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1. Reference Values of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test Parameters in the Contemporary Paediatric Population

Author

Pascal Amedro, Stefan Matecki, Taissa Pereira dos Santos, Sophie Guillaumont, Jonathan Rhodes, Suellen Moli Yin, Alfred Hager, Julia Hock, Gregoire De La Villeon, Johan Moreau, Anne Requirand, Luc Souilla, Marie Vincenti, Marie-Christine Picot, Helena Huguet, Thibault Mura, and Arthur Gavotto

Subjects
Physical fitness, Aerobic exercise, Maximal breathing capacity, Children, Z-score, Sports medicine, RC1200-1245
Abstract

Abstract Background The evaluation of health status by cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) has shown increasing interest in the paediatric population. Our group recently established reference Z-score values for paediatric cycle ergometer VO2max, applicable to normal and extreme weights, from a cohort of 1141 healthy children. There are currently no validated reference values for the other CPET parameters in the paediatric population. This study aimed to establish, from the same cohort, reference Z-score values for the main paediatric cycle ergometer CPET parameters, apart from VO2max. Results In this cross-sectional study, 909 healthy children aged 5–18 years old underwent a CPET. Linear, quadratic, and polynomial mathematical regression equations were applied to identify the best CPET parameters Z-scores, according to anthropometric parameters (sex, age, height, weight, and BMI). This study provided Z-scores for maximal CPET parameters (heart rate, respiratory exchange ratio, workload, and oxygen pulse), submaximal CPET parameters (ventilatory anaerobic threshold, VE/VCO2 slope, and oxygen uptake efficiency slope), and maximum ventilatory CPET parameters (tidal volume, respiratory rate, breathing reserve, and ventilatory equivalent for CO2 and O2). Conclusions This study defined paediatric reference Z-score values for the main cycle ergometer CPET parameters, in addition to the existing reference values for VO2max, applicable to children of normal and extreme weights. Providing Z-scores for CPET parameters in the paediatric population should be useful in the follow-up of children with various chronic diseases. Thus, new paediatric research fields are opening up, such as prognostic studies and clinical trials using cardiopulmonary fitness outcomes. Trial registration NCT04876209—Registered 6 May 2021—Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04876209 .

Published
2023
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2. Haemagogus leucocelaenus and Haemagogus janthinomys are the primary vectors in the major yellow fever outbreak in Brazil, 2016–2018

Author

Filipe Vieira Santos de Abreu, Ieda Pereira Ribeiro, Anielly Ferreira-de-Brito, Alexandre Araujo Cunha dos Santos, Rafaella Moraes de Miranda, Iule de Souza Bonelly, Maycon Sebastião Alberto Santos Neves, Maria Ignez Bersot, Taissa Pereira dos Santos, Marcelo Quintela Gomes, José Luis da Silva, Alessandro Pecego Martins Romano, Roberta Gomes Carvalho, Rodrigo Fabiano do Carmo Said, Mario Sergio Ribeiro, Roberto da Costa Laperrière, Eduardo Oyama Lins Fonseca, Aloísio Falqueto, Christophe Paupy, Anna-Bella Failloux, Sara Moutailler, Marcia Gonçalves de Castro, Mariela Martínez Gómez, Monique de Albuquerque Motta, Myrna Cristina Bonaldo, and Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira

Subjects
Yellow fever, Atlantic forest, Haemagogus, Aedes, Sabethes, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

ABSTRACTThe yellow fever virus (YFV) caused a severe outbreak in Brazil in 2016–2018 that rapidly spread across the Atlantic Forest in its most populated region without viral circulation for almost 80 years. A comprehensive entomological survey combining analysis of distribution, abundance and YFV natural infection in mosquitoes captured before and during the outbreak was conducted in 44 municipalities of five Brazilian states. In total, 17,662 mosquitoes of 89 species were collected. Before evidence of virus circulation, mosquitoes were tested negative but traditional vectors were alarmingly detected in 82% of municipalities, revealing high receptivity to sylvatic transmission. During the outbreak, five species were found positive in 42% of municipalities. Haemagogus janthinomys and Hg. leucocelaenus are considered the primary vectors due to their large distribution combined with high abundance and natural infection rates, concurring together for the rapid spread and severity of this outbreak. Aedes taeniorhynchus was found infected for the first time, but like Sabethes chloropterus and Aedes scapularis, it appears to have a potential local or secondary role because of their low abundance, distribution and infection rates. There was no evidence of YFV transmission by Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti, although the former was the most widespread species across affected municipalities, presenting an important overlap between the niches of the sylvatic vectors and the anthropic ones. The definition of receptive areas, expansion of vaccination in the most affected age group and exposed populations and the adoption of universal vaccination to the entire Brazilian population need to be urgently implemented.

