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[Purpose/Significance] The FAIR principles, as a guideline for research data management, has been widely recognized and actively applied in the field of scientific research since it was proposed. However, at present, the FAIR principles are mainly implemented by scientific data management institutions, academic groups of different disciplines, and international cooperation projects. As enablers of open science, libraries are obligated to leverage their extensive expertise and long-standing digital resource management strengths to advance the implementation of FAIR principles in scientific data management. [Method/Process]According to The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2020, the top 100 university library websites were surveyed to find how the FAIR principle service has been implemented by 29 university libraries. The service content is divided into three categories: publicity and introduction of FAIR principles, education and training of FAIR principles, and support and promotion of the implementation of FAIR principles. The deficiencies in the implementation of the principles are found, and the effective ways for libraries to participate in the implementation of FAIR principles are summarized. [Results/Conclusions] FAIR principles have gradually begun to be valued and applied in domestic and foreign university libraries, and the university libraries in European and American countries are relatively more active in implementing FAIR principles. Most of the FAIR principle services implemented by domestic and foreign university libraries still remain in the introduction, encouragement, advocacy and training of FAIR principles, there is a lack of FAIR principles-oriented software, tools and data sharing platforms, and external cooperation needs to be strengthened. On the basis of the survey results and drawing on the advanced experience at home and abroad, the Chinese libraries are suggested to become the advocate of FAIR principles, the supporter of FAIR practice and the builder of the ecosystem, strengthen publicity and promotion, actively develop FAIR technology and services, promote multi-party cooperation, and create a good ecosystem, give full play to the scientific value and social value of scientific research data, and promote the transformation of libraries and the high-quality development of library undertakings. This study only investigated the official website of university libraries and related literature, and thus the conclusion is limited to selected cases that the practice content of university libraries to promote the FAIR principle is not comprehensive. Follow-up research will carry out a wider survey and in-depth analysis, and focus on the FAIR assessment of research data, FAIRification steps and case analysis of FAIR principle application.

[Purpose/significance] In order to understand the situation of research data policies formulated by Australian universities, so as to offer reference to the establishment and implementation of research data policies in Chinese universities. [Method/process] This paper took the collected 27 research data policies as sample, analyzed these policies’ general information (including policy maker, effective date and the revision cycle), the policies’ main content (including policy preamble, policy scope, definitions, roles and responsibilities, data management plan, data ownership, data storage and retention, data sharing and reuse, data transfer, the responsible officer, etc.), and the related policies, and on base of the analysis, it summarized the characteristic of Australian universities’ research data policies. [Result/conclusion] The Australian universities’ research data policies have the following characteristics: policies are normative, content is clear, rights and responsibilities are clear, emphasis on support and service for researchers, and emphasis on correlation and collaboration with other policies.

We previously demonstrated that K depletion inhibited ROMK-like small-conductance K channels (SK) in the cortical collecting duct (CCD) and that the effect was mediated by superoxide anions that stimulated Src family protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) (51). However, because animals on a K-deficient diet had a severe hypokalemia, superoxide-dependent signaling may not regulate ROMK channels under physiological conditions with a normal plasma K concentration. In the present study, we used the patch-clamp technique and Western blot to examine the effect of a moderate K restriction on ROMK-like SK channels and the role of PTK and MAPK in regulating apical K channels in the CCD of animals on a low-K diet (LK; 0.1% K). Rats and mice fed a LK diet for 7 days had a normal plasma K concentration. However, a LK intake increased the expression of angiotensin II type 1 receptor in the kidney. Moreover, patch-clamp experiments demonstrated that LK intake decreased the probability finding SK channels and channel activity defined by NP(o) (a product of channel number and open probability) in the CCD of both rat and mouse kidneys. Also, LK intake significantly stimulated the production of superoxide anions in the renal cortex and outer medulla in both rats and mice and increased superoxide level in the rat CCD. Moreover, LK intake augments the phosphorylation of p38 and ERK MAPK, the expression of c-Src and tyrosine phosphorylation of ROMK channels. However, treatment of animals with tempol abolished the effect of LK intake on MAPK and c-Src and increased ROMK channel activity in comparing with those of nontreated rats on a LK diet. Inhibiting p38 and ERK with SB202190 and PD98059 significantly stimulated SK in the CCD in rats on a LK diet. In addition, inhibition of PTK with herbimycin A activated SK channels in the CCD from rats on a LK diet. We conclude that LK intake stimulates the generation of superoxide anion and related products and that MAPK and Src family PTK play a physiological role in inhibiting apical K channels in the principal cells in response to LK intake.