183 results on '"Sundbom, Marcus"'
Search Results
2. Provningsjämförelse 2023-1 : Suspenderat material och slam
- Author
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Hanson, Marsha, Sundbom, Marcus, Hanson, Marsha, and Sundbom, Marcus
- Published
- 2023
3. Provningsjämförelse 2023-3 : Närsalter och högt pH: reviderad
- Author
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Hanson, Marsha, Sundbom, Marcus, Hanson, Marsha, and Sundbom, Marcus
- Published
- 2023
4. Half a century of changing mercury levels in Swedish freshwater fish
- Author
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Åkerblom, Staffan, Bignert, Anders, Meili, Markus, Sonesten, Lars, and Sundbom, Marcus
- Published
- 2014
5. Respiratory and circulatory insufficiency during emergent long-distance critical care interhospital transports to tertiary care in a sparsely populated region : a retrospective analysis of late mortality risk
- Author
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Fredriksson Sundbom, Marcus, Sangfelt, Amalia, Lindgren, Emma, Nyström, Helena, Johansson, Göran, Brändstrom, Helge, Haney, Michael, Fredriksson Sundbom, Marcus, Sangfelt, Amalia, Lindgren, Emma, Nyström, Helena, Johansson, Göran, Brändstrom, Helge, and Haney, Michael
- Abstract
Objectives: To test if impaired oxygenation or major haemodynamic instability at the time of emergency intensive care transport, from a smaller admitting hospital to a tertiary care centre, are predictors of long-term mortality. Design: Retrospective observational study. Impaired oxygenation was defined as oxyhaemoglobin %–inspired oxygen fraction ratio (S/F ratio)<100. Major haemodynamic instability was defined as a need for treatment with norepinephrine infusion to sustain mean arterial pressure (MAP) at or above 60 mm Hg or having a mean MAP <60. Logistic regression was used to assess mortality risk with impaired oxygenation or major haemodynamic instability. Setting: Sparsely populated Northern Sweden. A fixed-wing interhospital air ambulance system for critical care serving 900 000 inhabitants. Participants: Intensive care cases transported in fixed-wing air ambulance from outlying hospitals to a regional tertiary care centre during 2000–2016 for adults (16 years old or older). 2142 cases were included. Primary and secondary outcome measures: All-cause mortality at 3 months after transport was the primary outcome, and secondary outcomes were all-cause mortality at 1 and 7 days, 1, 6 and 12 months. Results: S/F ratio <100 was associated with increased mortality risk compared with S/F>300 at all time-points, with adjusted OR 6.3 (2.5 to 15.5, p<0.001) at 3 months. Major haemodynamic instability during intensive care unit (ICU) transport was associated with increased adjusted OR of all-cause mortality at 3 months with OR 2.5 (1.8 to 3.5, p<0.001). Conclusion: Major impairment of oxygenation and/or major haemodynamic instability at the time of ICU transport to get to urgent tertiary intervention is strongly associated with increased mortality risk at 3 months in this cohort. These findings support the conclusion that these conditions are markers for many fold increase in risk for death notable already at 3 months after transport for patients with
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Evaluation of different stable isotope methods to estimate trophic position of perch (Perca fluviatilis) in Swedish lakes
- Author
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Ek, caroline, Danielsson, Sara, Faxneld, Suzanne, and Sundbom, Marcus
- Subjects
Älgsjön ,Kvicksilver ,Mälaren ,CSIA-AA ,δ32S ,Stabila isotoper ,Miljövetenskap ,Hg ,Tärnan ,Abborre ,δ13C ,Sötvatten ,Trofinivå ,δ15N ,Environmental Sciences - Abstract
The Water Framework Directive (WFD) requires member states to implement a strategy to meet the environmental quality standards (EQS) set by the WFD for a number of priority substances. Since the EQSs listed in the WFD are derived to protect the most sensitive species in the ecosystem, often top predators or humans, it has been decided that for certain priority substances the quality standards should be compared to a monitoring species with a trophic position (TP) similar to the diet of the most sensitive species. To enable such adjustment require both knowledge about the monitoring species TP in the food web as well as the relationship between contaminant concentration and trophic position. In this study, we focus on finding a suitable method for TP estimates of perch in Swedish lakes by evaluating both traditional stable isotope analysis in bulk samples (BSIA) using different baseline matrices and the more recent development of compound-specific stable isotope analysis in amino acids (CSIA-AA). For this, three representative monitoring lakes were selected in which perch together with potential baseline matrices (bivalves, gastropods and sediment) were sampled. We applied triple-isotope analyses, δ15N, δ13C and δ34S, of bulk material of all sampled matrices, and in addition δ15N in perch using CSIA-AA. Results showed that TP estimates derived from CSIA-AA were significantly (p
- Published
- 2022
7. Respiratory and circulatory insufficiency during emergent long-distance critical care interhospital transports to tertiary care in a sparsely populated region: a retrospective analysis of late mortality risk
- Author
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Fredriksson Sundbom, Marcus, primary, Sangfelt, Amalia, additional, Lindgren, Emma, additional, Nyström, Helena, additional, Johansson, Göran, additional, Brändström, Helge, additional, and Haney, Michael, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Total Mission Time and Mortality in a Regional Interhospital Critical Care Transport System : A Retrospective Observational Study
- Author
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Fredriksson Sundbom, Marcus, Sandberg, Jessica, Johansson, Göran, Brändstrom, Helge, Nyström, Helena, Haney, Michael, Fredriksson Sundbom, Marcus, Sandberg, Jessica, Johansson, Göran, Brändstrom, Helge, Nyström, Helena, and Haney, Michael
- Abstract
Objective: We assessed the mortality risk related to the time for intensive care unit transport in a geographically large regional health care system. Methods: Patient-level data from critical care ambulance missions were analyzed for 2,067 cases, mission time, and relevant patient factors. Mission time was used as a surrogate for the “distance” to tertiary care, and mortality at 7 days and other intervals was assessed. Results: No increased mortality risk was found at 7 days in an unadjusted regression analysis (odds ratio = 1.00; range, 0.999-1.002; P = .66). In a secondary analysis, an increased mortality risk was observed in longer mission time subgroups and at later mortality assessment intervals (> 375 mission minutes and 90-day mortality; adjusted hazard ratio = 1.56; range, 1.07-2.28; P = .02). Negative changes in oxygenation and hemodynamic status and transport-related adverse events were associated with the longest flight times. Measurable but small changes during flight were noted for mean arterial pressure and oxygenation. Conclusion: The main finding was that there was no overall difference in mortality risk based on mission time. We conclude that transport distances or accessibility to critical care in the tertiary care center in a geographically large but sparsely populated region is not clearly associated with mortality risk.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Bioconcentration of Several Series of Cationic Surfactants in Rainbow Trout
- Author
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Kierkegaard, Amelie, Sundbom, Marcus, Yuan, Bo, Armitage, James M., Arnot, Jon A., Droge, Steven T. J., McLachlan, Michael S., Kierkegaard, Amelie, Sundbom, Marcus, Yuan, Bo, Armitage, James M., Arnot, Jon A., Droge, Steven T. J., and McLachlan, Michael S.
