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1. Proceedings of Ohio's Invitational Conference: Narrowing Achievement Gaps (Oxford, OH, September 4-6, 2002).

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. School of Education., Kelly, Mary Kay, and Johnson, Iris DeLoach

Abstract

These proceedings provide easy access to presentations and discussions from Ohio's Invitational Conference held in Oxford, OH, September 4-6, 2002. In addition, the collection of summaries of addresses, papers, and discussions from each segment of the conference may provide others with background information and insights into topics addressed and discussed. (SOE)

Published
2003

2. Connecting the Dots: Progress toward the Integration of School Reform, School-Linked Services, Parent Involvement and Community Schools.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. School of Education., Lawson, Hal, and Briar-Lawson, Katharine

Abstract

This report describes the outcomes of research that investigated school reform, school-linked services, parent involvement, and community school programs in schools in 36 states. Results found that services were often added on to school sites without any intent to integrate them with school reform; teachers were not directly involved in services; co-locating service providers did not guarantee better quality of services; and technical assistance, capacity-building, and time for teachers were in short-supply. A model comprised of 10 strategies, "The Family-Supportive Community School," is presented to enhance learning experiences for all students, including students with disabilities. The strategies include: (1) parent empowerment and family support; (2) paraprofessional jobs and career ladders for parents; (3) school readiness, parent education, and family support; (4) caring classrooms that improve children's learning while enhancing teachers' and parents' efficacy; (5) improved classroom supports for teachers and children; (6) collaborative leadership; (7) educational communities; (8) neighborhood development and community organization; (9) simultaneous renewal of higher education; and (10) technology enhancement and use. Appendices include family support premises and principles of family-centered practice, and examples of knowledge needs and orientations of teachers, principals, service providers and parents in three kinds of schools. (Contains approximately 200 references.) (CR)

Published
1997

3. Handbook of Writing Portfolio Assessment: A Program for College Placement.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. Dept. of English. and Black, Laurel

Abstract

A product of 3 years' experience in administering the Miami University Portfolio Writing Program, this handbook is designed to assist college faculty in administering a portfolio writing assessment program for incoming students (based on a collection of their best high school writing). The handbook's five chapters are: (1) Introduction: Portfolio Assessment and the Evaluation of Writing; (2) Contents of Portfolios; (3) Implementing a Portfolio Placement Program; (4) Scoring Writing Portfolios; and (5) Portfolio Assessment and the Teaching of Writing. (Nineteen references and a 17-item bibliography are attached. Appendixes include the 1993 description of portfolio contents, the 1993 guidelines for portfolio submission, the 1993 portfolio information form, the 1992 invitation to students, the 1992 scoring guide for portfolios, an "excellent" student portfolio, and a "very good" student portfolio.) (RS)

Published
1992

4. The Best of Miami University's Portfolios 1992.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. Dept. of English., Bertsch, Debbie, Bertsch, Debbie, and Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. Dept. of English.

Abstract

This booklet presents seven complete portfolios (each consisting of four pieces of writing) and selections from seven other successful portfolios submitted by 1992 incoming freshmen to Miami University. The portfolios or selections in the booklet were considered to be truly outstanding among the 465 portfolios submitted in 1992. Authors of the portfolios or selections in the booklet received six credits in college composition and completely fulfilled their university writing requirements. The 1992 scoring guide for portfolios, the 1993 description of portfolio contents, the 1993 guidelines for portfolio submission, the 1993 portfolio information form, and a list of the 1992 supervising teachers are attached. (RS)

Published
1992

5. The Best of Miami University's Portfolios 1991.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH., Black, Laurel, Black, Laurel, and Miami Univ., Oxford, OH.

Abstract

This document presents the seven best 1991 portfolios, written by high school students entering Miami University (Ohio) seeking credit and advanced placement as part of the university's optional portfolio writing program. The program requires students to submit four pieces: (1) a reflective letter introducing the writer and the portfolio; (2) a story or description; (3) an explanatory essay; and (4) an analysis of a written text. Each portfolio is read independently by two faculty members of the Department of English specially trained in portfolio writing assessment. The readers follow a 3-point scoring guide developed specifically for the Miami University portfolio program. Appendices include a detailed description of each piece, together with submission guidelines; the 1991 Scoring Guide; and a list of the supervising faculty. (GLR)

Published
1991

6. Assessing Models of Liberal Education: An Empirical Comparison.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. and Schilling, Karl L.

Abstract

A study was done to examine the impact of two different models of liberal education on students at Miami University (Ohio). Students enrolled in two general/liberal education programs completed a wide-ranging battery of instruments to assess the impact which their educational experiences had on their intellectual and personal development. The class of 1989 was administered a battery of tests during their first, sophomore, and senior years. Tests included the American College Testing COMP; the Test of Thematic Analysis; Analysis of Argument; Measure of Epistemological Reflection; and the American College Testing Activity Inventory. For cross-sectional studies students in both programs completed seven assessments and a structured interview. These instruments were used to evaluate the performance of students enrolled in an interdisciplinary, core curriculum as compared to that of students taking a disciplinary, distribution general education program. Results suggested a number of differences between the two groups. On measures of liberal arts skills, cognitive development, student culture/campus ethos, and academic behavior the groups had some notable differences in their responses. Extensive appendixes contain an overview of the testing schedule, results of student culture testing, a summary of program survey results, information on a program award, two proposals, and sponsor assessment comments. (JB)

Published
1991

7. Journal on Excellence in College Teaching. 1991.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH., Cox, Milton D., and Richlin, Laurie

Abstract

This annual journal presents articles by college faculty about teaching in higher education based on their pedagogical research and their classroom experiences. Articles in the issue for 1991 have the following titles and authors: "The Scholarship of Pedagogy: A Message From the Editors" (Laurie Richlin and Milton D. Cox); "The Social Cognition Approach to Stereotypes and Its Application to Teaching" (Margaret W. Matlin); "The Assignment-Driven Course: A Task-Specific Approach to Teaching" (John F. McClymer and Paul R. Ziegler); "Teaching and Learning--After Class" (George D. Kuh); "Love in the Classroom" (Peter G. Beidler and Rosemarie Tong); "Use of Educational Games for Difficult Subject Material" (Helaine M. Alessio); "Common Instructional Problems in the Multicultural Classroom" (Carol A. Jenkins and Deborah L. Bainer); "'Whole Souled' TEaching and the State of American Education (John K. Roth); "Sign What You Say: An Interactive Approach to Language Learning" (Kathleen M. Hutchinson); "Promoting Minority Student Involvement at the University: Collegial Coaching Support" (V. Patricia Beyer and Joseph B. Cuseo); "Dramas of Persuasion: Utilizing Performance in the Classroom" (Sally Harrison-Pepper); "The Challenge of Diversity: Alienation in the Academy and Its Implications for Faculty" (Daryl G. Smith); "Fulfilling the Promise of the 'Seven Principles' Through Cooperative Learning: An Action Agenda for the University Classroom" (Barbara J. Millis); and "The Honor in Teaching" (Peter G. Beidler). References follow papers. (JB)

Published
1991

8. Journal on Excellence in College Teaching. 1990.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH., Cox, Milton D., and Richlin, Laurie

Abstract

This annual journal's premier issue features the work, thoughts, adventures, and musings of distinguished and respected teachers. An introduction reports that the journal was born of the desire by faculty to recognize college teaching as a profession and to bring to it its own language and traditions and to establish an academic culture for college teaching. The twelve papers are as follows: "Loving Teaching" (Peter G. Beidler); "Teaching to Improve Learning" (K. Patricia Cross); "Using Traditional Versus Naturalistic Approaches to Assess Learning Styles in College Teaching" (Tony Grasha); "Improving Learning by Combining Critical Thinking Skills with Psychological Type" (Dennis E. Campbell and Carl L. Davis); "Issues of Gender in Teaching and Learning" (Blythe McVicker Clinchy);"Student Involvement in Learning: Cooperative Learning and College Instruction" (Jim Cooper and Randall Mueck); "Critical Discourses: Collaborative Learning in Literary Studies" (Cyndia Susan Clegg); "Teaching With Cases" (Rita Silverman and William M. Welty); "Researching While Teaching: A Collaborative Action Research Model to Improve College Teaching" (Michael Schratz); "The Multiple-Paths Faculty Evaluation System" (Harvey Brightman and others); "From the Other Side: An American Teacher in China" (Peter G. Beidler); and "Dreams and Questions: Some Reflections on Teaching" (John K. Roth). References accompany papers. (JB)

Published
1990

9. The Best of Miami's Portfolios.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH., Daiker, Donald A., Daiker, Donald A., and Miami Univ., Oxford, OH.

Abstract

In 1990, Miami University of Ohio became the first institution of higher education in the nation to award entering students credit and advanced placement in college composition on the basis of a collection of their best high school writing samples. The student's writing portfolio package consists of four pieces: a reflective letter introducing the writer and the portfolio, a story or description, an explanatory essay, and an analysis of a written text. Each portfolio is read independently by two faculty members of the Department of English specially trained in portfolio writing assessment and scored using a six-point guide. Three to six credits can be awarded based upon the evaluations. Six portfolios are presented, all of them were rated "excellent" by both faculty raters and judged to be truly outstanding--the very best of the 277 portfolios submitted. Appendices include the 1990 scoring guide for portfolios, a description of portfolio contents, guidelines for portfolio submission, and a portfolio cover sheet. (TJH)

Published
1990

10. New Directions in Children's Literature; Report on the Proceedings of the Annual Conference on Children's Literature (5th, Miami University, April 24, 1976).

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. and Tway, Eileen

Abstract

This volume contains representative papers presented at the annual conference on children's literature at Miami University, 24 April 1976. The papers are: "New Directions for Children's Literature" by Sam Leaton Sebesta; "Storytelling: An Ancient Delight" by E. Ann Johnson; "Folklore" by Soledad Newman; "Using Bibliotherapy and Television in the Classroom" by Alfred Ciani; "The Critic and the Child" by Rebecca Lukens; "Anecdotes about American Authors" by Mabel E. Eldridge; and "Suggestions for Writing and Publishing Children's Books" by Nicholas P. Georgiady. (LL)

Published
1976

11. Student Values at Miami. Survey Report.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. Student Life Research Service. and Keller, Michael J.

Abstract

The attitudes and values of the present generation of Miami University undergraduates were studied, and the shifts that have taken place in the viewpoints of incoming freshmen at the institution during this decade are traced. Five types of values were examined: personal values and commitments, political and economic beliefs, social attitudes, religious beliefs, and perceptions of student power. Two sets of data were used: selected results from the 1977 and 1971 surveys of freshmen sponsored by the American Council of Education (ACE) and the findings of a separate, more detailed survey of the opinions of the overall Miami University student body. The ACE-sponsored research is an ongoing longitudinal analysis of freshmen conducted by Alexander Astin and colleagues at the University of California at Los Angeles. At Miami University, a separate instrument was developed containing indices and questions that correspond to the values categories. A description of the indices, and the methodology used to construct them, is appended. Respondents' demographic characteristics are also considered. (SW)

Published
1979

12. Student Opinions About Health Services at Miami. Survey Report.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. Student Life Research Service. and Keller, Michael J.

Abstract

A random sample of Miami University undergraduate and graduate students were surveyed to determine their opinions about health care at the university. Most of the questions dealt with the university's student health service and satisfaction with the quality of medical treatment at the facility, perception of the staff's performance and interest in patients, familiarity with the services offered, and interest in new programs and expanded operating hours. A solid majority of students expressed satisfaction with the overall quality of health care they received at the student health service, as well as with the facility's hours of operation. Most of the users felt that they had been regularly treated courteously and professionally by the doctors, nurses, and technicians at the student health service. The reception staff, however, received a lower rating. (Author/SW)

Published
1979

13. Factors Related to the Withdrawal of Students from Miami University. Survey Report.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. Student Life Research Service. and Keller, Michael J.

