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An investigation of the utilization of water quality monitors at water purification plants throughout Japan was conducted via questionnaire from August to October 2015. The number of types of monitors installed at more than one water purification plant was 34. Chlorine, high sensitivity turbidity, pH, and turbidity monitors were (highly) recommended for installation in four water purification processes (rapid sand filtration, chlorination only, slow sand filtration and membrane treatment), except for high sensitivity turbidity of chlorination only. The number of installations of the monitors recommended and their installation points were dependent upon the processes. Highly recommended points of turbidity were raw water and sedimentation points, which were set for (critical) control points in water safety plans. That of high sensitivity turbidity was the rapid sand filtration point for confirmation of Cryptosporidium control. Chlorine monitors were applied for automatic control, regardless of the water purification processes. Some interesting monitors, such as those for musty odor compounds and trihalomethane, were newly developed and utilized. The results of this study showed that water quality monitors were important for water quality management systems based on water safety plans in Japan.

Objectives Although, endometrial cancer (EC) is commonly diagnosed at an early stage and has a favorable prognosis, recurrent disease usually shows poor prognosis. However, clinicopathological prognostic factors for recurrent EC have been still unclear. The current study aimed to identify clinicopathological prognostic factors, especially in long term survivors of recurrent EC. Methods We collected 2044 patients who underwent surgery including hysterectomy and were pathologically diagnosed as EC in our hospitals between 2001 and 2018. Clinicopathological information and survival data were retrospectively obtained by the review of medical record. Among 2044, 131 patients were included in this retrospective analysis. In recurrent cases, we analyzed the prognostic factors for long-term survivors of recurrent EC. Then we defined long-term and short-term survivors, as patients who survived x 3 years (n =53) and died within 3 years (n =78) after first recurrence, respectively. The correlation between prognosis and clinicopathological factors was statistically analyzed. Results In the multivariate analysis of long-term survivors, we identified that TTP x 1 year after surgery (P Conclusion TTP x 1 year after surgery, non-peritoneal metastasis, surgical reduction of first recurrence were good prognostic factors of long-term survivors in recurrent EC.

We have experimentally studied a magnetopiezoelectric effect (MPE), i.e., dynamic distortion caused by AC electric currents, in the antiferromagnetic conductor ${\mathrm{CaMn}}_{2}{\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}$ at low temperatures down to $77\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ using laser Doppler vibrometry. When AC electric currents are applied to ${\mathrm{CaMn}}_{2}{\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}$, dynamic displacement signals which increase in proportion to the current amplitude are clearly observed at $77\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$, but their magnitude and temperature dependence strongly depend on Joule heating effects caused by the applied electric currents. Especially, poor thermal contact of ${\mathrm{CaMn}}_{2}{\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}$ samples to the sample holder produces second-harmonic displacement signals owing to thermal expansion due to the Joule heating, and tends to affect the temperature dependence of the MPE signals. In a measurement run without any heating effects, a sharp enhancement of the MPE signal is observed at the N\'eel temperature of ${\mathrm{CaMn}}_{2}{\mathrm{Bi}}_{2}$, which suggests that fluctuations of itinerant Mn moments near the N\'eel temperature play an important role in the MPE. We speculate that electric currents produce nonequilibrium antiferromagnetic moments via the antiferromagnetic Edelstein effect and the induced antiferromagnetic momemts enhance the MPE signal with the help of a large magnetovolume coupling near the N\'eel temperature. The MPE efficiency as a piezoelectric response reaches 300--$500\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{pC}/\mathrm{N}$ at a maximum, which is comparable to high values of piezoelectric coefficients detected in the piezoelectric (ferroelectric) ceramics.

Kinesin family member C1 (KIFC1) is a minus end-directed motor protein that plays an essential role in centrosome clustering. Previously, we reported that KIFC1 is involved in cancer progression in prostate cancer (PCa). We designed this study to assess the involvement of KIFC1 in docetaxel (DTX) resistance in PCa and examined the effect of KIFC1 on DTX resistance. We also analyzed the possible role of a KIFC1 inhibitor (CW069) in PCa. We used DTX-resistant PCa cell lines in DU145 and C4-2 cells to analyze the effect of KIFC1 on DTX resistance in PCa. Western blotting showed that KIFC1 expression was higher in the DTX-resistant cell lines than in the parental cell lines. Downregulation of KIFC1 re-sensitized the DTX-resistant cell lines to DTX treatment. CW069 treatment suppressed cell viability in both parental and DTX-resistant cell lines. DTX alone had little effect on cell viability in the DTX-resistant cells. However, the combination of DTX and CW069 significantly reduced cell viability in the DTX-resistant cells, indicating that CW069 re-sensitized the DTX-resistant cell lines to DTX treatment. These results suggest that a combination of CW069 and DTX could be a potential strategy to overcome DTX resistance.

