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4. Pluralism, paralysis, practice: making environmental knowledge usable.

Author

White, James M. and Lidskog, Rolf

Subjects
*ENVIRONMENTAL literacy, *PLURALISM, *PARALYSIS, *TRADITIONAL knowledge, *SOCIAL scientists, *INDIGENOUS children, *ECOSYSTEM services
Abstract

In recent years, the global environmental science-policy interface has come to include a greater variety of knowledge. Social scientists have joined natural scientists at the policy table, and Indigenous and local knowledge is being taken ever more seriously. But this pluralisation raises political, normative, and epistemic challenges for environmental expert organisations, including with respect to how knowledge is managed, how it is judged to be valid, how it is made policy-relevant, and how it is presented to policy-makers and decision-takers. Based on an interview study of experts involved in the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES), we identify three broad approaches to these challenges: the integrationist logic, which seeks to combine all knowledge into a single ontology; the parallelist, which looks for similarities and connections between irreconcilable ontologies; and the pragmatist, which strives to apply knowledge when and where it will have the greatest positive impact. Rather than champion any one of these approaches, the paper explores their origins and how they negotiate paralyses to the timeliness of work. In avoiding ultimate formalisation of how value and knowledge pluralism are to be handled, IPBES allow more contextually sensitive practices to come to the fore. The paper concludes by discussing implications for environmental expertise more broadly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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18. An extensive late Cenozoic terrestrial record of multiple glaciations preserved in the Tintina Trench of west-central Yukon: stratigraphy, paleomagnetism, paleosols, and pollen

Author

Duk-Rodkin, Alejandra, Barendregt, Rene W., and White, James M.

Subjects
Paleosols -- Environmental aspects -- Research, Geology, Stratigraphic -- Research -- Environmental aspects, Paleomagnetism -- Research -- Environmental aspects, Yukon Territory -- Environmental aspects
Abstract

The Tintina Trench in west-central Yukon is a late Miocene graben formed along the antecedent early Tertiary Tintina fault. Since its formation the trench has served as a sediment trap for alluvial and glacial deposits. An extensive record of preglacial, glacial, and interglacial sediments spanning the late Pliocene to late Pleistocene has been preserved and is exposed today in modern landslide scars. This sedimentary record comprises multiple sequences of tills, outwash, mudflows, loess, and paleosols. The glacial sediments are the product of both local (montane) and regional (Cordilleran) ice advances that channeled into the trench, while loess and well-developed paleosols (brunisols and luvisols) reflect nonglacial and interglacial conditions, respectively. The Tintina Trench exposures provide the most complete record of glaciations for the region. Paleomagnetism, paleosols, and palynology provide age constraints for the geological events. A formal stratigraphic nomenclature is proposed for this region. The name West Tintina Trench Allogroup is assigned to the glacial-interglacial and nonglacial strata that occurs above a major regional Miocene-Pliocene unconformity. The allogroup spans the late Pliocene (3.6 Ma) to middle Pleistocene (0.126 Ma), based on magnetostratigraphy and pollen data. The sequence includes an alluvial deposit at the base, overlain by an extensive sequence of tills and outwash, and capped by loess. Paleosols and weathering horizons occur throughout the sequence. Tintina Trench; Beringia; glacial chronology; magnetostratigraphy; early and middle Pleistocene; Yukon paleoenvironments; Yukon paleosols; Yukon pollen; North American glaciations; West Tintina Trench Allogroup. Le sillon de Tintina dans le centre ouest du Yukon est un graben du Miocene tardif, forme le long de l'ancienne faille de Tintina (Tertiaire precoce). Depuis sa formation, le sillon a servi de piege a sediments pour les depots alluvionnaires et glaciaires. Un enregistrement complet de sediments preglaciaires, glaciaires et interglaciaires datant du Pliocene tardif au Pleistocene tardif a ete preserve et affleure maintenant dans des cicatrices de glissements modernes. Ces depots sedimentaires comprennent de multiples sequences de tills, de depots fluvio-glaciaires, de loess et de paleosols. Les sediments glaciaires proviennent d'avancees glaciaires locales (subalpines) et regionales (de la Cordillere) qui ont ete dirigeees dans le sillon alors que le loss et les paleosols bien developpes (brunisols et luvisols) refletent respectivement des conditions non glaciaires et interglaciaires. Les affleurements du sillon de Tintina fournissent les donnees les plus completes des glaciations pour la region. Le paleeomagneetisme, les paleosols et la palynologie fournissement des cadres pour l'age des evenements geologiques. Nous proposons une nomenclature stratigraphique formelle pour cette region. Le nom West Tintina Trench Allogroup [Allogroupe du sillon de Tintina occidental] est assigne aux strates glaciaires-interglaciaires et non glaciaires qui se trouvent au-dessus d'une discordance majeure regionale entre le Miocene et le Pliocene. Selon la magneetostratigraphie et les donnees sur le pollen, l'allogroupe couvre la periode du Pliocene tardif (3,6 Ma) au Pleistocene moyen (0,126 Ma). La sequence comprend un depot d'alluvions a la base, recouvert d'une importante sequence de tills et de depots fluvio-glaciaires, chapeauteee par du loss. Des horizons de paleosols et d'alteration se retrouvent a travers toute la sequence. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction The southwestern Yukon and southeastern Alaska region of northwestern North America (Fig. 1) contains an extensive glacial record dating back to the late Miocene--early Pliocene (Denton and Armstrong 1969). [...]

Published
2010
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19. Colonel V. A. Pashkov: Leader of Russia’s Lost Reformation

Author

White, James M. and White, James M.