- Abstract
Cationic surfactants have a strong affinity to sorb to phospholipid membranes and thus possess an inherent potential to bioaccumulate, but there are few measurements of bioconcentration in fish. We measured the bioconcentration of 10 alkylamines plus two quaternary ammonium compounds in juvenile rainbow trout at pH 7.6, and repeated the measurements at pH 6.2 for 6 of these surfactants. The BCF of the amines with chain lengths <= C-14 was positively correlated with chain length, increasing similar to 0.5 log units per carbon. Their BCF was also pH dependent and approximately proportional to the neutral fraction of the amine in the water. The BCFs of the quaternary ammonium compounds showed no pH dependence and were >2 orders of magnitude less than for amines of the same chain length at pH 7.6. This indicates that systemic uptake of permanently charged cationic surfactants is limited. The behavior of the quaternary ammonium compounds and the two C-16 amines studied was consistent with previous observations that these surfactants accumulate primarily to the gills and external surfaces of the fish. At pH 7.6 the BCF exceeded 2000 L kg(-1) for 4 amines with chains >= C-13, showing that bioconcentration can be considerable for some longer chained cationic surfactants.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Justering av tidseriedata (individuella och poolade prover) för miljögifter i limnisk biota
- Author
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Nyberg, Elisabeth, Bignert, Anders, Danielsson, Sara, Ek, Caroline, Faxneld, Suzanne, Winkens Pütz, Kerstin, and Sundbom, Marcus
- Subjects
Fräcksjön ,Miljögifter ,Stora Skärsjön ,PFAS ,Övre SkärsjönPBDE ,Stor-Backsjön ,Allgjuttern ,Tjulträsk ,PBDE ,Cd ,Bästeträsk ,Storvindeln ,Justering av data ,PFOS ,Naturvetenskap ,Remmarsjön ,PCDD/Fs ,Bysjön ,Sännen ,Horsan ,Tidstrender ,Pb ,Stensjön ,Älgsjön ,HBCDD ,Brännträsket ,Skärgölen ,Degervattnet ,Bolmen ,Krageholmssjön ,Metaller ,PFUnDA ,Miljövetenskap ,Hg ,Gipsjön ,Svartsjön ,Stora Envättern ,dl-PCB ,Krankesjön ,Tärnan ,Fiolen ,Hjärtsjön ,Natural Sciences ,Abiskojaure ,Limmingssjön ,Environmental Sciences - Abstract
Within the Swedish National Monitoring Programme for Contaminants in Freshwater Biota, perch, pike and Arctic char are being analysed from 32 lakes distributed all over Sweden. One of the main objectives of the monitoring has been to detect temporal trends in different areas and for different contaminants. However, the measured concentrations in biota can be affected by biological factors such as age, length, trophic position (TP), fat or dry weight content. A change in one or several of these variables over time, or even among specimens taken within the same year, is likely to result in an increased variation of the measured concentrations and hence in a lower chance of detecting a trend. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if an adjustment of contaminant time trends by primarily stable isotopes, but also other confounding factors can: A) reduce the individual and between-year variation and hence B) improve the likelihood of detecting temporal trends in time series for metals and organic contaminants. The study revealed an improvement in the likelihood of detecting a contaminant trend after adjustment of the data for almost all lakes and for all tested substances. For some lakes and substances, this improvement was substantial. Age seems to be an important confounding factor for metals and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances. For lipophilic substances, fat content also appears to be an important factor in some lakes together with adjustments for carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios (d13C and d15N), which all reduced the variation in contaminant data. This suggests that there is a benefit of adjusting data on a regular basis in contaminant monitoring programmes in the future.
- Published
- 2020
11. Adjustments for confounders in individual and pooled samples from the Swedish national monitoring of contaminants in freshwater fish
- Author
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Nyberg, Elisabeth, Bigner, Anders, Danielsson, Sara, Ek, Caroline, Faxneld, Suzanne, Winkens Pϋtz, Kerstin, Sundbom, Marcus, Nyberg, Elisabeth, Bigner, Anders, Danielsson, Sara, Ek, Caroline, Faxneld, Suzanne, Winkens Pϋtz, Kerstin, and Sundbom, Marcus
- Abstract
Within the Swedish National Monitoring Programme for Contaminants in Freshwater Biota, perch, pike and Arctic char are being analysed from 32 lakes distributed all over Sweden. One of the main objectives of the monitoring has been to detect temporal trends in different areas and for different contaminants. However, the measured concentrations in biota can be affected by biological factors such as age, length, trophic position (TP), fat or dry weight content. A change in one or several of these variables over time, or even among specimens taken within the same year, is likely to result in an increased variation of the measured concentrations and hence in a lower chance of detecting a trend. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if an adjustment of contaminant time trends by primarily stable isotopes, but also other confounding factors can: A) reduce the individual and between-year variation and hence B) improve the likelihood of detecting temporal trends in time series for metals and organic contaminants. The study revealed an improvement in the likelihood of detecting a contaminant trend after adjustment of the data for almost all lakes and for all tested substances. For some lakes and substances, this improvement was substantial. Age seems to be an important confounding factor for metals and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances. For lipophilic substances, fat content also appears to be an important factor in some lakes together with adjustments for carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios, which all reduced the variation in contaminant data. This suggests that there is a benefit of adjusting data on a regular basis in contaminant monitoring programmes in the future.
- Published
- 2020
12. Utvärdering av stabila isotoper som metod för att uppskatta trofinivå i abborre (Perca fluviatilis) från Svenska sjöar
- Author
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Ek, Caroline, Sundbom, Marcus, Danielsson, Sara, and Faxneld, Suzanne
- Subjects
32S ,Kvicksilver ,CSIA-AA ,Stabila isotoper ,Miljövetenskap ,Hg ,Abborre ,Naturvetenskap ,Sötvatten ,Natural Sciences ,Trofinivå ,δ15N ,Environmental Sciences ,13C - Abstract
The Water Framework Directive (WFD) requires member states to implement a strategy to meet the environmental quality standards (EQS) set by the WFD for a number of priority substances. Since the EQSs listed in the WFD are derived to protect the most sensitive species in the ecosystem, often top predators or humans, it has been decided that for certain priority substances the quality standards should be compared to a monitoring species with a trophic position (TP) similar to the diet of the most sensitive species. To enable such adjustment require both knowledge about the monitoring species TP in the food web as well as the relationship between contaminant concentration and trophic position. In this study, we focus on finding a suitable method for TP estimates of perch in Swedish lakes by evaluating both traditional stable isotope analysis in bulk samples (BSIA) using different baseline matrices and the more recent development of compound-specific stable isotope analysis in amino acids (CSIA-AA). For this, three representative monitoring lakes were selected in which perch together with potential baseline matrices (bivalves, gastropods and sediment) were sampled. We applied triple-isotope analyses, d15N, d13C and d34S, of bulk material of all sampled matrices, and in addition d15N in perch using CSIA-AA. Results showed that TP estimates derived from CSIA-AA were significantly (p
- Published
- 2019
13. The Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Cpx envelope stress system contributes to transcriptional activation of rovM
- Author
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Thanikkal, Edvin J., Kumar Gahlot, Dharmender, Liu, Junfa, Fredriksson Sundbom, Marcus, Gurung, Jyoti M., Ruuth, Kristina, Francis, Monika K., Obi, Ikenna R., Thompson, Karl M., Chen, Shiyun, Dersch, Petra, Francis, Matthew S., Thanikkal, Edvin J., Kumar Gahlot, Dharmender, Liu, Junfa, Fredriksson Sundbom, Marcus, Gurung, Jyoti M., Ruuth, Kristina, Francis, Monika K., Obi, Ikenna R., Thompson, Karl M., Chen, Shiyun, Dersch, Petra, and Francis, Matthew S.
