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Machine Learning (ML) is a well-known term in the technological field. However, using ML models in financial institutions is a matter of concern. In fact, the 4.0 Industry has encouraged them to expand their digital system to bring the best experience for their clients. This journal will discuss the definition and applications of ML, the actual situation of the Vietnam Finetech Market. Thereby, we will make predictions about the future of financial institutions, which determines them to use ML in their activities.

Many countries use a fee-for-service model for hepatitis B vaccination, which amplifies health disparities across socioeconomic statuses and contributes to inequalities in HBV vaccination rates. We examined the role of household income on women’s willingness to pay and the amount they are willing to pay for HBV vaccination to identify a more optimized payment scheme and equitable access across all income groups., Key Findings Most women were willing to pay for the hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine and there was no difference in willingness to pay for HBV vaccination between income quintiles.The amount willing to pay for the vaccine was different between income levels for prices higher than US$4.50. Key Implications Because women from the lowest income quintile had the lowest awareness of the HBV vaccine, efforts on education and awareness of HBV and the vaccine should focus on low-income women.Given the high vertical transmission rates of HBV infection, policy makers should prioritize vaccinating women of reproductive age as well as newborns.In light of the finding that higher-income women were willing to pay more for the vaccine, adopting a sliding-scale payment system may mitigate challenges with funding and provide opportunities for equitable vaccine access., Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is endemic in Vietnam and can be transmitted from mother to child. Vaccination of women of reproductive age (WRA) can reduce this transmission. Because adult HBV vaccination in Vietnam follows a fee-for-service model, research is needed to determine the effect of household income on willingness to pay (WTP) to ensure equitable access to the vaccine. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in Hanoi, Vietnam, in April 2018, among WRA. Questionnaires were administered to assess household income, HBV history, vaccination status, vaccine awareness, and WTP for the vaccine. Multivariable logistic and interval regression were performed to assess the impact of household income on WTP for HBV vaccine. Results: This study found that 62.3% of all participants were willing to pay for the HBV vaccine with no differences in WTP across income quintiles. There were significant differences among household income levels in awareness of HBV vaccination and WTP amount beyond US$4.50 with the lowest awareness and WTP amount among women from the lowest income quintiles. Conclusions: Our data suggest the need to subsidize HBV vaccination for low-income women to ensure more equitable access to HBV vaccination. We propose that a sliding-scale payment method may be an effective strategy in light of limited funding to support vaccination expansion. An education campaign focusing on lower-income households should also be implemented in conjunction with this program. Further research would be required to evaluate consumer acceptance of this payment scheme and to develop an appropriate sliding scale to maximize vaccine uptake.

This study aimed to evaluate the psychological effects of the partial lockdown on the people in Vietnam during the COVID-19 pandemic. An online questionnaire regarding attitudes toward COVID-19 along with psychological parameters, including the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) was conducted. From a total of 1,382 questionnaires, the respondents reported low prevalence of depression (4.9%), anxiety (7.0%), and stress (3.4%). The mean DASS-21 scores recorded were also markedly lower compared to similar studies conducted in China, Italy, and Iran. Respondents who reported severe PTSD had significantly higher depression, anxiety, and stress levels. Factors that were associated with an increased level of depression, stress, and anxiety were being single, separated, or widowed, a higher education level, a larger family size, loss of jobs and being in contact with potential COVID-19 patients. Contrary to expectations, the level of depression, stress, and anxiety observed has been low. Our findings can aid in future research on the impact of a partial lockdown and guide mental health professionals in Vietnam and other countries in the preparation of better care for populations under such circumstances.

