661 results on '"Waghmare, P."'
Search Results
2. Biodegradable Interactive Materials
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Zhang, Zhihan, Parker, Mallory, Liao, Kuotian, Cao, Jerry, Waghmare, Anandghan, Breda, Joseph, Matsumura, Chris, Eley, Serena, Roumeli, Eleftheria, Patel, Shwetak, and Iyer, Vikram
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Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction - Abstract
The sense of touch is fundamental to how we interact with the physical and digital world. Conventional interactive surfaces and tactile interfaces use electronic sensors embedded into objects, however this approach poses serious challenges both for environmental sustainability and a future of truly ubiquitous interaction systems where information is encoded into everyday objects. In this work, we present Biodegradable Interactive Materials: backyard-compostable interactive interfaces that leverage information encoded in material properties. Inspired by natural systems, we propose an architecture that programmatically encodes multidimensional information into materials themselves and combines them with wearable devices that extend human senses to perceive the embedded data. We combine unrefined biological matter from plants and algae like chlorella with natural minerals like graphite and magnetite to produce materials with varying electrical, magnetic, and surface properties. We perform in-depth analysis using physics models, computational simulations, and real-world experiments to characterize their information density and develop decoding methods. Our passive, chip-less materials can robustly encode 12 bits of information, equivalent to 4096 unique classes. We further develop wearable device prototypes that can decode this information during touch interactions using off-the-shelf sensors. We demonstrate sample applications such as customized buttons, tactile maps, and interactive surfaces. We further demonstrate the natural degradation of these interactive materials in degrade outdoors within 21 days and perform a comparative environmental analysis of the benefits of this approach.
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- 2024
3. Sensing Vibrations using Quantum Geometry of Electrons
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R, Bhuvaneswari, Deshmukh, Mandar M, and Waghmare, Umesh V
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Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
Magnetic field emerging from the geometric curvature of quantum structure of electrons in a crystal bends electronic trajectory causing anomalous linear and nonlinear electrical Hall effects that have been observed in low symmetry crystals with narrow electronic band gap. We present first-principles theoretical analysis to show that dynamical lowering of crystal symmetry by lattice vibrations results in oscillations in the quantum geometry of electrons which have observable nonlinear Hall signatures. Using these, we introduce a vibrational spectroscopy based on Geometry of Quantum Electronic Structure (GQuES) making specific predictions for the transport and radiative GQuES spectra of 2D materials. As the crystal symmetry is commonly lowered by dynamical fields, GQuES is applicable to a wide range of materials and excitations spanning sub-GHz, THz and infrared frequencies.
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- 2024
4. Phonon-pair-driven Ferroelectricity Causes Costless Domain-walls and Bulk-boundary Duality
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Lee, Hyun-Jae, Go, Kyoung-June, Kumar, Pawan, Kim, Chang Hoon, Kim, Yungyeom, Lee, Kyoungjun, Shimizu, Takao, Chae, Seung Chul, Jin, Hosub, Lee, Minseong, Waghmare, Umesh, Choi, Si-Young, and Lee, Jun Hee
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Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
Ferroelectric domain walls, recognized as distinct from the bulk in terms of symmetry, structure, and electronic properties, host exotic phenomena including conductive walls, ferroelectric vortices, novel topologies, and negative capacitance. Contrary to conventional understanding, our study reveals that the structure of domain walls in HfO2 closely resembles its bulk. First, our first-principles simulations unveil that the robust ferroelectricity is supported by bosonic pairing of all the anionic phonons in bulk HfO2. Strikingly, the paired phonons strongly bond with each other and successfully reach the center of the domain wall without losing their integrity and produce bulk-like domain walls. We then confirmed preservation of the bulk phonon displacements and consequently full revival of the bulk structure at domain walls via aberration-corrected STEM. The newly found duality between the bulk and the domain wall sheds light on previously enigmatic properties such as zero-energy domain walls, perfect Ising-type polar ordering, and exceptionally robust ferroelectricity at the sub-nm scales. The phonon-pairing discovered here is robust against physical boundaries such as domain walls and enables zero momentum and zero-energy cost local ferroelectric switching. This phenomenon demonstrated in Si-compatible ferroelectrics provides a novel technological platform where data storage on domain walls is as feasible as that within the domains, thereby expanding the potential for high-density data storage and advanced ferroelectric applications., Comment: 24 pages, 4 figures
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- 2024
5. Energy Conditions in f(R, T) Gravity with an Anisotropic Background
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Patil, V. R., Pawde, J. L., Mapari, R. V., and Waghmare, S. K.
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General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology - Abstract
In our study, we explored the properties of a spatially homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi type V I0 Universe. Our investigation centered on integrating cosmic domain walls into the f(R, T) theory of gravitation, initially proposed by Harko et al. in 2011. To tackle the field equations, we employed the relationship between the expansion scalar ({\theta}) and the shear scalar ({\sigma}). Our analysis encompassed both the dynamic and cosmological aspects of the Universe. By comparing our findings to the {\Lambda}CDM model, specifically focusing on the evolution of the jerk parameter, we found a striking agreement between the two models. A noteworthy discovery was the verification of accelerated expansion in our described model, consistent with the prevailing observational data. Finally, we examine the energy condition criteria and determine that the violation of the Strong Energy Condition (SEC), while the Null Energy Condition (NEC), Weak Energy Condition (WEC) and Dominant Energy Condition (DEC) continue to meet the requirements for positivity., Comment: 19 pages
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- 2024
6. The polarization of the boundary layer around weakly magnetized neutron stars in X-ray binaries
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Farinelli, R., Waghmare, A., Ducci, L., and Santangelo, A.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
X-ray binaries hosting a compact object have been among the main targets of the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) since its launch, due to their high brightness in the 2-8 keV energy band. The spectropolarimetric analysis performed so far has proved to be of great importance in providing constraints on the accretion geometry of these systems. However, the data statistics is not enough to unambiguously disentangle the contribution of the single components to the net observed polarimetric signal. In this work, we aim to present a model for computing the polarization degree and polarization angle of the boundary layer around weakly magnetized neutron stars in low-mass X-ray binaries in the soft state. The main motivation is to provide strong theoretical support to data interpretation of observations performed by IXPE or future satellites for X-ray polarimetry. The results were obtained by modeling the boundary layer as an equatorial belt around the compact object and locally approximating it as a plane-parallel scattering atmosphere, for which the associated radiative transfer equation for polarized radiation in the Thomson limit was solved. The polarimetric quantities were then transformed from the comoving frame to the observer frame using the numerical methods formerly developed for X-ray pulsars. For typical values of the optical depth and electron temperature of the boundary layer of these systems in a soft state, the polarization degree was less then 0.5\%, while the polarization angle was rotated by $\protect \la 5^{\circ}$ with respect to the neutron star spin axis due to special and general relativistic effects for fast rotation, the amount progressively decreasing for lower spin frequencies. The derived quantities can be used to remove degeneracy when multicomponent spectropolarimetry is performed., Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
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- 2024
7. Correlated spectro-polarimetric study along the Z track in XTE J1701-462 puts constraints on its coronal geometry
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Yu, Wei, Bu, Qingcui, Doroshenko, Victor, Ducci, Lorenzo, Ji, Long, Zhang, Wenda, Santangelo, Andrea, Zhang, Shuangnan, Waghmare, Anand, Ge, Mingyu, Huang, Yue, Liu, Hexin, Tao, Lian, Yang, Zixu, Zhang, Liang, and Qu, Jinlu
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
Context. In September 2022, the transient neutron star low-mass X-ray binary XTE J1701-462 went into a new outburst. Aims. The objective of this work is to examine the evolution of the accretion geometry of XTE J1701-462 by studying the spectro-polarimetric properties along the Z track of this source. The simultaneous observations archived by the Insight-Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (HXMT) and the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) give us the opportunity. Methods. We present a comprehensive X-ray spectro-polarimetric analysis of XTE J1701-462, using simultaneous observations from IXPE, Insight-HXMT and NuSTAR. For IXPE observations, two methods are employed to measure the polarization: a model-independent measurement with PCUBE and a model-dependent polarization-spectral analysis with XSPEC. The corresponding spectra from Insight-HXMT and NuSTAR are studied with two configurations that correspond to a slab-like corona and a spherical shell-like corona, respectively. Results. Significant polarization characteristics are detected in XTE J1701-462. The polarization degree shows a decreasing trend along the Z track, reducing from (4.84 $\pm$ 0.37)% to (3.76 $\pm$ 0.43)% on the horizontal branch and jumping to less than 1% on the normal branch. The simultaneous spectral analysis from Insight-HXMT and NuSTAR suggests that the redistribution between the thermal and Comptonized emission could be the reason for the PD evolution along the Z track. Based on the correlated spectro-polarimetric properties, we propose that this source likely has a slab coronal geometry and the size/thickness of the corona decreases along the Z track.