Abstract

A study, as part of a larger report on attrition and retention of students at Miami University, was undertaken to determine the reasons for withdrawing from the university prior to earning a degree. A questionnaire was mailed to the 1,026 students in the 1978 class who voluntarily left the institution and for whom correct addresses could be obtained. The most revealing question in the survey was probably an open-ended item that asked students to describe their major reason for leaving Miami. Responses were organized into one of eight categories: curriculum, personal circumstances, motivation, student life, academic ability, financial concerns, environmental problems, and instruction. "Successful dropouts" (those who left the college in good academic standing) tended to leave because they found another institution offering a curriculum of courses more suited to their needs, because of personal reasons only marginally related to Miami University, and because they felt out of place with other students or with Miami University's conservative environment and conduct regulations. "Unsuccessful dropouts" tended to withdraw because of poor academic performance, loss of interest in attending college, and personal circumstances. Miami University was found to be a satisfactory experience for most of the dropouts. (SW)

Published
1979

14. Student Satisfaction With Residence Hall Life at Miami. Survey Report.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. Student Life Research Service. and Keller, Michael J.

Abstract

A random sample of students living in university housing at Miami University were surveyed about their satisfaction or dissatisfaction with three broad features of hall life: hall relationships, policies and programs; facilities and services; and staff. A list of 42 factors that were thought to relate to overall satisfaction with housing were assigned to the above categories on the basis of content. The survey findings demonstrated that an overwhelming majority of residents were pleased with the general hall environment. There was little difference between the overall satisfaction level of freshman and upperclass residents, while women were slightly more pleased than men. In the area of hall relationships, policies and programs, students were most pleased with their roommates, their security (and that of their possessions), the sense of community and morale on their corridor, and the reasonableness of most hall rules. However, a sizeable number of students were unhappy with the university's visitation policy and conditions for sleep and study on their corridor. Residents were thoroughly satisfied with the performance of the hall advisory staff. In the section dealing with facilities and services, the items that earned the highest rating were related to janitorial and maintenance functions. Questionnaire items are appended. (Author/SW)

Published
1979

15. Perceptions of Sorority and Fraternity Rush. Survey Report. Student Life Research Service.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. Office of Program Development. and Keller, Michael J.

Abstract

Participants in sorority and fraternity rush at Miami were surveyed about their experiences with that process, the factors important to the decision to pledge or not to pledge a Greek-letter organization, and the effect rush had on a person's self-image. Another study question was whether there were any differences in personal background characteristics between students who pledged and those who did not. The study group were men and women who participated in rush and pledged a fraternity or sorority and those who participated in rush but did not pledge. Students who did not pledge either withdrew voluntarily or were not preferred by sororities or fraternities. Anonymous questionnaires were administered after the formal rush period. A greater percentage of students of both sexes who pledged agreed that rush was a worthwhile addition to their college experience, felt comfortable in "being themselves" during rush, and believed that the activities of rush period provided them with sufficient information for making a choice about pledging. The milieu of the fraternal system and the people in it were the dominant influences on the decision to pledge. Students who pledged reported that rush had a neutral to positive effect on their views of themselves, while non-pledges indicated that it had a neutral to negative impact. (Author/SW)

Published
1978

16. Institutional Characteristics Affecting Minority Admissions and Enrollment Levels at State Universities in Ohio, 1973-1976.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. School of Education. and Miller, Robert

Abstract

The factors affecting the admission and enrollment of minority students at the 12 state universities in Ohio were studied through campus visits, questionnaire administration, and correlation and multiple regression analysis of the findings. Summaries are presented on minority recruitment and retention efforts at each university for the following offices: admissions, financial aid, affirmative action, minority affairs, student affairs, academic affairs, social and cultural activities, black/ethnic studies, and black/ethnic cultural centers. Predictor variables that were isolated for analysis were: cost, federal financial aid, distance from a cultural center, strength of black studies programs and black cultural centers, and strength of minority and special service programs. Figures were obtained for full-time, main-campus, entering undergraduate freshmen for each fall session from 1973 to 1976. The statistical analysis suggests that the major factors affecting minority student enrollment are geographic location and the strength of the tutoring, counseling, and social, academic, and cultural programming services available to minority students. Two other factors deserving attention by administrators are the availability of financial aid and the need for more minority group members in faculty, staff, and administrative positions. (SW)

Published
1977

17. Community Information in Education. A Handbook of Standard Terminology and a Guide to Its Collection and Use. State Educational Records and Reports Series, Handbook VIII.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. and Harris, Yeuell Y.

Abstract

As an aid for administrators in state and local education agencies, community colleges, and noneducational service agencies, this handbook tells how to gather community information needed for educational planning and decision-making. Information sources, terminology, and definitions are included, as well as guidelines for the use of such data. The first two chapters present an introduction to community information. Six further chapters examine the classification of community data on population, land use, and social structure and discuss available published resources, information gathering from local sources, community survey methods, techniques of data use, and definitions of the data items used. Tables and charts provide examples of community information. In eleven appendices, the authors include a glossary of terms, sample community profile charts, an explanation of the Standard Industrial Classification system, hints on using federal census data, and a guide to the literature. (RW)

Published
1980

18. Factors Affecting the Poor Academic Achievement of First-Term Freshmen at Miami (University). Survey Report.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. Office of Program Development. and Keller, Michael J.

Abstract

Freshmen who received less than a 2.0 grade average during their first semester at college were asked to indicate on a written questionnaire the extent to which 68 factors were or were not a reason for their poor academic performance. Respondents were also encouraged to supply additional observations about their educational experiences that seemed significant to them in terms of their scholastic difficulties. The responses to the forced-choice items were factor-analyzed, and the report was organized according to a nine-category typology drawn from the analysis. The data are examined in terms of certain demographic characteristics of the survey participants. Freshmen placed the greatest responsibility for their low grades on their own lack of motivation, proper study habits, and attention to school work. Nonetheless, many students felt that institutional or environmental factors such as university and divisional requirements, faculty teaching and examination procedures, residence hall atmosphere, background in English, and the quality of academic advising also contributed to their problems. (Author/MSE)

Published
1978

19. Occupational Aspirations and Intended Field of Study in College.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. and Wagenaar, Theodore C.

Abstract

Changes that occurred between 1972 and 1980 in the intended field of study and occupational aspirations of high school seniors were investigated, along with how successfully seniors attained their aspirations. Background, personal, and school variables associated with selecting each occupation and field among the 1980 seniors were analyzed in-depth. Data were obtained from the National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972 (data on base-year and fourth followup available for 13,847 students at 1,318 schools) and the High School and Beyond Study (data on 28,240 seniors at 1,015 schools). Major findings include: decreased interest in education and teaching occurred between 1972 and 1980; increased interest in computer/engineering/architecture fields and managerial/proprietor occupations occurred; the percentage of females planning to enter higher status occupations increased substantially; successful pursuit of occupation was highest among those in the housewife, craftsman/operative, and clerical/sales categories and lowest among those in the teacher, technical, and professional categories; and successful pursuit of field of study was highest among those planning to study education and the humanities and arts, and lowest among those planning a preprofessional study field. Additional findings and policy implications are considered. (SW)

Published
1984

20. The High School Diploma as a Terminal Degree. Contractor Report.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. School of Education. and Wagenaar, Theodore C.

Abstract

A study examined terminal degree graduates--high school graduates who do not pursue any type of postsecondary education in the two years following graduation. They were compared with those who did pursue postsecondary education. The study used the base year (1980) and first followup (1982) of seniors in the High School and Beyond Study. Findings showed 34 percent of high school graduates are terminal degree graduates; over half had postsecondary education plans. Most shifted their educational plans, generally downward. They came from lower social class backgrounds than postsecondary education students, had lower aptitude, came from larger families, and were less likely to have siblings in college. They had lower self-concept scores, experienced less parental and teacher influence, and had parents much less likely to expect their child to attend college. They were less likely to be in the academic curriculum, had lower grade point averages, did less homework, were involved in fewer extracurricular activities, and were more delinquent. Two years after graduation they were more likely to be employed, worked more hours, and earned more. They were more likely to be married and have children and to be in clerical, crafts, operative, service, and labor/farmer occupations. (Twenty-two tables are appended.) (YLB)

Published
1986

21. Changes in Postsecondary Educational Choices: 1972 to 1980. Contractor Report.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. and Wagenaar, Theodore C.

Abstract

Information on college applications, acceptances, financial aid, and attendance is presented based on base-year and first follow-up data for the National Longitudinal Study and the High School and Beyond Study of the Federal Center for Education Statistics. The focus is on changes that occurred between 1972 and 1980 in the two senior cohorts. Many of the analyses include several control variables: race, sex, socioeconomic status, and ability level. Information is included on: changes in the percentages applying to any postsecondary institution as well as the changes in those applying to one, two, or three or more institutions; changes in the types of institution selected; changes in characteristics of institutions selected (quality, in-state versus out-of-state, cost, and size); percentages of students who applied for aid at their first, second, and third choice colleges; the percentages of students in both cohorts who received an aid offer; the percentages who received grants, loans, or work-study aid among those who received an aid offer; changes in attendance rates; attendance rates by number of applications; and changes in attendance at colleges offering aid. Information on the research methodology and statistical analyses is appended. Concluding the document are tables (comprising two-thirds of the document) that detail the content and methodology of the project. (SW)

Published
1987

22. Leaders for Literacy: Papers from the Conference (1st, Oxford, Ohio, June 20-23, 1988).

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. School of Education. and Berger, Allen

Abstract

The 10 papers collected in this book deal with reading and writing instruction, the relationship between teachers and researchers, the role of the school administration in promoting literacy, the dangers of inappropriate standards, using poetry to improve literacy, and textbook adoptions. Papers include: (1) "Knowing What to Do--And Doing It," (Margaret J. Early); (2) "From Practice to Research and Back Again," (Wayne Otto); (3) "A Principal's View," (Kay Walla); (4) "Getting Real--Forming Collaborative Alliances," (Jo Anne Vacca); (5) "Setting Realistic Standards," (Richard Vacca); (6) "The View from the Superintendent," (Mary Ann Corr); (7) "Poetry in the Reading Program: A Goal for Administrators," (Eileen Tway); (8) "Thinking about Adopting: Two Views," (Alan M. Frager and Maureen Vanterpool); (9) "Children's Language," (Andrew V. Johnston and Elizabeth B. Johnston); and (10) "Reading Terminology for the Up-to-Date Administrator," (Sarah L. Dowhower). (RS)

Published
1989

23. A Research Study in the Development of Effective Means of Altering the Attitudes of Elementary School Teachers Toward Vocational Education.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH.

Abstract

This pilot project explored the causes of negative teacher attitudes towards vocational education and developed means for helping teachers in the elementary grades to form less biased attitudes. Curricular and instructional plans were developed by 20 teachers for the purpose of furthering vocational understandings among their students. These teachers now realize that blue-collar jobs and other work held in low esteem are essential to our society, and they are better prepared to aid their pupils in making vocational choices. Pre- and post-testing, resource persons, field trips, and self-analysis were techniques employed in developing and evaluating teachers' attitudes towards vocations as a result of a 5-week summer workshop at Miami University, Oxford, Ohio. The positive response of the participants both to their workshop experiences and to the testing of self-developed materials in their classes demonstrated the effectiveness of the program . Line drawings illustrate the text, and numerous resource units are appended. (Author/AG)

Published
1972

24. ARTISTS' IDEAS ABOUT ART AND THEIR USE IN EDUCATION.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. and MICHAEL, JOHN A.

