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Parents influence the physical activity (PA) of the childhood cancer survivors (CCS). This mixed-methods study, aiming to obtain an understanding of Chinese parents' perceptions of PA in CCS and how the cancer experience changes their views, which may affect these children's PA engagement. A mixed methods study was conducted at two hospitals in Hangzhou. A qualitative investigation using the thematic descriptive phenomenological approach analyzed data concerning the parents of 9-18-year-old childhood cancer survivors who had completed hospitalized treatment for at least three months. A cross-sectional investigation examined the association between parents' attitudes and children's PA levels using unconditioned binary logistic regression analysis. The qualitative investigation included 35 parents (74.3% female). More than half of the parents understood the benefits of regular PA. Most parents supported children's participation in low-intensity PA, but opposed high-intensity activities. Many parents changed their parenting style after cancer diagnosis, which might affect the development and persistence of children's PA. In the cross-sectional investigation, CCS were more likely to engage in low-level moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) or less MVPA when receiving less paternal support (adjusted OR = 0.92, 95%CI:0.88–0.96) and maternal support (adjusted OR = 0.91, 95%CI:0.87–0.95). Insufficient paternal MVPA engagement (adjusted OR = 3.83, 95%CI: 2.57–5.70) and maternal MVPA engagement (adjusted OR = 5.65, 95%CI: 3.74–8.54) were associated with lower MVPA engagement in CCS. This study identified the understanding of parents of childhood cancer survivors concerning PA engagement and related life changes brought about by cancer experiences from the parental perspectives. These changes affect parental attitude towards children's participation in PA, and parental attitude and behavior affect children's participation in PA. Based on the above findings, some tentative practical implications for physical activity participation among childhood cancer survivors are drawn: (1) childhood cancer survivors should be encouraged to participate in more MVPA and consult a rehabilitation physician if necessary; (2) parents and children engage in exercise together is an important way to promote the levels of physical activity among childhood cancer survivors; (3) Chinese parents have insufficient awareness of the benefits of childhood cancer survivors participation in physical activity. We should strengthen health education for parents, promote parents to support childhood cancer survivors participate in physical activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Persistence of quiescent leukemia stem cells (LSCs) after treatment most likely contributes to chemotherapy resistance and poor prognosis of leukemia patients. Identification of this quiescent cell population would facilitate eradicating LSCs. Here, using a cell‐tracing PKH26 (PKH) dye that can be equally distributed to daughter cells following cell division in vivo, we identify a label‐retaining slow‐cycling leukemia cell population from AML1‐ETO9a (AE9a) leukemic mice. We find that, compared with cells not maintaining PKH‐staining, a higher proportion of PKH‐retaining cells are in G0 phase, and PKH‐retaining cells exhibit increased colony formation ability and leukemia initiation potential. In addition, PKH‐retaining cells possess high chemo‐resistance and are more likely to be localized to the endosteal bone marrow region. Based on the transcriptional signature, HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain (Cd74) is highly expressed in PKH‐retaining leukemia cells. Furthermore, cell surface CD74 was identified to be highly expressed in LSCs of AE9a mice and CD34+ human leukemia cells. Compared to Lin−CD74− leukemia cells, Lin−CD74+ leukemia cells of AE9a mice exhibit higher stemness properties. Collectively, our findings reveal that the identified slow‐cycling leukemia cell population represents an LSC population, and CD74+ leukemia cells possess stemness properties, suggesting that CD74 is a candidate LSC surface marker. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The efficient processing of large-scale data has very important practical value. In this study, a data mining platform based on Hadoop distributed file system was designed, and then K-means algorithm was improved with the idea of max-min distance. On Hadoop distributed file system platform, the parallelization was realized by MapReduce. Finally, the data processing effect of the algorithm was analyzed with Iris data set. The results showed that the parallel algorithm divided more correct samples than the traditional algorithm; in the single-machine environment, the parallel algorithm ran longer; in the face of large data sets, the traditional algorithm had insufficient memory, but the parallel algorithm completed the calculation task; the acceleration ratio of the parallel algorithm was raised with the expansion of cluster size and data set size, showing a good parallel effect. The experimental results verifies the reliability of parallel algorithm in big data processing, which makes some contributions to further improve the efficiency of data mining.