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- 2024
8. SANPO: A Scene Understanding, Accessibility, Navigation, Pathfinding, Obstacle Avoidance Dataset
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Waghmare, Sagar M., Wilber, Kimberly, Hawkey, Dave, Yang, Xuan, Wilson, Matthew, Debats, Stephanie, Nuengsigkapian, Cattalyya, Sharma, Astuti, Pandikow, Lars, Wang, Huisheng, Adam, Hartwig, and Sirotenko, Mikhail
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Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Abstract
We introduce SANPO, a large-scale egocentric video dataset focused on dense prediction in outdoor environments. It contains stereo video sessions collected across diverse outdoor environments, as well as rendered synthetic video sessions. (Synthetic data was provided by Parallel Domain.) All sessions have (dense) depth and odometry labels. All synthetic sessions and a subset of real sessions have temporally consistent dense panoptic segmentation labels. To our knowledge, this is the first human egocentric video dataset with both large scale dense panoptic segmentation and depth annotations. In addition to the dataset we also provide zero-shot baselines and SANPO benchmarks for future research. We hope that the challenging nature of SANPO will help advance the state-of-the-art in video segmentation, depth estimation, multi-task visual modeling, and synthetic-to-real domain adaptation, while enabling human navigation systems. SANPO is available here: https://google-research-datasets.github.io/sanpo_dataset/, Comment: 10 pages plus additional references. 13 figures
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- 2023
9. The Positive-Definite Completion Problem
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Waghmare, Kartik G. and Panaretos, Victor M.
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Mathematics - Functional Analysis ,Mathematics - Probability ,Mathematics - Statistics Theory ,47A57, 15A83, 46N30, 47B32 - Abstract
We study the positive-definite completion problem for kernels on a variety of domains and prove results concerning the existence, uniqueness, and characterization of solutions. In particular, we study a special solution called the canonical completion which is the reproducing kernel analogue of the determinant-maximizing completion known to exist for matrices. We establish several results concerning its existence and uniqueness, which include algebraic and variational characterizations. Notably, we prove the existence of a canonical completion for domains which are equivalent to the band containing the diagonal. This corresponds to the existence of a canonical extension in the context of the classical extension problem of positive-definite functions, which can be understood as the solution to an abstract Cauchy problem in a certain reproducing kernel Hilbert space.
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- 2023
10. Disparities of sex ratio in Maharashtra State of India
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Khadke, P. A. and Waghmare, P. B.
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- 2017
11. The Functional Graphical Lasso
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Waghmare, Kartik G., Masak, Tomas, and Panaretos, Victor M.
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Statistics - Methodology ,Mathematics - Statistics Theory ,62R10, 62H22 - Abstract
We consider the problem of recovering conditional independence relationships between $p$ jointly distributed Hilbertian random elements given $n$ realizations thereof. We operate in the sparse high-dimensional regime, where $n \ll p$ and no element is related to more than $d \ll p$ other elements. In this context, we propose an infinite-dimensional generalization of the graphical lasso. We prove model selection consistency under natural assumptions and extend many classical results to infinite dimensions. In particular, we do not require finite truncation or additional structural restrictions. The plug-in nature of our method makes it applicable to any observational regime, whether sparse or dense, and indifferent to serial dependence. Importantly, our method can be understood as naturally arising from a coherent maximum likelihood philosophy.
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- 2023
12. Reduced graphene oxide functionalized zinc octaethyl porphyrin (rGO/Zn OEP) for selective detection of carbon monoxide in chemiresistive modality
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Waghmare, Yogita A., Ingle, Nikesh N., Narwade, Vijaykiran N., Tsai, Meng-Lin, Hianik, Tibor, and Shirsat, Mahendra D.
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- 2024
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13. Novel Kohl-based sensors for room-temperature detection of LPG and NH3: a comprehensive investigation
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Dhas, Suprimkumar D., Thonge, Pragati N., Gurame, Vashishtha M., Yewale, Manesh A., Shaikh, Saifan M., Kothawale, Rameshwar R., and Waghmare, Shivaji D.
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- 2024
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14. Probing the effect of molar concentration on TiO2 nanorod/nanoflower films toward enhanced field electron emission properties
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Vairale, Priti, Deore, Amol, Hase, Yogesh, Waghmare, Ashish, Borate, Haribhau, Pandharkar, Subhash, Jadkar, Vijaya, More, Mahendra, Al-Enizi, Abdullah M., Shaikh, Shoyebmohamad F., and Jadkar, Sandesh
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- 2024
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15. Nanoparticle-based targeted therapy through EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors and their recent advances in lung cancer therapy
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Priyanka S. Waghmare, Anuruddha R. Chabukswar, Kunal G. Raut, Bhagyashree Gaikwad-Pawar, and Swati C. Jagdale
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lung cancer ,egfr ,tyrosine kinase inhibitor ,nanotechnology ,Other systems of medicine ,RZ201-999 - Abstract
The emergence and subsequent advancement of nanotechnology in recent years have greatly benefited the healthcare sector, particularly in the treatment of cancer. As per study, major fatalities are related to the lung cancer. For many years, oral tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptors have been used in the clinic to treat human malignancies, although they observed some very serious adverse effects in the treatment of lung cancer, especially in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite EGFR-TKIs’ exceptional qualities as small-molecule targeted medications, their applicability is nevertheless limited by their poor solubility, inconsistent oral bioavailability, high daily dose needs, high plasma albumin binding propensity, and initial/acquired drug resistance. Article’s purpose is to investigate EGFR-TKI’s effects on lung cancer and get around some of its drawbacks, nanotechnology will be an innovative strategy. An effective tool to increase the effectiveness of these pharmaceuticals is nanotechnology by methods other than oral. This article signifies that a range of nanomedicine delivery systems have been developed to effectively distribute EGFR-TKIs with improved drug release kinetics and tissue-targeting capacity. This review article intends to present information regarding lung cancer and EGFR relation, mechanism of recently approved EGFR-TKI’s targeted therapy, an updated landscape of EGFR-TKIs and their clinical status over lung cancer, advantages and disadvantages of nanotechnology, and new breakthroughs in nano-delivery which mentioned as a significantly better over traditional drug chemotherapy and delivery.
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- 2024
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16. Apremilast in Erythema Nodosum Leprosum: A Case Series
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Usha Mandloi, Neha Gogia, Durgesh Sonare, and Swagat Waghmare
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apremilast ,case series ,effectiveness ,erythema nodosum leprosum ,Dermatology ,RL1-803 - Abstract
Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is an immune-mediated inflammatory reaction (antigen-antibody reaction involving complement) of leprosy. Available standard treatment in the form of steroids or thalidomide does not work in all ENL patients. Apremilast is an oral phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor with potent immunomodulatory action. At present, apremilast is approved for chronic plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, however, not in ENL. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of apremilast in chronic recalcitrant ENL. It was a case series, in which apremilast was started in 10 consecutive patients with recalcitrant ENL with 10 mg morning dose with a daily increment of 10 mg until day 6, when the recommended dose of 30 mg twice daily for adults is reached. Follow-up was done every 1 month till 6 months. Three patients showed good responses. The drug was well tolerated with few side effects. The most common adverse effect reported was headache (n = 5), followed by nausea (n = 4) and diarrhea (n = 4). Apremilast has lower cost and better safety profile compared to thalidomide and may be an option with limited effectiveness for ENL.
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- 2024
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17. Entropic Stabilization and Descriptors of Structural Transformation in High Entropy Alloys
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Kumar, Narendra and Waghmare, Umesh V.