Abstract

The reviewer considers Filipp Nikitin’s new book on Colonal Vasilii A. Pashkov, a Russian Evangelical leader in the 1870s and 1880s. A rich Russian aristocrat and landowner, Pashkov was an unlikely missionary, but his conversion at the hands of the British Lord Radstock in 1874 led to a lifetime of preaching and charity among both social elites and the lowest members of society. Although initially not in conflict with the Russian Orthodox Church, Pashkov’s increasing prominence and his efforts to unite Russia’s various Evangelical movements led to his exile in 1884, where he remained for the rest of his life. The reviewer compliments Nikitin’s comprehensive use of archival sources, drawn from a huge number of collections in Russia and abroad. This makes his book a significant contribution to the historiography, much of which is fragmented or out of date. The author’s decision to release previously unpublished documents in the book’s appendix is an excellent contribution. However, the reviewer points out that Nikitin quotes too much from and relies too heavily on source material, which drowns out his authorial voice: it is argued that the author should spend more time analysing the sources rather than just quoting them. The reviewer also suggests bringing in more contextualisation and consulting some of the recent conceptual approaches to religious biography., Рецензия посвящена новой книге Ф. Н. Никитина, посвященной полковнику В. А. Пашкову, лидеру российской евангельской церкви в 1870–1880‑х гг. Пашков, богатый российский аристократ и землевладелец, был не самой ожидаемой кандидатурой на роль религиозного миссионера, однако его обращение, свершившееся благодаря британскому лорду Г. Редстоку в 1874 г., привело его на путь проповеди и благотворительности как среди социальных элит, так и среди низших слоев общества. Хотя первоначально Пашков не конфликтовал с православной церковью, рост его влияния и предпринятые им попытки объединить различные евангельские движения в России привели к его высылке из страны в 1884 г.; умер он в изгнании. Рецензент высоко оценивает глубокое знание Никитиным источников, почерпнутое из работы с многочисленными архивными коллекциями документов не только в России, но и за рубежом. Это делает книгу крупным вкладом в историографию, большая часть которой устарела или фрагментирована. Большим вкладом стала и публикация ранее неизвестных документов в виде приложения к книге. Однако рецензент отмечает, что в ряде случаев Никитин чрезмерно полагается на пространное цитирование документов, что неизбежно приглушает авторский голос: думается, автор мог бы более детально анализировать источники, а не просто их цитировать. Кроме того, рецензент полагает, что более широкая контекстуализация и использование ряда современных концептуальных подходов к изучению религиозной биографии могли бы усилить аргументацию автора книги.

Published
2021

20. Navigating an Orthodox conversion : community, environment, and religion on the Island of Ruhnu, 1866-7

Author

Tøllefsen, Trond, White, James M., Tøllefsen, Trond, and White, James M.

Abstract

Over the summer of 1866, the majority of the Swedish-speaking population on the Baltic island of Ruhnu (then part of the Russian Empire's Livland province) sought conversion from Lutheranism to Russian Orthodoxy. Despite interest from the Russian secular and ecclesiastical authorities, however, the conversions did not take place. The islanders used the threat of conversion to leverage concessions from the Lutheran consistory: once achieved, the community lost any interest in pursuing Orthodoxy further. The following article analyses largely unknown sources from both Estonian and Swedish archives to show how the island's social structure and peculiar geographical position conditioned its inhabitants' religious choices, thereby providing insight into a previously unstudied instance of peasant agency in the Russian Empire and contributing to studies of that polity's environmental, ethnic, and confessional diversity.

Published
2021
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23. Social scientific knowledge in times of crisis : What climate change can learn from coronavirus (and vice versa)

Author

Hulme, Mike, Lidskog, Rolf, White, James M., Standring, Adam, Hulme, Mike, Lidskog, Rolf, White, James M., and Standring, Adam

Abstract

Crisis, by its very nature, requires decisive intervention. However, important questions can be obscured by the very immediacy of the crisis condition. What is the nature of the crisis? How it is defined (and by whom)? And, subsequently, what forms of knowledge are deemed legitimate and authoritative for informing interventions? As we see in the current pandemic, there is a desire for immediate answers and solutions during periods of uncertainty. Policymakers and publics grasp for techno-scientific solutions, as though the technical nature of the crisis is self-evident. What is often obscured by this impulse is the contingent, conjunctural and ultimately social nature of these crises. The danger here is that by focussing on immediate technical goals, unanticipated secondary effects are produced. These either exacerbate the existing crisis or else produce subsequent further crises. Equally, these technical goals can conceal the varied, and often unjust, distribution of risk exposure and resources and capacities for mitigation present within and between societies. These socio-political factors all have important functions in determining the effectiveness of interventions. As with climate change, the unfolding response to the COVID-19 pandemic underscores the importance of broadening the knowledge base beyond technical considerations. Only by including social scientific knowledge is it possible to understand the social nature of the crises we face. Only then is it possible to develop effective, just and legitimate responses.

Published
2020
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26. Modelling the spread and control of Xylella fastidiosa in the early stages of invasion in Apulia, Italy

Author

Steven M. White . James M. Bullock . Danny A. P. Hooftman . Daniel S. Chapman

Subjects
Buffer zone, CoDiRO, Olea europaea, Olive quick decline syndrome, Pierce's disease, X. fastidiosa
Abstract

Xylella fastidiosa is an important plant pathogen that attacks several plants of economic importance. Once restricted to the Americas, the bacterium, which causes olive quick decline syndrome, was discovered near Lecce, Italy in 2013. Since the initial outbreak, it has invaded 23,000 ha of olives in the Apulian Region, southern Italy, and is of great concern throughout Mediterranean basin. Therefore, predicting its spread and estimating the efficacy of control are of utmost importance. As data on this invasive infectious disease are poor, we have developed a spatially-explicit simulation model for X. fastidiosa to provide guidance for predicting spread in the early stages of invasion and inform management strategies. The model qualitatively and quantitatively predicts the patterns of spread. We model control zones currently employed in Apulia, showing that increasing buffer widths decrease infection risk beyond the control zone, but this may not halt the spread completely due to stochastic long-distance jumps caused by vector dispersal. Therefore, management practices should aim to reduce vector long-distance dispersal. We find optimal control scenarios that minimise control effort while reducing X. fastidiosa spread maximally—suggesting that increasing buffer zone widths should be favoured over surveillance efforts as control budgets increase. Our model highlights the importance of non-olive hosts which increase the spread rate of the disease and may lead to an order of magnitude increase in risk. Many aspects of X. fastidiosa disease invasion remain uncertain and hinder forecasting; we recommend future studies investigating quantification of the infection growth rate, and short and long distance dispersal.

