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Background Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been shown to have significant predictive value for all-cause mortality risk in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) in previous studies, however, whether C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR) and the combination of NLR and CAR can enhance the predictive value for all-cause mortality risk in patients with MHD has not been investigated. Objective To investigate the combined predictive value of NLR and CAR for all-cause mortality of MHD patients, and to provide evidence for improving the quality of life of MHD patients. Methods The case data of 175 MHD patients in the Blood Purification Center of Hainan General Hospital in January 2017 were included, the deadline was December 31, 2021, with the outcome of all-cause death. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted for the predictive value of NLR+CAR, NLR, and CAR for the risk of all-cause death in MHD patients. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to compare the cumulative survival rate between the two groups. Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the independent risk factors of 5-year all-cause death in MHD patients. Results The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of NLR for predicting the risk of all-cause death in MHD patients was 0.743 (95%CI=0.669-0.817, P4.93 had lower cumulative survival than patients with NLR ≤4.93 (χ2=32.753, P0.795 had a lower cumulative survival than patients with CAR≤0.795 (χ2=38.091, P4.93 (HR=2.071, 95%CI=1.226-3.499) and CAR>0.795 (HR=1.903, 95%CI=1.155-3.136) were independent risk factors for all-cause death in 5-year MHD patients (P

ObjectiveThis study aimed at conducting retrospective analysis of the clinical symptoms and genetic mutations in 20 children with Gitelman syndrome treated at the Affiliated Children′s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from August 2015 to November 2022 and also explored the molecular mechanism of the pathogenic high-frequency mutation D486N in the Chinese population.MethodsWe collected the clinical manifestations, growth and development status, laboratory examination results, and SLC12A3 gene variations of the patients. We distinguished the wild-type and mutant SLC12A3 genes overexpressed in human embryonic kidney 293T cells (HEK293T). We used protein immunoblotting to detect the expression level of NCC, and used immunofluorescence techniques to examine the subcellular localization of NCC. In addition, we investigated the impact of the high-frequency SLC12A3 gene mutation D486N on NCC protein expression and localization.ResultsIn the 20 patients with Gitelman syndrome, all of them had hypokalemia. We indemnified twenty-six SLC12A3 gene mutations, 13 of which are missense mutation, 1 of which synonymous mutation, 1 nonsense mutation, 4 frameshift mutation, and 7 splicing site mutation. Among them, four mutations (p.T235K, c.1096-1G > A, p.A464A, and c.2660+1_2660+2insT) were novel mutations.ConclusionsWe found the preliminary evidence that the high-frequency mutation D486N in the Chinese population affected the expression of total and membrane-bound NCC protein and influenced the membrane localization of NCC protein. The findings of this study provides experimental evidence for genetic counseling, diagnosis, and treatment of Gitelman syndrome.

This study aims to evaluate the impact of new media on scientific literacy. Content analysis with a coding scheme was performed on 42 filtered websites and 20 microblogs to analyze the role of new media in disseminating scientific knowledge. The results showed that the quality of science-oriented websites was higher than that of microblogs. Although both types of new media include valid and accurate information, concerns have been expressed regarding the lack of in-depth analysis of scientific knowledge. In addition, a questionnaire was administered to 1,870 sampled college students to determine their scientific literacy levels. According to the results, the use of science-oriented microblogs does not produce a statistical difference, whereas students who use science-oriented websites have higher scientific literacy level than the non-users. Furthermore, students' identification ability for scientific information from new media is significantly correlated with their scientific literacy. Students' education, major, and identification ability contributed to their scientific literacy. Suggestions about how to improve the quality of science-oriented new media and how to develop students' scientific literacy through new media have been discussed.

The purpose of investigating the carbohydrate exchange method in combination with aerobic exercise for obese college students is to help college students have better bodies to cope with their academic life. This paper introduces the qualitative and quantitative analysis technique based on near-infrared spectroscopy, starting from the analysis of the carbohydrate exchange method, and explains the physical, mathematical, and chemical information bases, respectively. A NIR detection model is constructed using the NIR spectroscopy detection method, and the main evaluation indexes of the model are given. Three experimental groups, namely, carbohydrate exchange method, aerobic exercise, and carbohydrate exchange method combined with aerobic exercise were set up to investigate the physical health interventions for obese college students. In the single test, the FPG, BUN, TC, and HbA1c values of the subjects in the carbohydrate exchange experiment group were reduced by 18.61%, 17.33%, 11.09%, and 18.16%, respectively. The FPG, BUN, TC, and HbA1c values were reduced by 23.42%, 18.84%, 11.62%, and 13.48%, respectively, in subjects in the aerobic exercise experimental group. From the carbohydrate exchange method combined with the aerobic exercise experimental group, the subjects’ FPG, BUN, TC, and HbA1c values were reduced by 28.38%, 22.24%, 11.27%, and 27.4%, respectively, which was a better level of intervention than the single experimental group. Thus, the carbohydrate exchange method combined with aerobic exercise can be an effective intervention for the physical health of obese college students.

