into episodic event files. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.3758/s13414-021-02343-9.

Published
2021
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33. Biomedical Applications of Quantum Dots: Overview, Challenges, and Clinical Potential

Author

Abdellatif,Ahmed AH, Younis,Mahmoud A, Alsharidah,Mansour, Al Rugaie,Osamah, and Tawfeek,Hesham M

Subjects
International Journal of Nanomedicine
Abstract

Ahmed AH Abdellatif,1,2 Mahmoud A Younis,3 Mansour Alsharidah,4 Osamah Al Rugaie,5 Hesham M Tawfeek3 1Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71524, Egypt; 3Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt; 4Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia; 5Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Al Qassim, 51911, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Ahmed AH Abdellatif, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia, Email a.abdellatif@qu.edu.sa Hesham M Tawfeek, Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt, Email heshamtawfeek@aun.edu.egAbstract: Despite the massive advancements in the nanomedicines and their associated research, their translation into clinically-applicable products is still below promises. The latter fact necessitates an in-depth evaluation of the current nanomedicines from a clinical perspective to cope with the challenges hampering their clinical potential. Quantum dots (QDs) are semiconductors-based nanomaterials with numerous biomedical applications such as drug delivery, live imaging, and medical diagnosis, in addition to other applications beyond medicine such as in solar cells. Nevertheless, the power of QDs is still underestimated in clinics. In the current article, we review the status of QDs in literature, their preparation, characterization, and biomedical applications. In addition, the market status and the ongoing clinical trials recruiting QDs are highlighted, with a special focus on the challenges limiting the clinical translation of QDs. Moreover, QDs are technically compared to other commercially-available substitutes. Eventually, we inspire the technical aspects that should be considered to improve the clinical fate of QDs.Graphical Abstract: Keywords: quantum dots, clinical translation, clinical trials, in vivo imaging, photodynamic therapy, biosensors

Published
2022

36. The efficiency of some active ingredients of Arum Palaestinum as inhibitors to 3CLpro and Nsp15 proteins

Author

Wedian, Fadel, primary, Dr, Morad Mustafa, additional, Dr, Hammad K. Aldal'in, additional, Dr, Ghassab M. Al-Mazaideh, additional, Dr, Sabry Younis Mahmoud, additional, Dr, Eman Saleh Farrag, additional, Dr, Mohammed Gharaibeh, additional, Dr, Thameen Hijawi, additional, Dr, Fuad Al-Rimawi, additional, Dr, Jehad Abbadi, additional, Dr, Mohammed Helmy Faris Shalayel, additional, Dr, Nadeem A. Siddique, additional, Ms, Haya Ayyal Salman, additional, and Dr, Mohammed Ayed Huneif, additional

Published
2022
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37. Role Of Uterine Artery Doppler For Prediction Of Fetal Outcome In Preeclamptic Patients

Author

Hany Adel Saber, Sabry Younis Mahmoud, Hazem Mohammed Abd El Gaffar, and Allam Mohamed Abd El Monem

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Fetus, Obstetrics, business.industry, medicine.disease, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, Preeclampsia, Obstetrics and gynaecology, medicine.artery, embryonic structures, Cohort, medicine, Fetal outcome, Gestation, Observational study, Uterine artery, business, reproductive and urinary physiology
Abstract

Objective: The aim of this prospective observational study is to assess the accuracy of Doppler indices of uterine artery during the third trimester in predicting poor fetal outcome in women with preeclampsia. Methods: Study design: Cohort observational study among women with preeclampsia. Study setting: One hundred cases who were at 32 to 40 weeks of gestation with preeclampsia(from March 2017 to March 2018) attended antenatal clinic and emergency room at obstetrics and gynecology department, faculty of medicine, Sohag University Hospital. Ultrasound was performed at the fetal care unit at Sohag University Hospital. Results: This observational cross-sectional study was designed to assess Doppler indices of uterine artery as predictor of neonatal outcomes among women with preeclampsia.A total of 100 pregnant women with preeclampsia were recruited in the study Conclusion: We recommend adding mean uterine artery Doppler indices to routine antepartum fetal surveillance from 32 weeks gestation for women with preeclampsia as there is a strong correlation between it and poor neonatal outcomes.

Published
2019
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39. In vitro anticancer potentiality and molecular modelling study of novel amino acid derivatives based on N1,N3-bis-(1-hydrazinyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl) isophthalamide

Author

Asmaa F. Kassem, Suliman A. Al-Yousef, Sabry Younis Mahmoud, Gaber O. Moustafa, Marwa M. Mounier, Eman S. Nossier, and Hemat S. Khalaf

Subjects
01 natural sciences, Normal cell, Drug Discovery, MTT assay, Pharmacology, chemistry.chemical_classification, amino acids, biology, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, lcsh:RM1-950, molecular docking, General Medicine, Combinatorial chemistry, Isophthalamide, Enzyme assay, In vitro, 0104 chemical sciences, Amino acid, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology, anticancer activity, Apoptosis, Cell culture, peptides, biology.protein, Research Paper
Abstract

A series of N1,N3-bis (1-oxopropan-2-yl) isophthalamide-based derivatives 4–16 were prepared and their structures were confirmed by different spectral tools. The cytotoxic potentiality of novel compounds 4–16 was assessed by the MTT assay method on colon, lung and breast tumour cell lines. Compound 5 gave the most significant specificity anticancer activity with safety response on normal cell lines. In vitro enzyme assay and several apoptotic parameters were examined to elucidate the mode of action of compound 5. Molecular docking studies also were simulated to put insight and give better understanding to its structural features.