Published
2017

28. Edinoverie and official Orthodoxy: the failure of unity in ceremonial practice (1900–1913)

Author

White, James M. and Palkin, A.

Subjects
ПРАВОСЛАВНАЯ ЦЕРКОВЬ, АННА КАШИНСКАЯ, EDINOVERIE, ЦЕРЕМОНИИ, СТАРООБРЯДЧЕСТВО, СЪЕЗДЫ ЕДИНОВЕРЦЕВ, ОБРЯДЫ, RITUALS, ЕДИНОВЕРИЕ, РОССИЯ, РИТУАЛЫ, RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH, OLD BELIEF, CEREMONIES, SCHISM
Abstract

The article was submitted on 23.04.2015. Translated by Alexander Palkin. This article examines the way in which the Russian Orthodox Church used ceremonies between 1900 and 1913 to show unity with edinoverie, a century-old uniate movement for Old Believer converts. Edinoverie was a compromise movement that allowed these converts to keep their rituals in exchange for loyalty to the Orthodox hierarchy. The early twentieth-century ceremonies were spectacles which aimed to convince the edinovercy' that they were fully part of the Orthodox Church, to reduce tension and criticism, and defend the Church’s authority. However, Old Believers, secular journalists, and yedinoverie separatists appropriated the ceremonies to serve their own goals. In particular, the alternative vision of an autonomous and inviolable edinoverie offered by the separatists led to infighting during the ceremonies, disrupting any sense of unity. As a result, the ceremonies failed and edinoverie separatism remained strong until at least 1918. These ceremonies considered within this article include the centenary of edinoverie’s existence in 1900 in several cities, the opening of edinoverie congresses between 1905 and 1912, the canonisation of Anna of Kashin in 1909, and the visit of the Patriarch of Antioch to Russia in 1913. This article is principally based on descriptions of ceremonies found in a variety of articles and books from both edinovercy' and Orthodox believers. Old Believer and secular journals have also been examined to find interpretations of the ceremonies that were opposed to the messages that the Church intended to spread through the ceremonies. Some archival evidence has also been considered. The article employs semiotic analysis of the ceremonies in order to demonstrate their explicit and implicit messages. It also conceptualises the ceremonies as stages where the Church’s authority was confirmed through collective rituals. However, it also notes that these stages offered rival groups the opportunity to resist this demonstration of power, challenge the legitimacy of the Holy Synod, and appropriate the performances for their own ideological aims. In doing so, the article adapts recent insights from ritual studies to innovate the historiography surrounding edinoverie and provide a different perspective on the fate of religious compromise movements at the dawn of the twentieth century. В статье рассматривается, каким образом Русская православная церковь использовала церемонии 1900‒1913 гг., чтобы продемонстрировать единство с единоверием (к тому времени столетним движением, ориентированным на единение обращенных старообрядцев с официальным православием). Единоверие было компромиссным движением, которое позволяло обращенным староверам сохранять свои обряды в обмен на лояльность к православной иерархии. Церемонии начала XX в. представляли собой действа, целью которых было убедить единоверцев, что они являются полноценной частью православной церкви, уменьшить напряженность взаимоотношений и критику с их стороны, а также укрепить власть церкви. В то же время старообрядцы, светские журналисты и единоверческие «сепаратисты» пытались использовать церемонии в своих целях. Однако альтернативное видение автономного и неприкосновенного единоверия, предлагавшееся «сепаратистами», вело к распрям во время церемоний и подрывало пафос единства. В результате церемонии не выполнили свою задачу, и единоверческий «сепаратизм» оставался в силе по меньшей мере до 1918 г. Рассматриваемые в статье церемонии включали празднование столетнего юбилея единоверия в 1900 г. в нескольких городах, открытие единоверческих съездов в 1905‒1912 гг., канонизацию Анны Кашинской в 1909 г. и визит Антиохийского патриарха в Россию в 1913 г. Источниковедческой основой послужили: описание церемоний, опубликованные как единоверцами, так и православными; старообрядческие и светские журналы оппозиционного характера, а также архивные материалы. В статье проводится семиотический анализ церемоний с целью демонстрации их эксплицитного и имплицитного обращений. Церемонии рассматриваются как «сцены», на которых через общественные ритуалы утверждалась власть церкви. Церемонии в то же время предоставляли возможность соперничавшим группам противостоять этой демонстрации власти, бросать вызов легитимности Святейшего синода и использовать описанные события в собственных идеологических целях. В статье используются современные концепции изучения ритуалов с целью дополнить историографию проблемы и взглянуть в другом контексте на возможности достижения религиозного компромисса в начале XX в.

Published
2015

33. Единоверие и официальное православие: неудавшийся опыт объединения в практике публичных церемоний (1900-1913)

Author

Palkin, A., White, James M., Уайт, Джеймс М., Palkin, A., White, James M., and Уайт, Джеймс М.

