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In this paper, we have proposed a fuzzy based decision making component for high volume traffic MPLS networks, by implementing Traffic Engineering, Quality of Service and Multipath routing. The approach explicitly proves to be successful in solving the issues and challenges pertaining to stability, scalability in high volume and dynamic traffic. Furthermore, it will work to handle congestion by higher link utilization and provides efficient rerouting of traffic along with fault tolerance in the network. In this research work, fuzzy calculations are done for fixing the attributes of the MPLS label(s), which is put on particular packet representing the Forwarding Equivalence Class. Fuzzy controller consists of two sub fuzzy systems- Label Switched Path setup System (LsS) and Traffic Splitting System (TSS). The computation of dynamic status of Load and Delay is utilized by LsS to arrange the paths in preference order. The attained Link Capacity and Utilization Rate are employing by TSS for maintaining congestion free path. The impact of this is to facilitate, we have better decision making for splitting the traffic for different promising paths. This was apparent from the series of traffic scenarios. Observations are obtained using this realization.

Predicting the groundwater level of karst aquifers in North China Coalfield is essential for early warning of mine water hazards and regional water resources management. However, the dynamic changes of strata structure and hydrogeological parameters driven by coal mining activity cause challenges to the process-oriented groundwater model. In order to achieve accurate prediction of groundwater level in large mining areas, this study was the first to use the data-driven Nonlinear Autoregressive with External Input (NARX) model to predict the groundwater level of six karst aquifer observation wells in Pingshuo Mining Area. Three variable input scenarios were set up, solely considering meteorological factors, anthropogenic disturbance factors, and considering both meteorological and anthropogenic disturbance factors. The novel partial mutual information (PMI) screening algorithm was adopted to determine optimized input variables in each scenario. The input and feedback delay coefficients of NARX model were determined by using Seasonal-trend Decomposition Procedure Based on Loess (STL) algorithm and auto- and cross-correlation functions. The results showed that PMI algorithm can effectively screen out the optimal input variables for predicting groundwater level, the NSE coefficients of the PMI-NARX models under the three scenarios were 38.81%, 4.26% and 41.46% higher than those of the corresponding control experiments, respectively. In addition, the prediction performance of the PMI-NARX built on the basis of meteorological factors is poor (NSE0.63). However, in scenarios which solely use anthropogenic disturbance factors and both use meteorological and anthropogenic disturbance factors, the PMI-NARX coupling models exhibit good prediction performance (NSE and R

Background: Weeds are the major threat to direct seeded rice and a single strategy of weed control may not be effective for season-long weed control. Intending to accomplish the long-term and sustainable weed management of direct seeded rice, the integration approach of weed management strategies seems a better alternative. The current field study was aimed to evaluate the impact of integration of different weed control methods on direct seeded rice under irrigated ecosystem on weed growth and rice yield. Methods: The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications and twelve treatments during 2017 at G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India. The twelve treatments included the combination of cultural, mechanical, physical and chemical weed management methods. Result: Combination of stale seedbed technique integrated with pre-emergence application of pendimethalin with mechanical weeding at 25 DAS followed by 1 hand weeding at 45 DAS, Sesbania (line sowing) fb application of pendimethalin (PE) fb 1 mechanical weeding at 25 DAS fb 1 hand weeding at 45 DAS, stale seedbed with application of pendimethalin (PE) with Sesbania brown manuring supplemented with mechanical weeding (25 DAS) fb hand weeding at 45 DAS, mulching with wheat straw mulch along with post-emergence application of penoxsulam (20 DAS) fb 1 hand weeding at 45 DAS and application of pendimethalin (PE) fb penoxsulum (PoE) at 20 DAS fb 1 hand weeding at 45 DAS with a row spacing of 25 cm found to be similar in the suppression of weed population and weed density at 40 and 60 DAS and crop yields (4.3, 4.1, 4.2, 4.0 and 4.2 t/ha, respectively) were on par with weed free plot i.e. 4.4t/ha. Application of pendimethalin (PE) fb penoxsulum (PoE) at 20 DAS fb 1 hand weeding at 45 DAS with row spacing of 25cm recorded 93.7%, 90.6% and 4.5% weed control efficiency, weed control index and weed index respectively, which was similar with above integrated weed management treatments. A negative correlation of the weed density and dry matter with the yield of rice was recorded.