Published
2019
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3. Potential of Aedes albopictus as a bridge vector for enzootic pathogens at the urban-forest interface in Brazil

Author

Taissa Pereira dos Santos, David Roiz, Filipe Vieira Santos de Abreu, Sergio Luiz Bessa Luz, Marcelo Santalucia, Davy Jiolle, Maycon Sebastiao Alberto Santos Neves, Frédéric Simard, Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira, and Christophe Paupy

Subjects
Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Abstract The invasive species Aedes albopictus is present in 60% of Brazilian municipalities, including at the interfaces between urban settings and forests that are zoonotic arbovirus hotspots. We investigated Ae. albopictus colonization, adult dispersal and host feeding patterns in the anthropic-natural interface of three forested sites covering three biomes in Brazil in 2016. To evaluate whether an ecological overlap exists between Ae. albopictus and sylvatic yellow fever virus (YFV) in forests, we performed similar investigations in seven additional urban-forest interfaces where YFV circulated in 2017. We found Ae. albopictus in all forested sites. We detected eggs and adults up to 300 and 500 m into the forest, respectively, demonstrating that Ae. albopictus forest colonization and dispersal decrease with distance from the forest edge. Analysis of the host identity in blood-engorged females indicated that they fed mainly on humans and domestic mammals, suggesting rare contact with wildlife at the forest edge. Our results show that Ae. albopictus frequency declines as it penetrates into the forest and highlight its potential role as a bridge vector of zoonotic diseases at the edge of the Brazilian forests studied.

Published
2018
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4. Survey on Non-Human Primates and Mosquitoes Does not Provide Evidences of Spillover/Spillback between the Urban and Sylvatic Cycles of Yellow Fever and Zika Viruses Following Severe Outbreaks in Southeast Brazil

Author

Filipe Vieira Santos de Abreu, Anielly Ferreira-de-Brito, Adriana de Souza Azevedo, José Henrique Rezende Linhares, Vanessa de Oliveira Santos, Emily Hime Miranda, Maycon Sebastião Alberto Santos Neves, Lena Yousfi, Ieda Pereira Ribeiro, Alexandre Araújo Cunha dos Santos, Edmilson dos Santos, Taissa Pereira dos Santos, Danilo Simonini Teixeira, Marcelo Quintela Gomes, Camilla Bayma Fernandes, Andrea Marques Vieira da Silva, Monique da Rocha Queiroz Lima, Christophe Paupy, Alessandro Pecego Martins Romano, Ana Paula Dinis Ano Bom, Luzia Maria de Oliveira-Pinto, Sara Moutailler, Monique de Albuquerque Motta, Márcia Gonçalves Castro, Myrna Cristina Bonaldo, Sheila Maria Barbosa de Lima, and Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira

Subjects
arboviruses, flavivirus, serology, prnt, high throughput real time pcr, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