Abstract

SPECIFIC CONCEPTS OF PROFESSIONAL ARTISTS WERE SURVEYED FOR APPLICATION TO ART INSTRUCTION IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS. A REVIEW WAS MADE OF WRITINGS BY ARTISTS, CRITICS, AND HISTORIANS IN SEVERAL AREAS OF ART (ENAMELING, JEWELRY, PAINTING, POTTERY, PRINTMAKING, SCULPTURE, AND WEAVING). THE DATA GATHERED FROM THESE SOURCES OF ART EXPERIENCES WERE USED IN DEVELOPING A QUESTIONNAIRE. THIS QUESTIONNAIRE WAS SENT TO 350 ARTISTS, REPRESENTATIVE OF THE ART AREAS STUDIED. COMPLETED RESPONSES WERE RECEIVED FROM 56 PERCENT OF THE ORIGINAL SAMPLE. FOR THE MOST PART, ARTISTS OF ALL AREAS RESPONDED SIMILARLY TO THE ITEMS OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE. ALL ITEMS (50) WHICH RECEIVED A HIGH CONSENSUS (70 PERCENT AND ABOVE) WERE GROUPED TOGETHER TO FORM HYPOTHETICAL CONCEPTS FOR THE ART EDUCATOR. LOW CONSENSUS CONCEPTS (43 ITEMS) WERE NOTED IN A SECOND GROUPING. THE CONSENSUS REPRESENTED ALL OF THE RESPONDING ARTISTS EXCEPT WHEN SPECIAL AREAS OF ART WERE CONSIDERED. IT WAS RECOMMENDED THAT THE FORMULATED CONCEPTS BE EXPERIMENTALLY TESTED IN THE CLASSROOM. (RS)

Published
1966

25. A STUDY OF THE INSTRUCTIONAL GESTALT IN UNIVERSITY COURSES PRESENTED BY TELEVISION.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH., SIEGEL, LAURENCE, and SIEGEL, LILA C.

Abstract

THE USEFULNESS OF A MULTIVARIATE PARADIGM FOR RESEARCH IN HIGHER EDUCATION WAS EXPLORED IN THIS INVESTIGATION. THE INSTRUCTIONAL PROCESS WAS CONCEPTUALIZED AS FOUR CLUSTERS OF INTERACTING VARIABLES--LEARNER, ENVIRONMENTAL, INSTRUCTOR, AND COURSE VARIABLES. THESE VARIABLES ARE DESIGNATED AS THE "INSTRUCTIONAL GESTALT." FOR METHODOLOGICAL REASONS, THE RESEARCH WAS CONDUCTED IN FIVE TELEVISED COURSES. "CRITICAL SUBJECTS" POSSESSING THE DESIRED COMBINATIONS OF LEARNER CHARACTERISTICS WERE IDENTIFIED IN EACH COURSE AND ASSIGNED TO EXPERIMENTAL GROUPS COMPRISING A FULL SET OF CRITICAL SUBJECTS (ALL COMBINATIONS OF LEARNER VARIABLES). THESE SETS WERE RANDOMLY ASSIGNED TO RECEIVING ROOMS PRESENTING VARIOUS CONFIGURATIONS OF INSTRUCTOR AND ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES. THREE CRITERIA OF PERFORMANCE WERE USED--TWO WERE END-OF-COURSE ACQUISITION MEASURES AND A THIRD WAS A MEASURE OF "THOUGHT RELEVANCE." THE DESIGN IN EACH COURSE GENERATED AN ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE MATRIX FOR EACH OF THE CRITERIA. THE PARADIGM WAS DISCUSSED AS A USEFUL STRATEGY FOR RESEARCH IN THAT IT HELPS TO CLARIFY CERTAIN DYNAMICS OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS WHICH ARE ORDINARILY OBSCURED. ORGANIZING CONCEPTS WERE PRESENTED TO INTEGRATE THE RESULTS, AND STUDY IMPLICATIONS WERE MADE. (JC)

Published
1966

26. The Report of the Commission on Student Participation in University Life.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. and Knock, Gary H.

Abstract

The Commission on Student Participation in University Life at Miami University examined many dimensions of student life and university affairs with the objective of providing a framework within which a student may accept greater responsibility for the consequences of his own behavior and for planning his own future. In this statement, the Commission presents the basis for its investigation, offers a rationale for student participation in university life, and considers how such participation may be accomplished within the structure of Miami University. The discussion is presented with the Commission's recommendations under 10 major headings: university governance, academic activities, student advising, communications within the university, freshman orientation, commuting students, black students at Miami University, women students at Miami University, residential activities, and extracurricular activities. Emphasis is placed on student involvement in policy-making. Separate recommendations and six appendices containing papers dealing with other subjects related to student participation in university life accompany the report. (WM)

Published
1969

27. The Cleveland-Miami Inner-City Project.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. School of Education. and Morrison, Donald W.

Abstract

In 1968 a five-week cooperative project, which exposed 38 student teaching candidates to the inner-city, was designed and implemented by Miami University and the Cleveland public school system. Observation-participation activities were planned for each student in one of 13 schools, in which he observed a wide variety of school personnel, served as an aide to at least one teacher (responsibilities ranged from tutoring to teaching), and participated in the community (through visits to homes and community centers). The students voiced their impressions at a daily seminar and were also required to keep a written record of their reactions and indicate changes in themselves. Students indicated that the program increased or provoked an awareness of poverty conditions; parental concern, student motivation, and excellence; and the vastness and complexity of inner-city problems. Participants also acquired a more realistic view of teaching in the inner city, identified with Negroes, and grew in self-confidence and introspection. A followup study of participants is being planned, and research is being designed to include objective analysis. (LP)

Published
1968

28. Preparing the Academic Community for New Forms of Student Participation.

Author

American Coll. Personnel Association, Washington, DC., Miami Univ., Oxford, OH., and Knock, Gary H.

Abstract

Because student participation in the affairs of higher education has metamorphosed from a discussion level of expression to one of overt activity, the author expresses various ways in which student personnel workers may assist in preparing other segments of the academic community for the new forms of student participation. Current and historical manifestations of the phenomenon are briefly reiterated. The unique need today is for institutionalizing student participation. The students' right to participate in the total life of an instituion is considered basic to the educational experience. The student personnel division is viewed as the primary instrument in effecting this necessary reality. Five specific ways in which the student personnel worker can assist in preparing the academic community for new forms of student participation are given: (1) calling attention to old, well-institutionalized examples of student participation; (2) drawing attention to local, regional, and national examples of constructive student participation; (3) helping reinstate trust into the academic community; (4) disavowing responsibility for injurious forms of student participation; and (5) becoming involved in areas traditionally outside the scope of student personnel work. (TL)

Published
1970

29. Minority Group Involvement in University Life.

Author

American Coll. Personnel Association, Washington, DC., Miami Univ., Oxford, OH., and McDiffett, Kenneth E.

Abstract

Discrimination against the Black American Student on college campuses, and its current less blatant forms are discussed. The subtle pattern of discrimination is reflected in the curriculum, in the testing and grading systems, and in cultural events. The bulk of the paper suggests remedies and alleviations for the situation. New entrance requirements, special supportive programs for high risk minority students, and the prediction of relevancies pertinent to their future are considered basic. The focus is on opportunity and competence. Along this line, new recruitment programs and Black Studies programs are mentioned. Giving minority students a voice in planning and implementing these programs, as well as including their participation on the administrative councils of schools, is stressed. The paper concludes that colleges and universities must involve these students in the many facets of campus life. (TL)

Published
1970

30. Admission, Retention and Guidance of Teacher Candidates.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. School of Education.

Abstract

This document contained a proposed set of guidelines for admission and selective retention of students in programs of teacher preparation at Miami University, Oxford, Ohio. The presentation was divided into three parts: a) a rationale, b) description of the plan, and c) a set of questions and answers. The rationale recommended the establishment of criteria, standards, and procedures for admission and selective retention of first-year and transfer students to the teacher education program. The outline of admission and selective retention requirements called for a decision by the student regarding his continuation in the program. This decision was based on self-evaluation and evaluation by a designated faculty panel. The first decision came during the freshman year; the second came in the sophomore year; the third preceded the student teaching program. The student, therefore, had the opportunity to evaluate his needs and successes throughout the program. This evaluation technique was also applied to the transfer students and the selective retention program. The questions posed in the final section of the proposal dealt with the supply and demand of teachers and effects of this on teacher training. Suggestions for evaluation of the proposal were made. (BRB)

Published
1971

31. THE TEACHING OF INQUIRY SKILLS TO ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN. FINAL REPORT.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. and ALLENDER, JEROME S.

Abstract

A SERIES OF EXPERIMENTS HAVE BEEN CARRIED OUT OVER A PERIOD OF 3 YEARS TO FIND MEANS FOR DESCRIBING INQUIRY BEHAVIOR IN GRADE SCHOOL STUDENTS AND TO TEST THE EFFECT OF TEACHING METHODS AND ENVIRONMENT ON THIS BEHAVIOR. INQUIRY ACTIVITY WAS TESTED BY HAVING CHILDREN PLAY THE ROLE OF A SMALL CITY MAYOR USING SPECIALLY DEVELOPED MATERIALS. THREE SEPARATE STUDIES WERE CONDUCTED. IN THE FIRST, 51 FROM THE MATERIALS. ALL WERE ABLE TO SUSTAIN INDEPENDENT ACTIVITY, BUT WIDE DIFFERENCES IN THE LEVEL OF ACTIVITY WERE OBSERVED. IN THE SECOND STUDY, 177 ADDITIONAL STUDENTS IN THE THIRD THROUGH SEVENTH GRADES WERE GIVEN ONE UNIT OF WORK. COMBINING THEIR SCORES WITH THE FIRST UNIT SCORES OF THE PREVIOUS STUDY, IT WAS FOUND THAT THERE WAS A GENERAL TENDENCY FOR INQUIRY ACTIVITY TO INCREASE WITH GRADE LEVEL, BUT THERE WERE NO SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS ATTRIBUTABLE TO SEX, INTELLIGENCE, OR READING LEVEL. IN THE THIRD STUDY, TWO EXPERIMENTS WERE CONDUCTED TO SEE IF INQUIRY BEHAVIOR COULD BE TAUGHT. THREE MEANS OF TEACHING WERE TRIED WITH 20 FIFTH GRADE CHILDREN IN THE FIRST EXPERIMENT, BUT NO EFFECT ON INQUIRY ACTIVITY WAS NOTED. A SECOND EXPERIMENT, USING A SPECIAL TRAINING CENTER, WAS CONDUCTED WITH 54 FIFTH GRADE CHILDREN, WHO WERE DIVIDED INTO THE CENTER SHOWED INCREASING INQUIRY ACTIVITY, BUT NO DIFFERENCE WAS NOTED BETWEEN TEACHER-DIRECTION OR STUDENT-DIRECTION, LEADING TO THE CONCLUSION THAT THE SPECIAL ENVIRONMENT WAS THE CRITICAL FACTOR. (DR)

Published
1968

32. PRELIMINARY DEVELOPMENT OF A JUNIOR-HIGH COURSE IN THE LOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE. (TITLE SUPPLIED)

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. and RITTER, HOWARD L.