Abstract

This article examines the way in which the Russian Orthodox Church used ceremonies between 1900 and 1913 to show unity with edinoverie, a century-old uniate movement for Old Believer converts. Edinoverie was a compromise movement that allowed these converts to keep their rituals in exchange for loyalty to the Orthodox hierarchy. The early twentieth-century ceremonies were spectacles which aimed to convince the edinovercy' that they were fully part of the Orthodox Church, to reduce tension and criticism, and defend the Church’s authority. However, Old Believers, secular journalists, and yedinoverie separatists appropriated the ceremonies to serve their own goals. In particular, the alternative vision of an autonomous and inviolable edinoverie offered by the separatists led to infighting during the ceremonies, disrupting any sense of unity. As a result, the ceremonies failed and edinoverie separatism remained strong until at least 1918. These ceremonies considered within this article include the centenary of edinoverie’s existence in 1900 in several cities, the opening of edinoverie congresses between 1905 and 1912, the canonisation of Anna of Kashin in 1909, and the visit of the Patriarch of Antioch to Russia in 1913. This article is principally based on descriptions of ceremonies found in a variety of articles and books from both edinovercy' and Orthodox believers. Old Believer and secular journals have also been examined to find interpretations of the ceremonies that were opposed to the messages that the Church intended to spread through the ceremonies. Some archival evidence has also been considered. The article employs semiotic analysis of the ceremonies in order to demonstrate their explicit and implicit messages. It also conceptualises the ceremonies as stages where the Church’s authority was confirmed through collective rituals. However, it also notes that these stages offered rival groups the opportunity to resist this demonstration of power, challenge the le, В статье рассматривается, каким образом Русская православная церковь использовала церемонии 1900‒1913 гг., чтобы продемонстрировать единство с единоверием (к тому времени столетним движением, ориентированным на единение обращенных старообрядцев с официальным православием). Единоверие было компромиссным движением, которое позволяло обращенным староверам сохранять свои обряды в обмен на лояльность к православной иерархии. Церемонии начала XX в. представляли собой действа, целью которых было убедить единоверцев, что они являются полноценной частью православной церкви, уменьшить напряженность взаимоотношений и критику с их стороны, а также укрепить власть церкви. В то же время старообрядцы, светские журналисты и единоверческие «сепаратисты» пытались использовать церемонии в своих целях. Однако альтернативное видение автономного и неприкосновенного единоверия, предлагавшееся «сепаратистами», вело к распрям во время церемоний и подрывало пафос единства. В результате церемонии не выполнили свою задачу, и единоверческий «сепаратизм» оставался в силе по меньшей мере до 1918 г. Рассматриваемые в статье церемонии включали празднование столетнего юбилея единоверия в 1900 г. в нескольких городах, открытие единоверческих съездов в 1905‒1912 гг., канонизацию Анны Кашинской в 1909 г. и визит Антиохийского патриарха в Россию в 1913 г. Источниковедческой основой послужили: описание церемоний, опубликованные как единоверцами, так и православными; старообрядческие и светские журналы оппозиционного характера, а также архивные материалы. В статье проводится семиотический анализ церемоний с целью демонстрации их эксплицитного и имплицитного обращений. Церемонии рассматриваются как «сцены», на которых через общественные ритуалы утверждалась власть церкви. Церемонии в то же время предоставляли возможность соперничавшим группам противостоять этой демонстрации власти, бросать вызов легитимности Святейшего синода и использовать описанные события в собственных идеологических целях. В статье исп

Published
2015

35. Understanding Family Process: Basics of Family Systems Theory

Author

White, James M.

Subjects
Understanding Family Process: Basics of Family Systems Theory (Book) -- Book reviews, Books -- Book reviews
Abstract

The intellectual inheritance for family process theory is indeed diverse. Listed among the progenitors would be Shannon and Weaver's mathematical theory of communication, Weiner's cybernetics, the influence of Gregory Bateson, […]

Published
1995

36. Young adults' responses to alternative messages describing a sugar-sweetened beverage price increase.

Author

Gollust, Sarah E, Tang, Xuyang, White, James M, French, Simone A, Runge, Carlisle Ford, and Rothman, Alexander J

Subjects
YOUNG adults, SWEETENERS, BEVERAGE additives, OBESITY, MEDICAL care
Abstract

Objective: Many jurisdictions in the USA and globally are considering raising the prices of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) through taxes as a strategy to reduce their consumption. The objective of the present study was to identify whether the rationale provided for an SSB price increase affects young adults' behavioural intentions and attitudes towards SSB.Design: Participants were randomly assigned to receive one of eight SSB price increase rationales. Intentions to purchase SSB and attitudes about the product and policy were measured.Setting: A forty-six-item cross-sectional Internet survey.Subjects: Undergraduate students (n 494) at a large US Midwestern university.Results: Rationale type was significantly associated with differences in participants' purchasing intentions for the full sample (F 7,485=2·53, P=0·014). Presenting the rationale for an SSB price increase as a user fee, an effort to reduce obesity, a strategy to offset health-care costs or to protect children led to lower SSB purchasing intentions compared with a message with no rationale. Rationale type was also significantly associated with differences in perceptions of soda companies (F 7,485=2·10, P=0·043); among low consumers of SSB, messages describing the price increase as a user fee or tax led to more negative perceptions of soda companies.Conclusions: The rationale attached to an SSB price increase could influence consumers. However, these message effects may depend on individuals' level of SSB consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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37. Family Research: A Sixty-Year Review

Author

White, James M.

Subjects
Family Research: A Sixty-Year Review (Book) -- Book reviews, Books -- Book reviews
Abstract

This book sat on my desk for two weeks before I had the time to seriously read it. During this two week period the book was borrowed by three graduate […]

