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76,446 results on '"Yi Y."'

1. Vegetation optical depth as a key predictor for fire risk escalation

Author

Dinuka Kankanige, Yi Y. Liu, and Ashish Sharma

Subjects
Fire danger index, Vegetation dynamics, Fire risk increment, Time series forecast, Information technology, T58.5-58.64, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Excluding direct consideration of vegetation dynamics reduces the accuracy in fire risk estimation. Satellite retrievals of vegetation dynamics can enhance the fire risk prediction when used as indicators of fuel water status and fuel load. However, the fire risk-vegetation relationship carries complexities as different mechanisms dominate during fire risk escalation and decline, with vegetation responding differently to each process. This study investigates whether vegetation parameters can be utilized in fire risk prediction in the absence of fire weather information, and how they can be utilized to effectively reflect on the fire risk increment from a minimum point, which is the concern in bushfire occurrence. Using the McArthur Forest Fire Danger Index (FFDI) as a measure of fire danger, a clear association with the satellite-observed vegetation optical depth (VOD) was noted for segments illustrating risk increment. An application over Australia showed clear improvements when incorporating VOD into a predictive model as compared to the use of fire risk persistence alone. On average, the VOD-induced predictive model exhibited better performance than the persistence model when evaluated over a 12-month lead span. The former model showed higher Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) in 55.6% of pixels that indicated VOD causes FFDI. The latter performed better only in 18.2% of those pixels. Across the entire spatial domain, from the first to the ninth lead month, the VOD-induced model showed higher mean NSE (0.65 ± 0.23 to 0.52 ± 0.34) and lower or nearly equal mean root mean square error (RMSE) (4.6 ± 3.7 to 7.9 ± 5.4) than the persistence model. Our study provides insights on fire risk escalation in fire-prone regions in the absence of fire weather data. With further improvements, the proposed method can serve as a foundation for developing a novel forecast index solely based on time series data of fire risk and vegetation dynamics.

Published
2025
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2. A magneto-activated nanoscale cytometry platform for molecular profiling of small extracellular vesicles

Author

Kangfu Chen, Bill T. V. Duong, Sharif U. Ahmed, Piriththiv Dhavarasa, Zongjie Wang, Mahmoud Labib, Connor Flynn, Jingya Xu, Yi Y. Zhang, Hansen Wang, Xiaolong Yang, Jagotamoy Das, Hossein Zargartalebi, Yuan Ma, and Shana O. Kelley

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Exosomal PD-L1 (exoPD-L1) has recently received significant attention as a biomarker predicting immunotherapeutic responses involving the PD1/PD-L1 pathway. However, current technologies for exosomal analysis rely primarily on bulk measurements that do not consider the heterogeneity found within exosomal subpopulations. Here, we present a nanoscale cytometry platform NanoEPIC, enabling phenotypic sorting and exoPD-L1 profiling from blood plasma. We highlight the efficacy of NanoEPIC in monitoring anti-PD-1 immunotherapy through the interrogation of exoPD-L1. NanoEPIC generates signature exoPD-L1 patterns in responders and non-responders. In mice treated with PD1-targeted immunotherapy, exoPD-L1 is correlated with tumor growth, PD-L1 burden in tumors, and the immune suppression of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) with different PD-L1 expression levels display distinctive inhibitory effects on CD8 + T cells. NanoEPIC offers robust, high-throughput profiling of exosomal markers, enabling sEV subpopulation analysis. This platform holds the potential for enhanced cancer screening, personalized treatment, and therapeutic response monitoring.

Published
2023
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3. HRS mediates tumor immune evasion by regulating proteostasis-associated interferon pathway activation

Author

Wei Zhang, Jiegang Yang, Beike Wang, Youtao Lu, Jingbo Yang, Wenqun Zhong, Ziyan Yu, Zhiyuan Qin, Bolin Xiao, Kuiming Wang, Yi Y. Ma, Ravi Amaravadi, Meenhard Herlyn, Junhyong Kim, Xiaowei Xu, and Wei Guo

Subjects
CP: Cancer, CP: Immunology, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Summary: By sorting receptor tyrosine kinases into endolysosomes, the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRTs) are thought to attenuate oncogenic signaling in tumor cells. Paradoxically, ESCRT members are upregulated in tumors. Here, we show that disruption of hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (HRS), a pivotal ESCRT component, inhibited tumor growth by promoting CD8+ T cell infiltration in melanoma and colon cancer mouse models. HRS ablation led to misfolded protein accumulation and triggered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, resulting in the activation of the type I interferon pathway in an inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α)/X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1)-dependent manner. HRS was upregulated in tumor cells with high tumor mutational burden (TMB). HRS expression associates with the response to PD-L1/PD-1 blockade therapy in melanoma patients with high TMB tumors. HRS ablation sensitized anti-PD-1 treatment in mouse melanoma models. Our study shows a mechanism by which tumor cells with high TMB evade immune surveillance and suggests HRS as a promising target to improve immunotherapy.

Published
2023
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4. An adverse outcome pathway for lung surfactant function inhibition leading to decreased lung function

Author

Emilie Da Silva, Ulla Vogel, Karin S. Hougaard, Jesus Pérez-Gil, Yi Y. Zuo, and Jorid B. Sørli

Subjects
Adverse outcome pathway, Inhalation, Lung surfactant, New approach methodology, Alternative method, Nanomaterials, Toxicology. Poisons, RA1190-1270
Abstract

Inhaled substances, such as consumer products, chemicals at the workplace, and nanoparticles, can affect the lung function in several ways. In this paper, we explore the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) that starts when inhaled substances that reach the alveoli inhibit the function of the lung surfactant, and leads to decreased lung function. Lung surfactant covers the inner surface of the alveoli, and regulates the surface tension at the air–liquid interface during breathing. The inhibition of the lung surfactant function leads to alveolar collapse because of the resulting high surface tension at the end of expiration. The collapsed alveoli can be re-opened by inspiration, but this re-opening causes shear stress on cells covering the alveoli. This can damage the alveolar-capillary membrane integrity, allowing blood components to enter the alveolar airspace. Blood components, such as albumin, can interact with the lung surfactant and further inhibit its function. The collapse of the alveoli is responsible for a decrease in the surface area available for blood oxygenation, and it reduces the volume of air that can be inhaled and exhaled. These different key events lead to decreased lung function, characterized by clinical signs of respiratory toxicity and reduced blood oxygenation. Here we present the weight of evidence that supports the AOP, and we give an overview of the methods available in vitro and in vivo to measure each key event of the pathway, and how this AOP can potentially be used in screening for inhalation toxicity.

Published
2021
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5. Advanced 4D-bioprinting technologies for brain tissue modeling and study

Author

Timothy J. Esworthy, Shida Miao, Se-Jun Lee, Xuan Zhou, Haitao Cui, Yi Y. Zuo, and Lijie Grace Zhang

Subjects
4D bioprinting, smart materials, brain, cortical folding, gyrification, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492
Abstract

Although the process by which the cortical tissues of the brain fold has been the subject of considerable study and debate over the past few decades, a single mechanistic description of the phenomenon has yet to be fully accepted. Rather, two competing explanations of cortical folding have arisen in recent years; known as the axonal tension and the differential tangential expansion models. In the present review, these two models are introduced by analyzing the computational, theoretical, materials-based, and cell studies which have yielded them. Then Four-dimensional bioprinting is presented as a powerful technology which can not only be used to test both models of cortical folding de novo, but can also be used to explore the reciprocal effects that folding associated mechanical stresses may have on neural development. Therein, the fabrication of ‘smart’ tissue models which can accurately simulate the in vivo folding process and recapitulate physiologically relevant stresses are introduced. We also provide a general description of both cortical neurobiology as well as the cellular basis of cortical folding. Our discussion also entails an overview of both 3D and 4D bioprinting technologies, as well as a brief commentary on recent advancements in printed central nervous system tissue engineering.

Published
2019
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6. Individually Addressed Entangling Gates in a Two-Dimensional Ion Crystal

Author

Hou, Y. -H., Yi, Y. -J., Wu, Y. -K., Chen, Y. -Y., Zhang, L., Wang, Y., Xu, Y. -L., Zhang, C., Mei, Q. -X., Yang, H. -X., Ma, J. -Y., Guo, S. -A., Ye, J., Qi, B. -X., Zhou, Z. -C., Hou, P. -Y., and Duan, L. -M.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) ion crystals have become a promising way to scale up qubit numbers for ion trap quantum information processing. However, to realize universal quantum computing in this system, individually addressed high-fidelity two-qubit entangling gates still remain challenging due to the inevitable micromotion of ions in a 2D crystal as well as the technical difficulty in 2D addressing. Here we demonstrate two-qubit entangling gates between any ion pairs in a 2D crystal of four ions. We use symmetrically placed crossed acousto-optic deflectors (AODs) to drive Raman transitions and achieve an addressing crosstalk error below 0.1%. We design and demonstrate a gate sequence by alternatingly addressing two target ions, making it compatible with any single-ion addressing techniques without crosstalk from multiple addressing beams. We further examine the gate performance versus the micromotion amplitude of the ions and show that its effect can be compensated by a recalibration of the laser intensity without degrading the gate fidelity. Our work paves the way for ion trap quantum computing with hundreds to thousands of qubits on a 2D ion crystal.

Published
2024

7. Land use change and El Niño-Southern Oscillation drive decadal carbon balance shifts in Southeast Asia

Author

Masayuki Kondo, Kazuhito Ichii, Prabir K. Patra, Joseph G. Canadell, Benjamin Poulter, Stephen Sitch, Leonardo Calle, Yi Y. Liu, Albert I. J. M. van Dijk, Tazu Saeki, Nobuko Saigusa, Pierre Friedlingstein, Almut Arneth, Anna Harper, Atul K. Jain, Etsushi Kato, Charles Koven, Fang Li, Thomas A. M. Pugh, Sönke Zaehle, Andy Wiltshire, Frederic Chevallier, Takashi Maki, Takashi Nakamura, Yosuke Niwa, and Christian Rödenbeck

Subjects
Science
Abstract

The carbon balance in Southeast Asia is highly uncertain. Here, the authors show that land use changes and occurrence of strong El Niño control decadal shifts in the carbon balance of this region.

Published
2018
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8. A Site-Resolved 2D Quantum Simulator with Hundreds of Trapped Ions

Author

Guo, S. -A., Wu, Y. -K., Ye, J., Zhang, L., Lian, W. -Q., Yao, R., Wang, Y., Yan, R. -Y., Yi, Y. -J., Xu, Y. -L., Li, B. -W., Hou, Y. -H., Xu, Y. -Z., Guo, W. -X., Zhang, C., Qi, B. -X., Zhou, Z. -C., He, L., and Duan, L. -M.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

A large qubit capacity and an individual readout capability are two crucial requirements for large-scale quantum computing and simulation. As one of the leading physical platforms for quantum information processing, the ion trap has achieved quantum simulation of tens of ions with site-resolved readout in 1D Paul trap, and that of hundreds of ions with global observables in 2D Penning trap. However, integrating these two features into a single system is still very challenging. Here we report the stable trapping of 512 ions in a 2D Wigner crystal and the sideband cooling of their transverse motion. We demonstrate the quantum simulation of long-range quantum Ising models with tunable coupling strengths and patterns, with or without frustration, using 300 ions. Enabled by the site resolution in the single-shot measurement, we observe rich spatial correlation patterns in the quasi-adiabatically prepared ground states, which allows us to verify quantum simulation results by comparing with the calculated collective phonon modes and with classical simulated annealing. We further probe the quench dynamics of the Ising model in a transverse field to demonstrate quantum sampling tasks. Our work paves the way for simulating classically intractable quantum dynamics and for running NISQ algorithms using 2D ion trap quantum simulators.

Published
2023

9. Thermal analysis of both ventilated and full disc brake rotors with frictional heat generation

Author

Belhocine A., Cho C.-D., Nouby M., Yi Y. B., and Abu Bakar A. R.