Abstract

AN INTRODUCTORY, SEVENTH-GRADE PHYSICAL SCIENCE COURSE WAS CONSTRUCTED IN AN ATTEMPT TO DEVELOP A LOGICAL AND COHERENT SEQUENCE OF THE MATERIAL, DEVELOP AN APPRECIATION FOR PRECISENESS OF LANGUAGE AND LOGICAL THINKING, SHOW THE ROLE OF MATHEMATICS IN PHYSICAL SCIENCE AS AN APPLICATION OF LOGIC TO PHYSICAL EXPERIENCE, REVEAL THE SCIENTIST'S SPIRT OF INQUIRY TO THE STUDENT, TEACH THE MEANING AND PHILOSOPHY OF MEASUREMENT, AND DISCLOSE THE NATURE OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE AS A SEARCH FOR FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS AMONG PHYSICAL OBSERVABLES. A TEXTBOOK AND A LABORATORY MANUAL WERE DEVELOPED WHICH COVER THE FIVE SUBSTANTIVE TOPICS OF (1) NATURE OF MEASUREMENT, (2) CONSTANTS, VARIABLES, AND EQUATIONS, (3) FUNCTIONS AND PROPORTIONALITY, (4) WEIGHT, VOLUME, AND DENSITY, AND (5) MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE. SUGGESTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH INCLUDED THE PREPARATION OF SIX ADDITIONAL UNITS OF SUBSTANTIVE MATERIAL, AND A TEST AND EVALUATION OF THE PRESENT MATERIALS. (GD)

Published
1964

33. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN INSTRUCTIONAL PROCEDURES. SECOND REPORT.

Author

Miami Univ., Oxford, OH. and MACOMBER, F.G

Abstract

THE EFFECTIVENESS AND FEASIBILITY OF USING CERTAIN TYPES OF LARGE GROUP INSTRUCTION AT THE COLLEGE LEVEL WERE STUDIED. COURSES WERE TAUGHT (1) BY TELEVISION, (2) BY LECTURE, (3) BY A PROBLEM OR CASE STUDY APPROACH, AND (4) BY GRADUATE STUDENT ASSISTANTS. EVALUATIONS INVOLVED COMPARISONS BETWEEN THESE EXPERIMENTAL METHODS AND CONVENTIONAL INSTRUCTION. FOR MATCHING PURPOSES, STUDENTS TOOK THE COOPERATIVE TEST OF ENGLISH ACHIEVEMENT, THE COOPERATIVE MATHEMATICS PLACEMENT TEST, AND THE AMERICAN COUNCIL ON EDUCATION EXAMINATION FOR COLLEGE FRESHMEN. IN GENERAL, NO GREAT DIFFERENCE WAS FOUND BETWEEN ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN EXPERIMENTAL AND CONTROL CLASSES. STUDENT ATTITUDES TOWARDS COURSES AND INSTRUCTORS WERE MEASURED ON A C-SCALE. THE INSTRUCTOR WAS A MAJOR DETERMINANT OF STUDENT REACTION. GENERALLY, STUDENTS PREFERRED CONVENTIONAL (SMALL) CLASSES. (MS)