Published
1993

40. Special Reviewers

Author

Abma, Joyce, primary, Acock, Alan, additional, Acs, Gregory, additional, Adams, Michele, additional, Adams, Ryan, additional, Adler, Marina A., additional, Adler‐Baeder, Francesca, additional, Ainsworth, James W., additional, Amin, Sajeda, additional, Anderson, Kathryn, additional, Anderson, Kristin, additional, Anderson, Peter, additional, Anderson, Siwan, additional, Angel, Jacqueline, additional, Arrighi, Barbara, additional, Atkinson, Alice M., additional, Avellar, Sarah, additional, Babcock, Renee, additional, Baber, Kristine, additional, Bachman, Heather, additional, Badgett, M. V. Lee, additional, Bahr, Kathleen S., additional, Bahr, Stephen, additional, Baker, Paul, additional, Banerjee, Leena, additional, Barber, Jennifer, additional, Barker, Judith C., additional, Barnes, Grace M., additional, Barnett, Rosalind C., additional, Barnett, Rosemary, additional, Bartell, Denise S., additional, Bartfeld, Judi, additional, Bartkowski, John, additional, Bartle‐Haring, Suzanne, additional, Bass, Brenda L., additional, Batson, Christie D., additional, Baum II, Charles L., additional, Bauman, Karl E., additional, Beach, Steven, additional, Beattie, Irenee R., additional, Beets, Gijs, additional, Belcastro, Philip, additional, Benda, Brent B., additional, Benin, Mary, additional, Benson, Mark, additional, Berardo, Felix M., additional, Berger, Lawrence M., additional, Berger, Roni, additional, Berke, Debra L., additional, Berry, Brent, additional, Beutel, Ann M., additional, Biddlecom, Ann, additional, Bielby, Denise D., additional, Binstock, Georgina, additional, Bjarnason, Thoroddur, additional, Blair, Clancy, additional, Blaisure, Karen R., additional, Blieszner, Rosemary, additional, Blume, Libby, additional, Bõgin, Catherine, additional, Bokker, Lon, additional, Bornstein, Marc, additional, Borsella, Angela, additional, Boss, Pauline, additional, Bouchard, Genevieve, additional, Bouchey, Heather, additional, Bould, Sally, additional, Boxer, Paul, additional, Boyce Rodgers, Kathleen, additional, Bozick, Robert, additional, Bradbury, Thomas N., additional, Bradley, Robert H., additional, Brady‐Smith, Christy, additional, Bratter, Jenifer, additional, Braun, Bonnie, additional, Brayfield, April A., additional, Brennom, Jennifer M., additional, Britto, Pia, additional, Brown, B. Bradford, additional, Brown, J. Brian, additional, Brown, Susan L., additional, Jane Brubaker, Sarah, additional, Bryson, Alex, additional, Buchanan, Christy, additional, Budescu, David V., additional, Bufford, Rodger, additional, Bulanda, Jennifer, additional, Bulanda, Ronald, additional, Bumpass, Larry L., additional, Bumpus, Matt, additional, Burdette, Amy M., additional, Burgoyne, Carole, additional, Burr, Jeffrey A., additional, Butler, Amy C., additional, Butler, Sarah M., additional, Bygren, Magnus, additional, Campbell, Lori, additional, Capaldi, Deborah, additional, Carbone‐Lopez, Kristin, additional, Carder, Paula, additional, Carini, Robert M., additional, Carlson, Elwood, additional, Carlson, Marcy J., additional, Carney, Dana R., additional, Caron, Sandra, additional, Carpenter, Brian, additional, Carrere, Sybil, additional, Cassidy, Margaret L., additional, Castle, Kathryn, additional, Cate, Rodney M., additional, Chan, Willaim, additional, Charles, Maria, additional, Cheal, David, additional, Hee Chee, Kyong, additional, Chen, Zeng‐yin, additional, Cheng, Simon, additional, Chesley, Noelle, additional, Chito Childs, Erica, additional, Christensen, Andrew, additional, Christopher, Karen L., additional, Christopher, F. Scott, additional, Ciabattari, Teresa, additional, Clements, Andrea D., additional, Clements, Mari, additional, Coatsworth, Doug, additional, Cody, Susan, additional, Cody‐Rydzewski, Susan R., additional, Cognard‐Black, Andrew, additional, Cohan, Catherine, additional, Coles, Roberta L., additional, Levine Coley, Rebekah, additional, Coltrane, Scott, additional, Conley, Terri, additional, Arnet Connidis, Ingrid, additional, Cook, Cynthia T., additional, Cookston, Jeff, additional, Cordova, James V., additional, Cornelius, Tara, additional, Crawford, Duane, additional, Cready, Cynthia M., additional, Crosnoe, Robert, additional, Crowder, Kyle D., additional, Cui, Ming, additional, Curran, Sara, additional, Daly, Martin, additional, David, Kevin M., additional, Davies, Lorraine, additional, Davis, Kelly, additional, Davis, Shannon N., additional, Davis‐Kean, Pamela, additional, De Oliveira, Ebenezer, additional, De St. Aubin, Ed, additional, De Valk, Helga, additional, De Vos, Susan, additional, Deater‐Deckard, Kirby, additional, DeGarmo, David, additional, DeKeseredy, Walter, additional, DeLeire, Thomas, additional, DeLuccie, Mary, additional, Demo, David H., additional, Dempster‐McClain, Donna, additional, Denham, Susanne, additional, Denton, Wayne, additional, DeRose, Laurie, additional, Derscheid, Linda E., additional, Desai, Sonalde, additional, Descartes, Lara, additional, Dew, Jeffrey, additional, Dilworth‐Anderson, Peggye, additional, Dodoo, Francis, additional, Dodson, Lisa, additional, Doll, Kevin, additional, Dollahite, David C., additional, Donnelly, Brenda W., additional, Donnelly, Denise A., additional, Doss, Brian, additional, Drigotas, Stephen, additional, Duncan, Greg J., additional, Duncan, Karen A., additional, Dunham, Charlotte, additional, Dunifon, Rachel, additional, Dunsmore, Julie, additional, Durden, T. Elizabeth, additional, Duxbury, Linda, additional, Dykstra, Pearl, additional, Edin, Kathryn, additional, Edwards, Mark, additional, Ehrenberg, Marion, additional, Ehrle Macomber, Jennifer L., additional, Elliott Wilson, Melanie E., additional, Elman, Cheryl, additional, Epstein, Norman, additional, Eriksen, Shelly, additional, Erlin, Carrie S., additional, Evertsson, Marie, additional, Feinberg, Mark, additional, Felson, Richard B., additional, Feltey, Kathryn, additional, Fenwick, Rudy, additional, Fernando, Rajulton, additional, Ferrick, Margaret, additional, Few, April, additional, Field, Carolyn, additional, Fingerman, Karen L., additional, Fischer, Tamar, additional, Fisher, Terri, additional, Fletcher, Anne C., additional, Fleury‐Steiner, Ruth E., additional, Floyd, Kory, additional, Formoso, Diana, additional, Foster, E. Michael, additional, Franks, Melissa, additional, Frazier, Leslie D., additional, Fruhauf, Christine A., additional, Fruth, Abbey, additional, Kang Fu, Vincent, additional, Fu, Xuanning, additional, Fulcher, Megan, additional, Gage, Anastasia, additional, Gager, Constance