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Cet article analyse le r��le de l���engagement des managers pour l���adoption de certifications environnementales et durables dans la fili��re vitivinicole. Une analyse th��orique, bas��e sur une revue de la litt��rature et une approche par les parties prenantes, fournit le cadre conceptuel permettant d���estimer la probabilit�� d���adopter de telles certifications. Les r��gressions logistiques montrent que la d��cision est motiv��e en premier lieu par les convictions et l���engagement des managers., This paper explores the role of the manager in the sustainable development (SD) certification decision in wine firms. A theoretical analysis, based on a literature review and a stakeholder approach, provides a conceptual framework for estimating the probability of adopting a SD certification. The logistical regressions show that SD certification adoption first relies on the managers��� convictions and their personal involvement in SD.

Ce papier s’inscrit comme une contribution au séminaire de lancement du Réseau Mixte Technologique Evaluation de la duRabilité des sYstèmes et Territoire AGricolEs (Erytage) lancé en France en juillet 2015. Il questionne les deux concepts que sont l’agriculture durable et l’exploitation agricole durable, à partir d’une large analyse de la littérature internationale, pour au final en discuter les définitions. Nous montrons l’incomplétude des définitions actuelles telles que recensées dans la littérature internationale et proposons deux nouvelles définitions pour qualifier ces deux concepts. La première partie revient sur les différentes conceptions du développement durable pour analyser les différentes postures proposées dans les définitions de l’agriculture durable. La seconde partie présente un état de l’art de la littérature de ce concept à partir d’une double analyse (chronologique et type d’interprétation). La troisième partie propose une nouvelle définition du concept d’agriculture durable basée à la fois sur ses principes et valeurs mais aussi sur les objectifs sociétaux associées. La dernière partie s’appuie sur les résultats d’une recherche sur le concept d’exploitation agricole durable pour proposer une définition élargie de l’exploitation agricole durable basée à la fois sur les principes et valeurs, sur les objectifs sociétaux et sur les propriétés associées à un tel système., This paper is a contribution to the launching seminar of the Technology Network Evaluation of the sustainability of agricultural systems and Territory (Erytage) held in France in July 2015. It discusses the concepts of sustainable agriculture and farm sustainability, from a broad analysis of the international literature down to the discussion of their definitions. We showed the incompleteness of the definitions based on the international literature and we propose two new definitions to characterize these two concepts. The first part takes a look at the different conceptions of sustainable development in order to study the different positions proposed so far in the definitions of sustainable agriculture. The second part shows a state of the art of the literature on this concept from a double analysis (a chronology and an interpretative typology). The third part suggests a new definition of sustainable agriculture drawn on both its principles and values but also on associated social objectives. The last part draws from the results of a research on the concept of sustainability farm to suggest a broadened definition of a sustainability farm based upon principles and values, social objectives and the properties associated to such sustainable system.

Cross and Buccola (2004) established that if the lenders of cooperatives are not in position to assess the “right” price to be paid for the raw-material delivered by cooperative members, these latter may push for a cash transfer which may deteriorate the financial position of the cooperative. This form of liquidation can be an exit way for cooperatives which, at the turning point of maturity, do not seek strategic alliances to increase their market power, or do not shift to a new model, according to the lifecycle approach of Cook (1995). In this research, we test this hypothesis for cooperatives of the Bordeaux wine industry. We run two regression which aim at characterizing the relationship between leverage and cash transfer to cooperative members according to the downstream strategy of cooperatives. Our results confirm our main hypothesis. The cooperatives which stay in the traditional form are prone to liquidation: the cash transfer to producers implies a higher leverage which implies a financial distress. The financial behavior of cooperatives forming union and of those which have opted for vertical integration is radically different.

While the literature focuses on regulation in the environmental dynamics of firms, we propose to deepen the analysis of environmental innovations incentives. Thus, our study aims at specifying why companies adopt such innovations and how these " good " practices evolve. Original data on the adoption of environmental innovations and from interviews conducted with companies located in the Poitou-Charentes region, qualify the role of regulation and underline the priority of curative practices. Finally, a multidimensional exploratory analysis stresses the existence of environmental dynamics differentiated according to the companies and innovations features., Alors que la littérature met l'accent sur le rôle de la réglementation dans la dynamique environnementale des firmes, nous proposons une analyse approfondie des différents moteurs des innovations environnementales. Il s'agit donc d'étudier pourquoi les entreprises adoptent ces innovations mais également comment évoluent ces "bonnes" pratiques. Des données originales, relatives à l'adoption d'innovations environnementales et issues d'entretiens auprès d'établissements du Poitou-Charentes, nuancent d'une part le rôle de la réglementation et révèlent d'autre part le caractère prioritaire des démarches curatives. Une analyse exploratoire multidimensionnelle souligne enfin l'existence de dynamiques environnementales différenciées selon les caractéristiques des établissements et des innovations.

International audience; Concerned by the impacts of agriculture on the environment, an increasing number of farms move to organic agriculture. This change in their evolution is more or less easy to manage, depending on their biophysical and economic context but also on their specific dynamics. In fact, some observers are worried about the survival of farms which convert without being sufficiently prepared, especially as the knowledge and tools needed to monitor such a change are not all operational. Numerous studies have been made on the multiple dimensions of the process of change occurring during the conversion, but few analyzed it with an integrated approach. Based on the adapted ESR framework (Hill and MacRae, 1995), we present in this article the preliminary results of a multi-scale integrated analysis of the changes occurring during the conversion to organic farming and highlight the diversity of these changes.

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In order to investigate economic means to favour environment-friendly pest management in the vineyards, we have set up a bioeconomic model. Our purpose is to explore theoretically, within an interdisciplinary approach, different routes to reduce fungicide use through a simulation model of vine growth and disease development. Different decision and scheduling methods for sprayings can be specified. Model outputs are harvest quality and quantity and economic output. Costs and incomes are analysed on a differential basis, so that precise modelling of all aspects of vine growing is not necessary.

This article shows how new theoretical work on assessing sustainability of farms, carried out as part of a multidisciplinary approach, allowed a new theoretical framework to be develop, along with version 4 of the IDEA Method (Indicateurs de Durabilité d’une Exploitation Agricole). The first section divides existing studies taken from the literature into two types of indicator-based conceptual frameworks: those based on sustainable agriculture goals, and those based on a systemic approach focusing on the properties of sustainability as applied to agriculture. The second part of this article explains the overall process of assessing farm sustainability based on the conceptual framework developed for IDEA v.4. The theoretical framework relates to strong sustainability and agricultural multifunctionality (with 12 associated goals). It includes a systemic analysis of sustainability based on five properties characterizing a sustainable farm: The ability to produce and reproduce goods and services; Autonomy; Robustness, Territorial embeddedness and Global responsibility. This theoretical framework led to the proposal of 53 indicators structured / organized according to a double evaluative approach (and also two assesment grids). The first examines the extent to which sustainability has been achieved (in agro-ecological, socio-territorial and economic terms) by aggregating indicators based on 13 components and a scoring system using sustainability "units". The second approach assesses the level of sustainability based on the five properties mentioned above. Indicators are aggregated hierarchically. We discuss how the concept of properties has real educational value and can help to bring a new perspective to the field of sustainable farming.