Published
1957

34. A second generation human haplotype map of over 3.1 million SNPs

Author

Univ Michigan, Dept Biostat, Ctr Stat Genet, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA, Univ Oxford, Dept Stat, Oxford OX1 3TG, England, Scripps Res Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA, Perlegen Sci Inc, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Human Genome Sequencing Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA, Affymetrix Inc, Santa Clara, CA 95051 USA, Pacific Biosci, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA, Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA, Harvard Univ, Broad Inst, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA, Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Genom Inst, Beijing 100300, Peoples R China, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA, Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Simches Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02114 USA, Chinese Natl Human Genome Ctr, Beijing Econ Technol Dev Area, Beijing 100176, Peoples R China, Chinese Natl Human Genome Ctr, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China, Fudan Univ, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China, CAS, SIBS, Sch Life Sci, MPG Partner Inst Computat Biol, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China, Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Biochem, Croucher Lab Human Genet, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China, Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biochem, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China, Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Appl Genom Ctr, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China, Illumina, San Diego, CA 92121 USA, Complete Genom Inc, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA, Prognosys Biosci Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA, McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 1A4, Canada, Genome Quebec Innovat Ctr, Montreal, PQ H3A 1A4, Canada, Univ Montreal, Publ Law Res Ctr, Downtown Stn, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada, Ontario Inst Canc Res, MaRS Ctr, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada, Univ Calif San Francisco, Cardiovasc Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA, Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, St Louis, MO 63110 USA, Univ Hong Kong, Genome Res Ctr, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China, Univ Tokyo, Inst Med Sci, Minato Ku, Tokyo 1088639, Japan, RIKEN SNP Res Ctr, Tsurumi Ku, Kanagawa 2300045, Japan, Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England, Univ Cambridge, Dept Oncol, Cambridge CB1 8RN, England, Solexa Ltd, Saffron Walden CB10 1XL, Essex, England, Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA, Univ Leicester, Dept Genet, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England, Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, McKusick Nathans Inst Genet Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA, Int Epidemiol Inst, Rockville, MD 20850 USA, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA, Univ Chicago, Dept Stat, Chicago, IL 60637 USA, Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98109 USA, Univ Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford OX3 7BN, England, Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA, NHGRI, US NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA, Natl Lib Med, US NIH, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA, Univ Chicago, Dept Med, Med Genet Sect, Chicago, IL 60637 USA, Beijing Normal Univ, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China, Hlth Sci Univ Hokkaido, Ishikari, Hokkaido 0610293, Japan, Shinshu Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med Genet, Matsumoto, Nagano 3908621, Japan, UNESCO Bangkok, Bangkok 10110, Thailand, Univ Tsukuba, Eubios Eth Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058691, Japan, Howard Univ, Natl Human Genome Ctr, Washington, DC 20059 USA, Univ Ibadan, Coll Med, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Bioeth, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA, Univ Utah, Dept Human Genet, Eccles Inst Human Genet, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA, Chinese Acad Social Sci, Inst Philosophy, Ctr Appl Eth, Beijing 100067, Peoples R China, Genet Interest Grp, London N13 0P, England, Kyoto Univ, Inst Res Humanities, Kyoto 6068501, Japan, Grad Sch Biostudies, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, Japan, Nagasaki Univ, Grad Sch Biomed Sci, Dept Human Genet, Nagasaki 8528523, Japan, Univ Oklahoma, Dept Anthropol, Norman, OK 73019 USA, Vanderbilt Univ, Ctr Genet & Hlth Policy, Nashville, TN 37232 USA, Wellcome Trust Res Labs, London NW1 2BE, England, Washington Univ, Sch Med, Genome Sequencing Ctr, St Louis, MO 63108 USA, Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100864, Peoples R China, Genome Canada, Ottawa, ON K2P 1P1, Canada, McGill Univ, Off Technol Transfer, Montreal, PQ H3A 2A7, Canada, Genome Quebec, Montreal, PQ H3B 1S6, Canada, Minist Educ Culture Sports Sci & Technol, Chiyoda Ku, Tokyo 1008959, Japan, Minist Sci & Technol, Beijing 100862, Peoples R China, Human Genet Resource Adm China, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China, US NIH, Off Behav & Social Sci Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA, Novartis Pharmaceut Corp, Biomarker Dev, E Hanover, NJ 07936 USA, US NIH, Off Technol Transfer, Rockville, MD 20852 USA, Univ Maryland, Sch Law, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA, Mjdaly@chgr.mgh.harvard.edu; mcvean@stats.ox.ac.uk, Frazer, Kelly A., Ballinger, Dennis G., Cox, David R., Hinds, David A., Stuve, Laura L., Gibbs, Richard A., Belmont, John W., Boudreau, Andrew, Hardenbol, Paul, Leal, Suzanne M., Pasternak, Shiran, Tanaka, Toshihiro, Tsunoda, Tatsuhiko, Deloukas, Panos, Bird, Christine P., Delgado, Marcos, Dermitzakis, Emmanouil T., Gwilliam, Rhian, Hunt, Sarah, Morrison, Jonathan, Powell, Don, Wheeler, David A., Stranger, Barbara E., Whittaker, Pamela, Bentley, David R., Daly, Mark J., De Bakker, Paul I.W., Barrett, Jeff, Chretien, Yves R., Maller, Julian, McCarroll, Steve, Patterson, Nick, Willis, Thomas D., Pe'er, Itsik, Price, Alkes, Purcell, Shaun, Richter, Daniel J., Sabeti, Pardis, Saxena, Richa, Schaffner, Stephen F., Sham, Pak C., Varilly, Patrick, Altshuler, David, Yu, Fuli, Stein, Lincoln D., Krishnan, Lalitha, Smith, Albert Vernon, Tello-Ruiz, Marcela K., Thorisson, Gudmundur A., Chakravarti, Aravinda, Chen, Peter E., Cutler, David J., Kashuk, Carl S., Lin, Shin, Yang, Huanming, Abecasis, Gon??alo R., Guan, Weihua, Li, Yun, Munro, Heather M., Qin, Zhaohui Steve, Thomas, Daryl J., McVean, Gilean, Auton, Adam, Bottolo, Leonardo, Cardin, Niall, Zeng, Changqing, Eyheramendy, Susana, Freeman, Colin, Marchini, Jonathan, Myers, Simon, Spencer, Chris, Stephens, Matthew, Donnelly, Peter, Cardon, Lon R., Clarke, Geraldine, Evans, David M., Gao, Yang, Morris, Andrew P., Weir, Bruce S., Johnson, Todd A., Mullikin, James C., Sherry, Stephen T., Feolo, Michael, Skol, Andrew, Hu, Haoran, Hu, Weitao, Li, Chaohua, Lin, Wei, Liu, Siqi, Pan, Hao, Tang, Xiaoli, Wang, Jian, Wang, Wei, Yu, Jun, Zhang, Bo, Zhang, Qingrun, Zhao, Hongbin, Zhao, Hui, Zhou, Jun, Gabriel, Stacey B., Barry, Rachel, Blumenstiel, Brendan, Camargo, Amy, Defelice, Matthew, Faggart, Maura, Goyette, Mary, Gupta, Supriya, Moore, Jamie, Nguyen, Huy, Onofrio, Robert C., Parkin, Melissa, Roy, Jessica, Stahl, Erich, Winchester, Ellen, Ziaugra, Liuda, Shen, Yan, Yao, Zhijian, Huang, Wei, Chu, Xun, He, Yungang, Jin, Li, Liu, Yangfan, Shen, Yayun, Sun, Weiwei, Wang, Haifeng, Wang, Yi, Wang, Ying, Xiong, Xiaoyan, Xu, Liang, Waye, Mary M.Y., Tsui, Stephen K.W., Wong, J. Tze-Fei, Galver, Luana M., Fan, Jian-Bing, Gunderson, Kevin, Murray, Sarah S., Oliphant, Arnold R., Chee, Mark S., Montpetit, Alexandre, Chagnon, Fanny, Ferretti, Vincent, Leboeuf, Martin, Olivier, Jean-Franccois, Phillips, Michael S., Roumy, Stephanie, Sallee, Clementine, Verner, Andrei, Hudson, Thomas J., Kwok, Pui-Yan, Cai, Dongmei, Koboldt, Daniel C., Miller, Raymond D., Pawlikowska, Ludmila, Taillon-Miller, Patricia, Xiao, Ming, Tsui, Lap-Chee, Mak, William, Song, You Qiang, Tam, Paul K.H., Nakamura, Yusuke, Kawaguchi, Takahisa, Kitamoto, Takuya, Morizono, Takashi, Nagashima, Atsushi, Ohnishi, Yozo, Sekine, Akihiro, Univ Michigan, Dept Biostat, Ctr Stat Genet, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA, Univ Oxford, Dept Stat, Oxford OX1 3TG, England, Scripps Res Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA, Perlegen Sci Inc, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Human Genome Sequencing Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA, Affymetrix Inc, Santa Clara, CA 95051 USA, Pacific Biosci, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA, Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA, Harvard Univ, Broad Inst, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA, Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Genom Inst, Beijing 100300, Peoples R China, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA, Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Simches Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02114 USA, Chinese Natl Human Genome Ctr, Beijing Econ Technol Dev Area, Beijing 100176, Peoples R China, Chinese Natl Human Genome Ctr, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China, Fudan Univ, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China, CAS, SIBS, Sch Life Sci, MPG Partner Inst Computat Biol, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China, Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Biochem, Croucher Lab Human Genet, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China, Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biochem, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China, Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Appl Genom Ctr, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China, Illumina, San Diego, CA 92121 USA, Complete Genom Inc, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA, Prognosys Biosci Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA, McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 1A4, Canada, Genome Quebec Innovat Ctr, Montreal, PQ H3A 1A4, Canada, Univ Montreal, Publ Law Res Ctr, Downtown Stn, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada, Ontario Inst Canc Res, MaRS Ctr, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada, Univ Calif San Francisco, Cardiovasc Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA, Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, St Louis, MO 63110 USA, Univ Hong Kong, Genome Res Ctr, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China, Univ Tokyo, Inst Med Sci, Minato Ku, Tokyo 1088639, Japan, RIKEN SNP Res Ctr, Tsurumi Ku, Kanagawa 2300045, Japan, Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England, Univ Cambridge, Dept Oncol, Cambridge CB1 8RN, England, Solexa Ltd, Saffron Walden CB10 1XL, Essex, England, Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA, Univ Leicester, Dept Genet, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England, Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, McKusick Nathans Inst Genet Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA, Int Epidemiol Inst, Rockville, MD 20850 USA, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA, Univ Chicago, Dept Stat, Chicago, IL 60637 USA, Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98109 USA, Univ Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford OX3 7BN, England, Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA, NHGRI, US NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA, Natl Lib Med, US NIH, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA, Univ Chicago, Dept Med, Med Genet Sect, Chicago, IL 60637 USA, Beijing Normal Univ, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China, Hlth Sci Univ Hokkaido, Ishikari, Hokkaido 0610293, Japan, Shinshu Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med Genet, Matsumoto, Nagano 3908621, Japan, UNESCO Bangkok, Bangkok 10110, Thailand, Univ Tsukuba, Eubios Eth Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058691, Japan, Howard Univ, Natl Human Genome Ctr, Washington, DC 20059 USA, Univ Ibadan, Coll Med, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Bioeth, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA, Univ Utah, Dept Human Genet, Eccles Inst Human Genet, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA, Chinese Acad Social Sci, Inst Philosophy, Ctr Appl Eth, Beijing 100067, Peoples R China, Genet Interest Grp, London N13 0P, England, Kyoto Univ, Inst Res Humanities, Kyoto 6068501, Japan, Grad Sch Biostudies, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, Japan, Nagasaki Univ, Grad Sch Biomed Sci, Dept Human Genet, Nagasaki 8528523, Japan, Univ Oklahoma, Dept Anthropol, Norman, OK 73019 USA, Vanderbilt Univ, Ctr Genet & Hlth Policy, Nashville, TN 37232 USA, Wellcome Trust Res Labs, London NW1 2BE, England, Washington Univ, Sch Med, Genome Sequencing Ctr, St Louis, MO 63108 USA, Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100864, Peoples R China, Genome Canada, Ottawa, ON K2P 1P1, Canada, McGill Univ, Off Technol Transfer, Montreal, PQ H3A 2A7, Canada, Genome Quebec, Montreal, PQ H3B 1S6, Canada, Minist Educ Culture Sports Sci & Technol, Chiyoda Ku, Tokyo 1008959, Japan, Minist Sci & Technol, Beijing 100862, Peoples R China, Human Genet Resource Adm China, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China, US NIH, Off Behav & Social Sci Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA, Novartis Pharmaceut Corp, Biomarker Dev, E Hanover, NJ 07936 USA, US NIH, Off Technol Transfer, Rockville, MD 20852 USA, Univ Maryland, Sch Law, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA, Mjdaly@chgr.mgh.harvard.edu; mcvean@stats.ox.ac.uk, Frazer, Kelly A., Ballinger, Dennis G., Cox, David R., Hinds, David A., Stuve, Laura L., Gibbs, Richard A., Belmont, John W., Boudreau, Andrew, Hardenbol, Paul, Leal, Suzanne M., Pasternak, Shiran, Tanaka, Toshihiro, Tsunoda, Tatsuhiko, Deloukas, Panos, Bird, Christine P., Delgado, Marcos, Dermitzakis, Emmanouil T., Gwilliam, Rhian, Hunt, Sarah, Morrison, Jonathan, Powell, Don, Wheeler, David A., Stranger, Barbara E., Whittaker, Pamela, Bentley, David R., Daly, Mark J., De Bakker, Paul I.W., Barrett, Jeff, Chretien, Yves R., Maller, Julian, McCarroll, Steve, Patterson, Nick, Willis, Thomas D., Pe'er, Itsik, Price, Alkes, Purcell, Shaun, Richter, Daniel J., Sabeti, Pardis, Saxena, Richa, Schaffner, Stephen F., Sham, Pak C., Varilly, Patrick, Altshuler, David, Yu, Fuli, Stein, Lincoln D., Krishnan, Lalitha, Smith, Albert Vernon, Tello-Ruiz, Marcela K., Thorisson, Gudmundur A., Chakravarti, Aravinda, Chen, Peter E., Cutler, David J., Kashuk, Carl S., Lin, Shin, Yang, Huanming, Abecasis, Gon??alo R., Guan, Weihua, Li, Yun, Munro, Heather M., Qin, Zhaohui Steve, Thomas, Daryl J., McVean, Gilean, Auton, Adam, Bottolo, Leonardo, Cardin, Niall, Zeng, Changqing, Eyheramendy, Susana, Freeman, Colin, Marchini, Jonathan, Myers, Simon, Spencer, Chris, Stephens, Matthew, Donnelly, Peter, Cardon, Lon R., Clarke, Geraldine, Evans, David M., Gao, Yang, Morris, Andrew P., Weir, Bruce S., Johnson, Todd A., Mullikin, James C., Sherry, Stephen T., Feolo, Michael, Skol, Andrew, Hu, Haoran, Hu, Weitao, Li, Chaohua, Lin, Wei, Liu, Siqi, Pan, Hao, Tang, Xiaoli, Wang, Jian, Wang, Wei, Yu, Jun, Zhang, Bo, Zhang, Qingrun, Zhao, Hongbin, Zhao, Hui, Zhou, Jun, Gabriel, Stacey B., Barry, Rachel, Blumenstiel, Brendan, Camargo, Amy, Defelice, Matthew, Faggart, Maura, Goyette, Mary, Gupta, Supriya, Moore, Jamie, Nguyen, Huy, Onofrio, Robert C., Parkin, Melissa, Roy, Jessica, Stahl, Erich, Winchester, Ellen, Ziaugra, Liuda, Shen, Yan, Yao, Zhijian, Huang, Wei, Chu, Xun, He, Yungang, Jin, Li, Liu, Yangfan, Shen, Yayun, Sun, Weiwei, Wang, Haifeng, Wang, Yi, Wang, Ying, Xiong, Xiaoyan, Xu, Liang, Waye, Mary M.Y., Tsui, Stephen K.W., Wong, J. Tze-Fei, Galver, Luana M., Fan, Jian-Bing, Gunderson, Kevin, Murray, Sarah S., Oliphant, Arnold R., Chee, Mark S., Montpetit, Alexandre, Chagnon, Fanny, Ferretti, Vincent, Leboeuf, Martin, Olivier, Jean-Franccois, Phillips, Michael S., Roumy, Stephanie, Sallee, Clementine, Verner, Andrei, Hudson, Thomas J., Kwok, Pui-Yan, Cai, Dongmei, Koboldt, Daniel C., Miller, Raymond D., Pawlikowska, Ludmila, Taillon-Miller, Patricia, Xiao, Ming, Tsui, Lap-Chee, Mak, William, Song, You Qiang, Tam, Paul K.H., Nakamura, Yusuke, Kawaguchi, Takahisa, Kitamoto, Takuya, Morizono, Takashi, Nagashima, Atsushi, Ohnishi, Yozo, and Sekine, Akihiro

Abstract

We describe the Phase II HapMap, which characterizes over 3.1 million human single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyped in 270 individuals from four geographically diverse populations and includes 25-35% of common SNP variation in the populations surveyed. The map is estimated to capture untyped common variation with an average maximum r(2) of between 0.9 and 0.96 depending on population. We demonstrate that the current generation of commercial genome-wide genotyping products captures common Phase II SNPs with an average maximum r(2) of up to 0.8 in African and up to 0.95 in non-African populations, and that potential gains in power in association studies can be obtained through imputation. These data also reveal novel aspects of the structure of linkage disequilibrium. We show that 10-30% of pairs of individuals within a population share at least one region of extended genetic identity arising from recent ancestry and that up to 1% of all common variants are untaggable, primarily because they lie within recombination hotspots. We show that recombination rates vary systematically around genes and between genes of different function. Finally, we demonstrate increased differentiation at non-synonymous, compared to synonymous, SNPs, resulting from systematic differences in the strength or efficacy of natural selection between populations.

Published
2009

35. Acquisition of Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer and Differential Scanning Calorimeter for Enhancing Science and Engineering Education and DOD-relevant research at Miami University

Author

MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH, Almquist, Catherine, MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH, and Almquist, Catherine

Abstract

Miami University acquired a Thermal Gravimetric Analyzer (TGA500), a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC2000), and a refrigeration unit for cooling the DSC sample to -90 deg C, all from TA Instruments, Inc. for a sum of $81,136. In addition, Miami purchased supplies and consumables to maintain and support this new equipment for a total of $3078.93. Our total expenditures for the TGA and DSC at Miami were $84,214.93. This newly purchased equipment has supported multiple faculty in the Chemical, Paper, and Biomedical Engineering Department and in the Geology Department.

Published
2014

36. Gram-Negative Bacterial Wound Infections

Author

MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH, Actis, Luis A, Diamond, Betty, MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH, Actis, Luis A, and Diamond, Betty

Abstract

Biochemical and functional analyses of the A. baumannii AB5075 wild type parental strain and isogenic insertion derivatives showed that inactivation of genes coding for biosynthesis and transport of the high-affinity siderophore acinetobactin drastically affects the capacity of this strain to grow under iron-limiting laboratory conditions as well as to infect and kill G. mellonella larvae and BALB/c mice in experimental infection assays. These results validate AB5075 as a proper model strain to study virulence under in vitro and in vivo conditions and demonstrate the central role the acinetobactin-mediated iron acquisition system plays in its virulence. Equally relevant is the finding that all A. baumannii wound isolates tested were sensitive to Ga-PPIX independent of the composition of the media. These observations support our goal of using this non-ferric metalloporphyrin derivative as an anti-microbial agent in a wound infection model. Such an approach is feasible because Ga-PPIX does not display detectable cell and animal toxicity within the concentration range we plan to test based on data obtained with other pathogens. Although these observations are encouraging regarding the potential use of Ga-PPIX as an alternative to treat infections caused by MDR A. baumannii strains, the efficacy of this non-ferric metalloporphyrin derivative against other wound pathogens is not conclusive and requires some additional studies. Similar conclusions were obtained using gallium nitrate, the activity of which depends on the composition of the media. The successful implementation of a tissue culture model, which examines critical host-pathogen interactions, has the potential for providing novel and critical information on the pathobiology of bacteria that cause severe human infections., The original document contains color images.

