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8. A syst-OMICS approach to ensuring food safety and reducing the economic burden of salmonellosis

Author

Tremblay, Denise, Groleau, Gisèle., Loignon, Stéphanie, Vincent, Caroline, Moineau, Sylvain, Colavecchio, Anna, Kukavica-Ibrulj, Iréna, Barrere, Virginie, Fliss, Ismaïl, Cadieux, Brigitte, Bekal, Sadjia, Arya, Gitanjali, Dewar, Ken, Fournier, Éric, Berry, Chrystal, Jeukens, Julie, Burnett, Elton, Emond Rheault, Jean-Guillaume, Levesque, Roger, Chapin, Travis K., Dupont, Marie-Josée, Crouse, Alanna, Boyle, Brian, Daigle, France, Freschi, Luca, Danyluk, Michelle D., Delaquis, Pascal J., Doualla-Bell, Florence, Fong, Karen, Franz, Eelco, Garduno, Rafael, Gill, Alexander, Gruenheid, Samantha, Harris, Linda J., Huang, Carol B., Huang, Hongsheng, Johnson, Roger, Joly, Yann, Kerhoas, Maud, Kong, Nguyet, Larivière, Line, Malo, Danielle, Mottawea, Walid, Mukhopadhyay, Kakali, Nadon, Céline, Nash, John, Ngueng Feze, Ida, Ogunremi, Dele, Perets, Ann, Pilar, Ana V., Reimer, Aleisha R., Robertson, James, Rohde, John, Sanderson, Kenneth E., Song, Lingqiao, Stephan, Roger, Tamber, Sandeep, Thomassin, Paul J., Usongo, Valentine, Wang, Siyun, Weadge, Joel T., Wiedmann, Martin, Wijnands, Lucas, Wilson, Emily D., Wittum, Thomas, Yoshida, Catherine, Yousfi, Khadija, Zhu, Lei, Weimer, Bart C., Goodridge, Lawrence, Cavestri, Camille, Tremblay, Denise, Groleau, Gisèle., Loignon, Stéphanie, Vincent, Caroline, Moineau, Sylvain, Colavecchio, Anna, Kukavica-Ibrulj, Iréna, Barrere, Virginie, Fliss, Ismaïl, Cadieux, Brigitte, Bekal, Sadjia, Arya, Gitanjali, Dewar, Ken, Fournier, Éric, Berry, Chrystal, Jeukens, Julie, Burnett, Elton, Emond Rheault, Jean-Guillaume, Levesque, Roger, Chapin, Travis K., Dupont, Marie-Josée, Crouse, Alanna, Boyle, Brian, Daigle, France, Freschi, Luca, Danyluk, Michelle D., Delaquis, Pascal J., Doualla-Bell, Florence, Fong, Karen, Franz, Eelco, Garduno, Rafael, Gill, Alexander, Gruenheid, Samantha, Harris, Linda J., Huang, Carol B., Huang, Hongsheng, Johnson, Roger, Joly, Yann, Kerhoas, Maud, Kong, Nguyet, Larivière, Line, Malo, Danielle, Mottawea, Walid, Mukhopadhyay, Kakali, Nadon, Céline, Nash, John, Ngueng Feze, Ida, Ogunremi, Dele, Perets, Ann, Pilar, Ana V., Reimer, Aleisha R., Robertson, James, Rohde, John, Sanderson, Kenneth E., Song, Lingqiao, Stephan, Roger, Tamber, Sandeep, Thomassin, Paul J., Usongo, Valentine, Wang, Siyun, Weadge, Joel T., Wiedmann, Martin, Wijnands, Lucas, Wilson, Emily D., Wittum, Thomas, Yoshida, Catherine, Yousfi, Khadija, Zhu, Lei, Weimer, Bart C., Goodridge, Lawrence, and Cavestri, Camille