Published
2019
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41. Comparison between Gamma Nail and Proximal Femoral Nail in Management of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fractures

Author

Ali Nassem Ali Mohamed, Ahmed Ismail Ahmed Hammouda, and Younis Mahmoud Mohamed Akl

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Gamma nail, business.industry, Femoral nail, medicine.medical_treatment, Significant difference, Osteoporosis, Implant failure, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Surgery, Radiological weapon, Medicine, Internal fixation, business, Prospective cohort study
Abstract

Background: Proximal femoral fractures have been on the rise with the increase in life expectancy and osteoporosis in the elderly population and road traffic accidents among the younger counterparts. Aim of the Work: To evaluate and compare the outcome f using Gamma nail and Proximal femoral nail in internal fixation of unstable intertrochanteric fractures regarding preoperative parameters, intraoperative variables, postoperative complications. Patient and Methodology: A prospective study on 30 cases suffering from unstable intertrochanteric fractures managed using either Gamma Nail or Proximal femoral nail to assess the functional and radiological results. Results: There was a significant difference found between the two groups regarding intraoperative blood loss (ml). There was no significant difference found between the two groups regarding DVT, Infection, Implant failure, and non-union. There was a significant difference found between the two groups regarding the Time of union (months). Conclusion: Our study showed that both gamma nail and proximal femoral nail are trusted implants for the surgical management of unstable trochanteric fractures in patients with a high rate of union but with differences in the time of union, less intraoperative blood loss, and fewer postoperative complications rate.

Published
2021
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42. Colchicine has Antidiabetic Effect and May be an Option for Type 2 Diabetes Management

Author

Younis, Mahmoud

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study is to show that if oral colchicine by a dose of 0.5 mg twice daily has an anti-diabetic effect in comparison to metformin and control. Design: A randomized, controlled trial, 6-month trial Materials and Methods:150 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients were randomized into 3 parallel groups, had been monitored in a private clinic, each group 50 patients number, with 30 females and 20 males after written consent from all patients. The ages of all patients were between 35 and 55 years. Results: The results show that both colchicine and metformin have a lowering effect on A1C with a statistically significant p-value of less than 0.0001. Conclusion: Colchicine may be considered as an option for type 2 diabetes management.

Published
2020
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43. Radiofrequency ablation, A new paradigm for the treatment of adenomyosis: Case series

Author

mamdouh elsemary ayed, Hisham Abdelghany, Sabry Younis Mahmoud, Medhat Ibrahim, and allam mohamed

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Hysterectomy, medicine.diagnostic_test, Transvaginal ultrasonography, business.industry, Radiofrequency ablation, Pelvic pain, medicine.medical_treatment, Magnetic resonance imaging, medicine.disease, Ablation, law.invention, Uterine artery embolization, law, medicine, Adenomyosis, Radiology, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Adenomyosis is a challenging clinical condition that is commonly being diagnosed in women of reproductive age. To date, many aspects of the disease have not been fully understood, making management increasingly difficult. Heavy menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhea are the typical symptoms of adenomyosis, occurring in approximately 60 and 25 percent of women, respectively. The diagnosis of adenomyosis is based mainly on transvaginal ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).A thickness of the junctional zone of at least 12 mm is the most frequent MRI criterion in establishing the presence of adenomyosis. Adenomyosis can appear as a diffuse or focal form. Although hysterectomy is a definitive treatment option, minimally invasive treatment methods have been developed as more women desire uterine preservation for future fertility or to avoid major surgery. Several uterine-sparing treatment options are now available, including medication, hysteroscopic resection or ablation, conservative surgical methods, high-intensity focused ultrasound, uterine artery embolization and radiofrequency ablation each with its own risks and benefits.

Published
2019
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44. أثر برنامج إرشادي في تعزيز التوافق الزواجي لدى طلبة كلية التربية

Author

Ahmed Younis Mahmoud Al-Bajari

Abstract

يهدف البحث التعرف على أثر برنامج إرشادي في تعزيز التوافق ألزواجي لدى طلبة كلية التربية ، تكونت عينة البحث من ( 16) طالباً وطالبة من طلبة المرحلة الثالثة قسم علم النفس / كلية التربية / جامعة الموصل. والذين لديهم مشكلة حسب مقياس التوافق ألزواجي ، فقد عدّت درجاتهم اختباراً قبلياً، ثم وزعوا عشوائياً بالتساوي إلى مجموعتين المجموعة الأولى التجريبية تلقى أفرادها التدريب على برنامج إرشادي من خلال الإرشاد الجماعي وتكون البرنامج من (12) جلسة إرشادية والمجموعة الثانية الضابطة لم يتلقَ أفرادها أي تدريب، وباستخدام اختبار ولكوكسن لعينتين مترابطتين واختبار مان وتني لعينتين مستقلتين، أظهرت النتائج وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية لصالح المجموعة التجريبية وبدلالة بلغت (0,05) بعد تلقي أفرادها التدريب على البرنامج الإرشادي وفي ضوء نتائج البحث وضعت مجموعة من التوصيات والمقترحات.