Published
2014

37. Toward Active Control of Noise from Hot Supersonic Jets

Author

MISSISSIPPI UNIV OXFORD MS NATIONAL CENTER FOR PHYSICAL ACOUSTICS, Murray, Nathan E, Tinney, Charles E, Thurow, Brian S, Panickar, Praveen, MISSISSIPPI UNIV OXFORD MS NATIONAL CENTER FOR PHYSICAL ACOUSTICS, Murray, Nathan E, Tinney, Charles E, Thurow, Brian S, and Panickar, Praveen

Abstract

The research team completed remaining work on the base effort including post-processing of the Plenoptic PIV data and compilation of the non-linear propagation work. Following the peer review, the original work plan for the extension period was determined to be too broad in scope. Therefore, a new extension work plan with reduced scope was proposed.

Published
2013

38. Cross-Conjugated Nanoarchitectures

Author

MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH, Hartley, Christopher S, MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH, and Hartley, Christopher S

Abstract

This project was focused on shape-persistent macrocycles featuring cross-conjugated subunits, for long term applications in organic photovoltaics and single-molecule devices. The proposed compounds allow the study of charge-transfer within single molecules mediated by pairs of conjugated bridges, a two dimensional pi-system design that had been unexplored. A synthetic method was developed allowing several series of these compounds to be prepared. As expected, charge-transfer through cross-conjugated meta-phenylene bridges was found to be slow compared to linearly conjugated 2,5-thiophene-based reference compounds. Unexpectedly, however, the pairing of bridges was found to greatly reduce electronic coupling regardless of their specific nature. As modulation of the electronic coupling can be exploited in the creation of single-molecule devices (e.g., transistors), this macrocyclic design strategy may be of use in future applications. The design of columnar materials based on these motifs was also explored. While liquid crystal phases (the original target) were not observed, solution-phase columnar self-assembly of oblong macrocycles was studied and strategies for the determination of the stacking geometry using computational chemistry were developed., The original document contains color images.

Published
2013

39. Gram-Negative Bacterial Wound Infections

Author

MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH, Actis, Luis A, MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH, and Actis, Luis A

Abstract

Work done during the first year of the award resulted in the identification and characterization of a set of 29 A. baumannii strains isolated from wounded military personnel with regard to their capacity to grow under iron-limiting conditions, produce iron chelators siderophores and form biofilms on abiotic surfaces found in medical settings. This analysis indicates that all isolates form biofilms on abiotic surfaces and different strains produce and/or use different siderophores when cultured under iron chelation. However, all tested strains produce dihydroxybenzoic acid derivatives, the synthesis of which could be used as a therapeutic target. Accordingly, salicylic acid derivatives seem to inhibit bacterial growth under iron chelation. Equally encouraging is the observation that gallium-containing derivatives, particularly Gaprotoporphyrin IX, inhibit bacterial growth independently of the iron and nutrient content of the medium. These are encouraging observations that will be tested in animal models proposed in this project and promote future basic studies since the mechanisms by which Ga-PPIX inhibit A. baumannii growth are unknown. Work done during this first year together with preliminary data collected by collaborators also resulted in the selection of the AB5075 isolate as a model strain for more extensive studies. This clinical isolate proved to be virulent when tested using ex vivo and in vivo experimental infection models and amenable to genetic manipulations, including high throughput insertion mutagenesis and genetic complementation with shuttle cloning vectors under construction., The original document contains color images.

Published
2013

40. Realistic Simulation of Environments of Unlimited Size in Immersive Virtual Environments

Author

MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH, Bachmann, Eric, MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH, and Bachmann, Eric

Abstract

Immersive VEs (IVEs) have had difficulty simulating large-scale environments because they typically have a limited tracking area. This research study techniques has established that IVEs which incorporate a wearable rendering unit can simulate virtual worlds of unlimited size. The work has overcome the physical space constraints of wearable IVEs by developing and implementing Redirected Walking (RDW). RDW works by imperceptibly rotating the virtual scene around the user's viewpoint so that the user's real body is continually directed away from the boundaries of the tracking space. Experiments have been completed which examine the effects of RDW on user performance while involved in both constrained and unconstrained navigation tasks and which compare the performance of generalized Redirected Walking algorithms. Preliminary work has been completed on Fully Optimized RDW for Constrained Environments(FORCE). Results indicate that the FORCE algorithm performs better than generalized algorithms and can take advantage of all available space in concave tracking areas. Preliminary work has also show that RDW can be used enable multiple users to simultaneously share a tracking area.

Published
2013

41. Estimation of Human Foot Motion During Normal Walking Using Inertial and Magnetic Sensor Measurements

Author

MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH, Yun, Xiaoping, Calusdian, James, Bachmann, Eric R, McGhee, Robert B, MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH, Yun, Xiaoping, Calusdian, James, Bachmann, Eric R, and McGhee, Robert B

Abstract

A foot motion filtering algorithm is presented for estimating foot kinematics relative to an earth-fixed reference frame during normal walking motion. Algorithm input data are obtained from a foot-mounted inertial/magnetic measurement unit. The sensor unit contains a three-axis accelerometer, a three-axis angular rate sensor, and a three-axis magnetometer. The algorithm outputs are the foot kinematic parameters, which include foot orientation, position, velocity, acceleration, and gait phase. The foot motion filtering algorithm incorporates novel methods for orientation estimation, gait detection, and position estimation. Accurate foot orientation estimates are obtained during both static and dynamic motion using an adaptive-gain complementary filter. Reliable gait detection is accomplished using a simple finite state machine that transitions between states based on angular rate measurements. Accurate position estimates are obtained by integrating acceleration data, which has been corrected for drift using zero velocity updates. Algorithm performance is examined using both simulations and real-world experiments. The simulations include a simple but effective model of the human gait cycle. The simulation and experimental results indicate that a position estimation error of less than 1% of the total distance traveled is achievable using commonly available commercial sensor modules., Published in IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT, v61 n7 p2059- 2072, Jul 2012.

Published
2012

43. Precise GPS Signal Tracking in Interference and Multipath Environment Using a Multi-Channel Software Receiver

Author

MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH, Zhou, Q, Morton, Y, MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH, Zhou, Q, and Morton, Y

Abstract

The objective of the project is to develop techniques to allow precise tracking of GPS signals in the presence of multipath interference. Our work has focused specifically on a difficult class of multipath whose time delay relative to that of the direct line of sight signals (DLOS) is very short. This form of multipath is difficult to detect and mitigate using traditional correlator-based methods. Our approach overcomes the limitations of the existing methods by exploiting the spatial diversities between the DLOS and multipath sources. This approach requires the use of a receiver array and batch-based software receiver processing. The spatial diversity between the multipath and DLOS GPS signals makes it possible to estimate the angle of arrival (AOA) for each signal. Knowledge of the source AOAs makes it possible to reconstruct the pseudo-inverse for the array manifold and to recover DLOS and multipath signals. During the three year funding time period, we successfully developed and implemented algorithms for detection, estimation, and mitigation of the short delay time multipath signals. In this report, we will give an overview of the technique, the detection, estimation, and mitigation algorithms, and performance evaluations of the method., The original document contains color images.

Published
2010

44. High Precision GPS Measurements

Author

MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH, Morton, Y., van Graas, F., MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH, Morton, Y., and van Graas, F.

Abstract

The objective of this project is to develop high precision GPS receivers by utilizing modernized GPS signals at L1, L2, and L5 frequencies to mitigate GPS measurement errors. For each successfully acquired and tracked GPS signal, a GPS receiver generates two receiver-satellite range observables: the code phase and the carrier phase measurements. Precision GPS solutions are obtained by exploiting both observables at all available frequencies to eliminate, reduce, or estimate various error sources. These error sources include signal propagation errors through the ionosphere and troposphere, satellite orbit and clock errors, receiver clock error, receiver noise, multipath error, hardware bias, and integer cycle ambiguities associated with the carrier phase observables. The project proposed an array of innovative methods to assess and mitigate these errors. Since the start of the project in March 2007, we made significant progress in three major areas: (a) Higher order ionosphere error temporal and spatial variations studies; (b) satellite orbit and clock error characterization; (c) modeling of troposphere error under severe weather conditions. The report summarizes the progress made in these three areas., The original document contains color images.