Abstract

The Salmonella Syst-OMICS consortium is sequencing 4,500 Salmonella genomes and building an analysis pipeline for the study of Salmonella genome evolution, antibiotic resistance and virulence genes. Metadata, including phenotypic as well as genomic data, for isolates of the collection are provided through the Salmonella Foodborne Syst-OMICS database (SalFoS), at https://salfos.ibis.ulaval.ca/. Here, we present our strategy and the analysis of the first 3,377 genomes. Our data will be used to draw potential links between strains found in fresh produce, humans, animals and the environment. The ultimate goals are to understand how Salmonella evolves over time, improve the accuracy of diagnostic methods, develop control methods in the field, and identify prognostic markers for evidence-based decisions in epidemiology and surveillance.

Published
2020

9. Implicit prices for resource quality investments in Quebec's agricultural land market

Author

Lussier, George R., Baker, Laurie, and Thomassin, Paul J.

Subjects
Soil conservation -- Analysis, Farms -- Valuation -- Analysis, Regional focus/area studies, Social sciences, Valuation, Analysis
Abstract

Abstracts: 'Implicit Prices for Resource Quality Investments in Quebec's Agricultural Land Market'. Public concern for the sustainability of agriculture has resulted in the development of policies and projects to protect [...]

Published
2001

12. A syst-OMICS approach to ensuring food safety and reducing the economic burden of salmonellosis

Author

Emond Rheault, Jean-Guillaume, Jeukens, Julie, Freschi, Luca, Kukavica-Ibrulj, Iréna, Boyle, Brian, Dupont, Marie-Josée, Colavecchio, Anna, Barrere, Virginie, Cadieux, Brigitte, Arya, Gitanjali, Bekal, Sadjia, Berry, Chrystal, Burnett, Elton, Cavestri, Camille, Chapin, Travis K., Crouse, Alanna, Daigle, France, Danyluk, Michelle D., Delaquis, Pascal J., Dewar, Ken, Doualla-Bell, Florence, Fliss, Ismaïl, Fong, Karen, Fournier, Éric, Franz, Eelco, Garduno, Rafael, Gill, Alexander, Gruenheid, Samantha, Harris, Linda J., Huang, Carol B., Huang, Hongsheng, Johnson, Roger, Joly, Yann, Kerhoas, Maud, Kong, Nguyet, Lapointe, Gisèle, Larivière, Line, Loignon, Stéphanie, Malo, Danielle, Moineau, Sylvain, Mottawea, Walid, Mukhopadhyay, Kakali, Nadon, Céline, Nash, John, Ngueng Feze, Ida, Ogunremi, Dele, Perets, Ann, Pilar, Ana V., Reimer, Aleisha R., Robertson, James, Rohde, John, Sanderson, Kenneth E., Song, Lingqiao, Stephan, Roger, Tamber, Sandeep, Thomassin, Paul J., Tremblay, Denise, Usongo, Valentine, Vincent, Caroline, Wang, Siyun, Weadge, Joel T., Wiedmann, Martin, Wijnands, Lucas, Wilson, Emily D., Wittum, Thomas, Yoshida, Catherine, Yousfi, Khadija, Zhu, Lei, Weimer, Bart C., Goodridge, Lawrence, Lévesque, Roger C., Emond Rheault, Jean-Guillaume, Jeukens, Julie, Freschi, Luca, Kukavica-Ibrulj, Iréna, Boyle, Brian, Dupont, Marie-Josée, Colavecchio, Anna, Barrere, Virginie, Cadieux, Brigitte, Arya, Gitanjali, Bekal, Sadjia, Berry, Chrystal, Burnett, Elton, Cavestri, Camille, Chapin, Travis K., Crouse, Alanna, Daigle, France, Danyluk, Michelle D., Delaquis, Pascal J., Dewar, Ken, Doualla-Bell, Florence, Fliss, Ismaïl, Fong, Karen, Fournier, Éric, Franz, Eelco, Garduno, Rafael, Gill, Alexander, Gruenheid, Samantha, Harris, Linda J., Huang, Carol B., Huang, Hongsheng, Johnson, Roger, Joly, Yann, Kerhoas, Maud, Kong, Nguyet, Lapointe, Gisèle, Larivière, Line, Loignon, Stéphanie, Malo, Danielle, Moineau, Sylvain, Mottawea, Walid, Mukhopadhyay, Kakali, Nadon, Céline, Nash, John, Ngueng Feze, Ida, Ogunremi, Dele, Perets, Ann, Pilar, Ana V., Reimer, Aleisha R., Robertson, James, Rohde, John, Sanderson, Kenneth E., Song, Lingqiao, Stephan, Roger, Tamber, Sandeep, Thomassin, Paul J., Tremblay, Denise, Usongo, Valentine, Vincent, Caroline, Wang, Siyun, Weadge, Joel T., Wiedmann, Martin, Wijnands, Lucas, Wilson, Emily D., Wittum, Thomas, Yoshida, Catherine, Yousfi, Khadija, Zhu, Lei, Weimer, Bart C., Goodridge, Lawrence, and Lévesque, Roger C.