Published
2018
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46. GABA Agonist Baclofen Increases Beta cell Mass and C Peptide Level in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes

Author

Younis, Mahmoud

Subjects
GABA, Beta cells, diabetes, peptides
Abstract

Introduction: While diabetes continues to grow as a worldwide major health problem, its cause is obviously simple: β-cell failure. In type 1 diabetes (T1D), β cells are destroyed by autoimmunity, while in type 2 diabetes (T2D), there is a failure of β cells to compensate insulin resistance. Most cases of type 1 diabetes are due to autoimmunity, in the sense that patients often exhibit the features of an immunological contribution to disease (eg, autoantibodies or gene binding with genes that control immune responses). Nevertheless, many patients with type 1 diabetes don't have these features, resulting in proposed classifications for type 1A (autoimmune) diabetes. It is considered that renewal of normal beta cell mass and function could abolish diabetes. GABA is an essential neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. GABA is produced by pancreatic β-cells. It is elucidated that GABA takes part in preserving the β cell mass and in conserving β cells from death. Detects that long-range GABA treatment results in a considerable increase in c peptide levels. Materials and methods: two groups of type 1 diabetes patients had been monitored in a private clinic. In patients who were on baclofen tablets, there were significant differences between c peptide levels before and after treatment with p-value < 0.0001. In patients who were on insulin only, there were no significant differences between c peptide levels. Conclusion: GABA agonist baclofen may increase beta cell mass and c peptide levels in patients with type 1 diabetes., {"references":["Al-Hasani et al., 2013 K. Al-Hasani, A. Pfeifer, M. Courtney, N. Ben-Othman, E. Gjernes, A. Vieira, N.Druelle, F. Avolio, P. Ravassard, G. Leuckx, et al. Dev. Cell, 26 (2013), pp. 86-1001.","Leslie RD. Predicting adult-onset autoimmune diabetes: clarity from complexity. Diabetes. 2010; 59:330–31.","Mark A Atkinson, PhD, Prof, George S Eisenbarth, MD, Prof, and Aaron W Michels, MD.Type 1 diabetes, Lancet. 2014 Jan 4; 383(9911): 69–82.Published online 2013 Jul 26. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60591-7.","Petitti DB, Klingensmith GJ, Bell RA, Andrews JS, Dabelea D, Imperatore G, Marcovina S, Pihoker C, Standiford D, Waitzfelder B, Mayer-Davis E. SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study Group: Glycemic control in youth with diabetes: The SEARCH for diabetes in Youth Study. J Pediatr. 2009; 155:668–672.","Eisenbarth GS. Update in type 1 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007; 92:2403–7.","Gianani R, Campbell-Thompson M, Sarkar SA, et al. Dimorphic histopathology of long-standing childhood-onset diabetes. Diabetologia. 2010; 53:690–98.","Pipeleers D, et al. Restoring a functional beta-cell mass in diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2008; 10(suppl 4):54–62.","Meier JJ, et al. Direct evidence of attempted beta cell regeneration in an 89-year-old patient with recent-onset type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2006; 49:1838–1844.","Liese, A.D., R.B. D'Agostino, Jr., and R. Hamman, The burden of diabetes mellitus among US youth; prevalence estimates from the SEARCH for diabetes in youth study. Pediatrics, 2006. 118(4): p. 1510-18.","International Diabetes Federation. IDF diabetes atlas. 8th ed. Brussells: International Diabetes Federation; 2017."]}

Published
2019
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47. Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Author