- Abstract
The Gram-negative enteropathogen Yersinia pseudotuberculosis possesses a number of regulatory systems that detect cell envelope damage caused by noxious extracytoplasmic stresses. The CpxA sensor kinase and CpxR response regulator two-component regulatory system is one such pathway. Active Cpx signalling upregulates various factors designed to repair and restore cell envelope integrity. Concomitantly, this pathway also down-regulates key determinants of virulence. In Yersinia, cpxA deletion accumulates high levels of phosphorylated CpxR (CpxR~P). Accumulated CpxR~P directly repressed rovA expression and this limited expression of virulence-associated processes. A second transcriptional regulator, RovM, also negatively regulates rovA expression in response to nutrient stress. Hence, this study aimed to determine if CpxR~P can influence rovA expression through control of RovM levels. We determined that the active CpxR~P isoform bound to the promoter of rovM and directly induced its expression, which naturally associated with a concurrent reduction in rovA expression. Site-directed mutagenesis of the CpxR~P binding sequence in the rovM promoter region desensitised rovM expression to CpxR~P. These data suggest that accumulated CpxR~P inversely manipulates the levels of two global transcriptional regulators, RovA and RovM, and this would be expected to have considerable influence on Yersinia pathophysiology and metabolism.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Evaluation of different stable isotope methods to estimate trophic position of perch (Perca fluviatilis) in Swedish lakes
- Author
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Ek, Caroline, Sundbom, Marcus, Danielsson, Sara, Faxneld, Suzanne, Ek, Caroline, Sundbom, Marcus, Danielsson, Sara, and Faxneld, Suzanne
- Abstract
The Water Framework Directive (WFD) requires member states to implement a strategy to meet the environmental quality standards (EQS) set by the WFD for a number of priority substances. Since the EQSs listed in the WFD are derived to protect the most sensitive species in the ecosystem, often top predators or humans, it has been decided that for certain priority substances the quality standards should be compared to a monitoring species with a trophic position (TP) similar to the diet of the most sensitive species. To enable such adjustment require both knowledge about the monitoring species TP in the food web as well as the relationship between contaminant concentration and trophic position. In this study, we focus on finding a suitable method for TP estimates of perch in Swedish lakes by evaluating both traditional stable isotope analysis in bulk samples (BSIA) using different baseline matrices and the more recent development of compound-specific stable isotope analysis in amino acids (CSIA-AA). For this, three representative monitoring lakes were selected in which perch together with potential baseline matrices (bivalves, gastropods and sediment) were sampled. We applied triple-isotope analyses, d15N, d13C and d34S, of bulk material of all sampled matrices, and in addition d15N in perch using CSIA-AA. Results showed that TP estimates derived from CSIA-AA were significantly (p<0.001) lower compared to all the BSIA-derived methods and further that the BSIA-derived TP estimates using gastropods as a baseline were significantly higher (p<0.001) than all other TP estimates. Since no statistical differences could be detected between TP estimates based on bivalves, sediment or a ‘mixture’ baseline these were assumed to produce similar results and therefore all valid baseline matrices for TP estimates of perch in these three lakes. In the present study we also attempted to adjust mercury contaminant data to a specific TP of 3.5 according to the WFD. The adjustment re
- Published
- 2019
15. Adjustments for confounders in individual and pooled samples from the Swedish national monitoring of contaminants in freshwater fish
- Author
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Nyberg, Elisabeth, Bignert, Anders, Danielsson, Sara, Ek, Caroline, Faxneld, Suzanne, Winkens Pütz, Kerstin, Sundbom, Marcus, Nyberg, Elisabeth, Bignert, Anders, Danielsson, Sara, Ek, Caroline, Faxneld, Suzanne, Winkens Pütz, Kerstin, and Sundbom, Marcus
- Abstract
Within the Swedish National Monitoring Programme for Contaminants in Freshwater Biota, perch, pike and Arctic char are being analysed from 32 lakes distributed all over Sweden. One of the main objectives of the monitoring has been to detect temporal trends in different areas and for different contaminants. However, the measured concentrations in biota can be affected by biological factors such as age, length, trophic position (TP), fat or dry weight content. A change in one or several of these variables over time, or even among specimens taken within the same year, is likely to result in an increased variation of the measured concentrations and hence in a lower chance of detecting a trend. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if an adjustment of contaminant time trends by primarily stable isotopes, but also other confounding factors can: A) reduce the individual and between-year variation and hence B) improve the likelihood of detecting temporal trends in time series for metals and organic contaminants. The study revealed an improvement in the likelihood of detecting a contaminant trend after adjustment of the data for almost all lakes and for all tested substances. For some lakes and substances, this improvement was substantial. Age seems to be an important confounding factor for metals and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances. For lipophilic substances, fat content also appears to be an important factor in some lakes together with adjustments for carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios (d13C and d15N), which all reduced the variation in contaminant data. This suggests that there is a benefit of adjusting data on a regular basis in contaminant monitoring programmes in the future.
- Published
- 2019
16. Temporal Changes in Concentrations of Lead and Other Trace Metals in Free-Ranging Eurasian Eagle Owls Bubo bubo in Sweden
- Author
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Helander, Björn, Sundbom, Marcus, Runkel, Agneta A., Bignert, Anders, Helander, Björn, Sundbom, Marcus, Runkel, Agneta A., and Bignert, Anders
- Abstract
Patterns of lead and other trace metals were examined in 122 Eurasian eagle owls Bubo bubo found dead in Sweden in the period 1978-2013. Environmental lead (Pb) has decreased over recent decades from reduced anthropogenic emissions but mortality by Pb poisoning is still frequently reported for avian raptors and scavengers exposed to Pb ammunition. One objective here was to determine if Pb concentrations in a nocturnal non-scavenging raptor follow the general decline observed in other biota. Pb concentration in owl liver was significantly correlated with body weight, sex, latitude, longitude and season. Pb showed a significant decreasing trend towards north and west. Starved birds had significantly higher concentrations. Total Pb concentrations in liver averaged 0.179 mu g g(-1) dry weight (median 0.103) and decreased by 5.6% per year 1978-2013, or 5.3% after adjustment for confounding factors, similar to trends in other species. Among 14 other trace elements only antimony and arsenic showed decreasing trends. Lead isotope ratios Pb-206/Pb-207 and Pb-208/Pb-207 increased from 1.138 and 2.408 in 1978-1985 to 1.170 and 2.435 in 2010-2013, respectively, demonstrating that the decreasing Pb concentration in eagle owl is related to the phase-out of leaded gasoline in Europe, where Pb additives had much lower isotope ratios than natural lead in Swedish soils. Only one incidence of suspected Pb poisoning (40.7 mu g g(-1) in liver) was observed indicating that poisoning from ingestion of metallic lead is rare (< 1%) in eagle owl in Sweden, in contrast to what has been reported for eagles.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Carbon cycling on the East Siberian Arctic Shelf – a change in air-sea CO2 flux induced by mineralization of terrestrial organic carbon
- Author
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Gustafsson, Erik, Humborg, Christoph, Björk, Göran, Stranne, Christian, Anderson, Leif G., Geibel, Marc C., Mörth, Carl-Magnus, Sundbom, Marcus, Semiletov, Igor P., Thornton, Brett F., and Gustafsson, Bo G.
- Abstract
Measurements from the SWERUS-C3 and ISSS-08 Arctic expeditions were used to calibrate and validate a new physical-biogeochemical model developed to quantify key carbon cycling processes on the East Siberian Arctic Shelf (ESAS). The model was used in a series of experimental simulations with the specific aim to investigate the pathways of terrestrial dissolved and particulate organic carbon (DOCter and POCter) supplied to the shelf. Rivers supply on average 8.5 Tg C yr−1 dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and further 8.5 and 1.1 Tg C yr−1 DOCter and POCter respectively. Based on observed and simulated DOC concentrations and stable isotope values (δ13CDOC) in shelf waters, we estimate that only some 20 % of the riverine DOCter is labile. According to our model results, an additional supply of approximately 14 Tg C yr−1 eroded labile POCter is however required to describe the observed stable isotope values of DIC (δ13CDIC). Degradation of riverine DOCter and POCter results in a 1.8 Tg C yr−1 reduction in the uptake of atmospheric CO2, while degradation of eroded POCter results in an additional 10 Tg C yr−1 reduction. Our calculations indicate nevertheless that the ESAS is an overall small net sink for atmospheric CO2 (1.7 Tg C yr−1). The external carbon sources are largely compensated by a net export from the shelf to the Arctic Ocean (31 Tg C yr−1), and to a smaller degree by a permanent burial in the sediments (2.7 Tg C yr−1).
- Published
- 2018
18. Distribution and conversions of metal- and POP concentrations among various tissues in herring
- Author
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Danielsson, Sara, Benskin, Jonathan, Bignert, Anders, Bizkarguenaga, Ekhine, de Wit, Cynthia, Egebäck, Anna-Lena, Eriksson, Ulla, Faxneld, Suzanne, Hjelmquist, Pär, Johansson, Ann-Marie, Jones, Douglas, Kruså, Martin, Kylberg, Eva, Mechedal, Jan, Nyberg, Elisabeth, and Sundbom, Marcus
- Subjects
lead ,mercury ,brominated compounds ,conversion factors ,chlorinated compounds ,HBCDD ,cadmium ,muscle ,PFAS ,wholebody ,liver ,Annan biologi ,herring ,Metals ,PFOS ,threshold values ,Other Biological Topics ,contaminants - Published
- 2018
19. Granskning av vattenkemidata inom delprogrammet IKEU
- Author
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Wallman, Karin and Sundbom, Marcus
- Subjects
Geochemistry ,Environmental Sciences (social aspects to be 507) - Published
- 2017
20. Lack of trophic polymorphism despite substantial genetic differentiation in sympatric brown trout (Salmo trutta) populations
- Author
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Andersson, Anastasia, Johansson, Frank, Sundbom, Marcus, Ryman, Nils, and Laikre, Linda
- Subjects
body shape ,stable isotopes ,population genetic structure ,Biologiska vetenskaper ,Biological Sciences ,geometric morphometrics ,stomach content ,gill rakers - Abstract
Sympatric populations occur in many freshwater fish species; such populations are typically detected through morphological distinctions that are often coupled to food niche and genetic separations. In salmonids, trophic and genetically separate sympatric populations have been reported in landlocked Arctic char, whitefish and brown trout. In Arctic char and brown trout rare cases of sympatric, genetically distinct populations have been detected based on genetic data alone, with no apparent morphological differences, that is cryptic structuring. It remains unknown whether such cryptic, sympatric structuring can be coupled to food niche separation. Here, we perform an extensive screening for trophic divergence of two genetically divergent, seemingly cryptic, sympatric brown trout populations documented to remain in stable sympatry over several decades in two interconnected, tiny mountain lakes in a nature reserve in central Sweden. We investigate body shape, body length, gill raker metrics, breeding status and diet (stomach content analysis and stable isotopes) in these populations. We find small significant differences for body shape, body size and breeding status, and no evidence of food niche separation between these two populations. In contrast, fish in the two lakes differed in body shape, diet, and nitrogen and carbon isotope signatures despite no genetic difference between lakes. These genetically divergent populations apparently coexist using the same food resources and showing the same adaptive plasticity to the local food niches of the two separate lakes. Such observations have not been reported previously but may be more common than recognised as genetic screenings are necessary to detect the structures.