Abstract

The Salmonella Syst-OMICS consortium is sequencing 4,500 Salmonella genomes and building an analysis pipeline for the study of Salmonella genome evolution, antibiotic resistance and virulence genes. Metadata, including phenotypic as well as genomic data, for isolates of the collection are provided through the Salmonella Foodborne Syst-OMICS database (SalFoS), at https://salfos.ibis.ulaval.ca/. Here, we present our strategy and the analysis of the first 3,377 genomes. Our data will be used to draw potential links between strains found in fresh produce, humans, animals and the environment. The ultimate goals are to understand how Salmonella evolves over time, improve the accuracy of diagnostic methods, develop control methods in the field, and identify prognostic markers for evidence-based decisions in epidemiology and surveillance.

Published
2017

13. The economic impact of climate change on cash crop farms in Quebec and Ontario

Author

An, Ning and Thomassin, Paul J.

Subjects
Climate change, economic impacts, technological change, institutional change, Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Farm Management
Abstract

This paper examines the economic impact of alternative climate change scenarios on representative cash crop farms in Quebec and Ontario. Mixed Integer Dynamic Linear Programming models are used to determine the annual optimal land and labor allocations over a 30 year time horizon. In the modeling process, five climate scenarios are modeled, along with different combinations of CO2 enhancement and water limitation. Parameters, such as crop prices, costs of production, and crop yields, are simulated and projected into the future using various methods, such as Monte Carlo simulation, Crystal Ball Predictor and DSSAT cropping system model. Rotation and diversification constraints, as well as participation in public risk management programs are also incorporated into the optimization procedures. The results show that the economic impact of climate change varies by scenario, with the CO2 effect and water limitation having a more significant effect than the specific climate scenarios. Technology development, as well as the public insurance programs can contribute to the reduction of economic vulnerability.

Published
2015

14. Estimating a Natural Capital Account for Agricultural Land

Author

Roy, René and Thomassin, Paul J.

Subjects
Natural Resource Economics, Environmental and Non Market Valuation, Resource & Environmental Policy Analysis, Agricultural and Food Policy, Environmental Economics and Policy, Land Economics/Use, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
Abstract

The objectives of this research were to design and estimate an agricultural wealth account for the province of Quebec and to demonstrate how this information can be used in the decision making process. A hedonic pricing model was used to calculate the value of the agricultural wealth account based on the implicit prices of the attributes of the physical account. The estimated account includes both an estimate of the physical characteristics of the agricultural land inventory and the valuation of that inventory. The information generated from the wealth account will be used to illustrate its use to estimate “green GDP” for the agriculture sector and to account for land use and land use changes. Implicitly pricing the attributes of agricultural land provides a more flexible means of estimating the potential impact of agricultural land policy on the value of the wealth account. This method can fulfill an important informational gap about the behaviour of the asset facing various exogenous shocks.

Published
2014

16. Carbon Trading and No-Permanency of Agricultural Sequestration: Institutional Design and the Choice of Working Rules

Author

Thomassin, Paul J.