Electrokinetic remediation is an innovative technique to clean spiked soils, in the experiment undertaken effect of current and chemical chelators have been studied and discussed on marigold in potted plants, 15 d(days) old plant were transferred to pots followed up by discrete treatment with 3 milimolar(mM) ethylenediaminetetra acetic acid (EDTA) and electric current. Increasing voltage of DC current (i.e. 1V, 2V, 3V and 4V) was applied for 15 min (minute) for 30 days (d). The findings unveiled that the shoot of physically amended plant was capable of accumulating higher values of metal on 30thd initially, however on 45thd the accumulation was almost same for chemically and physically amended plants. The faster accumulation of heavy metal was aided by the intermediate values of current which helped the plant to withdraw maximum heavy metal on 30th(d) day which proves electrokinetic remediation to be a rapid and better alternative compared to EDTA which shows retarded remediation initially because of damage caused by it to the root hair and has potential threat to contaminate the underground water due to leaching of heavy metals.

A novel approach presented herein transforms the Human Machine Interface (HMI) states, as a pattern of visual feedback states that encompass both operator actions and process states, from a multi-variate time-series to a natural language processing (NLP) modeling domain. The goal of this approach is to predict operator response patterns for n &minus, a h e a d time-step window given k &minus, l a g g e d past HMI state patterns. The NLP approach offers the possibility of encoding (semantic) contextual relations within HMI state patterns. Towards which, a technique for framing raw HMI data for supervised training using sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) deep-learning machine translation algorithms is presented. In addition, a custom Seq2Seq convolutional neural network (CNN) NLP model based on current state-of-the-art design elements such as attention, is compared against a standard recurrent neural network (RNN) based NLP model. Results demonstrate comparable effectiveness of both the designs of NLP models evaluated for modeling HMI states. RNN NLP models showed higher ( &asymp, 26 % ) forecast accuracy, in general for both in-sample and out-of-sample test datasets. However, custom CNN NLP model showed higher ( &asymp, 53 % ) validation accuracy indicative of less over-fitting with the same amount of available training data. The real-world application of the proposed NLP modeling of industrial HMIs, such as in power generating stations control rooms, aviation (cockpits), and so forth, is towards the realization of a non-intrusive operator situational awareness monitoring framework through prediction of HMI states.

Central neurocytomas (CNCs) are benign intraventricular neoplasms seen in children and young adults. Rarely, neoplasms that are similar in histopathological appearance arise in the brain parenchyma and are termed as extra-ventricular neurocytoma (EVNC). These EVNCs commonly present as epilepsy and behave more aggressively than CNCs with poorer long-term outcome. Here, we present a case of EVNCs in a male child with multiple recurrences, aggressive behavior and extensive craniospinal dissemination. Keywords: Central neurocytoma, Extra-ventricular neurocytoma, Craniospinal dissemination

The present article deals with 2Bi2O3-B2O3 (BBO) glass whose photocatalytic activity has been enhanced by the method of wet etching using an aqueous solution of hydrofluoric acid (HF). X-ray diffraction of the samples reveals that etching with an aqueous solution of HF leads to the formation of BiF3 and BiO0.1F2.8 phases. Surface morphology obtained from scanning electron microscopy show granular and plate-like morphology on the etched glass samples. Rhodamine 6G (Rh 6G) has been used to investigate the photocatalytic activity of the as-quenched and etched glasses. Enhanced visible light-driven photocatalytic activity was observed in HF etched glass-ceramics compared to the as-quenched BBO glass. Contact angle of the as-quenched glass was 90.2°, which decreases up to 20.02° with an increase in concentration of HF in the etching solution. Enhanced photocatalytic activity and increase in the hydrophilic nature suggests the efficient treatment of water pollutants by using the prepared surface crystallized glass–ceramics.