Lactate plays a critical role as an energy substrate, metabolite, and signaling molecule in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Intracellular lactate‐derived protein lysine lactylation (Kla) is identified as a contributor to the progression of HCC. Liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) are believed to be the root cause of phenotypic and functional heterogeneity in HCC. However, the impact of Kla on the biological processes of LCSCs remains poorly understood. Here enhanced glycolytic metabolism, lactate accumulation, and elevated levels of lactylation are observed in LCSCs compared to HCC cells. H3K56la was found to be closely associated with tumourigenesis and stemness of LCSCs. Notably, a comprehensive examination of the lactylome and proteome of LCSCs and HCC cells identified the ALDOA K230/322 lactylation, which plays a critical role in promoting the stemness of LCSCs. Furthermore, this study demonstrated the tight binding between aldolase A (ALDOA) and dead box deconjugate enzyme 17 (DDX17), which is attenuated by ALDOA lactylation, ultimately enhancing the regulatory function of DDX17 in maintaining the stemness of LCSCs. This investigation highlights the significance of Kla in modulating the stemness of LCSCs and its impact on the progression of HCC. Targeting lactylation in LCSCs may offer a promising therapeutic approach for treating HCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autophagy, an intracellular degradation process, has emerged as a crucial innate immune response against various plant pathogens, including viruses. Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV) is a highly destructive plant pathogen that infects over 1000 plant species and poses a significant threat to global food security. However, the role of autophagy in defence against the TSWV pathogen, and whether the virus counteracts this defence, remains unknown. In this study, we report that autophagy plays an important role in antiviral defence against TSWV infection; however, this autophagy‐mediated defence is counteracted by the viral effector NSs. Transcriptome profiling revealed the up‐regulation of autophagy‐related genes (ATGs) upon TSWV infection. Blocking autophagy induction by chemical treatment or knockout/down of ATG5/ATG7 significantly enhanced TSWV accumulation. Notably, the TSWV nucleocapsid (N) protein, a major component of the viral replication unit, strongly induced autophagy. However, the TSWV nonstructural protein NSs was able to effectively suppress N‐induced autophagy in a dose‐dependent manner. Further investigation revealed that NSs inhibited ATG6‐mediated autophagy induction. These findings provide new insights into the defence role of autophagy against TSWV, a representative segmented negative‐strand RNA virus, as well as the tospoviral pathogen counterdefence mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polyanionic structures, (MO4)n−, can be beneficial to the transport of lithium ions by virtue of the open three-dimensional frame structure. However, an unstable interface suppresses the life of the (MO4)n−-based anode. In this study, MnWO4@C nanorods with dense nanocavities have been synthesized through a hydrothermal route, followed by a chemical deposition method. As a result, the MnWO4@C anode exhibits better cycle and rate performance than MnWO4 as a Li-ion battery; the capacity is maintained at 718 mAh g−1 at 1000 mA g−1 after 400 cycles because the transport of lithium ions and the contribution of pseudo-capacitance are increased. Generally, benefiting from the carbon shell and electrolyte additive (e.g., FEC), the cycle performance of the MnWO4@C electrode is also effectively improved for lithium storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emerging research has demonstrated that genomic alterations disrupting topologically associated domains (TADs) and chromatin interactions underlie the pathogenic mechanisms of specific copy number variants (CNVs) in neurodevelopmental disorders. We report two patients with a de novo deletion and a duplication in chromosome 4q31, potentially causing FBX‐related neurodevelopmental syndrome by affecting the regulatory region of FBXW7. High‐throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi‐C) analysis using available capture data in neural progenitor cells revealed the rewiring of the TAD boundary close to FBXW7. Both patients exhibited facial dysmorphisms, cardiac and limb abnormalities, and neurodevelopmental delays, showing significant clinical overlap with previously reported FBXW7‐related features. We also included an additional 10 patients with CNVs in the 4q31 region from the literature and the DECIPHER database for Hi‐C analysis, which confirmed that disruption of the regulatory region of FBXW7 likely contributes to the developmental defects observed in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]