In the last decade, Flaviviruses such as yellow fever (YFV) and Zika (ZIKV) have expanded their transmission areas. These viruses originated in Africa, where they exhibit both sylvatic and interhuman transmission cycles. In Brazil, the risk of YFV urbanization has grown, with the sylvatic transmission approaching the most densely populated metropolis, while concern about ZIKV spillback to a sylvatic cycle has risen. To investigate these health threats, we carried out extensive collections and arbovirus screening of 144 free-living, non-human primates (NHPs) and 5219 mosquitoes before, during, and after ZIKV and YFV outbreaks (2015−2018) in southeast Brazil. ZIKV infection was not detected in any NHP collected at any time. In contrast, current and previous YFV infections were detected in NHPs sampled between 2017 and 2018, but not before the onset of the YFV outbreak. Mosquito pools screened by high-throughput PCR were positive for YFV when captured in the wild and during the YFV outbreak, but were negative for 94 other arboviruses, including ZIKV, regardless of the time of collection. In conclusion, there was no evidence of YFV transmission in coastal southeast Brazil before the current outbreak, nor the spread or establishment of an independent sylvatic cycle of ZIKV or urban Aedes aegypti transmission of YFV in the region. In view of the region’s receptivity and vulnerability to arbovirus transmission, surveillance of NHPs and mosquitoes should be strengthened and continuous.

Published
2020
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5. A New High-Throughput Tool to Screen Mosquito-Borne Viruses in Zika Virus Endemic/Epidemic Areas

Author

Sara Moutailler, Lena Yousfi, Laurence Mousson, Elodie Devillers, Marie Vazeille, Anubis Vega-Rúa, Yvon Perrin, Frédéric Jourdain, Fabrice Chandre, Arnaud Cannet, Sandrine Chantilly, Johana Restrepo, Amandine Guidez, Isabelle Dusfour, Filipe Vieira Santos de Abreu, Taissa Pereira dos Santos, Davy Jiolle, Tessa M. Visser, Constantianus J. M. Koenraadt, Merril Wongsokarijo, Mawlouth Diallo, Diawo Diallo, Alioune Gaye, Sébastien Boyer, Veasna Duong, Géraldine Piorkowski, Christophe Paupy, Ricardo Lourenco de Oliveira, Xavier de Lamballerie, and Anna-Bella Failloux

Subjects
mosquito-borne viruses, molecular epidemiology, surveillance, microfluidic analysis, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Mosquitoes are vectors of arboviruses affecting animal and human health. Arboviruses circulate primarily within an enzootic cycle and recurrent spillovers contribute to the emergence of human-adapted viruses able to initiate an urban cycle involving anthropophilic mosquitoes. The increasing volume of travel and trade offers multiple opportunities for arbovirus introduction in new regions. This scenario has been exemplified recently with the Zika pandemic. To incriminate a mosquito as vector of a pathogen, several criteria are required such as the detection of natural infections in mosquitoes. In this study, we used a high-throughput chip based on the BioMark™ Dynamic arrays system capable of detecting 64 arboviruses in a single experiment. A total of 17,958 mosquitoes collected in Zika-endemic/epidemic countries (Brazil, French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Suriname, Senegal, and Cambodia) were analyzed. Here we show that this new tool can detect endemic and epidemic viruses in different mosquito species in an epidemic context. Thus, this fast and low-cost method can be suggested as a novel epidemiological surveillance tool to identify circulating arboviruses.

Published
2019
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6. Survey on Non-Human Primates and Mosquitoes Does not Provide Evidences of Spillover/Spillback between the Urban and Sylvatic Cycles of Yellow Fever and Zika Viruses Following Severe Outbreaks in Southeast Brazil

Author

Edmilson Moutinho dos Santos, Taissa Pereira dos Santos, Marcelo Quintela Gomes, Danilo Simonini Teixeira, Maycon Sebastião Alberto Santos Neves, Vanessa de Oliveira Santos, Filipe Vieira Santos de Abreu, Christophe Paupy, Andréa Marques Vieira da Silva, Camilla Bayma Fernandes, Márcia Gonçalves de Castro, Luzia Maria de Oliveira-Pinto, Sara Moutailler, Myrna C. Bonaldo, José Henrique Rezende Linhares, Sheila Maria Barbosa de Lima, Ana Paula Dinis Ano Bom, Lena Yousfi, Emily Hime Miranda, Adriana de Souza Azevedo, Alessandro Pecego Martins Romano, Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira, Ieda Pereira Ribeiro, Monique da Rocha Queiroz Lima, Alexandre Dos Santos, Anielly Ferreira-de-Brito, Monique de Albuquerque Motta, Biologie moléculaire et immunologie parasitaires et fongiques (BIPAR), École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA)-Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Dozulé, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Diversity, ecology, evolution & Adaptation of arthropod vectors (MIVEGEC-DEEVA), Evolution des Systèmes Vectoriels (ESV), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Dozulé, École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA)-Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Normandie, and Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Primates, Genotype, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030231 tropical medicine, lcsh:QR1-502, serology, Aedes aegypti, Genome, Viral, Mosquito Vectors, Biology, Arbovirus, lcsh:Microbiology, Article, law.invention, Disease Outbreaks, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Virology, Yellow Fever, parasitic diseases, medicine, ZikV Infection, Animals, Zika Virus Infection, flavivirus, Flavivirus, Yellow fever, PRNT, Outbreak, Zika Virus, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, high throughput real time PCR, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Transmission (mechanics), arboviruses, Sylvatic cycle, Yellow fever virus, Brazil
Abstract