Subjects
brake disc, convection, heat-transfer coefficient, thermal analysis, stress, Mechanics of engineering. Applied mechanics, TA349-359
Abstract

In automotive engineering, the safety aspect has been considered as a number one priority in development of a new vehicle. Each single system has been studied and developed in order to meet safety requirements. Instead of having air bags, good suspension systems, good handling and safe cornering, one of the most critical systems in a vehicle is the brake system. The objective of this work is to investigate and analyze the temperature distribution of rotor disc during braking operation using ANSYS Multiphysics. The work uses the finite element analysis techniques to predict the temperature distribution on the full and ventilated brake discs and to identify the critical temperature of the rotor. The analysis also gives us the heat flux distribution for the two discs.

Published
2014

12. The Evaluation of Single-Sensor Surface Soil Moisture Anomalies over the Mainland of the People’s Republic of China

Author

Robert M. Parinussa, Guojie Wang, Yi Y. Liu, Daniel F. T. Hagan, Fenfang Lin, Robin van der Schalie, and Richard A. M. de Jeu

Subjects
soil moisture, passive microwaves, evaluation, Science
Abstract

In recent years, different space agencies have launched satellite missions that carry passive microwave instruments on-board that can measure surface soil moisture. Three currently operational missions are the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission developed by the European Space Agency (ESA), the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), and the Microwave Radiation Imager (MWRI) from China’s National Satellite Meteorological Centre (NSMC). In this study, the quality of surface soil moisture anomalies derived from these passive microwave instruments was sequentially assessed over the mainland of the People’s Republic of China. First, the impact of a recent update in the Land Parameter Retrieval Model (LPRM) was assessed for MWRI observations. Then, the soil moisture measurements retrieved from the X-band observations of MWRI were compared with those of AMSR2, followed by an internal comparison of the multiple frequencies of AMSR2. Finally, SMOS retrievals from two different algorithms were also included in the comparison. For each sequential step, processing and verification chains were specifically designed to isolate the impact of algorithm (version), observation frequency or instrument characteristics. Two verification techniques are used: the statistical Triple Collocation technique is used as the primary verification tool, while the precipitation-based Rvalue technique is used to confirm key results. Our results indicate a consistently better performance throughout the entire study area after the implementation of an update of the LPRM. We also find that passive microwave observations in the AMSR2 C-band frequency (6.9 GHz) have an advantage over the AMSR2 X-band frequency (10.7 GHz) over moderate to densely vegetated regions. This finding is in line with theoretical expectations as emitted soil radiation will become masked under a dense canopy with stricter thresholds for higher passive microwave frequencies. Both AMSR2 and MWRI make X-band observations; a direct comparison between them reveals a consistently higher quality obtained by AMSR2, specifically over semi-arid climate regimes. Unfortunately, Radio Frequency Interference hampers the usefulness of soil moisture products for the SMOS L-band mission, leading to a significantly reduced revisit time over the densely populated eastern part of the country. Nevertheless, our analysis demonstrates that soil moisture products from a number of multi-frequency microwave sensors are credible alternatives for this dedicated L-band mission over the mainland of the People’s Republic of China.

Published
2017
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13. Merging Alternate Remotely-Sensed Soil Moisture Retrievals Using a Non-Static Model Combination Approach

Author

Seokhyeon Kim, Robert M. Parinussa, Yi Y. Liu, Fiona M. Johnson, and Ashish Sharma

Subjects
dynamic, correlation coefficients, linear combination, soil moisture, AMSR2, JAXA, LPRM, Science
Abstract

Soil moisture is an important variable in the coupled hydrologic and climate system. In recent years, microwave-based soil moisture products have been shown to be a viable alternative to in situ measurements. A popular way to measure the performance of soil moisture products is to calculate the temporal correlation coefficient (R) against in situ measurements or other appropriate reference datasets. In this study, an existing linear combination method improving R was modified to allow for a non-static or nonstationary model combination as the basis for improving remotely-sensed surface soil moisture. Previous research had noted that two soil moisture products retrieved using the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and Land Parameter Retrieval Model (LPRM) algorithms from the same Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) sensor are spatially complementary in terms of R against a suitable reference over a fixed period. Accordingly, a linear combination was proposed to maximize R using a set of spatially-varying, but temporally-fixed weights. Even though this approach showed promising results, there was room for further improvements, in particular using non-static or dynamic weights that take account of the time-varying nature of the combination algorithm being approximated. The dynamic weighting was achieved by using a moving window. A number of different window sizes was investigated. The optimal weighting factors were determined for the data lying within the moving window and then used to dynamically combine the two parent products. We show improved performance for the dynamically-combined product over the static linear combination. Generally, shorter time windows outperform the static approach, and a 60-day time window is suggested to be the optimum. Results were validated against in situ measurements collected from 124 stations over different continents. The mean R of the dynamically-combined products was found to be 0.57 and 0.62 for the cases using the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis-Interim (ERA-Interim) and Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications Land (MERRA-Land) reanalysis products as the reference, respectively, outperforming the statically-combined products (0.55 and 0.54).

Published
2016
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14. Advantages of Using Microwave Satellite Soil Moisture over Gridded Precipitation Products and Land Surface Model Output in Assessing Regional Vegetation Water Availability and Growth Dynamics for a Lateral Inflow Receiving Landscape

Author

Tiexi Chen, Tim R. McVicar, Guojie Wang, Xing Chen, Richard A. M. de Jeu, Yi Y. Liu, Hong Shen, Fangmin Zhang, and Albertus J. Dolman

Subjects
remote sensing, soil moisture, precipitation, NDVI, vegetation, Science
Abstract

To improve the understanding of water–vegetation relationships, direct comparative studies assessing the utility of satellite remotely sensed soil moisture, gridded precipitation products, and land surface model output are needed. A case study was investigated for a water-limited, lateral inflow receiving area in northeastern Australia during December 2008 to May 2009. In January 2009, monthly precipitation showed strong positive anomalies, which led to strong positive soil moisture anomalies. The precipitation anomalies disappeared within a month. In contrast, the soil moisture anomalies persisted for months. Positive anomalies of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) appeared in February, in response to water supply, and then persisted for several months. In addition to these temporal characteristics, the spatial patterns of NDVI anomalies were more similar to soil moisture patterns than to those of precipitation and land surface model output. The long memory of soil moisture mainly relates to the presence of clay-rich soils. Modeled soil moisture from four of five global land surface models failed to capture the memory length of soil moisture and all five models failed to present the influence of lateral inflow. This case study indicates that satellite-based soil moisture is a better predictor of vegetation water availability than precipitation in environments having a memory of several months and thus is able to persistently affect vegetation dynamics. These results illustrate the usefulness of satellite remotely sensed soil moisture in ecohydrology studies. This case study has the potential to be used as a benchmark for global land surface model evaluations. The advantages of using satellite remotely sensed soil moisture over gridded precipitation products are mainly expected in lateral-inflow and/or clay-rich regions worldwide.

Published
2016
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15. Treatment outcomes and costs of a simplified antiviral treatment strategy for hepatitis C among monoinfected and HIV and/or hepatitis B virus‐co‐infected patients in Myanmar

Author

Thaung, Yin Min, Chasela, Charles S, Chew, Kara W, Minior, Thomas, Lwin, Aye A, Sein, Yi Y, Drame, Ndeye, Marange, Fadzai, van der Horst, Charles, Thwin, Hnin T, Freiman, Morgan J, Gandhi, Malini M, Bijl, Murdo, Kinge, Constance Wose, Rosen, Sydney, Thura, Si, Mohamed, Sofiane, Xulu, Thembisile, Naing, Aung Y, Barralon, Matthiue, Cavenaugh, Clint, Kyi, Khin P, Sanne, Ian, and Health, for EQUIP

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis, Substance Misuse, Liver Disease, Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis, Clinical Research, Health Services, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Behavioral and Social Science, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Digestive Diseases, Infectious Diseases, Drug Abuse (NIDA only), Hepatitis - C, Comparative Effectiveness Research, Brain Disorders, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Antiviral Agents, Coinfection, HIV Infections, Hepacivirus, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C, Hepatitis C, Chronic, Humans, Myanmar, Sofosbuvir, Sustained Virologic Response, Treatment Outcome, for EQUIP Health, HBV, HCV, HIV, people who inject drugs, sustained virologic response, Microbiology, Medical Microbiology, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Clinical sciences, Medical microbiology
Abstract

Access to hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing and treatment is limited in Myanmar. We assessed an integrated HIV and viral hepatitis testing and HCV treatment strategy. Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) ± weight-based ribavirin for 12 weeks was provided at three treatment sites in Myanmar and sustained virologic response (SVR) assessed at 12 weeks after treatment. Participants co-infected with HBV were treated concurrently with tenofovir. Cost estimates in 2018 USD were made at Yangon and Mandalay using standard micro-costing methods. 803 participants initiated SOF/VEL; 4.8% were lost to follow-up. SVR was achieved in 680/803 (84.6%) by intention-to-treat analysis. SVR amongst people who inject drugs (PWID) was 79.7% (381/497), but 92.5% among PWID on opioid substitution therapy (OST) (74/80), and 97.4% among non-PWID (298/306). Utilizing data from 492 participants, of whom 93% achieved SVR, the estimated average cost of treatment per patient initiated was $1030 (of which 54% were medication costs), with a production cost per successful outcome (SVR) of $1109 and real-world estimate of $1250. High SVR rates were achieved for non-PWID and PWID on OST. However, the estimated average cost of the intervention (under the assumption of no genotype testing and reduced real-world effectiveness) of $1250/patient is unaffordable for a national elimination strategy. Reductions in the cost of antivirals and linkage to social and behavioural health services including substance use disorder treatment to increase retention and adherence to treatment are critical to HCV elimination in this population.

Published
2021

19. Nitrogen and phosphorus constrain the CO2 fertilization of global plant biomass

Author

Terrer, César, Jackson, Robert B, Prentice, I Colin, Keenan, Trevor F, Kaiser, Christina, Vicca, Sara, Fisher, Joshua B, Reich, Peter B, Stocker, Benjamin D, Hungate, Bruce A, Peñuelas, Josep, McCallum, Ian, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A, Cernusak, Lucas A, Talhelm, Alan F, Van Sundert, Kevin, Piao, Shilong, Newton, Paul CD, Hovenden, Mark J, Blumenthal, Dana M, Liu, Yi Y, Müller, Christoph, Winter, Klaus, Field, Christopher B, Viechtbauer, Wolfgang, Van Lissa, Caspar J, Hoosbeek, Marcel R, Watanabe, Makoto, Koike, Takayoshi, Leshyk, Victor O, Polley, H Wayne, and Franklin, Oskar

Subjects
Plant Biology, Biological Sciences, Ecology, Climate Action, Atmospheric Sciences, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Environmental Science and Management
Abstract

Elevated CO2 (eCO2) experiments provide critical information to quantify the effects of rising CO2 on vegetation1–6. Many eCO2 experiments suggest that nutrient limitations modulate the local magnitude of the eCO2 effect on plant biomass1,3,5, but the global extent of these limitations has not been empirically quantified, complicating projections of the capacity of plants to take up CO27,8. Here, we present a data-driven global quantification of the eCO2 effect on biomass based on 138 eCO2 experiments. The strength of CO2 fertilization is primarily driven by nitrogen (N) in ~65% of global vegetation and by phosphorus (P) in ~25% of global vegetation, with N- or P-limitation modulated by mycorrhizal association. Our approach suggests that CO2 levels expected by 2100 can potentially enhance plant biomass by 12 ± 3% above current values, equivalent to 59 ± 13 PgC. The global-scale response to eCO2 we derive from experiments is similar to past changes in greenness9 and biomass10 with rising CO2, suggesting that CO2 will continue to stimulate plant biomass in the future despite the constraining effect of soil nutrients. Our research reconciles conflicting evidence on CO2 fertilization across scales and provides an empirical estimate of the biomass sensitivity to eCO2 that may help to constrain climate projections.