We present the results of the investigations of high conducting area and superconductivity at the interfaces between ferroelectric oxide and insulating oxide in heterostructures, isostructural to BaTiO3/La2CuO4. The performed numerical simulations of BaTiO3/La2CuO4 heterostructure show the possibility of high conductivity state at the interface. The temperature dependence of the measured electrical resistance of the Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3/La2CuO4 heterostructure interface have been studied and the superconducting behaviour with transition temperature Tc about 30K has been found. Therefore, the transition to the state with 2DEG at the interface is demonstrated. The results offer the possibility to design novel electronic devices.

The results of the investigations of high conducting and superconducting areas at the interfaces between ferroelectric oxide and insulating oxide are presented. The numerical simulations of BaTiO3/LaMnO3 and BaTiO3/La2CuO4 heterostructures have been performed. It is found that in the samples of the Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3/LaMnO3 heterostructure the electrical resistance decreases significantly and exhibits metallic behaviour at low temperatures for the case when the c axis of ferroelectric film is directed along the normal to the surface of the single crystal. The superconducting behaviour with transition temperature Tc about 30K has been found at the interface of the Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3/La2CuO4 heterostructure. The proposed concept promises the ferroelectrically controlled interface conductivity and superconductivity.

To focus on the vibration mode of a cone loudspeaker, which acts as an electroacoustic transducer, excitation experiments were performed using two types of loudspeaker units: one employing an impulse hammer and the other a sweep signal. The on-axis sound pressure frequency properties of the loudspeaker were evaluated, and the characteristic properties of the loudspeakers were successfully determined in both excitation experiments. Moreover, under conditions identical to the experiment conditions, a coupled analysis of the vibration-acoustics of the cone loudspeaker was performed using an acoustic analysis software program that considers the impact of damping caused by air viscosity. The result of sound pressure frequency properties with the numerical analysis are the most closely match that measured in the excitation experiments over a wide range of frequency bands.

The superconducting uctuations above critical temperature in the Bi2Sr2Ca1xYxCu2O8 single crystals are studied. The boundaries of the superconducting uctuations area are de ned by the MWA measurement. The estimation of the uctuations lifetimes is made.

In this paper, we discuss the propagation of sound in the narrow pathways of an occluded-ear simulator typically used for the measurement of insert-type earphones. The simulator has a standardized frequency response conforming to the international standard (IEC60318-4). In narrow pathways, the speed and phase of sound waves are modified by viscous air damping. In our previous paper, we proposed a new finite element method (FEM) to consider the effects of air viscosity in this type of audio equipment. In this study, we will compare the results from the ear simulator FEM model, and those from a three dimensional human ear canal FEM model made from computed tomography images, with the measured frequency response data from the ear canals of 18 people., {"references":["IEC60318-4, IEC standard, Simulators of human head and ear - Part 4: Occluded-ear simulator for the measurement of earphones coupled to the ear by means of ear inserts 2010.","M. Sasajima, T. Yamaguchi, and A. Hara, \"Acoustic Analysis Using Finite Element Method Considering Effects of Damping Caused by Air Viscosity in Audio Equipment,\" Applied Mechanics and Materials, vol. 36, pp. 282–286, 2010.","M. Sasajima, T. Yamaguchi, M. Watanabe, Y. Koike, \"FEM Analysis of Occluded Ear Simulator with Narrow Slit Pathway,\" International Journal of Mechanical, Aerospace, Industrial, Mechatronic and Manufacturing Engineering vol. 9, No.9, pp. 1430-1433, 2015.","M. A. Biot, \"Theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluid-saturated porous solid. I. Low-frequency range,\" Journal of Acoustical Society of America, vol. 28, pp. 168–178, 1956.","M. A. Biot, \"Theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluid-saturated porous solid. II. Higher-frequency range,\" Journal of Acoustical Society of America, vol. 28, pp. 179–191, 1956.","T. Yamaguchi, \"Approximated calculation to damping properties of a closed sound field involving porous materials(proposal of a fast calculation procedure for model damping and damped response),\" Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, Series C, vol. 66, no. 648, pp. 2563–2569, 2000.","T. Yamaguchi, H. Nakamoto, Y. Kurosawa, and S. Matsumura \"Finite element analysis for damping properties of sound-proof structures having solid body, porous media and air,\" Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, Series A, vol. 69, no. 677, pp. 34–41, 2003.","T. Yamaguchi, J. Tsugawa, H. Enomoto, and Y. Kurosawa, \"Layout of Sound Absorbing Materials in 3D Rooms Using Damping Contributions with Eigenvectors as Weight Coefficients,\" Journal of System Design and Dynamics, vol. 4-1, pp. 166–176, 2010.","T. Yamaguchi, Y. Kurosawa, and H. Enomoto, \"Damped Vibration Analysis Using Finite Element Method with Approximated Modal Damping for Automotive Double Walls with a Porous Material,\" Journal of Sound and Vibration, vol. 325, pp. 436–450, 2009."]}

