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1. Differences in Physical Activity at Recess and School-Related Social Factors in Four Finnish Lower Secondary Schools

Author

Haapala, H. L., Hirvensalo, M. H., Laine, K., Laakso, L., Hakonen, H., Lintunen, T., and Tammelin, T. H.

Abstract

This study investigated the differences in physical activity (PA) at recess and school-related social factors, and described school PA promotion processes and staff experiences at four lower secondary schools from the Finnish Schools on the Move programme. Recess PA, peer relationships at school, relatedness to school, and school climate were assessed via surveys with eighth-grade students in spring 2011 (n = 385) and spring 2013 (n = 373). Local contact people in the school projects (n = 6), school staff (n = 83) and principals (n = 3) provided information on the PA promotion process via telephone interviews and surveys. Differences in student-level data in years 2011 and 2013 were analysed by gender using two-way ANOVA. Data on school processes were analysed using a combination of classification, narrative approach and content analysis. In two of the four schools, male students reported higher levels of recess PA in 2013 compared to 2011. In three schools, school-related social factors did not differ between 2011 and 2013. School cultures and routes towards a more physically active school day differed; the project was highly visible in all schools, but staff participation varied. More research is needed to determine the effective physically active strategies to promote positive social well-being and to enhance staff engagement.

Published
2017
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3. Temperament and longitudinal changes in physical activity:the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study

Author

Karppanen, A.-K. (Anna-Kaisa), Miettunen, J. (Jouko), Hurtig, T. (Tuula), Nordström, T. (Tanja), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Korpelainen, R. (Raija), Karppanen, A.-K. (Anna-Kaisa), Miettunen, J. (Jouko), Hurtig, T. (Tuula), Nordström, T. (Tanja), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), and Korpelainen, R. (Raija)

Abstract

Background: Insufficient physical activity is risk factor for morbidity and premature mortality. This population-based birth cohort study investigated the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between self-reported temperament at age 31 and self-reported leisure-time moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels and changes thereof from the age of 31 to the age of 46 years. Methods: The study population comprised 3,084 subjects (1,359 male and 1,725 female) from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. MVPA was self-reported at ages 31 and 46 years. Novelty seeking, harm avoidance, reward dependence, and persistence and their subscales were measured using Cloninger’s Temperament and Character Inventory at age 31. Four temperament clusters were used in the analyses: persistent, overactive, dependent, and passive. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between temperament and MVPA. Results: The persistent and overactive temperament profiles at age 31 were positively associated with higher MVPA levels both in young adulthood and in midlife, while the passive and dependent temperament profiles were associated with lower MVPA levels. The overactive temperament profile was associated with a decrease in MVPA levels from young adulthood to midlife among males. Conclusion: A passive temperament profile characterized by high harm avoidance is associated with a higher risk of low MVPA level than other temperament profiles over the life cycle in females. The results suggest that temperament may play a role in determining the level and sustainability of MVPA. Individual targeting and intervention tailoring for promoting physical activity should consider temperament traits.

Published
2023

4. More active lessons:teachers’ perceptions of student engagement during physically active maths lessons in Finland

Author

Sneck, S. (Sirpa), Syväoja, H. (Heidi), Järvelä, S. (Sanna), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Sneck, S. (Sirpa), Syväoja, H. (Heidi), Järvelä, S. (Sanna), and Tammelin, T. (Tuija)

Abstract

The Moving Maths study was conducted to increase third grade pupils’ physical activity and support their learning in Finland. Altogether 397 children (mean age 9.3 years) and 22 teachers took part in an intervention with two types of physically active maths lessons for five months. One group carried out lessons in which PA was integrated into maths learning goals, while another group implemented PA as short breaks. A control group was also allocated. The aim of the current study was to qualitatively examine classroom teachers’ (n = 12) experiences and perceptions of student engagement during the intervention. The results indicated that pupils showed positive emotional and social engagement in both intervention groups. Positive cognitive engagement was indicated by concentration on seated work after the activities, but some teachers reported uncertainty about the learning results. It is concluded that in addition to reducing children’s harmful sedentary behaviour, physically active lessons can positively affect student engagement and may thus enhance learning.

Published
2023

5. Adolescents' Physical Activity at Recess and Actions to Promote a Physically Active School Day in Four Finnish Schools

Author

Haapala, H. L., Hirvensalo, M. H., Laine, K., Laakso, L., Hakonen, H., Lintunen, T., and Tammelin, T. H.

Abstract

The national Finnish Schools on the Move programme support schools with their individual plans to promote school-based physical activity (PA). We examined the changes in adolescents' recess and overall PA in four lower secondary schools and described the school actions to promote students' PA and the local contact persons' perceptions of the effects. Recess and overall PA were assessed four times by anonymous questionnaires from students in grades 7-9 (n = 789) in 2010-12, and local contact persons (n = 7) provided information on school actions with diaries, interviews and surveys. Student data were analysed with descriptive statistics and chi-square tests, and school actions data were analysed with quantitative content analysis. The proportion of students who participated in physical activities at recess at least sometimes increased from 30% to 49% in physically active play and from 33% to 42% in ball games, mostly due to improvements in males' participation. Females' participation in recess activities increased in two schools with gender-specific physical activities or facilities. Overall PA levels declined slightly. Organized recess activities, student recess activators and equipment provision and sports facilities development were considered to have affected students' PA positively. Solutions for getting females more physically active in the school setting are needed.

Published
2014
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6. Physical Activity, Emotional and Behavioural Problems, Maternal Education and Self-Reported Educational Performance of Adolescents

Author

Kantomaa, M. T., Tammelin, T. H., Demakakos, P., Ebeling, H. E., and Taanila, A. M.

Abstract

This study examined whether physical activity, mental health and socio-economic position were associated with the overall academic performance and future educational plans of adolescents aged 15-16 years. We used a sample of 7002 boys and girls from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986. Data were collected by a postal enquiry in 2001-02. Multivariable logistic regression models were estimated and adjusted for family structure and all variables in the models. In the fully adjusted models, higher levels of physical activity and high parental socio-economic position were associated with higher overall academic performance and future plans for higher education. High scoring on behavioural problems was related to lower overall academic performance and poorer future academic plans. In summary, a higher level of physical activity, fewer behavioural problems and higher socio-economic position were independently associated with high self-perceived overall academic performance and plans for higher education among adolescents. The interrelations of these factors and the positive relationship between physical activity, mental health and school outcomes provide a context of critical importance for future research, intervention programming and policy directed at improving the educational attainment of adolescents.

Published
2010
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7. Role of nanocellulose in tailoring electroanalytical performance of hybrid nanocellulose/multiwalled carbon nanotube electrodes

Author

Durairaj, V. (Vasuki), Liljeström, T. (Touko), Wester, N. (Niklas), Engelhardt, P. (Peter), Sainio, S. (Sami), Wilson, B. P. (Benjamin P.), Li, P. (Panpan), Kontturi, K. S. (Katri S.), Tammelin, T. (Tekla), Laurila, T. (Tomi), Koskinen, J. (Jari), Durairaj, V. (Vasuki), Liljeström, T. (Touko), Wester, N. (Niklas), Engelhardt, P. (Peter), Sainio, S. (Sami), Wilson, B. P. (Benjamin P.), Li, P. (Panpan), Kontturi, K. S. (Katri S.), Tammelin, T. (Tekla), Laurila, T. (Tomi), and Koskinen, J. (Jari)

Abstract

Nanocellulose has emerged as a promising green dispersant for carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and there is an increasing trend in developing nanocellulose/CNT hybrid materials for electrochemical detection of various small molecules. However, there have been very few comprehensive studies investigating the role of nanocellulosic material properties upon the electroanalytical performance of the resultant hybrid electrodes. In this work, we demonstrate the influence of both nanocellulose functionalization and geometry, utilizing sulfated cellulose nanocrystals, sulfated cellulose nanofibers, and TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers. Transmission electron microscopy tomography enables direct visualization of the effect of nanocellulosic materials on the hybrid architectures. High resolution X-ray absorption spectroscopy verifies that the chemical nature of CNTs in the different hybrids is unmodified. Electroanalytical performances of the different nanocellulose/CNT hybrid electrodes are critically evaluated using physiologically relevant biomolecules with different charge such as, dopamine (cationic), paracetamol (neutral), and uric acid (anionic). The hybrid electrode containing fibrillar nanocellulose geometry with a high degree of sulfate group functionalization provides the highest electroanalytical sensitivity and strongest enrichment towards all studied analytes. These results clearly demonstrate for the first time, the extent of tailorability upon the electroanalytical response of nanocellulose/CNT hybrid electrodes towards different biomolecules, offered simply by the choice of nanocellulosic materials.

Published
2022

8. Moving Maths:effects and experiences of physical activity integrated into primary school mathematics lessons

Author

Järvelä, S. (Sanna), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Syväoja, H. (Heidi), Sneck, S. (Sirpa), Järvelä, S. (Sanna), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Syväoja, H. (Heidi), and Sneck, S. (Sirpa)

Abstract

The daily physical activity (PA) of children in Finland does not meet WHO recommendations, causing concern over children’s well-being. One solution would be to integrate PA into the school day. The aims of this dissertation are to analyse evidence on the effects of school-based PA interventions on performance in mathematics, describe the experiences and perceptions of participants in the Moving Maths intervention and present the effects of this intervention on mathematics performance. The Moving Maths study was conducted between 2017 and 2020 in Finland on pupils aged 9 years. This randomised controlled trial was designed to investigate the effects of two different types of mathematics lessons on learning and engagement: one with PA integrated into learning goals and another with PA implemented through short breaks. A third group was allocated as a control. This dissertation is compiled from four original articles. The results of the first study (a systematic review and meta-analysis) indicated that 45% of the included school-based PA interventions positively influenced mathematics performance. The second study was based on interview data and comprised an investigation into pupils’ experiences and perceptions of student engagement during the nine-week pilot study. The pupils in the PA break group expressed mixed experiences, while the integrated PA group experienced positive emotional and social engagement and improved concentration. Based on individual interviews, the third study focused on teachers’ experiences and perceptions of student engagement during the five-month intervention. Although positive emotional and social engagement was indicated in both PA groups, some concerns were reported about learning outcomes and behavioural engagement. The results of the final article indicated that the Moving Maths intervention did not affect pupils’ performance in mathematics. In conclusion, this dissertation presents evidence that indicates PA can positively im, Tiivistelmä Lasten päivittäinen fyysinen aktiivisuus Suomessa ei täytä WHO:n suosituksia, mikä on huolestuttavaa lasten hyvinvoinnille. Yksi vaihtoehto lisätä lasten liikkumista on sisällyttää sitä koulupäiviin. Tämän väitöskirjan tavoitteena on analysoida kouluissa toteutettuja interventiotutkimuksia, joissa lisättiin liikkumista koulupäiviin, kuvailla Liikkuvaa matikkaa -tutkimuksen osallistujien kokemuksia ja käsityksiä interventiosta sekä esittää intervention vaikutukset oppilaiden matematiikan oppimistuloksiin. Tutkimus toteutettiin Suomessa vuosina 2017–2020. Satunnaistetussa kontrolloidussa tutkimuksessa selvitettiin fyysisesti aktiivisten matematiikan oppituntien vaikutusta yhdeksänvuotiaiden matematiikan oppimiseen ja oppimiseen sitoutumiseen. Liikkuen matikkaa -ryhmässä integroitiin liikkumista matematiikan oppimistavoitteisiin, kun taas Liikuntatauot-ryhmän oppilaat aktivoitiin liikuntatauoilla. Tutkimukseen kuului myös vertailuryhmä. Tämä väitöskirja koostuu neljästä artikkelista. Ensimmäisen katsausartikkelin tulosten mukaan 45 % koulupäivän aikaisista liikkumista lisäävistä interventioista vaikutti positiivisesti oppilaiden matematiikan oppimistuloksiin. Toinen artikkeli perustui haastatteluun, jossa selvitettiin oppilaiden kokemuksia oppimiseen sitoutumisesta pilottitutkimuksen aikana. Liikuntatauot-ryhmässä kokemukset olivat vaihtelevia, kun taas Liikkuen matikkaa -ryhmä oli kokenut positiivista tunnetason ja sosiaalisen tason sitoutumista. Kolmas tutkimus selvitti haastattelujen avulla opettajien kokemuksia oppilaiden sitoutumisesta viiden kuukauden intervention aikana ja osoitti, että tunnetason ja sosiaalisen tason sitoutuminen oli positiivista molemmissa tutkimusryhmissä. Osa opettajista ilmaisi kuitenkin huolensa oppilaiden oppimistuloksista ja osaa huolestutti oppilaiden käytöksen tason sitoutuminen. Neljännen artikkelin tulokset osoittivat, että Liikkuvaa matikkaa -interventio ei vaikuttanut matematiikan oppimistuloksiin. Tämä väitöskirja esit

Published
2022

9. Pupils’ experiences and perceptions of engagement during the Moving Maths programme

Author

Sneck, S. (Sirpa), Järvelä, S. (Sanna), Syväoja, H. (Heidi), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Sneck, S. (Sirpa), Järvelä, S. (Sanna), Syväoja, H. (Heidi), and Tammelin, T. (Tuija)

Abstract

This study investigated pupil experiences and perceptions of two kinds of classroom-based physically active math lessons during the Moving Maths programme in a Finnish primary school context. Qualitative data were gathered in focus group interviews with 16 nine-year-old pupils. Pupils in the group with physically active breaks during math lessons expressed mixed experiences, while pupils in the group with physical activity (PA) integrated into math curriculum experienced increased positive emotional and cognitive engagement. It is concluded that integrating PA into mathematics lessons is a feasible pedagogical method, especially in the form of PA integrated into math curriculum goals.

Published
2022

10. Changes in BMI and physical activity from youth to adulthood distinguish normal-weight, metabolically obese adults from those who remain healthy

Author

Viitasalo, A., Pahkala, K., Lehtimäki, T., Viikari, J. S.A., Tammelin, T. H., Raitakari, O., Kilpeläinen, T. O., Viitasalo, A., Pahkala, K., Lehtimäki, T., Viikari, J. S.A., Tammelin, T. H., Raitakari, O., and Kilpeläinen, T. O.

Abstract

Highlights: Adults with MONW have a lower BMI during youth until young adulthood, but higher BMI after this than adults with metabolically healthy normal weight. Adults with MONW have a greater decrease in physical activity from youth to adulthood than other adults. Healthy lifestyle is important in the prevention of metabolic disorders, particularly in individuals who are slim in childhood. Background: Individuals with metabolically obese normal-weight (MONW) have higher risk of cardiovascular events than those with obesity but a metabolically healthy status. Etiological factors leading to MONW are not well known. We hypothesized distinct trajectories of changes in BMI and physical activity may modify metabolic risk and distinguish individuals with MONW from those who remain healthy. Methods: We compared the mean levels of BMI and physical activity at eight time points (1980, 1983, 1986, 1989, 1992, 2001, 2007, 2011) between MONW and healthy normal-weight adults using linear mixed-model analysis. The analyses included 1180 participants of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study, a population-based study that represents six different age cohorts 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 years of age at baseline. Results: Individuals with adult MONW had significantly lower BMI in childhood and young adulthood, but their BMI increased more than in other adults after this age (p<0.001for interaction between time and MONW status). Physical activity decreased relatively more since youth in individuals with adult MONW (p<0.001). Conclusions: Relative leanness in youth and subsequent weight gain in young adulthood, and a gradual decrease in physical activity levels from youth to adulthood, predispose normal-weight individuals to metabolic impairments. The results highlight the importance of a healthy lifestyle in the prevention of metabolic disorders, particularly in individuals who are slim in childhood.

Published
2022

11. More active lessons:teachers’ perceptions of student engagement during physically active maths lessons in Finland

Author

Sneck, S. (Sirpa), Syväoja, H. (Heidi), Järvelä, S. (Sanna), and Tammelin, T. (Tuija)

Subjects
mathematics, teacher interview, intervention, engagement, physically active learning
Abstract

The Moving Maths study was conducted to increase third grade pupils’ physical activity and support their learning in Finland. Altogether 397 children (mean age 9.3 years) and 22 teachers took part in an intervention with two types of physically active maths lessons for five months. One group carried out lessons in which PA was integrated into maths learning goals, while another group implemented PA as short breaks. A control group was also allocated. The aim of the current study was to qualitatively examine classroom teachers’ (n = 12) experiences and perceptions of student engagement during the intervention. The results indicated that pupils showed positive emotional and social engagement in both intervention groups. Positive cognitive engagement was indicated by concentration on seated work after the activities, but some teachers reported uncertainty about the learning results. It is concluded that in addition to reducing children’s harmful sedentary behaviour, physically active lessons can positively affect student engagement and may thus enhance learning.

