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Background: Understanding the epidemiology and prevalence of febrile urinary tract infection (fUTI) in children is important for risk stratification and selecting appropriate urine sample collection candidates to aid in its diagnosis and treatment.Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the epidemiology, etiology, and changes in antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the first fUTI in children.Methods: This retrospective observational cohort study included children younger than 19 years of age who were diagnosed and treated for their first fUTI in 2006–2016. Electronic medical records were analyzed and radiologic images were evaluated.Results: A total of 359 patients (median age, 5.1 months; interquartile range, 3.0–10.5 months) fit the inclusion criteria; of them, 78.0% (n=280) were younger than 12 months old. The male to female ratio was 5.3:1 for patients aged 0–2 months, 2.1:1 for those 3–5 months, and 1.6:1 for those 6–11 months. Beyond 12 months of age, there was a female predominance. Escherichia coli was the leading cause (83.8%), followed by Enterococcus species (6.7%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (3.6%). Significant yearly increases in the proportions of multidrug-resistant strains (PPP=0.03).Conclusion: fUTI was most prevalent in children younger than 12 months of age and showed a female predominance in patients older than 12 months of age. The proportion of ESBL producers causing fUTI is increasing. Carbapenems, rather than noncarbapenems, should be considered for treating fUTI caused by ESBL-producing enteric gram-negative rods to reduce short-term recurrence rates in children with VUR.

Background Childhood-onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is a rare disease, with more than 50% of patients presenting with cytopenia of a decrease in at least one cell line. Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether clinical characteristics differed according to hematologic manifestation. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the presenting clinical and laboratory manifestations for 40 pediatric SLE patients (mean age 13.4 years, range 0-18 years), with leukopenia (n=12) and thrombocytopenia (n=15). Variables including age, inflammatory markers (ESR and CRP), prothrombin time, complement system (C3, C4 and CH50), immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA and IgM), Lupus anticoagulant ratio, antinuclear antibody, anti-phospholipid antibody, anti-platelet antibodies, anti β2-glycoprotein antibody, anti-cardiolipin antibody, anti-smith antibody and anti-dsDNA antibody levels were compared according to grouping by presence of leukopenia ( Results Patients with cytopenia showed younger age at diagnosis than without (mean 13.1 vs. 15.2 years, p=0.0031 for leukopenia and 12.8 vs. 15.2 years, p=0.014 for thrombocytopenia), although the onset of puberty might not contribute to cytopenia. Patients with leukopenia showed lower C3 level than without (mean 44.7 vs. 73.7, p=0.013). Patients with thrombocytopenia showed lower anti-dsDNA titer than without (mean 94.1 vs. 259.8, p=0.038), and was more often negative for anti-platelet antibody (Ib/IX). There were no statistical differences among other variables. Also, there was no significant difference in one cell line decrement compared with both. Conclusion Pediatric SLE patients with leukopenia and thrombocytopenia in our study may independently decrease the levels of C3 and anti-dsDNA/anti-platelet (Ib/IX) antibody, suggesting respective pathologic pathways that do not affect each other. Disclosure of Interests None declared

Background The Republic of Korea has the highest incidence rate of tuberculosis (TB) among members of the OECD, reported as 78.8/100,000 population in 2016. In response, a state-run intensive contact investigation for TB is being conducted. More effective TB control requires an epidemiologic emphasis on the diagnosis and treatment of latent TB infections in children and adolescents, compared with other age groups. Here we present an analysis of data from the childcare center and school contact investigation by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2013–2015. Methods Data collected from index patients included age, sex, occupation, disease status, results of AFB smear/culture, and chest x-ray. Data collected from contacts included age, sex, results of serial tuberculin skin test (TST), and chest x-ray. Congregate settings included childcare centers, kindergartens, elementary and secondary schools, and age groups were stratified as follows: 0–4 years, 5–12 years, and 13–18 years. TSTs were considered positive if induration ≥10 mm on the first test (TST1) or demonstrated an increase ≥6 mm over the induration of TST1 on repeat testing after 8 weeks (TST2). Results Of the 197,801 subjects with data collected, 173,998 were eligible and included in our analysis. TST1 results were available for 159,346 (91.6%) and when results were positive, induration was 10–14 mm in 7.6% and ≥15 mm in 1.5%. TST2 results were available for 119,797 (82.7%) of the 144,904 with negative TST1, and conversion rate was 9.0%. Altogether considering TST1 and TST2, 17.3% contacts had latent TB infections. Positive rates of TST significantly decreased with age: 20.3% in 0–4 years, 18.8% in 5–12 years, 17.1% in 13–18 years. Conclusion In this 3-year school-setting contact investigation, 17.3% contacts were diagnosed with latent TB infection, as demonstrated by TST reactions. Positive rates of TST significantly but mildly decreased with age. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.