The goal of this work is to review the principles, design, and function of the ISS multilateral medical authority and the medical support system of the ISS Program. Multilateral boards and panels provide operational framework for, direct, and supervise the ISS joint medical operational activities. The integrated medical group (IMG) provides front-line medical support of the crews. Results of ongoing activities are reviewed weekly by physician managers. A broader status review is conducted monthly to project the state of crew health and medical support for the following month. All boards, panels, and groups function effectively and without interruptions. Consensus prevails as the primary nature of decisions made by all ISS medical groups, including the ISS medical certification board. The sustained efforts of all partners have resulted in favorable medical outcomes of the initial 15 long-duration expeditions. The medical support system appears to be mature and ready for further expansion of the roles of all Partners, and for the anticipated increase in the size of ISS crews.

This paper discusses the propagation of sound waves in air, specifically in narrow rectangular pathways of an occluded-ear simulator for acoustic measurements. In narrow pathways, both the speed of sound and the phase of the sound waves are affected by the damping of the air viscosity. Herein, we propose a new finite-element method (FEM) that considers the effects of the air viscosity. The method was developed as an extension of existing FEMs for porous, sound-absorbing materials. The results of a numerical calculation for a three-dimensional ear-simulator model using the proposed FEM were validated by comparing with theoretical lumped-parameter modeling analysis and standard values., {"references":["M. A. Biot, \"Theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluid-saturated\nporous solid. I. Low-frequency range,\" Journal of Acoustical Society of\nAmerica, vol. 28, pp. 168–178, 1956.","M. A. Biot, \"Theory of propagation of elastic waves in a fluid-saturated\nporous solid. II. Higher-frequency range,\" Journal of Acoustical Society\nof America, vol. 28, pp. 179–191, 1956.","T. Yamaguchi, H. Nakamoto, Y. Kurosawa, and S. Matsumura \"Finite\nelement analysis for damping properties of sound-proof structures having\nsolid body, porous media and air,\" Transactions of the Japan Society of\nMechanical Engineers, Series C, vol. 69, no. 677, pp. 34–41, 2003.","Y. Kurosawa and S. Matsumura \"Finite element analysis for damping\nproperties of sound-proof structures having solid body, porous media and\nair,\" Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, Series\nC, vol. 69, no. 677, pp. 34–41, 2003.","T. Yamaguchi, J. Tsugawa, H. Enomoto, and Y. Kurosawa, \"Layout of\nSound Absorbing Materials in 3D Rooms Using Damping Contributions\nwith Eigenvectors as Weight Coefficients,\" Journal of System Design and\nDynamics, vol. 4-1, pp. 166–176, 2010.","T. Yamaguchi, Y. Kurosawa, and H. Enomoto, \"Damped Vibration\nAnalysis Using Finite Element Method with Approximated Modal\nDamping for Automotive Double Walls with a Porous Material,\" Journal\nof Sound and Vibration, vol. 325, pp. 436–450, 2009.","M. Sasajima, T. Yamaguchi, and A. Hara, \"Acoustic Analysis Using\nFinite Element Method Considering Effects of Damping Caused by Air\nViscosity in Audio Equipment,\" Applied Mechanics and Materials, vol.\n36, pp. 282–286, 2010.","IEC60318-4, IEC standard, Simulators of human head and ear - Part 4:\nOccluded-ear simulator for the measurement of earphones coupled to the\near by means of ear inserts 2010.","S. Jonsson, B. Liu, A. Schuhmacher and L. Nielsen, \"Simulation of the\nIEC 60711 occluded ear simulator,\" Audio Engineering Society 116th\nconvention, 2004."]}

A realistic nucleon-nucleon potential is transformed into a low-momentum effective one (LMNN) using the Okubo theory. The separable potentials are converted from the LMNN with a universal separable expansion method and a simple Legendre expansion. Through the calculation of the triton binding energies, the separability for the convergence of these ranks is evaluated. It is found that there is a tendency for the lower momentum cutoff parameter $\Lambda$ of LMNN to gain good separability., Comment: 6 pages, 1 table

The finite range expansion method [Y. Koike, Prog. Theor. Phys. 87 (1992), 775], which gives well converged solutions of the three-body Faddeev equations, is extended to the three-body and two-two subsystems in order to solve the four-body Faddeev-Yakubovsky equations. A feasibility study is carried out to check the convergence in a four-nucleon system at 3.45 MeV below the four-body break-up threshold, which is in between the 2N-2N and 2N - N - N break-up thresholds. We obtain a converged phase shift and inelasticity parameter to 6 digits for 3N + N elastic scattering.