Published
2022

12. Nanocellulose-based mechanically stable immobilization matrix for enhanced ethylene production

Author

Rissanen, V., Vajravel, S., Kosourov, S., Arola, Suvi, Kontturi, E., Allahverdiyeva, Y., Tammelin, T., VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, University of Turku, Materials Chemistry of Cellulose, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University

Subjects
CONVERSION, EFFICIENCY, ALGINATE FILMS, HYDROGELS, PHOTOPRODUCTION, CELLULOSE NANOFIBRILS, CYANOBACTERIA
Abstract

openaire: EC/H2020/899576/EU//FuturoLEAF This research was financially supported by the NordForsk NCoE program “NordAqua” (project 82845), the Academy of Finland (AlgaLEAF, project no. 322752, 322754 and 322755). This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 899576. The work is a part of the Academy of Finland's Flagship Programme under Projects No. 318890 and 318891 (Competence Center for Materials Bioeconomy, FinnCERES). Dr Suvi Arola was supported by the Academy of Finland postdoctoral fellow grant no 311608 and 326262. We are thankful to Dr Valentina Guccini for help in AFM imaging. Cell immobilization is a promising approach to create efficient photosynthetic cell factories for sustainable chemical production. Here, we demonstrate a novel photosynthetic solid-state cell factory design for sustainable biocatalytic ethylene production. We entrapped cyanobacteria within never-dried hydrogel films of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TCNF) cross-linked with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to create a self-standing matrix architecture. The matrix is operational in the challenging submerged conditions and outperforms existing alginate-based solutions in terms of wet strength, long-term cell fitness, and stability. Based on rheological investigations, the critical strength of wet TCNF matrices is three times higher than in the existing immobilization matrices of alginate cross-linked with Ca2+. This is due to the rigid nature of the colloidal nanofiber network and the strong cross-linking with PVA, as opposed to polymeric alginate with reversible ionic Ca2+ bonds. The porous and hygroscopic nanofiber network also shields the cyanobacterial cells from environmental stress, maintaining photosynthetic activity during partial drying of films, and when submerged in the nutrient medium for long-term cultivation. Finally, TCNF matrices allow the ethylene-producing Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 cells to operate in submerged conditions under high inorganic carbon loads (200 mM NaHCO3), where Ca2+-alginate matrices fail. The latter show severe cell leakage due to matrix disintegration already within 20 min of NaHCO3 supplementation. In contrast, TCNF-based matrices prevent cell leakage to the medium and restrict culture growth, leading to improved ethylene production yields. Furthermore, the operational capacity of the self-standing TNCF cell factory can be maintained long-term by periodically refreshing the nutrient medium. All in all, the results showcase the versatility and potential of cell immobilization with the never-dried colloidal TCNF matrix, paving the way towards novel biotechnological pathways using solid-state cell factories designed for efficient and sustainable production of e.g., monomers and fuels.

Published
2021

13. Infant motor development and physical activity and sedentary time at midlife

Author

Karppanen, A.-K. (Anna-Kaisa), Hurtig, T. (Tuula), Miettunen, J. (Jouko), Niemelä, M. (Maisa), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), and Korpelainen, R. (Raija)

Subjects
accelerometer, locomotor development, early life, middle-aged
Abstract

This study investigated whether the timing of infant motor development is associated with self-reported and accelerometer-measured physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (ST) in midlife. This population-based study consisted of 4098 people born in 1966 in Northern Finland (NFBC 1966). Data on nine infant motor developmental milestones included making sounds, holding up the head, grabbing objects, turning from back to tummy, sitting without support, standing with support, walking with support, standing without support, and walking without support. At the age of 46, PA at leisure time and sitting time was self-reported. PA and ST were also measured with a wrist-worn Polar Active accelerometer that was instructed to be worn on the non-dominant hand 24 h/d for 14 days. A multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the association between infant motor development and PA and ST in midlife. Later infant motor development was weakly associated with higher accelerometer-measured light PA, but not with moderate-to-vigorous PA. Later infant locomotor development was associated with lower accelerometer-measured ST (β −0.07, p = 0.012) and lower self-reported sitting time at work (β −0.06, p = 0.004) in women. In conclusion, later infant motor development was associated with higher light PA and lower sedentary time at middle age. PA is a multifactorial behavior influenced by various factors from early childhood to midlife. Further research is required before more general conclusions can be drawn.

Published
2021

14. Systematic evaluation of the association between hemoglobin levels and metabolic profile implicates beneficial effects of hypoxia

Author

Auvinen, J. (Juha), Tapio, J. (Joona), Karhunen, V. (Ville), Kettunen, J. (Johannes), Serpi, R. (Raisa), Dimova, E. Y. (Elitsa Y.), Gill, D. (Dipender), Soininen, P. (Pasi), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Mykkänen, J. (Juha), Puukka, K. (Katri), Kähönen, M. (Mika), Raitoharju, E. (Emma), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Ala-Korpela, M. (Mika), Raitakari, O. T. (Olli T.), Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S. (Sirkka), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Koivunen, P. (Peppi), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Tapio, J. (Joona), Karhunen, V. (Ville), Kettunen, J. (Johannes), Serpi, R. (Raisa), Dimova, E. Y. (Elitsa Y.), Gill, D. (Dipender), Soininen, P. (Pasi), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Mykkänen, J. (Juha), Puukka, K. (Katri), Kähönen, M. (Mika), Raitoharju, E. (Emma), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Ala-Korpela, M. (Mika), Raitakari, O. T. (Olli T.), Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S. (Sirkka), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), and Koivunen, P. (Peppi)

Abstract

Activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway reprograms energy metabolism. Hemoglobin (Hb) is the main carrier of oxygen. Using its normal variation as a surrogate measure for hypoxia, we explored whether lower Hb levels could lead to healthier metabolic profiles in mice and humans (nn = 7175) and used Mendelian randomization (MR) to evaluate potential causality (n = 173,480). The results showed evidence for lower Hb levels being associated with lower body mass index, better glucose tolerance and other metabolic profiles, lower inflammatory load, and blood pressure. Expression of the key HIF target genes SLC2A4 and Slc2a1 in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, respectively, associated with systolic blood pressure in MR analyses and body weight, liver weight, and adiposity in mice. Last, manipulation of murine Hb levels mediated changes to key metabolic parameters. In conclusion, low-end normal Hb levels may be favorable for metabolic health involving mild chronic activation of the HIF response.

Published
2021

17. Is it good to be good?:dispositional compassion and health behaviors

Author

Gluschkoff, K. (Kia), Pulkki-Råback, L. (Laura), Elovainio, M. (Marko), Saarinen, A. (Aino), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Hirvensalo, M. (Mirja), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Keltikangas-Järvinen, L. (Liisa), Raitakari, O. (Olli), and Hintsanen, M. (Mirka)

Subjects
animal structures, Physical activity, Compassion, Smoking, Alcohol consumption, Health behaviors
Abstract

Background/Objectives: Despite the documented importance of dispositional compassions for a range of health-related outcomes, its role in predicting health behaviors remains unclear. Purpose: This study examined the associations between dispositional compassion and three domains of health behavior, including physical activity, alcohol use, and smoking. Methods: The participants (N = 1,279–1,913) were from the Finnish population-based Young Finns study. We collected self-reports of compassion in 1997 and 2011 and health behaviors in 2001, 2007, and 2011. In addition, an objective pedometer measure of physical activity was collected in 2011. Linear and logistic regression models were fitted to estimate the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between compassion and the health behavior outcomes. Results: In a cross-sectional analysis, compassion was associated with having never smoked and a reduced likelihood of at-risk alcohol use and binge drinking. There was no robust association between compassion and physical activity. In longitudinal analyses over a 14-year period, the associations remained for at-risk alcohol use and binge drinking. Conclusions: Dispositional compassion may have a protective effect against unhealthy behaviors, especially excessive alcohol consumption.

Published
2019

18. Prolonged bouts of sedentary time and cardiac autonomic function in midlife

Author

Niemelä, M. (Maisa), Kiviniemi, A. (Antti), Kangas, M. (Maarit), Farrahi, V. (Vahid), Leinonen, A. (Anna‐Maiju), Ahola, R. (Riikka), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Puukka, K. (Katri), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Korpelainen, R. (Raija), Jämsä, T. (Timo), Niemelä, M. (Maisa), Kiviniemi, A. (Antti), Kangas, M. (Maarit), Farrahi, V. (Vahid), Leinonen, A. (Anna‐Maiju), Ahola, R. (Riikka), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Puukka, K. (Katri), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Korpelainen, R. (Raija), and Jämsä, T. (Timo)

Abstract

Excessive sedentary time (SED) and long SED bouts are associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and increased mortality. Low heart rate variability (HRV), indicating autonomic dysfunction, increases mortality and CVD morbidity. Information about the association between prolonged SED and HRV is lacking. The aim was to assess the relationship between SED bouts and HRV. Physical activity (PA), SED, HRV, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were collected from a birth‐cohort sample (n = 4150) at 46 years. PA and SED were measured for 14 days with an activity monitor (Polar Active, Polar Electro, Finland). SED accumulating in bouts of at least 30 and 60 minutes (SED30, SED60) was calculated. Linear regression was used to study the relationship between prolonged SED and HRV accounting for CRF, PA, and health covariates. Higher SED60 and in women SED30 were associated with higher root mean square of differences in R‐R intervals (rMSSD) after adjustments (β = .082‐.104). In women, higher SED60 was associated with lower ratio between low‐ and high‐frequency powers (β = −.060). Sedentary bouts were not associated with resting HR or post‐exercise HR recovery. A positive relationship between SED bouts and rMSSD independent of PA and CRF was found, prolonged SED being positively associated with cardiac parasympathetic activity in midlife.

Published
2019

19. Physical activity, sleep, and symptoms of depression in adults:testing for mediation

Author

Kaseva, K. (Kaisa), Dobewall, H. (Henrik), Yang, X. (Xiaolin), Pulkki-Råback, L. (Laura), Lipsanen, J. (Jari), Hintsa, T. (Taina), Hintsanen, M. (Mirka), Puttonen, S. (Sampsa), Hirvensalo, M. (Mirja), Elovainio, M. (Marko), Raitakari, O. (Olli), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Kaseva, K. (Kaisa), Dobewall, H. (Henrik), Yang, X. (Xiaolin), Pulkki-Råback, L. (Laura), Lipsanen, J. (Jari), Hintsa, T. (Taina), Hintsanen, M. (Mirka), Puttonen, S. (Sampsa), Hirvensalo, M. (Mirja), Elovainio, M. (Marko), Raitakari, O. (Olli), and Tammelin, T. (Tuija)

Abstract

Purpose: Physical activity, sleep problems, and symptoms of depression contribute to overall well-being. The factors are reciprocally associated, but the nature of these associations remains unclear. The present study examined whether sleep problems mediated the association between physical activity and depressive symptoms. Methods: The eligible population (n = 3596) consisted of adults from the ongoing, population-based Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study started in 1980. Participants’ leisure-time physical activity was assessed with physical activity index (2007) and sleep problems with Jenkins’ Sleep Questionnaire in 2007 and 2011. Depressive symptoms were measured using modified Beck Depression Inventory in 2007 and 2012, from which the items reflecting sleep problems were excluded. Mediation analyses, through which the associations between the variables were examined, were adjusted for sex and a set of health-related covariates assessed in 2007 and 2011. Results: Physical activity was associated with decreased levels of sleep problems and depressive symptoms (P < 0.05). The association between physical activity and depressive symptoms (b = −0.10, P < 0.01) was partly mediated by sleep problems (proportion mediated = 0.36, P < 0.01). The adjustment for depressive symptoms at baseline attenuated the mediation effect (proportion mediated = 0.30, P > 0.05). Conclusions: Physical activity’s favorable contribution to depressive symptoms was mediated partly by sleep, but the mediation effect disappeared after adjusting for the previous depressive symptoms in adulthood.

Published
2019

20. Dose-response relation of self-reported and accelerometer-measured physical activity to perceived health in middle age:the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study

Author

Niemelä, M. S. (Maisa S.), Kangas, M. (Maarit), Ahola, R. J. (Riikka J.), Auvinen, J. P. (Juha P.), Leinonen, A.-M. (Anna-Maiju), Tammelin, T. H. (Tuija H.), Vaaramo, E. S. (Eeva S.), Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S. M. (Sirkka M.), Korpelainen, R. I. (Raija I.), Jämsä, T. J. (Timo J.), Niemelä, M. S. (Maisa S.), Kangas, M. (Maarit), Ahola, R. J. (Riikka J.), Auvinen, J. P. (Juha P.), Leinonen, A.-M. (Anna-Maiju), Tammelin, T. H. (Tuija H.), Vaaramo, E. S. (Eeva S.), Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S. M. (Sirkka M.), Korpelainen, R. I. (Raija I.), and Jämsä, T. J. (Timo J.)

Abstract

Background: Regular physical activity (PA) promotes health and decreases mortality. The positive relationship between PA and perceived health (PH) is well known. However, previous research in the field has often used self-reported PA measures. The aim of this population-based NFBC1966 birth cohort study was to assess the relationship between both self-reported and objectively measured PA and PH in midlife. Methods: A sample group of 6384 participants (2878 men, 3506 women, response rate 62%) aged 46 completed a questionnaire on PH and health behaviors, including items on weekly leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and daily sitting time (ST). PH was dichotomized as good (very good or good) and other (fair, poor, or very poor). PA was measured with a wrist-worn Polar Active (Polar Electro, Finland) accelerometer for 14 days (n = 5481, 98%) and expressed as daily average time spent in moderate to vigorous intensity PA (MVPA). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals for good PH were calculated using binary logistic regression and adjusted for relevant demographic, socioeconomic, and health characteristics, and ST. Results: The level of PA was positively associated with PH after adjustments with covariates and ST. There was a dose-response relationship across the PA quartiles according to the adjusted multivariable models. Self-reported LTPA was more strongly associated with good PH (OR from 1.72 to 4.33 compared to lowest PA quartile) than objectively measured PA (OR from 1.37 to 1.66 compared to lowest PA quartile). Conclusions: In this large population-based birth cohort study, we for the first time show a positive dose-response relationship of both self-reported and objectively measured PA to PH, the relationship being stronger for self-reported LTPA. Despite the cross-sectional design of this study, the results from this large sample suggest that both self-reported and objectively measured physical activity are strongly associated with PH, which is

Published
2019

21. Koulupäivän aikainen liikunta ja oppiminen:tilannekatsaus tammikuu 2018

Author

Kantomaa, M. (Marko), Syväoja, H. (Heidi), Sneck, S. (Sirpa), Jaakkola, T. (Timo), Pyhältö, K. (Kirsi), and Tammelin, T. (Tuija)

Subjects
nuoret, oppiminen, oppimisen mahdollistavat tekijät, liikunta, kognitiivinen toiminta, koulupäivä, fyysinen aktiivisuus, lapset
Abstract

Tiivistelmä Tässä katsauksessa tarkastellaan koulupäivän aikaisen liikunnan vaikutuksia lasten oppimiseen ja koulumenestykseen. Katsauksen pohjana ovat vuosina 1990–2016 tiedelehdissä julkaistut tutkimukset. Koulupäivän aikaisen liikunnan on havaittu vaikuttavan myönteisesti lasten oppimiseen. Tutkimuksissa erityisesti oppitunnin aikainen tauko ja opetukseen integroitu liikunta ovat olleet yhteydessä hyviin oppimistuloksiin. Koulupäivän aikainen liikunta näyttäisi myös vahvistavan lasten tiedollista toimintaa, etenkin toiminnanohjausta, kuten inhibitiota (käyttäytymisen ja reaktioiden säätelyä), tarkkaavaisuutta ja työmuistia. Koulupäivän aikaisella liikunnalla on myös myönteisiä vaikutuksia oppimisen mahdollistaviin tekijöihin, kuten tehtäviin keskittymiseen, käyttäytymiseen ja viihtyvyyteen. Tutkimusten perusteella koulupäivän aikaisen liikunnan ja koulumenestyksen välinen yhteys on vahva, mutta syy-seuraussuhteesta ei ole selkeää näyttöä. Useimmissa tutkimuksissa eihavaittu välituntien yhteyttä koulumenestykseen. Koulumatkojen osalta tutkimustietoa on vähän, ja liikuntatuntien osalta tulokset ovat osin epäjohdonmukaisia. Koulupäivän aikaisen liikunnan vaikutuksista oppimiseen tarvitaankin lisää laadukasta tutkimusta. Erityisesti tarvitaan tutkimuksia, joissa on satunnaisesti valitut koe- ja vertailuryhmät sekä tarpeeksi pitkä interventio- ja seurantajakso liikunnan oppimisvaikutusten selvittämiseksi. Myös toiminnallisen pedagogiikan vaikutuksista oppimiseen tarvitaan lisää tietoa: millainen toiminnallinen oppiminen edistää parhaiten oppimista ja millaista oppimista? Tähänastisen tutkimuksenperusteella näyttää siltä, että liikunnan avulla voidaan tukea strategista oppimista, esimerkiksi ajattelun, motivaation, tunteiden ja käyttäytymisen arvioimista ja säätelyä. Liikunnan anatomiset ja fysiologiset vaikutukset ulottuvat koko kehon lisäksi aivoihin: liikunta lisää aivojen tilavuutta ja aktiivisuutta erityisesti niillä aivoalueilla, joissa muisti ja toiminnanohjaus toimivat. Liikunnan aikaansaamat muutokset aivojen rakenteissa ja toiminnassa luovat lisää mahdollisuuksia oppimiseen. Motoriset ja tiedolliset taidot kehittyvät käsi kädessä, sillä samat keskushermoston mekanismit vastaavat rinnakkain sekä motoristen että tiedollisten taitojen ohjauksesta. Monipuolinen liikunta tukee tätä kokonaisuutta edistämällä neuromotorista kehitystä ja motoristen taitojen oppimista. Motorisen oppimisen tukeminen tulisikin huomioida etenkin tukea tarvitsevien lasten liikunnassa ja oppimisessa. Parhaimmillaan liikunta tarjoaa mahdollisuuksia sosiaaliseen vuorovaikutukseen ja sosiaalisten taitojen oppimiseen. Myönteinen ilmapiiri ja toimivat vertaissuhteet edistävät oppilaiden jaksamista ja koulumenestystä. Koulupäivän aikainen liikunta voi tukea kouluruokailusuositusten toteutumista sekä pidentää yöunen kestoa ja parantaa unen laatua, ja edistää siten oppimista ja koulumenestystä. Lähes kaikki lapset suorittavat oppivelvollisuutensa koulussa ja viettävät siellä suuren osan arkipäiväänsä. Koulu tarjoaakin otolliset mahdollisuudet sisällyttää liikunta osaksi pedagogisia ratkaisuja ja tukea sitä kautta jokaisen lapsen ja nuoren oppimista, taustasta riippumatta.