Published
2019

21. Production and Integration of the ATLAS Insertable B-Layer

Author

Abbott, B., Albert, J., Alberti, F., Alex, M., Alimonti, G., Alkire, S., Allport, P., Altenheiner, S., Ancu, L., Anderssen, E., Andreani, A., Andreazza, A., Axen, B., Arguin, J., Backhaus, M., Balbi, G., Ballansat, J., Barbero, M., Barbier, G., Bassalat, A., Bates, R., Baudin, P., Battaglia, M., Beau, T., Beccherle, R., Bell, A., Benoit, M., Bermgan, A., Bertsche, C., Bertsche, D., de Mendizabal, J. Bilbao, Bindi, F., Bomben, M., Borri, M., Bortolin, C., Bousson, N., Boyd, R., Breugnon, P., Bruni, G., Brossamer, J., Bruschi, M., Buchholz, P., Budun, E., Buttar, C., Cadoux, F., Calderini, G., Caminada, L., Capeans, M., Carney, R., Casse, G., Catinaccio, A., Cavalli-Sforza, M., Červ, M., Cervelli, A., Chau, C., Chauveau, J., Chen, S., Chu, M., Ciapetti, M., Cindro, V., Citterio, M., Clark, A., Cobal, M., Coelli, S., Collot, J., Crespo-Lopez, O., Betta, G. Dalla, Daly, C., D'Amen, G., Dann, N., Dao, V., Darbo, G., DaVia, C., David, P., Debieux, S., Delebecque, P., De Lorenzi, F., de Oliveira, R., Dette, K., Dietsche, W., Di Girolamo, B., Dinu, N., Dittus, F., Diyakov, D., Djama, F., Dobos, D., Dondero, P., Doonan, K., Dopke, J., Dorholt, O., Dube, S., Dzahini, D., Egorov, K., Ehrmann, O., Einsweiler, K., Elles, S., Elsing, M., Eraud, L., Ereditato, A., Eyring, A., Falchieri, D., Falou, A., Fausten, C., Favareto, A., Favre, Y., Feigl, S., Perez, S. Fernandez, Ferrere, D., Fleury, J., Flick, T., Forshaw, D., Fougeron, D., Franconi, L., Gabrielli, A., Gaglione, R., Gallrapp, C., Gan, K., Garcia-Sciveres, M., Gariano, G., Gastaldi, T., Gavrilenko, I., Gaudiello, A., Geffroy, N., Gemme, C., Gensolen, F., George, M., Ghislain, P., Giangiacomi, N., Gibson, S., Giordani, M., Giugni, D., Gjersdal, H., Glitza, K., Gnani, D., Godlewski, J., Gonella, L., Gonzalez-Sevilla, S., Gorelov, I., Gorišek, A., Gössling, C., Grancagnolo, S., Gray, H., Gregor, I., Grenier, P., Grinstein, S., Gris, A., Gromov, V., Grondin, D., Grosse-Knetter, J., Guescini, F., Guido, E., Gutierrez, P., Hallewell, G., Hartman, N., Hauck, S., Hasi, J., Hasib, A., Hegner, F., Heidbrink, S., Heim, T., Heinemann, B., Hemperek, T., Hessey, N., Hetmánek, M., Hinman, R., Hoeferkamp, M., Holmes, T., Hostachy, J., Hsu, S., Hügging, F., Husi, C., Iacobucci, G., Ibragimov, I., Idarraga, J., Ikegami, Y., Ince, T., Ishmukhametov, R., Izen, J. M., Janoška, Z., Janssen, J., Jansen, L., Jeanty, L., Jensen, F., Jentzsch, J., Jezequel, S., Joseph, J., Kagan, H., Kagan, M., Karagounis, M., Kass, R., Kastanas, A., Kenney, C., Kersten, S., Kind, P., Klein, M., Klingenberg, R., Kluit, R., Kocian, M., Koffeman, E., Korchak, O., Korolkov, I., Kostyukhina-Visoven, I., Kovalenko, S., Kretz, M., Krieger, N., Krüger, H., Kruth, A., Kugel, A., Kuykendall, W., La Rosa, A., Lai, C., Lantzsch, K., Lapoire, C., Laporte, D., Lari, T., Latorre, S., Leyton, M., Lindquist, B., Looper, K., Lopez, I., Lounis, A., Lu, Y., Lubatti, H., Maeland, S., Maier, A., Mallik, U., Manca, F., Mandelli, B., Mandić, I., Marchand, D., Marchiori, G., Marx, M., Massol, N., Mättig, P., Mayer, J., Goldrick, G. Mc, Mekkaoui, A., Menouni, M., Menu, J., Meroni, C., Mesa, J., Michal, S., Miglioranzi, S., Mikuž, M., Miucci, A., Mochizuki, K., Monti, M., Moore, J., Morettini, P., Morley, A., Moss, J., Muenstermann, D., Murray, P., Nakamura, K., Nellist, C., Nelson, D., Nessi, M., Nisius, R., Nordberg, M., Nuiry, F., Obermann, T., Ockenfels, W., Oide, H., Oriunno, M., Ould-Saada, F., Padilla, C., Pangaud, P., Parker, S., Pelleriti, G., Pernegger, H., Piacquadio, G., Picazio, A., Pohl, D., Polini, A., Pons, X., Popule, J., Bueso, X. Portell, Potamianos, K., Povoli, M., Puldon, D., Pylypchenko, Y., Quadt, A., Quayle, B., Rarbi, F., Ragusa, F., Rambure, T., Richards, E., Riegel, C., Ristic, B., Rivière, F., Rizatdinova, F., Røhne, O., Rossi, C., Rossi, L., Rovani, A., Rozanov, A., Rubinskiy, I., Rudolph, M., Rummler, A., Ruscino, E., Sabatini, F., Salek, D., Salzburger, A., Sandaker, H., Sannino, M., Sanny, B., Scanlon, T., Schipper, J., Schmidt, U., Schneider, B., Schorlemmer, A., Schroer, N., Schwemling, P., Sciuccati, A., Seidel, S., Seiden, A., Šícho, P., Skubic, P., Sloboda, M., Smith, D., Smith, M., Sood, A., Spencer, E., Stramaglia, M., Strauss, M., Stucci, S., Stugu, B., Stupak, J., Styles, N., Su, D., Takubo, Y., Tassan, J., Teng, P., Teixeira, A., Terzo, S., Therry, X., Todorov, T., Tomášek, M., Toms, K., Travaglini, R., Trischuk, W., Troncon, C., Troska, G., Tsiskaridze, S., Tsurin, I., Tsybychev, D., Unno, Y., Vacavant, L., Verlaat, B., Vigeolas, E., Vogt, M., Vrba, V., Vuillermet, R., Wagner, W., Walkowiak, W., Wang, R., Watts, S., Weber, M., Weingarten, J., Welch, S., Wenig, S., Wensing, M., Wermes, N., Wittig, T., Wittgen, M., Yildizkaya, T., Yang, Y., Yao, W., Yi, Y., Zaman, A., Zaidan, R., Zeitnitz, C., Ziolkowski, M., Zivkovic, V., Zoccoli, A., and Zwalinski, L.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

During the shutdown of the CERN Large Hadron Collider in 2013-2014, an additional pixel layer was installed between the existing Pixel detector of the ATLAS experiment and a new, smaller radius beam pipe. The motivation for this new pixel layer, the Insertable B-Layer (IBL), was to maintain or improve the robustness and performance of the ATLAS tracking system, given the higher instantaneous and integrated luminosities realised following the shutdown. Because of the extreme radiation and collision rate environment, several new radiation-tolerant sensor and electronic technologies were utilised for this layer. This paper reports on the IBL construction and integration prior to its operation in the ATLAS detector., Comment: 90 pages in total. Author list: ATLAS IBL Collaboration, starting page 2. 69 figures, 20 tables. Published in Journal of Instrumentation. All figures available at: https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PLOTS/PIX-2018-001

Published
2018
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22. Groundwater vulnerability in the Athabasca and Cold Lake oil sands regions: gaps, opportunties, and challenges.

Author

Birks, S.J., Gibson, J.J., Fennell, J.W., McClain, C.N., Sayanda, D., Bickerton, G., Yi, Y., and Castrillon-Munoz, F.

Subjects
OIL sands, GROUNDWATER quality, EQUILIBRIUM testing, TRACERS (Chemistry), CHEMICAL fingerprinting, GROUNDWATER monitoring
Abstract

Oil sands development in the Athabasca and Cold Lake oil sands regions of Alberta has raised concerns about potential impacts to groundwater and groundwater dependent ecosystems. This review summarizes the current state of understanding as to how oil sands mining and in situ activities can affect groundwater systems using a stressor-mechanism-response framework. Specific oil sands activities and practices are reviewed, and where possible, described in terms of how they can impact hydraulic head, the hydraulic properties of aquifers, recharge and transport of constituents of concern and linked to observed or potential impacts to groundwater quantity and quality. Groundwater is an important component of the water balance in boreal ecosystems, and specific vulnerabilities related to development are reviewed, including water use, landscape disturbance, groundwater withdrawals, tailings pond seepage, deep well disposal and thermal impacts. Knowledge gaps include lack of baseline data and monitoring of the quantity and quality of groundwater discharge to rivers, lakes and wetlands. One key monitoring challenge is attribution of hydrogeologic responses to specific oil sands stressors given the range of other natural and anthropogenic factors contributing to their variability. Quantitative groundwater exchange mapping, regional-scale isotope mass balance assessment, and broader incorporation of isotopic and geochemical tracers for fingerprinting water sources and incorporation of Indigenous Knowledge appear promising for improved effectiveness of monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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25. Land use change and El Niño-Southern Oscillation drive decadal carbon balance shifts in Southeast Asia.

Author

Kondo, Masayuki, Ichii, Kazuhito, Patra, Prabir K, Canadell, Joseph G, Poulter, Benjamin, Sitch, Stephen, Calle, Leonardo, Liu, Yi Y, van Dijk, Albert IJM, Saeki, Tazu, Saigusa, Nobuko, Friedlingstein, Pierre, Arneth, Almut, Harper, Anna, Jain, Atul K, Kato, Etsushi, Koven, Charles, Li, Fang, Pugh, Thomas AM, Zaehle, Sönke, Wiltshire, Andy, Chevallier, Frederic, Maki, Takashi, Nakamura, Takashi, Niwa, Yosuke, and Rödenbeck, Christian

Abstract

An integrated understanding of the biogeochemical consequences of climate extremes and land use changes is needed to constrain land-surface feedbacks to atmospheric CO2 from associated climate change. Past assessments of the global carbon balance have shown particularly high uncertainty in Southeast Asia. Here, we use a combination of model ensembles to show that intensified land use change made Southeast Asia a strong source of CO2 from the 1980s to 1990s, whereas the region was close to carbon neutral in the 2000s due to an enhanced CO2 fertilization effect and absence of moderate-to-strong El Niño events. Our findings suggest that despite ongoing deforestation, CO2 emissions were substantially decreased during the 2000s, largely owing to milder climate that restores photosynthetic capacity and suppresses peat and deforestation fire emissions. The occurrence of strong El Niño events after 2009 suggests that the region has returned to conditions of increased vulnerability of carbon stocks.