To determine the effects of short-term dietary supplementation of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) during nursing (from 3 to 28 days of age) on plasma BCAA levels and subsequent growths in cattle, 12 nursing male Holstein calves, randomly assigned to control and treatment groups (n = 6 in each group), orally received a daily supplement of essential BCAAs (2 g/kg body weight/day; 1:1:1 of valine, leucine and isoleucine) or not. The plasma BCAA levels increased linearly after the administration. During the treatment period, average daily gain (ADG) was lower in the treatment group (0.43±0.07 kg/day) than the controls (0.71±0.07 kg/day, p

We introduce a new screening function which is useful for the few-body Coulomb scattering problem in ``screening and renormalization'' scheme. The new renormalization phase factor of the screening function is analytically shown. The Yukawa type of the screening potential has been used in several decades, we modify it to make more useful. As a concrete example, we compare the proton-proton scattering phase shifts calculated from these potentials. The numerical results document that high precision calculations of the renormalization are performed by the new screening function.

The field induced magnetic phase transitions of Cs 2 CuBr 4 were investigated by means of magnetization process and neutron scattering experiments. Cs 2 CuBr 4 should be characterized as S = 1/2 two-dimensional triangular antiferromagnet. Below the ordering temperature T N = 1.4 K, the Spin structure is the helical incommensurate structure almost within the triangular lattice plane. In the field direction within the triangular lattice plane, Cs 2 CuBr 4 exhibits the magnetization plateaux at one-third and two-thirds of the saturation magnetization. The spin structure in the one-third plateau phase is found to be almost collinear up-up-down structure which should be stabilized by quantum fluctuation as predicted by the theoretical studies.

We report the results of inelastic neutron scattering (INS) experiments on the S = 1 bond-alternating quasi-one-dimensional (1D) antiferromagnet Ni(C 9 D 24 N 4 )(NO 2 )ClO 4 under magnetic' fields below and above the critical field H c at which the energy gap closes. Normal field dependence of Zeeman split of the excited triplet state below H c has been observed, but the highest mode is unusually small and smears out with increasing field. This is probably explained by the highest branch buried in a magnon continuum, which was never observed in the S = 1 antiferromagnetic uniform chain. Above H c , we observed only one excitation branch, which is completely different from the Haldane material NDMAP [A. Zheludev et al., Phys. Rev. B 68 (2003), 134438] where three gapped branches were clearly observed.

A method for solving few-body scattering equations is proposed and examined. The solution of the scattering equations at complex energies is analytically continued to get scattering T-matrix with real positive energy. Numerical examples document that the method works well for two-nucleon scattering and three-nucleon scattering, if the set of complex energies is properly chosen., Comment: 6 pages, no figures, resubmitted to Prog. Theor. Phys

We performed the DC-magnetization and neutron scattering experiments under pressure {\it P} for a pressure-induced superconductor UGe$_2$. We found that the magnetic moment is enhanced at a characteristic temperature {\it T}$^{*}$ in the ferromagnetic state, where {\it T}$^{*}$ is smaller than a Curie temperature {\it T}$_{\rm C}$. This enhancement becomes remarkable in the vicinity of {\it P}$_{\rm C}^{*}$ = 1.20 GPa, where {\it T}$^{*}$ becomes 0 K and the superconducting transition temperature {\it T}$_{\rm SC}$ shows a maximum. The characteristic temperature {\it T}$^{*}$, which decreases with increasing pressure, also depends on the magnetic field., Comment: To be published in J.Phys.Soc.Jpn

In biomagnetic measurement in a magnetically moderately shielded room, the dominant environmental field noise is the line-frequency (50 Hz) noise. We have studied off-line processing to reduce the line-frquency noise that is included in the raw data measured with a multichannel SQUID magnetometer. Our method utilizes digital filtering and averaging to obtain exclusively the magnetic field unit vectors, which represent the spatial distribution of the noise field. The results for the magnetic field waveform, after subtraction of line-frequency noise components, indicated the effectiveness of our method in reducing the noise. Further, localization of a single equivalent current dipole in a simulation showed that the noise-reduced data decreased the error of the dipole location and increased the goodness-of-fit values.