In the last decade, Flaviviruses such as yellow fever (YFV) and Zika (ZIKV) have expanded their transmission areas. These viruses originated in Africa, where they exhibit both sylvatic and interhuman transmission cycles. In Brazil, the risk of YFV urbanization has grown, with the sylvatic transmission approaching the most densely populated metropolis, while concern about ZIKV spillback to a sylvatic cycle has risen. To investigate these health threats, we carried out extensive collections and arbovirus screening of 144 free-living, non-human primates (NHPs) and 5219 mosquitoes before, during, and after ZIKV and YFV outbreaks (2015&ndash, 2018) in southeast Brazil. ZIKV infection was not detected in any NHP collected at any time. In contrast, current and previous YFV infections were detected in NHPs sampled between 2017 and 2018, but not before the onset of the YFV outbreak. Mosquito pools screened by high-throughput PCR were positive for YFV when captured in the wild and during the YFV outbreak, but were negative for 94 other arboviruses, including ZIKV, regardless of the time of collection. In conclusion, there was no evidence of YFV transmission in coastal southeast Brazil before the current outbreak, nor the spread or establishment of an independent sylvatic cycle of ZIKV or urban Aedes aegypti transmission of YFV in the region. In view of the region&rsquo, s receptivity and vulnerability to arbovirus transmission, surveillance of NHPs and mosquitoes should be strengthened and continuous.

Published
2020
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7. Dengue serotype circulation in natural populations of Aedes aegypti

Author

Anielly Ferreira de Brito, Rosilene de Alcântra, Renato Cesar Maspero, Taissa Pereira dos Santos, Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira, Flavia Barreto dos Santos, Oswaldo Gonsalvez Cruz, Nildimar Alves Honório, Keli Antunes Barbosa da Silva, and Márcia Gonçalves de Castro

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Aedes albopictus, viruses, Veterinary (miscellaneous), 030231 tropical medicine, 030106 microbiology, Aedes aegypti, Biology, Dengue virus, Serogroup, medicine.disease_cause, Dengue fever, Dengue, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Aedes, medicine, Animals, Humans, Chikungunya, Cities, Transmission (medicine), fungi, virus diseases, Dengue Virus, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, Insect Vectors, Infectious Diseases, Insect Science, Vector (epidemiology), Female, Parasitology, Seasons, Brazil
Abstract

Ae. aegypti is the main vector of dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), and chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses. The transmission dynamics of these arboviruses, especially the arboviral circulation in the mosquito population during low and high transmission seasons in endemic areas are still poorly understood. We conducted an entomological survey to determine dengue infection rates in Ae. aegypti and Aedes albopictus. These collections were performed in 2012-2013 during a Rio de Janeiro epidemic, just before the introduction and spread of ZIKV and CHIKV in the city. MosquiTrap© and BG-Sentinel traps were installed in three fixed and seven itinerant neighborhoods each month over ten months. Mosquitoes were in supernatants pools tested and individually confirmed for DENV infection using RT-PCR. A total of 3053 Aedes mosquitos were captured and Ae. aegypti was much more frequent (92.9%) than Ae. albopictus (6.8%). Ae. aegypti females accounted for 71.8% of captured mosquitoes by MosquitTrap© and were the only species found naturally infected with DENV (infection rate=0.81%). Only one Ae. aegypti male, collected by BG-sentinel, was also tested positive for DENV. The peak of DENV-positive mosquitoes coincided the season of the highest incidence of human cases. The most common serotypes detected in mosquitoes were DENV-3 (24%) and DENV-1 (24%), followed by DENV-4 (20%), DENV-2 (8%) and DENV-1 plus DENV4 (4%), while 95% of laboratory-confirmed human infections in the period were due to DENV-4. These contrasting results suggest silent maintenance of DENV serotypes during the epidemics, reinforcing the importance of entomological and viral surveillance in endemic areas.