Gregory A Roth, Degu Abate, Kalkidan Hassen Abate, Solomon M Abay, Cristiana Abbafati, Nooshin Abbasi, Hedayat Abbastabar, Foad Abd-Allah, Jemal Abdela, Ahmed Abdelalim, Ibrahim Abdollahpour, Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Haftom Temesgen Abebe, Molla Abebe, Zegeye Abebe, Ayenew Negesse Abejie, Semaw F Abera, Olifan Zewdie Abil, Haftom Niguse Abraha, Aklilu Roba Abrham, Laith Jamal Abu-Raddad, Manfred Mario Kokou Accrombessi, Dilaram Acharya, Abdu A Adamu, Oladimeji M Adebayo, Rufus Adesoji Adedoyin, Victor Adekanmbi, Olatunji O Adetokunboh, Beyene Meressa Adhena, Mina G Adib, Amha Admasie, Ashkan Afshin, Gina Agarwal, Kareha M Agesa, Anurag Agrawal, Sutapa Agrawal, Alireza Ahmadi, Mehdi Ahmadi, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Sayem Ahmed, Amani Nidhal Aichour, Ibtihel Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine Aichour, Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari, Rufus Olusola Akinyemi, Nadia Akseer, Ziyad Al-Aly, Ayman Al-Eyadhy, Rajaa M Al-Raddadi, Fares Alahdab, Khurshid Alam, Tahiya Alam, Animut Alebel, Kefyalew Addis Alene, Mehran Alijanzadeh, Reza Alizadeh-Navaei, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, Ala'a Alkerwi, François Alla, Peter Allebeck, Jordi Alonso, Khalid Altirkawi, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Azmeraw T Amare, Leopold N Aminde, Erfan Amini, Walid Ammar, Yaw Ampem Amoako, Nahla Hamed Anber, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Sofia Androudi, Megbaru Debalkie Animut, Mina Anjomshoa, Hossein Ansari, Mustafa Geleto Ansha, Carl Abelardo T Antonio, Palwasha Anwari, Olatunde Aremu, Johan Ärnlöv, Amit Arora, Monika Arora, Al Artaman, Krishna K Aryal, Hamid Asayesh, Ephrem Tsegay Asfaw, Zerihun Ataro, Suleman Atique, Sachin R Atre, Marcel Ausloos, Euripide F G A Avokpaho, Ashish Awasthi, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla, Yohanes Ayele, Rakesh Ayer, Peter S Azzopardi, Arefeh Babazadeh, Umar Bacha, Hamid Badali, Alaa Badawi, Ayele Geleto Bali, Katherine E Ballesteros, Maciej Banach, Kajori Banerjee, Marlena S Bannick, Joseph Adel Mattar Banoub, Miguel A Barboza, Suzanne Lyn Barker-Collo, Till Winfried Bärnighausen, Simon Barquera, Lope H Barrero, Quique Bassat, Sanjay Basu, Bernhard T Baune, Habtamu Wondifraw Baynes, Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi, Neeraj Bedi, Ettore Beghi, Masoud Behzadifar, Meysam Behzadifar, Yannick Béjot, Bayu Begashaw Bekele, Abate Bekele Belachew, Ezra Belay, Yihalem Abebe Belay, Michelle L Bell, Aminu K Bello, Derrick A Bennett, Isabela M Bensenor, Adam E Berman, Eduardo Bernabe, Robert S Bernstein, Gregory J Bertolacci, Mircea Beuran, Tina Beyranvand, Ashish Bhalla, Suraj Bhattarai, Soumyadeeep Bhaumik, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Belete Biadgo, Molly H Biehl, Ali Bijani, Boris Bikbov, Ver Bilano, Nigus Bililign, Muhammad Shahdaat Bin Sayeed, Donal Bisanzio, Tuhin Biswas, Brigette F Blacker, Berrak Bora Basara, Rohan Borschmann, Cristina Bosetti, Kayvan Bozorgmehr, Oliver J Brady, Luisa C Brant, Carol Brayne, Alexandra Brazinova, Nicholas J K Breitborde, Hermann Brenner, Paul Svitil Briant, Gabrielle Britton, Traolach Brugha, Reinhard Busse, Zahid A Butt, Charlton S K H Callender, Ismael R Campos-Nonato, Julio Cesar Campuzano Rincon, Jorge Cano, Mate Car, Rosario Cárdenas, Giulia Carreras, Juan J Carrero, Austin Carter, Félix Carvalho, Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela, Jacqueline Castillo Rivas, Chris D Castle, Clara Castro, Franz Castro, Ferrán Catalá-López, Ester Cerin, Yazan Chaiah, Jung-Chen Chang, Fiona J Charlson, Pankaj Chaturvedi, Peggy Pei-Chia Chiang, Odgerel Chimed-Ochir, Vesper Hichilombwe Chisumpa, Abdulaal Chitheer, Rajiv Chowdhury, Hanne Christensen, Devasahayam J Christopher, Sheng-Chia Chung, Flavia M Cicuttini, Liliana G Ciobanu, Massimo Cirillo, Aaron J Cohen, Leslie Trumbull Cooper, Paolo Angelo Cortesi, Monica Cortinovis, Ewerton Cousin, Benjamin C Cowie, Michael H Criqui, Elizabeth A Cromwell, Christopher Stephen Crowe, John A Crump, Matthew Cunningham, Alemneh Kabeta Daba, Abel Fekadu Dadi, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dandona, Anh Kim Dang, Paul I Dargan, Ahmad Daryani, Siddharth K Das, Rajat Das Gupta, José Das Neves, Tamirat Tesfaye Dasa, Aditya Prasad Dash, Adrian C Davis, Nicole Davis Weaver, Dragos Virgil Davitoiu, Kairat Davletov, Fernando Pio De La Hoz, Jan-Walter De Neve, Meaza Girma Degefa, Louisa Degenhardt, Tizta T Degfie, Selina Deiparine, Gebre Teklemariam Demoz, Balem Betsu Demtsu, Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez, Kebede Deribe, Nikolaos Dervenis, Don C Des Jarlais, Getenet Ayalew Dessie, Subhojit Dey, Samath D Dharmaratne, Daniel Dicker, Mesfin Tadese Dinberu, Eric L Ding, M Ashworth Dirac, Shirin Djalalinia, Klara Dokova, David