T., additional, Gano‐Phillips, Susan, additional, Gao, Ge, additional, Gareis, Karen, additional, Garfinkel, Irwin, additional, Gartner, Rosemary, additional, Gartstein, Maria, additional, Gassanov, Margaret, additional, Gaughan, Monica M., additional, Gavazzi, Stephen M., additional, Ge, Xiaojia, additional, Gennetian, Lisa A., additional, Gerard, Jean, additional, Gerris, Jan, additional, Thompson Gershoff, Elizabeth, additional, Gerteisen Marks, Jennifer P., additional, Giarrusso, Roseann, additional, Gibson‐Davis, Christina, additional, Gierveld, Jenny, additional, Gils, Wouter, additional, Gladstone, Jim, additional, Glaser, Karen, additional, Glenn, Norval, additional, Goldberg, Abbie, additional, Goldberg, Wendy, additional, Golden, Lonnie, additional, Goldscheider, Calvin, additional, Gonzaga, Gian, additional, Good, Marie, additional, Goodnow, Jacqueline, additional, Goodwin, Paula Y., additional, Gordon, Kristina C., additional, Gordon, Rachel, additional, Goyette, Kim A., additional, Gracia, Enrique, additional, Graefe, Deborah, additional, Grant, Darlene, additional, Grasmick, Harold, additional, Green, Kerry, additional, Stevens Greenberg, Jan, additional, Greenfield, Emily A., additional, Greenhaus, Jeffrey H., additional, Greenstein, Theodore, additional, Greve, Arent, additional, Guilamo‐Ramos, Vincent, additional, Guo, Shenyang, additional, Guzzo, Karen, additional, Haas, Linda, additional, Haddock, Shelley A., additional, Hall, Scott, additional, Hamby, Sherry, additional, Hango, Darcy W., additional, Hans, Jason D., additional, Hardesty, Constance, additional, Harknett, Kristen, additional, Harpel, Tammy, additional, Harris, Shanette M., additional, Harwood, Jake, additional, Hawkins, Daniel, additional, Haworth‐Hoeppner, Susan, additional, Heard, Holly, additional, Heaton, Tim B., additional, Helms, Heather, additional, Hendrix, Lewellyn, additional, Henly, Julia R., additional, Henry, Carolyn, additional, Herrick, Susan C., additional, Herting, Jerald, additional, Hertlein, Katherine, additional, Heyman, Richard, additional, Hill, E. Jeffrey, additional, Hiller, Harry H., additional, Hirschl, Thomas, additional, Hoekstra‐Weebers, Josette, additional, Hoelter, Lynette F., additional, Hoffmann, John P., additional, Hofsetter, C. Richard, additional, Hogan, Dennis, additional, Hohmann‐Marriott, Bryndl, additional, Holman, Thomas, additional, Holtzworth‐Munroe, Amy, additional, Honeycutt, James M., additional, Hook, Jennifer, additional, Horwitz, Allan V., additional, Hosley, Cheryl A., additional, Houseknecht, Sharon, additional, Huang, Chien‐Chung, additional, Huber, Joan, additional, Humble, Aine M., additional, Hunter, Andrea, additional, Jo Hunts, Holly, additional, Hwang, Sean‐Shong, additional, Shibley Hyde, Janet, additional, Iacovou, Maria, additional, Iceland, John, additional, Impett, Emily A., additional, Ispa, Jean, additional, Jansen, Miranda, additional, Janson, Gregory R., additional, Jasinski, Jana, additional, Jekielek, Susan, additional, Jeng, Wei‐Shiuan, additional, Jewkes, Rachel, additional, Joesch, Jutta M., additional, Johnson, Matthew, additional, Johnson, Michael P., additional, Johnson, Rosalind B., additional, Jones, Deborah, additional, Jorgensen, Stephen, additional, Joshi, Pamela, additional, Joyner, Kara, additional, Jung, Tony, additional, Kalil, Ariel, additional, Kamo, Yoshinori, additional, Kamp Dush, Claire M., additional, Karremans, Johan, additional, Kasturirangan, Aarati, additional, Kaufman, Gayle, additional, Kaukinen, Catherine, additional, Kazura, Kerry, additional, Kelley, Michelle L., additional, Kemp, Candace, additional, Kerpelman, Jennifer, additional, Kiecolt, K. Jill, additional, Killian, Tim, additional, Kim, Hyoun, additional, Kim, Irene J., additional, Kim, Julia, additional, Kirby, James, additional, Kirkpatrick Johnson, Monica, additional, Kiter Edwards, Margie, additional, Klein, David, additional, Klein, Renate, additional, Klumb, Petra, additional, Knapp, Stan, additional, Knight, Bob, additional, Knoester, Chris, additional, Kohn, Melvin L., additional, Kolburn, Amanda, additional, Korinek, Kim, additional, Koropeckyj‐Cox, Tanya, additional, Kosterman, Rick, additional, Kowal, Amanda, additional, Krampe, Edythe, additional, Kroska, Amy, additional, Krueger, Patrick M., additional, Kurz, Demie, additional, Lambert‐Shute, Jennifer, additional, Lampard, Richard, additional, Lancaster, Sandra, additional, Langenkamp, Amy, additional, Langhinrich‐Rohling, Jennifer, additional, Lansford, Jennifer E., additional, Lareau, Annette, additional, Laughlin, Lynda L., additional, Laurenceau, Jean‐Philippe, additional, Lauster, Nathanael, additional, Lavee, Yoav, additional, Lawton, Leora, additional, Lee, Gary R., additional, Lee, Kristen, additional, Lefkowitz, Eva, additional, Lein, Laura, additional, Leite, Randy, additional, Lempers, Jacques D., additional, Leon, Kim, additional, Leone, Janel, additional, Letiecq, Bethany L., additional, Li, Fuzhong, additional, Lichter, Daniel T., additional, Liefbroer, Aart C., additional, Lim, Soh‐Leong, additional, Lin, I‐Fen, additional, Lincoln, Karen, additional, Linver, Miriam, additional, Linville, Deanna C., additional, Lloyd, Kim, additional, London, Andrew S., additional, Longmore, Monica, additional, Lopoo, Lenard M., additional, Lorenz, Frederick O., additional, Ludwick, Ruth, additional, Lundquist, Jennifer, additional, Luo, Ye, additional, Lyness, Kevin, additional, Lyons, Karen S., additional, Maccoby, Eleanor, additional, MacDermid, Shelley, additional, MacDonald, William L., additional, Yagla Mack, Kristin, additional, Macmillan, Ross, additional, Macomber, Jennifer, additional, MacPhee, David, additional, MacTavish, Katherine, additional, Madise, Nyovani J., additional, Malik, Neena, additional, Manning, Wendy D., additional, Mansfield, DeeAnn, additional, Manzi, Claudia, additional, Margolin, Gayla, additional, Marks, Gary, additional, Marks, Jennifer, additional, Marks, Loren, additional, Marks, Nadine, additional, Marshall, Sheila, additional, Marsiglio, William, additional, Marteleto, Leticia, additional, Martin, Molly A., additional, Martin, Steven P., additional, Mattingly, Marybeth J., additional, Maume, David, additional, McBride, Brent A., additional, McElroy, Mary, additional, McGraw, Lori, additional, McGroder, Sharon M., additional, McHale, Susan M., additional, McPherson, Mervyl J., additional, McQuillan, Julia, additional, Mederer, Helen J., additional, Meekers, Dominique A., additional, Meinhold, Jana, additional, Melby, Janet N., additional, Mellott, Leanna, additional, Menjivar, Cecilia, additional, Messner, Steven, additional, Michaels, Marcia, additional, Milkie, Melissa