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3. Long-term follow-up of production of IgM and IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among patients with COVID-19

Author

MATSUNAGA, Tomohiro, OHTA, Shin, YAMAGUCHI, Fumihiro, SAKAKURA, Shunsuke, ABE, Takashi, SUZUKI, Kosuke, KURODA, Yusuke, KAKIUCHI, Yusuke, KUWAHARA, Naota, FUJIWARA, Akiko, OKAZAKI, Tomoko, MIKUNI, Hatsuko, UNO, Tomoki, UCHIDA, Yoshitaka, FUKUDA, Yosuke, KIMURA, Tomoyuki, JINNO, Megumi, HIRAI, Kuniaki, MIYATA, Yoshito, KISHINO, Yasunari, INOUE, Hideki, HOMMA, Tetsuya, KUSUMOTO, Sojiro, SUZUKI, Shintaro, TANAKA, Akihiko, TOKIMATSU, Issei, and SAGARA, Hironori

Abstract

The patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 （COVID-19） produce IgM and IgG antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 （SARS-CoV-2）. However, the frequency and duration of antibody production still need to be fully understood. In the present study, we investigated the duration of antibody production after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were monitored over twelve months for the production of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies, and the characteristics of these patients were examined. Forty-five patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were enrolled, and thirty-four patients were followed up until they tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies or up to twelve months after the date of a negative SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction （PCR） result. The positivity rates of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies were 27.3％ and 68.2％ when SARS-CoV-2 PCR was negative, 20.6％ and 70.6％ after one month, 8.8％ and 52.9％ after three months, and 0.0％ and 14.7％ after six months, respectively. Moreover, we compared patients with milder conditions who did not require oxygen administration with those with severe conditions which required oxygen administration. The positivity rate of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies was significantly higher in patients with severe conditions than in those with milder conditions on the date of a negative SARS-CoV-2 PCR result and after one month and three months, but not after six months. Patients with more severe COVID-19 produced more SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies. Moreover, it is suggested that the duration of IgG antibody production is independent of COVID-19 severity.

Published
2023

4. Genotypic characterization Escherichia coli strains from Japan producing AmpC beta-lactamase

Author

YAMOCHI, Tadanori, YOSHIDA, Katsuhiko, OHIRA, Yasuyuki, OTA, Hirotaka, YAMOCHI, Toshiko, TAKIMOTO, Masafumi, and TOKIMATSU, Issei

Abstract

AmpC is a class C Ambler β-lactamase that confers resistance to cephamycins. Globally reported AmpC-producing Enterobacterales are clinically important due to their therapeutic restrictions and epidemiology. Between April 2021 and May 2021, an outbreak of AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli occurred at Showa University Hospital. Because of this outbreak, plasmid typing, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction （ERIC-PCR） analysis, conjugation experiments, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis （PFGE） were performed to study the molecular epidemiological characteristics of these E. coli strains. ERIC-PCR and conjugation experiments detected IncFrepB＋, IncFIA＋, and IncFIB＋ multiple-replicon conjugative plasmids carrying the AmpC gene （blaDHA-1）. Five of eleven isolates showed the same PFGE banding pattern in the XbaI-digested genomic DNA, whereas the remaining six strains displayed minor variants. These data highlight the need for improvements to infection control and surveillance measures to prevent the spread of blaDHA-1-carrying E. coli strains.

Published
2022

7. A Cluster of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections in a Hospital Ward for Adult Immunocompromised Patients

Author

NAGATOMO, Yasuhiro, TAKUMA, Takahiro, TOKIMATSU, Issei, NIKI, Yoshihito, FUJIWARA, Shun, NAKATA, Ayaka, SASAKI, Youhei, SHIMADA, Shotaro, WATANUKI, Megumi, ABE, Maasa, MURAI, So, BABA, Yuta, KAWAGUCHI, Yukiko, ARAI, Nana, KABASAWA, Nobuyuki, MATSUI, Tomoharu, TSUKAMOTO, Hiroyuki, UTO, Yui, HATTORI, Norimichi, SAITO, Bungo, YANAGISAWA, Kouji, and NAKAMAKI, Tsuyoshi

Abstract

Four male patients admitted to the same ward in the first half of September 201Y were identified to have respiratory syncytial virus（RSV）infection. Their ages ranged from 49 to 85 years（median 72.5）. One patient was infected with human immunodeficiency virus and three patients had hematological malignancies. Following immuno-chromatological testing with a nasal cavity swab, RSV infection was diagnosed. Although blood and sputum cultures were performed in three patients, no significant bacteria were detected. Two cases responded to supportive therapy. However, one patient died secondary to multiple myeloma, and another patient developed pneumonia and died with an exacerbation of leukemia. RSV infections in immunocompromised hosts are associated with a poor prognosis. Early diagnosis will facilitate isolation of infected individuals to prevent hospital outbreaks.