Published
2018

31. One-year effectiveness and safety outcomes of edoxaban treatment in Chinese patients with atrial fibrillation: First snapshot of more than 4,800 patients from the ETNA-AF-China study

Author

Guo, X Y, primary, Du, J, additional, Yin, Y H, additional, Heng, Q, additional, Jia, Z S, additional, Ji, X J, additional, Zhang, Y Q, additional, Liang, X, additional, Deng, B, additional, Liu, J Y, additional, Yi, Y, additional, Liu, M Q, additional, Chen, C, additional, Unverdorben, M, additional, and Ma, C S, additional

Published
2024
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33. Bringing the forest back: Restoration priorities in Colombia

Author

Williams, BA, Lopez-Cubillos, S, Ochoa-Quintero, JM, Crouzeilles, R, Villa-Pineros, M, Isaacs Cubides, PJ, Schmoeller, M, Marin, W, Tedesco, A, Bastos, D, Suarez-Castro, AF, Romero Jimenez, LH, Broadbent, EN, Almeyda Zambrano, AM, Vincent, JR, Yi, Y, Chazdon, RL, Watson, JEM, Urbano, EAN, Rodriguez, CAC, Beyer, HL, Williams, BA, Lopez-Cubillos, S, Ochoa-Quintero, JM, Crouzeilles, R, Villa-Pineros, M, Isaacs Cubides, PJ, Schmoeller, M, Marin, W, Tedesco, A, Bastos, D, Suarez-Castro, AF, Romero Jimenez, LH, Broadbent, EN, Almeyda Zambrano, AM, Vincent, JR, Yi, Y, Chazdon, RL, Watson, JEM, Urbano, EAN, Rodriguez, CAC, and Beyer, HL

Abstract

Aim: Colombia has committed to ambitious forest restoration targets which include a 1 million ha Bonn Challenge commitment and 6.47–8.31 million ha (rehabilitation and restoration, respectively) under the National Restoration Plan. Determining where and how to implement programs to achieve these targets remains a significant challenge. Location: Colombia. Methods: We adopt a multi‐objective optimisation framework for restoration planning and apply it to Colombia. We explore cost‐effective solutions that leverage the potential for assisted natural regeneration benefits while accounting for opportunity and establishment costs of restoration and maximising biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation benefits. We explore four politically relevant restoration area‐based targets (1, 6, 6.47 and 8.31 million ha) and identify minimum cost, and suites of maximum benefit and cost‐effective solutions. Results: We identify solutions that simultaneously perform well across biodiversity and carbon objectives, despite trade‐offs between these objectives. We find that cost‐effective solutions can achieve on average 91.1%, 90.8%, 90.5% and 90.1% of maximum carbon benefit and 100% of the maximum biodiversity benefit while significantly reducing costs. On average, the cost‐effective solutions reduce the cost by 87.5%, 56.8%, 59.6% and 46.2% compared to the maximum benefit solutions considering one, six, 6.47 and 8.31 million ha restoration targets, respectively. Main Conclusions: Colombia has committed to bold restoration and conservation targets, such as those under the new 2030 Convention on Biological Diversity Global Biodiversity Framework. Strategic forest restoration planning will play an important role in achieving Colombia's biodiversity conservation and climate mitigation goals. We provide quantitative evidence to inform planning for environmentally and economically sensible restoration policy and practice in the country. Our framework and results can help guide C

Published
2024

34. Crucial Role of Lateral Size for Graphene Oxide in Activating Macrophages and Stimulating Pro-inflammatory Responses in Cells and Animals

Author

Ma, Juan, Liu, Rui, Wang, Xiang, Liu, Qian, Chen, Yunan, Valle, Russell P, Zuo, Yi Y, Xia, Tian, and Liu, Sijin

Subjects
Inflammatory and immune system, Animals, Cell Line, Cytokines, Graphite, Humans, Macrophage Activation, Macrophages, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, NF-kappa B, Nanostructures, Oxides, Phagocytosis, Toll-Like Receptors, graphene oxide, macrophages, plasma membrane, pro-inflammatory responses, nanotoxicology, Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Abstract

Graphene oxide (GO) is increasingly used in biomedical applications because it possesses not only the unique properties of graphene including large surface area and flexibility but also hydrophilicity and dispersibility in aqueous solutions. However, there are conflicting results on its biocompatibility and biosafety partially due to large variations in physicochemical properties of GO, and the role of these properties including lateral size in the biological or toxicological effects of GO is still unclear. In this study, we focused on the role of lateral size by preparing a panel of GO samples with differential lateral sizes using the same starting material. We found that, in comparison to its smaller counterpart, larger GO showed a stronger adsorption onto the plasma membrane with less phagocytosis, which elicited more robust interaction with toll-like receptors and more potent activation of NF-κB pathways. By contrast, smaller GO sheets were more likely taken up by cells. As a result, larger GO promoted greater M1 polarization, associated with enhanced production of inflammatory cytokines and recruitment of immune cells. The in vitro results correlated well with local and systemic inflammatory responses after GO administration into the abdominal cavity, lung, or bloodstream through the tail vein. Together, our study delineated the size-dependent M1 induction of macrophages and pro-inflammatory responses of GO in vitro and in vivo. Our data also unearthed the detailed mechanism underlying these effects: a size-dependent interaction between GO and the plasma membrane.

Published
2015

36. Single Spin Asymmetry $A_N$ in Polarized Proton-Proton Elastic Scattering at $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV

Author

STAR Collaboration, Adamczyk, L., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alakhverdyants, A. V., Alekseev, I., Alford, J., Anson, C. D., Arkhipkin, D., Aschenauer, E., Averichev, G. S., Balewski, J., Banerjee, A., Barnovska, Z., Beavis, D. R., Bellwied, R., Betancourt, M. J., Betts, R. R., Bhasin, A., Bhati, A. K., Bichsel, H., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bland, L. C., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Borowski, W., Bouchet, J., Brandin, A. V., Brovko, S. G., Bruna, E., Bültmann, S., Bunzarov, I., Burton, T. P., Butterworth, J., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Cendejas, R., Cervantes, M. C., Chaloupka, P., Chang, Z., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, H. F., Chen, J. H., Chen, J. Y., Chen, L., Cheng, J., Cherney, M., Chikanian, A., Christie, W., Chung, P., Chwastowski, J., Codrington, M. J. M., Corliss, R., Cramer, J. G., Crawford, H. J., Cui, X., Das, S., Leyva, A. Davila, De Silva, L. C., Debbe, R. R., Dedovich, T. G., Deng, J., de Souza, R. Derradi, Dhamija, S., Didenko, L., Ding, F., Dion, A., Djawotho, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Draper, J. E., Du, C. M., Dunkelberger, L. E., Dunlop, J. C., Efimov, L. G., Elnimr, M., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Eun, L., Evdokimov, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Fedorisin, J., Fersch, R. G., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Gagliardi, C. A., Gangadharan, D. R., Geurts, F., Gibson, A., Gliske, S., Gorbunov, Y. N., Grebenyuk, O. G., Grosnick, D., Gupta, S., Guryn, W., Haag, B., Hajkova, O., Hamed, A., Han, L-X., Harris, J. W., Hays-Wehle, J. P., Heppelmann, S., Hirsch, A., Hoffmann, G. W., Hofman, D. J., Horvat, S., Huang, B., Huang, H. Z., Huck, P., Humanic, T. J., Huo, L., Igo, G., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kang, K., Kapitan, J., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kesich, A., Kikola, D. P., Kiryluk, J., Kisel, I., Kisiel, A., Kizka, V., Klein, S. R., Koetke, D. D., Kollegger, T., Konzer, J., Koralt, I., Koroleva, L., Korsch, W., Kotchenda, L., Kravtsov, P., Krueger, K., Kulakov, I., Kumar, L., Lamont, M. A. C., Landgraf, J. M., LaPointe, S., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leight, W., LeVine, M. J., Li, C., Li, L., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z. M., Lima, L. M., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Lu, Y., Luo, X., Luszczak, A., Ma, G. L., Ma, Y. G., Don, D. M. M. D. Madagodagettige, Mahapatra, D. P., Majka, R., Mall, O. I., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Masui, H., Matis, H. S., McDonald, D., McShane, T. S., Mioduszewski, S., Mitrovski, M. K., Mohammed, Y., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Morozov, B., Munhoz, M. G., Mustafa, M. K., Naglis, M., Nandi, B. K., Nasim, Md., Nayak, T. K., Nelson, J. M., Nogach, L. V., Novak, J., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, K., Ohlson, A., Okorokov, V., Oldag, E. W., Oliveira, R. A. N., Olson, D., Ostrowski, P., Pachr, M., Page, B. S., Pal, S. K., Pan, Y. X., Pandit, Y., Panebratsev, Y., Pawlak, T., Pawlik, B., Pei, H., Perkins, C., Peryt, W., Pile, P., Planinic, M., Pluta, J., Plyku, D., Poljak, N., Porter, J., Poskanzer, A. M., Powell, C. B., Pruneau, C., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Pujahari, P. R., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Ray, R. L., Redwine, R., Reed, R., Riley, C. K., Ritter, H. G., Roberts, J. B., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Ross, J. F., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, N. R., Sahu, P. K., Sakrejda, I., Salur, S., Sandacz, A., Sandweiss, J., Sangaline, E., Sarkar, A., Schambach, J., Scharenberg, R. P., Schmah, A. M., Schmidke, B., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T. R., Seele, J., Seger, J., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shao, M., Sharma, B., Sharma, M., Shi, S. S., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Singaraju, R. N., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, D., Smirnov, N., Solanki, D., Sorensen, P., deSouza, U. G., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Steadman, S. G., Stevens, J. R., Stock, R., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Suarez, M. C., Sumbera, M., Sun, X. M., Sun, Y., Sun, Z., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Symons, T. J. M., de Toledo, A. Szanto, Takahashi, J., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarini, L. H., Tarnowsky, T., Thein, D., Thomas, J. H., Tian, J., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Tokarev, M., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Turnau, J., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Van Buren, G., van Nieuwenhuizen, G., Vanfossen, Jr., J. A., Varma, R., Vasconcelos, G. M. S., Videbæk, F., Viyogi, Y. P., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Vossen, A., Wada, M., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, H., Wang, J. S., Wang, Q., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y., Webb, G., Webb, J. C., Westfall, G. D., Whitten Jr., C., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Witzke, W., Wu, Y. F., Xiao, Z., Xie, W., Xin, K., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, W., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Xue, L., Yang, Y., Yepes, P., Yi, Y., Yip, K., Yoo, I-K., Zawisza, M., Zbroszczyk, H., Zhang, J. B., Zhang, S., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhong, C., Zhu, X., Zhu, Y. H., Zoulkarneeva, Y., and Zyzak, M.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report a high precision measurement of the transverse single spin asymmetry $A_N$ at the center of mass energy $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV in elastic proton-proton scattering by the STAR experiment at RHIC. The $A_N$ was measured in the four-momentum transfer squared $t$ range $0.003 \leqslant |t| \leqslant 0.035$ $\GeVcSq$, the region of a significant interference between the electromagnetic and hadronic scattering amplitudes. The measured values of $A_N$ and its $t$-dependence are consistent with a vanishing hadronic spin-flip amplitude, thus providing strong constraints on the ratio of the single spin-flip to the non-flip amplitudes. Since the hadronic amplitude is dominated by the Pomeron amplitude at this $\sqrt{s}$, we conclude that this measurement addresses the question about the presence of a hadronic spin flip due to the Pomeron exchange in polarized proton-proton elastic scattering., Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures

Published
2012
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37. Transverse Single-Spin Asymmetry and Cross-Section for pi0 and eta Mesons at Large Feynman-x in Polarized p+p Collisions at sqrt(s)=200 GeV