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Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
With first-principles theoretical analysis of the local structure using Bond Orientational Order parameters and Voronoi partitioning, we establish (a) HCP$\rightarrow$BCC structural transformation in high-entropy alloys (HEAs) Nb$_x$(HfZrTi)$_y$ at 16% Nb-concentration, and (b) that the internal lattice distortions (ILDs) peak at the transition. We demonstrate that the relative stability of HCP and BCC structures is driven by energetics, while the overall stability is achieved with contribution from the vibrational entropy that exceeds the configurational entropy of mixing. We show that along with atomic size mismatch, low average number ($< $5) of valence electrons and disparity in the crystal structures of constituent elements are responsible for larger ILDs in Nb$_x$(HfZrTi)$_y$ than in HEAs like Nb$_a$Mo$_b$W$_c$Ta$_d$., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures
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- 2023
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18. A Karhunen-Lo\`{e}ve Theorem for Random Flows in Hilbert spaces
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Santoro, Leonardo V., Waghmare, Kartik G., and Panaretos, Victor M.
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Mathematics - Probability ,Mathematics - Statistics Theory ,60G12, 62R10 - Abstract
We develop a generalisation of Mercer's theorem to operator-valued kernels in infinite dimensional Hilbert spaces. We then apply our result to deduce a Karhunen-Lo\`eve theorem, valid for mean-square continuous Hilbertian functional data, i.e. flows in Hilbert spaces. That is, we prove a series expansion with uncorrelated coefficients for square-integrable random flows in a Hilbert space, that holds uniformly over time.
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- 2023
19. Molecular markers to discriminate between aromatic and non-aromatic tropical rice cultivars
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Sindhumole, P., Sajini, S., and Waghmare, Swapnil Gorakh
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- 2024
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20. Continuously Indexed Graphical Models
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Waghmare, Kartik G. and Panaretos, Victor M.
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Mathematics - Statistics Theory ,Mathematics - Probability ,Statistics - Methodology ,62H22, 62R10 (Primary), 62M05, 62M15 (Secondary) - Abstract
Let $X = \{X_{u}\}_{u \in U}$ be a real-valued Gaussian process indexed by a set $U$. It can be thought of as an undirected graphical model with every random variable $X_{u}$ serving as a vertex. We characterize this graph in terms of the covariance of $X$ through its reproducing kernel property. Unlike other characterizations in the literature, our characterization does not restrict the index set $U$ to be finite or countable, and hence can be used to model the intrinsic dependence structure of stochastic processes in continuous time/space. Consequently, this characterization is not in terms of the zero entries of an inverse covariance. This poses novel challenges for the problem of recovery of the dependence structure from a sample of independent realizations of $X$, also known as structure estimation. We propose a methodology that circumvents these issues, by targeting the recovery of the underlying graph up to a finite resolution, which can be arbitrarily fine and is limited only by the available sample size. The recovery is shown to be consistent so long as the graph is sufficiently regular in an appropriate sense. We derive corresponding convergence rates and finite sample guarantees. Our methodology is illustrated by means of a simulation study and two data analyses.
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- 2023
21. Potential energy surface prediction of Alumina polymorphs using graph neural network
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Sanyal, Soumya, Sagotra, Arun Kumar, Kumar, Narendra, Rathi, Sharad, Krishna, Mohana, Somayajula, Nagesh, Palanisamy, Duraivelan, Ratnakar, Ram R., Sanyal, Suchismita, Talukdar, Partha, Waghmare, Umesh, and Balachandran, Janakiraman
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Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
The process of design and discovery of new materials can be significantly expedited and simplified if we can learn effectively from available data. Deep learning (DL) approaches have recently received a lot of interest for their ability to speed up the design of novel materials by predicting material properties with precision close to experiments and ab-initio calculations. The application of deep learning to predict materials properties measured by experiments are valuable yet challenging due to the limited amount of experimental data. Most of the existing approaches to predict properties from computational data have also been directed towards specific material properties. In this work, we extend this approach, by proposing Landscape Crystal Graph Convolution Network(LCGCN), an accurate and transferable deep learning framework based on graph convolutional networks. LCGCN directly learns the potential energy surface (PES) from atomic configurations. This approach can enable transferable models that can predict different material properties. We apply this framework to bulk crystals (i.e. Al2O3), and test it by calculating potential energy surfaces at different temperatures and across different phases of crystal.
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- 2023
22. Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process based generation management for interconnected power system
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T. Varshney, A. V. Waghmare, V. P. Singh, V. P. Meena, R Anand, and Baseem Khan
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Fuzzy AHP ,AHP ,Jaya optimization algorithm ,PID controller ,AGC ,Power system ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Decision makers consistently face the challenge of simultaneously assessing numerous attributes, determining their respective importance, and selecting an appropriate method for calculating their weights. This article addresses the problem of automatic generation control (AGC) in a two area power system (2-APS) by proposing fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP), an multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) technique, to determine weights for sub-objective functions. The integral-time-absolute-errors (ITAE) of tie-line power fluctuation, frequency deviations and area control errors, are defined as the sub-objectives. Each of these is given a weight by the FAHP method, which then combines them into an single final objective function. This objective function is then used to design a PID controller. To improve the optimization of the objective function, the Jaya optimization algorithm (JOA) is used in conjunction with other optimization techniques such as sine cosine algorithm (SCA), Luus–Jaakola algorithm (LJA), Nelder–Mead simplex algorithm (NMSA), symbiotic organism search algorithm (SOSA) and elephant herding optimization algorithm (EHOA). Six distinct experimental cases are conducted to evaluate the controller’s performance under various load conditions, with data plotted to show responses corresponding to fluctuations in frequency and tie-line exchange. Furthermore, statistical analysis is performed to gain a better understanding of the effectiveness of the JOA-based PID controller. For non-parametric evaluation, Friedman rank test is also used to validate the performance of the proposed JOA-based controller.
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- 2024
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23. Investigation of rank order centroid method for optimal generation control
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T. Varshney, A. V. Waghmare, V. P. Singh, M. Ramu, N. Patnana, V. P. Meena, Ahmad Taher Azar, and Ibrahim A. Hameed
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MCDM ,Rank order centroid ,Jaya optimization ,PID controller ,AGC ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) presents a significant challenge in decision-making processes, aiming to ascertain optimal choice by considering multiple criteria. This paper proposes rank order centroid (ROC) method, MCDM technique, to determine weights for sub-objective functions, specifically, addressing issue of automatic generation control (AGC) within two area interconnected power system (TAIPS). The sub-objective functions include integral time absolute errors (ITAE) for frequency deviations and control errors in both areas, along with ITAE of fluctuation in tie-line power. These are integrated into an overall objective function, with ROC method systematically assigning weights to each sub-objective. Subsequently, a PID controller is designed based on this objective function. To further optimize objective function, Jaya optimization algorithm (JOA) is implemented, alongside other optimization algorithms such as teacher–learner based optimization algorithm (TLBOA), Luus–Jaakola algorithm (LJA), Nelder–Mead simplex algorithm (NMSA), elephant herding optimization algorithm (EHOA), and differential evolution algorithm (DEA). Six distinct case analyses are conducted to evaluate controller’s performance under various load conditions, plotting data to illustrate responses to frequency and tie-line exchange fluctuations. Additionally, statistical analysis is performed to provide further insights into efficacy of JOA-based PID controller. Furthermore, to prove the efficacy of JOA-based proposed controller through non-parametric test, Friedman rank test is utilized.
