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39 results on '"Stefanie Kandels-Lewis"'

1. Single-cell genomics of multiple uncultured stramenopiles reveals underestimated functional diversity across oceans

Author: Yoann Seeleuthner, Samuel Mondy, Vincent Lombard, Quentin Carradec, Eric Pelletier, Marc Wessner, Jade Leconte, Jean-François Mangot, Julie Poulain, Karine Labadie, Ramiro Logares, Shinichi Sunagawa, Véronique de Berardinis, Marcel Salanoubat, Céline Dimier, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Marc Picheral, Sarah Searson, Tara Oceans Coordinators, Stephane Pesant, Nicole Poulton, Ramunas Stepanauskas, Peer Bork, Chris Bowler, Pascal Hingamp, Matthew B. Sullivan, Daniele Iudicone, Ramon Massana, Jean-Marc Aury, Bernard Henrissat, Eric Karsenti, Olivier Jaillon, Mike Sieracki, Colomban de Vargas, and Patrick Wincker
Subjects: Science
Abstract: The biology of many marine protists, such as stramenopiles, remains obscure. Here, the authors exploit single-cell genomics and metagenomics to analyze the genome content and apparent oceanic distribution of seven prevalent lineages of uncultured heterotrophic stramenopiles.
Published: 2018
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2. A global ocean atlas of eukaryotic genes

Author: Quentin Carradec, Eric Pelletier, Corinne Da Silva, Adriana Alberti, Yoann Seeleuthner, Romain Blanc-Mathieu, Gipsi Lima-Mendez, Fabio Rocha, Leila Tirichine, Karine Labadie, Amos Kirilovsky, Alexis Bertrand, Stefan Engelen, Mohammed-Amin Madoui, Raphaël Méheust, Julie Poulain, Sarah Romac, Daniel J. Richter, Genki Yoshikawa, Céline Dimier, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Marc Picheral, Sarah Searson, Tara Oceans Coordinators, Olivier Jaillon, Jean-Marc Aury, Eric Karsenti, Matthew B. Sullivan, Shinichi Sunagawa, Peer Bork, Fabrice Not, Pascal Hingamp, Jeroen Raes, Lionel Guidi, Hiroyuki Ogata, Colomban de Vargas, Daniele Iudicone, Chris Bowler, and Patrick Wincker
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Marine microbial eukaryotes and zooplankton display enormous diversity and largely unexplored physiologies. Here, the authors use metatranscriptomics to analyze four organismal size fractions from open-ocean stations, providing the largest reference collection of eukaryotic transcripts from any single biome.
Published: 2018
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3. A holistic approach to marine eco-systems biology.

Author: Eric Karsenti, Silvia G Acinas, Peer Bork, Chris Bowler, Colomban De Vargas, Jeroen Raes, Matthew Sullivan, Detlev Arendt, Francesca Benzoni, Jean-Michel Claverie, Mick Follows, Gaby Gorsky, Pascal Hingamp, Daniele Iudicone, Olivier Jaillon, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Uros Krzic, Fabrice Not, Hiroyuki Ogata, Stéphane Pesant, Emmanuel Georges Reynaud, Christian Sardet, Michael E Sieracki, Sabrina Speich, Didier Velayoudon, Jean Weissenbach, Patrick Wincker, and Tara Oceans Consortium
Subjects: Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: The structure, robustness, and dynamics of ocean plankton ecosystems remain poorly understood due to sampling, analysis, and computational limitations. The Tara Oceans consortium organizes expeditions to help fill this gap at the global level.
Published: 2011
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4. Discrete states of a protein interaction network govern interphase and mitotic microtubule dynamics.

Author: Philipp Niethammer, Iva Kronja, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Sonja Rybina, Philippe Bastiaens, and Eric Karsenti
Subjects: Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: The cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells is thought to adopt discrete "states" corresponding to different steady states of protein networks that govern changes in subcellular organization. For example, in Xenopus eggs, the interphase to mitosis transition is induced solely by activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) that phosphorylates many proteins leading to a reorganization of the nucleus and assembly of the mitotic spindle. Among these changes, the large array of stable microtubules that exists in interphase is replaced by short, highly dynamic microtubules in metaphase. Using a new visual immunoprecipitation assay that quantifies pairwise protein interactions in a non-perturbing manner in Xenopus egg extracts, we reveal the existence of a network of interactions between a series of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). In interphase, tubulin interacts with XMAP215, which is itself interacting with XKCM1, which connects to APC, EB1, and CLIP170. In mitosis, tubulin interacts with XMAP215, which is connected to EB1. We show that in interphase, microtubules are stable because the catastrophe-promoting activity of XKCM1 is inhibited by its interactions with the other MAPs. In mitosis, microtubules are short and dynamic because XKCM1 is free and has a strong destabilizing activity. In this case, the interaction of XMAP215 with EB1 is required to counteract the strong activity of XKCM1. This provides the beginning of a biochemical description of the notion of "cytoplasmic states" regarding the microtubule system.
Published: 2007
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5. Marine DNA Viral Macro- and Microdiversity from Pole to Pole

Author: Ann C. Gregory, Ahmed A. Zayed, Nádia Conceição-Neto, Ben Temperton, Ben Bolduc, Adriana Alberti, Mathieu Ardyna, Ksenia Arkhipova, Margaux Carmichael, Corinne Cruaud, Céline Dimier, Guillermo Domínguez-Huerta, Joannie Ferland, Stefanie Kandels, Yunxiao Liu, Claudie Marec, Stéphane Pesant, Marc Picheral, Sergey Pisarev, Julie Poulain, Jean-Éric Tremblay, Dean Vik, Marcel Babin, Chris Bowler, Alexander I. Culley, Colomban de Vargas, Bas E. Dutilh, Daniele Iudicone, Lee Karp-Boss, Simon Roux, Shinichi Sunagawa, Patrick Wincker, Matthew B. Sullivan, Silvia G. Acinas, Peer Bork, Emmanuel Boss, Guy Cochrane, Michael Follows, Gabriel Gorsky, Nigel Grimsley, Lionel Guidi, Pascal Hingamp, Olivier Jaillon, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Eric Karsenti, Fabrice Not, Hiroyuki Ogata, Nicole Poulton, Jeroen Raes, Christian Sardet, Sabrina Speich, Lars Stemmann, University of Exeter, Institut de Génomique d'Evry (IG), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Takuvik Joint International Laboratory ULAVAL-CNRS, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Molecular Biology Laboratory [Grenoble] (EMBL), Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Institute of Marine Sciences / Institut de Ciències del Mar [Barcelona] (ICM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), University of Maine, Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Evolution des Protistes et Ecosystèmes Pélagiques (EPEP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences [MIT, Cambridge] (EAPS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Biologie intégrative des organismes marins (BIOM), Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), European Molecular Biology Laboratory [Heidelberg] (EMBL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Pangea, Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, Rega Institute - VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Bioinformatics and (eco-)systems Biology Laboratory, Louvain, Belgique, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche sur mer (LBDV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Laboratoire de physique des océans (LPO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Arizona, Région Bretagne, Veolia Foundation, Fondation Prince Albert II de Monaco, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (ADMM), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Subjects: Aquatic Organisms, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Coronacrisis-Taverne, species, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, marine biology, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, diversity gradients, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Tumours of the digestive tract Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 14], Humans, Human virome, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 030304 developmental biology, Marine biology, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 0303 health sciences, metagenomics, Drowning, Community, Ecology, Microbiota, DNA Viruses, Biodiversity, DNA, Population ecology, Biodiversity hotspot, Arctic, 13. Climate action, Metagenomics, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], population ecology, DNA, Viral, Viruses, Metagenome, Water Microbiology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, community ecology, geographic locations
Abstract: 15 pages, 15 figures, 1 tables, supporting information https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2019.03.040, Microbes drive most ecosystems and are modulated by viruses that impact their lifespan, gene flow, and metabolic outputs. However, ecosystem-level impacts of viral community diversity remain difficult to assess due to classification issues and few reference genomes. Here, we establish an ∼12-fold expanded global ocean DNA virome dataset of 195,728 viral populations, now including the Arctic Ocean, and validate that these populations form discrete genotypic clusters. Meta-community analyses revealed five ecological zones throughout the global ocean, including two distinct Arctic regions. Across the zones, local and global patterns and drivers in viral community diversity were established for both macrodiversity (inter-population diversity) and microdiversity (intra-population genetic variation). These patterns sometimes, but not always, paralleled those from macro-organisms and revealed temperate and tropical surface waters and the Arctic as biodiversity hotspots and mechanistic hypotheses to explain them. Such further understanding of ocean viruses is critical for broader inclusion in ecosystem models, Tara Oceans (that includes both the Tara Oceans and Tara Oceans Polar Circle expeditions) would not exist without the leadership of the Tara Expeditions Foundation and the continuous support of 23 institutes (https://oceans.taraexpeditions.org). We further thank the commitment of the following sponsors: CNRS (in particular Groupement de Recherche GDR3280 and the Research Federation for the study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans-GOSEE), European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genoscope/CEA, The French Ministry of Research, and the French Government “Investissements d’Avenir” programmes OCEANOMICS (ANR-11-BTBR-0008), FRANCE GENOMIQUE (ANR-10-INBS-09-08), MEMO LIFE (ANR-10-LABX-54), and PSL∗ Research University (ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02). We also thank the support and commitment of Agnès b. and Etienne Bourgois, the Prince Albert II de Monaco Foundation, the Veolia Foundation, Region Bretagne, Lorient Agglomeration, Serge Ferrari, Worldcourier, and KAUST
Published: 2019