- Published
- 2017
21. Sea-air exchange patterns along the central and outer East Siberian Arctic Shelf as inferred from continuous CO2, stable isotope, and bulk chemistry measurements
- Author
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Humborg, Christoph, Geibel, Marc C., Anderson, Leif G., Björk, Göran, Mörth, Carl-Magnus, Sundbom, Marcus, Thornton, Brett F., Deutsch, Barbara, Gustafsson, Erik, Gustafsson, Bo, Ek, Jörgen, and Semiletov, Igor
- Subjects
Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap ,Earth and Related Environmental Sciences - Abstract
This large-scale quasi-synoptic study gives a comprehensive picture of sea-air CO2 fluxes during the melt season in the central and outer Laptev Sea (LS) and East Siberian Sea (ESS). During a 7 week cruise we compiled a continuous record of both surface water and air CO2 concentrations, in total 76,892 measurements. Overall, the central and outer parts of the ESAS constituted a sink for CO2, and we estimate a median uptake of 9.4 g C m(-2) yr(-1) or 6.6 Tg C yr(-1). Our results suggest that while the ESS and shelf break waters adjacent to the LS and ESS are net autotrophic systems, the LS is a net heterotrophic system. CO2 sea-air fluxes for the LS were 4.7 g C m(-2) yr(-1), and for the ESS we estimate an uptake of 7.2 g C m(-2) yr(-1). Isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic carbon (delta C-13(DIC) and delta C-13(CO2)) in the water column indicates that the LS is depleted in delta C-13(DIC) compared to the Arctic Ocean (ArcO) and ESS with an offset of 0.5% which can be explained by mixing of delta C-13(DIC)-depleted riverine waters and 4.0 Tg yr(-1) respiration of OCter; only a minor part (0.72 Tg yr(-1)) of this respired OCter is exchanged with the atmosphere. Property-mixing diagrams of total organic carbon and isotope ratio (delta C-13(SPE-DOC)) versus dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration diagram indicate conservative and nonconservative mixing in the LS and ESS, respectively. We suggest land-derived particulate organic carbon from coastal erosion as an additional significant source for the depleted delta C-13(DIC).
- Published
- 2017
22. The Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Cpx envelope stress system contributes to transcriptional activation of rovM
- Author
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Thanikkal, Edvin J., primary, Gahlot, Dharmender K., additional, Liu, Junfa, additional, Fredriksson Sundbom, Marcus, additional, Gurung, Jyoti M., additional, Ruuth, Kristina, additional, Francis, Monika K., additional, Obi, Ikenna R., additional, Thompson, Karl M., additional, Chen, Shiyun, additional, Dersch, Petra, additional, and Francis, Matthew S., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Export of calcium carbonate corrosive waters from the East Siberian Sea
- Author
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Anderson, Leif G., Ek, Jörgen, Ericson, Ylva, Humborg, Christoph, Semiletov, Igor, Sundbom, Marcus, Ulfsbo, Adam, Anderson, Leif G., Ek, Jörgen, Ericson, Ylva, Humborg, Christoph, Semiletov, Igor, Sundbom, Marcus, and Ulfsbo, Adam
- Abstract
The Siberian shelf seas are areas of extensive biogeochemical transformation of organic matter, both of marine and terrestrial origin. This in combination with brine production from sea ice formation results in a cold bottom water of relative high salinity and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO(2)). Data from the SWERUS-C3 expedition compiled on the icebreaker Oden in July to September 2014 show the distribution of such waters at the outer shelf, as well as their export into the deep central Arctic basins. Very high pCO(2) water, up to similar to 1000 mu atm, was observed associated with high nutrients and low oxygen concentrations. Consequently, this water had low saturation state with respect to calcium carbonate down to less than 0.8 for calcite and 0.5 for aragonite. Waters undersaturated in aragonite were also observed in the surface in waters at equilibrium with atmospheric CO2; however, at these conditions the cause of undersaturation was low salinity from river runoff and/or sea ice melt. The calcium carbonate corrosive water was observed all along the continental margin and well out into the deep Makarov and Canada basins at a depth from about 50 m depth in the west to about 150 m in the east. These waters of low aragonite saturation state are traced in historic data to the Canada Basin and in the waters flowing out of the Arctic Ocean north of Greenland and in the western Fram Strait, thus potentially impacting the marine life in the North Atlantic Ocean.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Rapportering från undersökning av trofinivå hos havsörn - stabila isotoper och miljögifter : Överenskommelse Nr 2213-13-029
- Author
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Helander, Björn, Hellström, Peter, Bignert, Anders, Olofsson, Frans, Nilsson, Peter, and Sundbom, Marcus
- Subjects
Ekologi ,PCB ,mört ,Ecology ,stabila isotoper ,DDE ,miljögifter ,HCB ,Havsörn ,storskarv ,abborre ,Miljövetenskap ,Environmental Sciences - Abstract
Höga koncentrationer av PCB och DDE har konstaterats i ägg från fem havsörnshonor vid Norrlands-kusten. Möjliga förklaringar kan vara regional förorening, eller att vissa örnar lever på en högre nivå i en näringskedja där koncentrationerna ökar i varje steg. Denna rapport redovisar resultat från analyser av PCB, DDE, HCB och stabila isotoper (SI) (δ15N, δ13C) i muskel från fiskar (fyra lokaler), skarvar (tre lokaler), ägg från skarv (tre lokaler) och havsörn (två lokaler) i Västernorrlands län, och SI i ägg och fjädrar från havsörn i olika biotoper vid Östersjökusten. PCB, DDE, HCB i fiskar visade inte påtagligt högre koncentrationer än vad som rapporterats från Norrlandskusten i övrigt, men hade högre värden för PCB och HCB än vid Kvädöfjärden, Holmöarna och Örefjärden, som används som referenslokaler längs Östersjökusten inom den nationella miljöövervakningen. Koncentrationerna i muskel från skarvungar jämfört med muskel från abborre på lipidbasis var ca 3-7 ggr högre för DDE och upp till två resp. tre ggr högre för HCB och PCB (CB-153). I skarvägg jämfört med abborre var förhöjningen av koncentrationer 30-400 ggr för DDE, 30-140 ggr för PCB och 7-30 ggr för HCB. Koncentrationer av DDE och PCB (CB-153) i de högbelastade havsörnsäggen från Västernorrland var 20 respektive 40 ggr högre än i skarväggen. Hos havsörn ses en tydlig trend för både ägg och fjädrar för δ13C, som blir tyngre ju mer marin fyndplatsen antagits vara, men ingen trend för δ15N. En stegvis ökning ses för δ15N i muskelprover från olika fiskar till skarvungar och skarvägg, dock inte vidare till havsörnsägg, men däremot till havsörnsfjädrar. Avsaknaden av skillnad i δ15N mellan skarv- och havsörnsägg indikerar att de inte är jämförbara med avseende på trofiska nivåer. Statistiskt signifikanta men relativt svaga samband ses mellan koncentrationer av DDE och PCB och δ15N i hela materialet av havsörnsägg. Havsörn är på högre trofisk nivå än skarv men δ15N i örnäggen som läggs redan i mars avspeglar troligen ett inslag av däggdjurskadaver under vintern, medan fjädrarna avspeglar sommarfödan (mest fisk och fågel). Möjligheten kvarstår att högre miljögiftshalter i äggen hos vissa havsörnar kan bero på högre trofisk nivå men detta bör undersökas på fjädrar.