A., additional, Mirsky, Julia, additional, Mollen, Debra, additional, Monden, Christiaan, additional, Moore, David, additional, Morgan, David, additional, Morgan, S. Phillip, additional, Mosack, Katie E., additional, Muraco, Anna, additional, Murray, Colleen I., additional, Murray, Susan, additional, Mustillo, Sarah, additional, Myers, Barbara J., additional, Myers, Scott M., additional, Myers‐Walls, Judith A., additional, Najarian, Cheryl, additional, Nelson, Margaret, additional, Ngee, Tick, additional, Nievar, Angela, additional, Nock, Steven L., additional, Nomaguchi, Kei, additional, O'Brien, Marion, additional, Okun, Barbara S., additional, Olson, Loreen N., additional, Openshaw, D. Kim, additional, Oppenheimer, Valerie K., additional, Oropesa, Ralph S., additional, Ortiz, Steven, additional, Osborne, Cynthia, additional, Oswald, Ramona, additional, Oyserman, Daphna, additional, Ozer, Elizabeth M., additional, Pahl, Jan, additional, Parcel, Toby L., additional, Parker, Jennifer, additional, Pavalko, Eliza, additional, Pearce, Lisa, additional, Perren, Sonja, additional, Perry, Yvette V., additional, Perry‐Jenkins, Maureen, additional, Peters, Cheryl L., additional, Peterson, Brennan, additional, Philaretou, Andreas, additional, Phua, VooChin, additional, Piercy, Kathy, additional, Pillemer, Karl, additional, Poehlmann, Julie, additional, Pollard, Michael, additional, Porterfield, Shirley L., additional, Powell, Brian, additional, Ann Powell, Mary, additional, Prazak, Miroslava, additional, Proulx, Christine M., additional, Pruchno, Rachel, additional, Pungello, Elizabeth, additional, Punyanunt‐Carter, Narissra, additional, Putnam, Samuel P., additional, Baolian Qin, Desiree, additional, Honn Qualls, Sara, additional, Radina, M. Elise, additional, Raley, Sara, additional, Ramu, G. N., additional, Rao, Pamela, additional, Reed, Joanna, additional, Reese‐Weber, Marla, additional, Regnerus, Mark, additional, Reifman, Alan S., additional, Reiss, Ira L., additional, Remle, Corey, additional, Reynolds, Jeremy, additional, Rezac, Sandra J., additional, Riger, Stephanie, additional, Riggio, Heidi R., additional, Riley, David, additional, Ripley, Jen, additional, Robinson, John P., additional, Roche, Kathleen, additional, Rogers, Stacy J., additional, Romich, Jennifer L., additional, Rosenbaum, Alan, additional, Rosenblatt, Paul C., additional, Rossi, Peter, additional, Rovine, Michael, additional, Rubin, Donald B., additional, Sabatelli, Ronald M., additional, Salway, Sarah, additional, Sanders, Gregory F., additional, Sanderson, Stephen, additional, Sano, Yoshie, additional, Sarkisian, Natalia A., additional, Sassler, Sharon L., additional, Saunders, Daniel G., additional, Schaefer, Earl, additional, Scheuble, Laurie, additional, Schmeeckle, Maria, additional, Schmitt, David P., additional, Schmitz, Mark, additional, Schneider, Barbara, additional, Schoen, Robert, additional, Schoenberg, Nancy E., additional, Schoppe‐Sullivan, Sarah J., additional, Schumm, Walter R., additional, Scott, Andrea, additional, Scott, Brent, additional, Scott, Ellen K., additional, Shackelford, Todd K., additional, Shah, Anisha, additional, Shanahan, Lilly, additional, Shapiro, Adam, additional, Fearnley Shapiro, Alyson, additional, Sharp, Elizabeth A., additional, Shebloski, Barbara, additional, Sherkat, Darren, additional, Short, Susan, additional, Shorter‐Gooden, Kumea, additional, Shuey, Kim, additional, Shumow, Lee, additional, Sigle‐Rushton, Wendy, additional, Silverstein, Louise, additional, Silverstein, Merril, additional, Simons, Leslie, additional, Singla, Rashmi, additional, Smith, David, additional, Smith, Suzanne R., additional, Smock, Pamela J., additional, Smulyan, Lisa, additional, Snider, Blake, additional, Snyder, Karrie, additional, Sobolewski, Juliana, additional, Richards Solomon, Cathy, additional, Somers, Cheryl, additional, South, Scott J., additional, Spearin, Carrie E., additional, Springer, Kristin W., additional, Staik, Athena, additional, Stanley, Scott, additional, Carr Steelman, Lala, additional, Sterk, Claire, additional, Stern, Phyllis, additional, Stevens, Daphne, additional, Stevenson, Michelle L., additional, Stewart, Robert, additional, Stewart, Susan D., additional, Stiles, Beverly, additional, Stockard, Jean, additional, Strassmann, Beverly, additional, Strohschein, Lisa, additional, Stum, Marlene, additional, Suitor, J. Jill, additional, Sun, Yongmin, additional, Park, Lisa Sun‐Hee, additional, Supple, Andrew, additional, Surra, Catherine A., additional, Swanberg, Jennifer E., additional, Sweeney, Kathryn, additional, Sweeney, Megan M., additional, Sweet, Stephen, additional, Swinford, Steven, additional, Takigiku, Susan K., additional, Tanfer, Koray, additional, Tayki, Baffour K., additional, Taylor, Tiffany, additional, Teerawichitchainan, Bussarawan P., additional, Tein, Jenn‐Yun, additional, Temple, Jeff, additional, Thomson, Elizabeth, additional, Tiefenthaler, Jill, additional, Tomassini, Cecilia, additional, Torr, Berna S., additional, Trent, Katherine, additional, Trzcinski, Ellen, additional, Tschann, Jeanne M., additional, Uhlenberg, Peter, additional, Umana‐Taylor, Adriana, additional, Umberson, Debra J., additional, Updegraff, Kimberly, additional, Usdansky, Margaret, additional, Uttal, Lynet, additional, Van Gaalen, Ruben I., additional, Vollebergh, Wilma, additional, Volling, Brenda, additional, Voorpostel, Marieke, additional, Votruba‐Drzal, Elizabeth, additional, Voydanoff, Patricia, additional, Waite, Linda J., additional, Waldfogel, Jane, additional, Ebert Wallace, Lora, additional, Warner, Barbara, additional, Warren, Tracey, additional, Weeden, Kim A., additional, Weiting, Steve, additional, Wenger, G. Clare, additional, West, Jerry, additional, Wethington, Elaine, additional, Krauss Whitbourne, Susan, additional, Whitchurch, Gail G., additional, White, James M., additional, Whiteman, Shawn, additional, White‐Stephan, Cookie, additional, Widmer, Eric D., additional, Wieting, Stephen, additional, Wilcox, W. Bradford, additional, Wildsmith, Elizabeth, additional, Williams, Kristi, additional, Wills, Jeremiah, additional, Willson, Andrea, additional, Wilmoth, Janet, additional, Wilson, John, additional, Winkler, Celia C., additional, Winslow, Sarah, additional, Wojtkiewicz, Roger A., additional, Wolfinger, Nicholas H., additional, Wright, Eric R., additional, Yabiku, Scott T., additional, Yancey, George A., additional, Yang, Frances, additional, Yeh, Hsin‐Chen, additional, Yeung, Wei‐Jun Jean, additional, Yount, Kathryn, additional, Vogt Yuan, Anastasia, additional, Zabin, Laurie, additional, Zhang, Zhenmei, additional, Zuo, Jiping, additional, and Zweig, Janine, additional