Anh Trung Nguyen,1,2 Anh Kim Dang,3 Huong Thi Thu Nguyen,1,2,4 Thanh Xuan Nguyen,1,2 Tam Ngoc Nguyen,1,2 Thu Thi Hoai Nguyen,1,2 Thang Pham,1,2 Anh Lan Nguyen,1,2 Thuy Thi Ngoc Nguyen,1 Hien Nguyen Thi,5,6 Trang Ha Nguyen,5,6 Son Hoang Nguyen,7 Bach Xuan Tran,3,8 Carl Latkin,8 Roger CM Ho,9,10 Cyrus SH Ho,11 Huyen Thi Thanh Vu1,2 1Department of Geriatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam; 2Scientific Research Department, National Geriatric Hospital, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam; 3Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam; 4Dinh Tien Hoang Institute of Medicine, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam; 5Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam; 6Faculty of Nursing, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam; 7Center of Excellence in Health Services and System Research, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh, 700000, Vietnam; 8Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA; 9Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore; 10Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore; 11Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, 119228, SingaporeCorrespondence: Anh Trung NguyenGeriatrics Department, Hanoi Medical University, No 1 Ton That Tung, Dong Da, Hanoi, 100000, VietnamTel +84 903480774Email trunganhvlk@gmail.comBackground: Nurses play a pivotal role in pain management. Knowing more about nurses’ knowledge and attitudes regarding pain is important as we develop multidisciplinary pain services. Therefore, this study aimed to assess knowledge and attitudes regarding pain management among nurses in a geriatric hospital and its associated factors.Subjects and Methods: A survey was conducted of nurses worked at the National Geriatric Hospital over a 3-month period. The Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain (KASRP) was utilized to assess nurses’ knowledge and attitudes toward pain management. Four domains were defined based on KASRP, included cancer-related pain, pain assessment, pharmacology and substance abuse and physical dependence. Knowledge and attitudes regarding pain were classified as poor, fair, or good (≤ 50%, 50% - 75%, or ≥ 75% of the KASRP score). Multivariate Tobit regression models were applied to identify factors associated with the knowledge and attitudes regarding pain management.Results: Of 154 participants completed the survey, 72.2% (111 participants) had poor knowledge and attitudes regarding pain management. The participants had a correct mean score of 45.2% (SD = 2.2). Nurses’ knowledge of pain assessment was poor, with the proportion of correct answers to nine questions ranging from 2.6% to 50%. 44.8% of nurses reported never or rarely using pain assessment tools. Nurses who had previous training regarding pain at medical universities had significantly higher scores of knowledge and attitudes compared to those without training. Nurses who often use pain assessment tools had a significantly higher level of knowledge and attitudes than those who never or rarely use them.Conclusion: This study highlights significant deficits of knowledge and negative attitudes regarding pain management among nurses. The subject of pain management should be applied and enhanced in the nursing undergraduate curriculum. Nurses’ active participation in pain management should be encouraged by healthcare providers for older patients.Keywords: knowledge, attitude, nurse, pain management, older people

Background: Although “social isolation” protects the life and health of Vietnamese citizens from the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, it also triggers massive reductions in the economic activities of the country. Objective: our study aimed to identify negative impacts of COVID-19 on occupations of Vietnamese people during the first national lockdown, including the quality and quantity of jobs as well as adverse problems at work due to COVID-19. Methods: A cross-sectional study using web-based platforms was conducted during the first time of social isolation in Vietnam at the beginning of April 2020. We utilized a respondent-driven sampling technique to select 1423 respondents from 63 cities and provinces over Vietnam. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to define sub-domains of perceived impacts of COVID-19 on occupations. Findings: Approximately two-thirds of respondents reported decreases in their income (61.6%), and 28.2% reported that their income deficit was 40% and above. The percentage of female individuals having decreased revenue due to COVID-19 was higher than that of male respondents (65.2% and 54.7%, respectively). “Worry that colleagues exposed to COVID-19 patients” and “Being alienated because employment-related to COVID-19” accounted for the highest score in each factor. Compared to healthcare workers, being self-employed/unemployed/retired were less likely to suffer from “Increased workload and conflicts due to COVID-19” and “Disclosure and discrimination related to COVID-19 work exposure.” Conclusion: Our study revealed a drastic reduction in both the quality and quantity of working, as well as the increased fear and stigmatization of exposure to COVID-19 at workplaces. Health protection and economic support are immediate targets that should be focused on when implementing policies and regulations.

s The study presents a cross-sectional analysis via a web-based survey to assess the awareness and experiences of Vietnamese health professionals and community workers on climate and epidemic changes and their impacts on society. Health professionals, medical students, and community workers were included in the survey. Factor analysis was used to explore the construct validity of measures, and Multivariable Tobit regression models were used to examine associated factors with awareness about climate and epidemic changes and impacts on society. Results showed that the awareness of participants about climate and epidemic changes was moderately-low, while the awareness about the impacts on society were moderately high. Community workers show higher awareness of climate and epidemic changes compared to health professionals. People working in provincial levels had a lower score (Coef. = -0.64, 95%CI = −1.19 to −0.09) than those working in central level. Compared to Northern participants, those living in Central and Southern regions have lower awareness scores regarding “Changes in weather and epidemics” and “Changes in the environment” compared to Northern people. The higher awareness about climate and epidemic changes were found to be correlated with the higher awareness of “Impacts on health, society and economy” and “Impact on individuals and families”. Community workers scored lower in “Impact on individuals and families” compared to health professionals (Coef.-0.75; 95%CI = −1.34 to −0.16). This study emphasized the vulnerabilities of Vietnamese communities to epidemics and climate change. It suggests the involvements of intersectoral taskforces in the preparedness and responses to climate change and epidemics.