6. Gene Expression Changes and Community Turnover Differentially Shape the Global Ocean Metatranscriptome

Author: Guillem Salazar, Lucas Paoli, Adriana Alberti, Jaime Huerta-Cepas, Hans-Joachim Ruscheweyh, Miguelangel Cuenca, Christopher M. Field, Luis Pedro Coelho, Corinne Cruaud, Stefan Engelen, Ann C. Gregory, Karine Labadie, Claudie Marec, Eric Pelletier, Marta Royo-Llonch, Simon Roux, Pablo Sánchez, Hideya Uehara, Ahmed A. Zayed, Georg Zeller, Margaux Carmichael, Céline Dimier, Joannie Ferland, Stefanie Kandels, Marc Picheral, Sergey Pisarev, Julie Poulain, Silvia G. Acinas, Marcel Babin, Peer Bork, Chris Bowler, Colomban de Vargas, Lionel Guidi, Pascal Hingamp, Daniele Iudicone, Lee Karp-Boss, Eric Karsenti, Hiroyuki Ogata, Stephane Pesant, Sabrina Speich, Matthew B. Sullivan, Patrick Wincker, Shinichi Sunagawa, Emmanuel Boss, Guy Cochrane, Michael Follows, Gabriel Gorsky, Nigel Grimsley, Olivier Jaillon, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Fabrice Not, Nicole Poulton, Jeroen Raes, Christian Sardet, Lars Stemmann, European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Takuvik Joint International Laboratory ULAVAL-CNRS, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Fisica [Mexico] (UASLP), Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi [México] (UASLP), Institute of Microbiology and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CNS, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Center for Genomic Regulation (CRG-UPF), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), European Molecular Biology Laboratory [Heidelberg] (EMBL), Bayer Cropscience, Immunobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Infections Parasitaires, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IFR113-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand - Clermont Auvergne (ICCF), Sigma CLERMONT (Sigma CLERMONT)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Molecular Biology Laboratory [Grenoble] (EMBL), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Takuvik Joint ULaval/CNRS Laboratory, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laval University [Québec], Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génomique d'Evry (IG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institute of Marine Sciences / Institut de Ciències del Mar [Barcelona] (ICM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), University of Maine, European Molecular Biology Laboratory European Bioinformatics Institute, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences [MIT, Cambridge] (EAPS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie intégrative des organismes marins (BIOM), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sezione Ecologia Marina Integrata, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Information génomique et structurale (IGS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche sur mer (LBDV), Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Laboratoire de physique des océans (LPO), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Kyoto University, Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (ADMM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Kyoto University [Kyoto], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval)
Subjects: ASSEMBLY PROCESSES, Effects of global warming on oceans, DIVERSITY, microbial ecology, global ocean microbiome, CARBON, 0302 clinical medicine, biogeochemistry, Gene expression, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0303 health sciences, CLIMATE-CHANGE, Geography, Microbiota, Temperature, CYANOBACTERIA, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], GENOME, BACTERIA, community turnover, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, SURFACE, Oceans and Seas, Tara Oceans, Biology, Article, metagenome, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, ocean warming, 03 medical and health sciences, eco-systems biology, Microbial ecology, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], metatranscriptome, Seawater, RNA, Messenger, 14. Life underwater, Gene, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 030304 developmental biology, Science & Technology, Biogeochemistry, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Cell Biology, Environmental variation, Gene Expression Regulation, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, 13. Climate action, Metagenomics, Evolutionary biology, BIODIVERSITY, sense organs, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Transcriptome, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, gene expression change, BIOGEOGRAPHY
Abstract: This article is contribution number 94 of Tara Oceans.-- 37 pages, 20 figures, 1 table, supplementary information https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2019.10.014.-- All raw reads are available through ENA at https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena using the identifiers listed in https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3473199. Processed data are accessible at https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biostudies/studies/S-BSST297, and additional information is provided in https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3473199 and at the companion website: https://www.ocean-microbiome.org. Scripts used in this manuscript are available through a Github repository at https://github.com/SushiLab/omrgc_v2_scripts, Ocean microbial communities strongly influence the biogeochemistry, food webs, and climate of our planet. Despite recent advances in understanding their taxonomic and genomic compositions, little is known about how their transcriptomes vary globally. Here, we present a dataset of 187 metatranscriptomes and 370 metagenomes from 126 globally distributed sampling stations and establish a resource of 47 million genes to study community-level transcriptomes across depth layers from pole-to-pole. We examine gene expression changes and community turnover as the underlying mechanisms shaping community transcriptomes along these axes of environmental variation and show how their individual contributions differ for multiple biogeochemically relevant processes. Furthermore, we find the relative contribution of gene expression changes to be significantly lower in polar than in non-polar waters and hypothesize that in polar regions, alterations in community activity in response to ocean warming will be driven more strongly by changes in organismal composition than by gene regulatory mechanisms, Tara Oceans (that includes both the Tara Oceans and Tara Oceans Polar Circle expeditions) would not exist without the leadership of the Tara Expeditions Foundation and the continuous support of 23 institutes (https://oceans.taraexpeditions.org). We further thank the commitment of the following sponsors: CNRS (in particular Groupement de Recherche GDR3280 and the Research Federation for the study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara Oceans-GOSEE); European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL); Genoscope/CEA; the French Ministry of Research; the French Government “Investissements d’Avenir” programmes OCEANOMICS (ANR-11-BTBR-0008), FRANCE GENOMIQUE (ANR-10-INBS-09-08), MEMO LIFE (ANR-10-LABX-54), and PSL∗ Research University (ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02); Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (award 3790); the US National Science Foundation (OCE#1536989 and OCE#1829831 to M.B.S.); the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement 686070); and the Ohio Supercomputer and the EMBL and ETH Zürich HPC facilities for computational support. Funding for the collection and processing of the TARA data set was provided by NASA Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry program under grants NNX11AQ14G, NNX09AU43G, NNX13AE58G, and NNX15AC08G to the University of Maine and Canada Excellence Research Chair on Remote sensing of Canada’s new Arctic frontier Canada Foundation for Innovation. C.B. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement 835067). S.G.A. thanks the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (CTM2017-87736-R). S. Sunagawa. is supported by the ETH and the Helmut Horten Foundation and by funding from the Swiss National Foundation (205321_184955)
Published: 2019
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7. Marine DNA Viral Macro-and Micro-Diversity From Pole to Pole

Author: Ann Gregory, Ahmed Zayed, Nádia Conceição-Neto, Ben Temperton, Ben Bolduc, Adriana Alberti, Mathieu Ardyna, Ksenia Arkhipova, Margaux Carmicheal, Corinne Cruaud, Cundefinedline Dimier, Guillermo Dominguez-Huerta, Joannie Ferland, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Yunxiao Liu, Claudie Marec, Stundefinedphane Stundefinedphane, Marc Picheral, Sergey Pisarev, Julie Poulain, Jean-undefinedric Tremblay, Dean Vik, Tara Ocean Coordinators, Marcel Babin, Chris Bowler, Alexander Culley, Colomban de Vargas, Bas Dutilh, Daniele Iudicone, Lee Karp-Boss, Simon Roux, Shinichi Sunagawa, Patrick Wincker, and Matthew Sullivan
Subjects: Marine biology, 0303 health sciences, Community, Ecology, Population ecology, Biology, Biodiversity hotspot, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Arctic, 13. Climate action, Metagenomics, Ecosystem, Human virome, 14. Life underwater, geographic locations, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: Microbes drive most ecosystems and are modulated by viruses that impact their lifespan, gene flow and metabolic outputs. However, ecosystem-level impacts of viral community diversity remains difficult to assess due to classification issues and few reference genomes. Here we establish a ~12-fold expanded global ocean DNA virome dataset of 195,728 viral populations, now including the Arctic Ocean, and validate that these populations form discrete genotypic clusters. Meta-community analyses revealed five ecological zones throughout the global ocean, including two distinct Arctic regions. Across the zones, local and global patterns and drivers in viral community diversity were established for both macrodiversity (inter-population diversity) and microdiversity (intra-population genetic variation). These patterns sometimes, but not always, paralleled those from macro-organisms and revealed temperate and tropical surface waters and the Arctic as biodiversity hotspots and mechanistic hypotheses to explain them. Such further understanding of ocean viruses is critical for broader inclusion in ecosystem models.
Published: 2019

8. Metagenomic analysis of gut microbial communities from a Central Asian population

Author: Samat Kozhakhmetov, Rajna Hercog, Paul Igor Costea, Vladimir Benes, Marja Driessen, Sofia K. Forslund, Talgat Nurgozhin, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Zhaxybay Zhumadilov, Shinichi Sunagawa, Anita Y. Voigt, Valery Benberin, Peer Bork, Almagul Kushugulova, Zhanagul Khassenbekova, Maira Urazova, and Ivica Letunic
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, Firmicutes, Population, Kazakh, Gut flora, Probiotic, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Feces, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine, Humans, Microbiome, education, Aged, 2. Zero hunger, Metabolic Syndrome, education.field_of_study, biology, business.industry, Research, Probiotics, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, General Medicine, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, language.human_language, Kazakhstan, 3. Good health, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Gut Microbiome, Diabetes and Endocrinology, 030104 developmental biology, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Metagenomics, Case-Control Studies, Cohort, language, Enterotype, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Demography
Abstract: ObjectiveChanges in the gut microbiota are increasingly recognised to be involved in many diseases. This ecosystem is known to be shaped by many factors, including climate, geography, host nutrition, lifestyle and medication. Thus, knowledge of varying populations with different habits is important for a better understanding of the microbiome.DesignWe therefore conducted a metagenomic analysis of intestinal microbiota from Kazakh donors, recruiting 84 subjects, including male and female healthy subjects and metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients aged 25–75 years, from the Kazakh administrative centre, Astana. We characterise and describe these microbiomes, the first deep-sequencing cohort from Central Asia, in comparison with a global dataset (832 individuals from five countries on three continents), and explore correlations between microbiota, clinical and laboratory parameters as well as with nutritional data from Food Frequency Questionnaires.ResultsWe observe that Kazakh microbiomes are relatively different from both European and East Asian counterparts, though similar to other Central Asian microbiomes, with the most striking difference being significantly more samples falling within thePrevotella-rich enterotype, potentially reflecting regional diet and lifestyle. We show that this enterotype designation remains stable within an individual over time in 82% of cases. We further observe gut microbiome features that distinguish MetS patients from controls (eg, significantly reduced Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio,BifidobacteriaandSubdoligranulum, alongside increasedPrevotella), though these overlap little with previously published reports and thus may reflect idiosyncrasies of the present cohort.ConclusionTaken together, this exploratory study describes gut microbiome data from an understudied population, providing a starting point for further comparative work on biogeography and research on widespread diseases.Trial registration numberISRCTN37346212; Post-results.
Published: 2018