Subjects
Software_GENERAL, Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, Environmental Economics and Policy
Abstract

The institutional development of a domestic carbon trading institution in Canada that includes carbon off-sets must address the problems of providing the appropriate incentives to generate carbon reductions and removals and the problem of non-permanency of sequestered carbon. The paper analyzes two rule sets to address these problems and estimates the economic impact of these sets.

Published
2006

17. Product Attributes and Consumer Willingness to Pay for Environmental Management Systems in Agriculture: Using the Choice Modeling Technique

Author

Straub, Matthew O. and Thomassin, Paul J.

Subjects
Consumer/Household Economics
Abstract

Consumer concerns in food purchasing contain a number of elements, including food safety, environment, animal welfare, and other social issues. The purpose of this study was to examine consumer perceptions of the potential benefits of products that are produced using an environmental management system (EMS) in agriculture, and to identify those factors that influence choice. The choice modeling technique uses consumer responses (preferences) to estimate Montrealers= willingness to pay (WTP) for production practices that decrease the impacts on the environment, as well as for other potential benefits of EMS production. Results indicate that consumers are willing to pay a price premium for these environmental benefits. This could provide a justification for government to provide incentives for environmental farm management practices and support to certification and labelling programs.

Published
2006

18. Canada's Domestic Carbon Emission and Trading Institution: Rules, Workability, and the Role of Offsets

Author

Thomassin, Paul J.

Subjects
Environmental Economics and Policy, K2, Q13, Q1, Q5, Q58
Abstract

When Canada ratified the Kyoto Protocol in December 2002, the country committed to decrease its Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions by 6% below its 1990 level. It is estimated that this commitment will require Canada to decrease emissions by 270 megatonnes (Mt) per year during the first commitment period 2008 to 2012. Carbon emission trading institutions have been identified, both internationally and domestically, as being a cost effective mechanism for supplying carbon emission reductions. The paper investigates two alternative mechanisms that can be used to allocate carbon and the potential development of the carbon offset credit market. The offset market could be important for the agriculture and forestry sectors, since these sectors have the potential to sequester carbon or reduce greenhouse gas emissions through various mitigation actions. Government is currently considering various types of offset credit vehicles in order to address the concern of permanence associated with carbon sequestration. These include temporary credits and "permanent offset credits." Temporary credits would provide a one year deferment for the purchaser. The "permanent offset credit" would give the buyer a permanent reduction but would require the producer of the credit to conduct the practice for a particular period plus some liability period during which the carbon would have to be stored. The choice of credit type, liability replacement rule, liability clock has an impact on the value of the "permanent offset credit." The paper estimates the economic incentives that can be expected from the alternative institutional arrangements.

Published
2006

19. A life cycle inventory analysis of wood pellets for greenhouse heating: a case study at Macdonald campus of McGill University.

Author

Tingting Wu, Mukhopadhyay, Kakali, and Thomassin, Paul J.

Subjects
WOOD pellets, GREENHOUSE gases, RENEWABLE energy sources
Abstract

Wood pellets are one of the most promising alternatives to fossil fuel in Canada. Using wood pellets for heating allows saving on heating source expenses as compared to fossil fuels. Moreover, direct carbon emissions from wood pellets are regarded as carbon neutral since regrowth of vegetation captures and stores carbon that already exists in the atmosphere. Using wood pellets as a heating fuel for greenhouse vegetable production is expected to result in less greenhouse gas emissions than fossil fuels. Increasing the domestic consumption of wood pellets for greenhouse heating in Canada would reduce the environmental impact of energy consumption. This study investigates the potential of using wood pellets as an alternative fuel for commercial greenhouses in Quebec. This study applied a life-cycle analysis to demonstrate the energy flows and environmental consequences of using wood pellets for greenhouse vegetable production. The results found that greenhouse gas emissions from wood pellets are lower than natural gas in greenhouse operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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20. Industrial output restriction and the Kyoto protocol: An input-output approach with application to Canada