- Published
- 2016
25. Provningsjämförelse 2023-2 : Metaller och spårämnen
- Author
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Hanson, Marsha, Sundbom, Marcus, Hanson, Marsha, and Sundbom, Marcus
- Published
- 2033
26. Export of calcium carbonate corrosive waters from the East Siberian Sea
- Author
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Anderson, Leif G., primary, Ek, Jörgen, additional, Ericson, Ylva, additional, Humborg, Christoph, additional, Semiletov, Igor, additional, Sundbom, Marcus, additional, and Ulfsbo, Adam, additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes within the Swedish national monitoring of contaminants in marine biota
- Author
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Danielsson, Sara, Faxneld, Suzanne, Bignert, Anders, Dahlgren, Henrik, Kylberg, Eva, Jones, Douglas, and Sundbom, Marcus
- Subjects
Biologiska vetenskaper ,Biological Sciences - Published
- 2015
28. Övervakning av metaller och organiska miljögifter i limnisk biota, 2015
- Author
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Nyberg, Elisabeth, Faxneld, Suzanne, Danielsson, Sara, Bignert, Anders, Eriksson, Ulla, Egebäck, Anna-Lena, Holm, Karin, Sundbom, Marcus, Benskin, Jon, and Haglund, Peter
- Published
- 2015
29. Övervakning av metaller och organiska miljögifter i marin biota, 2015
- Author
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Bignert, Anders, Danielsson, Sara, Faxneld, Suzanne, Nyberg, Elisabeth, Vasileiou, Maria, Fång, Johan, Dahlgren, Henrik, Kylberg, Eva, Staveley Öhlund, Jill, Jones, Douglas, Stenström, Malin, Berger, Urs, Alsberg, Tomas, Kärsrud, Anne-Sofie, Sundbom, Marcus, Holm, Karin, Eriksson, Ulla, Egebäck, Anna-Lena, Haglund, Peter, and Kaj, Lennart
- Subjects
fish ,monitoring ,mussels ,contaminants ,egg - Abstract
The environmental toxicants examined in this report can be classified into five groups – heavy metals, chlorinated compounds, brominated flame retardants, polyaromatic hydrocarbons and perfluorinated compounds. Each of these contaminants have been examined from various sites for up to six different fish species, in blue mussels, and in guillemot eggs, for varying lengths of time. The following summary examines overall trends, spatial and temporal, for the five groups. Condition and Fat Content Condition and fat content in different species tended to follow the same pattern at the same sites, with a few exceptions. Most of the fish species generally displayed a decreasing trend in both condition and fat content at most sites examined. Exceptions to this were increases in condition factor seen in cod liver at Fladen, perch muscle at Kvädöfjärden, and for herring at Ängskärsklubb in spring. Also, an increase in fat content was seen during the most recent ten years for herring at Ängskärsklubb in spring. There were also some sites where no log linear trends were seen. Heavy Metals Due to a change in methods for metal analysis (not mercury) in 2004, values between 2003 and 2007 should be interpreted with care. From 2009 metals are analyzed at ACES, Stockholm University. Generally, higher mercury concentrations are found in the Bothnian Bay, but also from one station in the Northern parts of Baltic Proper, compared to other parts of the Swedish coastline. The time series show varying concentrations over the study period. The longer time series in guillemot egg and spring-caught herring from the southern Bothnian Sea and southern Baltic Proper show significant decreases of mercury. On the other hand, increasing concentrations are seen in e.g., cod muscle, but the concentrations are fairly low compared to measured concentrations in perch from fresh water and coastal sites. In most cases, the mercury concentrations are above the EQSbiota of 20 ng/g wet weight. Lead is generally decreasing over the study period (in time series of sufficient length), supposedly due to the elimination of lead in gasoline. The highest concentrations are seen in the southern part of the Baltic Sea. Elevated lead concentrations between 2003 and 2007 (e.g. Harufjärden) should be viewed with caution (see above regarding change in analysis methods). Lead concentrations are below the suggested target level at all stations. Cadmium concentrations show varying non-linear trends over the monitored period. It is worth noting that despite several measures taken to reduce discharges of cadmium, generally the most recent concentrations are similar to concentrations measured 30 years ago in the longer time series. Cadmium concentrations in herring and perch are all below the suggested target level of 160 μg/kg wet weight. The reported nickel concentrations show no consistent decreasing trends. Some series begin with two elevated values that exert a strong leverage effect on the regression line and may give a false impression of decreasing trends. Chromium generally shows decreasing concentrations, possibly explained by a shift in analytical method. The essential trace metals, copper and zinc, show no consistent trends during the monitored period. Generally higher concentrations of arsenic and silver are found along the west coast compared to other parts of the Sweadish coast line. However for silver a few stations in the Bothnian Sea and Bothnian Bay show comparable concentrations to the west coast stations. Chlorinated Compounds Generally, a decreasing concentrations were observed for all compounds (DDT’s, PCB’s, HCH’s, HCB) in all species examined, with a few exceptions, such as no change in TCDD-equivalents being seen in herring muscle (except at Änskärsklubb where very high concentrations at the beginning of the sampling period were seen and also at the west coast station Fladen). The longer time-series in guillemot also show a marked decrease in TCDD-equivalents from the start in the late 1960s until about 1985 from where no change occurred for many years, however, during the most recent ten years a decrease in the concentration is seen. Concentrations of DDE and CB-118 are for some species and sites still above their respective target levels. The chlorinated compounds generally show higher concentrations in the Bothnian Sea and/or Baltic Proper when compared to the Bothnian Bay and the Swedish west coast. Brominated Flame Retardants Elevated levels of HBCDD are seen in sites from the Baltic Proper, while the investigated PBDEs show higher concentrations in the Bothnian Bay. In addition, lower concentrations of all investigated PBDEs and HBCDD are seen on the Swedish west coast compared to the east coast. Temporally, significant increases in BDE-47, -99 and -100 have been seen in guillemot eggs since the late 1960s until the early 1990s, where concentrations then began to show decreases. Also, the concentration of HBCDD in guillemot eggs shows a decrease during the most recent ten years. For fish and blue mussels, BDE-47, -99, and -153 decreased at some sites and showed no trend at other sites. The concentration of HBCDD in fish and blue mussels showed inconsistent trends. The concentration of HBCDD is below the EQSbiota of 167 μg/kg wet weight for all fish species from all areas, while the concentration of BDE-47 alone is above the EQSbiota for sumPBDE of 0.0085 ng/g wet weight. PAHs Only blue mussels have been examined for spatial differences in PAH concentrations. Concentration of ΣPAH was found to be higher from Kvädöfjärden in the Baltic Proper compared to stations at the West coast, but individual PAHs showed varying spatial patterns. Over time, acenaphthalene was rarely found above the detection limit. Significant decreasing trends were observed for ΣPAH, chrysene, fluoranthene and pyrene at Fjällbacka; for naphthalene at Kvädöfjärden; and for pyrene at Fladen. All time series where concentrations of various PAHs were compared with the target value based on OSPAR Ecological Assessment Criteria, or EC Environmental Quality Standards were below the target value. PFASs PFHxS and PFOS show a similar spatial pattern, but PFOS concentrations were approximately 25 times higher than PFHxS levels. The distribution of PFOS is quite homogenous along the Swedish coast but with somewhat higher concentrations in the Baltic Proper. PFOS concentrations in guillemot eggs are about 100-200 times higher than in herring liver. An overall increasing concentration of PFOS in guillemot eggs has been observed throughout the whole time period, however, during the most recent ten years, a change of direction is detected. The longer herring time series from Harufjärden, Landsort, and Utlängan show increasing concentrations for PFOS and most carboxylates. For FOSA, on the other hand, decreasing concentrations are seen during the most recent ten years. Organotin compounds The majority of the analysed tinorganic compounds showed concentrations below LOQ. However TBT and DPhT showed concentrations above LOQ at all stations with highest reported concentrations in fish from Örefjärden in the northern part of Bothnian Sea. De miljögifter som undersökts i denna rapport kan delas in i fem miljögiftsgrupper - tungmetaller, klorerade föreningar, bromerade flamskyddsmedel, polyaromatiska kolväten och perfluorerade föreningar. Var och