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19. Reference distributions of aortic calcification and association with Framingham risk score.

Author

Horbal, Steven R., Derstine, Brian A., Brown, Edward, Su, Grace L., Wang, Stewart C., and Holcombe, Sven A.

Subjects
CALCIFICATION, DISEASE risk factors, CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors, ABDOMINAL aorta, AORTA, THORACIC aorta
Abstract

Evidence supporting aortic calcification as a leverageable cardiovascular risk factor is rapidly growing. Given aortic calcification's potential as a clinical correlate, we assessed granular vertebral-indexed calcification measurements of the abdominal aorta in a well curated reference population. We evaluated the relationship of aortic calcification measurements with Framingham risk scores. After exclusion, 4073 participants from the Reference Analytic Morphomic Population with varying vertebral levels were included. The percent of the aortic wall calcified was used to assess calcification burden at the L1–L4 levels. Descriptive statistics of participants, sex-specific vertebral indexed calcification measurements, relational plots, and relevant associations are reported. Mean aortic attenuation was higher in female than male participants. Overall, mean aortic calcium was higher with reference to inferior abdominal aortic measurements and demonstrated significant differences across all abdominal levels [L3 Area (mm 2 ): Females 6.34 (sd 16.60), Males 6.23 (sd 17.21); L3 Volume (mm 3 ): Females 178.90 (sd 474.19), Males 195.80 (sd 547.36); Wall Calcification (%): Females (L4) 6.97 (sd 16.03), Males (L3) 5.46 (13.80)]. Participants with elevated calcification had significantly higher Framingham risk scores compared to participants with normal calcification scores. Opportunistically measuring aortic calcification may inform further cardiovascular risk assessment and enhance cardiovascular event surveillance efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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41. Burn wounds infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa triggers weight loss in rats

Author

Su Grace, Lehnhardt Marcus, Jacobsen Frank, Fan Ming H, Burkhard Olaf, Steinstraesser Lars, Daigeler Adrien, Steinau Hans U, Remick Daniel, and Wang Stewart C

Subjects
Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

Abstract Background Despite dramatic improvements in the management of burns, infection still remains a serious risk for the burn patient. The aim of this study was to shed light on the impact of acute burn injury with or without infection on cytokine profiles. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 21) were randomized into three groups: 1) burn only 2) burn and infection or 3) sham burn. Weight was monitored and blood was collected for cytokine ELISA, LPS quantification, and peripheral blood analysis. Animals were sacrificed either after 6 or 12 days. Results Infected animals showed substantial weight loss until day 6 post-burn as compared to burn alone. Endotoxin and TNF-α levels were elevated early in the infected burn group within 48 hours post-burn. In contrast, significant up-regulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 occurred later in the clinical course and was associated with the recovery from weight loss. Conclusion Our results suggest that in the presence of infection, you get a SIRS response possibly due to transient endotoxemia that is only seen in the infection group. In contrast, both burn and infection get a late IL-10 (CARS) response, which is then associated with a return to normal weight in the infection group.

Published
2005
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44. Analytic Morphomics Predict Outcomes After Lung Transplantation

Author

Pienta, Michael J., primary, Zhang, Peng, additional, Derstine, Brian A., additional, Enchakalody, Binu, additional, Weir, William B., additional, Grenda, Tyler, additional, Goulson, Rebecca, additional, Reddy, Rishindra M., additional, Chang, Andrew C., additional, Wang, Stewart C., additional, and Lin, Jules, additional

Published
2018
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48. Visceral adiposity is negatively associated with bone density and muscle attenuation1234

Author

Zhang, Peng, Peterson, Mark, Su, Grace L, and Wang, Stewart C

Subjects
Adult, Male, Adolescent, Subcutaneous Fat, Intra-Abdominal Fat, Middle Aged, Bone and Bones, Body Mass Index, Cohort Studies, Radiography, Young Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Nutritional Epidemiology and Public Health, Bone Density, Obesity, Abdominal, Body Composition, Humans, Female, Muscle, Skeletal, Adiposity
Abstract

The storage of adipose tissue in ectopic compartments is a hallmark attribute linking greater body mass index (BMI) with cardiometabolic diseases. Despite ample evidence to confirm that increased visceral adipose tissue (VAT) deposition occurs with obesity, the interrelations between altered fat partitioning and regional muscle and bone quality are less well understood.We examined the association between adiposity and spinal muscle and bone quality across a large, heterogeneous cohort of adults.We identified 8833 thoracic or abdominal computed tomography scans from patients in the University of Michigan Health System who were aged 18-64.9 y. We measured trabecular bone densities, cortical bone densities, VAT areas, and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) areas at vertebral levels T7 to L5. Psoas muscle attenuation (an indicator of fat infiltration in muscle) was measured at the L4 level.Muscle attenuation as well as trabecular and cortical bone densities revealed negative correlations with BMI, SAT, and VAT. The correlation between BMI and psoas attenuation was -0.321, between BMI and the density of cortical bone was -0.250, and between BMI and trabecular bone was -0.143 (all P0.001). However, correlations between VAT and lower muscle attenuation were stronger as were those between VAT and lower bone densities. Inverse correlations between VAT and densities of psoas muscle and cortical and trabecular bone were -0.460, -0.407, and -0.434, respectively (P0.001). Even after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI, partial correlations between VAT, muscle attenuation, and bone densities remained significant at -0.250, -0.119, and -0.216, respectively (P0.001).Contrary to previous reports that high body mass is associated with increased bone quality, our data show a significant negative association between BMI and muscle and bone densities, suggesting fat infiltration into these tissues. More importantly, correlations between VAT and decreased bone and muscle densities remained statistically significant even after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI.

Published
2014

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