9. DNA and RNA backups v1

Author: Adriana Alberti, Julie Poulain, Stefan Engelen, Karine Labadie, Sarah Romac, Isabel Ferrera, Guillaume Albini, Jean-Marc Aury, Caroline Belser, Alexis Bertrand, Corinne Cruaud, Corinne Da Silva, Carole Dossat, Frédéric Gavory, Shahinaz Gas, Julie Guy, Maud Haquelle, E'krame Jacoby, Olivier Jaillon, Arnaud Lemainque, Eric Pelletier, Gaëlle Samson, Marc Wessner, Genoscope Technical Team, Silvia G. Acinas, Marta Royo-Llonch, Francisco M. Cornejo-Castillo, Ramiro Logares, Beatriz Fernández-Gómez, Chris Bowler, Guy Cochrane, Clara Amid, Petra Ten Hoopen, Colomban De Vargas, Nigel Grimsley, Elodie Desgranges, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Hiroyuki Ogata, Nicole Poulton, Michael E. Sieracki, Ramunas Stepanauskas, Matthew B. Sullivan, Jennifer R. Brum, Melissa B. Duhaime, Bonnie T. Poulos, Bonnie L. Hurwitz, Stéphane Pesant, Eric Karsenti, and Patrick Wincker
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_compound, Biochemistry, chemistry, RNA, DNA
Abstract: This protocol is part of Nucleic acids preparationsforViral to metazoan marine plankton nucleotide sequences from theTaraOceans expedition.
Published: 2018

10. Sequencing and data quality control v1

Author: Adriana Alberti, Julie Poulain, Stefan Engelen, Karine Labadie, Sarah Romac, Isabel Ferrera, Guillaume Albini, Jean-Marc Aury, Caroline Belser, Alexis Bertrand, Corinne Cruaud, Corinne Da Silva, Carole Dossat, Frédéric Gavory, Shahinaz Gas, Julie Guy, Maud Haquelle, E'krame Jacoby, Olivier Jaillon, Arnaud Lemainque, Eric Pelletier, Gaëlle Samson, Marc Wessner, Genoscope Technical Team, Silvia G. Acinas, Marta Royo-Llonch, Francisco M. Cornejo-Castillo, Ramiro Logares, Beatriz Fernández-Gómez, Chris Bowler, Guy Cochrane, Clara Amid, Petra Ten Hoopen, Colomban De Vargas, Nigel Grimsley, Elodie Desgranges, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Hiroyuki Ogata, Nicole Poulton, Michael E. Sieracki, Ramunas Stepanauskas, Matthew B. Sullivan, Jennifer R. Brum, Melissa B. Duhaime, Bonnie T. Poulos, Bonnie L. Hurwitz, Stéphane Pesant, Eric Karsenti, and Patrick Wincker
Subjects: Computer science, Data quality, Control (management), Data mining, computer.software_genre, computer
Abstract: This protocol describes the sequencing and data quality control for theTaraOceans expedition and is part ofViral to metazoan marine plankton nucleotide sequences from theTaraOceans expedition. Figure 3:Overview of experimental pipeline from nucleic acids to sequences. (Red crosses highlight QC steps where experiments can be stopped.)
Published: 2018

11. Sequencing library preparation v1

Author: Adriana Alberti, Julie Poulain, Stefan Engelen, Karine Labadie, Sarah Romac, Isabel Ferrera, Guillaume Albini, Jean-Marc Aury, Caroline Belser, Alexis Bertrand, Corinne Cruaud, Corinne Da Silva, Carole Dossat, Frédéric Gavory, Shahinaz Gas, Julie Guy, Maud Haquelle, E'krame Jacoby, Olivier Jaillon, Arnaud Lemainque, Eric Pelletier, Gaëlle Samson, Marc Wessner, Genoscope Technical Team, Silvia G. Acinas, Marta Royo-Llonch, Francisco M. Cornejo-Castillo, Ramiro Logares, Beatriz Fernández-Gómez, Chris Bowler, Guy Cochrane, Clara Amid, Petra Ten Hoopen, Colomban De Vargas, Nigel Grimsley, Elodie Desgranges, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Hiroyuki Ogata, Nicole Poulton, Michael E. Sieracki, Ramunas Stepanauskas, Matthew B. Sullivan, Jennifer R. Brum, Melissa B. Duhaime, Bonnie T. Poulos, Bonnie L. Hurwitz, Stéphane Pesant, Eric Karsenti, and Patrick Wincker
Subjects: Computer science, Library preparation, Operating system, computer.software_genre, computer, Protocol (object-oriented programming)
Abstract: This protocol describes the sequencing library preparation for theTaraOceans expedition and is part ofViral to metazoan marine plankton nucleotide sequences from theTaraOceans expedition. Figure 1: Overview of -omics analysis strategy applied on Tara Oceans samples.
Published: 2018

12. Handling of genomics samples v1

Author: Adriana Alberti, Julie Poulain, Stefan Engelen, Karine Labadie, Sarah Romac, Isabel Ferrera, Guillaume Albini, Jean-Marc Aury, Caroline Belser, Alexis Bertrand, Corinne Cruaud, Corinne Da Silva, Carole Dossat, Frédéric Gavory, Shahinaz Gas, Julie Guy, Maud Haquelle, E'krame Jacoby, Olivier Jaillon, Arnaud Lemainque, Eric Pelletier, Gaëlle Samson, Marc Wessner, Genoscope Technical Team, Silvia G. Acinas, Marta Royo-Llonch, Francisco M. Cornejo-Castillo, Ramiro Logares, Beatriz Fernández-Gómez, Chris Bowler, Guy Cochrane, Clara Amid, Petra Ten Hoopen, Colomban De Vargas, Nigel Grimsley, Elodie Desgranges, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Hiroyuki Ogata, Nicole Poulton, Michael E. Sieracki, Ramunas Stepanauskas, Matthew B. Sullivan, Jennifer R. Brum, Melissa B. Duhaime, Bonnie T. Poulos, Bonnie L. Hurwitz, Stéphane Pesant, Eric Karsenti, and Patrick Wincker
Subjects: Genomics, Computational biology, Biology
Abstract: This protocol describes the handling of genomics samples for the Tara Oceans expedition and is part ofViral to metazoan marine plankton nucleotide sequences from the Tara Oceans expedition. Figure 1: Overview of -omics analysis strategy applied on Tara Oceans samples.
Published: 2018

13. Viral to metazoan marine plankton nucleotide sequences from the Tara Oceans expedition v1

Author: Adriana Alberti, Julie Poulain, Stefan Engelen, Karine Labadie, Sarah Romac, Isabel Ferrera, Guillaume Albini, Jean-Marc Aury, Caroline Belser, Alexis Bertrand, Corinne Cruaud, Corinne Da Silva, Carole Dossat, Frédéric Gavory, Shahinaz Gas, Julie Guy, Maud Haquelle, E'krame Jacoby, Olivier Jaillon, Arnaud Lemainque, Eric Pelletier, Gaëlle Samson, Marc Wessner, Genoscope Technical Team, Silvia G. Acinas, Marta Royo-Llonch, Francisco M. Cornejo-Castillo, Ramiro Logares, Beatriz Fernández-Gómez, Chris Bowler, Guy Cochrane, Clara Amid, Petra Ten Hoopen, Colomban De Vargas, Nigel Grimsley, Elodie Desgranges, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Hiroyuki Ogata, Nicole Poulton, Michael E. Sieracki, Ramunas Stepanauskas, Matthew B. Sullivan, Jennifer R. Brum, Melissa B. Duhaime, Bonnie T. Poulos, Bonnie L. Hurwitz, Stéphane Pesant, Eric Karsenti, and Patrick Wincker
Abstract: The protocols in this collection are from the Alberti A., et al manuscript (Alberti A. 2017, Scientific Data). These protocols provide detailed procedures applied for genomic data generation, from nucleic acids extraction to sequence production, and we describe registries of genomics datasets available at the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA,www.ebi.ac.uk/ena). This collection complements other efforts to provide a full description of experiments and open science resources generated from theTaraOceans project, further extending their value for the study of the world’s planktonic ecosystems.' From the Methods section: 'The generation of information-rich data from marine plankton samples presents unique challenges that are inherent to the particular sampling conditions at sea and the wide spectrum of organisms included in that environment. All processing steps, including biomass collection, sample preservation, nucleic acids extractions and sequencing library preparation, are critical and require specific protocols and robust methods in order to ensure comparability of results and limit potential biases. Our methods were either developed specifically forTaraOceans samples or carefully selected among existing ones in order to meet the requirements of our sequencing strategy and to produce optimized datasets for downstream bioinformatics analyses, as for example the production of overlapping reads from metagenomics libraries to facilitate assembly. They are presented in five sub-sections, starting with a brief description of how samples were handled between the research vessel and the processing laboratories (protocol 1). Protocol 2reports on DNA and RNA extractions procedures for -omics analyses, including the generation of amplified genomic DNA from uncultured isolated unicellular eukaryotes. The generation of 18S and 16S rRNA amplicons from DNA of specific size-fractions is described in protocol 3 and Illumina libraries preparation in protocol 4. Sequencing procedures and post-sequencing data processing are described in protocol 5. For details on the onboard sampling protocols, see Pesantet al.'
Published: 2018

14. Nucleic acids preparations v1

Author: Adriana Alberti, Julie Poulain, Stefan Engelen, Karine Labadie, Sarah Romac, Isabel Ferrera, Guillaume Albini, Jean-Marc Aury, Caroline Belser, Alexis Bertrand, Corinne Cruaud, Corinne Da Silva, Carole Dossat, Frédéric Gavory, Shahinaz Gas, Julie Guy, Maud Haquelle, E'krame Jacoby, Olivier Jaillon, Arnaud Lemainque, Eric Pelletier, Gaëlle Samson, Marc Wessner, Genoscope Technical Team, Silvia G. Acinas, Marta Royo-Llonch, Francisco M. Cornejo-Castillo, Ramiro Logares, Beatriz Fernández-Gómez, Chris Bowler, Guy Cochrane, Clara Amid, Petra Ten Hoopen, Colomban De Vargas, Nigel Grimsley, Elodie Desgranges, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Hiroyuki Ogata, Nicole Poulton, Michael E. Sieracki, Ramunas Stepanauskas, Matthew B. Sullivan, Jennifer R. Brum, Melissa B. Duhaime, Bonnie T. Poulos, Bonnie L. Hurwitz, Stéphane Pesant, Eric Karsenti, and Patrick Wincker
Subjects: Biochemistry, Nucleic acid
Abstract: This protocol describes thenucleic acids preparations for theTaraOceans expedition and is part ofViral to metazoan marine plankton nucleotide sequences from theTaraOceans expedition. Figure 1: Overview of -omics analysis strategy applied on Tara Oceans samples.
Published: 2018