Published
2017
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8. A New High-Throughput Tool to Screen Mosquito-Borne Viruses in Zika Virus Endemic/Epidemic Areas

Author

Yvon Perrin, Mawlouth Diallo, Frédéric Jourdain, Amandine Guidez, Xavier de Lamballerie, Marie Vazeille, Isabelle Dusfour, Anubis Vega-Rúa, Davy Jiolle, Johana Restrepo, Lena Yousfi, Géraldine Piorkowski, Fabrice Chandre, Alioune Gaye, Filipe Vieira Santos de Abreu, Sara Moutailler, Anna-Bella Failloux, Merril Wongsokarijo, Tessa M. Visser, Sandrine Chantilly, Constantianus J. M. Koenraadt, Diawo Diallo, Laurence Mousson, Christophe Paupy, Taissa Pereira dos Santos, Sébastien Boyer, Ricardo Lourenço de Oliveira, Arnaud Cannet, Veasna Duong, Elodie Devillers, Biologie moléculaire et immunologie parasitaires et fongiques (BIPAR), Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Dozulé, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Arbovirus et Insectes Vecteurs, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut Pasteur de la Guadeloupe, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre national d'expertise des vecteurs, Montpellier (CNEV), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Collectivité Territoriale de Guyane (CTG), Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Public Health Central Laboratory of Suriname, Public health, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), This work was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under ZIKAlliance Grant Agreement no. 734548. The project also received funding from the 2014 PTR Anses-Institut Pasteur project (N° 511) for CHIPARBO, and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under EVAg Grant Agreement no. 653316, and from an 'Investissement d’Avenir' ‘grant from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (CEBA ANR-10-LABX-2501 grant) supporting the project TIGERAMAZON.. The French General Directorate of Health funded the work performed in Guadeloupe and French Guiana. The Programme Opérationnel FEDER-Guadeloupe-Conseil Régional 2014–2020 (grant 2015-FED-192) supported the researchers from Guadeloupe., We thank Christelle Delannay and the staff of the Regional Health Agency of Guadeloupe for their support during the sampling campaigns, ANR-10-LABX-25-01/10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010), European Project: 734548,ZIKAlliance(2016), European Project: 653316,H2020,H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015,EVAg(2015), Arbovirus et Insectes Vecteurs - Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Vector Control Group (MIVEGEC-VCG), Evolution des Systèmes Vectoriels (ESV), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Diversity, ecology, evolution & Adaptation of arthropod vectors (MIVEGEC-DEEVA), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), ANR-10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010), École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Normandie, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), and École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Dozulé

Subjects
Male, Endemic Diseases, mosquito-borne viruses, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], viruses, lcsh:QR1-502, Pilot Projects, Disease Vectors, molecular epidemiology, lcsh:Microbiology, Zika virus, Human health, Pandemic, Laboratory of Entomology, Guadeloupe, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0303 health sciences, Suriname, biology, Zika Virus Infection, virus diseases, PE&RC, Senegal, French Guiana, 3. Good health, Epidemiological Monitoring, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, surveillance, RNA, Viral, Enzootic, Female, Cambodia, Brazil, Context (language use), Mosquito Vectors, Arbovirus Infections, Arbovirus, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, parasitic diseases, medicine, Animals, Humans, Epidemics, 030304 developmental biology, 030306 microbiology, fungi, Zika Virus, Mosquito-borne viruses, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Laboratorium voor Entomologie, Virology, High-Throughput Screening Assays, Culicidae, Vector (epidemiology), microfluidic analysis, Arboviruses
Abstract