Published
2018

22. Global Matrix 3.0 physical activity Report Card grades for children and youth: Results and analysis from 49 countries

Author

Aubert, S, Barnes, JD, Abdeta, C, Nader, PA, Adeniyi, AF, Aguilar-Farias, N, Tenesaca, DSA, Bhawra, J, Brazo-Sayavera, J, Cardon, G, Chang, CK, Delisle Nyström, C, Demetriou, Y, Draper, CE, Edwards, L, Emeljanovas, A, Gába, A, Galaviz, KI, González, SA, Herrera-Cuenca, M, Huang, WY, Ibrahim, IAE, Jürimäe, J, Kämppi, K, Katapally, TR, Katewongsa, P, Katzmarzyk, PT, Khan, A, Korcz, A, Kim, YS, Lambert, E, Lee, EY, Löf, M, Loney, T, López-Taylor, J, Liu, Y, Makaza, D, Manyanga, T, Mileva, B, Morrison, SA, Mota, J, Nyawornota, VK, Ocansey, R, Reilly, JJ, Roman-Viñas, B, Silva, DAS, Saonuam, P, Scriven, J, Seghers, J, Schranz, N, Skovgaard, T, Smith, M, Standage, M, Starc, G, Stratton, G, Subedi, N, Takken, T, Tammelin, T, Tanaka, C, Thivel, D, Tladi, D, Tyler, R, Uddin, Riaz, Williams, A, Wong, SHS, Wu, CL, Zembura, P, Tremblay, MS, Aubert, S, Barnes, JD, Abdeta, C, Nader, PA, Adeniyi, AF, Aguilar-Farias, N, Tenesaca, DSA, Bhawra, J, Brazo-Sayavera, J, Cardon, G, Chang, CK, Delisle Nyström, C, Demetriou, Y, Draper, CE, Edwards, L, Emeljanovas, A, Gába, A, Galaviz, KI, González, SA, Herrera-Cuenca, M, Huang, WY, Ibrahim, IAE, Jürimäe, J, Kämppi, K, Katapally, TR, Katewongsa, P, Katzmarzyk, PT, Khan, A, Korcz, A, Kim, YS, Lambert, E, Lee, EY, Löf, M, Loney, T, López-Taylor, J, Liu, Y, Makaza, D, Manyanga, T, Mileva, B, Morrison, SA, Mota, J, Nyawornota, VK, Ocansey, R, Reilly, JJ, Roman-Viñas, B, Silva, DAS, Saonuam, P, Scriven, J, Seghers, J, Schranz, N, Skovgaard, T, Smith, M, Standage, M, Starc, G, Stratton, G, Subedi, N, Takken, T, Tammelin, T, Tanaka, C, Thivel, D, Tladi, D, Tyler, R, Uddin, Riaz, Williams, A, Wong, SHS, Wu, CL, Zembura, P, and Tremblay, MS

Published
2018

23. Preterm birth and parental and pregnancy related factors in association with physical activity and fitness in adolescence and young adulthood

Author

Kajantie, E. (Eero), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Vääräsmäki, M. (Marja), Tikanmäki, M. (Marjaana), Kajantie, E. (Eero), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Vääräsmäki, M. (Marja), and Tikanmäki, M. (Marjaana)

Abstract

A low level of physical activity and poor physical fitness are important risk factors of chronic non-communicable diseases and all-cause mortality. Much of the risk of these diseases originates in fetal life. The associations of early-life determinants with physical activity and fitness later in life are as yet not well studied. The aim of this work was to investigate early-life factors as predictors of physical activity and fitness in adolescence and young adulthood. We assessed a wide range of parental and pregnancy-related factors in 16-year-old adolescent participants of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (n=7,344), and focused on the long-term consequences of preterm birth in the 23-year-old adult participants of the ESTER study (n=1,161). Prenatal and parental predictors of low physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescence included high gestational age-related birth weight as well as parental overweight or obesity. Also, both short and long gestational lengths were associated with lower physical activity, and maternal gestational diabetes mellitus and smoking during pregnancy were associated with lower cardiorespiratory fitness. Young adults born before 34 weeks of gestation reported substantially less leisure-time physical activity than those born at term, although this was not detected by accelerometer measurement. Those born preterm had lower muscular fitness, as individuals born before 37 weeks were able to perform fewer modified push-ups, and those born before 34 weeks had lower handgrip strength, but no difference was observed in cardiorespiratory fitness. Based on questionnaire data, young adults born before 34 weeks perceived themselves to be less fit than their term-born peers. Most individuals exposed to preterm birth or maternal gestational disorders are relatively healthy when reaching adulthood. However, their lower levels of physical activity and physical fitness compared with their peers born at term may contribute, Tiivistelmä Vähäinen fyysinen aktiivisuus ja heikko fyysinen kunto ovat merkittäviä kroonisten sairauksien ja ennenaikaisen kuoleman riskitekijöitä. Jo sikiökautisten tekijöiden tiedetään vaikuttavan syntyvän lapsen kroonisten sairauksien riskiin myöhemmin elämässä, mutta elämän varhaisvaiheen tekijöiden yhteyttä myöhempään fyysiseen aktiivisuuteen ja kuntoon on tutkittu verrattain vähän. Väitöstutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää elämän varhaisvaiheen tekijöiden yhteyttä fyysiseen aktiivisuuteen ja kuntoon nuoruusiässä ja nuorena aikuisena. Tarkastelimme useiden vanhempiin ja raskausaikaan liittyvien tekijöiden vaikutuksia Pohjois-Suomen syntymäkohortti 1986 16-vuotistutkimuksessa (n=7344) ja keskityimme ennenaikaisen syntymän pitkäaikaisvaikutuksiin ESTER-tutkimuksen 23-vuotiaiden nuorten aikuisten aineistossa (n=1161). Tutkimustulostemme mukaan raskauden kestoon suhteutettu suuri syntymäpaino sekä vanhempien ylipaino tai lihavuus ennustivat vähäisempää liikunta-aktiivisuutta ja heikompaa kestävyyskuntoa nuoruusiässä. Sekä keskimääräistä lyhyempi että pidempi raskaudenkesto olivat yhteydessä vähäisempään liikunta-aktiivisuuteen ja äidin raskausdiabetes ja tupakointi raskauden aikana puolestaan heikompaan kestävyyskuntoon. Alle 34-viikkoisena syntyneet raportoivat liikkuvansa nuorena aikuisena vapaa-aikanaan huomattavasti vähemmän kuin täysiaikaisena syntyneet, vaikka eroa ei kiihtyvyysantureilla mitattuna fyysisessä aktiivisuudessa havaittukaan. Verrattuna täysiaikaisena syntyneisiin, ennenaikaisesti syntyneillä aikuisilla oli heikompi lihaskunto etunojapunnerrustestillä mitattuna ja hyvin ennenaikaisesti syntyneillä käden puristusvoima oli heikompi. Kestävyyskunnossa ei havaittu eroja. Hyvin ennenaikaisesti syntyneet myös arvioivat fyysisen kuntonsa huonommaksi kuin täysiaikaisena syntyneet ikätoverinsa. Vaikka valtaosa ennenaikaisena syntyneistä ja äidin raskaudenaikaisille sairauksille altistuneista on aikuisena varsin terveitä, liikunnan vähäisyys ja heikko f

Published
2018

24. Prenatal determinants of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescence:Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 study

Author

Tikanmäki, M. (Marjaana), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Vääräsmäki, M. (Marja), Sipola-Leppänen, M. (Marika), Miettola, S. (Satu), Pouta, A. (Anneli), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), and Kajantie, E. (Eero)

Abstract

Background: Lower levels of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness are key risk factors of chronic adult diseases. Physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness are predicted by birth weight, but the underlying parental and pregnancy-related factors remain largely unknown. We examined how prenatal determinants are associated with physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescence. Methods: Of the 16-year-old members of the population-based Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (NFBC 1986), 6682 singletons with no major physical disability reported their amount of physical activity outside school hours, and 4706 completed a submaximal cycle ergometer test assessing cardiorespiratory fitness. Physical activity was expressed as metabolic equivalent hours per week (METh/week) and cardiorespiratory fitness as peak oxygen uptake (ml·kg−1·min−1). Prenatal determinants included birth weight, length of gestation, mother’s and father’s body mass index (BMI), maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and maternal hypertension and smoking during pregnancy. Data were analyzed by multiple linear regression. Results: A higher birth weight and longer length of gestation predicted lower levels of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness at 16 years, although the association between length of gestation and physical activity was inverse U-shaped. Mother’s or father’s overweight or obesity before pregnancy were associated with lower levels of their offspring’s physical activity and fitness in adolescence. Adjusting for maternal pregnancy disorders and the adolescent’s own BMI attenuated the associations with the mother’s but not the father’s overweight/obesity. Furthermore, maternal GDM predicted lower cardiorespiratory fitness. Conclusions: A high birth weight and parental overweight/obesity are associated with lower levels of both physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescence, while maternal GDM and longer length of gestation are associated with lower cardiorespiratory fitness. Both long and short lengths of gestation predict low physical activity.

Published
2017

26. Fitness, fatness, physical activity, and autonomic function in midlife

Author

Kiviniemi, A. M. (Antti M.), Perkiömäki, N. (Nelli), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Niemelä, M. (Maisa), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Puukka, K. (Katri), Ruokonen, A. (Aimo), Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S. (Sirkka), Tulppo, M. P. (Mikko P.), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Jämsä, T. (Timo), Huikuri, H. V. (Heikki V.), Korpelainen, R. (Raija), Kiviniemi, A. M. (Antti M.), Perkiömäki, N. (Nelli), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Niemelä, M. (Maisa), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Puukka, K. (Katri), Ruokonen, A. (Aimo), Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S. (Sirkka), Tulppo, M. P. (Mikko P.), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Jämsä, T. (Timo), Huikuri, H. V. (Heikki V.), and Korpelainen, R. (Raija)

Abstract

Purpose: Although low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), physical inactivity, and obesity are associated with impaired autonomic function, they are also extensively interrelated. The present study aimed to assess the extent to which they contribute to autonomic function independently of each other. Methods: At the age of 46 yr, 1383 men and 1761 women without cardiorespiratory diseases and diabetes underwent assessments of vagally mediated heart rate (HR) variability (root mean square of successive differences in R-R interval (rMMSD)), peak HR during a submaximal step test (CRF), and 60-s HR recovery (HRR). Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA; ≥3.5 METs, 2 wk) was measured by wrist-worn accelerometer and body fat percentage (Fat%) by bioimpedance Results: In men, CRF and Fat% were significantly associated with higher rMSSD (standardized β = 0.31 and -0.16) and HRR (β = 0.19 and -0.18), whereas higher MVPA was linked with higher HRR (β = 0.13) when including CRF, MVPA, and Fat% in the initial regression. After adjustments for other lifestyle and cardiometabolic factors, CRF remained significantly associated with rMMSD (β = 0.24) and HRR (β = 0.14), as did MVPA with HRR (β = 0.11). In women, CRF was associated with rMSSD (β = 0.23) and HRR (β = 0.15), and MVPA (β = 0.17) and Fat% (β = -0.07) with HRR, when CRF, MVPA, and Fat% were adjusted for each other. After further adjustments, CRF remained a significant determinant of rMSSD (β = 0.20) and HRR (β = 0.13), as did MVPA with HRR (β = 0.15). The final models explained 23% and 21% of variation in rMSSD and HRR in men, and 10% and 12% in women, respectively. Conclusions: CRF was a more important determinant of cardiac autonomic function than MVPA and body fat. Furthermore, MVPA but not body fat was independently associated with cardiac autonomic function in both men and women.