15. 18S and 16S rRNA genes amplicon generation for eukaryotic and prokaryotic metabarcoding v1

Author: Adriana Alberti, Julie Poulain, Stefan Engelen, Karine Labadie, Sarah Romac, Isabel Ferrera, Guillaume Albini, Jean-Marc Aury, Caroline Belser, Alexis Bertrand, Corinne Cruaud, Corinne Da Silva, Carole Dossat, Frédéric Gavory, Shahinaz Gas, Julie Guy, Maud Haquelle, E'krame Jacoby, Olivier Jaillon, Arnaud Lemainque, Eric Pelletier, Gaëlle Samson, Marc Wessner, Genoscope Technical Team, Silvia G. Acinas, Marta Royo-Llonch, Francisco M. Cornejo-Castillo, Ramiro Logares, Beatriz Fernández-Gómez, Chris Bowler, Guy Cochrane, Clara Amid, Petra Ten Hoopen, Colomban De Vargas, Nigel Grimsley, Elodie Desgranges, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Hiroyuki Ogata, Nicole Poulton, Michael E. Sieracki, Ramunas Stepanauskas, Matthew B. Sullivan, Jennifer R. Brum, Melissa B. Duhaime, Bonnie T. Poulos, Bonnie L. Hurwitz, Stéphane Pesant, Eric Karsenti, and Patrick Wincker
Subjects: Genetics, Amplicon, Biology, 16S ribosomal RNA, Gene
Abstract: This protocol describes the 18S and 16S rRNA genes amplicon generation for eukaryotic and prokaryotic metabarcoding for theTaraOceans expedition and is part ofViral to metazoan marine plankton nucleotide sequences from theTaraOceans expedition. Figure 1: Overview of -omics analysis strategy applied on Tara Oceans samples.
Published: 2018

16. A global ocean atlas of eukaryotic genes

Author: Quentin, Carradec, Eric, Pelletier, Corinne, Da Silva, Adriana, Alberti, Yoann, Seeleuthner, Romain, Blanc-Mathieu, Gipsi, Lima-Mendez, Fabio, Rocha, Leila, Tirichine, Karine, Labadie, Amos, Kirilovsky, Alexis, Bertrand, Stefan, Engelen, Mohammed-Amin, Madoui, Raphaël, Méheust, Julie, Poulain, Sarah, Romac, Daniel J, Richter, Genki, Yoshikawa, Céline, Dimier, Stefanie, Kandels-Lewis, Marc, Picheral, Sarah, Searson, Olivier, Jaillon, Jean-Marc, Aury, Eric, Karsenti, Matthew B, Sullivan, Shinichi, Sunagawa, Peer, Bork, Fabrice, Not, Pascal, Hingamp, Jeroen, Raes, Lionel, Guidi, Hiroyuki, Ogata, Colomban, de Vargas, Daniele, Iudicone, Chris, Bowler, Jean, Weissenbach, and UCL - SST/LIBST - Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology
Subjects: Aquatic Organisms, Oceans and Seas, General Physics and Astronomy, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, Zooplankton, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Atlases as Topic, Animals, Seawater, Amino Acid Sequence, Ecosystem, Phylogeny, Bacteria, fungi, Eukaryota, Biodiversity, General Chemistry, Eukaryotic Cells, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Phytoplankton, Viruses, General Biochemistry, Metagenome, Metagenomics
Abstract: While our knowledge about the roles of microbes and viruses in the ocean has increased tremendously due to recent advances in genomics and metagenomics, research on marine microbial eukaryotes and zooplankton has benefited much less from these new technologies because of their larger genomes, their enormous diversity, and largely unexplored physiologies. Here, we use a metatranscriptomics approach to capture expressed genes in open ocean Tara Oceans stations across four organismal size fractions. The individual sequence reads cluster into 116 million unigenes representing the largest reference collection of eukaryotic transcripts from any single biome. The catalog is used to unveil functions expressed by eukaryotic marine plankton, and to assess their functional biogeography. Almost half of the sequences have no similarity with known proteins, and a great number belong to new gene families with a restricted distribution in the ocean. Overall, the resource provides the foundations for exploring the roles of marine eukaryotes in ocean ecology and biogeochemistry., Marine microbial eukaryotes and zooplankton display enormous diversity and largely unexplored physiologies. Here, the authors use metatranscriptomics to analyze four organismal size fractions from open-ocean stations, providing the largest reference collection of eukaryotic transcripts from any single biome.
Published: 2018

17. Selective maternal seeding and environment shape the human gut microbiome

Author: Nicola Segata, Gonneke Willemsen, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Katri Korpela, Paul I. Costea, Luis Pedro Coelho, Dorret I. Boomsma, Peer Bork, Biological Psychology, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, APH - Mental Health, APH - Methodology, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, Research Programs Unit, Immunobiology Research Program, Medicum, Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, and University of Helsinki
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), Bacteroidia, TRANSMISSION, DIVERSITY, Clostridiaceae, Mothers, BIFIDOBACTERIA, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, METAGENOMICS, MATURATION, Actinobacteria, Feces, DELIVERY, 03 medical and health sciences, Pregnancy, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, REVEALS, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Colonization, Microbiome, Genetics (clinical), 2. Zero hunger, Maternal Transmission, biology, Bacteroidetes, Transmission (medicine), Research, Microbiota, Infant, Newborn, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Mother-Child Relations, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, 030104 developmental biology, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, BACTERIA, Female, INFANT, HEALTH, 3111 Biomedicine
Abstract: Vertical transmission of bacteria from mother to infant at birth is postulated to initiate a life-long host-microbe symbiosis, playing an important role in early infant development. However, only the tracking of strictly defined unique microbial strains can clarify where the intestinal bacteria come from, how long the initial colonizers persist, and whether colonization by other strains from the environment can replace existing ones. Using rare single nucleotide variants in fecal metagenomes of infants and their family members, we show strong evidence of selective and persistent transmission of maternal strain populations to the vaginally born infant and their occasional replacement by strains from the environment, including those from family members, in later childhood. Only strains from the classes Actinobacteria and Bacteroidia, which are essential components of the infant microbiome, are transmitted from the mother and persist for at least 1 yr. In contrast, maternal strains of Clostridia, a dominant class in the mother's gut microbiome, are not observed in the infant. Caesarean-born infants show a striking lack of maternal transmission at birth. After the first year, strain influx from the family environment occurs and continues even in adulthood. Fathers appear to be more frequently donors of novel strains to other family members than receivers. Thus, the infant gut is seeded by selected maternal bacteria, which expand to form a stable community, with a rare but stable continuing strain influx over time.
Published: 2018
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18. Ecogenomics and biogeochemical impacts of uncultivated globally abundant ocean viruses

Author: Natalie Solonenko, Elena Lara, Shinichi Sunagawa, Bonnie T. Poulos, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Lee Karp-Boss, Adriana Alberti, Silvia G. Acinas, Stephane Pesant, Didier Velayoudon, Mathew B. Sullivan, Pascal Hingamp, Vargas Cd, Fabrice Not, Patrick Wincker, Lars Stemmann, Daniele Iudicone, G. Gorsky, Hiroyuki Ogata, Michael E. Sieracki, Corinne Cruaud, Uros Krzic, Nigel Grimsley, Brum, Christian Sardet, Céline Dimier, Marc Picheral, Dolors Vaqué, Sarah Searson, Simon Roux, Sabrina Speich, Mick Follows, Jeroen Raes, Bas E. Dutilh, Chris Bowler, Melissa B. Duhaime, Eric Karsenti, Josep M. Gasol, Julie Poulain, Peer Bork, Carlos M. Duarte, Emmanuel Boss, Emmanuel G. Reynaud, Olivier Jaillon, and Alexander Loy
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Biogeochemical cycle, 030306 microbiology, Mesopelagic zone, Ecology, viruses, Population, Context (language use), Biology, Deep sea, Genome, 03 medical and health sciences, 13. Climate action, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, education, 030304 developmental biology, Trophic level
Abstract: Ocean microbes drive global-scale biogeochemical cycling1, but do so under constraints imposed by viruses on host community composition, metabolism, and evolutionary trajectories2–5. Due to sampling and cultivation challenges, genome-level viral diversity remains poorly described and grossly understudied in nature such that 5. Here we analyze a global map of abundant, double stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses and viral-encoded auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs) with genomic and ecological contexts through the Global Ocean Viromes (GOV) dataset, which includes complete genomes and large genomic fragments from both surface and deep ocean viruses sampled during the Tara Oceans and Malaspina research expeditions6,7. A total of 15,222 epi- and mesopelagic viral populations were identified that comprised 867 viral clusters (VCs, approximately genus-level groups8,9). This roughly triples known ocean viral populations10, doubles known candidate bacterial and archaeal virus genera9, and near-completely samples epipelagic communities at both the population and VC level. Thirty-eight of the 867 VCs were identified as the most impactful dsDNA viral groups in the oceans, as these were locally or globally abundant and accounted together for nearly half of the viral populations in any GOV sample. Most of these were predicted in silico to infect dominant, ecologically relevant microbes, while two thirds of them represent newly described viruses that lacked any cultivated representative. Beyond these taxon-specific ecological observations, we identified 243 viral-encoded AMGs in GOV, only 95 of which were known. Deeper analyses of 4 of these AMGs revealed that abundant viruses directly manipulate sulfur and nitrogen cycling, and do so throughout the epipelagic ocean. Together these data provide a critically-needed organismal catalog and functional context to begin meaningfully integrating viruses into ecosystem models as key players in nutrient cycling and trophic networks.
Published: 2016