Mosquitoes are vectors of arboviruses affecting animal and human health. Arboviruses circulate primarily within an enzootic cycle and recurrent spillovers contribute to the emergence of human-adapted viruses able to initiate an urban cycle involving anthropophilic mosquitoes. The increasing volume of travel and trade offers multiple opportunities for arbovirus introduction in new regions. This scenario has been exemplified recently with the Zika pandemic. To incriminate a mosquito as vector of a pathogen, several criteria are required such as the detection of natural infections in mosquitoes. In this study, we used a high-throughput chip based on the BioMark&trade, Dynamic arrays system capable of detecting 64 arboviruses in a single experiment. A total of 17,958 mosquitoes collected in Zika-endemic/epidemic countries (Brazil, French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Suriname, Senegal, and Cambodia) were analyzed. Here we show that this new tool can detect endemic and epidemic viruses in different mosquito species in an epidemic context. Thus, this fast and low-cost method can be suggested as a novel epidemiological surveillance tool to identify circulating arboviruses.

Published
2019
Full Text
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9. Haemagogus leucocelaenus and Haemagogus janthinomys are the primary vectors in the major yellow fever outbreak in Brazil, 2016-2018

Author

Aloísio Falqueto, Maria Ignez Lima Bersot, Monique de Albuquerque Motta, Anna-Bella Failloux, Ieda Pereira Ribeiro, Mario Sergio Ribeiro, Eduardo Oyama Lins Fonseca, Alessandro Pecego Martins Romano, Iule de Souza Bonelly, Mariela Martínez Gómez, Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira, José Luis da Silva, Taissa Pereira dos Santos, Myrna C. Bonaldo, Rafaella Moraes de Miranda, Roberto da Costa Laperrière, Rodrigo Fabiano do Carmo Said, Christophe Paupy, Márcia Gonçalves de Castro, Anielly Ferreira-de-Brito, Sara Moutailler, Marcelo Quintela Gomes, Alexandre Dos Santos, Roberta Gomes Carvalho, Filipe Vieira Santos de Abreu, Maycon Sebastião Alberto Santos Neves, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais (IFNMG), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Ministério da Saúde [Brasília, Brazil], Diversity, ecology, evolution & Adaptation of arthropod vectors (MIVEGEC-DEEVA), Evolution des Systèmes Vectoriels (ESV), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Arbovirus et Insectes Vecteurs - Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Biologie moléculaire et immunologie parasitaires et fongiques (BIPAR), École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Normandie, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Acknowledgments to Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) and the Institut Pasteur - Transversal Research Program for funding this work., Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Dozulé, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Lourenco-de-Oliveira, Ricardo, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Arbovirus et Insectes Vecteurs, École nationale vétérinaire d'Alfort (ENVA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Dozulé, and École nationale vétérinaire - Alfort (ENVA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Laboratoire de santé animale, sites de Maisons-Alfort et de Dozulé

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Aedes albopictus, Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Immunology, Population Dynamics, education, Zoology, Aedes aegypti, Mosquito Vectors, Biology, Microbiology, sabethes, aedes, haemagogus, atlantic forest, yellow fever, Article, law.invention, Disease Outbreaks, 03 medical and health sciences, Abundance (ecology), law, Aedes, Virology, Drug Discovery, medicine, Animals, Haemagogus, Cities, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Yellow fever, Outbreak, General Medicine, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Phylogeography, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Transmission (mechanics), Sabethes, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Parasitology, Female, Atlantic forest, Yellow fever virus, Brazil
Abstract

