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5 results on '"Ward, Helen Claire"'

1. Harmonized gap-filled datasets from 20 urban flux tower sites

Author

Lipson, Mathew, primary, Grimmond, Sue, additional, Best, Martin, additional, Chow, Winston T. L., additional, Christen, Andreas, additional, Chrysoulakis, Nektarios, additional, Coutts, Andrew, additional, Crawford, Ben, additional, Earl, Stevan, additional, Evans, Jonathan, additional, Fortuniak, Krzysztof, additional, Heusinkveld, Bert G., additional, Hong, Je-Woo, additional, Hong, Jinkyu, additional, Järvi, Leena, additional, Jo, Sungsoo, additional, Kim, Yeon-Hee, additional, Kotthaus, Simone, additional, Lee, Keunmin, additional, Masson, Valéry, additional, McFadden, Joseph P., additional, Michels, Oliver, additional, Pawlak, Wlodzimierz, additional, Roth, Matthias, additional, Sugawara, Hirofumi, additional, Tapper, Nigel, additional, Velasco, Erik, additional, and Ward, Helen Claire, additional

Published
2022
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2. Harmonized gap-filled datasets from 20 urban flux tower sites

Author

Lipson, Mathew, Grimmond, Sue, Best, Martin, Chow, Winston T.L., Christen, Andreas, Chrysoulakis, Nektarios, Coutts, Andrew, Crawford, Ben, Earl, Stevan, Evans, Jonathan, Fortuniak, Krzysztof, Heusinkveld, Bert G., Hong, Je Woo, Hong, Jinkyu, Järvi, Leena, Jo, Sungsoo, Kim, Yeon Hee, Kotthaus, Simone, Lee, Keunmin, Masson, Valéry, McFadden, Joseph P., Michels, Oliver, Pawlak, Wlodzimierz, Roth, Matthias, Sugawara, Hirofumi, Tapper, Nigel, Velasco, Erik, Ward, Helen Claire, Lipson, Mathew, Grimmond, Sue, Best, Martin, Chow, Winston T.L., Christen, Andreas, Chrysoulakis, Nektarios, Coutts, Andrew, Crawford, Ben, Earl, Stevan, Evans, Jonathan, Fortuniak, Krzysztof, Heusinkveld, Bert G., Hong, Je Woo, Hong, Jinkyu, Järvi, Leena, Jo, Sungsoo, Kim, Yeon Hee, Kotthaus, Simone, Lee, Keunmin, Masson, Valéry, McFadden, Joseph P., Michels, Oliver, Pawlak, Wlodzimierz, Roth, Matthias, Sugawara, Hirofumi, Tapper, Nigel, Velasco, Erik, and Ward, Helen Claire

Abstract

A total of 20 urban neighbourhood-scale eddy covariance flux tower datasets are made openly available after being harmonized to create a 50 site-year collection with broad diversity in climate and urban surface characteristics. Variables needed as inputs for land surface models (incoming radiation, temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind and precipitation) are quality controlled, gap-filled and prepended with 10 years of reanalysis-derived local data, enabling an extended spin up to equilibrate models with local climate conditions. For both gap filling and spin up, ERA5 reanalysis meteorological data are bias corrected using tower-based observations, accounting for diurnal, seasonal and local urban effects not modelled in ERA5. The bias correction methods developed perform well compared to methods used in other datasets (e.g. WFDE5 or FLUXNET2015). Other variables (turbulent and upwelling radiation fluxes) are harmonized and quality controlled without gap filling. Site description metadata include local land cover fractions (buildings, roads, trees, grass etc.), building height and morphology, aerodynamic roughness estimates, population density and satellite imagery. This open collection can help extend our understanding of urban environmental processes through observational synthesis studies or in the evaluation of land surface environmental models in a wide range of urban settings. These data can be accessed from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7104984 (Lipson et al., 2022).

Published
2022

4. Urban-PLUMBER: Site information webpage (archive of https://urban-plumber.github.io/sites)

Author

Lipson, Mathew, Grimmond, Sue, Best, Martin, Christen, Andreas, Coutts, Andrew, Crawford, Ben, Heusinkveld, Bert G., Velasco, Eric, Ward, Helen Claire, Sugawara, Hirofumi, Hong, Je-Woo, Hong, Jinkyu, Evans, Jonathan, McFadden, Joeseph P., Lee, Keunmin, Fortuniak, Krzysztof, Järvi, Leena, Roth, Matthias, Chrysoulakis, Nektarios, Tapper, Nigel, Michels, Oliver, Kotthaus, Simone, Earl, Stevan, Jo, Sungsoo, Masson, Valéry, Chow, Winston, Pawlak, Wlodzimierz, and Kim, Yeon-Hee

Subjects
urban flux tower observations land surface model evaluation, ComputerApplications_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

A snapshot of web pages describing the site location information and observations used in the Urban-PLUMBER model evaluation project for urban areas (2021-09-20). Live webpage available at: https://urban-plumber.github.io/sites Observational data files themselves are NOT included. Access observational data files from: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6590886, This study was supported by the Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science (grant CE110001028) and ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes (grant CE170100023).

Published
2021
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5. Attribution and mitigation of heat wave-induced urban heat storage change

Author

Sun, Ting, Kotthaus, Simone, Li, Dan, Ward, Helen Claire, Gao, Zhiqiu, Ni, Guang-Heng, and Grimmond, C. Sue B.

Abstract

When the urban heat island (UHI) effect coincides with a heat wave (HW), thermal comfort conditions in cities are exacerbated. Understanding the surface energy balance (SEB) responses to HWs is critical for improving predictions of the synergies between UHIs and HWs. This study evaluates observed SEB characteristics in four cities (Beijing, Łódź, London and Swindon), along with their ambient meteorological conditions, for both HW and background summer climate (BC) scenarios. Using the Analytical Objective Hysteresis Model (AnOHM), particular emphasis is on the heat storage. The results demonstrate that in London and Swindon not only the amount of daytime heat storage but also its portion relative to the net all-wave radiation increase under HWs. Results further demonstrate that such increases are strongly tied to lower wind speeds. The effects of different UHI mitigation measures on heat storage are assessed using AnOHM. Results reveal that using reflective materials and maintaining higher soil moisture availability may offset the adverse effects of increased heat storage.

Published
2017

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