19. Ecogenomics and potential biogeochemical impacts of globally abundant ocean viruses

Author: Simon Roux, Patrick Wincker, Marc Picheral, Alexander Loy, Silvia G. Acinas, Stephane Pesant, Bonnie T. Poulos, Julie Poulain, Jennifer R. Brum, Elena Lara, Shinichi Sunagawa, Sarah Searson, Adriana Alberti, Corinne Cruaud, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Peer Bork, Carlos M. Duarte, Dolors Vaqué, Josep M. Gasol, Natalie Solonenko, Céline Dimier, Bas E. Dutilh, Melissa B. Duhaime, Mathew B. Sullivan, Ohio State University [Columbus] (OSU), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Theoretical Biology & Bioinformatics [Utrecht], University Medical Center [Utrecht], Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Structural and Computational Biology [Heidelberg], European Molecular Biology Laboratory [Heidelberg] (EMBL), Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, University of Vienna [Vienna], Austrian Polar Research Institute, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology [University of Arizona], University of Arizona, Institute of Marine Sciences / Institut de Ciències del Mar [Barcelona] (ICM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Istituto di Scienze Marine [Venezia] (ISMAR-CNR), Istituto di Science Marine (ISMAR ), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut de Génomique d'Evry (IG), Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Data Publisher for Earth and Environmental Science (PANGAEA), University of Bremen, Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Evolution des Protistes et Ecosystèmes Pélagiques (EPEP), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering [Columbus], Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), National Science Foundation (US), Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Ministére de l'Education Nationale de la Recherche et de la Technologie (France), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Ecosystem Genomics Institute (US), Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil), Austrian Science Fund, HAL-UPMC, Gestionnaire, Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Water microbiology, Genes, Viral, Mesopelagic zone, viruses, Datasets as Topic, Geographic Mapping, [SDU.STU.OC] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, Genome, Tumours of the digestive tract Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 14], Trophic level, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Marine biology, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, Nitrogen Cycle, 3. Good health, Viruses, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Expeditions, Oceans and Seas, 030106 microbiology, Population, Coronacrisis-Taverne, Phage biology, Genome, Viral, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION PROTEINS, DE-NOVO ASSEMBLER, MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES, PHYLOGENETIC TREES, GENOME SEQUENCES, INTERACTIVE TREE, SULFUR OXIDATION, MARINE VIRUSES, PHAGE, BACTERIOPHAGE, Seawater, Ecosystem, Human virome, 14. Life underwater, education, Microbial biooceanography, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 15. Life on land, 030104 developmental biology, 13. Climate action, Metagenomics, DNA, Viral, Metagenome, Sulfur, [SDV.BID] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity
Abstract: Roux, Simon ... et al.-- 5 pages, 3 figures, supporting information https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature19366, Ocean microbes drive biogeochemical cycling on a global scale1. However, this cycling is constrained by viruses that affect community composition, metabolic activity, and evolutionary trajectories2, 3. Owing to challenges with the sampling and cultivation of viruses, genome-level viral diversity remains poorly described and grossly understudied, with less than 1% of observed surface-ocean viruses known4. Here we assemble complete genomes and large genomic fragments from both surface- and deep-ocean viruses sampled during the Tara Oceans and Malaspina research expeditions5, 6, and analyse the resulting ‘global ocean virome’ dataset to present a global map of abundant, double-stranded DNA viruses complete with genomic and ecological contexts. A total of 15,222 epipelagic and mesopelagic viral populations were identified, comprising 867 viral clusters (defined as approximately genus-level groups7, 8). This roughly triples the number of known ocean viral populations4 and doubles the number of candidate bacterial and archaeal virus genera8, providing a near-complete sampling of epipelagic communities at both the population and viral-cluster level. We found that 38 of the 867 viral clusters were locally or globally abundant, together accounting for nearly half of the viral populations in any global ocean virome sample. While two-thirds of these clusters represent newly described viruses lacking any cultivated representative, most could be computationally linked to dominant, ecologically relevant microbial hosts. Moreover, we identified 243 viral-encoded auxiliary metabolic genes, of which only 95 were previously known. Deeper analyses of four of these auxiliary metabolic genes (dsrC, soxYZ, P-II (also known as glnB) and amoC) revealed that abundant viruses may directly manipulate sulfur and nitrogen cycling throughout the epipelagic ocean. This viral catalog and functional analyses provide a necessary foundation for the meaningful integration of viruses into ecosystem models where they act as key players in nutrient cycling and trophic networks, This viral research was funded by a National Science Foundation grant (1536989) and Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation grants (3790, 2631) to M.B.S., and the French Ministry of Research and Government through the ‘Investissements d’Avenir’ program OCEANOMICS (ANR-11-BTBR-0008) and France Genomique (ANR-10-INBS-09-08). Virus researchers were partially supported by the Water, Environmental and Energy Solutions Initiative and the Ecosystem Genomics Institute (S.R.), the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research Vidi grant 864.14.004 and CAPES/BRASIL (B.E.D.), and the Austrian Science Fund (project P25111-B22, A.L.)
Published: 2016

20. CLIP-170 tracks growing microtubule ends by dynamically recognizing composite EB1/tubulin-binding sites

Author: Thomas Surrey, Carsten Janke, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Ivo A. Telley, Peter Bieling, and Juliette van Dijk
Subjects: Microtubule-associated protein, macromolecular substances, Microtubules, Models, Biological, Tubulin binding, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Microtubule, Report, Molecular motor, Animals, Humans, Microtubule end, Binding site, Research Articles, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Binding Sites, biology, Cell Biology, Microtubule plus-end, Cell biology, Neoplasm Proteins, Tubulin, biology.protein, Microtubule-Associated Proteins, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: The microtubule cytoskeleton is crucial for the internal organization of eukaryotic cells. Several microtubule-associated proteins link microtubules to subcellular structures. A subclass of these proteins, the plus end–binding proteins (+TIPs), selectively binds to the growing plus ends of microtubules. Here, we reconstitute a vertebrate plus end tracking system composed of the most prominent +TIPs, end-binding protein 1 (EB1) and CLIP-170, in vitro and dissect their end-tracking mechanism. We find that EB1 autonomously recognizes specific binding sites present at growing microtubule ends. In contrast, CLIP-170 does not end-track by itself but requires EB1. CLIP-170 recognizes and turns over rapidly on composite binding sites constituted by end-accumulated EB1 and tyrosinated α-tubulin. In contrast to its fission yeast orthologue Tip1, dynamic end tracking of CLIP-170 does not require the activity of a molecular motor. Our results demonstrate evolutionary diversity of the plus end recognition mechanism of CLIP-170 family members, whereas the autonomous end-tracking mechanism of EB family members is conserved.
Published: 2008

21. Inactivation of a Human Kinetochore by Specific Targeting of Chromatin Modifiers

Author: Hiroshi Masumoto, Stefano Cardinale, Reto Gassmann, Paola Vagnarelli, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Megumi Nakano, William C. Earnshaw, Vladimir Larionov, and Vladimir N. Noskov
Subjects: Heterochromatin, Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Centromere, Molecular Sequence Data, Human artificial chromosome, macromolecular substances, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, Chromosomes, Artificial, Human, Epigenesis, Genetic, Histones, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Centromere Protein A, Silencer Elements, Transcriptional, Animals, Humans, TetR, Kinetochores, Molecular Biology, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, Base Sequence, Kinetochore, 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, Cell Biology, DNA, Molecular biology, Chromatin, Cell biology, Histone, chemistry, biology.protein, CELLBIO, Developmental Biology
Abstract: Summary We have used a human artificial chromosome (HAC) to manipulate the epigenetic state of chromatin within an active kinetochore. The HAC has a dimeric α-satellite repeat containing one natural monomer with a CENP-B binding site, and one completely artificial synthetic monomer with the CENP-B box replaced by a tetracycline operator (tetO). This HAC exhibits normal kinetochore protein composition and mitotic stability. Targeting of several tet-repressor (tetR) fusions into the centromere had no effect on kinetochore function. However, altering the chromatin state to a more open configuration with the tTA transcriptional activator or to a more closed state with the tTS transcription silencer caused missegregation and loss of the HAC. tTS binding caused the loss of CENP-A, CENP-B, CENP-C, and H3K4me2 from the centromere accompanied by an accumulation of histone H3K9me3. Our results reveal that a dynamic balance between centromeric chromatin and heterochromatin is essential for vertebrate kinetochore activity.
Published: 2008