Published
2021

9. Monitoring Quinolone Resistance Due to Mutations in GyrA and ParC in Haemophilus Influenzae（2012-17）

Author

NAGATOMO, Yasuhiro, SHIRAKURA, Tetsuro, FUKUCHI, Kunihiko, TAKUMA, Takahiro, TOKIMATSU, Issei, and NIKI, Yoshihito

Abstract

Knowing recent drug-resistant bacteria trends is important for proper antibacterial drug use to improve the prognosis of patients with infectious diseases and for public health. Because multiple quinolone antibacterial agents are simultaneously adopted in hospitals in Japan, we examined whether minimum inhibitory concentrations （MICs） against Haemophilus influenzae differ among quinolones. We determined MICs of six different quinolone antibacterial agents and performed molecular genetic analysis. We investigated β-lactamase-producing and β-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant（BLNAR）H. influenzae using the nitrocefin method in parallel. Overall, 144 clinical H. influenzae strains isolated at the Showa University Hospital between 2012 and 2017 were subjected to MIC determination for penicillin/quinolone antibacterial agents using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution method. Amino acid mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions were analyzed in the isolates showing an MIC value ≥ 0.25µg/ml of quinolone antibacterial agents. BLNAR isolates increased from 2016 onward. Among quinolone antibacterial agents, all isolates remained susceptible to sitafloxacin. However, for moxifloxacin（MFLX）, strains with an MIC value＝0.5µg/ml were detected every year since 2013 except in 2015. Amino acid mutations were investigated in 17 isolates （11.8％） with MFLX MIC value≥ 0.25µg/ml and confirmed in 11 isolates （7.6％）, of which 9 contained GyrA mutations. The results demonstrated that MFLX was useful for predicting the presence of amino acid mutations and 0.25 was an appropriate MIC threshold for this purpose. This screening procedure may be effective for reducing the inappropriate use of quinolones and controlling the emergence of drug-resistant H. influenzae.

Published
2020

10. Combination treatment of short-course systemic corticosteroid and favipiravir in a successfully treated case of critically ill COVID-19 pneumonia with COPD

Author

Inoue, Hideki, primary, Jinno, Megumi, additional, Ohta, Shin, additional, Kishino, Yasunari, additional, Kawahara, Tomoko, additional, Mikuni, Hatsuko, additional, Sato, Haruna, additional, Yamamoto, Mayumi, additional, Sato, Yoko, additional, Onitsuka, Chisato, additional, Goto, Yuiko, additional, Ikeda, Hitoshi, additional, Sato, Hiroki, additional, Uno, Tomoki, additional, Uchida, Yoshitaka, additional, Kimura, Tomoyuki, additional, Miyata, Yoshito, additional, Hirai, Kuniaki, additional, Homma, Tetsuya, additional, Watanabe, Yoshio, additional, Kusumoto, Sojiro, additional, Suzuki, Shintaro, additional, Tokimatsu, Issei, additional, Tanaka, Akihiko, additional, and Sagara, Hironori, additional

Published
2020
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12. The incidence of endophthalmitis or macular involvement and the necessity of a routine ophthalmic examination in patients with candidemia

Author

Ueda, Takashi, primary, Takesue, Yoshio, additional, Tokimatsu, Issei, additional, Miyazaki, Taiga, additional, Nakada-Motokawa, Nana, additional, Nagao, Miki, additional, Nakajima, Kazuhiko, additional, Mikamo, Hiroshige, additional, Yamagishi, Yuka, additional, Kasahara, Kei, additional, Yoshihara, Shingo, additional, Ukimura, Akira, additional, Yoshida, Koichiro, additional, Yoshinaga, Naomi, additional, Izumi, Masaaki, additional, Kakeya, Hiroshi, additional, Yamada, Koichi, additional, Kawamura, Hideki, additional, Endou, Kazuo, additional, Yamanaka, Kazuaki, additional, Yoshioka, Mutsunobu, additional, Amino, Kayoko, additional, Ikeuchi, Hiroki, additional, Uchino, Motoi, additional, and Miyazaki, Yoshitsugu, additional

Published
2019
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13. Improved bacterial identification directly from urine samples with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Author

Kitagawa, Koichi, primary, Shigemura, Katsumi, additional, Onuma, Ken-ichiro, additional, Nishida, Masako, additional, Fujiwara, Mayu, additional, Kobayashi, Saori, additional, Yamasaki, Mika, additional, Nakamura, Tatsuya, additional, Yamamichi, Fukashi, additional, Shirakawa, Toshiro, additional, Tokimatsu, Issei, additional, and Fujisawa, Masato, additional