International audience; The yellow fever virus (YFV) caused a severe outbreak in Brazil in 2016-2018 that rapidly spread across the Atlantic Forest in its most populated region without viral circulation for almost 80 years. A comprehensive entomological survey combining analysis of distribution, abundance and YFV natural infection in mosquitoes captured before and during the outbreak was conducted in 44 municipalities of five Brazilian states. In total, 17,662 mosquitoes of 89 species were collected. Before evidence of virus circulation, mosquitoes were tested negative but traditional vectors were alarmingly detected in 82% of municipalities, revealing high receptivity to sylvatic transmission. During the outbreak, five species were found positive in 42% of municipalities. Haemagogus janthinomys and Hg. leucocelaenus are considered the primary vectors due to their large distribution combined with high abundance and natural infection rates, concurring together for the rapid spread and severity of this outbreak. Aedes taeniorhynchus was found infected for the first time, but like Sabethes chloropterus and Aedes scapularis, it appears to have a potential local or secondary role because of their low abundance, distribution and infection rates. There was no evidence of YFV transmission by Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti, although the former was the most widespread species across affected municipalities, presenting an important overlap between the niches of the sylvatic vectors and the anthropic ones. The definition of receptive areas, expansion of vaccination in the most affected age group and exposed populations and the adoption of universal vaccination to the entire Brazilian population need to be urgently implemented.

Published
2019
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10. Potential of Aedes albopictus as a bridge vector for enzootic pathogens at the urban-forest interface in Brazil

Author

Taissa Pereira Dos Santos, Roiz, David, De Abreu, Filipe Vieira Santos, Luz, Sergio Luiz Bessa, Santalucia, Marcelo, Jiolle, Davy, Maycon Sebastiao Alberto Santos Neves, Simard, Frédéric, Lourenço-De-Oliveira, Ricardo, and Paupy, Christophe

Subjects
viruses, fungi, virus diseases
Abstract

The invasive species Aedes albopictus is present in 60% of Brazilian municipalities, including at the interfaces between urban settings and forests that are zoonotic arbovirus hotspots. We investigated Ae. albopictus colonization, adult dispersal and host feeding patterns in the anthropic-natural interface of three forested sites covering three biomes in Brazil in 2016. To evaluate whether an ecological overlap exists between Ae. albopictus and sylvatic yellow fever virus (YFV) in forests, we performed similar investigations in seven additional urban-forest interfaces where YFV circulated in 2017. We found Ae. albopictus in all forested sites. We detected eggs and adults up to 300 and 500 m into the forest, respectively, demonstrating that Ae. albopictus forest colonization and dispersal decrease with distance from the forest edge. Analysis of the host identity in blood-engorged females indicated that they fed mainly on humans and domestic mammals, suggesting rare contact with wildlife at the forest edge. Our results show that Ae. albopictus frequency declines as it penetrates into the forest and highlight its potential role as a bridge vector of zoonotic diseases at the edge of the Brazilian forests studied.

Published
2019
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11. A Systematic Review: Is Aedes albopictus an Efficient Bridge Vector for Zoonotic Arboviruses?

Author

Taissa Pereira-dos-Santos, David Roiz, Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira, and Christophe Paupy

Subjects
Aedes albopictus, emerging diseases, vector competence, spill-over, blood-feeding, bridge vector, Medicine
Abstract

Mosquito-borne arboviruses are increasing due to human disturbances of natural ecosystems and globalization of trade and travel. These anthropic changes may affect mosquito communities by modulating ecological traits that influence the “spill-over” dynamics of zoonotic pathogens, especially at the interface between natural and human environments. Particularly, the global invasion of Aedes albopictus is observed not only across urban and peri-urban settings, but also in newly invaded areas in natural settings. This could foster the interaction of Ae. albopictus with wildlife, including local reservoirs of enzootic arboviruses, with implications for the potential zoonotic transfer of pathogens. To evaluate the potential of Ae. albopictus as a bridge vector of arboviruses between wildlife and humans, we performed a bibliographic search and analysis focusing on three components: (1) The capacity of Ae. albopictus to exploit natural larval breeding sites, (2) the blood-feeding behaviour of Ae. albopictus, and (3) Ae. albopictus’ vector competence for arboviruses. Our analysis confirms the potential of Ae. albopictus as a bridge vector based on its colonization of natural breeding sites in newly invaded areas, its opportunistic feeding behaviour together with the preference for human blood, and the competence to transmit 14 arboviruses.

Published
2020
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