Published
2017

27. Genome-wide physical activity interactions in adiposity ― A meta-analysis of 200,452 adults

Author

Graff, M.J. (Maud J.L.), Scott, R.A. (Robert), Justice, A.E. (Anne), Young, K.L. (Kristin L.), Feitosa, M.F. (Mary Furlan), Barata, L. (Llilda), Winkler, T.W. (Thomas W.), Chu, A.Y. (Audrey), Mahajan, A. (Anubha), Hadley, D. (David), Xue, L. (Luting), Workalemahu, T. (Tsegaselassie), Heard-Costa, N.L. (Nancy), Hoed, M. (Marcel) den, Ahluwalia, T.S. (Tarunveer Singh), Qi, Q., Ngwa, J.S., Renström, F. (Frida), Quaye, L. (Lydia), Eicher, J.D. (John D.), Hayes, J.E. (James E.), Cornelis, M. (Marilyn), Kutalik, Z. (Zoltán), Lim, E. (Elise), Luan, J. (Jian'An), Huffman, J.E. (Jennifer), Zhang, W. (Weihua), Zhao, W. (Wei), Griffin, P.J. (Paula J.), Haller, T. (Toomas), Ahmad, S. (Shafqat), Marques-Vidal, P. (Pedro), Bien, S. (Stephanie), Yengo, L. (Loic), Teumer, A. (Alexander), Smith, A.V. (Albert Vernon), Kumari, M. (Meena), Harder, M.N. (Marie Neergaard), Justesen, J.M. (Johanne M.), Kleber, M.E. (Marcus), Hollensted, M. (Mette), Lohman, K. (Kurt), Rivera, N.V. (Natalia), Whitfield, J.B. (John B.), Zhao, J.H. (Jing Hua), Stringham, H.M. (Heather), Lyytikäinen, L.-P. (Leo-Pekka), Huppertz, C. (Charlotte), Willemsen, G.A.H.M. (Gonneke), Peyrot, W.J. (Wouter ), Wu, Y. (Ying), Kristiansson, K. (Kati), Demirkan, A. (Ayşe), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Hassinen, M. (Maija), Bielak, L.F. (Lawrence F.), Cadby, G. (Gemma), Tanaka, T. (Toshiko), Mägi, R. (Reedik), Most, P.J. (Peter) van der, Jackson, A.U. (Anne), Bragg-Gresham, J.L. (Jennifer L.), Vitart, V. (Veronique), Marten, J. (Jonathan), Navarro, P. (Pau), Bellis, C. (Claire), Pasko, D. (Dorota), Johansson, Å. (Åsa), Snitker, S. (Soren), Cheng, Y.-C. (Yu-Ching), Eriksson, J. (Joel), Lim, U. (Unhee), Aadahl, M. (Mette), Adair, L.S. (Linda), Amin, N. (Najaf), Balkau, B. (Beverley), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Beilby, J.P. (John), Bergman, R.N. (Richard N.), Bergmann, S.M. (Sven), Bertoni, A.G. (Alain G.), Blangero, J. (John), Bonnefond, A. (Amélie), Bonnycastle, L.L. (Lori), Borja, J.B. (Judith), Brage, S. (Soren), Busonero, F., Buyske, S. (Steven), Campbell, H. (Harry), Chines, P.S. (Peter), Collins, F.S. (Francis), Corre, T. (Tanguy), Smith, G.D. (George Davey), Delgado, G., Dueker, N. (Nicole), Dörr, M. (Marcus), Ebeling, T. (Tapani), Eiriksdottir, G. (Gudny), Esko, T. (Tõnu), Faul, J.D. (Jessica D.), Fu, M. (Mao), Færch, K. (Kristine), Gieger, C. (Christian), Gläser, S., Gong, J. (Jian), Gordon-Larsen, P. (Penny), Grallert, H. (Harald), Grammer, T.B. (Tanja B), Grarup, N. (Niels), Grootheest, G. (Gerard) van, Harald, K. (Kennet), Hastie, N. (Nick), Havulinna, A.S. (Aki), Hernandez, D.G. (Dena), Hindorff, L.A. (Lucia A), Hocking, L.J. (Lynne), Holmens, O.L. (Oddgeir L.), Holzapfel, C. (Christina), Hottenga, J.J. (Jouke Jan), Huang, J. (Jian), Huang, T. (Tao), Hui, J. (Jennie), Huth, C. (Cornelia), Hutri-Kähönen, N. (Nina), James, A. (Alan), Jansson, J.-O. (John-Olov), Jhun, M.A. (Min A.), Juonala, M. (Markus), Kinnunen, L. (Leena), Koistinen, H. (Heikki), Kolcic, I. (Ivana), Komulainen, P. (Pirjo), Kuusisto, J. (Johanna), Kvaløy, K. (Kirsti), Kähönen, M. (Mika), Lakka, T.A. (Timo), Launer, L.J. (Lenore), Lehne, B. (Benjamin), Lindgren, C.M. (Cecilia M.), Lorentzon, M. (Mattias), Luben, R.N. (Robert), Marre, M. (Michel), Milaneschi, Y. (Yuri), Monda, K.L. (Keri), Montgomery, G.W. (Grant W.), Moor, M.H.M. de, Mulas, A. (Antonella), Müller-Nurasyid, M. (Martina), Musk, A.W., Männikkö, R. (Reija), Männistö, S. (Satu), Narisu, N. (Narisu), Nauck, M. (Matthias), Nettleton, J.A. (Jennifer ), Nolte, I.M. (Ilja M.), Oldehinkel, A.J. (Albertine), Olden, M. (Matthias), Ong, K.K. (Ken K.), Padmanabhan, S. (Sandosh), Paternoster, L. (Lavinia), Perez, J. (Jeremiah), Perola, M. (Markus), Peters, A. (Annette), Peters, U. (Ulrike), Peyser, P.A. (Patricia A.), Prokopenko, I. (Inga), Puolijoki, H. (Hannu), Raitakari, O.T. (Olli T.), Rankinen, T. (Tuomo), Rasmussen-Torvik, L.J. (Laura J.), Rawal, R. (Rajesh), Ridker, P.M. (Paul), Rose, L.M. (Lynda), Rudan, I. (Igor), Sarti, C. (Cinzia), Sarzynski, M.A. (Mark A.), Savonen, K. (Kai), Scott, W.R. (William R.), Sanna, S. (Serena), Shuldiner, A.R. (Alan), Sidney, S. (Steve), Silbernagel, G. (Günther), Smith, B.H., Smith, J.A. (Jennifer A), Snieder, H. (Harold), Stancáková, A. (Alena), Sternfeld, B. (Barbara), Swift, A.J. (Amy), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Tan, S.-T. (Sian-Tsung), Thorand, B. (Barbara), Thuillier, D. (Dorothee), Vandenput, L. (Liesbeth), Vestergaard, H. (Henrik), Vliet-Ostaptchouk, J.V. (Jana) van, Vohl, M.-C. (Marie-Claude), Völker, U. (Uwe), Waeber, G. (Gérard), Walker, M. (Mark), Wild, S. (Sarah), Wong, A. (Andrew), Wright, A.F. (Alan), Zillikens, M.C. (Carola), Zubair, N. (Niha), Haiman, C.A. (Christopher), LeMarchand, L. (Loic), Gyllensten, U. (Ulf), Ohlsson, C. (Claes), Hofman, A. (Albert), Rivadeneira Ramirez, F. (Fernando), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Perusse, L. (Louis), Wilson, J.F. (James), Hayward, C. (Caroline), Polasek, O. (Ozren), Cucca, F. (Francesco), Hveem, K. (Kristian), Hartman, C.A. (Catharina A.), Tönjes, A. (Anke), Bandinelli, S. (Stefania), Palmer, L.J. (Lyle J.), Kardia, S.L.R. (Sharon L. R.), Rauramaa, R. (Rainer), Sørensen, T.I.A. (Thorkild), Tuomilehto, J. (Jaakko), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Penninx, B.W.J.H. (Brenda), Geus, E.J.C. (Eco) de, Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Mangino, M. (Massimo), Laakso, M. (Markku), Bouchard, C. (Claude), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas), Kuh, D. (Diana), Liu, Y. (YongMei), Linneberg, A. (Allan), März, W. (Winfried), Strauch, K. (Konstantin), Kivimaki, M. (Mika), Harris, T.B. (Tamara), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Völzke, H. (Henry), Qi, L. (Lu), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Chambers, J.C. (John), Kooner, J.S. (Jaspal S.), Froguel, P. (Philippe), Kooperberg, C. (Charles), Vollenweider, P. (Peter), Hallmans, G. (Göran), Hansen, T. (T.), Pedersen, O. (Oluf), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Wareham, N.J. (Nick), Langenberg, C. (Claudia), Weir, D.R. (David), Porteous, D.J. (David J.), Boerwinkle, E.A. (Eric), Chasman, D.I. (Daniel), Abecasis, G.R. (Gonçalo R.), Barroso, I.E. (Inês), McCarthy, M.I. (Mark I.), Frayling, T.M. (Timothy), O’Connell, J.R. (Jeffrey R.), Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia) van, Boehnke, M. (Michael), Heid, I.M. (Iris), Mohlke, K.L. (Karen), Strachan, D.P. (David), Fox, C.S. (Caroline), Liu, C.-T. (Ching-Ti), Hirschhorn, J.N. (Joel), Klein, R.J. (Robert J.), Johnson, A.D. (Andrew), Borecki, I.B. (Ingrid), Franks, P.W. (Paul), North, K.E. (Kari), Cupples, L.A. (Adrienne), Loos, R.J.F. (Ruth), Kilpeläinen, T.O. (Tuomas), Graff, M.J. (Maud J.L.), Scott, R.A. (Robert), Justice, A.E. (Anne), Young, K.L. (Kristin L.), Feitosa, M.F. (Mary Furlan), Barata, L. (Llilda), Winkler, T.W. (Thomas W.), Chu, A.Y. (Audrey), Mahajan, A. (Anubha), Hadley, D. (David), Xue, L. (Luting), Workalemahu, T. (Tsegaselassie), Heard-Costa, N.L. (Nancy), Hoed, M. (Marcel) den, Ahluwalia, T.S. (Tarunveer Singh), Qi, Q., Ngwa, J.S., Renström, F. (Frida), Quaye, L. (Lydia), Eicher, J.D. (John D.), Hayes, J.E. (James E.), Cornelis, M. (Marilyn), Kutalik, Z. (Zoltán), Lim, E. (Elise), Luan, J. (Jian'An), Huffman, J.E. (Jennifer), Zhang, W. (Weihua), Zhao, W. (Wei), Griffin, P.J. (Paula J.), Haller, T. (Toomas), Ahmad, S. (Shafqat), Marques-Vidal, P. (Pedro), Bien, S. (Stephanie), Yengo, L. (Loic), Teumer, A. (Alexander), Smith, A.V. (Albert Vernon), Kumari, M. (Meena), Harder, M.N. (Marie Neergaard), Justesen, J.M. (Johanne M.), Kleber, M.E. (Marcus), Hollensted, M. (Mette), Lohman, K. (Kurt), Rivera, N.V. (Natalia), Whitfield, J.B. (John B.), Zhao, J.H. (Jing Hua), Stringham, H.M. (Heather), Lyytikäinen, L.-P. (Leo-Pekka), Huppertz, C. (Charlotte), Willemsen, G.A.H.M. (Gonneke), Peyrot, W.J. (Wouter ), Wu, Y. (Ying), Kristiansson, K. (Kati), Demirkan, A. (Ayşe), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Hassinen, M. (Maija), Bielak, L.F. (Lawrence F.), Cadby, G. (Gemma), Tanaka, T. (Toshiko), Mägi, R. (Reedik), Most, P.J. (Peter) van der, Jackson, A.U. (Anne), Bragg-Gresham, J.L. (Jennifer L.), Vitart, V. (Veronique), Marten, J. (Jonathan), Navarro, P. (Pau), Bellis, C. (Claire), Pasko, D. (Dorota), Johansson, Å. (Åsa), Snitker, S. (Soren), Cheng, Y.-C. (Yu-Ching), Eriksson, J. (Joel), Lim, U. (Unhee), Aadahl, M. (Mette), Adair, L.S. (Linda), Amin, N. (Najaf), Balkau, B. (Beverley), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Beilby, J.P. (John), Bergman, R.N. (Richard N.), Bergmann, S.M. (Sven), Bertoni, A.G. (Alain G.), Blangero, J. (John), Bonnefond, A. (Amélie), Bonnycastle, L.L. (Lori), Borja, J.B. (Judith), Brage, S. (Soren), Busonero, F., Buyske, S. (Steven), Campbell, H. (Harry), Chines, P.S. (Peter), Collins, F.S. (Francis), Corre, T. (Tanguy), Smith, G.D. (George Davey), Delgado, G., Dueker, N. (Nicole), Dörr, M. (Marcus), Ebeling, T. (Tapani), Eiriksdottir, G. (Gudny), Esko, T. (Tõnu), Faul, J.D. (Jessica D.), Fu, M. (Mao), Færch, K. (Kristine), Gieger, C. (Christian), Gläser, S., Gong, J. (Jian), Gordon-Larsen, P. (Penny), Grallert, H. (Harald), Grammer, T.B. (Tanja B), Grarup, N. (Niels), Grootheest, G. (Gerard) van, Harald, K. (Kennet), Hastie, N. (Nick), Havulinna, A.S. (Aki), Hernandez, D.G. (Dena), Hindorff, L.A. (Lucia A), Hocking, L.J. (Lynne), Holmens, O.L. (Oddgeir L.), Holzapfel, C. (Christina), Hottenga, J.J. (Jouke Jan), Huang, J. (Jian), Huang, T. (Tao), Hui, J. (Jennie), Huth, C. (Cornelia), Hutri-Kähönen, N. (Nina), James, A. (Alan), Jansson, J.-O. (John-Olov), Jhun, M.A. (Min A.), Juonala, M. (Markus), Kinnunen, L. (Leena), Koistinen, H. (Heikki), Kolcic, I. (Ivana), Komulainen, P. (Pirjo), Kuusisto, J. (Johanna), Kvaløy, K. (Kirsti), Kähönen, M. (Mika), Lakka, T.A. (Timo), Launer, L.J. (Lenore), Lehne, B. (Benjamin), Lindgren, C.M. (Cecilia M.), Lorentzon, M. (Mattias), Luben, R.N. (Robert), Marre, M. (Michel), Milaneschi, Y. (Yuri), Monda, K.L. (Keri), Montgomery, G.W. (Grant W.), Moor, M.H.M. de, Mulas, A. (Antonella), Müller-Nurasyid, M. (Martina), Musk, A.W., Männikkö, R. (Reija), Männistö, S. (Satu), Narisu, N. (Narisu), Nauck, M. (Matthias), Nettleton, J.A. (Jennifer ), Nolte, I.M. (Ilja M.), Oldehinkel, A.J. (Albertine), Olden, M. (Matthias), Ong, K.K. (Ken K.), Padmanabhan, S. (Sandosh), Paternoster, L. (Lavinia), Perez, J. (Jeremiah), Perola, M. (Markus), Peters, A. (Annette), Peters, U. (Ulrike), Peyser, P.A. (Patricia A.), Prokopenko, I. (Inga), Puolijoki, H. (Hannu), Raitakari, O.T. (Olli T.), Rankinen, T. (Tuomo), Rasmussen-Torvik, L.J. (Laura J.), Rawal, R. (Rajesh), Ridker, P.M. (Paul), Rose, L.M. (Lynda), Rudan, I. (Igor), Sarti, C. (Cinzia), Sarzynski, M.A. (Mark A.), Savonen, K. (Kai), Scott, W.R. (William R.), Sanna, S. (Serena), Shuldiner, A.R. (Alan), Sidney, S. (Steve), Silbernagel, G. (Günther), Smith, B.H., Smith, J.A. (Jennifer A), Snieder, H. (Harold), Stancáková, A. (Alena), Sternfeld, B. (Barbara), Swift, A.J. (Amy), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Tan, S.-T. (Sian-Tsung), Thorand, B. (Barbara), Thuillier, D. (Dorothee), Vandenput, L. (Liesbeth), Vestergaard, H. (Henrik), Vliet-Ostaptchouk, J.V. (Jana) van, Vohl, M.-C. (Marie-Claude), Völker, U. (Uwe), Waeber, G. (Gérard), Walker, M. (Mark), Wild, S. (Sarah), Wong, A. (Andrew), Wright, A.F. (Alan), Zillikens, M.C. (Carola), Zubair, N. (Niha), Haiman, C.A. (Christopher), LeMarchand, L. (Loic), Gyllensten, U. (Ulf), Ohlsson, C. (Claes), Hofman, A. (Albert), Rivadeneira Ramirez, F. (Fernando), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Perusse, L. (Louis), Wilson, J.F. (James), Hayward, C. (Caroline), Polasek, O. (Ozren), Cucca, F. (Francesco), Hveem, K. (Kristian), Hartman, C.A. (Catharina A.), Tönjes, A. (Anke), Bandinelli, S. (Stefania), Palmer, L.J. (Lyle J.), Kardia, S.L.R. (Sharon L. R.), Rauramaa, R. (Rainer), Sørensen, T.I.A. (Thorkild), Tuomilehto, J. (Jaakko), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Penninx, B.W.J.H. (Brenda), Geus, E.J.C. (Eco) de, Boomsma, D.I. (Dorret), Lehtimäki, T. (Terho), Mangino, M. (Massimo), Laakso, M. (Markku), Bouchard, C. (Claude), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas), Kuh, D. (Diana), Liu, Y. (YongMei), Linneberg, A. (Allan), März, W. (Winfried), Strauch, K. (Konstantin), Kivimaki, M. (Mika), Harris, T.B. (Tamara), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Völzke, H. (Henry), Qi, L. (Lu), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Chambers, J.C. (John), Kooner, J.S. (Jaspal S.), Froguel, P. (Philippe), Kooperberg, C. (Charles), Vollenweider, P. (Peter), Hallmans, G. (Göran), Hansen, T. (T.), Pedersen, O. (Oluf), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Wareham, N.J. (Nick), Langenberg, C. (Claudia), Weir, D.R. (David), Porteous, D.J. (David J.), Boerwinkle, E.A. (Eric), Chasman, D.I. (Daniel), Abecasis, G.R. (Gonçalo R.), Barroso, I.E. (Inês), McCarthy, M.I. (Mark I.), Frayling, T.M. (Timothy), O’Connell, J.R. (Jeffrey R.), Duijn, C.M. (Cornelia) van, Boehnke, M. (Michael), Heid, I.M. (Iris), Mohlke, K.L. (Karen), Strachan, D.P. (David), Fox, C.S. (Caroline), Liu, C.-T. (Ching-Ti), Hirschhorn, J.N. (Joel), Klein, R.J. (Robert J.), Johnson, A.D. (Andrew), Borecki, I.B. (Ingrid), Franks, P.W. (Paul), North, K.E. (Kari), Cupples, L.A. (Adrienne), Loos, R.J.F. (Ruth), and Kilpeläinen, T.O. (Tuomas)

Abstract

Physical activity (PA) may modify the genetic effects that give rise to increased risk of obesity. To identify adiposity loci whose effects are modified by PA, we performed genome-wide interaction meta-analyses of BMI and BMI-adjusted waist circumference and waist-hip ratio from up to 200,452 adults of European (n = 180,423) or other ancestry (n = 20,029). We standardized PA by categorizing it into a dichotomous variable where, on average, 23% of participants were categorized as inactive and 77% as physically active. While we replicate the interaction with PA for the strongest known obesity-risk locus in the FTO gene, of which the effect is attenuated by ~30% in physically active individuals compared to inactive individuals, we do not identify additional loci that are sensitive to PA. In additional genome-wide meta-analyses adjusting for PA and interaction with PA, we identify 11 novel adiposity loci, suggesting that accounting for PA or other environmental factors that contribute to variation in adiposity may facilitate gene discovery.

Published
2017
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28. Leisure time physical activity in young adults born preterm

Author

Tikanmäki, M. (Marjaana), Kaseva, N. (Nina), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Sipola-Leppänen, M. (Marika), Matinolli, H.-M. (Hanna-Maria), Eriksson, J. G. (Johan G.), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Vääräsmäki, M. (Marja), Kajantie, E. (Eero), Tikanmäki, M. (Marjaana), Kaseva, N. (Nina), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Sipola-Leppänen, M. (Marika), Matinolli, H.-M. (Hanna-Maria), Eriksson, J. G. (Johan G.), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Vääräsmäki, M. (Marja), and Kajantie, E. (Eero)

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the amount of self-reported physical activity in young adults born prematurely compared with those born at term. Study design: Unimpaired participants of the Preterm Birth Study (Preterm Birth and Early Life Programming of Adult Health and Disease) birth cohort study were studied at age 23.3 ± 1.2 (SD) years: 118 born early preterm (<34 weeks), 210 late preterm (34—36 weeks), and 311 born at term (≥37 weeks, controls). The participants completed a validated 30—item, 12—month physical activity questionnaire. The annual frequency and total volume of conditioning and nonconditioning leisure time physical activity and commuting physical activity were calculated and the data analyzed by means of linear regression. Results: Adults born early preterm reported a 31.5% (95% CI, 17.4—43.2) lower volume of leisure time physical activity (in metabolic equivalents [MET] h/year) and had a 2.0—fold increased OR (1.2—3.3) of being in the least active quintile than controls. Lower amounts of conditioning, nonconditioning, and commuting physical activity all contributed to the difference. In addition, early preterm participants undertook less vigorous physical activity (≥6 MET). No differences in physical activity were found between the late preterm and control groups. Adjustments for potential early life confounders and current mediating health characteristics did not change the results. Conclusions: Young adults born early preterm engage less in leisure time physical activities than peers born at term. This finding may in part underlie the increased risk factors of cardiometabolic and other noncommunicable diseases in adults born preterm. Low physical activity is a risk factor for several noncommunicable diseases and amenable to prevention.