This study was carried out to understand the onset mechanism of adrenaline (ADR)-induced pulmonary edema (PE) and the effect of drugs related to the arachidonate cascade in a rabbit model. ADR was administered intravenously by a bolus injection to the rabbits at 50, 75 and 100 microg/kg. To evaluate the severity of PE, the lung-water ratio (LWR) was calculated as a ratio of the difference between wet and dry lung weight to dry lung weight. The PE incidence and LWR exhibited a dose-dependent increase, and LWR correlated with the left atrial pressure (LAP). The involvement of the arachidonate cascade was evaluated by the co-administration of flurbiprofen, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor; ozagrel, a thromboxane synthase inhibitor; and OP-2507 (15-cis-(4-n-propylcyclohexyl)-6,17,18, 19,20-pentanor-9-deoxy-6,9-alpha-nitriloprostaglandin F1 methyl ester), a prostaglandin I2 analogue. Co-treatment of the rabbits with ADR and flurbiprofen resulted in an increase in LAP and the incidence of PE, whereas co-administration of ozagrel did not exhibit any significant changes in the measured parameters. Conversely, OP-2507 reduced the LAP, PE incidence and LWR when co-administered with ADR. Rabbits co-treated with OP-2507 displayed an improved cardiac function. The results of these studies demonstrated the effectiveness of OP-2507 in protecting the lung and cardiac function from the ADR-induced PE.

High growth rate deposition techniques for coated conductors are developed via liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) and vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth. By adding fluorine and silver under low oxygen partial pressure, the processing temperature of LPE decreased down to 850/spl deg/C and it enabled us to grow YBCO on metallic substrates such as cube-textured silver tapes. On the other hand, VLS growth is a combinatorial deposition technique between vapor growth and LPE. It is essentially a LPE growth supplied from the vapor phase. Here, we discuss the utilization of VLS growth as a rapid vapor growth for production of YBCO coated conductor.

We conducted the present study to propose a rabbit model of pulmonary edema (PE) induced by angiotensin II (AII) and to test the preventive effect of losartan on this form of PE. AII was administered to rabbits intravenously at 50, 100, 150 or 300 microg/kg, either by continuous infusion (10 min) or by bolus injection (30 sec). Continuously administered AII (150 microg/kg) induced PE in most cases, while a bolus injection of the same dosage did not. Additionally, the incidence of PE increased with higher dosages of AII when it was infused continuously. A newly established parameter, the area under the systolic blood pressure-time curve corrected by baseline (cAUC), was prone to rise as the incidence of PE increased. Moreover, cAUC signficantly correlated with the wet-dry lung weight ratio (r=0.66, P0.05). Subsequently, 0.5 or 3.0 mg/kg of losartan was given before continuous infusion of 150 microg/kg of AII. The higher dosage of losartan prevented PE completely, while the lower one did so moderately. We concluded that intravenous administration of AII induces PE, probably as a result of increasing afterload. Furthermore, an adequate dosage of losartan can prevent PE because it reduces the pressor effect of AII.

Earphones and headphones, which are compact electro-acoustic transducers, tend to have a lot of acoustic absorption materials and porous materials known as dampers, which often have a large number of extremely small holes and narrow slits to inhibit the resonance of the vibrating system, because the air viscosity significantly affects the acoustic characteristics in such acoustic paths. In order to perform simulations using the finite element method (FEM), it is necessary to be aware of material characteristics such as the impedance and propagation constants of sound absorbing materials and porous materials. The transfer function is widely known as a measurement method for an acoustic tube with such physical properties, but literature describing the measurements at the upper limits of the audible range is yet to be found. The acoustic tube, which is a measurement instrument, must be made narrow, and the distance between the two sets of microphones must be shortened in order to take measurements of acoustic characteristics at higher frequencies. When such a tube is made narrow, however, the characteristic impedance has been observed to become lower than the impedance of air. This paper considers the cause of this phenomenon to be the effect of the air viscosity and describes an FEM analysis of an acoustic tube considering air viscosity to compare to the theoretical formula by including the effect of air viscosity in the theoretical formula for an acoustic tube., {"references":["H. Utsuno, T. W. Wu., A. F. Seybert, and T. Tanaka, \"Prediction of SoundFields in Cavities with Sound Absorbing Materials,\" AIAA Journal,.28, no. 11, 1990, pp.1870-1875.","Yamaguchi, T., Tsugawa, J., Enomoto, H., Kurosawa., Y., \"Layout of Sound Absorbing Materials in 3D Rooms Using Contributions with Eigenvectrs as Weight Coefficients,\" the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, C-74, pp. 2648–2654, 2008.","Yamaguchi, T., Kurosawa., Y., Matsumura, S., \"Damping Analysis of 3D Acoustic Fields Involving Sound Absorbing Materials Using FEM,\" the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, C-68-665, 2002-1","Leo L. Beranek, 1986, Acoustics, America, Amer Inst of Physics; Rev Sub edition (December 1986)","M. A. Biot, Acoustics, Elasticity, and Thermodynamics of Porous Media, Woodbury, New York, Acoustical Society of America, 1992.","M. A. Biot \"Theory of Propagation of Elastic Waves in a Fluid-Saturated Porous Solid. II. Higher Frequency Range,\" Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 28, pp. 179–191.","J. F. Allard and N. Atalla, Propagation of Sound in Porous Media, West Sussex, United Kingdom, John Wily & Sons, Ltd., 2009."]}