22. Patterns and ecological drivers of ocean viral communities

Author: Patrick Wincker, Sarah Searson, Jennifer R. Brum, J. Cesar Ignacio-Espinoza, Daniele Iudicone, Gabriel Gorsky, Fabrice Not, Bonnie T. Poulos, Matthew B. Sullivan, Tara Oceans Coordinators, Samuel Chaffron, Lionel Guidi, Stephane Pesant, Adriana Alberti, Hiroyuki Ogata, Silvia G. Acinas, Pascal Hingamp, Josep M. Gasol, Céline Dimier, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Corinne Cruaud, Shinichi Sunagawa, Colomban de Vargas, Simon Roux, Chris Bowler, Eric Karsenti, Marc Picheral, Sabrina Speich, Peer Bork, Ann C. Gregory, Guilhem Doulcier, Sarah M. Schwenck, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology [Tucson] (EEB), University of Arizona, Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Marine Sciences / Institut de Ciències del Mar [Barcelona] (ICM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), CNS, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Evolution des Protistes et Ecosystèmes Pélagiques (EPEP), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Information génomique et structurale (IGS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), Diversité et Interactions au sein du Plancton Océanique (DIPO), Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, Laboratoire de physique des océans (LPO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Molecular Biology Laboratory [Heidelberg] (EMBL), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, ANR-11-BTBR-0008,OCEANOMICS,Biotechnologies et bioressources pour la valorisation des écosystèmes marins planctoniques(2011), ANR-10-INBS-0009,France-Génomique,Organisation et montée en puissance d'une Infrastructure Nationale de Génomique(2010), ANR-10-IDEX-0001,PSL,Paris Sciences et Lettres(2010), ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011), ANR-09-BLAN-0348,POSEIDON(2009), ANR-10-BLAN-1709,PHYTBACK,Rétroactions écologie-climat dues à l'évolution de la taille et de la forme du phytoplancton(2010), ANR-09-GENM-0031,PROMETHEUS,Approches génomiques pour l?analyse de la biodiversité fonctionnelle des protistes océaniques de l?expédition Tara-Oceans.(2009), ANR-09-GENM-0032,TARA-GIRUS,Inventaire et ressources génétiques de virus géants à ADN dans les milieux marins sur Tara-Oceans(2009), European Project: 287589,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-OCEAN-2011,MICRO B3(2012), European Project: 261376,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2010-single-stage,IHMS(2011), European Project: 294823,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2011-ADG_20110310,DIATOMITE(2012), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Vrije Universiteit [Brussels] (VUB), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (ADMM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, ANR-11-BTBR-0008/11-BTBR-0008,OCEANOMICS,Biotechnologies et bioressources pour la valorisation des écosystèmes marins planctoniques(2011), ANR-10-INBS-09-01/10-INBS-0009,France-Génomique,Organisation et montée en puissance d'une Infrastructure Nationale de Génomique(2010), ANR-10-IDEX-0001-02/10-LABX-0054,MEMOLIFE,Memory in living systems: an integrated approach(2010), ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02/11-LABX-0061,OTMed,Objectif Terre : Bassin Méditerranéen(2011), ANR-09-BLAN-0348,POSEIDON,PrOtiSts EcologIcal bioDiversity in Tara-OceaNs(2009), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, and École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Multidisciplinary, Ecology, Viral protein, Host (biology), Population size, viruses, Ocean current, fungi, Community structure, Pelagic zone, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Gene flow, 13. Climate action, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, medicine, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Brum, Jennifer R. ... et. al.-- 10 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, supplementary material www.sciencemag.org/content/348/6237/1261498/suppl/DC1, Viruses influence ecosystems by modulating microbial population size, diversity, metabolic outputs, and gene flow. Here, we use quantitative double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viral-fraction metagenomes (viromes) and whole viral community morphological data sets from 43 Tara Oceans expedition samples to assess viral community patterns and structure in the upper ocean. Protein cluster cataloging defined pelagic upper-ocean viral community pan and core gene sets and suggested that this sequence space is well-sampled. Analyses of viral protein clusters, populations, and morphology revealed biogeographic patterns whereby viral communities were passively transported on oceanic currents and locally structured by environmental conditions that affect host community structure. Together, these investigations establish a global ocean dsDNA viromic data set with analyses supporting the seed-bank hypothesis to explain how oceanic viral communities maintain high local diversity. © 2015, American Association for the Advancement of Science. All rights reserved, We thank the commitment of the following people and sponsors: CNRS (in particular Groupement de Recherche GDR3280), European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genoscope/CEA, VIB KU Leuven, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, University of Milano- Bicocca, Fund for Scientific Research—Flanders, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, The French Ministry of Research, the French Government “Investissements d’Avenir” programmes OCEANOMICS (ANR-11-BTBR-0008), FRANCE GENOMIQUE (ANR-10-INBS-09-08), MEMO LIFE (ANR-10-LABX-54), Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University (ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02), ANR (projects POSEIDON/ANR-09-BLAN-0348, PHYTBACK/ANR-2010-1709-01, PROMETHEUS/ANR-09-PCS-GENM-217, TARA-GIRUS/ANR-09-PCS-GENM-218), European Union 7th Framework Programme (MicroB3/No.287589, IHMS/HEALTH-F4-2010-261376), European Research Council (ERC) advanced grant award to C.B. (Diatomite: 294823), Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation grant (3790) to M.B.S., Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation grant CGL2011-26848/BOS MicroOcean PANGENOMICS to S.G.A., TANIT (CONES 2010-0036) from the Agència de Gestió d´Ajusts Universitaris i Reserca to S.G.A., Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI grant 26430184 to H.O., The Research Foundation—Flanders (FWO), BIO5, Biosphere 2 to M.B.S., and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation through grants GBMF2631 and GBMF3790 to M.B.S. We also thank the support and commitment of Agnès B. and Etienne Bourgois, the Veolia Environment Foundation, Region Bretagne, Lorient Agglomeration, World Courier, Illumina, the Education for Development Foundation, Foundation for Biodiversity Research (FRB), the Prince Albert II de Monaco Foundation, the Tara schooner and its captains and crew. We thank MERCATOR-CORIOLIS and ACRI-ST for providing daily satellite data during the expedition. We are also grateful to the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs for supporting the expedition and to the countries who graciously granted sampling permissions. Tara Oceans would not exist without continuous support from 23 institutes (http://oceans.taraexpeditions.org)
Published: 2015

23. Environmental characteristics of Agulhas rings affect interocean plankton transport

Author: Colomban de Vargas, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Gregory K. Farrant, Laurence Garczarek, Hiroyuki Ogata, Silvia G. Acinas, Pascal Hingamp, Shruti Malviya, Lucie Bittner, Bruno Blanke, Matthew B. Sullivan, Michael J. Follows, Sarah Searson, Patrick Wincker, Oliver Jahn, Emilie Villar, Cyrille Lepoivre, Jennifer R. Brum, Shinichi Sunagawa, Thomas Vannier, Lionel Guidi, Pierre Testor, Tara Oceans Coordinators, Hervé Le Goff, Chris Hill, Daniele Iudicone, Stéphane Audic, Sébastien Santini, Stephane Pesant, Adriana Zingone, Gabriel Gorsky, Fabrice Not, Nicolas Grima, Jean-Baptiste Romagnan, Céline Dimier, Atsuko Tanaka, Raffaella Casotti, Jean-Pierre Gattuso, Flora Vincent, John R. Dolan, Eric Pelletier, Alison Chase, Jean-Louis Jamet, Emmanuel Boss, Eleonora Scalco, Fabrizio D'Ortenzio, Peer Bork, Christophe Brunet, Marc Picheral, Sabrina Speich, Simon Roux, Chris Bowler, Eric Karsenti, Sarah M. Schwenck, Information génomique et structurale (IGS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (ADMM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Laboratoire de physique des océans (LPO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Arizona, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), University of Maine, Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Processus de Transfert et d'Echanges dans l'Environnement - EA 3819 (PROTEE), Université de Toulon (UTLN), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Développement Instrumental et Techniques Marines (DITM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Variabilité de l'Océan et de la Glace de mer (VOG), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Molecular Biology Laboratory [Heidelberg] (EMBL), Institute of Marine Sciences / Institut de Ciències del Mar [Barcelona] (ICM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Data Publisher for Earth and Environmental Science (PANGAEA), University of Bremen, We appreciate the commitment of the following people and sponsors: CNRS (in particular, Groupement de Recherche GDR3280), European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genoscope/CEA, VIB, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, UNIMIB, Fund for Scientific Research–Flanders, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, the French Ministry of Research, the French government Investissements d’Avenir programmes OCEANOMICS (ANR-11-BTBR-0008), FRANCE GENOMIQUE (ANR-10-INBS-09-08), MEMO LIFE (ANR-10-LABX-54), PSL* Research University (ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02), and ANR (projects POSEIDON/ ANR-09-BLAN- 0348, PHYTBACK/ANR-2010-1709-01, PROMETHEUS/ANR-09-PCS-GENM-217, SAMOSA/ANR-13-ADAP0010, and TARAGIRUS/ANR-09-PCS-GENM-218), European Union FP7 (MicroB3/No.287589, IHMS/HEALTH-F4-2010-261376, and MaCuMBA/No.311975), ERC Advanced Grant Award to C.B. (Diatomite: 294823), Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation grant (no. 3790) to M.B.S., Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation grant CGL2011-26848/BOS MicroOcean PANGENOMICS to S.G.A., TANIT (CONES 2010-0036) from the Agència de Gestió d´Ajusts Universitaris i Reserca to S.G.A., JSPS KAKENHI grant no. 26430184 to H.O., NASA Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry program (NNX11AQ14G and NNX09AU43G) to E.B., The Italian Research for the Sea (Flagship Project RITMARE) to D.I., and FWO, BIO5, and Biosphere 2 to M.B.S. We also appreciate the support and commitment of Agnès b. and Etienne Bourgois, the Veolia Environment Foundation, Region Bretagne, Lorient Agglomeration, World Courier, Illumina, the EDF Foundation, FRB, the Prince Albert II de Monaco Foundation, and the Tara schooner and its captains and crew. We thank MERCATOR-CORIOLIS and ACRI-ST for providing daily satellite data during the expedition. We are also grateful to the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs for supporting the expedition and to the countries that graciously granted sampling permissions. Tara Oceans would not exist without continuous support from 23 institutes (http://oceans.taraexpeditions.org). We also acknowledge excellent assistance from the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI), in particular G. Cochrane and P. ten Hoopen, as well as the EMBL Advanced Light Microscopy Facility (ALMF), in particular R. Pepperkok. We thank Y. Timsit for stimulating scientific discussions and critical help during writing of the manuscript. The altimeter products were produced by Ssalto/Duacs and CLS, with support from CNES., ANR-11-BTBR-0008,OCEANOMICS,Biotechnologies et bioressources pour la valorisation des écosystèmes marins planctoniques(2011), ANR-10-INBS-0009,France-Génomique,Organisation et montée en puissance d'une Infrastructure Nationale de Génomique(2010), ANR-10-IDEX-0001,PSL,Paris Sciences et Lettres(2010), ANR-09-BLAN-0348,POSEIDON(2009), ANR-10-BLAN-1709,PHYTBACK,Rétroactions écologie-climat dues à l'évolution de la taille et de la forme du phytoplancton(2010), ANR-13-ADAP-0010,SAMOSA,Synechococcus as a model genus for studying adaptation of marine phytoplankton to environmental changes(2013), European Project: 287589,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-OCEAN-2011,MICRO B3(2012), European Project: 261376,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2010-single-stage,IHMS(2011), European Project: 294823,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2011-ADG_20110310,DIATOMITE(2012), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, Atlantic hurricane, Biogeochemical cycle, Multidisciplinary, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ocean current, fungi, Biology, Plankton, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Indian ocean, Oceanography, Biological dispersal, Seawater, 14. Life underwater, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Nitrogen cycle, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Villar, Emilie ... et. al.-- 11 pages, 8 figures, supplementary materials www.sciencemag.org/content/348/6237/1261447/suppl/DC1, Agulhas rings provide the principal route for ocean waters to circulate from the Indo-Pacific to the Atlantic basin. Their influence on global ocean circulation is well known, but their role in plankton transport is largely unexplored. We show that, although the coarse taxonomic structure of plankton communities is continuous across the Agulhas choke point, South Atlantic plankton diversity is altered compared with Indian Ocean source populations. Modeling and in situ sampling of a young Agulhas ring indicate that strong vertical mixing drives complex nitrogen cycling, shaping community metabolism and biogeochemical signatures as the ring and associated plankton transit westward. The peculiar local environment inside Agulhas rings may provide a selective mechanism contributing to the limited dispersal of Indian Ocean plankton populations into the Atlantic. © 2015, American Association for the Advancement of Science. All rights reserved, We appreciate the commitment of the following people and sponsors: CNRS (in particular, Groupement de Recherche GDR3280); European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL); Genoscope/CEA; VIB; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn; UNIMIB; Fund for Scientific Research–Flanders; Rega Institute, KU Leuven; the French Ministry of Research; the French government Investissements d’Avenir programmes OCEANOMICS (ANR-11-BTBR-0008), FRANCE GENOMIQUE (ANR-10-INBS-09-08), MEMO LIFE (ANR-10-LABX-54), PSL* Research University (ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02), and ANR (projects POSEIDON/ ANR-09-BLAN- 0348, PHYTBACK/ANR-2010-1709-01, PROMETHEUS/ANR-09-PCS-GENM-217, SAMOSA/ANR-13-ADAP-0010, and TARAGIRUS/ANR-09-PCS-GENM-218); European Union FP7 (MicroB3/No.287589, IHMS/HEALTH-F4-2010-261376, and MaCuMBA/No.311975); ERC Advanced Grant Award to C.B. (Diatomite: 294823); Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation grant (no. 3790) to M.B.S.; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation grant CGL2011-26848/BOS MicroOcean PANGENOMICS to S.G.A.; TANIT (CONES 2010-0036) from the Agència de Gestió d´Ajusts Universitaris i Reserca to S.G.A.; JSPS KAKENHI grant no. 26430184 to H.O.; NASA Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry program (NNX11AQ14G and NNX09AU43G) to E.B.; The Italian Research for the Sea (Flagship Project RITMARE) to D.I.; and FWO, BIO5, and Biosphere 2 to M.B.S.We also appreciate the support and commitment of Agnès b. and Etienne Bourgois, the Veolia Environment Foundation, Region Bretagne, Lorient Agglomeration, World Courier, Illumina, the EDF Foundation, FRB, the Prince Albert II de Monaco Foundation, and the Tara schooner and its captains and crew. We thank MERCATOR-CORIOLIS and ACRI-ST for providing daily satellite data during the expedition. We are also grateful to the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs for supporting the expedition and to the countries that graciously granted sampling permissions. Tara Oceans would not exist without continuous support from 23 institutes (http://oceans.taraexpeditions.org)
Published: 2015