Published
2017

29. High-impact exercise in adulthood and vertebral dimensions in midlife:the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 study

Author

Oura, P. (Petteri), Paananen, M. (Markus), Niinimäki, J. (Jaakko), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Korpelainen, R. (Raija), Karppinen, J. (Jaro), Junno, J.-A. (Juho-Antti), Oura, P. (Petteri), Paananen, M. (Markus), Niinimäki, J. (Jaakko), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Korpelainen, R. (Raija), Karppinen, J. (Jaro), and Junno, J.-A. (Juho-Antti)

Abstract

Background: Vertebral size and especially cross-sectional area (CSA) are independently associated with vertebral fracture risk. Previous studies have suggested that physical activity and especially high-impact exercise may affect vertebral strength. We aimed to investigate the association between high-impact exercise at 31 and 46 years of age and vertebral dimensions in midlife. Methods: We used a subsample of 1023 individuals from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 study with records of self-reported sports participation from 31 and 46 years and MRI-derived data on vertebral dimensions from 46 years. Based on the sports participation data, we constructed three impact categories (high, mixed, low) that represented longitudinal high-impact exercise activity in adulthood. We used linear regression and generalized estimating equation (GEE) models to analyse the association between high-impact exercise and vertebral CSA, with adjustments for vertebral height and body mass index. Results: Participation in high-impact sports was associated with large vertebral CSA among women but not men. The women in the ‘mixed’ group had 36.8 (95% confidence interval 11.2–62.5) mm² larger CSA and the women in the ‘high’ group 43.2 (15.2–71.1) mm² larger CSA than the ‘low’ group. Conclusions: We suggest that participation (≥ 1/week) in one or more high-impact sports in adulthood is associated with larger vertebral size, and thus increased vertebral strength, among middle-aged women.

Published
2017

30. Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in young adults born preterm:the ESTER study

Author

Tikanmäki, M. (Marjaana), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Kaseva, N. (Nina), Sipola-Leppänen, M. (Marika), Matinolli, H.-M. (Hanna-Maria), Hakonen, H. (Harto), Ekelund, U. (Ulf), Eriksson, J. G. (Johan G.), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Vääräsmäki, M. (Marja), Kajantie, E. (Eero), Tikanmäki, M. (Marjaana), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Kaseva, N. (Nina), Sipola-Leppänen, M. (Marika), Matinolli, H.-M. (Hanna-Maria), Hakonen, H. (Harto), Ekelund, U. (Ulf), Eriksson, J. G. (Johan G.), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Vääräsmäki, M. (Marja), and Kajantie, E. (Eero)

Abstract

Background: Young adults born preterm have higher levels of cardio metabolic risk factors and they report less physical activity than their peers born at term. Physical activity provides important cardio metabolic health benefits. We hypothesized that objectively measured physical activity levels are lower and time spent sedentary is higher among preterm-born individuals compared with controls. Methods: We studied unimpaired participants of the ESTER birth cohort study at age 23.3 y (SD: 1.2): 60 born early preterm (<34 wk), 108 late preterm (34–36 wk), and 178 at term (controls). Physical activity and sedentary time were measured by hip-worn accelerometer (ActiGraph). Results: As compared with controls’ (mean physical activity, 303 counts per minute (cpm; SD 129)), physical activity was similar among adults born early preterm (mean difference = 21 cpm, 95% CI −61, 19) or late preterm (5 cpm, −27, 38). Time spent sedentary was also similar. Adjustments for early life confounders or current mediating characteristics did not change the results. Conclusion: In contrast to our hypothesis, we found no difference in objectively measured physical activity or time spent sedentary between adults born preterm and at term. The previously reported differences may be limited to physical activity captured by self-report.

Published
2017

31. Genome-wide physical activity interactions in adiposity:a meta-analysis of 200,452 adults

Author

Graff, M. (Mariaelisa), Scott, R. A. (Robert A.), Justice, A. E. (Anne E.), Young, K. L. (Kristin L.), Feitosa, M. F. (Mary F.), Barata, L. (Llilda), Winkler, T. W. (Thomas W.), Chu, A. Y. (Audrey Y.), Mahajan, A. (Anubha), Hadley, D. (David), Xue, L. (Luting), Workalemahu, T. (Tsegaselassie), Heard-Costa, N. L. (Nancy L.), den Hoed, M. (Marcel), Ahluwalia, T. S. (Tarunveer S.), Qi, Q. (Qibin), Ngwa, J. S. (Julius S.), Renstrom, F. (Frida), Quaye, L. (Lydia), Eicher, J. D. (John D.), Hayes, J. E. (James E.), Cornelis, M. (Marilyn), Kutalik, Z. (Zoltan), Lim, E. (Elise), Luan, J. (Jian'an), Huffman, J. E. (Jennifer E.), Zhang, W. (Weihua), Zhao, W. (Wei), Griffin, P. J. (Paula J.), Haller, T. (Toomas), Ahmad, S. (Shafqat), Marques-Vidal, P. M. (Pedro M.), Bien, S. (Stephanie), Yengo, L. (Loic), Teumer, A. (Alexander), Smith, A. V. (Albert Vernon), Kumari, M. (Meena), Harder, M. N. (Marie Neergaard), Justesen, J. M. (Johanne Marie), Kleber, M. E. (Marcus E.), Hollensted, M. (Mette), Lohman, K. (Kurt), Rivera, N. V. (Natalia V.), Whitfield, J. B. (John B.), Zhao, J. H. (Jing Hua), Stringham, H. M. (Heather M.), Lyytikainen, L.-P. (Leo-Pekka), Huppertz, C. (Charlotte), Willemsen, G. (Gonneke), Peyrot, W. J. (Wouter J.), Wu, Y. (Ying), Kristiansson, K. (Kati), Demirkan, A. (Ayse), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Hassinen, M. (Maija), Bielak, L. F. (Lawrence F.), Cadby, G. (Gemma), Tanaka, T. (Toshiko), Magl, R. (Reedlk), Van der Most, P. J. (Peter J.), Jackson, A. U. (Anne U.), Bragg-Gresham, J. L. (Jennifer L.), Vitart, V. (Veronique), Marten, J. (Jonathan), Navarro, P. (Pau), Bellis, C. (Claire), Pasko, D. (Dorota), Johansson, A. (Asa), Snitker, S. (Soren), Cheng, Y.-C. (Yu-Ching), Eriksson, J. (Joel), Lim, U. (Unhee), Aadahl, M. (Mette), Adair, L. S. (Linda S.), Amin, N. (Najaf), Balkau, B. (Beverley), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Beilby, J. (John), Bergman, R. N. (Richard N.), Bergmann, S. (Sven), Bertoni, A. G. (Alain G.), Blangero, J. (John), Bonnefond, A. (Amelle), Bonnycastle, L. L. (Lori L.), Borja, J. B. (Judith B.), Brage, S. (Soren), Busonero, F. (Fabio), Buyske, S. (Steve), Campbell, H. (Harry), Chines, P. S. (Peter S.), Collins, F. S. (Francis S.), Corre, T. (Tanguy), Smith, G. D. (George Davey), Delgado, G. E. (Graciela E.), Dueker, N. (Nicole), Doerr, M. (Marcus), Ebeling, T. (Tapani), Eiriksdottir, G. (Gudny), Esko, T. (Tonu), Faul, J. D. (Jessica D.), Fu, M. (Mao), Faerch, K. (Kristine), Gieger, C. (Christian), Glaeser, S. (Sven), Gong, J. (Jian), Gordon-Larsen, P. (Penny), Grallert, H. (Harald), Grammer, T. B. (Tanja B.), Grarup, N. (Niels), van Grootheest, G. (Gerard), Harald, K. (Kennet), Hastie, N. D. (Nicholas D.), Havulinna, A. S. (Aki S.), Hernandez, D. (Dena), Hindorff, L. (Lucia), Hocking, L. J. (Lynne J.), Holmens, O. L. (Oddgeir L.), Holzapfel, C. (Christina), Hottenga, J. J. (Jouke Jan), Huang, J. (Jie), Huang, T. (Tao), Hui, J. (Jennie), Huth, C. (Cornelia), Hutri-Kahonen, N. (Nina), James, A. L. (Alan L.), Jansson, J.-O. (John-Olov), Jhun, M. A. (Min A.), Juonala, M. (Markus), Kinnunen, L. (Leena), Koistinen, H. A. (Heikki A.), Kolcic, I. (Ivana), Komulainen, P. (Pirjo), Kuusisto, J. (Johanna), Kvaloy, K. (Kirsti), Kahonen, M. (Mika), Lakka, T. A. (Timo A.), Launer, L. J. (Lenore J.), Lehne, B. (Benjamin), Lindgren, C. M. (Cecilia M.), Lorentzon, M. (Mattias), Luben, R. (Robert), Marre, M. (Michel), Milaneschi, Y. (Yuri), Monda, K. L. (Keri L.), Montgomery, G. W. (Grant W.), De Moor, M. H. (Marleen H. M.), Mulas, A. (Antonella), Mueller-Nurasyid, M. (Martina), Musk, A. W. (A. W.), Mannikko, R. (Reija), Mannisto, S. (Satu), Narisu, N. (Narisu), Nauck, M. (Matthias), Nettleton, J. A. (Jennifer A.), Nolte, I. M. (Ilja M.), Oldehinkel, A. J. (Albertine J.), Olden, M. (Matthias), Ong, K. K. (Ken K.), Padmanabhan, S. (Sandosh), Paternoster, L. (Lavinia), Perez, J. (Jeremiah), Perola, M. (Markus), Peters, A. (Annette), Peters, U. (Ulrike), Peyser, P. A. (Patricia A.), Prokopenko, I. (Inga), Puolijoki, H. (Hannu), Raitakari, O. T. (Olli T.), Rankinen, T. (Tuomo), Rasmussen-Torvik, L. J. (Laura J.), Rawal, R. (Rajesh), Ridker, P. M. (Paul M.), Rose, L. M. (Lynda M.), Rudan, I. (Igor), Sarti, C. (Cinzia), Sarzynski, M. A. (Mark A.), Savonen, K. (Kai), Scott, W. R. (William R.), Sanna, S. (Serena), Shuldiner, A. R. (Alan R.), Sidney, S. (Steve), Silbernagel, G. (Guenther), Smith, B. H. (Blair H.), Smith, J. A. (Jennifer A.), Snieder, H. (Harold), Stancakova, A. (Alena), Sternfeld, B. (Barbara), Swift, A. J. (Amy J.), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Tan, S.-T. (Sian-Tsung), Thorand, B. (Barbara), Thuillier, D. (Dorothee), Vandenput, L. (Liesbeth), Vestergaard, H. (Henrik), van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, J. V. (Jana V.), Vohl, M.-C. (Marie-Claude), Voelker, U. (Uwe), Waeber, G. (Gerard), Walker, M. (Mark), Wild, S. (Sarah), Wong, A. (Andrew), Wright, A. F. (Alan F.), Zillikens, M. C. (M. Carola), Zubair, N. (Niha), Haiman, C. A. (Christopher A.), Lemarchand, L. (Loic), Gyllensten, U. (Ulf), Ohlsson, C. (Claes), Hofman, A. (Albert), Rivadeneira, F. (Fernando), Uitterlinden, A. G. (Andre G.), Perusse, L. (Louis), Wilson, J. F. (James F.), Hayward, C. (Caroline), Polasek, O. (Ozren), Cucca, F. (Francesco), Hveem, K. (Kristian), Hartman, C. A. (Catharina A.), Toenjes, A. (Anke), Bandinelli, S. (Stefania), Palmer, L. J. (Lyle J.), Kardia, S. L. (Sharon L. R.), Rauramaa, R. (Rainer), Sorensen, T. I. (Thorkild I. A.), Tuomilehto, J. (Jaakko), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Penninx, B. W. (Brenda W. J. H.), de Geus, E. J. (Eco J. C.), Boomsma, D. I. (Dorret I.), Lehtimaki, T. (Terho), Mangino, M. (Massimo), Laakso, M. (Markku), Bouchard, C. (Claude), Martin, N. G. (Nicholas G.), Kuh, D. (Diana), Liu, Y. (Yongmei), Linneberg, A. (Allan), Maerz, W. (Winfried), Strauch, K. (Konstantin), Kivimaki, M. (Mika), Harris, T. B. (Tamara B.), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Voelzke, H. (Henry), Qi, L. (Lu), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Chambers, J. C. (John C.), Kooner, J. S. (Jaspal S.), Froguel, P. (Philippe), Kooperberg, C. (Charles), Vollenweider, P. (Peter), Hallmans, G. (Goran), Hansen, T. (Torben), Pedersen, O. (Oluf), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Wareham, N. J. (Nicholas J.), Langenberg, C. (Claudia), Weir, D. R. (David R.), Porteous, D. J. (David J.), Boerwinkle, E. (Eric), Chasman, D. I. (Daniel I.), Abecasis, G. R. (Goncalo R.), Barroso, I. (Ines), McCarthy, M. I. (Mark I.), Frayling, T. M. (Timothy M.), O'Connell, J. R. (Jeffrey R.), van Duijn, C. M. (Cornelia M.), Boehnke, M. (Michael), Heid, I. M. (Iris M.), Mohlke, K. L. (Karen L.), Strachan, D. P. (David P.), Fox, C. S. (Caroline S.), Liu, C.-T. (Ching-Ti), Hirschhorn, J. N. (Joel N.), Klein, R. J. (Robert J.), Johnson, A. D. (Andrew D.), Borecki, I. B. (Ingrid B.), Franks, P. W. (Paul W.), North, K. E. (Kari E.), Cupples, L. A. (L. Adrienne), Loos, R. J. (Ruth J. F.), Kilpelainen, T. O. (Tuomas O.), Graff, M. (Mariaelisa), Scott, R. A. (Robert A.), Justice, A. E. (Anne E.), Young, K. L. (Kristin L.), Feitosa, M. F. (Mary F.), Barata, L. (Llilda), Winkler, T. W. (Thomas W.), Chu, A. Y. (Audrey Y.), Mahajan, A. (Anubha), Hadley, D. (David), Xue, L. (Luting), Workalemahu, T. (Tsegaselassie), Heard-Costa, N. L. (Nancy L.), den Hoed, M. (Marcel), Ahluwalia, T. S. (Tarunveer S.), Qi, Q. (Qibin), Ngwa, J. S. (Julius S.), Renstrom, F. (Frida), Quaye, L. (Lydia), Eicher, J. D. (John D.), Hayes, J. E. (James E.), Cornelis, M. (Marilyn), Kutalik, Z. (Zoltan), Lim, E. (Elise), Luan, J. (Jian'an), Huffman, J. E. (Jennifer E.), Zhang, W. (Weihua), Zhao, W. (Wei), Griffin, P. J. (Paula J.), Haller, T. (Toomas), Ahmad, S. (Shafqat), Marques-Vidal, P. M. (Pedro M.), Bien, S. (Stephanie), Yengo, L. (Loic), Teumer, A. (Alexander), Smith, A. V. (Albert Vernon), Kumari, M. (Meena), Harder, M. N. (Marie Neergaard), Justesen, J. M. (Johanne Marie), Kleber, M. E. (Marcus E.), Hollensted, M. (Mette), Lohman, K. (Kurt), Rivera, N. V. (Natalia V.), Whitfield, J. B. (John B.), Zhao, J. H. (Jing Hua), Stringham, H. M. (Heather M.), Lyytikainen, L.-P. (Leo-Pekka), Huppertz, C. (Charlotte), Willemsen, G. (Gonneke), Peyrot, W. J. (Wouter J.), Wu, Y. (Ying), Kristiansson, K. (Kati), Demirkan, A. (Ayse), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Hassinen, M. (Maija), Bielak, L. F. (Lawrence F.), Cadby, G. (Gemma), Tanaka, T. (Toshiko), Magl, R. (Reedlk), Van der Most, P. J. (Peter J.), Jackson, A. U. (Anne U.), Bragg-Gresham, J. L. (Jennifer L.), Vitart, V. (Veronique), Marten, J. (Jonathan), Navarro, P. (Pau), Bellis, C. (Claire), Pasko, D. (Dorota), Johansson, A. (Asa), Snitker, S. (Soren), Cheng, Y.-C. (Yu-Ching), Eriksson, J. (Joel), Lim, U. (Unhee), Aadahl, M. (Mette), Adair, L. S. (Linda S.), Amin, N. (Najaf), Balkau, B. (Beverley), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Beilby, J. (John), Bergman, R. N. (Richard N.), Bergmann, S. (Sven), Bertoni, A. G. (Alain G.), Blangero, J. (John), Bonnefond, A. (Amelle), Bonnycastle, L. L. (Lori L.), Borja, J. B. (Judith B.), Brage, S. (Soren), Busonero, F. (Fabio), Buyske, S. (Steve), Campbell, H. (Harry), Chines, P. S. (Peter S.), Collins, F. S. (Francis S.), Corre, T. (Tanguy), Smith, G. D. (George Davey), Delgado, G. E. (Graciela E.), Dueker, N. (Nicole), Doerr, M. (Marcus), Ebeling, T. (Tapani), Eiriksdottir, G. (Gudny), Esko, T. (Tonu), Faul, J. D. (Jessica D.), Fu, M. (Mao), Faerch, K. (Kristine), Gieger, C. (Christian), Glaeser, S. (Sven), Gong, J. (Jian), Gordon-Larsen, P. (Penny), Grallert, H. (Harald), Grammer, T. B. (Tanja B.), Grarup, N. (Niels), van Grootheest, G. (Gerard), Harald, K. (Kennet), Hastie, N. D. (Nicholas D.), Havulinna, A. S. (Aki S.), Hernandez, D. (Dena), Hindorff, L. (Lucia), Hocking, L. J. (Lynne J.), Holmens, O. L. (Oddgeir L.), Holzapfel, C. (Christina), Hottenga, J. J. (Jouke Jan), Huang, J. (Jie), Huang, T. (Tao), Hui, J. (Jennie), Huth, C. (Cornelia), Hutri-Kahonen, N. (Nina), James, A. L. (Alan L.), Jansson, J.-O. (John-Olov), Jhun, M. A. (Min A.), Juonala, M. (Markus), Kinnunen, L. (Leena), Koistinen, H. A. (Heikki A.), Kolcic, I. (Ivana), Komulainen, P. (Pirjo), Kuusisto, J. (Johanna), Kvaloy, K. (Kirsti), Kahonen, M. (Mika), Lakka, T. A. (Timo A.), Launer, L. J. (Lenore J.), Lehne, B. (Benjamin), Lindgren, C. M. (Cecilia M.), Lorentzon, M. (Mattias), Luben, R. (Robert), Marre, M. (Michel), Milaneschi, Y. (Yuri), Monda, K. L. (Keri L.), Montgomery, G. W. (Grant W.), De Moor, M. H. (Marleen H. M.), Mulas, A. (Antonella), Mueller-Nurasyid, M. (Martina), Musk, A. W. (A. W.), Mannikko, R. (Reija), Mannisto, S. (Satu), Narisu, N. (Narisu), Nauck, M. (Matthias), Nettleton, J. A. (Jennifer A.), Nolte, I. M. (Ilja M.), Oldehinkel, A. J. (Albertine J.), Olden, M. (Matthias), Ong, K. K. (Ken K.), Padmanabhan, S. (Sandosh), Paternoster, L. (Lavinia), Perez, J. (Jeremiah), Perola, M. (Markus), Peters, A. (Annette), Peters, U. (Ulrike), Peyser, P. A. (Patricia A.), Prokopenko, I. (Inga), Puolijoki, H. (Hannu), Raitakari, O. T. (Olli T.), Rankinen, T. (Tuomo), Rasmussen-Torvik, L. J. (Laura J.), Rawal, R. (Rajesh), Ridker, P. M. (Paul M.), Rose, L. M. (Lynda M.), Rudan, I. (Igor), Sarti, C. (Cinzia), Sarzynski, M. A. (Mark A.), Savonen, K. (Kai), Scott, W. R. (William R.), Sanna, S. (Serena), Shuldiner, A. R. (Alan R.), Sidney, S. (Steve), Silbernagel, G. (Guenther), Smith, B. H. (Blair H.), Smith, J. A. (Jennifer A.), Snieder, H. (Harold), Stancakova, A. (Alena), Sternfeld, B. (Barbara), Swift, A. J. (Amy J.), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Tan, S.-T. (Sian-Tsung), Thorand, B. (Barbara), Thuillier, D. (Dorothee), Vandenput, L. (Liesbeth), Vestergaard, H. (Henrik), van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, J. V. (Jana V.), Vohl, M.-C. (Marie-Claude), Voelker, U. (Uwe), Waeber, G. (Gerard), Walker, M. (Mark), Wild, S. (Sarah), Wong, A. (Andrew), Wright, A. F. (Alan F.), Zillikens, M. C. (M. Carola), Zubair, N. (Niha), Haiman, C. A. (Christopher A.), Lemarchand, L. (Loic), Gyllensten, U. (Ulf), Ohlsson, C. (Claes), Hofman, A. (Albert), Rivadeneira, F. (Fernando), Uitterlinden, A. G. (Andre G.), Perusse, L. (Louis), Wilson, J. F. (James F.), Hayward, C. (Caroline), Polasek, O. (Ozren), Cucca, F. (Francesco), Hveem, K. (Kristian), Hartman, C. A. (Catharina A.), Toenjes, A. (Anke), Bandinelli, S. (Stefania), Palmer, L. J. (Lyle J.), Kardia, S. L. (Sharon L. R.), Rauramaa, R. (Rainer), Sorensen, T. I. (Thorkild I. A.), Tuomilehto, J. (Jaakko), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Penninx, B. W. (Brenda W. J. H.), de Geus, E. J. (Eco J. C.), Boomsma, D. I. (Dorret I.), Lehtimaki, T. (Terho), Mangino, M. (Massimo), Laakso, M. (Markku), Bouchard, C. (Claude), Martin, N. G. (Nicholas G.), Kuh, D. (Diana), Liu, Y. (Yongmei), Linneberg, A. (Allan), Maerz, W. (Winfried), Strauch, K. (Konstantin), Kivimaki, M. (Mika), Harris, T. B. (Tamara B.), Gudnason, V. (Vilmundur), Voelzke, H. (Henry), Qi, L. (Lu), Jarvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Chambers, J. C. (John C.), Kooner, J. S. (Jaspal S.), Froguel, P. (Philippe), Kooperberg, C. (Charles), Vollenweider, P. (Peter), Hallmans, G. (Goran), Hansen, T. (Torben), Pedersen, O. (Oluf), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Wareham, N. J. (Nicholas J.), Langenberg, C. (Claudia), Weir, D. R. (David R.), Porteous, D. J. (David J.), Boerwinkle, E. (Eric), Chasman, D. I. (Daniel I.), Abecasis, G. R. (Goncalo R.), Barroso, I. (Ines), McCarthy, M. I. (Mark I.), Frayling, T. M. (Timothy M.), O'Connell, J. R. (Jeffrey R.), van Duijn, C. M. (Cornelia M.), Boehnke, M. (Michael), Heid, I. M. (Iris M.), Mohlke, K. L. (Karen L.), Strachan, D. P. (David P.), Fox, C. S. (Caroline S.), Liu, C.-T. (Ching-Ti), Hirschhorn, J. N. (Joel N.), Klein, R. J. (Robert J.), Johnson, A. D. (Andrew D.), Borecki, I. B. (Ingrid B.), Franks, P. W. (Paul W.), North, K. E. (Kari E.), Cupples, L. A. (L. Adrienne), Loos, R. J. (Ruth J. F.), and Kilpelainen, T. O. (Tuomas O.)