Published
2010

45. Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome

Author

Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA, Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA, Whitehead Inst Biomed Res, Ctr Genome Res, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA, Sanger Ctr, Hinxton CB10 1RQ, Cambs, England, Washington Univ, Genome Sequencing Ctr, St Louis, MO 63108 USA, US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA, Baylor Coll Med, Human Genome Sequencing Ctr, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA, Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA, Yeshiva Univ Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Mol Genet, Bronx, NY 10461 USA, Univ Texas, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Houston, TX 77225 USA, RIKEN, Genom Sci Ctr, Tsurumi Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2300045, Japan, Genoscope, F-91057 Evry, France, CNRS, UMR 8030, F-91057 Evry, France, Genome Therapeut Corp, GTC Sequencing Ctr, Waltham, MA 02453 USA, Inst Mol Biotechnol, Dept Genome Anal, D-07745 Jena, Germany, Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet, Ctr Human Genome, Beijing Genom Inst, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China, So China Natl Human Genome Res Ctr, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China, No China Natl Human Genome Res Ctr, Beijing 100176, Peoples R China, Inst Syst Biol, Multimegabase Sequencing Ctr, Seattle, WA 98105 USA, Stanford Genome Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA, Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA, Stanford Univ, Stanford Human Genome Ctrr, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA, Univ Washington, Genome Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA, Keio Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biol Mol, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1608582, Japan, Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dallas, TX 75235 USA, Univ Oklahoma, Adv Ctr Genome Technol, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norman, OK 73019 USA, Max Planck Inst Mol Genet, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Lita Annenberg Hazen Genome Ctr, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA, GBF, German Res Ctr Biotechnol, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany, NIH, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Natl Lib Med, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA, Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA, Univ Hosp Cleveland, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA, EMBL, European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SD, England, Max Delbruck Ctr Mol Med, D-13125 Berlin, Germany, MIT, Dept Biol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA, Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, St Louis, MO 63110 USA, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA, Affymetrix Inc, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA, RIKEN, Yokoham Inst, Genom Sci Ctr, Genom Explorat Res Grp, Tsurumi Ku, Kanagawa 2300045, Japan, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Sci, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA, Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Dept Genet, Smurfit Inst, Dublin 2, Ireland, Compaq Comp Corp, Cambridge Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA, MIT, Genome Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Math, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA, Weizmann Inst Sci, Crown Human Genet Ctr, IL-71600 Rehovot, Israel, Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Mol Genet, IL-71600 Rehovot, Israel, Univ Oxford, Dept Human Anat & Genet, MRC, Funct Genet Unit, Oxford OX1 3QX, England, Inst Syst Biol, Seattle, WA 98105 USA, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA, US Dept Energy, Off Sci, Germantown, MD 20874 USA, Wellcome Trust, London NW1 2BE, England, Lander, E.S., Linton, L.M., Birren, B., Nusbaum, C., Zody, M.C., Baldwin, J., Devon, K., Dewar, K., Doyle, M., FitzHugh, W., Funke, R., Gage, D., Harris, K., Heaford, A., Howland, J., Kann, L., Lehoczky, J., LeVine, R., McEwan, P., McKernan, K., Meldrim, J., Mesirov, J.P., Miranda, C., Morris, W., Naylor, J., Raymond, C., Rosetti, M., Santos, R., Sheridan, A., Sougnez, C., Stange-Thomann, N., Stojanovic, N., Subramanian, A., Wyman, D., Rogers, J., Sulston, J., Ainscough, R., Beck, S., Bentley, D., Burton, J., Clee, C., Carter, N., Coulson, A., Deadman, R., Deloukas, P., Dunham, A., Dunham, I., Durbin, R., French, L., Grafham, D., Gregory, S., Hubbard, T., Humphray, S., Hunt, A., Jones, M., Lloyd, C., McMurray, A., Matthews, L., Mercer, S., Milne, S., Mullikin, J.C., Mungall, A., Plumb, R., Ross, M., Shownkeen, R., Sims, S., Waterston, R.H., Wilson, R.K., Hillier, L.W., McPherson, John D., Marra, M.A., Mardis, E.R., Fulton, L.A., Chinwalla, A.T., Pepin, K.H., Gish, W.R., Chissoe, S.L., Wendl, M.C., Delehaunty, K.D., Miner, T.L., Delehaunty, A., Kramer, J.B., Cook, L.L., Fulton, R.S., Johnson, D.L., Minx, P.J., Clifton, S.W., Hawkins, T., Branscomb, E., Predki, P., Richardson, P., Wenning, S., Slezak, T., Doggett, N., Cheng, J.F., Olsen, A., Lucas, S., Elkin, C., Uberbacher, E.C., Frazier, M., Gibbs, R.A., Muzny, D.M., Scherer, S.E., Bouck, J.B., Sodergren, E.J., Worley, K.C., Rives, C.M., Gorrell, J.H., Metzker, M.L., Naylor, S.L., Kucherlapati, R.S., Nelson, D.L., Weinstock, G.M., Sakaki, Y., Fujiyama, A., Hattori, M., Yada, T., Toyoda, A., Itoh, T., Kawagoe, C., Watanabe, H., Totoki, Y., Taylor, T., Weissenbach, J., Heilig, R., Saurin, W., Artiguenave, F., Brottier, P., Bruls, T., Pelletier, E., Robert, C., Wincker, P., Rosenthal, A., Platzer, M., Nyakatura, G., Taudien, S., Rump, A., Yang, H.M., Yu, J., Wang, J., Huang, G.Y., Gu, J., Hood, L., Rowen, L., Madan, A., Qin, S.Z., Davis, R.W., Federspiel, N.A., Abola, A.P., Proctor, M.J., Myers, R.M., Schmutz, J., Dickson, M., Grimwood, J., Cox, D.R., Olson, M.V., Kaul, R., Shimizu, N., Kawasaki, K., Minoshima, S., Evans, G.A., Athanasiou, M., Schultz, R., Roe, B.A., Chen, F., Pan, H.Q., Ramser, J., Lehrach, H., Reinhardt, R., McCombie, W.R., De la Bastide, M., Dedhia, N., Blocker, H., Hornischer, K., Nordsiek, G., Agarwala, R., Aravind, L., Bailey, J.A., Bateman, A., Batzoglou, S., Birney, E., Bork, P., Brown, D.G., Burge, C.B., Cerutti, L., Chen, H.C., Church, D., Clamp, M., Copley, R.R., Doerks, T., Eddy, S.R., Eichler, E.E., Furey, T.S., Galagan, J., Gilbert, Jgr, Harmon, C., Hayashizaki, Y., Haussler, D., Hermjakob, H., Hokamp, K., Jang, W.H., Johnson, L.S., Jones, T.A., Kasif, S., Kaspryzk, A., Kennedy, S., Kent, W.J., Kitts, P., Koonin, E.V., Korf, I., Kulp, D., Lancet, D., Lowe, T.M., McLysaght, A., Mikkelsen, T., Moran, J.V., Mulder, N., Pollara, V.J., Ponting, C.P., Schuler, G., Schultz, J.R., Slater, G., Smit, A.F.A., Stupka, E., Szustakowki, J., Thierry-Mieg, D., Thierry-Mieg, J., Wagner, L., Wallis, J., Wheeler, R., Williams, A., Wolf, Y.I., Wolfe, K.H., Yang, S.P., Yeh, R.F., Collins, F., Guyer, M.S., Peterson, J., Felsenfeld, A., Wetterstrand, K.A., Patrinos, A., Morgan, M.J., Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Human Genet, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA, Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA, Whitehead Inst Biomed Res, Ctr Genome Res, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA, Sanger Ctr, Hinxton CB10 1RQ, Cambs, England, Washington Univ, Genome Sequencing Ctr, St Louis, MO 63108 USA, US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA, Baylor Coll Med, Human Genome Sequencing Ctr, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA, Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA, Yeshiva Univ Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Mol Genet, Bronx, NY 10461 USA, Univ Texas, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Houston, TX 77225 USA, RIKEN, Genom Sci Ctr, Tsurumi Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2300045, Japan, Genoscope, F-91057 Evry, France, CNRS, UMR 8030, F-91057 Evry, France, Genome Therapeut Corp, GTC Sequencing Ctr, Waltham, MA 02453 USA, Inst Mol Biotechnol, Dept Genome Anal, D-07745 Jena, Germany, Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet, Ctr Human Genome, Beijing Genom Inst, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China, So China Natl Human Genome Res Ctr, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China, No China Natl Human Genome Res Ctr, Beijing 100176, Peoples R China, Inst Syst Biol, Multimegabase Sequencing Ctr, Seattle, WA 98105 USA, Stanford Genome Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA, Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA, Stanford Univ, Stanford Human Genome Ctrr, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA, Univ Washington, Genome Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA, Keio Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biol Mol, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1608582, Japan, Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dallas, TX 75235 USA, Univ Oklahoma, Adv Ctr Genome Technol, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norman, OK 73019 USA, Max Planck Inst Mol Genet, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Lita Annenberg Hazen Genome Ctr, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA, GBF, German Res Ctr Biotechnol, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany, NIH, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Natl Lib Med, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA, Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA, Univ Hosp Cleveland, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA, EMBL, European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SD, England, Max Delbruck Ctr Mol Med, D-13125 Berlin, Germany, MIT, Dept Biol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA, Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, St Louis, MO 63110 USA, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA, Affymetrix Inc, Berkeley, CA 94710 USA, RIKEN, Yokoham Inst, Genom Sci Ctr, Genom Explorat Res Grp, Tsurumi Ku, Kanagawa 2300045, Japan, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Comp Sci, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA, Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Dept Genet, Smurfit Inst, Dublin 2, Ireland, Compaq Comp Corp, Cambridge Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA, MIT, Genome Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Math, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA, Weizmann Inst Sci, Crown Human Genet Ctr, IL-71600 Rehovot, Israel, Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Mol Genet, IL-71600 Rehovot, Israel, Univ Oxford, Dept Human Anat & Genet, MRC, Funct Genet Unit, Oxford OX1 3QX, England, Inst Syst Biol, Seattle, WA 98105 USA, NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA, US Dept Energy, Off Sci, Germantown, MD 20874 USA, Wellcome Trust, London NW1 2BE, England, Lander, E.S., Linton, L.M., Birren, B., Nusbaum, C., Zody, M.C., Baldwin, J., Devon, K., Dewar, K., Doyle, M., FitzHugh, W., Funke, R., Gage, D., Harris, K., Heaford, A., Howland, J., Kann, L., Lehoczky, J., LeVine, R., McEwan, P., McKernan, K., Meldrim, J., Mesirov, J.P., Miranda, C., Morris, W., Naylor, J., Raymond, C., Rosetti, M., Santos, R., Sheridan, A., Sougnez, C., Stange-Thomann, N., Stojanovic, N., Subramanian, A., Wyman, D., Rogers, J., Sulston, J., Ainscough, R., Beck, S., Bentley, D., Burton, J., Clee, C., Carter, N., Coulson, A., Deadman, R., Deloukas, P., Dunham, A., Dunham, I., Durbin, R., French, L., Grafham, D., Gregory, S., Hubbard, T., Humphray, S., Hunt, A., Jones, M., Lloyd, C., McMurray, A., Matthews, L., Mercer, S., Milne, S., Mullikin, J.C., Mungall, A., Plumb, R., Ross, M., Shownkeen, R., Sims, S., Waterston, R.H., Wilson, R.K., Hillier, L.W., McPherson, John D., Marra, M.A., Mardis, E.R., Fulton, L.A., Chinwalla, A.T., Pepin, K.H., Gish, W.R., Chissoe, S.L., Wendl, M.C., Delehaunty, K.D., Miner, T.L., Delehaunty, A., Kramer, J.B., Cook, L.L., Fulton, R.S., Johnson, D.L., Minx, P.J., Clifton, S.W., Hawkins, T., Branscomb, E., Predki, P., Richardson, P., Wenning, S., Slezak, T., Doggett, N., Cheng, J.F., Olsen, A., Lucas, S., Elkin, C., Uberbacher, E.C., Frazier, M., Gibbs, R.A., Muzny, D.M., Scherer, S.E., Bouck, J.B., Sodergren, E.J., Worley, K.C., Rives, C.M., Gorrell, J.H., Metzker, M.L., Naylor, S.L., Kucherlapati, R.S., Nelson, D.L., Weinstock, G.M., Sakaki, Y., Fujiyama, A., Hattori, M., Yada, T., Toyoda, A., Itoh, T., Kawagoe, C., Watanabe, H., Totoki, Y., Taylor, T., Weissenbach, J., Heilig, R., Saurin, W., Artiguenave, F., Brottier, P., Bruls, T., Pelletier, E., Robert, C., Wincker, P., Rosenthal, A., Platzer, M., Nyakatura, G., Taudien, S., Rump, A., Yang, H.M., Yu, J., Wang, J., Huang, G.Y., Gu, J., Hood, L., Rowen, L., Madan, A., Qin, S.Z., Davis, R.W., Federspiel, N.A., Abola, A.P., Proctor, M.J., Myers, R.M., Schmutz, J., Dickson, M., Grimwood, J., Cox, D.R., Olson, M.V., Kaul, R., Shimizu, N., Kawasaki, K., Minoshima, S., Evans, G.A., Athanasiou, M., Schultz, R., Roe, B.A., Chen, F., Pan, H.Q., Ramser, J., Lehrach, H., Reinhardt, R., McCombie, W.R., De la Bastide, M., Dedhia, N., Blocker, H., Hornischer, K., Nordsiek, G., Agarwala, R., Aravind, L., Bailey, J.A., Bateman, A., Batzoglou, S., Birney, E., Bork, P., Brown, D.G., Burge, C.B., Cerutti, L., Chen, H.C., Church, D., Clamp, M., Copley, R.R., Doerks, T., Eddy, S.R., Eichler, E.E., Furey, T.S., Galagan, J., Gilbert, Jgr, Harmon, C., Hayashizaki, Y., Haussler, D., Hermjakob, H., Hokamp, K., Jang, W.H., Johnson, L.S., Jones, T.A., Kasif, S., Kaspryzk, A., Kennedy, S., Kent, W.J., Kitts, P., Koonin, E.V., Korf, I., Kulp, D., Lancet, D., Lowe, T.M., McLysaght, A., Mikkelsen, T., Moran, J.V., Mulder, N., Pollara, V.J., Ponting, C.P., Schuler, G., Schultz, J.R., Slater, G., Smit, A.F.A., Stupka, E., Szustakowki, J., Thierry-Mieg, D., Thierry-Mieg, J., Wagner, L., Wallis, J., Wheeler, R., Williams, A., Wolf, Y.I., Wolfe, K.H., Yang, S.P., Yeh, R.F., Collins, F., Guyer, M.S., Peterson, J., Felsenfeld, A., Wetterstrand, K.A., Patrinos, A., and Morgan, M.J.