Author

USL-B - Centre de recherche en Economie (CEREC), UCL, Lixon, Benoit, Thomassin, Paul J., Hamaide, Bertrand, USL-B - Centre de recherche en Economie (CEREC), UCL, Lixon, Benoit, Thomassin, Paul J., and Hamaide, Bertrand

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to assess the economic impacts of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by decreasing industrial output in Canada to a level that will meet the target set out in the Kyoto Protocol. The study uses an ecological-economic Input-Output model combining economic components valued in monetary terms with ecologic components - GHG emissions - expressed in physical terms. Economic and greenhouse gas emissions data for Canada are computed in the same sectoral disaggregation. Three policy scenarios are considered: the first one uses the direct emission coefficients to allocate the reduction in industrial output, while the other two use the direct plus indirect emission coefficients. In the first two scenarios, the reduction in industrial sector output is allocated uniformly across sectors while it is allocated to the 12 largest emitting industries in the last one. The estimated impacts indicate that the results vary with the different allocation methods. The third policy scenario, allocation to the 12 largest emitting sectors, is the most cost effective of the three as the impacts of the Kyoto Protocol reduces Gross Domestic Product by 3.1% compared to 24% and 8.1% in the first two scenarios. Computed economic costs should be considered as upper-bounds because the model assumes immediate adjustment to the Kyoto Protocol and because flexibility mechanisms are not incorporated. The resulting upper-bound impact of the third scenario may seem to contradict those who claim that the Kyoto Protocol would place an unbearable burden on the Canadian economy. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2008

21. A life cycle inventory analysis of wood pellets for greenhouse heating: a case study at Macdonald campus of McGill University.

Author

Tingting Wu, Mukhopadhyay, Kakali, and Thomassin, Paul J.

Subjects
WOOD pellets, FOSSIL fuels, GREENHOUSE gas mitigation
Abstract

Wood pellets are one of the most promising alternatives to fossil fuel in Canada. Using wood pellets for heating allows saving on heating source expenses as compared to fossil fuels. Moreover, direct carbon emissions from wood pellets are regarded as carbon neutral since regrowth of vegetation captures and stores carbon that already exists in the atmosphere. Using wood pellets as a heating fuel for greenhouse vegetable production is expected to result in less greenhouse gas emissions than fossil fuels. Increasing the domestic consumption of wood pellets for greenhouse heating in Canada would reduce the environmental impact of energy consumption. This study investigates the potential of using wood pellets as an alternative fuel for commercial greenhouses in Quebec. This study applied a life-cycle analysis to demonstrate the energy flows and environmental consequences of using wood pellets for greenhouse vegetable production. The results found that greenhouse gas emissions from wood pellets are lower than natural gas in greenhouse operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
Full Text
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22. ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF TRADE LIBERALISATION. ILLUSTRATIONS FROM EAST AND SOUTH-EAST ASIA.

Author

Mukhopadhyay, Kakali and Thomassin, Paul J.

Subjects
GLOBALIZATION, FREE trade, ECONOMIC activity, TRADE regulation, ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis, ECONOMIC impact
Abstract

Although the globalization of the economic activities is the main trend, regionalism in the form of regional economic integration also began to develop around the end of the 20th century and has grown more rapidly in the 21st century. The current study evaluates the economy wide impact of trade liberalization in ASEAN region along with China, Japan and Korea (ASEAN+3) by the year 2020. The study also assesses the environmental impact of the trade liberalization in the region. Result shows that the countries under agreement (ASEAN+3) will benefit with increased output, and welfare due to liberalization. Further, the region not under agreement in the world will show a decline in output. Though Vietnam will be gaining with highest output growth among the ASEAN region, but the negative impact on the environment would also be expected. The implications on the environment will not be unfavourable for other participating countries under the agreement except Vietnam. This analysis provides useful insight in pursuing greater trade liberalization among the countries under the study with a "win-win strategy". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009

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