Abstract

Physical activity (PA) may modify the genetic effects that give rise to increased risk of obesity. To identify adiposity loci whose effects are modified by PA, we performed genome-wide interaction meta-analyses of BMI and BMI-adjusted waist circumference and waist-hip ratio from up to 200,452 adults of European (n = 180,423) or other ancestry (n = 20,029). We standardized PA by categorizing it into a dichotomous variable where, on average, 23% of participants were categorized as inactive and 77% as physically active. While we replicate the interaction with PA for the strongest known obesity-risk locus in the FTO gene, of which the effect is attenuated by ~30% in physically active individuals compared to inactive individuals, we do not identify additional loci that are sensitive to PA. In additional genome-wide meta-analyses adjusting for PA and interaction with PA, we identify 11 novel adiposity loci, suggesting that accounting for PA or other environmental factors that contribute to variation in adiposity may facilitate gene discovery.

Published
2017

32. Associations of leukocyte telomere length with aerobic and muscular fitness in young adults

Author

Williams, D. M. (Dylan M.), Buxton, J. L. (Jessica L.), Kantomaa, M. T. (Marko T.), Tammelin, T. H. (Tuija H.), Blakemore, A. I. (Alexandra I. F.), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Williams, D. M. (Dylan M.), Buxton, J. L. (Jessica L.), Kantomaa, M. T. (Marko T.), Tammelin, T. H. (Tuija H.), Blakemore, A. I. (Alexandra I. F.), and Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta)

Abstract

Decline in both telomere length and physical fitness over the life course may contribute to increased risk of several chronic diseases. The relationship between telomere length and aerobic and muscular fitness is not well characterized. We examined whether there are cross-sectional associations of mean relative leukocyte telomere length (LTL) with objective measures of aerobic fitness, muscle strength, and muscle endurance, using data on 31-year-old participants of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (n = 4,952–5,205, varying by exposure-outcome analysis). Aerobic fitness was assessed by means of heart rate measurement following a standardized submaximal step test; muscular fitness was assessed by means of a maximal isometric handgrip strength test and a test of lower-back trunk muscle endurance. Longer LTL was associated with higher aerobic fitness and better trunk muscle endurance in models including adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, socioeconomic position, diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity level, and C-reactive protein. In a sex-stratified analysis, LTL was not associated with handgrip strength in either men or women. LTL may relate to aspects of physical fitness in young adulthood, but replication of these findings is required, along with further studies to help assess directions and causality in these associations.

Published
2017

33. Measuring physical activity in free-living conditions:comparison of three accelerometry-based methods

Author

Leinonen, A.-M. (Anna-Maiju), Ahola, R. (Riikka), Kulmala, J. (Janne), Hakonen, H. (Harto), Vähä-Ypyä, H. (Henri), Herzig, K.-H. (Karl-Heinz), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S. (Sirkka), Sievänen, H. (Harri), Tammelin, T. H. (Tuija H.), Korpelainen, R. (Raija), Jämsä, T. (Timo), Leinonen, A.-M. (Anna-Maiju), Ahola, R. (Riikka), Kulmala, J. (Janne), Hakonen, H. (Harto), Vähä-Ypyä, H. (Henri), Herzig, K.-H. (Karl-Heinz), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S. (Sirkka), Sievänen, H. (Harri), Tammelin, T. H. (Tuija H.), Korpelainen, R. (Raija), and Jämsä, T. (Timo)

Abstract

We examined the agreement in time spent on different physical activity (PA) levels using (1) mean amplitude deviation (MAD) of raw acceleration from the hip, (2) wrist-worn Polar Active, and (3) hip-worn Actigraph counts using Freedson’s cut-points among adults under free-living conditions. PA was measured in 41 volunteers (mean age 47.6 years) for 14 days. Two MET-based threshold sets were used for MAD and Polar Active for sedentary time (ST) and time spent in light (LPA), moderate (MPA), and vigorous (VPA) PA. Actigraph counts were divided into PA classes, ≤100 counts/min for ST and Freedson’s cut-points for LPA, MPA, and VPA. Analysis criteria were simultaneous use of devices for at least 4 days of >500 min/d. The between-method differences were analyzed using a repeated measures analysis of variance test. Bland-Altman plots and ROC graphs were also employed. Valid data were available from 27 participants. Polar Active produced the highest amount of VPA with both thresholds (≥5 and ≥6 MET; mean difference 17.9–30.9 min/d, P <0.001). With the threshold 3–6 MET for MPA, Polar Active indicated 19.2 min/d more than MAD (95% CI 5.8–32.6) and 51.0 min/d more than Actigraph (95% CI 36.7–65.2). The results did not differ with 3.5–5 MET for MPA [F(1.44, 37.43) = 1.92, P = 0.170]. MAD and Actigraph were closest to each other for ST with the threshold <1.5 MET (mean difference 22.2 min/d, 95% CI 7.1–37.3). With the threshold <2 MET, Polar Active and Actigraph provided similar results (mean difference 7.0 min/d, 95% CI −17.8–31.7). Moderate to high agreement (area under the ROC curve 0.806–0.963) was found between the methods for the fulfillment of the recommendation for daily moderate-to-vigorous PA of 60 min. In free-living conditions the agreement between MAD, Polar Active, and Actigraph for measuring time spent on different activity levels in adults was dependent on the activity thresholds used and PA intensity. ROC analyses sho

Published
2017

34. Genome-wide physical activity interactions in adiposity. A meta-analysis of 200,452 adults

Author

Graff, M, Scott, RA, Justice, AE, Young, KL, Feitosa, MF, Barata, L, Winkler, TW, Chu, AY, Mahajan, A, Hadley, D, Xue, LT, Workalemahu, T, Heard-Costa, NL, den Hoed, M, Ahluwalia, TS, Qi, QB, Ngwa, JS, Renstrom, F, Quaye, L, Eicher, JD, Hayes, J E, Cornelis, M, Kutalik, Z, Lim, E, Luan, J, Huffman, JE, Zhang, WH, Zhao, W, Griffin, PJ, Haller, T, Ahmad, Shahzad, Marques-Vidal, PM, Bien, S, Yengo, L, Teumer, A, Smith, AV, Kumari, M, Harder, MN, Justesen, JM, Kleber, ME, Hollensted, M, Lohman, K, Rivera, NV, Whitfield, JB, Zhao, JH, Stringham, HM, Lyytikainen, LP, Huppertz, C, Willemsen, G, Peyrot, WJ, Wu, Fenny, Kristiansson, K, Demirkan, Ayse, Fornage, M, Hassinen, M, Bielak, LF, Cadby, G, Tanaka, T, Magl, R, van der Most, PJ, Jackson, AU, Bragg-Gresham, JL, Vitart, V, Marten, J, Navarro, P, Bellis, C, Pasko, D, Johansson, A, Snitker, S, Cheng, YC, Eriksson, J, Lim, U, Aadahl, M, Adair, LS, Amin, Najaf, Balkau, B, Auvinen, J, Beilby, J, Bergman, RN, Bergmann, S, Bertoni, AG, Blangero, J, Bonnefond, A, Bonnycastle, LL, Borja, JB, Brage, S, Busonero, F, Buyske, S, Campbell, H, Chines, PS, Collins, FS, Corre, T, Smith, GD, Delgado, GE, Dueker, N, Dorr, M, Ebeling, T, Eiriksdottir, G, Esko, T, Faul, JD, Fu, M, Faerch, K, Gieger, C, Glaser, S, Gong, J, Gordon-Larsen, P, Grallert, H, Grammer, TB, Grarup, N, Van Grootheest, G, Harald, K, Hastie, ND, Havulinna, AS, Hernandez, D, Hindorff, L, Hocking, LJ, Holmens, OL, Holzapfel, C, Hottenga, JJ, Huang, J, Huang, T, Hui, J, Huth, C, Hutri-Kahonen, N, James, AL, Jansson, JO, Jhun, MA, Juonala, M, Kinnunen, L, Koistinen, HA, Kolcic, I, Komulainen, P, Kuusisto, J, Kvaloy, K, Kahonen, M, Lakka, TA, Launer, LJ, Lehne, B, Lindgren, CM, Lorentzon, M, Luben, R, Marre, M (Michel), Milaneschi, Y, Monda, KL, Montgomery, GW, de Moor, MHM, Mulas, A, Muller-Nurasyid, M, Musk, AW, Mannikko, R, Mannisto, S, Narisu, N, Nauck, M, Nettleton, JA, Nolte, IM, Oldehinkel, AJ (A.), Olden, M, Ong, KK, Padmanabhan, S, Paternoster, L, Perez, J, Perola, M, Peters, A, Peters, U, Peyser, PA, Prokopenko, I, Puolijoki, H, Raitakari, OT, Rankinen, T, Rasmussen-Torvik, LJ, Rawal, R, Ridker, PM, Rose, LM, Rudan, I, Sarti, C, Sarzynski, MA, Savonen, K, Scott, WR, Sanna, S, Shuldiner, AR, Sidney, S, Silbernagel, G, Smith, BH, Smith, JA, Snieder, H, Stancakova, A, Sternfeld, B, Swift, AJ, Tammelin, T, Tan, ST, Thorand, B, Thuillier, D, Vandenput, L, Vestergaard, H, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, JV, Vohl, MC, Volker, U, Waeber, G, Walker, M, Wild, S, Wong, A, Wright, AF, Zillikens, M.C., Zubair, N, Haiman, CA, LeMarchand, L, Gyllensten, U, Ohlsson, C, Ohlsson, CC, Hofman, Bert, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Uitterlinden, André, Perusse, L, Wilson, JF, Hayward, C, Polasek, O, Cucca, F, Hveem, K, Hartman, CA, Tonjes, A, Bandinelli, S, Palmer, LJ, Kardia, SLR, Rauramaa, R, Sorensen, TIA, Tuomilehto, J, Salomaa, V, Penninx, B, de Geus, EJC, Boomsma, DI, Lehtimaki, T, Mangino, M, Laakso, M, Bouchard, C, Martin, NG, Kuh, D, Liu, YM, Linneberg, A, Marz, W, Strauch, K, Kivimaki, M, Harris, TB, Gudnason, V, Volzke, H, Qi, L, Jarvelin, MR, Chambers, JC, Kooner, JS, Froguel, P, Kooperberg, C, Vollenweider, P, Hallmans, G, Hansen, T, Pedersen, O, Metspalu, A, Wareham, NJ, Langenberg, C, Weir, DR, Porteous, DJ, Boerwinkle, E, Chasman, DI, Abecasis, GR, Barroso, I, McCarthy, MI, Frayling, TM, O'Connell, JR, Duijn, Cornelia, Boehnke, M, Heid, IM, Mohlke, KL, Strachan, DP, Fox, CS, Liu, CT, Hirschhorn, JN, Klein, RJ, Johnson, AD, Borecki, IB, Franks, PW, North, KE, Cupples, LA, Loos, RJF, Kilpelainen, TO, Graff, M, Scott, RA, Justice, AE, Young, KL, Feitosa, MF, Barata, L, Winkler, TW, Chu, AY, Mahajan, A, Hadley, D, Xue, LT, Workalemahu, T, Heard-Costa, NL, den Hoed, M, Ahluwalia, TS, Qi, QB, Ngwa, JS, Renstrom, F, Quaye, L, Eicher, JD, Hayes, J E, Cornelis, M, Kutalik, Z, Lim, E, Luan, J, Huffman, JE, Zhang, WH, Zhao, W, Griffin, PJ, Haller, T, Ahmad, Shahzad, Marques-Vidal, PM, Bien, S, Yengo, L, Teumer, A, Smith, AV, Kumari, M, Harder, MN, Justesen, JM, Kleber, ME, Hollensted, M, Lohman, K, Rivera, NV, Whitfield, JB, Zhao, JH, Stringham, HM, Lyytikainen, LP, Huppertz, C, Willemsen, G, Peyrot, WJ, Wu, Fenny, Kristiansson, K, Demirkan, Ayse, Fornage, M, Hassinen, M, Bielak, LF, Cadby, G, Tanaka, T, Magl, R, van der Most, PJ, Jackson, AU, Bragg-Gresham, JL, Vitart, V, Marten, J, Navarro, P, Bellis, C, Pasko, D, Johansson, A, Snitker, S, Cheng, YC, Eriksson, J, Lim, U, Aadahl, M, Adair, LS, Amin, Najaf, Balkau, B, Auvinen, J, Beilby, J, Bergman, RN, Bergmann, S, Bertoni, AG, Blangero, J, Bonnefond, A, Bonnycastle, LL, Borja, JB, Brage, S, Busonero, F, Buyske, S, Campbell, H, Chines, PS, Collins, FS, Corre, T, Smith, GD, Delgado, GE, Dueker, N, Dorr, M, Ebeling, T, Eiriksdottir, G, Esko, T, Faul, JD, Fu, M, Faerch, K, Gieger, C, Glaser, S, Gong, J, Gordon-Larsen, P, Grallert, H, Grammer, TB, Grarup, N, Van Grootheest, G, Harald, K, Hastie, ND, Havulinna, AS, Hernandez, D, Hindorff, L, Hocking, LJ, Holmens, OL, Holzapfel, C, Hottenga, JJ, Huang, J, Huang, T, Hui, J, Huth, C, Hutri-Kahonen, N, James, AL, Jansson, JO, Jhun, MA, Juonala, M, Kinnunen, L, Koistinen, HA, Kolcic, I, Komulainen, P, Kuusisto, J, Kvaloy, K, Kahonen, M, Lakka, TA, Launer, LJ, Lehne, B, Lindgren, CM, Lorentzon, M, Luben, R, Marre, M (Michel), Milaneschi, Y, Monda, KL, Montgomery, GW, de Moor, MHM, Mulas, A, Muller-Nurasyid, M, Musk, AW, Mannikko, R, Mannisto, S, Narisu, N, Nauck, M, Nettleton, JA, Nolte, IM, Oldehinkel, AJ (A.), Olden, M, Ong, KK, Padmanabhan, S, Paternoster, L, Perez, J, Perola, M, Peters, A, Peters, U, Peyser, PA, Prokopenko, I, Puolijoki, H, Raitakari, OT, Rankinen, T, Rasmussen-Torvik, LJ, Rawal, R, Ridker, PM, Rose, LM, Rudan, I, Sarti, C, Sarzynski, MA, Savonen, K, Scott, WR, Sanna, S, Shuldiner, AR, Sidney, S, Silbernagel, G, Smith, BH, Smith, JA, Snieder, H, Stancakova, A, Sternfeld, B, Swift, AJ, Tammelin, T, Tan, ST, Thorand, B, Thuillier, D, Vandenput, L, Vestergaard, H, van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, JV, Vohl, MC, Volker, U, Waeber, G, Walker, M, Wild, S, Wong, A, Wright, AF, Zillikens, M.C., Zubair, N, Haiman, CA, LeMarchand, L, Gyllensten, U, Ohlsson, C, Ohlsson, CC, Hofman, Bert, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Uitterlinden, André, Perusse, L, Wilson, JF, Hayward, C, Polasek, O, Cucca, F, Hveem, K, Hartman, CA, Tonjes, A, Bandinelli, S, Palmer, LJ, Kardia, SLR, Rauramaa, R, Sorensen, TIA, Tuomilehto, J, Salomaa, V, Penninx, B, de Geus, EJC, Boomsma, DI, Lehtimaki, T, Mangino, M, Laakso, M, Bouchard, C, Martin, NG, Kuh, D, Liu, YM, Linneberg, A, Marz, W, Strauch, K, Kivimaki, M, Harris, TB, Gudnason, V, Volzke, H, Qi, L, Jarvelin, MR, Chambers, JC, Kooner, JS, Froguel, P, Kooperberg, C, Vollenweider, P, Hallmans, G, Hansen, T, Pedersen, O, Metspalu, A, Wareham, NJ, Langenberg, C, Weir, DR, Porteous, DJ, Boerwinkle, E, Chasman, DI, Abecasis, GR, Barroso, I, McCarthy, MI, Frayling, TM, O'Connell, JR, Duijn, Cornelia, Boehnke, M, Heid, IM, Mohlke, KL, Strachan, DP, Fox, CS, Liu, CT, Hirschhorn, JN, Klein, RJ, Johnson, AD, Borecki, IB, Franks, PW, North, KE, Cupples, LA, Loos, RJF, and Kilpelainen, TO