Published
2005
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48. Southwestern Dental Society.

Author

White, James M., White, James M., White, James M., and White, James M.

Abstract

Editors: Aug. 1859-July 1865, J. D. White, J. H. McQuillen, G. J. Ziegler.--Aug. 1865-Dec. 1871, J. H. McQuillen, G. J. Ziegler.--Jan. 1872-May 1891, J. W. White.--July 1891-Apr. 1930, E. C. Kirk (with L. P. Anthony, Dec. 1917-Apr. 1930).--May 1930-Dec. 1936, L. P. Anthony., Vols. 1-13 are called "new series.", Merged in Jan. 1937 with: Journal of the American Dental Association, ISSN 1048-6364, to form: Journal of the American Dental Association and dental cosmos, ISSN 0375-8451., The Dental cosmos; a monthly record of dental science: Vol. XXIII. [Vol. 23] : Vol 23 : Issue 10, Page(s) 556, (dlps) volume: ACF8385.0023.001, (dlps) article: acf8385.0023.001:187, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

49. Reply to Comment by Trussell and Rao: A Reanalysis of the Data.

Author

White, James M.

Subjects
*UNMARRIED couples, *DIVORCE, *COMMON law marriage, *GENDER differences (Psychology), *MARRIAGE
Abstract

This article presents the author's response to comments made by professors K. Vaninadha Rao and James Trussell on his study concerning premarital cohabitation and marital stability. Trussell and Rao cite the study by Burch and Madan, which uses the same data as I used as supporting the claim that premarital cohabitation raised the risk of marital dissolution by about 50 percent. However a I read the Burch and Madan study, it seems their analysis examines all cohabitations ending in marriage, whether first or second and not just leading to the first marriage. There are also some major differences between the Family History Survey (FHS) and the Canadian Fertility Study (CFS) used in the analysis of Trussell and Rao, such as the definition of cohabitation. The question in the FHS was worded in a much different way than in the CFS. There are several other differences between the FHS and CFS that are created by the fact that the FHS includes males and females whereas the CFS includes only females. Burch and Madam report that males in the FHS have a lower divorce rate than do females in the sample. Also there are gender differences in the survival rates of common-law unions. More females' common-law unions begin after the end of a first marriage compared to those of males.

Published
1989

50. Analysis of diffraction in acoustic nonlinear parametric convolvers.

Author

White, James M.

Abstract

Acoustic parametric convolvers operate by spatially integrating a term produced by the nonlinear interaction of two propagating strain waves. The integrand will have an additional spatially dependent weighting factor and inaccuracies in the convolution output will result if the product term is not uniformly produced and summed. Under appropriate assumptions, the expansion of the acoustic field into an angular spectrum of plane waves is used to show that no erroneous weighting is introduced by diffraction, although diffraction does contribute a uniform loss to the convolver output. Under additional assumptions, the diffraction loss for the convolved output is shown to equal that which occurs in transmitting from one transducer to the other. Subject Classification: [43]25.30, [43]25.35; [43]35.54; [43]60.30. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1976
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