en av dessa föroreningar har undersökts från olika lokaler i upp till sex olika fiskarter, samt i blåmussla och sillgrissleägg. Undersökningarna har pågått under varierande antal år. Följande sammanfattning undersöker övergripande trender, geografiska och tidsmässiga, för de fem grupperna. Kondition och fetthalt Kondition och fetthalten i de olika arterna tenderade att följa samma mönster i samma lokaler, med några få undantag. De flesta fiskarter visade generellt en minskande trend i både kondition och fetthalt i de flesta undersökta lokalerna med undantag för en ökning i kondition i torsklever från Fladen, abborrmuskel från Kvädöfjärden och sill från Ängskärsklubb (vår). Dessutom ses en ökning av fetthalt de senaste tio åren för sill från Ängskärsklubb (vår). Det fanns också några platser där inga log-linjära trender observerades. Tungmetaller På grund av en förändring i metoderna för metallanalys (inte kvicksilver) år 2004 bör värden mellan 2003 och 2007 tolkas med försiktighet. Från och med 2009 analyseras metaller vid ACES, Stockholms universitet. Generellt ses högre halter kvicksilver i Bottenviken, men också från en station i de norra delarna av Östersjön, jämfört med andra delar av den svenska kusten. Tidsserien visar varierande koncentrationer under studieperioden. De längre tidsserierna som finns för sillgrissleägg och vårfångad strömming från södra Bottenhavet och södra Östersjön visar signifikanta minskningar av kvicksilver. Å andra sidan, ökande koncentrationer ses i bl.a. torskmuskel, men halterna är relativt låga om man jämför med uppmätta halter i abborre från insjöar och kustnära platser. I de flesta fall ligger kvicksilverkoncentrationerna över EQSbiota på 20 ng /g våtvikt. Blyhalterna minskar generellt över tid (i tidsserier av tillräcklig längd), förmodligen på grund av avskaffandet av bly i bensin. De högsta halterna ses i södra delen av Östersjön. Förhöjda blyhalter mellan 2003 och 2007 (t.ex. Harufjärden) bör tolkas med försiktighet (se ovan om förändring i analysmetoder). Blyhalterna ligger under det föreslagna gränsvärdet vid alla lokaler. Kadmiumhalterna visar varierande icke-linjära trender under övervakningsperioden. Det är värt att notera att trots att flera åtgärder har vidtagits för att minska utsläppen av kadmium, så är generellt de senaste årens koncentrationer i samma storleksordning som koncentrationerna som uppmättes för 30 år. Kadmiumhalterna i strömming och abborre ligger alla under det föreslagna gränsvärdet på 160 μg/kg våtvikt. De rapporterade nickelkoncentrationerna visar inga konsekventa minskande trender. Vissa serier börjar med två förhöjda värden som utövar en stark hävstångseffekt på regressionslinjen och kan ge ett felaktigt intryck av minskande trender. Krom visar generellt minskande koncentrationer, detta kan möligen förklaras av en förändring i analysmetoden. Koppar och zink visar inga konsekventa trender under övervakningsperioden. Det är generellt högre koncentrationer av arsenik och silver längs västkusten jämfört med andra delar av den svenska kusten, men för silver har några stationer i Bottenhavet och Bottenviken jämförbara koncentrationer med västkuststationerna. Klorerade föreningar Generellt ses minskande koncentrationer för alla föreningar (DDTer, PCBer, HCHer och HCB) i alla undersökta arter, med några få undantag, till exempel ses ingen förändring i TCDD-ekvivalenter i strömmingsmuskel (utom vid Ängskärsklubb där mycket höga koncentrationer i början av provtagningsperioden sågs och även på västkuststationen Fladen). De lägre tidsserierna i sillgrissla visar också en markant minskning av TCDD-ekvivalenter från slutet av 1960-talet fram till omkring 1985 och därefter sker ingen förändring under många år, men under de senaste tio åren ses en minskning av koncentrationen. Halterna av DDE och CB-118 är för vissa arter och lokaler fortfarande över, respektive gränsväde. De klorerade föeningarna visar generellt högre koncentrationer i Bottenhavet och / eller Östersjön jämfört med Bottenviken och den svenska västkusten. Bromerade flamskyddsmedel Föhöjda nivår av HBCDD ses på lokaler från Egentliga Östersjön, medan de undersökta PBDE・erna visar högre koncentrationer i Bottenviken. Dessutom ses lägre koncentrationer av alla undersökta PBDE・er och HBCDD på den svenska västkusten jämfört med ostkusten. Tidsmässigt har signifikanta ökningar av BDE-47, -99 och -100 setts i sillgrissleägg sedan slutet av 1960-talet fram till böjan av 1990-talet och därefter har koncentrationerna börjat minska. Även koncentrationen av HBCDD i sillgrissleägg minskar under de senaste tio åren. För fisk och blåmussla minskade BDE-47, -99 och -153 på vissa lokaler medan ingen trend ses på andra platser. Koncentrationen av HBCDD i fisk och blåmussla visar inga tydliga trender. Koncentrationen av HBCDD ligger under EQSbiota på167 μg/kg våtvikt för alla fiskarter från alla lokaler medan koncentrationen av BDE-47 ligger över EQSbiota på 0,0085 ng/g våtvikt som är satt för summan av PBDE. PAH Endast blåmussla har undersökts för koncentrationer av PAH’er. Koncentration av ΣPAH var högre vid Kvädöfjärden i Egentliga Östersjön jämfört med lokalerna vid västkusten, men enskilda PAH’er visade varierande spatiala mönster. Acenaftalen har med tiden sällan hittats över detektionsgränsen. Signifikanta minskande halter observerades för ΣPAH, krysen, fluoranten och pyren vid Fjällbacka; för naftalen vid Kvädöfjärden; och för pyren vid Fladen. Alla tidsserier där koncentrationerna av olika PAHer jämfördes med gränsvärden, antingen OSPAR EAC, eller EU Miljökvalitetsnormer låg under gränsvärdet. PFASs PFHxS och PFOS visar ett liknande spatialt mönster, men koncentrationen av PFOS var ungefär 25 gånger högre än PFHxS. Fördelningen av PFOS är ganska homogen längs den svenska kusten men med något högre koncentrationer i Egentliga Östersjön. Halten av PFOS i sillgrissleägg är cirka 100-200 gånger högre än i strömminglever. En övergripande ökande koncentration av PFOS i sillgrissleägg har observerats under hela tidsperioden, men under de senaste tio åren ses istället en minskning. De längre strömmingstidsserierna från Harufjärden, Landsort och Utlängan visar ökande koncentrationer av PFOS och de flesta karboxylsyror. För FOSA, å andra sidan, ses minskande koncentrationer under de senaste tio åren. Organiska tennföreningar Majoriteten av de analyserade tennorganiska föreningarna uppvisade koncentrationer under LOQ. Men TBT och DPhT visade koncentrationer över LOQ vid alla lokaler och den högsta rapporterade halten i fisk från Örefjärden i norra delen av Bottenhavet.
- Published
- 2015
30. Rapportering från undersökning av trofinivå hos havsörn - stabila isotoper och miljögifter
- Author
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Helander, Björn, Hellström, Peter, Bignert, Anders, Olofsson, Frans, Nilsson, Peter, and Sundbom, Marcus
- Subjects
Sötvatten ,Miljövetenskap ,Bottenhavet ,Environmental Sciences ,Östersjökusten - Abstract
Höga koncentrationer av PCB och DDE har konstaterats i ägg från fem havsörnshonor vid Norrlands-kusten. Möjliga förklaringar kan vara regional förorening, eller att vissa örnar lever på en högre nivå i en näringskedja där koncentrationerna ökar i varje steg. Denna rapport redovisar resultat från analyser av PCB, DDE, HCB och stabila isotoper (SI) (δ15N, δ13C) i muskel från fiskar (fyra lokaler), skarvar (tre lokaler), ägg från skarv (tre lokaler) och havsörn (två lokaler) i Västernorrlands län, och SI i ägg och fjädrar från havsörn i olika biotoper vid Östersjökusten. PCB, DDE, HCB i fiskar visade inte påtagligt högre koncentrationer än vad som rapporterats från Norrlandskusten i övrigt, men hade högre värden för PCB och HCB än vid Kvädöfjärden, Holmöarna och Örefjärden, som används som referenslokaler längs Östersjökusten inom den nationella miljöövervakningen. Koncentrationerna i muskel från skarvungar jämfört med muskel från abborre på lipidbasis var ca 3-7 ggr högre för DDE och upp till två resp. tre ggr högre för HCB och PCB (CB-153). I skarvägg jämfört med abborre var förhöjningen av koncentrationer 30-400 ggr för DDE, 30-140 ggr för PCB och 7-30 ggr för HCB. Koncentrationer av DDE och PCB (CB-153) i de högbelastade havsörnsäggen från Västernorrland var 20 respektive 40 ggr högre än i skarväggen. Hos havsön ses en tydlig trend fö båe äg och fjärar fö δ13C, som blir tyngre ju mer marin fyndplatsen antagits vara, men ingen trend fö δ15N. En stegvis öning ses fö δ15N i muskelprover från olika fiskar till skarvungar och skarvägg, dock inte vidare till havsörnsägg, men däremot till havsörnsfjädrar. Avsaknaden av skillnad i δ15N mellan skarv- och havsörnsägg indikerar att de inte är jämförbara med avseende på trofiska nivåer. Statistiskt signifikanta men relativt svaga samband ses mellan koncentrationer av DDE och PCB och δ15N i hela materialet av havsönsäg. Havsön ä påhöre trofisk nivåä skarv men δ15N i örnäggen som läggs redan i mars avspeglar troligen ett inslag av däggdjurskadaver under vintern, medan fjädrarna avspeglar sommarfödan (mest fisk och fågel). Möjligheten kvarstår att högre miljögiftshalter i äggen hos vissa havsörnar kan bero på högre trofisk nivå men detta bör undersökas på fjädrar.