Porous Ba0.85Sr0.15TiO3 (BST) ferroelectric ceramics were synthesized by sintering compacts consisting of BST and Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% by wt.) as pore-forming agent. Systematic investigation of role of porosity on microstructural, dielectric, and pyroelectric performance is carried out. It is observed that as PMMA increased from 0% to 10%, the porosity increased from 7.5% to 29.5%. Dielectric constant decreases and dielectric loss increases with increasing PMMA content at fixed frequency. When porosity reached 29.5%, the relative dielectric constant of the BST composition decreased by more than 78% (from 3500 to 750) at 10 kHz and 300 K. Porosity leads to a significant reduction in dielectric constant and volume-specific heat capacity, which are of great interest for improving pyroelectric figure of merits (FOMs). Further, the pyroelectric figure of merits for current responsivity (Fi), voltage responsivity (Fv), detectivity (Fd), and energy harvesting (Fe and Fe*) are calculated for all investigated compositions. Compared with dense ceramic, porous BST (10% PMMA) showed an improvement of Fd by 19%, Fe by 61%, and Fe* by 98%. Fv increased by 210% at 300 K/10 kHz. All of these advancements are favorable for the development of pyroelectric devices.

Patterned superhydrophilic-superhydrophobic (SHL - SHB) surfaces have shown promise in droplet-based biochemical assays. However, fundamental understanding of the behavior of liquid droplets on such patterned surfaces has not received much attention. Here, we report wetting dynamics and stability of an aqueous droplet placed over a superhydrophilic spot (θ~0°) surrounded by a superhydrophobic surface (θ~160°). We study the shape evolution (contact angle (θ) and contact line diameter (dc)) of an aqueous droplet placed over a horizontal SHL - SHB surface with its volume (Vd), using experiments and analytical modeling. The results showed that depending upon the Bond number (Bo) and spot diameter (ds), three different regimes: spherical cap with fixed dc and varying θ (Regime I), oblate spheroid with fixed dc and varying θ (Regime II), and oblate spheroid with varying dc and fixed θ (Regime III), are observed. The transition from Regime I to Regime II occurs for Bo~1 whereas that from Regime II to Regime III occurs at Bocr~0.33ds1.30. Analysis of the present case wherein the contact line lies at the boundary of SHL - SHB surfaces, revealed anomaly with respect to the statements of Wenzel, Cassie-Baxter and McCarthy. Further, the stability of a droplet placed over the superhydrophilic spot on an SHL - SHB angular surface is studied using experiments and analytical modeling, which showed that the competition between contact line pinning force (Fp) and gravitational force (Fg) governs its stability. The stable and unstable regimes are identified based on the Bond number (Bo) and spot diameter (ds) and the critical Bond number for stable - unstable transition depends on spot diameter as Bocr~0.5ds-0.93.

Germ cell tumors (GCT) constitute less than 3% of all ovarian cancers. These tumors occur predominantly in children and women under 30 years of age. The immature ovarian teratoma is the third commonest of the germ cell tumors following dysgerminoma and endodermal sinus tumor. The growing teratoma syndrome (GTS) is an extremely rare metastatic complication of a malignant germ cell tumor. The finding of a growing solid mass (or masses) during or after chemotherapy treatment for GCT of the ovary should raise the possibility of the growing teratoma syndrome. These lesions should be resected to confirm the diagnosis, to exclude malignancy, to relieve a possible pressure on adjacent organs and to prevent a possibility of malignant transformation in future.

Background: In laparoscopic surgeries, insufflation with carbon dioxide triggers vagal afferents on the bowel and peritoneum which induces emesis by activating the vomiting center. It is hypothesized that combined antiemetics with different sites of activity would be more effective than one drug alone for the prophylaxis against PONV. So, the present study was planned to compare the efficacy of granisetron, dexamethasone and combination of granisetron with dexamethasone to prevent PONV.Methods: This randomized prospective double-blind study was performed on 120 patients, aged between 18 and 58 years of ASA physical status I and II of either sex undergoing laparoscopic surgeries under general anesthesia. Patients were randomized in three groups, group I (granisetrone 2 mg I.V.), group II (dexamethasone) 8 mg I.V., group III (granisetrone+dexamethasone) 2 mg+8 mg I.V. with 40 patients in each group. Complete response, incidence of nausea, vomiting, and rescue antiemetic were recorded at specified intervals.Results: A complete response (defined as no PONV and no need for another rescue antiemetic) was achieved in 75% of the patients given granisetron, 70% in dexamethasone and in 92.5% of the patients given granisetron plus dexamethasone (P

Pressure and Temperature in different metals including radioactive materials behind converging shock waves, is simulated using generalized form of equation of state. Tait’s equation of state of metals, is valid for pressures of the range of few mega bars and takes into account only elastic pressures. At such high pressures, metal undergo phase change and normal equation of state no more is valid. At such pressures, temperature in metals becomes very high and thermal and excitation pressures dominate over elastic pressure. It is observed that as shock approaches the center of sphere, excitation pressure dominates elastic as well as thermal pressure..