Teye Doku, Christl A Donnelly, E Ray Dorsey, Pratik P Doshi, Dirk Douwes-Schultz, Kerrie E Doyle, Tim R Driscoll, Manisha Dubey, Eleonora Dubljanin, Eyasu Ejeta Duken, Bruce B Duncan, Andre R Duraes, Hedyeh Ebrahimi, Soheil Ebrahimpour, Dumessa Edessa, David Edvardsson, Anne Elise Eggen, Charbel El Bcheraoui, Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, Ziad El-Khatib, Hajer Elkout, Christian Lycke Ellingsen, Matthias Endres, Aman Yesuf Endries, Benjamin Er, Holly E Erskine, Babak Eshrati, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Reza Esmaeili, Alireza Esteghamati, Mahdi Fakhar, Hamed Fakhim, Mahbobeh Faramarzi, Mohammad Fareed, Farzaneh Farhadi, Carla Sofia E sá Farinha, Andre Faro, Maryam S Farvid, Farshad Farzadfar, Mohammad Hosein Farzaei, Valery L Feigin, Andrea B Feigl, Netsanet Fentahun, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Eduarda Fernandes, Joao C Fernandes, Alize J Ferrari, Garumma Tolu Feyissa, Irina Filip, Samuel Finegold, Florian Fischer, Christina Fitzmaurice, Nataliya A Foigt, Kyle J Foreman, Carla Fornari, Tahvi D Frank, Takeshi Fukumoto, John E Fuller, Nancy Fullman, Thomas Fürst, João M Furtado, Neal D Futran, Silvano Gallus, Alberto L Garcia-Basteiro, Miguel A Garcia-Gordillo, William M Gardner, Abadi Kahsu Gebre, Tsegaye Tewelde Gebrehiwot, Amanuel Tesfay Gebremedhin, Bereket Gebremichael, Teklu Gebrehiwo Gebremichael, Tilayie Feto Gelano, Johanna M Geleijnse, Ricard Genova-Maleras, Yilma Chisha Dea Geramo, Peter W Gething, Kebede Embaye Gezae, Mohammad Rasoul Ghadami, Reza Ghadimi, Khalil Ghasemi Falavarjani, Maryam Ghasemi-Kasman, Mamata Ghimire, Katherine B Gibney, Paramjit Singh Gill, Tiffany K Gill, Richard F Gillum, Ibrahim Abdelmageed Ginawi, Maurice Giroud, Giorgia Giussani, Shifalika Goenka, Ellen M Goldberg, Srinivas Goli, Hector Gómez-Dantés, Philimon N Gona, Sameer Vali Gopalani, Taren M Gorman, Atsushi Goto, Alessandra C Goulart, Elena V Gnedovskaya, Ayman Grada, Giuseppe Grosso, Harish Chander Gugnani, Andre Luiz Sena Guimaraes, Yuming Guo, Prakash C Gupta, Rahul Gupta, Rajeev Gupta, Tanush Gupta, Reyna Alma Gutiérrez, Bishal Gyawali, Juanita A Haagsma, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, Tekleberhan B Hagos, Tewodros Tesfa Hailegiyorgis, Gessessew Bugssa Hailu, Arvin Haj-Mirzaian, Arya Haj-Mirzaian, Randah R Hamadeh, Samer Hamidi, Alexis J Handal, Graeme J Hankey, Hilda L Harb, Sivadasanpillai Harikrishnan, Josep Maria Haro, Mehedi Hasan, Hadi Hassankhani, Hamid Yimam Hassen, Rasmus Havmoeller, Roderick J Hay, Simon I Hay, Yihua He, Akbar Hedayatizadeh-Omran, Mohamed I Hegazy, Behzad Heibati, Mohsen Heidari, Delia Hendrie, Andualem Henok, Nathaniel J Henry, Claudiu Herteliu, Fatemeh Heydarpour, Pouria Heydarpour, Sousan Heydarpour, Desalegn Tsegaw Hibstu, Hans W Hoek, Michael K Hole, Enayatollah Homaie Rad, Praveen Hoogar, H Dean Hosgood, Seyed Mostafa Hosseini, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Mihaela Hostiuc, Sorin Hostiuc, Peter J Hotez, Damian G Hoy, Thomas Hsiao, Guoqing Hu, John J Huang, Abdullatif Husseini, Mohammedaman Mama Hussen, Susan Hutfless, Bulat Idrisov, Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Usman Iqbal, Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani, Caleb Mackay Salpeter Irvine, Nazrul Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Farhad Islami, Kathryn H Jacobsen, Leila Jahangiry, Nader Jahanmehr, Sudhir Kumar Jain, Mihajlo Jakovljevic, Moti Tolera Jalu, Spencer L James, Mehdi Javanbakht, Achala Upendra Jayatilleke, Panniyammakal Jeemon, Kathy J Jenkins, Ravi Prakash Jha, Vivekanand Jha, Catherine O Johnson, Sarah C Johnson, Jost B Jonas, Ankur Joshi, Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak, Suresh Banayya Jungari, Mikk Jürisson, Zubair Kabir, Rajendra Kadel, Amaha Kahsay, Rizwan Kalani, Manoochehr Karami, Behzad Karami Matin, André Karch, Corine Karema, Hamidreza Karimi-Sari, Amir Kasaeian, Dessalegn H Kassa, Getachew Mullu Kassa, Tesfaye Dessale Kassa, Nicholas J Kassebaum, Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi, Anil Kaul, Zhila Kazemi, Ali Kazemi Karyani, Dhruv Satish Kazi, Adane Teshome Kefale, Peter Njenga Keiyoro, Grant Rodgers Kemp, Andre Pascal Kengne, Andre Keren, Chandrasekharan Nair Kesavachandran, Yousef Saleh Khader, Behzad Khafaei, Morteza Abdullatif Khafaie, Alireza Khajavi, Nauman Khalid, Ibrahim A Khalil, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Muhammad Shahzeb Khan, Muhammad Ali Khan, Young-Ho Khang, Mona M Khater, Abdullah T Khoja, Ardeshir Khosravi, Mohammad Hossein Khosravi, Jagdish Khubchandani, Aliasghar A Kiadaliri, Getiye D Kibret, Zelalem Teklemariam Kidanemariam, Daniel N Kiirithio, Daniel Kim, Young-Eun Kim, Yun Jin Kim, Ruth W Kimokoti, Yohannes Kinfu, Adnan Kisa, Katarzyna Kissimova-Skarbek, Mika Kivimäki, Ann Kristin Skrindo