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- 2024
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24. Impacts of human mobility on the citywide transmission dynamics of 18 respiratory viruses in pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic years
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Amanda C. Perofsky, Chelsea L. Hansen, Roy Burstein, Shanda Boyle, Robin Prentice, Cooper Marshall, David Reinhart, Ben Capodanno, Melissa Truong, Kristen Schwabe-Fry, Kayla Kuchta, Brian Pfau, Zack Acker, Jover Lee, Thomas R. Sibley, Evan McDermot, Leslie Rodriguez-Salas, Jeremy Stone, Luis Gamboa, Peter D. Han, Amanda Adler, Alpana Waghmare, Michael L. Jackson, Michael Famulare, Jay Shendure, Trevor Bedford, Helen Y. Chu, Janet A. Englund, Lea M. Starita, and Cécile Viboud
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Science - Abstract
Abstract Many studies have used mobile device location data to model SARS-CoV-2 dynamics, yet relationships between mobility behavior and endemic respiratory pathogens are less understood. We studied the effects of population mobility on the transmission of 17 endemic viruses and SARS-CoV-2 in Seattle over a 4-year period, 2018-2022. Before 2020, visits to schools and daycares, within-city mixing, and visitor inflow preceded or coincided with seasonal outbreaks of endemic viruses. Pathogen circulation dropped substantially after the initiation of COVID-19 stay-at-home orders in March 2020. During this period, mobility was a positive, leading indicator of transmission of all endemic viruses and lagging and negatively correlated with SARS-CoV-2 activity. Mobility was briefly predictive of SARS-CoV-2 transmission when restrictions relaxed but associations weakened in subsequent waves. The rebound of endemic viruses was heterogeneously timed but exhibited stronger, longer-lasting relationships with mobility than SARS-CoV-2. Overall, mobility is most predictive of respiratory virus transmission during periods of dramatic behavioral change and at the beginning of epidemic waves.
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- 2024
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25. Dab2 (Disabled-2), an adaptor protein, regulates self-renewal of hair follicle stem cells
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Sayoni Roy, Darshan Mehta, Akshay Paradkar, Gopal Chovatiya, and Sanjeev K. Waghmare
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Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Abstract Disabled 2 (Dab2), an adaptor protein, is up regulated in the hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs); however, its role in any tissue stem cells has not been studied. In the present study, we have reported that Dab2 conditional knockout (Dab2-cKO) mice exhibited a delay in the HF cycle due to perturbed activation of HFSCs. Further, Dab2-cKO mice showed a reduction in the number of HFSCs and reduced colony forming ability of HFSCs. Dab2-cKO mice showed extended quiescence of HFSCs concomitant with an increased expression of Nfatc1. Dab2-cKO mice showed a decreased expression of anti-aging genes such as Col17a1, decorin, Sirt2 and Sirt7. Dab2-cKO mice did not show full hair coat recovery in aged mice thereby suggesting an accelerated aging process. Overall, we unveil for the first time, the role of Dab2 that regulate activation and self-renewal of HFSCs.
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- 2024
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26. Cold Abscess of Bilateral Parotids: Delusion or Reality?
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Chaitra Udagi, Pooja Jaisinghani, Rasika Waghmare, and Tushar Patil
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bilateral ,cold abscess ,parotid ,tb ,tubercular ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 - Abstract
Tuberculosis being endemic in country like India can affect any organ though pulmonary tuberculosis is rampant and extrapulmonary is rare. Tuberculosis affecting parotid gland is a rare occurrence, usually unilateral. However, Mycobacterium tuberculosis causing cold abscess in bilateral parotid glands is even rarer. Here, we present a case of a young female presented with bilateral slow-growing swelling in the parotid region with evening raise of temperature for two months. On clinical examination, no signs of inflammation were seen. Ultrasonography showed thick-walled hypoechoic collection with septae and internal echoes within involving both superficial and deep lobes of the parotid gland. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) suggested a caseating granuloma and acid fast bacilli were detected on ZN staining, thereby confirming the diagnosis of cold abscess. She was put on antitubercular drugs and there was a drastic reduction in the size of swelling.
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- 2024
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27. INCIDENCE AND CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON CANINE BABESIOSIS IN AND AROUND AKOLA, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
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B. P. Kamdi, R. S. Ingole, A. P. Kudale, A.M. Shende, and S. P. Waghmare
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b. gibsoni ,maharashtra ,pcr ,intra-erythrocytic ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Canine babesiosis is a tick-borne hemoprotozoan disease of canines. Two main infective agents of the disease are intra-erythrocytic i.e. Babesia vogeli and Babesia gibsoni. In the present study, a total of 145 numbers of dogs (90 male and 55 female) in and around Akola, Maharashtra were screened from January 2022 to September 2022 for Babesiosis and 18 animals (12.41%) were found clinically and cytologically positive. The incidence of babesiosis was higher in females (11/145, 7.58%) than in males (07/ 145, 4.83%). Out of 18 positive samples, 14 (9.65%) and 4 (2.75%) animals were found infected with small and large forms of Babesia spp., respectively. Further small form was confirmed as B. gibsoni and the large form was confirmed as B. vogeli by employing PCR assay. All the cases with babesiosis revealed moderate to severe regenerative anemia with occasional basophilic stippling and Howell jolly bodies with hemoglobin ranging from 7 to 11 g/dL. Characteristic clinical features were observed among 18 positive clinical cases. The present investigation reports the incidence of B. vogeli and B. gibsoni in canines in and around Akola of Maharashtra state of India.
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- 2024
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28. Enhanced therapeutic approach for diabetic foot ulcers: comparative study and characterisation of mupirocin-loaded nanosponge gel with marketed formulation for accelerating wound healing and in vivo evaluation
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Rushikesh S. Dhamak, Pramod S. Salve, Deepak R. Tiwari, Pradnya A. Raut, and Darshan S. Waghmare
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Mupirocin ,Nanosponge gel ,Streptozotocin ,Sustained release ,Topical delivery ,Diabetic wound healing ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 ,Pharmacy and materia medica ,RS1-441 - Abstract
Abstract Background The current investigation aimed to develop, optimise, and assess a mupirocin-loaded nanosponge-based topical delivery system for diabetic foot ulcer and to achieve prolonged drug release while improving drug deposition within the skin. The nanosponges carrying mupirocin were formulated using the emulsion solvent diffusion method. A 32 factorial design was utilised to investigate effect of two factors, specifically the concentration of ethyl cellulose and the stirring rate, on the physical attributes of the nanosponges. The optimised nanosponge formulation batch (F9) was subsequently incorporated into a Carbopol gel base, ensuring the desired physical attributes were achieved in the gel formulation containing nanosponges. The research included in vitro drug release evaluation, ex vivo drug deposition analysis, assessment of the antimicrobial action of the nanosponge formulation, and in vivo diabetic wound healing. Results Drug polymer compatibility analysis was conducted using FT-IR spectroscopy revealed no interactions among mupirocin and ethyl cellulose molecules. Further FT-IR spectroscopy, DSC spectroscopy, and XRD spectroscopy analysis of optimised formulation batch revealed that the drug was successfully entrapped in nanosponges. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed the spherical and porous nature of the prepared nanosponges. The drug release pattern across the cellulose dialysis membrane followed a diffusion-controlled release pattern, and the drug deposition analysis exhibited substantial retention of mupirocin in the skin from the nanosponges formulation for up to 24 h. Furthermore, the optimised nanosponges gel formulation demonstrated stability and non-irritant properties, as indicated by the HET-CAM test. In vivo evaluation of wound healing activity in a Streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus with excision wound model revealed significant actions pertaining to wound healing and closure after 16 days of treatment. Conclusion The mupirocin-loaded nanosponge gel contributed to remarkable and swift recovery and closure of wounds in diabetic rats. The nanosponges, acting as carriers for mupirocin, facilitated the effective delivery of the drug to the wound area, while the gel fostered an optimally humid environment conducive to wound care during the final stages of wound healing and sealing. Graphical abstract
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- 2024
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29. Enhanced performance of γ-In2Se3 photodetector on ITO-coated interdigital electrodes fabricated via RF-magnetron sputtering
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Hase, Yogesh, Prasad, Mohit, Shah, Shruti, Doiphode, Vidya, Waghmare, Ashish, Punde, Ashvini, Shinde, Pratibha, Rahane, Swati, Bade, Bharat, Ladhane, Somnath, Kale, Dhanashri, Rondiya, Sachin, and Jadkar, Sandesh
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- 2024
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30. Modeling Inter-Dependence Between Time and Mark in Multivariate Temporal Point Processes
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Waghmare, Govind, Debnath, Ankur, Asthana, Siddhartha, and Malhotra, Aakarsh
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Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Statistics - Machine Learning - Abstract
Temporal Point Processes (TPP) are probabilistic generative frameworks. They model discrete event sequences localized in continuous time. Generally, real-life events reveal descriptive information, known as marks. Marked TPPs model time and marks of the event together for practical relevance. Conditioned on past events, marked TPPs aim to learn the joint distribution of the time and the mark of the next event. For simplicity, conditionally independent TPP models assume time and marks are independent given event history. They factorize the conditional joint distribution of time and mark into the product of individual conditional distributions. This structural limitation in the design of TPP models hurt the predictive performance on entangled time and mark interactions. In this work, we model the conditional inter-dependence of time and mark to overcome the limitations of conditionally independent models. We construct a multivariate TPP conditioning the time distribution on the current event mark in addition to past events. Besides the conventional intensity-based models for conditional joint distribution, we also draw on flexible intensity-free TPP models from the literature. The proposed TPP models outperform conditionally independent and dependent models in standard prediction tasks. Our experimentation on various datasets with multiple evaluation metrics highlights the merit of the proposed approach.