Author

The STAR Collaboration, Adamczyk, L., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alakhverdyants, A. V., Alekseev, I., Alford, J., Anderson, B. D., Anson, C. D., Arkhipkin, D., Aschenauer, E., Averichev, G. S., Balewski, J., Bannerjee, A., Barnovska, Z., Beavis, D. R., Bellwied, R., Betancourt, M. J., Betts, R. R., Bhasin, A., Bhati, A. K., Bichsel, H., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Borowski, W., Bouchet, J., Brandin, A. V., Brovko, S. G., Bruna, E., Bueltmann, S., Bunzarov, I., Burton, T. P., Butterworth, J., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Cendejas, R., Cervantes, M. C., Chaloupka, P., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, H. F., Chen, J. H., Chen, J. Y., Chen, L., Cheng, J., Cherney, M., Chikanian, A., Christie, W., Chung, P., Chwastowski, J., Codrington, M. J. M., Corliss, R., Cramer, J. G., Crawford, H. J., Cui, X., Leyva, A. Davila, De Silva, L. C., Debbe, R. R., Dedovich, T. G., Deng, J., de Souza, R. Derradi, Dhamija, S., Didenko, L., Ding, F., Dion, A., Djawotho, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Draper, J. E., Du, C. M., Dunkelberger, L. E., Dunlop, J. C., Efimov, L. G., Elnimr, M., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Eun, L., Evdokimov, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Fedorisin, J., Fersch, R. G., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Gagliardi, C. A., Gangadharan, D. R., Geurts, F., Gliske, S., Gorbunov, Y. N., Grebenyuk, O. G., Grosnick, D., Gupta, S., Guryn, W., Haag, B., Hajkova, O., Hamed, A., Han, L-X., Harris, J. W., Hays-Wehle, J. P., Heppelmann, S., Hirsch, A., Hoffmann, G. W., Hofman, D. J., Horvat, S., Huang, B., Huang, H. Z., Huck, P., Humanic, T. J., Huo, L., Igo, G., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Joseph, J., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kang, K., Kapitan, J., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kesich, A., Kettler, D., Kikola, D. P., Kiryluk, J., Kisiel, A., Kizka, V., Klein, S. R., Koetke, D. D., Kollegger, T., Konzer, J., Koralt, I., Koroleva, L., Korsch, W., Kotchenda, L., Kravtsov, P., Krueger, K., Kumar, L., Lamont, M. A. C., Landgraf, J. M., LaPointe, S., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leight, W., LeVine, M. J., Li, C., Li, L., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z. M., Lima, L. M., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Lu, Y., Luo, X., Luszczak, A., Ma, G. L., Ma, Y. G., Don, D. M. M. D. Madagodagettige, Mahapatra, D. P., Majka, R., Mall, O. I., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Masui, H., Matis, H. S., McDonald, D., McShane, T. S., Mioduszewski, S., Mitrovski, M. K., Mohammed, Y., Mohanty, B., Morozov, B., Munhoz, M. G., Mustafa, M. K., Naglis, M., Nandi, B. K., Nasim, Md., Nayak, T. K., Nogach, L. V., Novak, J., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, K., Ohlson, A., Okorokov, V., Oldag, E. W., Oliveira, R. A. N., Olson, D., Ostrowski, P., Pachr, M., Page, B. S., Pal, S. K., Pan, Y. X., Pandit, Y., Panebratsev, Y., Pawlak, T., Pawlik, B., Pei, H., Perkins, C., Peryt, W., Pile, P., Planinic, M., Pluta, J., Plyku, D., Poljak, N., Porter, J., Poskanzer, A. M., Powell, C. B., Prindle, D., Pruneau, C., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Pujahari, P. R., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Ray, R. L., Redwine, R., Reed, R., Riley, C. K., Ritter, H. G., Roberts, J. B., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Ross, J. F., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, N. R., Sakrejda, I., Salur, S., Sandacz, A., Sandweiss, J., Sangaline, E., Sarkar, A., Schambach, J., Scharenberg, R. P., Schmah, A. M., Schmidke, B., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T. R., Seele, J., Seger, J., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shao, M., Sharma, B., Sharma, M., Shi, S. S., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Singaraju, R. N., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, D., Smirnov, N., Solanki, D., Sorensen, P., deSouza, U. G., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Steadman, S. G., Stevens, J. R., Stock, R., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Suarez, M. C., Sumbera, M., Sun, X. M., Sun, Y., Sun, Z., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Symons, T. J. M., de Toledo, A. Szanto, Takahashi, J., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarini, L. H., Tarnowsky, T., Thein, D., Thomas, J. H., Tian, J., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Tokarev, M., Trainor, T. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Turnau, J., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Van Buren, G., van Nieuwenhuizen, G., Vanfossen, Jr., J. A., Varma, R., Vasconcelos, G. M. S., Videbaek, F., Viyogi, Y. P., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Vossen, A., Wada, M., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, H., Wang, J. S., Wang, Q., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y., Webb, G., Webb, J. C., Westfall, G. D., Whitten Jr, C., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Witzke, W., Wu, Y. F., Xiao, Z., Xie, W., Xin, K., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, W., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Xue, L., Yang, Y., Yepes, P., Yi, Y., Yip, K., Yoo, I-K., Zawisza, M., Zbroszczyk, H., Zhang, J. B., Zhang, S., Zhang, W. M., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhong, C., Zhu, X., Zhu, Y. H., and Zoulkarneeva, Y.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Measurements of the differential cross-section and the transverse single-spin asymmetry, A_N, vs. x_F for pi0 and eta mesons are reported for 0.4 < x_F < 0.75 at an average pseudorapidity of 3.68. A data sample of approximately 6.3 pb^{-1} was analyzed, which was recorded during p+p collisions at sqrt{s} = 200 GeV by the STAR experiment at RHIC. The average transverse beam polarization was 56%. The cross-section for pi0 is consistent with a perturbative QCD prediction, and the eta/pi0 cross-section ratio agrees with previous mid-rapidity measurements. For 0.55 < x_F < 0.75, A_N for eta (0.210 +- 0.056) is 2.2 standard deviations larger than A_N for pi0 (0.081 +- 0.016)., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, Submitted to Phys. Rev. D R.C

Published
2012
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38. Longitudinal and transverse spin asymmetries for inclusive jet production at mid-rapidity in polarized p+p collisions at sqrt{s}=200 GeV

Author

The STAR Collaboration, Adamczyk, L., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alakhverdyants, A. V., Alekseev, I., Alford, J., Anderson, B. D., Anson, C. D., Arkhipkin, D., Aschenauer, E., Averichev, G. S., Balewski, J., Banerjee, A., Barnovska, Z., Beavis, D. R., Bellwied, R., Betancourt, M. J., Betts, R. R., Bhasin, A., Bhati, A. K., Bichsel, H., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bland, L. C., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Borowski, W., Bouchet, J., Brandin, A. V., Bridgeman, A., Brovko, S. G., Bruna, E., Bueltmann, S., Bunzarov, I., Burton, T. P., Butterworth, J., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Cendejas, R., Cervantes, M. C., Chaloupka, P., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, H. F., Chen, J. H., Chen, J. Y., Chen, L., Cheng, J., Cherney, M., Chikanian, A., Christie, W., Chung, P., Chwastowski, J., Codrington, M. J. M., Corliss, R., Cramer, J. G., Crawford, H. J., Cui, X., Leyva, A. Davila, De Silva, L. C., Debbe, R. R., Dedovich, T. G., Deng, J., de Souza, R. Derradi, Dhamija, S., Didenko, L., Ding, F., Dion, A., Djawotho, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Draper, J. E., Du, C. M., Dunkelberger, L. E., Dunlop, J. C., Efimov, L. G., Elnimr, M., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Eun, L., Evdokimov, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Fedorisin, J., Fersch, R. G., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Gagliardi, C. A., Gangadharan, D. R., Geurts, F., Gliske, S., Gorbunov, Y. N., Grebenyuk, O. G., Grosnick, D., Gupta, S., Guryn, W., Haag, B., Hajkova, O., Hamed, A., Han, L-X., Harris, J. W., Hays-Wehle, J. P., Heppelmann, S., Hirsch, A., Hoffmann, G. W., Hofman, D. J., Horvat, S., Huang, B., Huang, H. Z., Huck, P., Humanic, T. J., Huo, L., Igo, G., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Joseph, J., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kang, K., Kapitan, J., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kesich, A., Kettler, D., Kikola, D. P., Kiryluk, J., Kisiel, A., Kizka, V., Klein, S. R., Koetke, D. D., Kollegger, T., Konzer, J., Koralt, I., Koroleva, L., Korsch, W., Kotchenda, L., Kowalik, K., Kravtsov, P., Krueger, K., Kumar, L., Lamont, M. A. C., Landgraf, J. M., LaPointe, S., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leight, W., LeVine, M. J., Li, C., Li, L., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z. M., Lima, L. M., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Lu, Y., Luo, X., Luszczak, A., Ma, G. L., Ma, Y. G., Don, D. M. M. D. Madagodagettige, Mahapatra, D. P., Majka, R., Mall, O. I., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Masui, H., Matis, H. S., McDonald, D., McShane, T. S., Millane, J., Mioduszewski, S., Mitrovski, M. K., Mohammed, Y., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Morozov, B., Munhoz, M. G., Mustafa, M. K., Naglis, M., Nandi, B. K., Nasim, Md., Nayak, T. K., Nogach, L. V., Novak, J., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, K., Ohlson, A., Okorokov, V., Oldag, E. W., Oliveira, R. A. N., Olson, D., Ostrowski, P., Pachr, M., Page, B. S., Pal, S. K., Pan, Y. X., Pandit, Y., Panebratsev, Y., Pawlak, T., Pawlik, B., Pei, H., Perkins, C., Peryt, W., Pile, P., Planinic, M., Pluta, J., Plyku, D., Poljak, N., Porter, J., Poskanzer, A. M., Powell, C. B., Prindle, D., Pruneau, C., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Pujahari, P. R., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Ray, R. L., Redwine, R., Reed, R., Riley, C. K., Ritter, H. G., Roberts, J. B., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Ross, J. F., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, N. R., Sakrejda, I., Sakuma, T., Salur, S., Sandacz, A., Sandweiss, J., Sangaline, E., Sarkar, A., Sarsour, M., Schambach, J., Scharenberg, R. P., Schmah, A. M., Schmidke, B., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T. R., Seele, J., Seger, J., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shao, M., Sharma, B., Sharma, M., Shi, S. S., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Singaraju, R. N., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, D., Smirnov, N., Solanki, D., Sorensen, P., deSouza, U. G., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Staszak, D., Steadman, S. G., Stevens, J. R., Stock, R., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Suarez, M. C., Sumbera, M., Sun, X. M., Sun, Y., Sun, Z., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Symons, T. J. M., de Toledo, A. Szanto, Takahashi, J., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarini, L. H., Tarnowsky, T., Thein, D., Thomas, J. H., Tian, J., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Tokarev, M., Trainor, T. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Turnau, J., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Van Buren, G., van Nieuwenhuizen, G., Vanfossen, Jr., J. A., Varma, R., Vasconcelos, G. M. S., Videbæk, F., Viyogi, Y. P., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Vossen, A., Wada, M., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, H., Wang, J. S., Wang, Q., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y., Webb, G., Webb, J. C., Westfall, G. D., Whitten Jr., C., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Witzke, W., Wu, Y. F., Xiao, Z., Xie, W., Xin, K., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, W., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Xue, L., Yang, Y., Yepes, P., Yi, Y., Yip, K., Yoo, I-K., Zawisza, M., Zbroszczyk, H., Zhang, J. B., Zhang, S., Zhang, W. M., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhong, C., Zhu, X., Zhu, Y. H., and Zoulkarneeva, Y.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We report STAR measurements of the longitudinal double-spin asymmetry A_LL, the transverse single-spin asymmetry A_N, and the transverse double-spin asymmetries A_Sigma and A_TT for inclusive jet production at mid-rapidity in polarized p+p collisions at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt{s} = 200 GeV. The data represent integrated luminosities of 7.6 /pb with longitudinal polarization and 1.8 /pb with transverse polarization, with 50-55% beam polarization, and were recorded in 2005 and 2006. No evidence is found for the existence of statistically significant jet A_N, A_Sigma, or A_TT at mid-rapidity. Recent model calculations indicate the A_N results may provide new limits on the gluon Sivers distribution in the proton. The asymmetry A_LL significantly improves the knowledge of gluon polarization in the nucleon., Comment: 18 pages, 16 figures, 8 tables

Published
2012

39. Measurements of $D^{0}$ and $D^{*}$ Production in $p$ + $p$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 200 GeV