Since 2003 India has been actively promoting the cultivation of Jatropha on unproductive and degraded lands (wastelands) for the production of biodiesel suitable as transportation fuel. In this paper the life cycle energy balance, global warming potential, acidification potential, eutrophication potential and land use impact on ecosystem quality is evaluated for a small scale, low-input Jatropha biodiesel system established on wasteland in rural India. In addition to the life cycle assessment of the case at hand, the environmental performance of the same system expanded with a biogas installation digesting seed cake was quantified. The environmental impacts were compared to the life cycle impacts of a fossil fuel reference system delivering the same amount of products and functions as the Jatropha biodiesel system under research. The results show that the production and use of Jatropha biodiesel triggers an 82% decrease in non-renewable energy requirement (Net Energy Ratio, NER = 1.85) and a 55% reduction in global warming potential (GWP) compared to the reference fossil-fuel based system. However, there is an increase in acidification (49%) and eutrophication (430%) from the Jatropha system relative to the reference case. Although adding biogas production to the system boosts the energy efficiency of the system (NER = 3.40), the GWP reduction would not increase (51%) due to additional CH4 emissions. For the land use impact, Jatropha improved the structural ecosystem quality when planted on wasteland, but reduced the functional ecosystem quality. Fertilizer application (mainly N) is an important contributor to most negative impact categories. Optimizing fertilization, agronomic practices and genetics are the major system improvement options.

The interest in using Jatropha curcas L. (JCL) as a feedstock for the production of bio-diesel is rapidly growing. The properties of the crop and its oil have persuaded investors, policy makers and clean development mechanism (CDM) project developers to consider JCL as a substitute for fossil fuels to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, JCL is still a wild plant of which basic agronomic properties are not thoroughly understood and the environmental effects have not been investigated yet. Gray literature reports are very optimistic on simultaneous wasteland reclamation capability and oil yields, further fueling the Jatropha bio-diesel hype. In this paper, we give an overview of the currently available information on the different process steps of the production process of bio-diesel from JCL, being cultivation and production of seeds, extraction of the oil, conversion to and the use of the bio-diesel and the by-products. Based on this collection of data and information the best available practice, the shortcomings and the potential environmental risks and benefits are discussed for each production step. The review concludes with a call for general precaution and for science to be applied. ispartof: Biomass & Bioenergy vol:32 issue:12 pages:1063-1084 status: published

Jatropha curcas is a multipurpose, drought-resistant, biofuel tree originating from Central and South America, but now growing pantropic. The tree produces seeds containing 27-40% inedible oil, which is easily convertible into biodiesel. Although even some basic agronomic characteristics of J. curcas are not yet fully understood, the plant enjoys a booming interest, which may hold the risk of unsustainable practice. Our qualitative sustainability assessment, focusing on environmental impacts and strengthened by some socio-economic issues, is quite favorable as long as only wastelands or degraded grounds are taken into J. curcas cultivation. Preliminary lifecycle energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) balances are positive, but the GHG balance is expected to be much dependent on the type of land use which is converted to J. curcas. Removing natural forest will have a severe impact on the global warming potential of the jatropha biodiesel. The cultivation intensity and the distance to markets are expected to have a significant impact on the GHG balance as well. Similar reasoning applies for the impact on soil, water, vegetation structure and biodiversity, although the latter will always depend on local circumstances. Next to biodiesel production and wasteland reclamation, J. curcas also hosts socio-economic development potential. The multipurpose character of the plant and the labor-intensive production chain are thought to be the main drivers for rural development, but are uncertain. In order to achieve best results with respect to both environmental and socio-economic issues, decisions have to be based on local environmental, economical, cultural and social characteristics. © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., FLWIN, info:eu-repo/semantics/published, Special Issue: Sustainability