In very narrow pathways, the speed of sound propagation and the phase of sound waves change due to the air viscosity. We have developed a new finite element method (FEM) that includes the effects of air viscosity for modeling a narrow sound pathway. This method is developed as an extension of the existing FEM for porous sound-absorbing materials. The numerical calculation results for several three-dimensional slit models using the proposed FEM are validated against existing calculation methods., {"references":["T. Yamaguchi, J. Tsugawa, H. Enomoto and Y. Kurosawa, \"Layout of Sound Absorbing Materials in 3D Rooms Using Damping Contributions with Eigenvectors as Weight Coefficients,\" Journal of System Design and Dynamics, Vol. 4-1, pp. 166–176, 2010.","T. Yamaguchi, Y. Kurosawa and H. Enomoto, \"Damped Vibration Analysis Using Finite Element Method with Approximated Modal Damping for Automotive Double Walls with a Porous Material,\" Journal of Sound and Vibration, Vol. 325, pp. 436–450, 2009.","M. Sasajima, T. Yamaguchi and A. Hara, \"Acoustic Analysis Using Finite Element Method Considering Effects of Damping Caused by Air Viscosity in Audio Equipment,\" Applied Mechanics and Materials, Vol. 36, pp. 282–286, 2010.","H. Utsuno, T. Tanaka, Y. Morisawa and T. Yoshimura, \"Prediction of Normal Sound Absorption Coefficient for Multi-Layer Sound Absorbing Materials by Using the Boundary Element Method,\" Transactions of Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 56-532C, pp. 3248–3252, 1990.","M. Sasajima, M. Watanabe, T. Yamaguchi, Y. Kurosawa, and Y. Koike,\" Acoustic Analysis with Consideration of Damping Effects of Air Viscosity in Sound Pathway,\" World Academy of science, Engineering and technology, ISSUE78,pp1011–1016, 2013.","J.W. Strutt, B. Rayleigh, \"The Theory of Sound (Second revised and enlarged edition)\" New Yoke Dover Publications, Inc., pp54-57,1945.","J.F. Allard, N. Atalla, \"Propagation of Sound in Porous Media (Second Edition)\" A John Wiley and Sons, Ltd., Publication, pp48–50, 2009."]}

Sound pathways in the enclosures of small earphones are very narrow. In such narrow pathways, the speed of sound propagation and the phase of sound waves change because of the air viscosity. We have developed a new finite element method that includes the effects of damping due to air viscosity for modeling the sound pathway. This method is developed as an extension of the existing finite element method for porous sound-absorbing materials. The numerical calculation results using the proposed finite element method are validated against the existing calculation methods., {"references":["T. Yamaguchi, J. Tsugawa, H. Enomoto and Y. Kurosawa, \"Layout of\nSound Absorbing Materials in 3D Rooms Using Damping Contributions\nwith Eigenvectors as Weight Coefficients\", Journal of System Design and\nDynamics, Vol. 4-1, pp. 166-176, 2010.","T. Yamaguchi, Y. Kurosawa and H. Enomoto, \"Damped Vibration\nAnalysis Using Finite Element Method with Approximated Modal\nDamping for Automotive Double Walls with a Porous Material\", Journal\nof Sound and Vibration, Vol. 325, pp. 436-450, 2009.","M. Sasajima, T. Yamaguchi and A. Hara, \"Acoustic Analysis Using\nFinite Element Method Considering Effects of Damping Caused by Air\nViscosity in Audio Equipment\", Applied Mechanics and Materials, Vol.\n36, pp. 282-286, 2010.","H. Utsuno, T. Tanaka, Y. Morisawa and T. Yoshimura, \"Prediction of\nNormal Sound Absorption Coefficient for Multi-Layer Sound Absorbing\nMaterials by Using the Boundary Element Method\", Transactions of\nJapan Society of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 56-532C, pp. 3248-3252,\n1990.","A. Craggs and J.G.Hildebrandt, \"Effective densities and resistivities for\nacoustic propagation in narrow tubes\", Journal of Sound and Vibration,\nVol.92, pp321-331, 1984.","M. A. Biot, \"Theory of Propagation of Elastic Waves in a Fluid-Saturated\nPorous Solid. Ôàí. Higher Frequency Range\", Journal of the Acoustical\nSociety of America, Vol.28, pp179-191, 1956."]}

We prove that the twist-3 chiral-odd parton distributions obey simple Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-Parisi evolution equations in the limit ${N}_{c}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\infty}$ and give analytic results for the corresponding anomalous dimensions. To this end we introduce an evolution equation for the corresponding three-particle twist-3 parton correlation functions and find an exact analytic solution. For large values of $n$ (operator dimension) we are further able to collect all corrections subleading in ${N}_{c}$, so our final results are valid to $O(({1/N}_{c}^{2})\mathrm{ln}(n)/n)$ accuracy.