Knudsen, Jonathan M Kocarnik, Sonali Kochhar, Yoshihiro Kokubo, Tufa Kolola, Jacek A Kopec, Parvaiz A Koul, Ai Koyanagi, Michael A Kravchenko, Kewal Krishan, Barthelemy Kuate Defo, Burcu Kucuk Bicer, G Anil Kumar, Manasi Kumar, Pushpendra Kumar, Michael J Kutz, Igor Kuzin, Hmwe Hmwe Kyu, Deepesh P Lad, Sheetal D Lad, Alessandra Lafranconi, Dharmesh Kumar Lal, Ratilal Lalloo, Tea Lallukka, Jennifer O Lam, Faris Hasan Lami, Van C Lansingh, Sonia Lansky, Heidi J Larson, Arman Latifi, Kathryn Mei-Ming Lau, Jeffrey V Lazarus, Georgy Lebedev, Paul H Lee, James Leigh, Mostafa Leili, Cheru Tesema Leshargie, Shanshan Li, Yichong Li, Juan Liang, Lee-Ling Lim, Stephen S Lim, Miteku Andualem Limenih, Shai Linn, Shiwei Liu, Yang Liu, Rakesh Lodha, Chris Lonsdale, Alan D Lopez, Stefan Lorkowski, Paulo A Lotufo, Rafael Lozano, Raimundas Lunevicius, Stefan Ma, Erlyn Rachelle King Macarayan, Mark T Mackay, Jennifer H MacLachlan, Emilie R Maddison, Fabiana Madotto, Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek, Muhammed Magdy Abd El Razek, Dhaval P Maghavani, Marek Majdan, Reza Majdzadeh, Azeem Majeed, Reza Malekzadeh, Deborah Carvalho Malta, Ana-Laura Manda, Luiz Garcia Mandarano-Filho, Helena Manguerra, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Chabila Christopher Mapoma, Dadi Marami, Joemer C Maravilla, Wagner Marcenes, Laurie Marczak, Ashley Marks, Guy B Marks, Gabriel Martinez, Francisco Rogerlândio Martins-Melo, Ira Martopullo, Winfried März, Melvin B Marzan, Joseph R Masci, Benjamin Ballard Massenburg, Manu Raj Mathur, Prashant Mathur, Richard Matzopoulos, Pallab K Maulik, Mohsen Mazidi, Colm McAlinden, John J McGrath, Martin McKee, Brian J McMahon, Suresh Mehata, Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Ravi Mehrotra, Kala M Mehta, Varshil Mehta, Tefera C Mekonnen, Addisu Melese, Mulugeta Melku, Peter T N Memiah, Ziad A Memish, Walter Mendoza, Desalegn Tadese Mengistu, Getnet Mengistu, George A Mensah, Seid Tiku Mereta, Atte Meretoja, Tuomo J Meretoja, Tomislav Mestrovic, Haftay Berhane Mezgebe, Bartosz Miazgowski, Tomasz Miazgowski, Anoushka I Millear, Ted R Miller, Molly Katherine Miller-Petrie, G K Mini, Parvaneh Mirabi, Mojde Mirarefin, Andreea Mirica, Erkin M Mirrakhimov, Awoke Temesgen Misganaw, Habtamu Mitiku, Babak Moazen, Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad, Moslem Mohammadi, Noushin Mohammadifard, Mohammed A Mohammed, Shafiu Mohammed, Viswanathan Mohan, Ali H Mokdad, Mariam Molokhia, Lorenzo Monasta, Ghobad Moradi, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Mehdi Moradinazar, Paula Moraga, Lidia Morawska, Ilais Moreno Velásquez, Joana Morgado-Da-Costa, Shane Douglas Morrison, Marilita M Moschos, Simin Mouodi, Seyyed Meysam Mousavi, Kindie Fentahun Muchie, Ulrich Otto Mueller, Satinath Mukhopadhyay, Kate Muller, John Everett Mumford, Jonah Musa, Kamarul Imran Musa, Ghulam Mustafa, Saravanan Muthupandian, Jean B Nachega, Gabriele Nagel, Aliya Naheed, Azin Nahvijou, Gurudatta Naik, Sanjeev Nair, Farid Najafi, Luigi Naldi, Hae Sung Nam, Vinay Nangia, Jobert Richie Nansseu, Bruno Ramos Nascimento, Gopalakrishnan Natarajan, Nahid Neamati, Ionut Negoi, Ruxandra Irina Negoi, Subas Neupane, Charles R J Newton, Frida N Ngalesoni, Josephine W Ngunjiri, Anh Quynh Nguyen, Grant Nguyen, Ha Thu Nguyen, Huong Thanh Nguyen, Long Hoang Nguyen, Minh Nguyen, Trang Huyen Nguyen, Emma Nichols, Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum, Yirga Legesse Nirayo, Molly R Nixon, Nomonde Nolutshungu, Shuhei Nomura, Ole F Norheim, Mehdi Noroozi, Bo Norrving, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Hamid Reza Nouri, Malihe Nourollahpour Shiadeh, Mohammad Reza Nowroozi, Peter S Nyasulu, Christopher M Odell, Richard Ofori-Asenso, Felix Akpojene Ogbo, In-Hwan Oh, Olanrewaju Oladimeji, Andrew T Olagunju, Pedro R Olivares, Helen Elizabeth Olsen, Bolajoko Olubukunola Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun Olusanya, Kanyin L Ong, Sok King Sk Ong, Eyal Oren, Heather M Orpana, Alberto Ortiz, Justin R Ortiz, Stanislav S Otstavnov, Simon Øverland, Mayowa Ojo Owolabi, Raziye Özdemir, Mahesh P A, Rosana Pacella, Smita Pakhale, Abhijit P Pakhare, Amir H Pakpour, Adrian Pana, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Jeyaraj Durai Pandian, Andrea Parisi, Eun-Kee Park, Charles D H Parry, Hadi Parsian, Shanti Patel, Sanghamitra Pati, George C Patton, Vishnupriya Rao Paturi, Katherine R Paulson, Alexandre Pereira, David M Pereira, Norberto Perico, Konrad Pesudovs, Max Petzold, Michael R Phillips, Frédéric B Piel, David M Pigott, Julian David Pillay, Meghdad Pirsaheb, Farhad Pishgar, Suzanne Polinder, Maarten J Postma, Akram Pourshams, Hossein Poustchi, Ashwini Pujar, Swayam Prakash, Narayan Prasad, Caroline A Purcell, Mostafa Qorbani, Hedley Quintana, D Alex Quistberg, Kirankumar Waman Rade, Amir