- Published
- 2015
31. Characterisation of anandamide uptake in resting and activated murine cells
- Author
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Fredriksson Sundbom, Marcus
- Subjects
"Anandamide" "C6 cells" "Raw 264.7" "endocannabinoid" "COX-2" "Cyclooxygenase-2" "FAAH" "Fatty acid amide hydrolase" "Analgesia" "Pain" "non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs" "NSAID" "LPS" "Lipopolysaccharide" "IFN-γ" "Interferon gamma" "inflammation" ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Pharmacology and Toxicology ,Farmakologi och toxikologi - Abstract
Modifying the metabolism of the body’s own endocannabinoids is a novel approach for analgesia. Two key catabolic enzymes are fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and inflammation-inducible cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). The cellular uptake of the key endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA) has been found to be regulated by its FAAH-catalysed intracellular degradation, but COX-2 has not been investigated in this respect. We aimed to find out whether or not COX-2 in an in vitro inflammation setting would be able to gate AEA uptake. To achieve this, C6 cells and Raw 264.7 cells were stimulated with LPS/INF-γ and lysates then analyzed by immunoblot in order to verify COX-2 expression. AEA cellular uptake was quantified using a radioassay with [3H]-AEA. It was found that COX-2 was not inducible in C6 cells using the LPS/INF-γ conditions studied, while it was inducible in Raw 264.7 cells. AEA uptake in the COX-2-induced Raw 264.7 cells was not reduced by inhibitors of this enzyme. FAAH appeared to be down-regulated in the stimulated Raw 264.7 cells, and this was reflected in an overall lower AEA uptake. Our interpretation of the data points to FAAH as gating AEA uptake. Additional experiments are required to validate our findings by verifying significance.
- Published
- 2015
32. Provningsjämförelse 2016-1 : Metaller och spårämnen
- Author
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Hanson, Marsha, Sundbom, Marcus, Hanson, Marsha, and Sundbom, Marcus
- Published
- 2016
33. Contrasting composition of terrigenous organic matter in the dissolved, particulate and sedimentary organic carbon pools on the outer East Siberian Arctic Shelf
- Author
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Salvadó, Joan A., Tesi, Tommaso, Sundbom, Marcus, Karlsson, Emma, Kruså, Martin, Semiletov, Igor P., Panova, Elena, Gustafsson, Örjan, Salvadó, Joan A., Tesi, Tommaso, Sundbom, Marcus, Karlsson, Emma, Kruså, Martin, Semiletov, Igor P., Panova, Elena, and Gustafsson, Örjan
- Abstract
Fluvial discharge and coastal erosion of the permafrost-dominated East Siberian Arctic delivers large quantities of terrigenous organic carbon (Terr-OC) to marine waters. The composition and fate of the remobilized Terr-OC needs to be better constrained as it impacts the potential for a climate-carbon feedback. In the present study, the bulk isotope (delta C-13 and Delta C-14) and macromolecular (lignin-derived phenols) composition of the cross-shelf exported organic carbon (OC) in different marine pools is evaluated. For this purpose, as part of the SWERUS-C3 expedition (July-September 2014), sediment organic carbon (SOC) as well as water column (from surface and near-bottom seawater) dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) samples were collected along the outer shelves of the Kara Sea, Laptev Sea and East Siberian Sea. The results show that the Lena River and the DOC may have a preferential role in the transport of Terr-OC to the outer shelf. DOC concentrations (740-3600 mu g L-1) were 1 order of magnitude higher than POC (20-360 mu g L-1), with higher concentrations towards the Lena River plume. The delta C-13 signatures in the three carbon pools varied from -23.9 +/- 1.9 parts per thousand in the SOC, 26.1 +/- 1.2 parts per thousand in the DOC and 27.1 +/- 1.9 parts per thousand in the POC. The Delta C-14 values ranged between 395 +/- 83 (SOC), 226 +/- 92 (DOC) and 113 +/- 122 parts per thousand(POC). These stable and radiocarbon isotopes were also different between the Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea. Both DOC and POC showed a depleted and younger trend off the Lena River plume. Further, the Pacific inflow and the sea-ice coverage, which works as a barrier preventing the input of young DOC and POC, seem to have a strong influence in these carbon pools, presenting older and more enriched delta C-13 signatures under the sea-ice extent. Lignin phenols exhibited higher OC-normalized concentrations in the SOC (0.10-2.34 mg g(-1) OC)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Provningsjämförelse 2016-3 : Närsalter och lukt
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Hanson, Marsha, Sundbom, Marcus, Hanson, Marsha, and Sundbom, Marcus
- Published
- 2016
35. Provningsjämförelse 2016-2 : Suspenderade ämnen
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Hanson, Marsha, Sundbom, Marcus, Hanson, Marsha, and Sundbom, Marcus
- Published
- 2016
36. Sakrapport Övervakning av metaller och organiska miljögifter i limnisk biota, 2014
- Author
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Nyberg, Elisabeth, Faxneld, Suzanne, Danielsson, Sara, Fång, Johan, Vasileiou, Maria, Bignert, Anders, Berger, Urs, Eriksson, Ulla, Holm, Karin, Egebäck, Anna-Lena, Sundbom, Marcus, and Haglund, Peter
- Abstract
The report summarises the monitoring activities within the National Swedish Contaminant Programme for freshwater biota. Each monitored contaminant has been examined in pike, perch and Arctic char from 32 lakes from the north to the south in Sweden. No general trend could be seen for mercury, and all samples, except Arctic char from Abiskojaure, were above the EU target level. Lead was generally decreasing. Nickel showed a general upward trend in perch. An increase, or indication of an increase, was seen for chromium during the last ten years. Zinc concentrations were decreasing in a majority of the perch samples and in pike from Lake Storvindeln. No general trend was observed for copper, arsenic, silver, aluminum, tin, bismuth, and cadmium. In general, downward trends were seen for; PCBs, HCHs, DDT, DDE and PCDD/Fs in all species (with a few exceptions). The chlorinated compounds generally show a somewhat higher concentration in the southern parts of Sweden. Most chlorinated compounds were below the suggested target levels. No general trend was seen during the monitoring period for PBDEs. Concentrations of PBDEs in Lake Bolmen increased from the 60s and peaked in the late 80s to mid-90s and have subsequently decreased. The concentration of HBCDD was under LOQ in a majority of the samples. A majority of the perfluorinated compounds showed an increase in concentration in perch, except PFOS and FOSA. Higher concentrations of perfluorinated compounds can in general be seen in the southern part of Sweden.
- Published
- 2014
37. Contrasting composition of terrigenous organic matter in the dissolved, particulate and sedimentary organic carbon pools on the outer East Siberian Arctic Shelf
- Author
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Salvadó, Joan A., primary, Tesi, Tommaso, additional, Sundbom, Marcus, additional, Karlsson, Emma, additional, Kruså, Martin, additional, Semiletov, Igor P., additional, Panova, Elena, additional, and Gustafsson, Örjan, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Samband mellan oorganiskt aluminium och plankton i sjöar
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Vrede, Tobias, Sundbom, Marcus, Vrede, Tobias, and Sundbom, Marcus
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- 2015
39. Phytoplankton and zooplankton communities in Swedish lakes covering a gradient of inorganic aluminium (Ali) concentrations
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Vrede, Tobias, Sundbom, Marcus, Vrede, Tobias, and Sundbom, Marcus
- Published
- 2015
40. Characterisation of (R)-2-(2-Fluorobiphenyl-4-yl)-N-(3-Methylpyridin-2-yl)Propanamide as a Dual Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase : Cyclooxygenase Inhibitor
- Author
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Gouveia-Figueira, Sandra, Karlsson, Jessica, Deplano, Alessandro, Hashemian, Sanaz, Svensson, Mona, Fredriksson Sundbom, Marcus, Congiu, Cenzo, Onnis, Valentina, Fowler, Christopher J., Gouveia-Figueira, Sandra, Karlsson, Jessica, Deplano, Alessandro, Hashemian, Sanaz, Svensson, Mona, Fredriksson Sundbom, Marcus, Congiu, Cenzo, Onnis, Valentina, and Fowler, Christopher J.