Published
2017
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19. Bronchial Stump Aspergillosis After Stapled Lobectomy for Lung Cancer

Author

Tokuishi, Keita, primary, Yamashita, Shin-ichi, additional, Hashimoto, Takafumi, additional, Moroga, Toshihiko, additional, Miyawaki, Michiyo, additional, Chujo, Masao, additional, Yamamoto, Satoshi, additional, Kawahara, Katsunobu, additional, Tokimatsu, Issei, additional, and Kashima, Kenji, additional

Published
2012
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21. A Japanese Adult Case of Forme Fruste Cystic Fibrosis

Author

Oka, Hiroaki, primary, Ishii, Hiroshi, additional, Kishi, Kenji, additional, Yokoyama, Atsushi, additional, Komiya, Kosaku, additional, Otani, Satoshi, additional, Yoshioka, Daisuke, additional, Shirai, Ryo, additional, Tokimatsu, Issei, additional, Hiramatsu, Kazufumi, additional, and Kadota, Jun-ichi, additional

Published
2010
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22. Tracheobronchial Amyloidosis in a Patient with Sarcoidosis

Author

Oka, Hiroaki, primary, Ishii, Hiroshi, additional, Iwasaki, Takahiro, additional, Amemiya, Yuka, additional, Otani, Satoshi, additional, Yoshioka, Daisuke, additional, Kishi, Kenji, additional, Shirai, Ryo, additional, Tokimatsu, Issei, additional, and Kadota, Jun-ichi, additional

Published
2009
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28. Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis with Hematological Malignancy Caused by Aspergillus terreus and in vitro Susceptibility of A. terreus Isolate to Micafungin

Author

Tokimatsu, Issei, primary, Kushima, Hisako, additional, Iwata, Atsuko, additional, Hashinaga, Kazuhiko, additional, Umeki, Kenji, additional, Ohama, Minoru, additional, Kohno, Kazuhiro, additional, Ishii, Hiroshi, additional, Kishi, Kenji, additional, Ogata, Masao, additional, Hiramatsu, Kazufumi, additional, Saikawa, Tetsunori, additional, and Kadota, Jun-ichi, additional

Published
2007
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33. Cloning of the lanosterol 14-α-demethylase ( ERG11) gene in Trichosporon asahii: a possible association between G453 R amino acid substitution and azole resistance in T. asahii.

Author

Kushima, Hisako, Tokimatsu, Issei, Ishii, Hiroshi, Kawano, Rie, Shirai, Ryo, Kishi, Kenji, Hiramatsu, Kazufumi, and Kadota, Jun-ichi

Subjects
*LANOSTEROL, *DEMETHYLASE, *AMINO acids, *FLUCONAZOLE, *AZOLES, *CRYPTOCOCCUS neoformans, *NUCLEOTIDE sequence
Abstract

Lanosterol 14-α-demethylase ( Erg11 protein; Erg11p), encoded by the ERG11 gene, is the primary target of azoles. Recently, a change in affinity of this enzyme for azoles has been reported as a resistance mechanism in several fungal species. Trichosporon asahii ( T. asahii) is susceptible to fluconazole ( FLC). This report identified the ERG11 gene of T. asahii ( NCBI accession; ). The Erg11p of T. asahii, presumed from the DNA sequence, was closely related to the Erg11p of Cryptococcus neoformans. Furthermore, a FLC-susceptible strain was cultured in medium containing FLC at concentrations from 4.0 to 16 μg mL−1 in order to analyze the development of FLC resistance in T. asahii. The degree of resistance was related to the FLC concentration of the growth medium. One highly resistant strain that was cultured in the medium containing 16 μg mL−1 FLC contained 1 point mutation ( G1357 C) that caused a single amino acid substitution at G453 R. This amino acid is highly conserved among major fungal pathogens, and it is in a region very close to the heme-binding domain, which is characteristic of the cytochrome P450 superfamily, the primary target for the azole class of antifungal agents. This amino acid substitution may have caused the high resistance to azoles in T. asahii. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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34. The expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins in peribronchiolar lymphocytes from patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis.