Radfar, Anwar Rafay, Alireza Rafiei, Fakher Rahim, Kazem Rahimi, Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar, Mahfuzar Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Rajesh Kumar Rai, Sasa Rajsic, Usha Ram, Chhabi Lal Ranabhat, Prabhat Ranjan, Puja C Rao, David Laith Rawaf, Salman Rawaf, Christian Razo-García, K Srinath Reddy, Robert C Reiner, Marissa B Reitsma, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Andre M N Renzaho, Serge Resnikoff, Satar Rezaei, Shahab Rezaeian, Mohammad Sadegh Rezai, Seyed Mohammad Riahi, Antonio Luiz P Ribeiro, Maria Jesus Rios-Blancas, Kedir Teji Roba, Nicholas L S Roberts, Stephen R Robinson, Leonardo Roever, Luca Ronfani, Gholamreza Roshandel, Ali Rostami, Dietrich Rothenbacher, Ambuj Roy, Enrico Rubagotti, Perminder S Sachdev, Basema Saddik, Ehsan Sadeghi, Hosein Safari, Mahdi Safdarian, Sare Safi, Saeid Safiri, Rajesh Sagar, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, Nasir Salam, Joseph S Salama, Payman Salamati, Raphael De Freitas Saldanha, Zikria Saleem, Yahya Salimi, Sundeep Santosh Salvi, Inbal Salz, Evanson Zondani Sambala, Abdallah M Samy, Juan Sanabria, Maria Dolores Sanchez-Niño, Damian Francesco Santomauro, Itamar S Santos, João Vasco Santos, Milena M Santric Milicevic, Bruno Piassi Sao Jose, Abdur Razzaque Sarker, Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suárez, Nizal Sarrafzadegan, Benn Sartorius, Shahabeddin Sarvi, Brijesh Sathian, Maheswar Satpathy, Arundhati R Sawant, Monika Sawhney, Sonia Saxena, Mehdi Sayyah, Elke Schaeffner, Maria Inês Schmidt, Ione J C Schneider, Ben Schöttker, Aletta Elisabeth Schutte, David C Schwebel, Falk Schwendicke, James G Scott, Mario Sekerija, Sadaf G Sepanlou, Edson Serván-Mori, Seyedmojtaba Seyedmousavi, Hosein Shabaninejad, Katya Anne Shackelford, Azadeh Shafieesabet, Mehdi Shahbazi, Amira A Shaheen, Masood Ali Shaikh, Mehran Shams-Beyranvand, Mohammadbagher Shamsi, Morteza Shamsizadeh, Kiomars Sharafi, Mehdi Sharif, Mahdi Sharif-Alhoseini, Rajesh Sharma, Jun She, Aziz Sheikh, Peilin Shi, Mekonnen Sisay Shiferaw, Mika Shigematsu, Rahman Shiri, Reza Shirkoohi, Ivy Shiue, Farhad Shokraneh, Mark G Shrime, Si Si, Soraya Siabani, Tariq J Siddiqi, Inga Dora Sigfusdottir, Rannveig Sigurvinsdottir, Donald H Silberberg, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, João Pedro Silva, Natacha Torres Da Silva, Dayane Gabriele Alves Silveira, Jasvinder A Singh, Narinder Pal Singh, Prashant Kumar Singh, Virendra Singh, Dhirendra Narain Sinha, Karen Sliwa, Mari Smith, Badr Hasan Sobaih, Soheila Sobhani, Eugène Sobngwi, Samir S Soneji, Moslem Soofi, Reed J D Sorensen, Joan B Soriano, Ireneous N Soyiri, Luciano A Sposato, Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy, Vinay Srinivasan, Jeffrey D Stanaway, Vladimir I Starodubov, Vasiliki Stathopoulou, Dan J Stein, Caitlyn Steiner, Leo G Stewart, Mark A Stokes, Michelle L Subart, Agus Sudaryanto, Mu'awiyyah Babale Sufiyan, Patrick John Sur, Ipsita Sutradhar, Bryan L Sykes, P N Sylaja, Dillon O Sylte, Cassandra E I Szoeke, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Takahiro Tabuchi, Santosh Kumar Tadakamadla, Ken Takahashi, Nikhil Tandon, Segen Gebremeskel Tassew, Nuno Taveira, Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi, Tigist Gashaw Tekalign, Merhawi Gebremedhin Tekle, Mohamad-Hani Temsah, Omar Temsah, Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi, Manaye Yihune Teshale, Belay Tessema, Gizachew Assefa Tessema, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, Sathish Thirunavukkarasu, Nihal Thomas, Amanda G Thrift, George D Thurston, Binyam Tilahun, Quyen G To, Ruoyan Tobe-Gai, Marcello Tonelli, Roman Topor-Madry, Anna E Torre, Miguel Tortajada-Girbés, Mathilde Touvier, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Bach Xuan Tran, Khanh Bao Tran, Suryakant Tripathi, Christopher E Troeger, Thomas Clement Truelsen, Nu Thi Truong, Afewerki Gebremeskel Tsadik, Derrick Tsoi, Lorainne Tudor Car, E Murat Tuzcu, Stefanos Tyrovolas, Kingsley N Ukwaja, Irfan Ullah, Eduardo A Undurraga, Rachel L Updike, Muhammad Shariq Usman, Olalekan A Uthman, Selen Begüm Uzun, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Afsane Vaezi, Gaurang Vaidya, Pascual R Valdez, Elena Varavikova, Tommi Juhani Vasankari, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Santos Villafaina, Francesco S Violante, Sergey Konstantinovitch Vladimirov, Vasily Vlassov, Stein Emil Vollset, Theo Vos, Gregory R Wagner, Fasil Shiferaw Wagnew, Yasir Waheed, Mitchell Taylor Wallin, Judd L Walson, Yanping Wang, Yuan-Pang Wang, Molla Mesele Wassie, Elisabete Weiderpass, Robert G Weintraub, Fitsum Weldegebreal, Kidu Gidey Weldegwergs, Andrea Werdecker, Adhena Ayaliew 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Subjects
Overview, Disease, Territory, Causes of death, humanities
Abstract

