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This paper provides a detailed study of the structure - piezoelectric property relationships and the hydrostatic response of 2–2-type composites based on relaxor-ferroelectric 0.72Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.28PbTiO3 single crystal material. Type I layers in the composite system are represented by a single-domain [111]-poled single crystal. Changes in the orientation of the crystallographic axes in the Type I layer are undertaken to determine the maximum values of the hydrostatic piezoelectric coefficients dh*, gh*, and eh*, and squared figure of merit dh* gh* of the composite. The Type II layers are a 0–3 composite whereby inclusions of modified PbTiO3 ceramic are distributed in a polymer matrix. A new effect is described for the first time due to the impact of anisotropic elastic properties of the Type II layers on the hydrostatic piezoelectric response that is coupled with the polarization orientation effect in the Type I layers. Large hydrostatic parameters gh*≈300–400 mV˙m/N, eh*≈40–45C/m2, and dh* gh*~ 10−11 Pa−1 are achieved in the composite based on the 0.72Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.28PbTiO3 single crystal. Examples of the large piezoelectric anisotropy (| d33* / d3f* |≥5 or | g33* / g3f* |≥5) are discussed. The hydrostatic parameters of this novel composite system are compared to those of conventional 2–2 piezocomposites.

This proceedings volume presents selected and peer reviewed 50 reports of the 2015 International Conference on "Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications" (Azov, Russia, 19-22 May, 2015), devoted to 100th Anniversary of the Southern Federal University, Russia. The book presents processing techniques, physics, mechanics, and applications of advanced materials. The book is concentrated on some nanostructures, ferroelectric crystals, materials and composites and other materials with specific properties. In this book are presented nanotechnology approaches, modern piezoelectric techniques, physical and mechanical studies of the structure-sensitive properties of the materials. A wide spectrum of mathematical and numerical methods is applied to the solution of different technological, mechanical and physical problems for applications. Great attention is devoted to novel devices with high accuracy, longevity and extended possibilities to work in a large scale of temperatures and pressure ranges, aggressive media, etc. The characteristics of materials and composites with improved properties is shown, and new possibilities in studying of various physico-mechanical processes and phenomena are demonstrated

This book covers the topic of vibration energy harvesting using piezoelectric materials. Piezoelectric materials are analyzed in the context of their electromechanical coupling, heterogeneity, microgeometry and interrelations between electromechanical properties. Piezoelectric ceramics and composites based on ferroelectrics are advanced materials that are suitable for harvesting mechanical energy from vibrations using inertial energy harvesting which relies on the resistance of a mass to acceleration and kinematic energy harvesting which couples the energy harvester to the relative movement of different parts of a source. In addition to piezoelectric materials, research efforts to develop optimization methods for complex piezoelectric energy harvesters are also reviewed. The book is important for specialists in the field of modern advanced materials and will stimulate new effective piezotechnical applications.