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). It was brought to the attention of the Editor-in-Chief that large sections of the abstract, methods and results and discussion of the paper are identical to a paper published in The National Medical Journal of India, Volume 14, Issue 6, November/December 2001, Pages 335-339. http://archive.nmji.in/archives/Volume-14/issue-6/original-articles-2.pdf We apologise to the readers of the journal that this plagiarism was not detected during the submission process. To verify originality, all articles submitted to the Journal of Infection are now checked by the originality detection service CrossCheck.

We describe a rare case of melanotic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma in a 32-year-old man who presented with partial complex seizures. Radiologically, the mass was located in the medial temporal lobe and was solid and cystic. Microscopic examination revealed features of a pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma with some heavily pigmented cells. The pigment was demonstrated to be melanosomal melanin, which was confirmed by special stains, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy.

"A theoretical model is developed for the prediction of the mean-mass diameter of droplets produced by the fragmentation of liquid fuel sheet and film in a fuel-air explosive (FAE) device after the detonation of the central burster charge. This model does not contain arbitrarily assumed values for the instabilities as in presently available models. Also, a distribution model for the initial distribution of the droplet diameter, which depends on the design parameters of the FAE device, is presented. "

Coprological examination was used to determine the prevalence and intensity of gastrointestinal parasites of stray dogs impounded by the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA), Durban and Coast, South Africa. Helminth and protozoan parasites were found in faeces of 240 dogs with an overall prevalence of 82.5% (helminth parasites 93.1% and protozoan parasites 6.9 %). The following parasites and their prevalences were detected; Ancylostoma sp. (53.8 %), Trichuris vulpis (7.9 %), Spirocerca lupi (5.4 %), Toxocara canis (7.9 %), Toxascaris leonina (0.4 %) Giardia intestinalis (5.6 %) and Isospora sp. (1.3 %). Dogs harbouring a single parasite species were more common (41.7 %) than those harbouring 2 (15 %) or multiple (2.1 %) species. Ancylostoma sp., Toxocara canis and Giardia intestinalis have zoonotic potential and were detected in 66.7 % of the samples.

This paper deals with the nonaxisymmetric dynamic behavior of fluid-filled buried orthotropic cylindrical shells/pipes subjected to a load moving along the axis of the shell. A thick shell model including the effects of shear deformation and rotary inertia is considered. A perfect bond between the shell and sur rounding soil is assumed. The linear acoustic equation is used for the wave propagation in the fluid inside the pipe. Results are presented for the axisymmetric as well as the flexural mode for different orthotropy para meters of the shell and for different soil conditions around the pipe. Results of empty and fluid-filled shells are compared. The presence of fluid inside the shell has small effect on the shell response. However, the deformations in the fluid-filled shell are normally more than those in the empty shell. The difference in the displacements of empty and fluid-filled shells is very small in flexural mode as compared to axisymmetric mode. The effect of fluid presence on the shell response is also influenced by the nature of the surrounding soil.

In this paper, an approximate closed-form solution for trajectories of ballistic projectiles is derived. The assumption made in this derivation is to neglect the variation of the elevation angle along the trajectory in a small interval of time. The closed-form solution has been used to develop the 3-logarithm for a lead angle computation as well as faster computation of trajectories. The fact that one of the analytical expressions although complex, is invertible and is made use of in the algorithm.

The damage analysis of two targets due to submunition-type missile warheads has been studied. The paper discusses (a) damage to a battlefield (comprising army personnel, tanks, armoured personnel carriers and soft-skinned vehicles) due to bomblet-type warhead and (b) the denial of an airfield comprising runway tracks inclined to each other due to blast-cum-earth shock (BCES) type of warheads. Simulation technique has been used in both the cases. In addition, a mathematical model has been discussed in the second case to compare the results of the simulation model. For comparison, A particular methodology for checking the denial criterion called conventional methodology has been used Later, a new methodology has been incorporated for checking the denial criterion in the simulation model. A mathematical formulation of the new methodology has also been given.