24. Ocean plankton. Environmental characteristics of Agulhas rings affect interocean plankton transport

Author: Emilie, Villar, Gregory K, Farrant, Michael, Follows, Laurence, Garczarek, Sabrina, Speich, Stéphane, Audic, Lucie, Bittner, Bruno, Blanke, Jennifer R, Brum, Christophe, Brunet, Raffaella, Casotti, Alison, Chase, John R, Dolan, Fabrizio, d'Ortenzio, Jean-Pierre, Gattuso, Nicolas, Grima, Lionel, Guidi, Christopher N, Hill, Oliver, Jahn, Jean-Louis, Jamet, Hervé, Le Goff, Cyrille, Lepoivre, Shruti, Malviya, Eric, Pelletier, Jean-Baptiste, Romagnan, Simon, Roux, Sébastien, Santini, Eleonora, Scalco, Sarah M, Schwenck, Atsuko, Tanaka, Pierre, Testor, Thomas, Vannier, Flora, Vincent, Adriana, Zingone, Céline, Dimier, Marc, Picheral, Sarah, Searson, Stefanie, Kandels-Lewis, Silvia G, Acinas, Peer, Bork, Emmanuel, Boss, Colomban, de Vargas, Gabriel, Gorsky, Hiroyuki, Ogata, Stéphane, Pesant, Matthew B, Sullivan, Shinichi, Sunagawa, Patrick, Wincker, Eric, Karsenti, Chris, Bowler, Fabrice, Not, Pascal, Hingamp, and Raes, Jeroen
Subjects: Nitrogen, fungi, Genetic Variation, Seawater, Metagenomics, Selection, Genetic, Plankton, Atlantic Ocean, DNA, Ribosomal, Indian Ocean, Nitrites
Abstract: Agulhas rings provide the principal route for ocean waters to circulate from the Indo-Pacific to the Atlantic basin. Their influence on global ocean circulation is well known, but their role in plankton transport is largely unexplored. We show that, although the coarse taxonomic structure of plankton communities is continuous across the Agulhas choke point, South Atlantic plankton diversity is altered compared with Indian Ocean source populations. Modeling and in situ sampling of a young Agulhas ring indicate that strong vertical mixing drives complex nitrogen cycling, shaping community metabolism and biogeochemical signatures as the ring and associated plankton transit westward. The peculiar local environment inside Agulhas rings may provide a selective mechanism contributing to the limited dispersal of Indian Ocean plankton populations into the Atlantic. ispartof: Science vol:348 issue:6237 ispartof: location:United States status: published
Published: 2015

25. Determinants of community structure in the global plankton interactome

Author: Colomban de Vargas, Stéphane Audic, Isabel Ferrera, Gabriel Gorsky, Jean Weissenbach, Guillem Salazar, Johan Decelle, Pablo Sánchez, Marta Royo-Llonch, Patrick Wincker, Francesco d'Ovidio, Jun Wang, Léo Berline, Ana María Cabello, Tara Oceans Coordinators, Marie-José Garet-Delmas, Simon Roux, Silvia G. Acinas, J. Cesar Ignacio-Espinosa, Peer Bork, Fabrice Not, Fabrizio Carcillo, Lars Stemmann, Hiroyuki Ogata, Marc Picheral, Chris Bowler, Céline Dimier, Nicolas Henry, Luc De Meester, Youssef Darzi, Eric Karsenti, Elena Lara, Shinichi Sunagawa, Francisco M. Cornejo-Castillo, Sébastien Colin, Stephane Pesant, Sabrina Speich, Karoline Faust, Marta Sebastián, Samuel Chaffron, Lionel Guidi, Caroline Souffreau, Jeroen Raes, Laurent Coppola, Sarah Searson, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Gipsi Lima-Mendez, Flora Vincent, Lucie Bittner, Gianluca Bontempi, Matthew B. Sullivan, Evolution des Protistes et Ecosystèmes Pélagiques (EPEP), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (ADMM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Rega Institute - VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Bioinformatics and (eco-)systems Biology Laboratory, Louvain, Belgique, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Processus de couplage à Petite Echelle, Ecosystèmes et Prédateurs Supérieurs (PEPS), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Marine Biology and Oceanography [Barcelone], Institute of Marine Sciences / Institut de Ciències del Mar [Barcelona] (ICM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Pangea, Instituto de Fisica [Mexico] (UASLP), Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi [México] (UASLP), Universidad de Granada = University of Granada (UGR), European Molecular Biology Laboratory [Heidelberg] (EMBL), Diversité et Interactions au sein du Plancton Océanique (DIPO), Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Laboratoire de physique des océans (LPO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut de Génomique d'Evry (IG), Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), UCL - SST/LIBST - Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Department of Marine Biology and Oceanography, Universidad de Granada (UGR), Kyoto University [Kyoto], Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, and Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS)
Subjects: Abiotic component, Biotic component, Multidisciplinary, Primary producers, Ecology, fungi, Community structure, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 15. Life on land, Biology, Plankton, Interactome, Food chain, 13. Climate action, Abundance (ecology), 14. Life underwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Lima-Mendez, Gipsi ... et. al.-- 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, supplementary materials www.sciencemag.org/content/348/6237/1262073/suppl/DC1, Species interaction networks are shaped by abiotic and biotic factors. Here, as part of the Tara Oceans project, we studied the photic zone interactome using environmental factors and organismal abundance profiles and found that environmental factors are incomplete predictors of community structure. We found associations across plankton functional types and phylogenetic groups to be nonrandomly distributed on the network and driven by both local and global patterns. We identified interactions among grazers, primary producers, viruses, and (mainly parasitic) symbionts and validated networkgenerated hypotheses using microscopy to confirm symbiotic relationships. We have thus provided a resource to support further research on ocean food webs and integrating biological components into ocean models. © 2015, American Association for the Advancement of Science. All rights reserved, We thank the commitment of the following people and sponsors:Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) (in particular, Groupement de Recherche GDR3280), European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genoscope/CEA, VIB, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, UNIMIB, Fund for Scientific Research – Flanders (G.L.M., K.F., S.C., and J.R.), Rega Institute (J.R.), KU Leuven(J.R.), The French Ministry of Research, the French Government “Investissements d’Avenir” programmes OCEANOMICS (ANR-11-BTBR-0008), FRANCE GENOMIQUE (ANR-10-INBS-09-08), MEMO LIFE (ANR-10-LABX-54), PSL* Research University (ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02), ANR (projects POSEIDON/ANR-09-BLAN-0348, PHYTBACK/ANR-2010-1709-01, PROMETHEUS/ANR-09-PCSGENM- 217, TARA GIRUS/ANR-09-PCS-GENM-218, European Union FP7 (MicroB3/No.287589, IHMS/HEALTH-F4-2010-261376, ERC Advanced Grant Awards to CB (Diatomite: 294823), Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation grant (3790) to M.B.S., Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation grant CGL2011-26848/BOS MicroOcean PANGENOMICS to S.G.A., TANIT (CONES 2010-0036) from the Agència de Gestió d´Ajusts Universitaris i Reserca funded to S.G.A., JSPS KAKENHI grant number 26430184 to H.O., FWO, BIO5, Biosphere 2, Agnès b., the Veolia Environment Foundation, Region Bretagne, Lorient Agglomeration, World Courier, Illumina, the EDF Foundation, FRB, the Prince Albert II de Monaco Foundation, Etienne Bourgois, the Tara schooner, and its captain and crew. We are also grateful to the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs for supporting the expedition and to the countries that graciously granted sampling permissions. Tara Oceans would not exist without continuous support from 23 institutes (http://oceans.taraexpeditions.org)
Published: 2015