Published
2017

35. Correction: Genome-wide physical activity interactions in adiposity - A meta-analysis of 200,452 adults.

Author

Graff, M., Scott, R.A., Justice, A.E., Young, K.L., Feitosa, M.F., Barata, L., Winkler, T.W., Chu, A.Y., Mahajan, A., Hadley, D., Xue, L., Workalemahu, T., Heard-Costa, N.L., den Hoed, M., Ahluwalia, T.S., Qi, Q., Ngwa, J.S., Renström, F., Quaye, L., Eicher, J.D., Hayes, J.E., Cornelis, M., Kutalik, Z., Lim, E., Luan, J., Huffman, J.E., Zhang, W., Zhao, W., Griffin, P.J., Haller, T., Ahmad, S., Marques-Vidal, P.M., Bien, S., Yengo, L., Teumer, A., Smith, A.V., Kumari, M., Harder, M.N., Justesen, J.M., Kleber, M.E., Hollensted, M., Lohman, K., Rivera, N.V., Whitfield, J.B., Zhao, J.H., Stringham, H.M., Lyytikäinen, L.P., Huppertz, C., Willemsen, G., Peyrot, W.J., Wu, Y., Kristiansson, K., Demirkan, A., Fornage, M., Hassinen, M., Bielak, L.F., Cadby, G., Tanaka, T., Mägi, R., van der Most, P.J., Jackson, A.U., Bragg-Gresham, J.L., Vitart, V., Marten, J., Navarro, P., Bellis, C., Pasko, D., Johansson, Å., Snitker, S., Cheng, Y.C., Eriksson, J., Lim, U., Aadahl, M., Adair, L.S., Amin, N., Balkau, B., Auvinen, J., Beilby, J., Bergman, R.N., Bergmann, S., Bertoni, A.G., Blangero, J., Bonnefond, A., Bonnycastle, L.L., Borja, J.B., Brage, S., Busonero, F., Buyske, S., Campbell, H., Chines, P.S., Collins, F.S., Corre, T., Smith, G.D., Delgado, G.E., Dueker, N., Dörr, M., Ebeling, T., Eiriksdottir, G., Esko, T., Faul, J.D., Fu, M., Færch, K., Gieger, C., Gläser, S., Gong, J., Gordon-Larsen, P., Grallert, H., Grammer, T.B., Grarup, N., van Grootheest, G., Harald, K., Hastie, N.D., Havulinna, A.S., Hernandez, D., Hindorff, L., Hocking, L.J., Holmens, O.L., Holzapfel, C., Hottenga, J.J., Huang, J., Huang, T., Hui, J., Huth, C., Hutri-Kähönen, N., James, A.L., Jansson, J.O., Jhun, M.A., Juonala, M., Kinnunen, L., Koistinen, H.A., Kolcic, I., Komulainen, P., Kuusisto, J., Kvaløy, K., Kähönen, M., Lakka, T.A., Launer, L.J., Lehne, B., Lindgren, C.M., Lorentzon, M., Luben, R., Marre, M., Milaneschi, Y., Monda, K.L., Montgomery, G.W., De Moor, MHM, Mulas, A., Müller-Nurasyid, M., Musk, A.W., Männikkö, R., Männistö, S., Narisu, N., Nauck, M., Nettleton, J.A., Nolte, I.M., Oldehinkel, A.J., Olden, M., Ong, K.K., Padmanabhan, S., Paternoster, L., Perez, J., Perola, M., Peters, A., Peters, U., Peyser, P.A., Prokopenko, I., Puolijoki, H., Raitakari, O.T., Rankinen, T., Rasmussen-Torvik, L.J., Rawal, R., Ridker, P.M., Rose, L.M., Rudan, I., Sarti, C., Sarzynski, M.A., Savonen, K., Scott, W.R., Sanna, S., Shuldiner, A.R., Sidney, S., Silbernagel, G., Smith, B.H., Smith, J.A., Snieder, H., Stančáková, A., Sternfeld, B., Swift, A.J., Tammelin, T., Tan, S.T., Thorand, B., Thuillier, D., Vandenput, L., Vestergaard, H., van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, J.V., Vohl, M.C., Völker, U., Waeber, G., Walker, M., Wild, S., Wong, A., Wright, A.F., Zillikens, M.C., Zubair, N., Haiman, C.A., Lemarchand, L., Gyllensten, U., Ohlsson, C., Hofman, A., Rivadeneira, F., Uitterlinden, A.G., Pérusse, L., Wilson, J.F., Hayward, C., Polasek, O., Cucca, F., Hveem, K., Hartman, C.A., Tönjes, A., Bandinelli, S., Palmer, L.J., Kardia, SLR, Rauramaa, R., Sørensen, TIA, Tuomilehto, J., Salomaa, V., Penninx, BWJH, de Geus, EJC, Boomsma, D.I., Lehtimäki, T., Mangino, M., Laakso, M., Bouchard, C., Martin, N.G., Kuh, D., Liu, Y., Linneberg, A., März, W., Strauch, K., Kivimäki, M., Harris, T.B., Gudnason, V., Völzke, H., Qi, L., Järvelin, M.R., Chambers, J.C., Kooner, J.S., Froguel, P., Kooperberg, C., Vollenweider, P., Hallmans, G., Hansen, T., Pedersen, O., Metspalu, A., Wareham, N.J., Langenberg, C., Weir, D.R., Porteous, D.J., Boerwinkle, E., Chasman, D.I., CHARGE, Consortium, EPIC-InterAct, Consortium, PAGE, Consortium, Abecasis, G.R., Barroso, I., McCarthy, M.I., Frayling, T.M., O'Connell, J.R., van Duijn, C.M., Boehnke, M., Heid, I.M., Mohlke, K.L., Strachan, D.P., Fox, C.S., Liu, C.T., Hirschhorn, J.N., Klein, R.J., Johnson, A.D., Borecki, I.B., Franks, P.W., North, K.E., Cupples, L.A., Loos, RJF, Kilpeläinen, T.O., Graff, M., Scott, R.A., Justice, A.E., Young, K.L., Feitosa, M.F., Barata, L., Winkler, T.W., Chu, A.Y., Mahajan, A., Hadley, D., Xue, L., Workalemahu, T., Heard-Costa, N.L., den Hoed, M., Ahluwalia, T.S., Qi, Q., Ngwa, J.S., Renström, F., Quaye, L., Eicher, J.D., Hayes, J.E., Cornelis, M., Kutalik, Z., Lim, E., Luan, J., Huffman, J.E., Zhang, W., Zhao, W., Griffin, P.J., Haller, T., Ahmad, S., Marques-Vidal, P.M., Bien, S., Yengo, L., Teumer, A., Smith, A.V., Kumari, M., Harder, M.N., Justesen, J.M., Kleber, M.E., Hollensted, M., Lohman, K., Rivera, N.V., Whitfield, J.B., Zhao, J.H., Stringham, H.M., Lyytikäinen, L.P., Huppertz, C., Willemsen, G., Peyrot, W.J., Wu, Y., Kristiansson, K., Demirkan, A., Fornage, M., Hassinen, M., Bielak, L.F., Cadby, G., Tanaka, T., Mägi, R., van der Most, P.J., Jackson, A.U., Bragg-Gresham, J.L., Vitart, V., Marten, J., Navarro, P., Bellis, C., Pasko, D., Johansson, Å., Snitker, S., Cheng, Y.C., Eriksson, J., Lim, U., Aadahl, M., Adair, L.S., Amin, N., Balkau, B., Auvinen, J., Beilby, J., Bergman, R.N., Bergmann, S., Bertoni, A.G., Blangero, J., Bonnefond, A., Bonnycastle, L.L., Borja, J.B., Brage, S., Busonero, F., Buyske, S., Campbell, H., Chines, P.S., Collins, F.S., Corre, T., Smith, G.D., Delgado, G.E., Dueker, N., Dörr, M., Ebeling, T., Eiriksdottir, G., Esko, T., Faul, J.D., Fu, M., Færch, K., Gieger, C., Gläser, S., Gong, J., Gordon-Larsen, P., Grallert, H., Grammer, T.B., Grarup, N., van Grootheest, G., Harald, K., Hastie, N.D., Havulinna, A.S., Hernandez, D., Hindorff, L., Hocking, L.J., Holmens, O.L., Holzapfel, C., Hottenga, J.J., Huang, J., Huang, T., Hui, J., Huth, C., Hutri-Kähönen, N., James, A.L., Jansson, J.O., Jhun, M.A., Juonala, M., Kinnunen, L., Koistinen, H.A., Kolcic, I., Komulainen, P., Kuusisto, J., Kvaløy, K., Kähönen, M., Lakka, T.A., Launer, L.J., Lehne, B., Lindgren, C.M., Lorentzon, M., Luben, R., Marre, M., Milaneschi, Y., Monda, K.L., Montgomery, G.W., De Moor, MHM, Mulas, A., Müller-Nurasyid, M., Musk, A.W., Männikkö, R., Männistö, S., Narisu, N., Nauck, M., Nettleton, J.A., Nolte, I.M., Oldehinkel, A.J., Olden, M., Ong, K.K., Padmanabhan, S., Paternoster, L., Perez, J., Perola, M., Peters, A., Peters, U., Peyser, P.A., Prokopenko, I., Puolijoki, H., Raitakari, O.T., Rankinen, T., Rasmussen-Torvik, L.J., Rawal, R., Ridker, P.M., Rose, L.M., Rudan, I., Sarti, C., Sarzynski, M.A., Savonen, K., Scott, W.R., Sanna, S., Shuldiner, A.R., Sidney, S., Silbernagel, G., Smith, B.H., Smith, J.A., Snieder, H., Stančáková, A., Sternfeld, B., Swift, A.J., Tammelin, T., Tan, S.T., Thorand, B., Thuillier, D., Vandenput, L., Vestergaard, H., van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, J.V., Vohl, M.C., Völker, U., Waeber, G., Walker, M., Wild, S., Wong, A., Wright, A.F., Zillikens, M.C., Zubair, N., Haiman, C.A., Lemarchand, L., Gyllensten, U., Ohlsson, C., Hofman, A., Rivadeneira, F., Uitterlinden, A.G., Pérusse, L., Wilson, J.F., Hayward, C., Polasek, O., Cucca, F., Hveem, K., Hartman, C.A., Tönjes, A., Bandinelli, S., Palmer, L.J., Kardia, SLR, Rauramaa, R., Sørensen, TIA, Tuomilehto, J., Salomaa, V., Penninx, BWJH, de Geus, EJC, Boomsma, D.I., Lehtimäki, T., Mangino, M., Laakso, M., Bouchard, C., Martin, N.G., Kuh, D., Liu, Y., Linneberg, A., März, W., Strauch, K., Kivimäki, M., Harris, T.B., Gudnason, V., Völzke, H., Qi, L., Järvelin, M.R., Chambers, J.C., Kooner, J.S., Froguel, P., Kooperberg, C., Vollenweider, P., Hallmans, G., Hansen, T., Pedersen, O., Metspalu, A., Wareham, N.J., Langenberg, C., Weir, D.R., Porteous, D.J., Boerwinkle, E., Chasman, D.I., CHARGE, Consortium, EPIC-InterAct, Consortium, PAGE, Consortium, Abecasis, G.R., Barroso, I., McCarthy, M.I., Frayling, T.M., O'Connell, J.R., van Duijn, C.M., Boehnke, M., Heid, I.M., Mohlke, K.L., Strachan, D.P., Fox, C.S., Liu, C.T., Hirschhorn, J.N., Klein, R.J., Johnson, A.D., Borecki, I.B., Franks, P.W., North, K.E., Cupples, L.A., Loos, RJF, and Kilpeläinen, T.O.

Abstract

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006528.].

Published
2017

36. Effects of leisure-time physical activity on vertebral dimensions in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966

Author

Oura, P. (Petteri), Paananen, M. (Markus), Niinimäki, J. (Jaakko), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Herrala, S. (Sauli), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Korpelainen, R. (Raija), Junno, J.-A. (Juho-Antti), Karppinen, J. (Jaro), Oura, P. (Petteri), Paananen, M. (Markus), Niinimäki, J. (Jaakko), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Herrala, S. (Sauli), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Korpelainen, R. (Raija), Junno, J.-A. (Juho-Antti), and Karppinen, J. (Jaro)

Abstract

Vertebral fractures are a common burden amongst elderly and late middle aged people. Vertebral cross-sectional area (CSA) is a major determinant of vertebral strength and thus associated with vertebral fracture risk. Previous studies suggest that physical activity affects vertebral CSA. We aimed to investigate the relationship between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) from adolescence to middle age and vertebral dimensions in adulthood. We utilized the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966, of which 1188 subjects had records of LTPA at 14, 31 and 46 years, and had undergone lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at the mean age of 47 years. Using MRI data, we measured eight dimensions of the L4 vertebra. Socioeconomic status, smoking habits, height and weight were also recorded at 14, 31 and 46 years. We obtained lifetime LTPA (14–46 years of age) trajectories using latent class analysis, which resulted in three categories (active, moderately active, inactive) in both genders. Linear regression analysis was used to analyze the association between LTPA and vertebral CSA with adjustments for vertebral height, BMI, socioeconomic status and smoking. High lifetime LTPA was associated with larger vertebral CSA in women but not men. Further research is needed to investigate the factors behind the observed gender-related differences.

