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With the rapid development of modern robotics and medical industry, the use of rehabilitation robots for the treatment of patients with lower limb sports injuries has become one of the research hotspots at home and abroad. In order to achieve better rehabilitation treatment effect, trajectory planning of a three-degree-of-freedom lower limb rehabilitation robot is studied, and the motion law of healthy ankle joint is simulated to optimize the trajectory design of the lower limb rehabilitation robot. Based on the rehabilitation, injury mechanism, and motion form of the ankle joint, a comparative analysis of several low degree of freedom planar symmetric parallel mechanisms is conducted, and a design prototype using a 2UU-UPU mechanism as the rehabilitation actuator is determined; research on trajectory planning for lower limb rehabilitation training of lower limb rehabilitation robots, trajectory planning motion formulas for cycloidal motion laws and superimposed cycloidal motion laws are derived, and the rationality of trajectory under different rehabilitation training conditions is verified. In order to further explore a more reasonable rehabilitation trajectory, the optical motion capture system is used to collect the ankle joint movement trajectory in the sitting position, establish the rehabilitation trajectory constraints, improve the similarity between the planned trajectory and the human movement, and achieve better rehabilitation effect.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features and survival rate of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients in China. Methods The clinicopathological characteristics, stage, treatment modality, and 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) rate of 1 915 OCSCC patients who received initial treatment at the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from 1990 to 2013 were collected and analyzed. The clinicopathological characteristics, stage, treatment modality, and 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) rate of OCSCC patients treated during the successive decades of 1990-1999, 2000-2009, and 2010-2013 were analyzed retrospectively to show the trends over time. Results The average age of all OCSCC patients who received initial treatment at this cancer center from 1990 to 2013 was 54.8 years (SD, 12.6 years). The sex ratio was approximately 2:1. The oral tongue was the site most prone for OCSCC, accounting for 63.6% of all cases. The proportions of early-stage (Ⅰ-Ⅱ) and advanced-stage (Ⅲ-Ⅳ) cases were approximate. Regarding the treatment modality, surgery-based treatment accounted for 80.4%. Survival analysis showed that the 5-year DSS rate of all cases was 57%. Survival decreased with age. The survival of females, nonsmokers, and nondrinkers was higher than that of males, smokers, and drinkers. The 5-year DSS rates of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lips, oral tongue, and other sites of the oral cavity were 81%, 63%, and 42%, respectively. The 5-year DSS rates of patients who received surgery-based treatment and nonsurgical treatment were 66% and 19%, respectively. The analysis of trends over time showed that in the period of 1990-1999 and 2010-2013, the age and sex ratio were relatively stable. The proportion of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lips and oral tongue gradually decreased, while the proportion of those with squamous cell carcinoma of the other sites of the oral cavity gradually increased. The proportion of surgery-based treatment increased from 77.7% to 91.3%. The 5-year DSS rate gradually increased from 53% in 1990-1999 to 64% in 2010-2013. The 5-year DSS rate of female patients increased significantly from 55% to 78%. However, the 5-year DSS rate of male patients was relatively stable. The 5-year DSS rate of patients who received surgery-based treatment gradually increased from 62% to 69%. Conclusion The 5-year DSS rate has steadily improved for OCSCC patients at this cancer center from 1990-2013, especially in female patients. The 5-year DSS rate of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue has reached the rate in developed countries worldwide. The proportion and survival rate of patients who received surgery-based treatment gradually increased. The survival rate of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the other sites of the oral cavity was significantly lower than that of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lips and oral tongue, suggesting that more effort should be put into the treatment of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the other sites of the oral cavity to improve the survival rate in the future.