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- 2022
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31. Blood pressure and heart rate variability to assess autonomic response to an acute bout of high intensity interval exercise in healthy young adults
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Saniya Waghmare, Alicen A. Whitaker‐Hilbig, Mark Chertoff, and Sandra A. Billinger
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autonomic nervous system ,cardiovascular ,coefficient of variation ,physiology ,spectral analysis ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
Abstract Autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity causes acute variations in blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). These systems are challenged during high intensity interval exercise (HIIE). However, BP variability (BPV) and HR variability (HRV) response to HIIE is unknown. We characterized BPV and HRV during an acute HIIE bout using spectral low frequency [LF] and high frequency [HF] domains. We hypothesized that BPV would increase and HRV would decrease during high‐intensity and active‐recovery of HIIE compared to baseline [BL] and BPV would reduce and HRV would increase during cool down, post‐HIIE, and 30 min post‐HIIE compared to BL. HIIE involved 10 min of alternating high‐intensity and active‐recovery (approximately 70% and 10% of Wattmax) on a recumbent stepper. We did a secondary analysis on 23 datasets. The participants were 25 ± 1.5 years, 48% females. Our results showed high‐intensity BPV LF was not significantly different from BL while HF increased. HRV LF and HF decreased compared to BL. During active‐recovery, LF and HF for BPV and HRV increased greater than high‐intensity. HRV LF and HF returned to BL after 30 min of recovery, whereas BPV HF was higher compared to BL. The rapid switching during HIIE uniquely modulates cardiovascular and ANS.
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- 2024
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32. Comparing efficacy of curcumin with other treatment modalities in oral submucous fibrosis management - A systematic review and meta-analysis
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Mandavi Waghmare, Sandeep Pagare, Ketaki Bhor, Richa Srivastava, Reema Manoj, and Kapil Gavand
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Curcumin ,Trismus ,Fibroses ,Oral submucous ,Miscellaneous systems and treatments ,RZ409.7-999 - Abstract
Background: Oral Submucous Fibrosis, OSF is an inflammatory mucosal disorder prevalent in areca nut chewing belts of the world. Although various treatments are available for its management, none provide complete resolution.Curcumin, an indigenous product, improves burning sensation, mouth opening along with other clinical signs of OSF and is potentially viable therapeutic option for its management. Objectives: To assess the available evidence for employing curcumin in improving symptoms in patients with OSF. Methods: Systematic search was carried out in e-databases from January 2010 until July 2023 to identify relevant clinical trials comparing curcumin to active and/or nonactive controls (placebo) for the management of OSF. Results: A total of 20 studies were used for qualitative analysis out of which 11 studies were considered for quantitative synthesis.Curcumin was found to be highly effective in alleviating pain/burning sensation, improving mouth opening (MO), cheek flexibility, tongue protrusion and induces positive histological changes in patients with OSF.The standardized mean difference in mouth opening between both the Curcumin and Multivitamin group showed a statistically significant difference favouring the Curcumin group (SMD, 0.37, 95% CI = 0.18–0.56, p - 0.0001, I2- 0%). Conclusion: Statistically curcumin was noted to be as effective as Aloe vera, lycopene and steroids in relieving symptoms of OSF in stages 1 and 2 and improving MO. It is seen to improve histopathological picture of lesions thereby suggesting its active role in preventing malignant transformation. Its found to be more effective than multivitamins in improving mouth opening of patients in OSF.
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- 2024
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33. Evaluation of viability, developmental competence, and apoptosis-related transcripts during in vivo post-ovulatory oocyte aging in zebrafish Danio rerio (Hamilton, 1822)
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Essaikiammal Sodalai Muthu Konar, Knut Mai, Sebastian Brachs, Swapnil Gorakh Waghmare, Azadeh Mohagheghi Samarin, Tomas Policar, and Azin Mohagheghi Samarin
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apoptosis ,cell death ,fertilization ,membrane integrity ,trypan blue ,zebrafish ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
IntroductionPost-ovulatory aging is a time-dependent deterioration of ovulated oocytes and a major limiting factor reducing the fitness of offspring. This process may lead to the activation of cell death pathways like apoptosis in oocytes.MethodologyWe evaluated oocyte membrane integrity, egg developmental competency, and mRNA abundance of apoptosis-related genes by RT-qPCR. Oocytes from zebrafish Danio rerio were retained in vivo at 28.5°C for 24 h post-ovulation (HPO). Viability was assessed using trypan blue (TB) staining. The consequences of in vivo oocyte aging on the developmental competence of progeny were determined by the embryo survival at 24 h post fertilization, hatching, and larval malformation rates.ResultsThe fertilization, oocyte viability, and hatching rates were 91, 97, and 65% at 0 HPO and dropped to 62, 90, and 22% at 4 HPO, respectively. The fertilizing ability was reduced to 2% at 8 HPO, while 72% of oocytes had still intact plasma membranes. Among the apoptotic genes bcl-2 (b-cell lymphoma 2), bada (bcl2-associated agonist of cell death a), cathepsin D, cathepsin Z, caspase 6a, caspase 7, caspase 8, caspase 9, apaf1, tp53 (tumor protein p53), cdk1 (cyclin-dependent kinase 1) studied, mRNA abundance of anti-apoptotic bcl-2 decreased and pro-apoptotic cathepsin D increased at 24 HPO. Furthermore, tp53 and cdk1 mRNA transcripts decreased at 24 HPO compared to 0 HPO.DiscussionThus, TB staining did not detect the loss of oocyte competency if caused by aging. TB staining, however, could be used as a simple and rapid method to evaluate the quality of zebrafish oocytes before fertilization. Taken together, our results indicate the activation of cell death pathways in the advanced stages of oocyte aging in zebrafish.
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- 2024
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34. Research advances on the consolidated bioprocessing of lignocellulosic biomass
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Zhongye Li, Pankajkumar R. Waghmare, Lubbert Dijkhuizen, Xiangfeng Meng, and Weifeng Liu
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Lignocellulosic biomass ,Biorefinery ,Consolidated bioprocessing ,Biochemicals ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is an abundant and renewable bioresource for the production of biofuels and biochemical products. The classical biorefinery process for lignocellulosic degradation and conversion comprises three stages, i.e., pretreatment, enzymatic saccharification, and fermentation. However, the complicated pretreatment process, high cost of cellulase production, and insufficient production performance of fermentation strains have restricted the industrialization of biorefinery. Consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) technology combines the process of enzyme production, enzymatic saccharification, and fermentation in a single bioreactor using a specific microorganism or a consortium of microbes and represents another approach worth exploring for the production of chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass. The present review summarizes the progress made in research of CBP technology for lignocellulosic biomass conversion. In this review, different CBP strategies in lignocellulose biorefinery are reviewed, including CBP with natural lignocellulose-degrading microorganisms as the chassis, CBP with biosynthetic microorganisms as the chassis, and CBP with microbial co-culturing systems. This review provides new perspectives and insights on the utilization of low-cost feedstock lignocellulosic biomass for production of biochemicals.