Author

STAR Collaboration, Adamczyk, L., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alakhverdyants, A. V., Alekseev, I., Alford, J., Anderson, B. D., Anson, C. D., Arkhipkin, D., Aschenauer, E., Averichev, G. S., Balewski, J., Banerjee, A., Barnovska, Z., Beavis, D. R., Bellwied, R., Betancourt, M. J., Betts, R. R., Bhasin, A., Bhati, A. K., Bichsel, H., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bland, L. C., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Borowski, W., Bouchet, J., Brandin, A. V., Brovko, S. G., Bruna, E., Bültmann, S., Bunzarov, I., Burton, T. P., Butterworth, J., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Cendejas, R., Cervantes, M. C., Chaloupka, P., Chang, Z., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, H. F., Chen, J. H., Chen, J. Y., Chen, L., Cheng, J., Cherney, M., Chikanian, A., Christie, W., Chung, P., Chwastowski, J., Codrington, M. J. M., Corliss, R., Cramer, J. G., Crawford, H. J., Cui, X., Leyva, A. Davila, De Silva, L. C., Debbe, R. R., Dedovich, T. G., Deng, J., de Souza, R. Derradi, Dhamija, S., Didenko, L., Ding, F., Dion, A., Djawotho, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Draper, J. E., Du, C. M., Dunkelberger, L. E., Dunlop, J. C., Efimov, L. G., Elnimr, M., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Eun, L., Evdokimov, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Fedorisin, J., Fersch, R. G., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Gagliardi, C. A., Gangadharan, D. R., Geurts, F., Gibson, A., Gliske, S., Gorbunov, Y. N., Grebenyuk, O. G., Grosnick, D., Gupta, S., Guryn, W., Haag, B., Hajkova, O., Hamed, A., Han, L-X., Harris, J. W., Hays-Wehle, J. P., Heppelmann, S., Hirsch, A., Hoffmann, G. W., Hofman, D. J., Horvat, S., Huang, B., Huang, H. Z., Huck, P., Humanic, T. J., Huo, L., Igo, G., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Joseph, J., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kang, K., Kapitan, J., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kesich, A., Kettler, D., Kikola, D. P., Kiryluk, J., Kisel, I., Kisiel, A., Kizka, V., Klein, S. R., Koetke, D. D., Kollegger, T., Konzer, J., Koralt, I., Koroleva, L., Korsch, W., Kotchenda, L., Kravtsov, P., Krueger, K., Kumar, L., Lamont, M. A. C., Landgraf, J. M., LaPointe, S., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leight, W., LeVine, M. J., Li, C., Li, L., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z. M., Lima, L. M., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Lu, Y., Luo, X., Luszczak, A., Ma, G. L., Ma, Y. G., Don, D. M. M. D. Madagodagettige, Mahapatra, D. P., Majka, R., Mall, O. I., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Masui, H., Matis, H. S., McDonald, D., McShane, T. S., Mioduszewski, S., Mitrovski, M. K., Mohammed, Y., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Morozov, B., Munhoz, M. G., Mustafa, M. K., Naglis, M., Nandi, B. K., Nasim, Md., Nayak, T. K., Nelson, J. M., Nogach, L. V., Novak, J., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, K., Ohlson, A., Okorokov, V., Oldag, E. W., Oliveira, R. A. N., Olson, D., Ostrowski, P., Pachr, M., Page, B. S., Pal, S. K., Pan, Y. X., Pandit, Y., Panebratsev, Y., Pawlak, T., Pawlik, B., Pei, H., Perkins, C., Peryt, W., Pile, P., Planinic, M., Pluta, J., Plyku, D., Poljak, N., Porter, J., Poskanzer, A. M., Powell, C. B., Prindle, D., Pruneau, C., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Pujahari, P. R., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Ray, R. L., Redwine, R., Reed, R., Riley, C. K., Ritter, H. G., Roberts, J. B., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Ross, J. F., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, N. R., Sakrejda, I., Salur, S., Sandacz, A., Sandweiss, J., Sangaline, E., Sarkar, A., Schambach, J., Scharenberg, R. P., Schmah, A. M., Schmidke, B., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T. R., Seele, J., Seger, J., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shao, M., Sharma, B., Sharma, M., Shi, S. S., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Singaraju, R. N., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, D., Smirnov, N., Solanki, D., Sorensen, P., deSouza, U. G., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Steadman, S. G., Stevens, J. R., Stock, R., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Suarez, M. C., Sumbera, M., Sun, X. M., Sun, Y., Sun, Z., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Symons, T. J. M., de Toledo, A. Szanto, Takahashi, J., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarini, L. H., Tarnowsky, T., Thein, D., Thomas, J. H., Tian, J., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Tokarev, M., Trainor, T. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Turnau, J., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Van Buren, G., van Nieuwenhuizen, G., Vanfossen, Jr., J. A., Varma, R., Vasconcelos, G. M. S., Videbæk, F., Viyogi, Y. P., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Vossen, A., Wada, M., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, H., Wang, J. S., Wang, Q., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y., Webb, G., Webb, J. C., Westfall, G. D., Whitten Jr., C., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Witzke, W., Wu, Y. F., Xiao, Z., Xie, W., Xin, K., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, W., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Xue, L., Yang, Y., Yepes, P., Yi, Y., Yip, K., Yoo, I-K., Zawisza, M., Zbroszczyk, H., Zhang, J. B., Zhang, S., Zhang, W. M., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhong, C., Zhu, X., Zhu, Y. H., Zoulkarneeva, Y., and Zyzak, M.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We report measurements of charmed-hadron ($D^{0}$, $D^{*}$) production cross sections at mid-rapidity in $p$ + $p$ collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 200 GeV by the STAR experiment. Charmed hadrons were reconstructed via the hadronic decays $D^{0}\rightarrow K^{-}\pi^{+}$, $D^{*+}\rightarrow D^{0}\pi^{+}\rightarrow K^{-}\pi^{+}\pi^{+}$ and their charge conjugates, covering the $p_T$ range of 0.6$-$2.0 GeV/$c$ and 2.0$-$6.0 GeV/$c$ for $D^{0}$ and $D^{*+}$, respectively. From this analysis, the charm-pair production cross section at mid-rapidity is $d\sigma/dy|_{y=0}^{c\bar{c}}$ = 170 $\pm$ 45 (stat.) $^{+38}_{-59}$ (sys.) $\mu$b. The extracted charm-pair cross section is compared to perturbative QCD calculations. The transverse momentum differential cross section is found to be consistent with the upper bound of a Fixed-Order Next-to-Leading Logarithm calculation., Comment: 15 pages, 16 figures. Revised version submitted to Phys. Rev. D

Published
2012
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40. Di-electron spectrum at mid-rapidity in $p+p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 200$ GeV

Author

Adamczyk, L., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alakhverdyants, A. V., Alekseev, I., Alford, J., Anderson, B. D., Anson, C. D., Arkhipkin, D., Aschenauer, E., Averichev, G. S., Balewski, J., Banerjee, A., Barnovska, Z., Beavis, D. R., Bellwied, R., Betancourt, M. J., Betts, R. R., Bhasin, A., Bhati, A. K., Bichsel, H., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bland, L. C., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Borowski, W., Bouchet, J., Brandin, A. V., Brovko, S. G., Bruna, E., Bueltmann, S., Bunzarov, I., Burton, T. P., Butterworth, J., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Cendejas, R., Cervantes, M. C., Chaloupka, P., Chang, Z., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, H. F., Chen, J. H., Chen, J. Y., Chen, L., Cheng, J., Cherney, M., Chikanian, A., Christie, W., Chung, P., Chwastowski, J., Codrington, M. J. M., Corliss, R., Cramer, J. G., Crawford, H. J., Cui, X., Leyva, A. Davila, De Silva, L. C., Debbe, R. R., Dedovich, T. G., Deng, J., de Souza, R. Derradi, Dhamija, S., Didenko, L., Ding, F., Dion, A., Djawotho, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Draper, J. E., Du, C. M., Dunkelberger, L. E., Dunlop, J. C., Efimov, L. G., Elnimr, M., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Eun, L., Evdokimov, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Fedorisin, J., Fersch, R. G., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Gagliardi, C. A., Gangadharan, D. R., Geurts, F., Gibson, A., Gliske, S., Gorbunov, Y. N., Grebenyuk, O. G., Grosnick, D., Gupta, S., Guryn, W., Haag, B., Hajkova, O., Hamed, A., Han, L-X., Harris, J. W., Hays-Wehle, J. P., Heppelmann, S., Hirsch, A., Hoffmann, G. W., Hofman, D. J., Horvat, S., Huang, B., Huang, H. Z., Huck, P., Humanic, T. J., Huo, L., Igo, G., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Joseph, J., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kang, K., Kapitan, J., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kesich, A., Kettler, D., Kikola, D. P., Kiryluk, J., Kisel, I., Kisiel, A., Kizka, V., Klein, S. R., Koetke, D. D., Kollegger, T., Konzer, J., Koralt, I., Koroleva, L., Korsch, W., Kotchenda, L., Kravtsov, P., Krueger, K., Kulakov, Kumar, L., Lamont, M. A. C., Landgraf, J. M., LaPointe, S., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leight, W., LeVine, M. J., Li, C., Li, L., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z. M., Lima, L. M., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Lu, Y., Luo, X., Luszczak, A., Ma, G. L., Ma, Y. G., Don, D. M. M. D. Madagodagettige, Mahapatra, D. P., Majka, R., Mall, O. I., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Masui, H., Matis, H. S., McDonald, D., McShane, T. S., Mioduszewski, S., Mitrovski, M. K., Mohammed, Y., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Morozov, B., Munhoz, M. G., Mustafa, M. K., Naglis, M., Nandi, B. K., Nasim, Md., Nayak, T. K., Nelson, J. M., Nogach, L. V., Novak, J., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, K., Ohlson, A., Okorokov, V., Oldag, E. W., Oliveira, R. A. N., Olson, D., Ostrowski, P., Pachr, M., Page, B. S., Pal, S. K., Pan, Y. X., Pandit, Y., Panebratsev, Y., Pawlak, T., Pawlik, B., Pei, H., Perkins, C., Peryt, W., Pile, P., Planinic, M., Pluta, J., Plyku, D., Poljak, N., Porter, J., Poskanzer, A. M., Powell, C. B., Prindle, D., Pruneau, C., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Pujahari, P. R., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Ray, R. L., Redwine, R., Reed, R., Riley, C. K., Ritter, H. G., Roberts, J. B., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Ross, J. F., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, N. R., Sakrejda, I., Salur, S., Sandacz, A., Sandweiss, J., Sangaline, E., Sarkar, A., Schambach, J., Scharenberg, R. P., Schmah, A. M., Schmidke, B., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T. R., Seele, J., Seger, J., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shao, M., Sharma, B., Sharma, M., Shi, S. S., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Singaraju, R. N., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, D., Smirnov, N., Solanki, D., Sorensen, P., deSouza, U. G., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Steadman, S. G., Stevens, J. R., Stock, R., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Suarez, M. C., Sumbera, M., Sun, X. M., Sun, Y., Sun, Z., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Symons, T. J. M., de Toledo, A. Szanto, Takahashi, J., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarini, L. H., Tarnowsky, T., Thein, D., Thomas, J. H., Tian, J., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Tokarev, M., Trainor, T. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Turnau, J., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Van Buren, G., van Nieuwenhuizen, G., Vanfossen, Jr., J. A., Varma, R., Vasconcelos, G. M. S., Videbæk, F., Viyogi, Y. P., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Vossen, A., Wada, M., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, H., Wang, J. S., Wang, Q., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y., Webb, G., Webb, J. C., Westfall, G. D., Whitten Jr., C., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Witzke, W., Wu, Y. F., Xiao, Z., Xie, W., Xin, K., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, W., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Xue, L., Yang, Y., Yepes, P., Yi, Y., Yip, K., Yoo, I-K., Zawisza, M., Zbroszczyk, H., Zhang, J. B., Zhang, S., Zhang, W. M., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhong, C., Zhu, X., Zhu, Y. H., Zoulkarneeva, Y., and Zyzak, M.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We report on mid-rapidity mass spectrum of di-electrons and cross sections of pseudoscalar and vector mesons via $e^{+}e^{-}$ decays, from $\sqrt{s} = 200$ GeV $p+p$ collisions, measured by the large acceptance experiment STAR at RHIC. The ratio of the di-electron continuum to the combinatorial background is larger than 10% over the entire mass range. Simulations of di-electrons from light-meson decays and heavy-flavor decays (charmonium and open charm correlation) are found to describe the data. The extracted $\omega\rightarrow e^{+}e^{-}$ invariant yields are consistent with previous measurements. The mid-rapidity yields ($dN/dy$) of $\phi$ and $J/\psi$ are extracted through their di-electron decay channels and are consistent with the previous measurements of $\phi\rightarrow K^{+}K^{-}$ and $J/\psi\rightarrow e^{+}e^{-}$. Our results suggest a new upper limit of the branching ratio of the $\eta \rightarrow e^{+}e^{-}$ of $1.7\times10^{-5}$ at 90% confidence level., Comment: 15 pages, 17 figures, 4 tables. Published

Published
2012
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41. Measurement of the $W \to e \nu$ and $Z/\gamma^* \to e^+e^-$ Production Cross Sections at Mid-rapidity in Proton-Proton Collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 500 GeV

