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9. FAM46B Promotes Apoptosis and Inhibits Glycolysis of Prostate Cancer Through Inhibition of the MYC-LDHA Axis

Author

Liang,Tao, Ye,Xuxiao, Yan,Dongliang, Deng,Chao, Li,Zuowei, Tian,Binqiang, Liang,Tao, Ye,Xuxiao, Yan,Dongliang, Deng,Chao, Li,Zuowei, and Tian,Binqiang

Abstract

Tao Liang,* Xuxiao Ye,* Dongliang Yan, Chao Deng, Zuowei Li, Binqiang Tian Department of Urology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital East Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201306, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Dongliang Yan Email Liang_six@163.comObjective: Increased dependence on glycolysis is a known element of cancer. This study was designed to examine critical glycolysis components including transcription factor MYC and its downstream target lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), potential upstream regulators of glycolysis such as family with sequence similarity 46 member B (FAM46B), and the impact of the abundance of these proteins on apoptosis and glycolysis in prostate cancer.Materials and Methods: A total of 70 primary prostate cancer patient samples were compared to normal tissues for FAM46B and LDHA expression and the corresponding patients’ survival was monitored for 60 months. Prostate cancer cell lines were employed for protein expression manipulation, glucose uptake and LDH assays, and apoptosis measurements. A xenograft mouse model was used to quantify the role of FAM46B and LDHA on tumor growth in vivo.Results: FAM46B expression was reduced in prostate tumor tissue compared to normal tissue and prostate cancer patients who expressed low amounts of FAM46B had shortened average lifespans compared to those who expressed higher amounts of FAM46B (p=0.008). FAM46B overexpression reduced glucose uptake, decreased LDH activity, and induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines while FAM46B shRNA increased MYC levels in a non-malignant prostate cell line (P69). Conversely, forced expression of LDHA in LNCaP cells produced an increase in glycolysis markers with a corresponding decrease in apoptosis. FAM46B-overexpressing xenografts had starkly blunted growth which was restored with co-overexpression of LDHA.Conclusion: FAM46B plays

Published
2020

11. Granule Size and Distribution of Raw and Germinated Oat Starch in Solid State and Ethanol Solution

Author

Tian Binqiang, Xie Bi-jun, Wang Chao, and Wang Lan

Subjects
Ethanol, Chemistry, Starch, Scanning electron microscope, Granule (cell biology), food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 040401 food science, Crystallography, chemistry.chemical_compound, Crystallinity, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Germination, Powder Diffractometer, Particle size, Food Science, Nuclear chemistry
Abstract

The morphology and granular properties of oat starch during germination were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffractometer. The granule size distribution of oat starch was studied in various concentrations in ethanol using a laser particle-size analyzer. The starch granule shape before germination remained almost the same after germination, as shown by low-magnification (×1000) scanning electron microscopy. However, surface fissures at high-magnification (×5000) were found on the sample at the end of germination. After soaking, the relative crystallinity of the samples significantly reduced, by following increased and then decreased, reaching a maximum crystallinity of 16% at the end of germination. In various ethanol concentrations, the size of starch granules produced in different germination phase slightly varied, but this difference was not easy to detect in the scanning electron microscope ×1000 images. Overall, the particle size of oat starch generally decreased and th...

Published
2015

16. Biosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles and their effect on changes in urinary nanocrystallites in calcium oxalate stone formation

Author

Liang, Tao, Qiu, Xinkai, Ye, Xuxiao, Liu, Yuanyuan, Li, Zuowei, Tian, Binqiang, and Yan, Dongliang

Abstract

Plant bio constituents have the ability to prepare nanoparticles, and usually, plant polyphenols are tested to reduce sodium selenite to selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). In this work, we showed the biosynthesis of SeNPs using Ocimum tenuiflorumleaf extract. The as obtained SeNPs were in the size range of 15–20 nm and spherical in shape. Also, TEM microscopic images represented the aggregation of crystal structures as extracellular deposits. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy was performed to examine the chemical transition of calcium oxalate (CaC2O4) crystal’s shape and structure due to the influence of SeNPs. SeNPs inhibited the aggregation and growth of CaC2O4monohydrate crystals and hence the prepared SeNPs could have important prospects in medical and pharmaceutical applications as a potential inhibitor of CaC2O4urinary stones.

Published
2020
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17. Hierarchical non-woven fabric NiO/TiO 2 film as an efficient anode material for lithium-ion batteries.

Author

Zhang H, Tian B, Xue J, Ding G, Ji X, and Cao Y

Abstract

Hierarchical non-woven fabric NiO/TiO 2 film is prepared using a facile two-step synthesis by electrospinning and subsequent hydrothermal reaction to yield TiO 2 film decorated with NiO nanosheets. As an anode material for Li-ion batteries, the NiO/TiO 2 composite exhibits discharge and charge capacities of 1251.3 and 1284.3 mA h g -1 , with good cycling performance and rate capability. Characterization shows that the NiO nanosheets are distributed on the surface of the TiO 2 nanofibers. The total specific capacity of NiO/TiO 2 is higher than the sum of pure TiO 2 and NiO, indicating a positive synergistic effect of TiO 2 and NiO on the improvement of electrochemical performance. The results suggest that non-woven fabric NiO/TiO 2 film is a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)

Published
2019
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