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- 2024
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35. Enhanced CO sensing with highly sensitive and selective rGO-Ru OEP chemiresistive sensor
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Yogita A. Waghmare, Vijaykiran N. Narwade, Ahmad Umar, Ahmed A. Ibrahim, and Mahendra D. Shirsat
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Reduced graphene oxide ,Ruthenium octaethyl porphyrin ,Chemiresistive sensor ,Carbon monoxide sensor ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The escalating discharge of noxious gases resulting from unmitigated anthropogenic activities has emerged as a pivotal concern, presenting imminent threats to global ecosystems. In response to this pressing challenge, the development of cutting-edge materials within gas sensor systems emerges as a promising avenue for the precise detection of hazardous gaseous pollutants. This investigation delves into the synthesis and characterization of a novel composite material: reduced graphene oxide (rGO) modified with ruthenium Octaethyl porphyrin (Ru OEP), with a primary focus on its chemiresistive sensing properties. The meticulously deposited rGO-modified Ru OEP material onto gold microelectrodes, featuring a 3 µm gap on a silicon Si/SiO2 substrate, resulted in an intricate two-terminal chemiresistive sensor device. Comprehensive structural, spectroscopic, and morphological analyses were conducted to elucidate the intricacies of the composite material. The electrical characterization, evaluated through I-V measurements, provided nuanced insights into the device's resistance properties. Notably, the chemiresistive sensor demonstrated exceptional responsiveness to Carbon monoxide (CO) gas, exhibiting an impressively low limit of detection (LOD) at 2.5 ppm. The fabricated sensor showcased rapid response and recovery times, registering at 43 s and 65 s, respectively, underscoring its efficiency in real-time applications. Furthermore, the sensor maintained linearity and stability across a broad spectrum of conditions, ensuring prolonged reliability and consistent performance. This research underscores the potential of advanced materials, specifically the rGO-modified Ru OEP composite, in crafting highly effective gas sensors to address urgent environmental and safety concerns. The presented findings contribute invaluable insights to the burgeoning field of gas sensor technology, paving the way for innovative solutions to mitigate the adverse impacts of anthropogenic activities on our delicate ecosystems.
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- 2024
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36. Determination of minimum sample size for testing proportion of non-Bt seeds under refuge-in-bag (RIB) for Bt cotton
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Santhy, V., Balasubramani, G., Biswas, Ankur, Santosh, H. B., Puttawar, Megha, Raut, Pradnya, Waghmare, V. N., and Prasad, Y. G.
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- 2023
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37. Treatment of greywater by Electrocoagulation process coupled with sand bed filter and activated carbon adsorption process in continuous mode
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Prajakta Waghe, Khalid Ansari, Mohammad Hadi Dehghani, Tripti Gupta, Aniket Pathade, and Charuta Waghmare
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electrocoagulation process ,sand bed filter ,activated carbon ,continuous mode ,greywater ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Worldwide population growth and consumerism have elevated the water pollution problem to the top of the environmental priority list, with severe consequences for public health, particularly in agricultural countries such as India, where water scarcity is a big challenge. Hence, greywater has the potential to be one of the most sustainable options to meet the growing need for freshwater with satisfying treatment options. This study focused on the assessment of electrocoagulation coupled with the filtration and adsorption processes in continuous modes and different electrode arrangements including (Al-Fe-Al-Fe), (Fe-Al-Fe-Al), (Al-Al-Al-Al) and (Fe-Fe-Fe-Fe) to investigate the effect of specific flow rates (i.e., 0.05 and 0.1 liters per minute) on the removal efficiency. The findings show that a 0.05 lit/min flow rate produces a higher removal efficiency approximately between 85 to 90% with an energy consumption of between 0.5 to 4.75 KWh/m3 as compared to the 75 to 85% removal efficiency and 0.4 to 4 KWh/m3 energy consumption at a flow rate of 0.1 lit/min. The operational cost is variable and mainly depends upon the energy consumption; moreover, it was found that the optimal results and economy variation shown by the electrode assembly of Al-Fe-Al-Fe was between 20 to 22 Indian rupees at a 24 volt current density and in each combination of electrodes.
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- 2024
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38. The comparison of species diversity and abundance of insect natural enemies in the domesticated species of cotton using the yellow pan trap method
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Prabhulinga Tenguri, Sandhya Kranthi, Chinna Babu Naik, Amutha Mari, Rishi Kumar, Ruchika Suke, Vishlesh Shankar Nagrare, Nandini Gokte Narkhedkar, Vijay Namdeo Waghmare, and Yenumula Gerard Prasad
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract India is the world’s largest cotton producer and the only country that grows all four cultivated cotton species. There have been very few studies on the diversity and abundance of natural enemies of cotton insect pests in these cultivated cotton species. Therefore, the current study (2016–2018) was conducted to assess the diversity and abundance of natural enemies that cultivated cotton species harbour. Phule Dhanwantari, Suraj, Suvin, RCH-2, and DCH-32 were the five genotypes used in the study, each with a distinct genetic background. Using the adiv 2.0.1 and vegan R packages, we identified significant differences in natural enemies in terms of species diversity, richness, evenness, and abundance. Analysis of Similarity (ANOSIM) and Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) indicated substantial differences in the natural enemy community structure among the examined genotypes. A total of 17,279 natural enemies were collected and identified across genotypes from seven predatory families and five parasitoid families. The percentage share of these natural enemy families across genotypes and years, in descending order, is Coccinellidae (28.23%)
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- 2024
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39. A novel era of probiotics in dentistry. A double-blind randomised clinical trial
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Ruhee Chawla, Aarti Patil, Vibhuti Dilip Mistry, Alka Sanjay Waghmare, Sunil Ronad, and Chetan Vinay Deshmukh
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chlorhexidine ,chronic periodontitis ,mouthrinses ,probiotics ,Dentistry ,RK1-715 - Abstract
Introduction: The use of chemical agents has dramatically increased and holds a great promise for the prevention of dental plaque, of which chlorhexidine is considered the gold standard. New novel probiotic mouthrinses are being developed to combat the adverse effects of chlorhexidine mouthrinse. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of probiotic mouthrinse with chlorhexidine mouthrinse for the treatment of chronic periodontitis as an adjunct to scaling and root planing. Materials and Methods: The patients were randomly divided into two groups of 7 subjects each. Group A (Control) and Group B (Test) had scaling and root planing along with chlorhexidine mouthrinse and probiotic mouthrinse, respectively. Clinical parameters measured at baseline and 45 days were gingival index, plaque index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment loss. Microbial analysis was done by collecting plaque samples at baseline and 45 days. Paired t-test was used for intragroup and intergroup comparisons, whereas independent t-test was used for intergroup comparisons. Keeping the level of significance at 5%, the significant difference was adjusted at P ≤ 0.05. Results: The mean clinical parameters were significantly reduced for both treatment groups posttherapy. The microbiological data analysis (colony-forming units/ml) showed that after the therapy, there was a significant reduction in both the groups with Group B > Group A. Conclusion: Probiotics can in the near future and with more research serve to be as natural candidates to substitute antibiotics and their derivatives.
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- 2024
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40. Artificial intelligence in dentistry
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Sachin Shinde, Yojana Patil, Amol Jamkhande, Yashodharaa Shah, Neelam Kakde, Pramod Waghmare, Rachna Sonone, Snehal Pote, and Isha Vaidya
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artificial intelligence ,artificial neural network ,deep learning ,diagnostic imaging ,machine learning ,Dentistry ,RK1-715 - Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a technological breakthrough that is rapidly progressing all over the world. AI has a variety of uses in medicine and dentistry, ranging from data analysis to using neural networks for diagnosis. AI has received enormous attention and has gone through a transition stage from being a pure statistical tool to being one of the main drivers of modern medicine. We are at the dawn of a new era, and AI is undoubtedly the future of dental practice management. This aim article is to review the various applications of AI in all the specialties of dentistry.