Published
2016

37. Lifelong physical activity and cardiovascular autonomic function in midlife

Author

Kiviniemi, A. M. (Antti M.), Perkiömäki, N. (Nelli), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Herrala, S. (Sauli), Hautala, A. J. (Arto J.), Ahola, R. (Riikka), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Tulppo, M. P. (Mikko P.), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Korpelainen, R. (Raija), Huikuri, H. V. (Heikki V.), Kiviniemi, A. M. (Antti M.), Perkiömäki, N. (Nelli), Auvinen, J. (Juha), Herrala, S. (Sauli), Hautala, A. J. (Arto J.), Ahola, R. (Riikka), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Tulppo, M. P. (Mikko P.), Järvelin, M.-R. (Marjo-Riitta), Korpelainen, R. (Raija), and Huikuri, H. V. (Heikki V.)

Abstract

Purpose: Physical activity (PA) associates with cardiovascular autonomic function but the relationship with lifelong PA is unclear. We hypothesized that lifelong PA would associate with cardiovascular autonomic function in mid-life. Methods: At the age of 46, the subjects of the prospective Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 were invited to examinations where vagally-mediated heart rate variability (rMSSD) and cross-spectral baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) were analysed from 3-min recordings of ECG and blood pressure in seated and standing positions. Three lifelong PA trajectory groups (active, semi-active and inactive) were formed according to their self-reported frequencies of participation in PA at the ages of 14, 31 and 46. Finally, 1,283 men and 1,779 women without cardiorespiratory diseases and diabetes had complete data on lifelong PA, covariates and rMSSD, and 662 men and 807 women for BRS. Results: In both sexes and measurement conditions, the active (p<0.01) and semi-active groups (p<0.05) had greater rMSSD than the inactive group, and the highest BRS was observed in the active group (ANOVA p=0.001–0.032). In men, these differences were not significant when adjusted for 46-year lifestyle (smoking, alcohol consumption, sleep, and sitting time), body mass index, waist-hip-ratio, blood pressure, lipid and glucose status. In women, lifelong PA remained a significant independent determinant of seated and standing rMSSD and standing BRS. Conclusion: Higher lifelong PA was associated with better cardiovascular autonomic function in mid-life. In women, this effect was independent but in men, it seemed to be mediated by the other lifestyle and cardiometabolic factors.

Published
2016

38. Elintapaohjausinterventioiden vaikuttavuus ylipainoisten ja lihavien nuorten fyysiseen aktiivisuuteen ja elintapamuutokseen sitoutumiseen

Author

Kyngäs, H. (Helvi), Kääriäinen, M. (Maria), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), Ruotsalainen, H. (Heidi), Kyngäs, H. (Helvi), Kääriäinen, M. (Maria), Tammelin, T. (Tuija), and Ruotsalainen, H. (Heidi)

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to describe and evaluate the effectiveness of lifestyle counseling interventions on physical activity, body mass index and adherence to lifestyle change in overweight and obese adolescents. Further, the study aimed to describe and evaluate parents’ adherence to a change in lifestyle in their family. The aim was to promote overweight and obese adolescents’ health and develop an effective lifestyle counseling intervention. In the first phase, a systematic literature review was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of earlier interventions (n=14) on overweight and obese adolescents’ subsequent physical activity, body mass indices and psychological symptoms. In the second phase, the feasibility of developed interventions was assessed with an expert panel. In the third phase the effectiveness of Facebook-delivered lifestyle counseling intervention (Fb) and lifestyle counseling with physical activity self-monitoring (Fb+Act) were evaluated using a randomized controlled trial. A total of 504 overweight or obese adolescents from Northern Finland were invited to study. Adolescents who participated (n=46) and their parents (n=49) were randomly assigned to experimental or control groups. The effectiveness of earlier lifestyle counseling interventions on adolescents’ physical activity and body mass indices were small. The effectiveness of interventions developed in this study on adolescents’ physical activity, body mass indices were small. The Fb+Act group had lower sedentary time compared to the control group during post-intervention measurements. The Fb group body mass index decreased. Adherence to increasing physical activity decreased in adolescents and their parents., Tiivistelmä Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli kuvata ja arvioida interventioiden vaikuttavuutta ylipainoisten ja lihavien 13–16-vuotiaiden nuorten fyysiseen aktiivisuuteen, painoindeksiin ja elintapamuutokseen sitoutumiseen. Lisäksi kuvattiin ja arvioitiin nuorten vanhempien sitoutumista perheen elintapamuutokseen. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli edistää ylipainoisten ja lihavien nuorten terveyttä ja kehittää vaikutuksiltaan tehokas elintapaohjausinterventio. Tutkimuksen ensimmäisessä vaiheessa systemaattisen kirjallisuuskatsauksen avulla arvioitiin aikaisempien interventioiden (n=14) vaikuttavuutta ylipainoisten ja lihavien nuorten fyysiseen aktiivisuuteen, painoindeksiin ja psykologisiin tekijöihin. Toisessa vaiheessa arvioitiin suunniteltujen interventioiden toteutettavuutta asiantuntijapaneelilla. Kolmannessa vaiheessa arvioitiin sosiaalista mediaa hyödyntävän elintapaohjausintervention (some) ja elintapaohjausinterventio yhdistettynä fyysisen aktiivisuuden omaseurantaan (some+fa) vaikuttavuutta satunnaistetulla kontrolloidulla kokeella. Tutkimukseen kutsuttiin Pohjois-Suomesta 504 ylipainoista tai lihavaa nuorta vanhempineen ja tutkimukseen osallistuneet nuoret (n=46) ja heidän vanhempansa (n=49) satunnaistettiin koe- ja kontrolliryhmiin. Systemaattisen kirjallisuuskatsauksen mukaan interventioiden vaikuttavuus ylipainoisten ja lihavien nuorten fyysiseen aktiivisuuteen ja painoindeksiin ovat olleet vähäisiä. Tässä tutkimuksessa kehitettyjen interventioiden vaikuttavuus ylipainoisten ja lihavien nuorten painoindeksiin ja fyysiseen aktiivisuuteen oli vähäinen. Some+fa -ryhmän liikkumaton aika oli vähäisempi verrattuna kontrolliryhmään (p=0,021). Some-ryhmän nuorten painoindeksi laski. Nuorten ja vanhempien osalta sitoutuminen fyysisen aktiivisuuden lisäämiseen laski.

Published
2016

39. Nordic Monitoring of diet, physical activity and overweight : Validation of indicators

Author

Fagt, S, Andersen, LF, Anderssen, SA, Becker, W, Borodulin, K, Fogelholm, M, Groth, MV, Gunnarsdottir, I, Helakorpi, S, Kolle E, E, Matthiessen, J, Rosenlund-Sørensen, M, Simonen, R, Sveinsson, T, Tammelin, T, Thorgeirsdottir, H, Valsta, L, and Trolle, E

Subjects
Heilsa, Næringsmidler, Børn og unge, Börn og unglingar, lapset ja nuoret, Matvæli, population characteristics, elintarvikkeet, Fødevarer, Barn og unge, Helse, terveys, Sundhed
Abstract

In 2007, a Nordic working group was established with the aim to describe a future Nordic monitoring system on diet, physical activity and overweight. The monitoring system should be simple and at relatively low cost. Therefore it has been decided to conduct the moni-toring as a telephone interview. In 2009, the indicator questions were validated against an objective method (physical activity) or existing survey methods (diet) and the present report mainly describes the validation studies. On basis of the validation studies the working group suggests that the indicators are used in a future monitoring system. In 2011 and 2013 the first collection of data in all Nordic countries will take place.

Published
2012

40. Physical activity from adolescence to adulthood and health-related fitness at age 31:cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses of the Northern Finland birth cohort of 1966

Author

Tammelin, T. (Tuija)

Subjects
obesity, exercise, adult, pitkittäistutkimus, liikunta, sosiaalinen asema, fyysinen kunto, aikuisuus, work, adolescent, physical fitness, longitudinal studies, lihavuus, nuoruus, social class, sports, leisure activities, ruumiillinen työ
Abstract

Regular physical activity, a high level of cardiorespiratory fitness and the maintenance of normal weight are strongly associated with several positive health outcomes across the lifespan. The aim of this study was to evaluate how physical activity and social status in adolescence are associated with physical activity in adulthood, and how a change in the level of physical activity from adolescence to adulthood is associated with overall and abdominal obesity in adulthood. This study also evaluated the relationship between occupational physical activity and physical fitness and produced reference values of cardiorespiratory fitness for males and females aged 31 years. The study population consisted of the Northern Finland birth cohort of 1966 (N = 12,058). Data on physical activity and social situation at 14 and 31 years were collected by postal inquiries in 1980 and in 1997–1998, respectively. Cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular fitness and obesity were measured at medical examination at age 31. Participation in sports twice a week or more after school hours, being a member in a sports club and a high grade in school sports at age 14 were associated with a high level of physical activity at age 31. Adolescent participation in rather intensive endurance sports, and some sports that require or encourage diversified sports skills appeared to be the most beneficial with respect to the enhancement of adult physical activity. Low social class and poor school achievements were associated with physical inactivity at age 14. Poor school achievements at age 14 were also associated with physical inactivity at age 31. Becoming inactive during the transition from adolescence to adulthood was associated with overall obesity in both genders and abdominal obesity in females at 31 years. A linear dose-response relationship was observed between the frequency of participation in brisk exercise and cardiorespiratory fitness. The mean peak oxygen uptake was 43 ml·kg-1·min-1 in males and 34 ml·kg-1·min-1 in females. Very low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness were associated with a combination of infrequent participation in brisk exercise and increased body mass index. High level of occupational physical activity was associated with a high level of physical fitness, but low level of leisure-time physical activity at age 31. The enhancement of regular participation in physical activity across the lifespan is an important challenge for public health promotion. The present results that define the predictors and correlates of physical activity can be used to identify the target groups for interventions to enhance continuous participation in physical activities. New information on physical fitness of young adults is useful in physical activity counseling when fitness test results are interpreted and the need for health-enhancing or fitness-improving physical activity is evaluated. Tiivistelmä Säännöllinen liikunta, hyvä fyysinen kunto ja normaali paino ovat yhteydessä hyvään terveyteen. Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää, miten liikunta-aktiivisuus ja sosiaaliset tekijät nuoruusiässä ovat yhteydessä liikunta-aktiivisuuteen aikuisena, sekä miten liikunta-aktiivisuuden muutos nuoruudesta aikuisikään on yhteydessä lihavuuteen ja keskivartalolihavuuteen aikuisena. Lisäksi selvitettiin raskaan ruumiillisen työn yhteyttä fyysiseen kuntoon nuorilla työntekijöillä ja luotiin aerobisen kunnon väestöpohjaiset viitearvot 31-vuotiaille. Tutkimusaineiston muodosti Pohjois-Suomen syntymäkohortti 1966 (N = 12058). Liikunta-aktiivisuus selvitettiin postikyselyin 14- ja 31-vuotiaana vuosina 1980 ja 1997–1998. Aerobinen kunto, lihaskunto, lihavuus ja keskivartalolihavuus mitattiin 31-vuotiaana terveystarkastuksessa. Urheilun harrastaminen kaksi kertaa viikossa tai useammin kouluajan ulkopuolella, kuuluminen urheiluseuraan ja hyvä liikuntanumero 14-vuotiaana olivat yhteydessä aktiiviseen liikkumiseen 31-vuotiaana. Intensiivisten kestävyyslajien sekä tiettyjen monipuolisia taitoja vaativien tai kehittävien lajien harrastaminen nuorena oli voimakkaimmin yhteydessä aktiiviseen liikkumiseen aikuisena. Heikko sosioekonominen asema ja heikko koulumenestys olivat yhteydessä liikkumattomuuteen 14-vuotiaana. Heikko koulumenestys 14-vuotiaana ennusti liikkumattomuutta myös 31-vuotiaana. Muutos liikunnallisesti aktiivisesta inaktiiviseksi 14 ja 31 ikävuoden välillä oli sekä miehillä että naisilla yhteydessä lihavuuteen ja naisilla keskivartalolihavuuteen 31-vuotiaana. Maksimaalinen hapenottokyky oli kohortin 31-vuotiailla miehillä keskimäärin 43 ml·kg-1·min-1 ja naisilla 34 ml·kg-1·min-1. Ripeän liikunnan harrastaminen oli positiivisesti ja lineaarisesti yhteydessä maksimaaliseen hapenottokykyyn. Erittäin matala maksimaalinen hapenottokyky havaittiin niillä 31-vuotiailla, jotka harrastivat harvoin ripeää liikuntaa ja olivat ylipainoisia tai lihavia. Raskas ruumiillinen työ oli yhteydessä hyvään fyysiseen kuntoon mutta vähäiseen vapaa-ajan liikuntaan 31-vuotiailla työntekijöillä. Liikunta-aktiivisuuden tukeminen elämänkulun eri vaiheissa on tärkeä haaste terveyden edistämisessä. Tämän tutkimuksen tuloksia liikkumattomuuteen liittyvistä nuoruusiän ja aikuisiän tekijöistä voidaan hyödyntää, kun määritellään kohderyhmiä interventioihin elinikäisen liikunnan edistämiseksi. Tuloksia nuorten aikuisten fyysiseen kuntoon liittyvistä tekijöistä voidaan hyödyntää käytännön liikuntaneuvonnassa, kun tulkitaan kuntotestien tuloksia ja määritellään tarvetta terveyttä edistävän ja fyysistä kuntoa kohottavan liikunnan lisäämiseksi.

Published
2003

41. Temporal associations between daytime physical activity and sleep in children

Author

Pesonen, AK, Sjöstén, NM, Matthews, KA, Heinonen, K, Martikainen, S, Kajantie, E, Tammelin, T, Eriksson, JG, Strandberg, T, Räikkönen, K, Pesonen, AK, Sjöstén, NM, Matthews, KA, Heinonen, K, Martikainen, S, Kajantie, E, Tammelin, T, Eriksson, JG, Strandberg, T, and Räikkönen, K

Abstract

Objectives: We examined temporal associations between objectively-measured physical activity (PA) during the day and in the evening, and sleep quantity and quality. Study Design: PA and sleep were measured by actigraphs for an average of one week in an epidemiological cohort study of 275 eight-year-old children. Results: For each one standard deviation (SD) unit of increased PA during the day, sleep duration was decreased by 0.30, sleep efficiency by 0.16, and sleep fragmentation increased by 0.08 SD units that night. For each one SD unit increase in sleep duration and efficiency the preceding night, PA the following day decreased by 0.09 and 0.16 SD units, respectively. When we contrasted days with a high amount of moderate to vigorous activity during the day or in the evening to days with a more sedentary profile, the results were essentially similar. However, moderate to vigorous PA in the evening shortened sleep latency. Conclusions: The relationship between a higher level of PA and poorer sleep is bidirectional. These within-person findings challenge epidemiological findings showing that more active people report better sleep. Since only a few studies using objective measurements of both PA and sleep have been conducted in children, further studies are needed to confirm/refute these results. © 2011 Pesonen et al.

Published
2011

44. Educational differences in estimated and measured physical fitness

Author

Valkeinen, H., primary, Harald, K., additional, Borodulin, K., additional, Makinen, T. E., additional, Heliovaara, M., additional, Leino-Arjas, P., additional, Sainio, P., additional, Kestila, L., additional, Kunst, A., additional, Rahkonen, O., additional, Tammelin, T., additional, Harkanen, T., additional, and Prattala, R., additional

Published
2013
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47. Interaction between cellulose and xylan : An atomic force microscope and quartz crystal microbalance study

Author

Paananen, A., Österberg, B., Rutland, Mark, Tammelin, T., Saarinen, T., Tappura, K., Stenius, P., Paananen, A., Österberg, B., Rutland, Mark, Tammelin, T., Saarinen, T., Tappura, K., and Stenius, P.

Abstract

The atomic force microscope (AFM) colloidal probe technique has been used to investigate forces between cellulose beads as well as cellulose beads and mica in aqueous solution, and the interaction between cellulose surfaces in xylan solutions. Several observations of the behaviour of the cellulose beads were made. Swelling of the beads in aqueous solutions is rather slow. Thus, it is important to let the beads equilibrate before measurements. The beads are somewhat compressed when forced together to constant compliance, but relax back to their original shape in a few minutes. A long-range electrostatic repulsion between cellulose and mica occurs on approach. The xylan concentration in solution affects the forces between two cellulose surfaces. When the concentration increases from 10-100 mg/l more xylan adsorbs slowly and irreversibly on the cellulose leading to an increasingly long-range and stronger repulsion between the surfaces on approach. Adhesion between the layers is very low and seems to be due to entanglement of polymer chains. Studies of the adsorption of xylan (100 mg/l) on cellulose films with a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) verify that a thick, water-swollen layer of xylan is formed by slow adsorption. It has been proposed that adsorbed xylan on fibre surfaces increases paper strength. We conclude that this must be associated with the behaviour of the adsorbed layers of xylan on drying., QC 20111018

Published
2004

48. Life-Course Analysis of a Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated (FTO) Gene Variant and Body Mass Index in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Using Structural Equation Modeling

Author

Kaakinen, M., primary, Laara, E., additional, Pouta, A., additional, Hartikainen, A.-L., additional, Laitinen, J., additional, Tammelin, T. H., additional, Herzig, K.-H., additional, Sovio, U., additional, Bennett, A. J., additional, Peltonen, L., additional, McCarthy, M. I., additional, Elliott, P., additional, De Stavola, B., additional, and Jarvelin, M.-R., additional

Published
2010
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