Given that tumor microenvironment (TME) exerts adverse impact on the therapeutic response and clinical outcome, robust TME modulators may significantly improve the curative effect and increase survival benefits of cancer patients. Here, Au nanodots‐anchored CoFe2O4 nanoflowers with PEGylation (CFAP) are developed to respond to TME cues, aiming to exacerbate redox dyshomeostasis for efficacious antineoplastic therapy under ultrasound (US) irradiation. After uptake by tumor cells, CFAP with glucose oxidase (GOx)‐like activity can facilitate glucose depletion and promote the production of H2O2. Multivalent elements of Co(II)/Co(III) and Fe(II)/Fe(III) in CFAP display strong Fenton‐like activity for·OH production from H2O2. On the other hand, energy band structure CFAP is superior for US‐actuated 1O2 generation, relying on the enhanced separation and retarded recombination of e−/h+ pairs. In addition, catalase‐mimic CFAP can react with cytosolic H2O2 to generate molecular oxygen, which may increase the product yields from O2‐consuming reactions, such as glucose oxidation and sonosensitization processes. Besides the massive production of reactive oxygen species, CFAP is also capable of exhausting glutathione to devastate intracellular redox balance. Severe immunogenic cell death and effective inhibition of solid tumor by CFAP demonstrates the clinical potency of such heterogeneous structure and may inspire more relevant designs for disease therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, force magnetic coupling J-A model did not consider the influences of do¬main wall thickness and multi cycle dynamic cyclic stresses in pinning fields, which resulted in an overestimation of stress magnetization values in the J-A model that could not accurately describe early atigue damages. Therefore, based on domain wall theory and Burgers dislocation theory, the domain wall thickness factor was introduced to improve the pinning field equation of the J-A model. Further¬more, factors such as stress amplitude and cycle number of cyclic loads were considered, and a J-A-JV orce magnetic coupling mechanism model under multi cycle dynamic cyclic stress was established. Magnetization laws were obtained under different dynamic cyclic stress amplitudes σa and mean stress <7m. With the same cycle times, the σa mainly affects the stress magnetization rate, while the static mean stress σm mainly affects the stress saturation magnetization size. When the same σm is constant, with the increase of σa, the speed of reaching stress saturation state increases. When the same σa is onstant, the stress saturation magnetization decreases with the increase of aul. To verify the effective¬ness of the J-A-JV model, magnetic field signal detection experiments were conducted on 45 steel three-point bending specimens under multi cycle dynamic cyclic stress, and the experimental results are consistent with the model ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Migraine is one of the most common diseases worldwide while current treatment options are not ideal. New therapeutic classes of migraine, the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) antagonists, have been developed and shown considerable effectiveness and safety. The present study aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of atogepant, a CGRP antagonist, for migraine prophylaxis from the results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: The Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed and https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ were searched for RCTs that compared atogepant with placebo for migraine prophylaxis from inception of the databases to Feb 1, 2024. Outcome data involving efficacy and safety were combined and analyzed using Review Manager Software version 5.3 (RevMan 5.3). For each outcome, risk ratios (RRs) or standardized mean difference (SMD) were calculated. Results: 4 RCTs with a total of 2813 subjects met our inclusion criteria. The overall effect estimate showed that atogepant was significantly superior to placebo in terms of the reduction of monthly migraine (SMD − 0.40, 95% CI -0.46 to -0.34) or headache (SMD − 0.39, 95% CI -0.46 to -0.33) days, the reduction of acute medication use days (SMD − 0.45, 95% CI -0.51 to -0.39) and 50% responder rate (RR 1.66, 95% CI 1.46 to 1.89), while no dose-related improvements were found between different dosage groups. For the safety, significant number of patients experienced treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) with atogepant than with placebo (RR 1.10, 95% CI 1.02–1.21) while there was no obvious difference between the five dosage groups. Most TEAEs involved constipation (RR 2.55, 95% CI 1.91–3.41), nausea (RR 2.19, 95% CI 1.67–2.87) and urinary tract infection (RR 1.49, 95% CI 1.05–2.11). In addition, a high dosage of atogepant may also increase the risk of treatment-related TEAEs (RR 1.64, 95% CI 1.02–2.63) and fatigue (RR 3.07, 95% CI 1.13–8.35). Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests that atogepant is effective and tolerable for migraine prophylaxis including episodic or chronic migraine compared with placebo. It is critical to weigh the benefits of different doses against the risk of adverse events in clinical application of atogepant. Longer and multi-dose trials with larger sample sizes are required to verify the current findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal magnetic memory (MMM) is a nondestructive testing technology based on the magnetomechanical effect, which is widely used in the qualitative detection of stress concentration zones for welded joints. However, there is inevitable residual stress after welding, which brings the bottleneck of quantitative identification between the weld residual stress concentration and the early hidden damage. In order to overcome the bottleneck of quantitative identification of weld defect levels with MMM technology, a modified maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) MMM quantitative identifying model is first proposed. The experimental materials are Q235B welded plate specimens. Fatigue tension experiments were operated to find the MMM feature laws of critical hidden crack by comparing with synchronous X-ray detection results. Six MMM characteristic parameters, which are, ΔHp(x), Gxmax, Zxmax, ΔHp(y), Gymax and Zymax, are extracted corresponding to the normal state, the hidden crack state and the macroscopic crack, respectively. The MLE values of the six parameters are obtained by the kernel density functions with optimized bandwidth from the view of mathematical statistics. Furthermore, the modified MLE MMM quantitative identifying model is established based on D–S theory to overcome the partial overlap of MLE values among different defect levels, of which the uncertainty is as low as 0.3%. The verification result from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is consistent with the prediction of the modified MLE MMM model, which provides a new method for quantitative identification of weld defect levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]