Author

STAR Collaboration, Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alakhverdyants, A. V., Alekseev, I., Alford, J., Anderson, B. D., Anson, C. D., Arkhipkin, D., Averichev, G. S., Balewski, J., Banerjee, Barnovska, Z., Beavis, D. R., Bellwied, R., Betancourt, M. J., Betts, R. R., Bhasin, A., Bhati, A. K., Bichsel, H., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bland, L. C., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Borowski, W., Bouchet, J., Brandin, A. V., Brovko, S. G., Bruna, E., Bueltmann, S., Bunzarov, I., Burton, T. P., Butterworth, J., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Cendejas, R., Cervantes, M. C., Chaloupka, P., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, H. F., Chen, J. H., Chen, J. Y., Chen, L., Cheng, J., Cherney, M., Chikanian, A., Christie, W., Chung, P., Codrington, M. J. M., Corliss, R., Cramer, J. G., Crawford, H. J., Cui, X., Leyva, A. Davila, De Silva, L. C., Debbe, R. R., Dedovich, T. G., Deng, J., de Souza, R. Derradi, Dhamija, S., Didenko, L., Ding, F., Djawotho, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Draper, J. E., Du, C. M., Dunkelberger, L. E., Dunlop, J. C., Efimov, L. G., Elnimr, M., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Eun, L., Evdokimov, O., Fatemi, R., Fedorisin, J., Fersch, R. G., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Gagliardi, C. A., Gangadharan, D. R., Geurts, F., Gliske, S., Gorbunov, Y. N., Grebenyuk, O. G., Grosnick, D., Gupta, S., Guryn, W., Haag, B., Hajkova, O., Hamed, A., Han, L-X., Harris, J. W., Hays-Wehle, J. P., Heppelmann, S., Hirsch, A., Hoffmann, G. W., Hofman, D. J., Horvat, S., Huang, B., Huang, H. Z., Huck, P., Humanic, T. J., Huo, L., Igo, G., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Joseph, J., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kang, K., Kapitan, J., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kesich, A., Kettler, D., Kikola, D. P., Kiryluk, J., Kisiel, A., Kizka, V., Klein, S. R., Koetke, D. D., Kollegger, T., Konzer, J., Koralt, I., Koroleva, L., Korsch, W., Kotchenda, L., Kravtsov, P., Krueger, K., Kumar, L., Lamont, M. A. C., Landgraf, J. M., LaPointe, S., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leight, W., LeVine, M. J., Li, C., Li, L., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z. M., Lima, L. M., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Lu, Y., Luo, X., Ma, G. L., Ma, Y. G., Mahapatra, D. P., Majka, R., Mall, O. I., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Masui, H., Matis, H. S., McDonald, D., McShane, T. S., Mioduszewski, S., Mitrovski, M. K., Mohammed, Y., Mohanty, B., Morozov, B., Munhoz, M. G., Mustafa, M. K., Naglis, M., Nandi, B. K., Nasim, Md., Nayak, T. K., Nogach, L. V., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, K., Ohlson, A., Okorokov, V., Oldag, E. W., Oliveira, R. A. N., Olson, D., Pachr, M., Page, B. S., Pal, S. K., Pan, Pandit, Y., Panebratsev, Y., Pawlak, T., Pei, H., Perkins, C., Peryt, W., Pile, P., Planinic, M., Pluta, J., Plyku, D., Poljak, N., Porter, J., Poskanzer, A. M., Powell, C. B., Prindle, D., Pruneau, C., Pruthi, N. K., Pujahari, P. R., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Ray, R. L., Redwine, R., Reed, R., Riley, C. K., Ritter, H. G., Roberts, J. B., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, N. R., Sakrejda, I., Salur, S., Sandweiss, J., Sangaline, E., Sarkar, A., Schambach, J., Scharenberg, R. P., Schmah, A. M., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T. R., Seele, J., Seger, J., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shao, M., Sharma, B., Sharma, M., Shi, S. S., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Singaraju, R. N., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Solanki, D., Sorensen, P., deSouza, U. G., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Steadman, S. G., Stevens, J. R., Stock, R., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Suarez, M. C., Sumbera, M., Sun, X. M., Sun, Y., Sun, Z., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Symons, T. J. M., de Toledo, A. Szanto, Takahashi, J., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarini, L. H., Tarnowsky, T., Thein, D., Thomas, J. H., Tian, J., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Tokarev, M., Trainor, T. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Van Buren, G., van Nieuwenhuizen, G., Vanfossen Jr., J. A., Varma, R., Vasconcelos, G. M. S., Videbæk, F., Viyogi, Y. P., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Vossen, A., Wada, M., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, H., Wang, J. S., Wang, Q., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y., Webb, G., Webb, J. C., Westfall, G. D., Whitten Jr., C., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Witzke, W., Wu, Y. F., Xiao, Z., Xie, W., Xin, K., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, W., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Xue, L., Yang, Y., Yepes, P., Yi, Y., Yip, K., Yoo, I-K., Zawisza, M., Zbroszczyk, H., Zhang, J. B., Zhang, S., Zhang, W. M., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhong, C., Zhu, X., Zhu, Y. H., and Zoulkarneeva, Y.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We report measurements of the charge-separated $W^{+(-)} \to e^{+(-)} + \nu_e(\bar{\nu}_e)$ and $Z/\gamma^* \to e^+e^-$ production cross sections at mid-rapidity in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 500 GeV. These results are based on 13.2 pb$^{-1}$ of data recorded in 2009 by the STAR detector at RHIC. Production cross sections for W bosons that decay via the $e \nu$ channel were measured to be $\sigma(pp \to W^+ X) \cdot BR(W^+ \to e^+ \nu_e)$ = 117.3 \pm 5.9(stat) \pm 6.2(syst) \pm 15.2(lumi) pb, and $\sigma(pp \to W^- X) \cdot BR(W^- \to e^- \bar{\nu}_e)$ = 43.3 \pm 4.6(stat) \pm 3.4(syst) \pm 5.6(lumi) pb. For $Z/\gamma^*$ production, $\sigma(pp \to Z/\gamma^* X) \cdot BR(Z/\gamma^* \to e^+ e^-)$ = 7.7 \pm 2.1(stat) $^{+0.5}_{-0.9}$(syst) \pm 1.0(lumi) pb for di-lepton invariant masses $m_{e^+e^-}$ between 70 and 110 GeV/$c^2$. First measurements of the W cross section ratio, $\sigma(pp \to W^+ X) / \sigma(pp \to W^- X)$, at $\sqrt{s}$ = 500 GeV are also reported. Theoretical predictions, calculated using recent parton distribution functions, are found to agree with the measured cross sections., Comment: 14 pages, 12 figures, submitted to Physical Review D

Published
2011
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42. Energy and system-size dependence of two- and four-particle $v_2$ measurements in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and their implications on flow fluctuations and nonflow

Author

The STAR Collaboration, Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alakhverdyants, A. V., Alekseev, I., Alford, J., Anderson, B. D., Anson, C. D., Arkhipkin, D., Averichev, G. S., Balewski, J., Barnovska, Z., Beavis, D. R., Bellwied, R., Betancourt, M. J., Betts, R. R., Bhasin, A., Bhati, A. K., Bichsel, H., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bland, L. C., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Borowski, W., Bouchet, J., Brandin, A. V., Brovko, S. G., Bruna, E., Bueltmann, S., Bunzarov, I., Burton, T. P., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Calderon, M., Cebra, D., Cendejas, R., Cervantes, M. C., Chaloupka, P., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, H. F., Chen, J. H., Chen, J. Y., Chen, L., Cheng, J., Cherney, M., Chikanian, A., Christie, W., Chung, P., Codrington, M. J. M., Corliss, R., Cramer, J. G., Crawford, H. J., Cui, X., Leyva, A. Davila, De Silva, L. C., Debbe, R. R., Dedovich, T. G., Deng, J., de Souza, R. Derradi, Dhamija, S., Didenko, L., Ding, F., Djawotho, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Draper, J. E., Du, C. M., Dunkelberger, L. E., Dunlop, J. C., Efimov, L. G., Elnimr, M., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Eun, L., Evdokimov, O., Fatemi, R., Fedorisin, J., Fersch, R. G., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Gagliardi, C. A., Gangadharan, D. R., Geurts, F., Ghosh, P., Gliske, S., Gorbunov, Y. N., Grebenyuk, O. G., Grosnick, D., Gupta, S., Guryn, W., Haag, B., Hajkova, O., Hamed, A., Han, L-X., Harris, J. W., Hays-Wehle, J. P., Heppelmann, S., Hirsch, A., Hoffmann, G. W., Hofman, D. J., Horvat, S., Huang, B., Huang, H. Z., Huck, P., Humanic, T. J., Huo, L., Igo, G., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Joseph, J., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kang, K., Kapitan, J., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kesich, A., Kettler, D., Kikola, D. P., Kiryluk, J., Kisiel, A., Kizka, V., Klein, S. R., Koetke, D. D., Kollegger, T., Konzer, J., Koralt, I., Koroleva, L., Korsch, W., Kotchenda, L., Kravtsov, P., Krueger, K., Kumar, L., Lamont, M. A. C., Landgraf, J. M., LaPointe, S., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leight, W., LeVine, M. J., Li, C., Li, L., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z. M., Lima, L. M., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Lu, Y., Luo, X., Ma, G. L., Ma, Y. G., Mahapatra, D. P., Majka, R., Mall, O. I., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Masui, H., Matis, H. S., McDonald, D., McShane, T. S., Mioduszewski, S., Mitrovski, M. K., Mohammed, Y., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Morozov, B., Munhoz, M. G., Mustafa, M. K., Naglis, M., Nandi, B. K., Nasim, Md., Nayak, T. K., Nogach, L. V., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, K., Ohlson, A., Okorokov, V., Oldag, E. W., Oliveira, R. A. N., Olson, D., Pachr, M., Page, B. S., Pal, S. K., Pan, Pandit, Y., Panebratsev, Y., Pawlak, T., Pei, H., Perkins, C., Peryt, W., Pile, P., Planinic, M., Pluta, J., Plyku, D., Poljak, N., Porter, J., Poskanzer, A. M., Powell, C. B., Prindle, D., Pruneau, C., Pruthi, N. K., Pujahari, P. R., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Redwine, R., Reed, R., Riley, C. K., Ritter, H. G., Roberts, J. B., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, N. R., Sakrejda, I., Salur, S., Sandweiss, J., Sangaline, E., Sarkar, A., Schambach, J., Scharenberg, R. P., Schmah, A. M., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T. R., Seele, J., Seger, J., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shao, M., Sharma, B., Sharma, M., Shi, S. S., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Singaraju, R. N., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Solanki, D., Sorensen, P., de Souza, U. G., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Steadman, S. G., Stevens, J. R., Stock, R., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Suarez, M. C., Sumbera, M., Sun, X. M., Sun, Y., Sun, Z., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Symons, T. J. M., de Toledo, A. Szanto, Takahashi, J., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarini, L. H., Tarnowsky, T., Thein, D., Thomas, J. H., Tian, J., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Tokarev, M., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Van Buren, G., van Nieuwenhuizen, G., Vanfossen, Jr., J. A., Varma, R., Vasconcelos, G. M. S., Videbaek, F., Viyogi, Y. P., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Vossen, A., Wada, M., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, H., Wang, J. S., Wang, Q., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y., Webb, G., Webb, J. C., Westfall, G. D., Whitten Jr., C., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Witzke, W., Wu, Y. F., Xiao, Z., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, W., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Xue, L., Yang, Y., Yepes, P., Yi, Y., Yip, K., Yoo, I-K., Zawisza, M., Zbroszczyk, H., Zhan, W., Zhang, J. B., Zhang, S., Zhang, W. M., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhong, C., Zhu, X., Zhu, Y. H., and Zoulkarneeva, Y.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present STAR measurements of azimuthal anisotropy by means of the two- and four-particle cumulants $v_2$ ($v_2\{2\}$ and $v_2\{4\}$) for Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions at center of mass energies $\sqrt{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}} = 62.4$ and 200 GeV. The difference between $v_2\{2\}^2$ and $v_2\{4\}^2$ is related to $v_{2}$ fluctuations ($\sigma_{v_2}$) and nonflow $(\delta_{2})$. We present an upper limit to $\sigma_{v_2}/v_{2}$. Following the assumption that eccentricity fluctuations $\sigma_{\epsilon}$ dominate $v_2$ fluctuations $\frac{\sigma_{v_2}}{v_2} \approx \frac{\sigma_{\epsilon}}{\epsilon}$ we deduce the nonflow implied for several models of eccentricity fluctuations that would be required for consistency with $v_2\{2\}$ and $v_2\{4\}$. We also present results on the ratio of $v_2$ to eccentricity., Comment: 15 pages, 12 Figures