Author

Kadota, Jun-ichi, Mizunoe, Syunji, Mukae, Hiroshi, Mito, Katsuhiko, Kishi, Kenji, Tokimatsu, Issei, Nagai, Hiroyuki, Tomono, Kazunori, Kohno, Shigeru, and Nasu, Masaru

Abstract

Summary: Diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) is a distinctive form of small airway disease, which is characterized by chronic inflammation with lymphocyte infiltration around bronchioles. The aim of this study was to evaluate the importance of factors related to apoptosis in peribronchiolar lymphocytes of DPB. We employed immunohistochemical methods for the localization of Bax (a promoter of apoptosis), Bcl-2 (an inhibitor of apoptosis), and caspase-3 (a key executioner molecule of apoptosis) in lung tissues of five patients with DPB. In all patients, immunostaining for Bax was almost completely absent in accumulated lymphocytes around the bronchioles and in lymphocytes of the parafollicular area that correspond to a zone populated by T cells. In contrast to the reaction for Bax, Bcl-2 immunoreactivity was uniformly strong in all of the patients. The pattern of staining for caspase-3 was similar to that for Bax in all of the patients. In normal lung tissue, a few lymphocytes showed negative immunostaining for Bcl-2 and a positive reaction for caspase-3. Our results suggest that Bcl-2 protein may provide T-lymphocyte survival and hypercellularity in the bronchioles, thereby contributing to the progression of DPB. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2006
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35. PCR Detection of DNA Specific forTrichosporonSpecies in Serum of Patients with Disseminated Trichosporonosis

Author

Nagai, Hiroyuki, Yamakami, Yuriko, Hashimoto, Atsuro, Tokimatsu, Issei, and Nasu, Masaru

Abstract

ABSTRACTDeep-seated trichosporonosis is a lethal opportunistic infection that disseminates rapidly and widely in immunocompromised patients, and early diagnosis is crucial for the treatment of this infection. We developed a novel nested-PCR assay that detects DNA specific for clinically important strains of Trichosporonin serum samples from patients with disseminated trichosporonosis. In this assay, two sets of oligonucleotide primers were derived from the sequence of 26S rRNA genes of Trichosporon asahii. The specific fragment was amplified from T. asahiiand T. mucoides, but not from other microorganisms, including some other basidiomycetous fungi (Cryptococcus, Malassezia,Rhodotorula, and Sporobolomyces). Target DNA was detected by the nested PCR with as little as 5 fg of the extracted DNA of T. asahii. In a study using 11 clinical samples, the specific fragment was detected by the nested PCR in 64% (7 of 11) of sera from patients with histologically diagnosed disseminated trichosporonosis, while glucuronoxylomannan antigen was detected in only 54% (6 of 11) of the samples. Our new nested-PCR assay using serum samples can be performed repeatedly throughout the course of the disease. In addition, not only can it be used for early diagnosis of trichosporonosis, but it may also be beneficial for monitoring its progress or response to therapy.

Published
1999
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36. Characterization of influenza infection in a high-income urban setting in Nairobi, Kenya.

Author

Miring'u, Gabriel, Muriithi, Betty, Shoji, Hisashi, Symekher, Samwel M. L., Wandera, Ernest Apondi, Majisu, Claire, Takei, Mitsuo, Mwiraria, Koome, Saito, Yukie, Kaneko, Satoshi, and Tokimatsu, Issei

Subjects
*INFLUENZA, *RECEIVER operating characteristic curves, *VIRUS diseases, *INFLUENZA A virus, *INFLUENZA viruses, *JOINT pain
Abstract

Background: Influenza viruses are an important cause of respiratory infections across all age groups. Information on occurrence and magnitude of influenza virus infections in different populations in Kenya however remains scanty, compromising estimation of influenza disease burden. This study examined influenza infection in an urban high-income setting in Nairobi to establish its prevalence and activity of influenza viruses, and evaluated diagnostic performance of a rapid influenza diagnostic test. Methodology: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted in six private health facilities located within high-income residential areas in Nairobi from January 2019 to July 2020. Patients of all ages presenting with influenza-like illness (ILI) were recruited into the study. Detection of influenza virus was conducted using rapid diagnosis and reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR). Data were summarized using descriptive statistics and tests of association. Sensitivity, specificity and area under receiver operating characteristics curve was calculated to establish diagnostic accuracy of the rapid diagnosis test. Results: The study recruited 125 participants with signs and symptoms of ILI, of whom 21 (16.8%) were positive for influenza viruses. Of all the influenza-positive cases, 17 (81.0%) were influenza type A of which 70.6% were pandemic H1N1 (A/H1N1 2009). Highest detection was observed among children aged 5–10 years. Influenza virus mostly circulated during the second half of the year, and fever, general fatigue and muscular and joint pain were significantly observed among participants with influenza virus. Sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic test was 95% (95% confidence interval 75.1–99.9) and 100% (95% confidence interval 96.5–100.0), respectively. Conclusions: Findings of this study shows continuous but variable activity of influenza virus throughout the year in this population, with substantial disease burden. The findings highlight the need for continuous epidemiologic surveillance including genetic surveillance to monitor activity and generate data to inform vaccine introduction or development, and other interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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