Global development goals increasingly rely on country-specific estimates for benchmarking a nation's progress. To meet this need, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2016 estimated global, regional, national, and, for selected locations, subnational cause-specific mortality beginning in the year 1980. Here we report an update to that study, making use of newly available data and improved methods. GBD 2017 provides a comprehensive assessment of cause-specific mortality for 282 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1980 to 2017. The Lancet Publishing Group

Published
2019

48. First report of Tomato brown rugose fruit virus on tomato in Egypt

Author

M.A. Amer and Sabry Younis Mahmoud

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Tomato brown rugose fruit virus, Plant Science, 030108 mycology & parasitology, Biology, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Horticulture, Das elisa, Solanum, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

In June 2019, leaf samples from hybrid tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Elquds E448) were collected from four regions in Fayoum and Ismailia Governorates, Egypt. Twenty samples were collected from plants with viral symptoms and nine from…

Published
2020
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49. تصميم المانعة الشمسية الافقية في مباني مدينة بغداد

Author

Younis Mahmoud Saleem

Subjects
Mathematics
Abstract

ان استخدام السيطرة الشمسية ووسائل التظليل هو جانب مهم للعديد من ست ا رتيجيات تصميم المباني الكفوء للطاقة، حيثيعتبر تظليل المبنى الخطوة الاولى ضمن الانظمة الطبيعية لتبريد المبنى. فنقطة البداية لأنظمة تبريد المبنى هي تقليلالكسب الح ا رري الشمسي بمنع الاشعة الشمسية من الدخول الى المبنى في المواسم الح ارة فضلاً عن امكانياتها لإدخالالضوء الطبيعي والاستفادة منها في تحقيق التدفئة الذاتية للمبنى في المواسم الباردة.اهتم هذا البحث بجانب تصميم المانعة الشمسية الافقية لمباني مدينة بغداد. وتم تحديد المشكلة البحثية ب: الحاجة لد ا رسةالعوامل الم ؤثرة في تصميم وتحديد الابعاد الملاءمة للمانعات بما ينسجم مع الحالات المختلفة للمباني في مدينة بغداد،هدف البحث الى د ا رسة المانعات الافقية الخارجية والعوامل الم ؤثرة في تصميمها كونها المانعات الاكثر فعالية والاكثراستخداماً من بين بقية الانواع من المانعات.تمّ تحليل المتغي ا رت المؤثرة في تصميم المانعات الشمسية وهي درجة ح ا ررة الهواء الخارجي وشدة الاشعاع الشمسي خلالالاشهر الحارة والباردة لمدينة بغداد. جهز البحث للمصمم المعماري القيم الملاءمة لإمتداد المانعات الشمسية وفقاًللتوجيهات المختلفة، علاوة على امكانية التنبؤ بقياس كفاءة جميع احجام المانعات الشمسية الافقية التي توضع فوقالشبابيك. طبقت الطريقة الخاصة بالبحث على تصميم مانعات شمس لشبابيك ذات توجيهات مختلفة أظهرت خلالهامجالات المرونة والامكانيات المتاحة في تصميم المانعة الشمسية الافقية.توصل البحث الى عدد من الاستنتاجات طرحت بهيئة خطوط استرشادية للمصمم تساعده في اتخاذ ق ا ر ا رت حول استخدامالمانعات الشمسية في الحالات التصميمية المختلفة.

Published
2018
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50. مخططات تصميم الانارة الطبيعية لحالة سماء مدينة بغداد

Author

Younis Mahmoud Saleem

Abstract

تشكل مدينة بغداد إحدى المناطق ذات السماء الصافية والتوزيع غير المتجانس للإن ارة في ظروفها الخارجية. ولقلة الد ا رسات المهتمة بتصميم الانارة الطبيعية في السماء الصافية، فقد توجه هذا البحث الى الاهتمام بجانب تصميم الان ارةالطبيعية. وحدد الهدف بمحاولة إيجاد طريقة يمكن ان تساعد المصممين في تحقيق المستويات الملائمة للإنارة الطبيعيةداخل الفضاءآت المعمارية باختلاف أشكالها واحجامها.تم حساب المعدل السنوي لتوزيع الاستضاءة السماوية على الاسطح الافقية المختلفة التوجيه والسطح الافقي غيرالمعاق علاوة على حساب شدة الاضاءة السماوية والشمسية الساقطة على الاسطح العمودية لواجهات الابنية المقابلةللشبابيك.توصل البحث الى طريقة يمكن خلالها تقدير مستوى الإن ارة الطبيعية في نقاط منتخبة داخل الفضاء تحت ظروفالسماء الصافية لمدينة بغداد. شملت الطريقة الخاصة بالبحث إنشاء عدد من المخططات على هيئة منقلات تستخدم معالرسوم المعمارية للفضاءآت (المخططات الافقية والمقاطع العمودية) وبإعتماد هذه المنقلات يمكن قياس مستوياتالانارة الطبيعية لنقاط في موقع العمل داخل الفضاء.طبقت هذه الطريقة على عدد من الخصائص التصميمية لشكل فتحة الشباك وتوجيهه وتم قياس أثر ذلك في تغيرمستويات استنارة النقاط داخل الفضاء عند تغير بعدها عن فتحات الشبابيك. اتجهت استنتاجات البحث نحو الربط بينامكانية التنبؤ بتوزيع مستويات الانارة الطبيعية داخل الفضاء ونمط توزيع الشبابيك ضمن جد ا رنه المختلفة.

Published
2018
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