Published
2011
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43. System size and energy dependence of near-side di-hadron correlations

Author

STAR Collaboration, Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alakhverdyants, A. V., Alekseev, I., Alford, J., Anderson, B. D., Anson, C. D., Arkhipkin, D., Averichev, G. S., Balewski, J., Barnby, L. S., Beavis, D. R., Bellwied, R., Betancourt, M. J., Betts, R. R., Bhasin, A., Bhati, A. K., Bichsel, H., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bland, L. C., Bombara, M., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Borowski, W., Bouchet, J., Braidot, E., Brandin, A. V., Brovko, S. G., Bruna, E., Bueltmann, S., Bunzarov, I., Burton, T. P., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Cendejas, R., Cervantes, M. C., Chaloupka, P., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, H. F., Chen, J. H., Chen, J. Y., Chen, L., Cheng, J., Cherney, M., Chikanian, A., Christie, W., Chung, P., Codrington, M. J. M., Corliss, R., Cramer, J. G., Crawford, H. J., Cui, X., Leyva, A. Davila, De Silva, L. C., Debbe, R. R., Dedovich, T. G., Deng, J., Derevschikov, A. A., de Souza, R. Derradi, Dhamija, S., Didenko, L., Djawotho, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Draper, J. E., Du, C. M., Dunkelberger, L. E., Dunlop, J. C., Efimov, L. G., Elnimr, M., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Eun, L., Evdokimov, O., Fatemi, R., Fedorisin, J., Fersch, R. G., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Gagliardi, C. A., Gaillard, L., Gangadharan, D. R., Geurts, F., Ghosh, P., Gliske, S., Gorbunov, Y. N., Grebenyuk, O. G., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Gupta, S., Guryn, W., Haag, B., Hajkova, O., Hamed, A., Han, L-X., Harris, J. W., Hays-Wehle, J. P., Heppelmann, S., Hirsch, A., Hoffmann, G. W., Hofman, D. J., Horvat, S., Huang, B., Huang, H. Z., Humanic, T. J., Huo, L., Igo, G., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jones, P. G., Joseph, J., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kang, K., Kapitan, J., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kettler, D., Kikola, D. P., Kiryluk, J., Kisiel, A., Kizka, V., Klein, S. R., Koetke, D. D., Kollegger, T., Konzer, J., Koralt, I., Koroleva, L., Korsch, W., Kotchenda, L., Kravtsov, P., Krueger, K., Kumar, L., Lamont, M. A. C., Landgraf, J. M., LaPointe, S., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leight, W., LeVine, M. J., Li, C., Li, L., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z. M., Lima, L. M., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Lu, Y., Lukashov, E. V., Luo, X., Ma, G. L., Ma, Y. G., Mahapatra, D. P., Majka, R., Mall, O. I., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Masui, H., Matis, H. S., McDonald, D., McShane, T. S., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mitrovski, M. K., Mohammed, Y., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Morozov, B., Morozov, D. A., Munhoz, M. G., Mustafa, M. K., Naglis, M., Nandi, B. K., Nattrass, C., Nasim, Md., Nayak, T. K., Nogach, L. V., Nurushev, S. B., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, K., Ohlson, A., Okorokov, V., Oldag, E. W., Oliveira, R. A. N., Olson, D., Pachr, M., Page, B. S., Pal, S. K., Pan, Pandit, Y., Panebratsev, Y., Pawlak, T., Pei, H., Perkins, C., Peryt, W., Pile, P., Planinic, M., Pluta, J., Plyku, D., Poljak, N., Porter, J., Poskanzer, A. M., Powell, C. B., Prindle, D., Pruneau, C., Pruthi, N. K., Pujahari, P. R., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Raniwala, R., Raniwala, S., Ray, R. L., Redwine, R., Reed, R., Riley, C. K., Ritter, H. G., Roberts, J. B., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, N. R., Sakrejda, I., Salur, S., Sandweiss, J., Sangaline, E., Sarkar, A., Schambach, J., Scharenberg, R. P., Schmah, A. M., Schmitz, N., Schuster, T. R., Seele, J., Seger, J., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shao, M., Sharma, B., Sharma, M., Shi, S. S., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Singaraju, R. N., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Solanki, D., Sorensen, P., deSouza, U. G., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Steadman, S. G., Stevens, J. R., Stock, R., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Suarez, M. C., Sumbera, M., Sun, X. M., Sun, Y., Sun, Z., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Symons, T. J. M., de Toledo, A. Szanto, Takahashi, J., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarini, L. H., Tarnowsky, T., Thein, D., Thomas, J. H., Tian, J., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Tokarev, M., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Van Buren, G., van Nieuwenhuizen, G., Vanfossen, Jr., J. A., Varma, R., Vasconcelos, G. M. S., Vasiliev, A. N., Videbæ, F., Viyogi, Y. P., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Vossen, A., Wada, M., Wang, G., Wang, H., Wang, J. S., Wang, Q., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y., Webb, G., Webb, J. C., Westfall, G. D., Whitten Jr., C., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Witzke, W., Wu, Y. F., Xiao, Z., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, W., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Xue, L., Yang, Y., Yepes, P., Yi, Y., Yip, K., Yoo, I-K., Zawisza, M., Zbroszczyk, H., Zhan, W., Zhang, J. B., Zhang, S., Zhang, W. M., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhong, C., Zhu, X., Zhu, Y. H., and Zoulkarneeva, Y.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Two-particle azimuthal ($\Delta\phi$) and pseudorapidity ($\Delta\eta$) correlations using a trigger particle with large transverse momentum ($p_T$) in $d$+Au, Cu+Cu and Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{NN}}}$ =\xspace 62.4 GeV and 200~GeV from the STAR experiment at RHIC are presented. The \ns correlation is separated into a jet-like component, narrow in both $\Delta\phi$ and $\Delta\eta$, and the ridge, narrow in $\Delta\phi$ but broad in $\Delta\eta$. Both components are studied as a function of collision centrality, and the jet-like correlation is studied as a function of the trigger and associated $p_T$. The behavior of the jet-like component is remarkably consistent for different collision systems, suggesting it is produced by fragmentation. The width of the jet-like correlation is found to increase with the system size. The ridge, previously observed in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{NN}}}$ = 200 GeV, is also found in Cu+Cu collisions and in collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{NN}}}$ =\xspace 62.4 GeV, but is found to be substantially smaller at $\sqrt{s_{{NN}}}$ =\xspace 62.4 GeV than at $\sqrt{s_{{NN}}}$ = 200 GeV for the same average number of participants ($ \langle N_{\mathrm{part}}\rangle$). Measurements of the ridge are compared to models., Comment: 17 pages, 14 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. C

Published
2011
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44. Strong Coupling between On Chip Notched Ring Resonator and Nanoparticle

Author

Wang, S., Broderick, K., Smith, H., and Yi, Y.

Subjects
Physics - Optics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We have demonstrated a new photonic structure to achieve strong optical coupling between nanoparticle and photonic molecule by utilizing a notched micro ring resonators. By creating a notch in the ring resonator and putting a nanoparticle inside the notch, large spectral shifts and splittings at nm scale can be achieved, compared to only pm scale observed by fiber tip evanescently coupled to the surface of microsphere, thereby significantly lowered the quality factor requirement for single nanoparticle detection. The ability for sorting the type of nanoparticles due to very different mode shift and splitting behavior of dielectric and metallic nanoparticles is also emphasized., Comment: Accepted

Published
2010
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46. Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of bupropion in methamphetamine-dependent participants with less than daily methamphetamine use

Author

Heinzerling, KG, Swanson, AN, Hall, TM, Yi, Y, Wu, Y, and Shoptaw, SJ

Subjects
Substance Abuse, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences
Abstract

Aims: Two previous randomized trials found an effect for bupropion in reducing methamphetamine use in the subgroup with lower frequency of methamphetamine use at baseline. This study aimed to replicate these results by comparing bupropion versus placebo in methamphetamine-dependent participants with less than daily methamphetamine use at baseline. Methods: Methamphetamine-dependent volunteers reporting methamphetamine use on ≤29 of past 30 days were randomized to bupropion 150mg twice daily (n=41) or placebo (n=43) and out-patient counseling for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was the proportion achieving end-of-treatment (EOT) methamphetamine abstinence (weeks 11 and 12) for bupropion versus placebo. A post-hoc analysis compared EOT abstinence by medication adherence assessed via plasma bupropion/hydroxybupropion level. Results: There was no significant difference in EOT abstinence between bupropion (29%, 12 of 41) and placebo (14%, six of 43; P=0.087). Among participants receiving bupropion, EOT abstinence was significantly higher in participants assessed as medication adherent by plasma bupropion/hydroxybupropion levels (54%, seven of 13) compared to non-adherent participants (18%, five of 28; P=0.018). Medication adherence by plasma levels was low (32%). Conclusions: Bupropion may be efficacious for reducing methamphetamine in people with less than daily baseline methamphetamine use, but the evidence remains inconclusive.

Published
2014

48. Statistical Properties of Whistler-mode Waves in the Dayside Terrestrial Space: MMS Observations.

Author

Zhang, H., Zhong, Z. H., Lu, J. Y., Wang, M., Yi, Y. Y., Tang, R. X., and Deng, X. H.

Subjects
INTERPLANETARY magnetic fields, SOLAR wind, ELECTRON temperature, MAGNETOSPHERE, MAGNETIC fields
Abstract

Whistler-mode waves have been extensively observed and investigated in terrestrial space. In this study, we present the dynamic response of whistler-mode waves to different solar wind conditions in the dayside terrestrial space based on Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) data. Statistical results show that the occurrence rate, amplitudes, and corresponding electron temperature anisotropy of whistler-mode waves increase with P sw in the dayside terrestrial space, which is attributed to the compression of magnetic fields in these magnetosheath and outer magnetosphere. Furthermore, whistler-mode waves under the southward interplanetary magnetic fields (IMFs) show a higher occurrence rate than that under the northward IMFs, mostly corresponding to T e ⊥/ T e ∥ > 1, and have a higher occurrence rate during quasi-radial IMFs. These results present that whistler-mode waves in these magnetosheath and outer magnetosphere are also modulated by the solar wind as clearly as the inner magnetosphere. This work advanced our understanding in the solar–terrestrial interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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50. Clustering Coefficients of Protein-Protein Interaction Networks

Author

Miller, Gerald A., Shi, Yi Y., Qian, Hong, and Bomsztyk, Karol

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Physics - Biological Physics, Quantitative Biology - Molecular Networks
Abstract

The properties of certain networks are determined by hidden variables that are not explicitly measured. The conditional probability (propagator) that a vertex with a given value of the hidden variable is connected to k of other vertices determines all measurable properties. We study hidden variable models and find an averaging approximation that enables us to obtain a general analytical result for the propagator. Analytic results showing the validity of the approximation are obtained. We apply hidden variable models to protein-protein interaction networks (PINs) in which the hidden variable is the association free-energy, determined by distributions that depend on biochemistry and evolution. We compute degree distributions as well as clustering coefficients of several PINs of different species; good agreement with measured data is obtained. For the human interactome two different parameter sets give the same degree distributions, but the computed clustering coefficients differ by a factor of about two. This shows that degree distributions are not sufficient to determine the properties of PINs., Comment: 16 pages, 3 figures, in Press PRE uses pdflatex

Published
2007
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