This paper deals with the springback analysis in sheet metal forming using modified Ludwik stress-strain relation. Using the deformation theory of plasticity, formulation of the problem and spring back ratio is derived using modified Ludwik stress strain relationship with Tresca and von Mises yielding criteraia. The results have been representing the effect of different value of or ratio, different values of Strain hardening index (), Poisson’s ratio (), and thickness on spring back ratio (). The main aim of this paper is to study the effects of the thickness, ratio, and Poisson’s ratio in spring back ratio.

Present investigation on studies of growth character and its accumulation in different parts of Tulsi under various concentration of some heavy metals (Lead and Cadmium), done at Department of Dravyagunna, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical science during the year of 2007.The graded levels of these two metals Cd (0, 20, 50, 100 and 200 ppm) and Pb (0, 50, 100, 250, and 500 ppm) applied after the germination of Tulsi. The plant exhibited a decline in growth, chlorophyll content and carotenoids with increasing levels of Pb and Cd., more accumulation of Pb and Cd was observed in roots than shoots in 0. tenuifolium L.

In a greenhouse experiment we applied three levels of drought stress and monitored growth variables and biomass production of Jatropha curcas seedlings propagated from three seed accessions. We determined biomass allocation, allometric relationships and plant traits. Well-watered J. curcas seedlings grew 0.81 ± 0.15 cm day -1 in length and produced 1.49 ± 0.31 g dry biomass day -1. Under medium stress (40% plant available water) the plants maintained a similar stem shape, although they grew at lower rate (stem length: 0.28 ± 0.11 cm day -1; dry biomass production: 0.64 ± 0.18 g day -1). Seedlings under extreme drought stress (no irrigation) stopped growing, started shedding leaves and showed shrinking stem diameter from the 12th day after the start of the drought treatment. The drought treatment did not influence the wood density (0.26 g cm -3). The root/shoot ratio of the wet treatment was 0.27, which is low compared to other tropical trees. Both the biomass allocation and root/shoot were significantly influenced by drought. Plants of the different accessions were uniform in biomass production and plant traits. The allometric relationship predicting total aboveground biomass (B) with the stem diameter (D) (B, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

An analytical model for electroluminescence in SrS:Ce AC thin-film electroluminescent display devices is presented. The model incorporates an exact calculation of the electric field and the effect of activator ionization and bulk traps. Activator ionization is needed to explain several features of luminescence behavior in SrS:Ce devices. These features include the second luminescence peak at the trailing edge of the voltage pulse and the time lag between the luminescence and the applied voltage when the applied voltage consists of bipolar trapezoidal pulses and rectangular pulses of low voltage amplitudes. As a mechanism for the ionization of activators, field-assisted tunneling is shown to be more likely than impact ionization by hot electrons. Physical processes are described in terms of rate equations, and field, current, and luminescence waveforms are calculated for one set of device parameters. The calculated and experimental luminescence waveforms agree. >

A mathematical model for assessing the damage to an aircraft due to blast from conventional ammunition has been developed. The minimum distance of the point of explosion from the aircraft for its permanent damage for a reference explosion has been obtained depending upon the dimensions (thin plate or thin cylindrical shell) of the structural elements.

In Abelmoschus esculentus L. uniconazole brought about a marked decrease in cadmium-induced loss of chlorophyll and Hill reaction activity, but it did not completely prevent cadmium toxicity.

A theoretical model to find pressure-space history around a cylindrical target of elliptical cross-section has been presented for assessing the damage by warheads exploding in the vicinity of an airborne vehicle. The energy hypothesis has been used to find the attenuation law from a point explosion. The Whitham-Bryson and Gross theory for shock interaction has been modified to take into account the finite strength of incident shock. The theoretical results have also been compared with Heilig's experimental results.

In this analysis, B.R.I.D.G.E. TO DATA served as a tool to categorize data fields used in SR databases and to identify additional fields to complement the CIOMS effort (e.g., data on cost, procedures, environmental exposures). We believe that important capabilities such as access to medical records, cost data and DB linkages can enhance ad hoc pharmacoeconomic studies, yet are currently infrequently used in SRS. With increasing interest in SRS, it is likely that the use of these data fields will also increase, and the methods for collecting SR data may be instructive for database design. LIMITATIONS