A 26-week repeated percutaneous dose toxicity of calcipotriol (MC903), an anti-psoriasic agent, was studied in beagle dogs at doses of 0.04, 0.4 and 4 micrograms/kg/day. 1. In general conditions, reddening, rash, desquamation, pruritus, wet and hot skin at 4 micrograms/kg/day, reddening, rash and desquamation at 0.4 microgram/kg/day, pruritus and desquamation at 0.04 microgram/kg/day, were observed at the skin of application site. 2. In urinalysis, an increase or a tendency to an increase in Ca level, were observed at 4 micrograms/kg/day. 3. Histopathological examinations revealed squamous cell hyperplasia and parakeratosis at the skin of application site in both sexes at 4 micrograms/kg/day. However, these findings were not shown at the skin of application site at 0.4 and 0.04 microgram/kg/day. 4. On the basis of results obtained in the present study, it is considered that 0.4 microgram/kg/day is the no-toxic dose of MC903 applied percutaneously in both sexes of beagle dogs.

The differential cross sections and the vector and tensor analyzing powers Ay, Ayy, Axx, and Axz for the d-p elastic scattering were measured at Edlab = 270 MeV over the c.m. angular range from 57° to 138°. The data are compared with a Faddeev calculation. A good description is obtained for all components of the analyzing powers, while a discrepancy of about 30% is found in the cross section around θc.m. = 120°.

The Kansai Electric Power Co. Inc. and Fujikura Ltd. have developed a 6.6 kV XLPE submarine power cable with optical fiber sensors to detect anchor damage and defacement of wire armor. The cable was installed between Kata and Tomogashima island in Wakayama prefecture, Japan. The ability to detect cable damage was confirmed by compression tests, curved tensile tests using the CIGRE-recommended method, and loop tests. Also, in this power cable, a distributed optical fiber sensor was built-in to measure cable temperature. This report shows the results of these tests and the outline of the cable installation. >

This paper describes vibration analysis using the finite element method for a small earphone, especially for the diaphragm shape with a low-rigidity. The viscoelastic diaphragm is supported by multiple nonlinear concentrated springs with linear hysteresis damping. The restoring forces of the nonlinear springs have cubic nonlinearity. The finite elements for the nonlinear springs with hysteresis are expressed and are connected to the diaphragm that is modeled by linear solid finite elements in consideration of a complex modulus of elasticity. Further, the discretized equations in physical coordinates are transformed into the nonlinear ordinary coupled equations using normal coordinates corresponding to the linear natural modes. We computed the nonlinear stationary and non-stationary responses due to the internal resonance between modes with large amplitude in the nonlinear springs and elastic modes in the diaphragm. The non-stationary motions are confirmed as the chaos due to the maximum Lyapunov exponents with a positive number. From the time histories of the deformation distribution in the chaotic vibration, we identified nonlinear modal couplings., {"references":["T. Kondo, T. Sasaki, and T. Ayabe, \"Forced vibration analysis of a\nstraight-line beam structure with nonlinear support elements,\" Trans. Jpn.\nSoc. Mech. Eng., vol. 67, no. 656C, pp. 914-921, 2001.","E. Pesheck, N. Boivin, C. Pierre, and S. W. Shaw, \"Non-linear modal\nanalysis of structural systems using multi-mode invariant manifolds,\"\nNonlinear Dyn., no. 25, pp. 183-205, 2001.","T. Yamaguchi, K. Nagai, S. Maruyama, and T. Aburada, \"Finite element\nanalysis for coupled vibrations of an elastic block supported by a\nnonlinear spring,\" Trans. Jpn. Soc. Mech. Eng., vol. 69, no. 688C, pp.\n3167-3174, 2003.","T. Yamaguchi, N. Nakahara, K. Nagai, S. Maruyama, and Y. Fujii,\n\"Frequency response analysis of elastic blocks supported by a nonlinear\nspring using finite element method,\" Trans. Jpn. Soc. Mech. Eng., vol. 70,\nno. 696C, pp. 2219-2227, 2004.","T. Yamaguchi, T. Saito, K. Nagai, S. Maruyama, Y. Kurosawa, and S.\nMatsumura, \"Analysis of damped vibration for a viscoelastic block\nsupported by a nonlinear concentrated spring using FEM,\" J. Syst. Des.\nDyn., vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 154-165, 2011.","E. H. Dowell, \"Flutter of a buckled plate as an example of chaotic motion\nof a deterministic autonomous system,\" J. Sound Vib., vol. 85-3, pp.\n333-344, 1982.","A. H. Nayfeh and R. A. Raouf, \"Nonlinear Forced Response of Infinitely\nLong Circular Cylindrical Shells,\" J. Appl. Mech., vol. 54, pp. 571-577,\n1987.","X. L. Yang and P. R. Sethna, \"Non-linear phenomena in forced vibrations\nof a nearly square plate: Antisymmetric case,\" J. Sound Vib., vol. 155-3,\npp. 413-441, 1992.","A. Wolf, J. B. Swift, H. L. Swinney, and J. A. Vastano, \"Determining\nLyapunov exponents from a time series,\" Physica, vol. 16D, pp. 285-317,\n1985.\n[10] O. C. Zienkiewicz and Y. K. Cheung, The Finite Element Method in\nStructural and Continuum Mechanics. New York: MacGraw-Hill, 1967."]}