Abstract

The human genome holds an extraordinary trove of information about human development, physiology, medicine and evolution. Here we report the results of an international collaboration to produce and make freely available a draft sequence of the human genome. We also present an initial analysis of the data, describing some of the insights that can be gleaned from the sequence.

Published
2009

46. Genotype, haplotype and copy-number variation in worldwide human populations

Author

Rosenberg, Noah A.] Univ Michigan, Ctr Computat Med & Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA, Rosenberg, Noah A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Human Genet, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA, Rosenberg, Noah A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Biostat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA, [Jakobsson, Mattias, Scheet, Paul, VanLiere, Jenna M., Szpiech, Zachary A., Degnan, James H., [Scheet, Paul, [Scholz, Sonja W., Gibbs, J. Raphael, Fung, Hon-Chung, Guerreiro, Rita, Bras, Jose M., Schymick, Jennifer C., Hernandez, Dena G., Traynor, Bryan J., Simon-Sanchez, Javier, Matarin, Mar, Britton, Angela, van de Leemput, Joyce, Rafferty, Ian, Singleton, Andrew B.] NIA, Neurogenet Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA, Hardy, John A.] UCL, Dept Mol Neurosci, London WC1N 3BG, England, Hardy, John A.] UCL, Reta Lila Weston Inst Neurol Studies, Inst Neurol, London WC1N 3BG, England, [Fung, Hon-Chung] Chang Gung Mem Hosp, Dept Neurol, Taipei 10591, Taiwan, [Fung, Hon-Chung] Chang Gung Univ, Coll Med, Taipei 10591, Taiwan, [Wang, Kai, Bucan, Maja] Univ Penn, Dept Genet, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Guerreiro, Rita, Bras, Jose M.] Univ Coimbra, Fac Med, Ctr Neurosci & Cell Biol, P-3004504 Coimbra, Portugal, [Schymick, Jennifer C.] Univ Oxford, John Radcliffe Hosp, Dept Clin Neurol, Oxford OX3 9DU, England, [Traynor, Bryan J.] Natl Inst Neurol Disorders & Stroke, Neurogenet Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA, [Simon-Sanchez, Javier] CSIC, Unidad Genet Mol, Dept Genom & Proteom, Inst Biomed Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain, [Cann, Howard M.] Ctr Etud Polymorphisme Humain, Fdn Jean Dausset, F-75010 Paris, France, [Singleton, Andrew B.] Univ Virginia, Ctr Publ Hlth Genom, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA, rnoah@umich.edu; singleta@mail.nih.gov, Jakobsson, Mattias, Scholz, Sonja W., Van Liere, Jenna M., Wang, Kai, Bucan, Maja, Cann, Howard M., Hardy, John A., Rosenberg, Noah A., Singleton, Andrew B., Rosenberg, Noah A.] Univ Michigan, Ctr Computat Med & Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA, Rosenberg, Noah A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Human Genet, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA, Rosenberg, Noah A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Biostat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA, [Jakobsson, Mattias, Scheet, Paul, VanLiere, Jenna M., Szpiech, Zachary A., Degnan, James H., [Scheet, Paul, [Scholz, Sonja W., Gibbs, J. Raphael, Fung, Hon-Chung, Guerreiro, Rita, Bras, Jose M., Schymick, Jennifer C., Hernandez, Dena G., Traynor, Bryan J., Simon-Sanchez, Javier, Matarin, Mar, Britton, Angela, van de Leemput, Joyce, Rafferty, Ian, Singleton, Andrew B.] NIA, Neurogenet Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA, Hardy, John A.] UCL, Dept Mol Neurosci, London WC1N 3BG, England, Hardy, John A.] UCL, Reta Lila Weston Inst Neurol Studies, Inst Neurol, London WC1N 3BG, England, [Fung, Hon-Chung] Chang Gung Mem Hosp, Dept Neurol, Taipei 10591, Taiwan, [Fung, Hon-Chung] Chang Gung Univ, Coll Med, Taipei 10591, Taiwan, [Wang, Kai, Bucan, Maja] Univ Penn, Dept Genet, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Guerreiro, Rita, Bras, Jose M.] Univ Coimbra, Fac Med, Ctr Neurosci & Cell Biol, P-3004504 Coimbra, Portugal, [Schymick, Jennifer C.] Univ Oxford, John Radcliffe Hosp, Dept Clin Neurol, Oxford OX3 9DU, England, [Traynor, Bryan J.] Natl Inst Neurol Disorders & Stroke, Neurogenet Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA, [Simon-Sanchez, Javier] CSIC, Unidad Genet Mol, Dept Genom & Proteom, Inst Biomed Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain, [Cann, Howard M.] Ctr Etud Polymorphisme Humain, Fdn Jean Dausset, F-75010 Paris, France, [Singleton, Andrew B.] Univ Virginia, Ctr Publ Hlth Genom, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA, rnoah@umich.edu; singleta@mail.nih.gov, Jakobsson, Mattias, Scholz, Sonja W., Van Liere, Jenna M., Wang, Kai, Bucan, Maja, Cann, Howard M., Hardy, John A., Rosenberg, Noah A., and Singleton, Andrew B.

Abstract

Genome-wide patterns of variation across individuals provide a powerful source of data for uncovering the history of migration, range expansion, and adaptation of the human species. However, high-resolution surveys of variation in genotype, haplotype and copy number have generally focused on a small number of population groups(1-3). Here we report the analysis of high-quality genotypes at 525,910 single-nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNPs) and 396 copy-number-variable loci in a worldwide sample of 29 populations. Analysis of SNP genotypes yields strongly supported fine-scale inferences about population structure. Increasing linkage disequilibrium is observed with increasing geographic distance from Africa, as expected under a serial founder effect for the out-of-Africa spread of human populations. New approaches for haplotype analysis produce inferences about population structure that complement results based on unphased SNPs. Despite a difference from SNPs in the frequency spectrum of the copy-number variants (CNVs) detected-including a comparatively large number of CNVs in previously unexamined populations from Oceania and the Americas-the global distribution of CNVs largely accords with population structure analyses for SNP data sets of similar size. Our results produce new inferences about inter-population variation, support the utility of CNVs in human population-genetic research, and serve as a genomic resource for human-genetic studies in diverse worldwide populations.

Published
2009

47. Development of Morphing Structures for Aircraft Using Shape Memory Polymers

Author

MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH DEPT OF MECHANICAL AND MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING, Khan, Fazeel J., MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH DEPT OF MECHANICAL AND MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING, and Khan, Fazeel J.

Abstract

A research grade Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer (DMA) was acquired in 2007 through a successful Department of Defense grant under the DURIP program. This equipment has played a key role in the evaluation of candidate polymeric materials for developing reconfigurable, or morphing), aerospace structures. In particular, shape memory polymers (SMP) in filled and unfilled form have been investigated with particular emphasis on the recovery time and force as the materials undergo transformation. Response time and recovery force are performance characteristics essential to the design of SMP based actuators and reconfigurable structures, and new testing protocols have been developed to quantity these merits of performance. While favorable response times have been observed, the low recovery force measured in experiments, and the bulky size of the triggering mechanism have presented themselves as challenges in the development of efficient and lightweight structures. However, the provision of the equipment is enabling more research into the modification of the polymer's properties to overcome these shortcomings. Ongoing approaches include alternation of the SMP's chemistry and the use of different fillers such as carbon black, aniline, and micron sized iron and copper particles., The original document contains color images.

Published
2008

48. Microbial Effects in Promoting the Smectite to Illite Reaction: Role of Organic Matter Intercalated in the Interlayer

Author

MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH, Zhang, Gengxin, Kim, Jinwook, Dong, Hailiang, Sommer, Andre J., MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH, Zhang, Gengxin, Kim, Jinwook, Dong, Hailiang, and Sommer, Andre J.

Abstract

Cysteine and toluene as model organic molecules were intercalated into Fe-rich smectite (nontronile, NAu-2). The illitization of these intercalated smectites as induced by microbial reduction of structural Fe(3+) was investigated. Iron-reducing bacterium Shewanella putrefaciens CN32 was incubated with lactate as the sole electron donor and structural Fe(3+) in cysteine- and toluene-intercalated NAu-2 (referred to as cysteine-NAu-2 and toluene-NAu-2 hereafter) as the sole electron acceptor. Anthraquinone- 2, 6-disulfonate (AQDS) was used as an electron shuttle in bicarbonate buffer. The extent of Fe(3+) reduction in cysteine-NAu-2 and toluene-NAu-2 was 15.7 and 5.4%, respectively, compared to 20.5% in NAu-2 without organic matter intercalation. In the bioreduced NAu-2, X-ray diffraction, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy did not detect any discrete illite, although illite/ smectite mixed layer or high charge smectite phases were observed. In bioreduced cysteine-NAu-2, discrete illite and siderite formed. In contrast, bioreduction of toluene-NAu-2 did not result in any mineralogical changes. The contrasting bioreduction results between cysteine- and toluene-intercalated nontronite may be ascribed to the nature of organic matter-bacteria interactions. Whereas cysteine is an essential amino acid for bacteria and can also serve as an electron shuttle, thus enhancing the extent of Fe(3+) bioreduction and illitization, toluene is toxic and inhibits Fe(3+) reducing activity. This study, therefore, highlights the significant role of organic matter in promoting the smectite to illite reaction under conditions typical of natural environments (i.e., non-growth condition for bacteria)., Published in American Mineralogist, v92 p1401-1410, 2007. Prepared in collaboration with Naval Research Lab (NRL), Stennis Space Center, MS.

Published
2007

49. Integrated Reconfigurable Aperture, Digital Beam Forming, and Software GPS Receiver for UAV Navigation

Author

MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH, Morton, Y. T., MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH, and Morton, Y. T.

Abstract

This report describes progress to date on establishing an integrated aperture, digital beam forming, and software receiver for UAV navigation in interference and jamming environment. Current progress has been made in the following areas: (1) implemented both carrier and code phase tracking loop for performance evaluation of a minimum power beam forming algorithm and null steering algorithm (2) Developed a criterion for interference bandwidth classification (3) implemented a multipath mitigation technique using joint space and polarization diversity.

Published
2007

50. Inertial Motion Tracking for Inserting Humans into a Networked Synthetic Environment

Author

MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH, Bachmann, Eric R., Yun, Xiaoping, Brumfield, Anne, MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH, Bachmann, Eric R., Yun, Xiaoping, and Brumfield, Anne

Abstract

Inertial/Magnetic tracking is based on the use of sensors containing three orthogonally mounted angular rate sensors, three orthogonal linear accelerometers and three orthogonal magnetometers to determine independently the orientation of each link of an articulated rigid body. Inertial/magnetic orientation tracking could be applied to a broad range of problems which require real-time tracking of an articulated structure without being continuously dependent upon an artificially generated source. This research focuses on the goal of developing and demonstrating wireless full body tracking using MARG sensor modules. During the period of this report, six manuscripts were submitted for peer-reviewed publication. Of these six, five have been accepted. These include three journal publications and two conference papers. In additions, scientific advances have been made in the following areas: * Study of the Magnetic Effects on Inertial/Magnetic Sensor Modules * Development of a singularity free Factored Quaternion Algorithm * Development of an advanced Kalman Filter for Inertial/Magnetic Body Tracking *Initial development in using inertial/magnetic sensors for position tracking., The original document contains color images.

Published
2007

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