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- 2024
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41. Effect of oral vitamin C administration along with iron supplementation for treating anaemia among adolescent girls - Protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
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Ujwala U Ukey, Sarita K Sharma, Dhruv S Chitre, Paras R Waghmare, Aditi J Dabir, Rohini Desai, and Neethubaby Palatty
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anemia ,iron ,protocol ,systematic review ,vitamin c ,Medicine - Abstract
Background: Anemia among adolescent girls is a worldwide public health problem. Although anemia has several causes, the most common and significant is iron deficiency. Treatment of anemia with iron alone may result in reduced compliance on account of adverse effects. Various studies have revealed that use of vitamin C in addition to iron improves its absorption and reduces the ill effects of the therapy. However, a concrete evidence of adding vitamin C to iron for treating iron deficiency anemia is lacking. Aims: Protocol for current systematic review was prepared and registered with the aim to generate evidence on role of vitamin C in addition to iron for treatment of anemia. Materials and Methods: Present protocol has been prepared based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and registered with International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews. Data extraction will be done by the reviewers independently. Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool will be used for risk of bias assessment. Results: For primary outcome and each of the other outcomes pairwise random effects meta-analysis and network meta-analysis will be performed. Sensitivity analysis will be performed in case of any heterogeneity is detected to find out the difference of the effect estimation between subsets. Conclusions: The evidence for role of vitamin C as an adjunct in iron and folic acid for treatment of anemia in adolescent girls will be generated once the systematic review and meta-analysis is completed.
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- 2024
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42. Rank Exponent Method Based Optimal Control of AGC for Two-Area Interconnected Power Systems
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Mamta, V. P. Singh, Akanksha V. Waghmare, Veerpratap P. Meena, Francesco Benedetto, and Tarun Varshney
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Rank exponent method ,AGC ,Jaya optimization ,interconnected power system ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
Automatic generation control (AGC) is employed in power systems to maintain balance between generation and load by adjusting output of generators in real time. Controller continuously monitors system frequency and tie-line power flow by responding to fluctuations in electricity demand and supply and optimizes generator dispatch, reduces power imbalances, and enhances grid stability. This work proposes and solves the issues of the AGC in two-area interconnected power systems by proposing a new approach based on both Jaya algorithm and the rank exponent method. In particular, we design a proportional-integral-derivative controller with derivative filtering (PIDm), where the effect of the noise is mitigated by the use of a filter with derivative gain. We propose to build the objective function, to tune the controller’s parameters, as the linear combination of three sub-objectives, namely integral of time multiplied absolute error (ITAE) for frequency deviations, tie-line power deviation, and area-control errors (ACEs). The rank method is exploited to evaluate the weights of these sub-objectives, while the final overall objective function is minimized exploiting the Jaya algorithm. The proposed controller’s performance is assessed in six different scenarios with load disturbances, and its effectiveness is compared to state-of-art controllers tuned using salp swarm algorithm (SSA), Nelder-Mead simplex (NMS), symbiotic organisms search (SOS), elephant herding optimization (EHO), and Luus-Jaakola (LJ) optimization algorithms. To illustrate the frequency and tie-line power changes, results are also shown, and a statistical study is finally carried out to evaluate the recommended controller’s overall effectiveness. Additionally, Friedman rank test as no-parametric statistical analysis is also done in order to evaluate the significance level of optimization algorithms. Our numerical findings evidence that the proposed PIDm controller outperforms other existing optimization-based controllers in terms of performance and utility, thus proving to be very effective for handling AGC issues in two-are interconnected power systems.
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- 2024
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43. HHV-6B detection and host gene expression implicate HHV-6B as pulmonary pathogen after hematopoietic cell transplant
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Joshua A. Hill, Yeon Joo Lee, Lisa K. Vande Vusse, Hu Xie, E. Lisa Chung, Alpana Waghmare, Guang-Shing Cheng, Haiying Zhu, Meei-Li Huang, Geoffrey R. Hill, Keith R. Jerome, Wendy M. Leisenring, Danielle M. Zerr, Sina A. Gharib, Sanjeet Dadwal, and Michael Boeckh
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Science - Abstract
Abstract Limited understanding of the immunopathogenesis of human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B) has prevented its acceptance as a pulmonary pathogen after hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT). In this prospective multicenter study of patients undergoing bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) for pneumonia after allogeneic HCT, we test blood and BAL fluid (BALF) for HHV-6B DNA and mRNA transcripts associated with lytic infection and perform RNA-seq on paired blood. Among 116 participants, HHV-6B DNA is detected in 37% of BALs, 49% of which also have HHV-6B mRNA detection. We establish HHV-6B DNA viral load thresholds in BALF that are highly predictive of HHV-6B mRNA detection and associated with increased risk for overall mortality and death from respiratory failure. Participants with HHV-6B DNA in BALF exhibit distinct host gene expression signatures, notable for enriched interferon signaling pathways in participants clinically diagnosed with idiopathic pneumonia. These data implicate HHV-6B as a pulmonary pathogen after allogeneic HCT.
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- 2024
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44. Generating evidence on antibiotic use across human and animal health sectors using the World Health Organization’s Access, Watch, Reserve (AWaRe) classification: Exploratory pilot study in rural Pune, India
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Abhay Machindra Kudale, Sakshi Shantanu Hiralkar, Pravin Arun Sawant, Yogita Purushottam Hulsurkar, Nikhil Rajkumar Fatate, Priya Padmakar Waghmare, Abhishek Prakash Randive, Mugdha Sharad Phutane, Prashant Pawar, and Prashant Mhase
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antimicrobial resistance ,antibiotics use ,overlap ,rural india ,who aware ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background and Aim: Human antibiotic formulations in animal feed for therapeutic and non-therapeutic purposes have contributed to antimicrobial resistance worldwide; however, little evidence is available in low- and middle-income countries. We aimed to generate evidence of antibiotic use across the human and animal health sectors by investigating the overlap in antibiotic use in community settings in rural blocks of Pune District, India, following the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Access, Watch, Reserve (AWaRe) classification. Materials and Methods: An exploratory pilot study using a cross-sectional design in two randomly selected rural blocks of the Pune district included 138 interviews with general physicians (GPs, n = 62), pharmacists (n = 60), and veterinary practitioners (n = 16) using semi-structured interview schedules and the WHO AWaRe classification. IBM-Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, Version 21.0 software was used for descriptive statistics and to calculate the proportions of the different antibiotic groups. The WHO AWaRe classification was used to describe antibiotic use by the study participants and to assess the overlap in antibiotic use. Results: Our study provides evidence of an overlap in human and animal antibiotic use in rural community settings across the human and animal health sectors. Amoxicillin (access group), penicillin (access group), and ofloxacin (watch group) were used in both human and animal health. Amoxicillin and penicillin were used to treat common bacterial infections, ofloxacin was used to treat skin infections in humans and animals, and ofloxacin was used to treat pneumonia in animals and urinary bladder infections in humans. In contrast, azithromycin (watch group), cefixime (watch group), and amoxicillin (Access Group), with or without other antibiotics, were the most commonly used antibiotics by GPs in humans. Conclusion: We confirmed the overlap in antibiotic use across the human and animal health sectors in rural community settings, suggesting the need for interventions following the One Health approach. Further, research is required to assess the patterns of this overlap, as well as behavior, knowledge, and potential solutions to help avoid this overlap and prevent the rampant use of antibiotics in the animal and human health sectors in rural community settings.
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- 2023
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45. Pressure-induced superconductivity in weak topological insulator BiSe
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Malavi, Pallavi, Paul, Arpita, Bera, Achintya, Muthu, D V S, Majhi, Kunjalata, Kumar, P S Anil, Waghmare, Umesh V., Sood, A. K., and Karmakar, S.
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Condensed Matter - Superconductivity ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
Quasi-two-dimensional layered BiSe, a natural super-lattice with Bi2Se3-Bi2-Bi2Se3 units, has recently been predicted to be a dual topological insulator, simultaneously weak topological insulator as well as topological crystalline insulator. Here using structural, transport, spectroscopic measurements and density functional theory calculations, we show that BiSe exhibits rich phase diagram with the emergence of superconductivity with Tc ~8K under pressure. Sequential structural transitions into SnSe-type energetically tangled orthorhombic and CsCl-type cubic structures having distinct superconducting properties are identified at 8 GPa and 13 GPa respectively. Our observation of weak-antilocalization in magneto-conductivity suggests that spin-orbit coupling (SOC) plays a significant role in retaining non-trivial band topology in the trigonal phase with possible realization of 2D topological superconductivity. Theoretical analysis reveals that SOC significantly enhances superconducting Tc of the high-pressure cubic phase through an increase in electron-phonon coupling strength. Simultaneous emergence of Dirac-like surface states suggests cubic BiSe as a suitable candidate for the 3D-topological superconductor., Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures with Supplementary pages
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- 2022
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46. Pressure tuning of structure, magnetic frustration and carrier conduction in Kitaev spin liquid candidate Cu$_2$IrO$_3$: X-ray, Raman, magnetic susceptibility, resistivity and first-principles analysis
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Pal, Srishti, Malavi, Pallavi, Sinha, Arijit, Ali, Anzar, Sakrikar, Piyush, Joseph, Boby, Waghmare, Umesh V., Singh, Yogesh, Muthu, D. V. S., Karmakar, S., and Sood, A. K.