Patients with head and neck cancer, especially squamous cell carcinoma, were divided into a UFT treated group (195 patients) and a contorol group (234 patients) after radical therapy. No difference was observed between the two groups.Next we selected 155 pairs of patient from the two groups. The pairs had the same primary site and the same grade of disease.UFT was shown to prolong the disease free period after radical therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the mouth.

Intrinsic Josephson junctions with single crystals or thin films of high-Tc superconductor have been studied. For this purpose, BiSrCaCuO (2212) films have been deposited on tilted strontium titanate substrates using a dc sputtering system. Superconducting and structural properties of these films have already been reported. In the present study, the surface morphology of films deposited on the tilted substrates is investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy. Many steps and terraces are seen in the film on the tilted substrate. Furthermore, two more films, prepared on the tilted substrates simultaneously are subjected to resistivity measurements across and along the terraces, respectively. The anisotropy parameter /spl gamma/,((ratio of resistivity measured along the c-axis and the a-axis)0.5), calculated from the resistivity measurement is found to be of the order of 50 in the films. A semiconductor-like behavior has been observed above the critical temperature in the temperature-resistivity characteristics, across the terraces.

We propose a simple but rigorous formalism to solve the Lippmann·Schwinger equation, expand· ing the wave function inside the potential range. The solution gives us a separable t-matrix. The formalism can be applied to any finite range two-body interactions and is useful to solve few-body equations. The solution of the two-body Lippmann-Schwinger equation is important not only in the two-body problem alone but also in the few-body problems. It is well known that a t-matrix solution in a separable form is very useful in the few-body equations. l ) Here we propose a new formalism to solve the two-body Lippmann-Schwinger equation. The assumption is that the two-body interaction is of finite range, i.e., vanishes beyond the range R. We expand the wave function I¢) inside the potential range. Since the range is finite, it is easy to find a set of complete base functions for the expansion. The expansion is useful in the integral equation because it keeps the product Vl¢) unchanged. Then we get a set of linear equations each for the scatter­ ing problem and for the bound state problem. It will be shown that the solution of the scattering equation leads to a separable t-matrix. Thus the present formalism is very useful in the few-body equations. When it is applied to the two-body bound state problem, it easily gives the bound state wave function in the whole range, although the original expansion is limited inside the potential range. The resulting separable t-matrix in the present formalism can also be derived from a separable potential expansion method developed by Adhikari and his collabo­ rators. 2 ) Their method has been used in a recent nod scattering calculation by the present author3) adopting modified Malftiet-Tjon potential as the two-body interac-. tion. 4 ) It has been demonstrated that the phase shift and the absorption parameters of the nod scattering are obtained very accurately with low rank separable potentials. The result has been compared with those obtained from other methods. 4 ) It was found that the agreement between them are satisfactorily good. However, it is sometimes asked why a separable potential expansion works so well. The present formalism gives a simple but solid theoretical base for the nod scattering calculation done in Ref. 3). First we discuss the two-body scattering problem. Hereafter, we use the partial wave projected one-dimensional equation, for simplicity. But, it is not essential. We could also use a three-dimensional one. The scattering wave function j¢) satisfies the Lippmann-Schwinger equation

KNbO3-Nb2O5 glasses were prepared with molar ratio of K/(K + Nb) from 0.16 to 0.5 by using a twin-roller quenching apparatus. Most KNbO3-Nb2O5 glasses crystallized to stable phases such as KNbO3, K2Nb4O11, K3Nb7O19, KNb3O8 and K2Nb8O21 via metastable phases after heat treatment and K4Nb6O17 glass directly crystallized to K4Nb6O17 crystal. KNbO3 glass consisted of the corner-shared NbO6 octahedra, while the amounts of the edge-shared NbO6 octahedra in the KNbO3-Nb2O5 glass structure increased with decreasing K+ ion content. The band gap energies and the ionic conductivity of the KNbO3-Nb2O5 glasses increased with increasing K+ ion content, but the density and the activation energy of the ionic conduction decreased. The glasses possessed high dielectric constants appfoaching those of ferroelectric crystals at high temperature around the crystallization temperature. The dielectric constants of the glasses, however decreased greatly with decreasing temperature and with increasing frequency.