- Abstract
Background Increased endocannabinoid tonus by dual-action fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and substrate selective cyclooxygenase (COX-2) inhibitors is a promising approach for pain-relief. One such compound with this profile is 2-(2-fluorobiphenyl-4-yl)-N-(3-methylpyridin-2-yl)propanamide (Flu-AM1). These activities are shown by Flu-AM1 racemate, but it is not known whether its two single enantiomers behave differently, as is the case towards COX-2 for the parent flurbiprofen enantiomers. Further, the effects of the compound upon COX-2-derived lipids in intact cells are not known. Methodology/Principal Findings COX inhibition was determined using an oxygraphic method with arachidonic acid and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) as substrates. FAAH was assayed in mouse brain homogenates using anandamide (AEA) as substrate. Lipidomic analysis was conducted in unstimulated and lipopolysaccharide + interferon gamma-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Both enantiomers inhibited COX-2 in a substrate-selective and time-dependent manner, with IC50 values in the absence of a preincubation phase of: (R)-Flu-AM1, COX-1 (arachidonic acid) 6 mu M; COX-2 (arachidonic acid) 20 mu M; COX-2 (2-AG) 1 mu M; (S)-Flu-AM1, COX-1 (arachidonic acid) 3 mu M; COX-2 (arachidonic acid) 10 mu M; COX-2 (2-AG) 0.7 mu M. The compounds showed no enantiomeric selectivity in their FAAH inhibitory properties. (R)-Flu-AM1 (10 mu M) greatly inhibited the production of prostaglandin D2 and E2 in both unstimulated and lipopolysaccharide + interferon.-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Levels of 2-AG were not affected either by (R)-Flu-AM1 or by 10 mu M flurbiprofen, either alone or in combination with the FAAH inhibitor URB597 (1 mu M). Conclusions/Significance Both enantiomers of Flu-AM1 are more potent inhibitors of 2-AG compared to arachidonic acid oxygenation by COX-2. Inhibition of COX in lipopolysaccharide + interferon.-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells is insufficient to affect 2-AG levels despite the
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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41. The National Swedish Contaminant Monitoring Programme for Freshwater Biota, 2015
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Nyberg, Elisabeth, Faxneld, Suzanne, Danielsson, Sara, Bignert, Anders, Eriksson, Ulla, Egebäck, Anna-Lena, Holm, Karin, Sundbom, Marcus, Benskin, Jon, Haglund, Peter, Nyberg, Elisabeth, Faxneld, Suzanne, Danielsson, Sara, Bignert, Anders, Eriksson, Ulla, Egebäck, Anna-Lena, Holm, Karin, Sundbom, Marcus, Benskin, Jon, and Haglund, Peter
- Published
- 2015
42. Comments concerning the national Swedish contaminant monitoring programme in marine biota, 2015
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Bignert, Anders, Danielsson, Sara, Faxneld, Suzanne, Nyberg, Elisabeth, Vasileiou, Maria, Fång, Johan, Dahlgren, Henrik, Kylberg, Eva, Staveley Öhlund, Jill, Jones, Douglas, Stenström, Malin, Berger, Urs, Alsberg, Tomas, Kärsrud, Anne-Sofie, Sundbom, Marcus, Holm, Karin, Eriksson, Ulla, Egebäck, Anna-Lena, Haglund, Peter, Kaj, Lennart, Bignert, Anders, Danielsson, Sara, Faxneld, Suzanne, Nyberg, Elisabeth, Vasileiou, Maria, Fång, Johan, Dahlgren, Henrik, Kylberg, Eva, Staveley Öhlund, Jill, Jones, Douglas, Stenström, Malin, Berger, Urs, Alsberg, Tomas, Kärsrud, Anne-Sofie, Sundbom, Marcus, Holm, Karin, Eriksson, Ulla, Egebäck, Anna-Lena, Haglund, Peter, and Kaj, Lennart
- Published
- 2015
43. Predictions of Cu toxicity in three aquatic species using bioavailability tools in four Swedish soft freshwaters
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Hoppe, Sabina, Sundbom, Marcus, Borg, Hans, Breitholtz, Magnus, Hoppe, Sabina, Sundbom, Marcus, Borg, Hans, and Breitholtz, Magnus
- Abstract
Background The EU member countries are currently implementing the Water Framework Directive to promote better water quality and overview of their waters. The directive recommends the usage of bioavailability tools, such as biotic ligand models (BLM), for setting environmental quality standards (EQS) for metals. These models are mainly calibrated towards a water chemistry found in the south central parts of Europe. However, freshwater chemistry in Scandinavia often has higher levels of DOC (dissolved organic carbon), Fe and Al combined with low pH compared to the central parts of Europe. In this study, copper (Cu) toxicities derived by two different BLM software were compared to bioassay-derived toxicity for Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Daphnia magna and D. pulex in four Swedish soft water lakes. Results A significant under- and over prediction between measured and BLM calculated toxicity was found; for P. subcapitata in three of the four lakes and for the daphnids in two of the four lakes. The bioassay toxicity showed the strongest relationship with Fe concentrations and DOC. Furthermore, DOC was the best predictor of BLM results, manifested as positive relationships with calculated LC50 and NOEC for P. subcapitata and D. magna, respectively. Conclusion Results from this study indicate that the two investigated BLM softwares have difficulties calculating Cu toxicity, foremost concerning the algae. The analyses made suggest that there are different chemical properties affecting the calculated toxicity as compared to the measured toxicity. We recommend that tests including Al, Fe and DOC properties as BLM input parameters should be conducted. This to observe if a better consensus between calculated and measured toxicity can be established.
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- 2015
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44. Provningsjämförelse 2015-3 Närsalter
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Hanson, Marsha, Sundbom, Marcus, Hanson, Marsha, and Sundbom, Marcus
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- 2015
45. Provningsjämförelse 2015-2 Suspenderade ämnen
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Hanson, Marsha, Sundbom, Marcus, Hanson, Marsha, and Sundbom, Marcus
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- 2015
46. Provningsjämförelse 2015-1 Metaller och spårämnen
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Hanson, Marsha, Sundbom, Marcus, Hanson, Marsha, and Sundbom, Marcus
- Published
- 2015
47. Provningsjämförelse 2015-4 : Kommunalt och Skogsindustriellt avlopp
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Hanson, Marsha, Sundbom, Marcus, Hanson, Marsha, and Sundbom, Marcus
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- 2015
48. Provningsjämförelse 2015-5 : Jonbalans och Klorofyll
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Hanson, Marsha, Sundbom, Marcus, Hanson, Marsha, and Sundbom, Marcus
- Published
- 2015
49. The Yersinia pseudotuberculosisCpx envelope stress system contributes to transcriptional activation of rovM
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Thanikkal, Edvin J., Gahlot, Dharmender K., Liu, Junfa, Fredriksson Sundbom, Marcus, Gurung, Jyoti M., Ruuth, Kristina, Francis, Monika K., Obi, Ikenna R., Thompson, Karl M., Chen, Shiyun, Dersch, Petra, and Francis, Matthew S.
- Abstract
ABSTRACTThe Gram-negative enteropathogen Yersinia pseudotuberculosispossesses a number of regulatory systems that detect cell envelope damage caused by noxious extracytoplasmic stresses. The CpxA sensor kinase and CpxR response regulator two-component regulatory system is one such pathway. Active Cpx signalling upregulates various factors designed to repair and restore cell envelope integrity. Concomitantly, this pathway also down-regulates key determinants of virulence. In Yersinia, cpxAdeletion accumulates high levels of phosphorylated CpxR (CpxR~P). Accumulated CpxR~P directly repressed rovAexpression and this limited expression of virulence-associated processes. A second transcriptional regulator, RovM, also negatively regulates rovAexpression in response to nutrient stress. Hence, this study aimed to determine if CpxR~P can influence rovAexpression through control of RovM levels. We determined that the active CpxR~P isoform bound to the promoter of rovMand directly induced its expression, which naturally associated with a concurrent reduction in rovAexpression. Site-directed mutagenesis of the CpxR~P binding sequence in the rovMpromoter region desensitised rovMexpression to CpxR~P. These data suggest that accumulated CpxR~P inversely manipulates the levels of two global transcriptional regulators, RovA and RovM, and this would be expected to have considerable influence on Yersiniapathophysiology and metabolism.
- Published
- 2019
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50. Characterisation of (R)-2-(2-Fluorobiphenyl-4-yl)-N-(3-Methylpyridin-2-yl)Propanamide as a Dual Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase: Cyclooxygenase Inhibitor
- Author
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Gouveia-Figueira, Sandra, primary, Karlsson, Jessica, additional, Deplano, Alessandro, additional, Hashemian, Sanaz, additional, Svensson, Mona, additional, Fredriksson Sundbom, Marcus, additional, Congiu, Cenzo, additional, Onnis, Valentina, additional, and Fowler, Christopher J., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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