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Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
The layered honeycomb lattice iridate Cu$_2$IrO$_3$ is the closest realization of the Kitaev quantum spin liquid, primarily due to the enhanced interlayer separation and nearly ideal honeycomb lattice. We report pressure-induced structural evolution of Cu$_2$IrO$_3$ by powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD) up to $\sim$17 GPa and Raman scattering measurements up to $\sim$25 GPa. A structural phase transition (monoclinic $C2/c \: \rightarrow$ triclinic $P\bar{1}$) is observed with a broad mixed phase pressure range ($\sim$4 to 15 GPa). The triclinic phase consists of heavily distorted honeycomb lattice with Ir-Ir dimer formation and a collapsed interlayer separation. In the stability range of the low-pressure monoclinic phase, structural evolution maintains the Kitaev configuration up to 4 GPa. This is supported by the observed enhanced magnetic frustration in dc susceptibility without emergence of any magnetic ordering and an enhanced dynamic Raman susceptibility. High-pressure resistance measurements up to 25 GPa in the temperature range 1.4--300 K show resilient non-metallic $R$($T$) behaviour with significantly reduced resistivity in the high-pressure phase. The Mott 3D variable-range-hopping conduction with much reduced characteristic energy scale $T_0$ suggests that the high-pressure phase is at the boundary of localized-itinerant crossover. Using first-principles density functional theoretical (DFT) calculations, we find that at ambient pressure $\rm Cu_2IrO_3$ exists in monoclinic $P2_1/c$ phase which is energetically lower than $C2/c$ phase (both the structures are consistent with experimental XRD pattern). DFT reveals structural transition from $P2_1/c$ to $P\bar{1}$ structure at 7 GPa (involving dimerization of Ir-Ir bonds) in agreement with experimentally observed transition pressure., Comment: 32 pages, 11 figures
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- 2022
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47. Berry curvature dipole senses topological transition in a moir\'e superlattice
- Author
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Sinha, Subhajit, Adak, Pratap Chandra, Chakraborty, Atasi, Das, Kamal, Debnath, Koyendrila, Sangani, L. D. Varma, Watanabe, Kenji, Taniguchi, Takashi, Waghmare, Umesh V., Agarwal, Amit, and Deshmukh, Mandar M.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics - Abstract
Topological aspects of electron wavefunction play a crucial role in determining the physical properties of materials. Berry curvature and Chern number are used to define the topological structure of electronic bands. While Berry curvature and its effects in materials have been studied, detecting changes in the topological invariant, Chern number, is challenging. In this regard, twisted double bilayer graphene (TDBG) has emerged as a promising platform to gain electrical control over the Berry curvature hotspots and the valley Chern numbers of its flat bands. In addition, strain induced breaking of the three-fold rotation (C3) symmetry in TDBG, leads to a non-zero first moment of Berry curvature called the Berry curvature dipole (BCD), which can be sensed using nonlinear Hall (NLH) effect. We reveal, using TDBG, that the BCD detects topological transitions in the bands and changes its sign. In TDBG, the perpendicular electric field tunes the valley Chern number and the BCD simultaneously allowing us a tunable system to probe the physics of topological transitions. Furthermore, we find hysteresis of longitudinal and NLH responses with electric field that can be attributed to switching of electric polarization in moir\'e systems. Such a hysteretic response holds promise for next-generation Berry curvature-based memory devices. Probing topological transitions, as we show, can be emulated in other 3D topological systems., Comment: 21 pages, 9 figures, and supplementary information
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Efficient Image Representation Learning with Federated Sampled Softmax
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Waghmare, Sagar M., Qi, Hang, Chen, Huizhong, Sirotenko, Mikhail, and Meron, Tomer
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Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Abstract
Learning image representations on decentralized data can bring many benefits in cases where data cannot be aggregated across data silos. Softmax cross entropy loss is highly effective and commonly used for learning image representations. Using a large number of classes has proven to be particularly beneficial for the descriptive power of such representations in centralized learning. However, doing so on decentralized data with Federated Learning is not straightforward as the demand on FL clients' computation and communication increases proportionally to the number of classes. In this work we introduce federated sampled softmax (FedSS), a resource-efficient approach for learning image representation with Federated Learning. Specifically, the FL clients sample a set of classes and optimize only the corresponding model parameters with respect to a sampled softmax objective that approximates the global full softmax objective. We examine the loss formulation and empirically show that our method significantly reduces the number of parameters transferred to and optimized by the client devices, while performing on par with the standard full softmax method. This work creates a possibility for efficiently learning image representations on decentralized data with a large number of classes under the federated setting., Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables and 1 algorithm
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- 2022
49. Tuberculosis diagnosis and management in the public versus private sector: a standardised patients study in Mumbai, India.
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Daniels, Benjamin, Shah, Daksha, Kwan, Ada, Das, Ranendra, Das, Veena, Puri, Varsha, Tipre, Pranita, Waghmare, Upalimitra, Gomare, Mangala, Keskar, Padmaja, Das, Jishnu, and Pai, Madhukar
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cross-sectional survey ,infections ,diseases ,disorders ,injuries ,public health ,tuberculosis ,Humans ,Private Sector ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Tuberculosis ,India ,Anti-Bacterial Agents - Abstract
BACKGROUND: There are few rigorous studies comparing quality of tuberculosis (TB) care in public versus private sectors. METHODS: We used standardised patients (SPs) to measure technical quality and patient experience in a sample of private and public facilities in Mumbai. RESULTS: SPs presented a classic, suspected TB scenario and a recurrence or drug-resistance scenario. In the private sector, SPs completed 643 interactions. In the public sector, 164 interactions. Outcomes included indicators of correct management, medication use and client experience. Public providers used microbiological testing (typically, microscopy) more frequently, in 123 of 164 (75%; 95% CI 68% to 81%) vs 223 of 644 interactions (35%; 95% CI 31% to 38%) in the private sector. Private providers were more likely to order chest X-rays, in 556 of 639 interactions (86%; 95% CI 84% to 89%). According to national TB guidelines, we found higher proportions of correct management in the public sector (75% vs 35%; (adjusted) difference 35 percentage points (pp); 95% CI 25 to 46). If X-rays were considered acceptable for the first case but drug-susceptibility testing was required for the second case, the private sector correctly managed a slightly higher proportion of interactions (67% vs 51%; adjusted difference 16 pp; 95% CI 7 to 25). Broad-spectrum antibiotics were used in 76% (95% CI 66% to 84%) of the interactions in public hospitals, and 61% (95% CI 58% to 65%) in private facilities. Costs in the private clinics averaged rupees INR 512 (95% CI 485 to 539); public facilities charged INR 10. Private providers spent more time with patients (4.4 min vs 2.4 min; adjusted difference 2.0 min; 95% CI 1.2 to 2.9) and asked a greater share of relevant questions (29% vs 43%; adjusted difference 13.7 pp; 95% CI 8.2 to 19.3). CONCLUSIONS: While the public providers did a better job of adhering to national TB guidelines (especially microbiological testing) and offered less expensive care, private sector providers did better on client experience.
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- 2022
50. Au-sensitized ZnO nanostructures for efficient photoelectrochemical splitting of water
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Darboe, Ebrima L., Mosamem, Sayed A. S., Shah, Shruti, Sharma, Vidhika, Bade, Bharat, Rahane, Swati, Doiphode, Vidya, Shinde, Pratibha, Waghmare, Ashish, Hase, Yogesh, Punde, Ashvini, Ladhane, Somnath, Prasad, Mohit, and Jadkar, Sandesh
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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