Portal/hepatic vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT/HVTT) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a sign of advanced stage disease and is associated with poor prognosis. This study investigated the surgical outcomes of patients with HCC and PVTT/HVTT to determine the most appropriate surgical treatment strategy for these patients.The study population included 77 HCC patients from January 2004 to June 2009 who underwent hepatectomy in our department and were diagnosed with PVTT/HVTT based on pathological examination. The patients were divided into two groups: in group 1, PVTT/HVTT was located in the hepatic resection area and removed with the tumor en bloc (38 cases); in group 2, PVTT/HVTT was beyond the resection line and removed by suction or thrombectomy (39 cases). Concerning the factor of surgical margins, the patients were further divided into four subgroups: group 1A: patients in group 1 with surgical margins ≤1 cm (28 cases); group 1B: patients in group 1 with surgical margins >1 cm (9 cases); group 2A: patients in group 2 with surgical margins ≤1 cm (28 cases); and group 2B: patients in group 2 with surgical margins >1 cm (9 cases).Most of the characteristics of groups 1 and 2 were similar. Patients in group 2 had significantly higher median blood loss (p=0.002) and higher blood transfusion rate (p=0.002) during the operation, which were not considered prognostic factors (p=0.323 and 0.571, respectively). The median overall survival (OS) duration in group 1 was significantly longer than that in group 2 (14.3 vs. 10.4 months, p=0.047). The median OS durations in groups 1A, 1B, 2A, and 2B were 14.3, 42.7, 7.5, and 18.0 months, respectively, which were significantly different(p=0.018).When PVTT/HVTT is located in the hepatic resection area and removed with the tumor en bloc, the median OS duration is longer. Based on this finding, widening the surgical margins when technically possible may increase OS.

Assessing the remanufacturability of used parts is a crucial basis for determining their value and optimal utilization methods. Due to the uncertain quality of used parts and the varying processing capacity of enterprises, coupled with the continuous expansion of the scale of the remanufacturing industry, the traditional weighted-analysis model, which considers all indicators at the same level, is inefficient for decision-making. In order to evaluate the remanufacturability of used parts more efficiently, a decision tree-based method is proposed, which hierarchically processes the evaluation criteria to enhance decision-making efficiency and adaptability. First, using a data platform, the remaining value of used parts reflected in the failure degree is analyzed and predicted, with the aid of artificial neural networks and the Weibull model, providing an initial remanufacturability assessment. Then, remanufacturability is assessed sequentially from the technical, economic, and environmental feasibility aspects, based on the enterprise's processing capabilities. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through a case study on the remanufacturing of used blades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, optical fibers have found extensive use in special environments, including high-energy radiation scenarios like nuclear explosion diagnostics and reactor monitoring. However, radiation exposure, such as X-rays, gamma rays, and neutrons, can compromise fiber safety and reliability. Consequently, researchers worldwide are focusing on radiation-resistant fiber optic technology. This paper examines optical fiber radiation damage mechanisms, encompassing ionization damage, displacement damage, and defect centers. It also surveys the current research on radiation-resistant fiber optic design, including doping and manufacturing process improvements. Ultimately, it summarizes the effectiveness of various approaches and forecasts the future of radiation-resistant optical fibers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Odor information fills every corner of our lives yet obtaining its spatiotemporal distribution is a difficult challenge. Localized surface plasmon resonance has shown good sensitivity and a high response/recovery speed in odor sensing and converts chemical information such as odor information into optical information, which can be captured by charge-coupled device cameras. This suggests that the utilization of localized surface plasmon resonance has great potential in two-dimensional odor trace visualization. In this study, we developed a two-dimensional imaging system based on backside scattering from a localized surface plasmon resonance substrate to visualize odor traces, providing an intuitive representation of the spatiotemporal distribution of odor, and evaluated the performance of the system. In comparative experiments, we observed distinct differences between odor traces and disturbances caused by environmental factors in differential images. In addition, we noted changes in intensity at positions corresponding to the odor traces. Furthermore, for indoor experiments, we developed a method of finding the optimal capture time by comparing changes in differential images relative to the shape of the original odor trace. This method is expected to assist in the collection of spatial information of unknown odor traces in future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]