26. Eukaryotic plankton diversity in the sunlit ocean

Author: Jean-Marc Aury, Daniele Iudicone, Hiroyuki Ogata, Stéphane Audic, Frédéric Mahé, Fabrice Not, Johan Decelle, Gabriel Gorsky, Silvia G. Acinas, Pascal Hingamp, Sarah Romac, Noan Le Bescot, Matthieu Mulot, Sébastien Colin, Eleonora Scalco, Michael E. Sieracki, Marc Picheral, Tara Oceans Coordinators, Nicolas Henry, Stephane Pesant, Micah Dunthorn, Adriana Zingone, Sabrina Speich, Margaux Carmichael, Chris Bowler, Sarah Searson, Céline Dimier, Jeroen Raes, Gipsi Lima-Mendez, Shruti Malviya, Aleš Horák, Eric Karsenti, Ramiro Logares, Olga Flegontova, Julius Lukeš, Shinichi Sunagawa, Flora Vincent, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Enrique Lara, Raphael Morard, Stefan Engelen, Peer Bork, Patrick Wincker, Colomban de Vargas, Raffaele Siano, Ian Probert, Jean Weissenbach, Lars Stemmann, Cédric Berney, Samuel Chaffron, Olivier Jaillon, Lionel Guidi, Julie Poulain, Lucie Bittner, Nigel Grimsley, Diversité et Interactions au sein du Plancton Océanique (DIPO), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Evolution des Protistes et Ecosystèmes Pélagiques (EPEP), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of ecology, Universität Kaiserslautern, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Lausanne] (SIB), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Immunobiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Infections Parasitaires, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IFR113-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa] (UHM), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Observatoire océanologique de Villefranche-sur-mer (OOVM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Informatics [Brno] (FI / MUNI), Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Pélagique (PELAGOS), Dynamiques des Écosystèmes Côtiers (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Département Electronique, Optronique et Signal (DEOS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn (SZN), European Molecular Biology Laboratory [Heidelberg] (EMBL), European Molecular Biology Laboratory [Grenoble] (EMBL), Biologie intégrative des organismes marins (BIOM), Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Information génomique et structurale (IGS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kyoto University, Rega Institute - VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Bioinformatics and (eco-)systems Biology Laboratory, Louvain, Belgique, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Laboratoire de physique des océans (LPO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (ADMM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Technische Universität Kaiserslautern (TU Kaiserslautern), Institute of Marine Sciences / Institut de Ciències del Mar [Barcelona] (ICM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Laboratory of Soil Biodiversity, Université de Neuchâtel (UNINE), CNRS [GDR3280], EMBL, Agency for Administration of University and Research Grants (AGAUR) [CONES 2010-0036], Veolia Environment Foundation, EBI [PRJEB402, PRJEB6610], Genoscope/CEA, Lorient Agglomeration, Illumina, UNIMIB, Electricite de France Foundation, Fondation pour la Recherche sur la Biodiversite, Tara schooner, Fund for Scientific Research - The French Ministry of Research, French Government [ANR-11-BTBR-0008, ANR-10-INBS-09-08, ANR-10-LABX-54], French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, UPMC, European Research Council [294823], VIB, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Rega Institute, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [26430184], KU Leuven, PSL* Research University [ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02], World Courier, ANR [POSEIDON/ANR-09-BLAN-0348, PROMETHEUS/ANR-09-PCS-GENM-217, PHYTBACK/ANR-2010-1709-01, TARA-GIRUS/ANR-09-PCS-GENM-218], EU FP7 [287589, IHMS/HEALTH-F4-2010-261376], Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [3790], Prince Albert II de Monaco Foundation, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [CGL2011-26848/BOS], Diversité et Interactions au sein du Plancton Océanique ( DIPO ), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin ( ADMM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] ( GENOSCOPE ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), Evolution des Protistes et Ecosystèmes Pélagiques ( EPEP ), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) ( IBENS ), École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Génomique métabolique ( UMR 8030 ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne ( UEVE ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Institute of Molecular Biology and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zürich [Zürich] ( UZH ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -IFR113-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), University of Hawaii at Manoa ( UHM ), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche ( LOV ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Faculty of Informatics [Masaryk], Masaryk University, Institut de Génomique, Genoscope, Centre National de Séquençage, MARUM, Universität Bremen Postfach, Dynamiques de l'Environnement Côtier ( DYNECO ), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer ( IFREMER ), Département Electronique, Optronique et Signal ( DEOS ), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace ( ISAE-SUPAERO ), Stazione Zoologica Napoli, European Molecular Biology Laboratory [Heidelberg] ( EMBL ), European Molecular Biology Laboratory ( EMBL ), Biologie intégrative des organismes marins ( BIOM ), Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls ( OOB ), Information génomique et structurale ( IGS ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Kyoto University [Kyoto], Université Catholique de Louvain ( UCL ), Laboratoire de physique des océans ( LPO ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer ( IFREMER ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) ( LEMAR ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer ( IFREMER ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer ( IUEM ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Université de Brest ( UBO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Technische Universität Kaiserskautern, Institute of Marine Sciences / Institut de Ciències del Mar [Barcelona] ( ICM ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), UCL - SST/LIBST - Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamiques de l'Environnement Côtier (DYNECO), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Multidisciplinary, biology, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Ecology, Range (biology), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], fungi, Rhizaria, Biodiversity, 15. Life on land, Ribosomal RNA, Plankton, biology.organism_classification, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, Phylogenetics, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, natural sciences, 14. Life underwater, Taxonomic rank, Ribosomal DNA
Abstract: Vargas, Colomban de ... et. al.-- 11 pages, 7 figures, supplementary materials www.sciencemag.org/content/348/6237/1261605/suppl/DC1, Marine plankton support global biological and geochemical processes. Surveys of their biodiversity have hitherto been geographically restricted and have not accounted for the full range of plankton size. We assessed eukaryotic diversity from 334 size-fractionated photic-zone plankton communities collected across tropical and temperate oceans during the circumglobal Tara Oceans expedition. We analyzed 18S ribosomal DNA sequences across the intermediate plankton-size spectrum from the smallest unicellular eukaryotes (protists, >0.8 micrometers) to small animals of a few millimeters. Eukaryotic ribosomal diversity saturated at ∼150,000 operational taxonomic units, about one-third of which could not be assigned to known eukaryotic groups. Diversity emerged at all taxonomic levels, both within the groups comprising the ∼11,200 cataloged morphospecies of eukaryotic plankton and among twice as many other deep-branching lineages of unappreciated importance in plankton ecology studies. Most eukaryotic plankton biodiversity belonged to heterotrophic protistan groups, particularly those known to be parasites or symbiotic hosts. © 2015, American Association for the Advancement of Science. All rights reserved, We thank the following people and sponsors for their commitment: CNRS (in particular, the GDR3280); EMBL; Genoscope/CEA; UPMC; VIB; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn; UNIMIB; Rega Institute; KU Leuven; Fund for Scientific Research – The French Ministry of Research, the French Government “Investissements d’Avenir” programmes OCEANOMICS (ANR-11-BTBR-0008), FRANCE GENOMIQUE (ANR-10-INBS-09-08), and MEMO LIFE (ANR-10-LABX-54); PSL* Research University (ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02); ANR (projects POSEIDON/ANR-09-BLAN-0348, PROMETHEUS/ANR-09-PCSGENM-217, PHYTBACK/ANR-2010-1709-01, and TARA-GIRUS/ANR-09-PCS-GENM-218); EU FP7 (MicroB3/No.287589, IHMS/HEALTH-F4-2010-261376); European Research Council Advanced Grant Awards to C. Bowler (Diatomite:294823); Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation grant 3790 to M.B.S.; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation grant CGL2011-26848/BOS MicroOcean PANGENOMICS and TANIT (CONES 2010-0036) grant from the Agency for Administration of University and Research Grants (AGAUR) to S.G.A.; and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI grant 26430184 to H.O. We also thank the following for their support and commitment: A. Bourgois, E. Bourgois, R. Troublé, Région Bretagne, G. Ricono, the Veolia Environment Foundation, Lorient Agglomération, World Courier, Illumina, the Electricité de France Foundation, Fondation pour la Recherche sur la Biodiversité, the Prince Albert II de Monaco Foundation, and the Tara schooner and its captains and crew. We thank MERCATORCORIOLIS and ACRI-ST for providing daily satellite data during the expedition. We are also grateful to the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs for supporting the expedition and to the countries who granted sampling permissions. Tara Oceans would not exist without continuous support from 23 institutes (http://oceans.taraexpeditions.org)
Published: 2015

27. INCENP binds the Aurora-related kinase AIRK2 and is required to target it to chromosomes, the central spindle and cleavage furrow

Author: Dietlind L. Gerloff, A.M. Gouldsworthy, S.P. Wheatleya, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Mar Carmena, William C. Earnshaw, Carl Smythe, and Richard R. Adams
Subjects: Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone, Centromere, Molecular Sequence Data, Aurora B kinase, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Aurora Kinases, Chromosomes, Human, Humans, Cleavage furrow, Amino Acid Sequence, Central spindle, Mitosis, 030304 developmental biology, Anaphase, 0303 health sciences, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all), Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all), INCENP, Cell biology, Cytoskeletal Proteins, Chromosome passenger complex, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Aurora Kinase C, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, HeLa Cells, Protein Binding
Abstract: Cytoskeletal rearrangements during mitosis must be co-ordinated with chromosome movements. The ‘chromosomal passenger’ proteins [1], which include the inner centromere protein (INCENP [2]), the Aurora-related serine-threonine protein kinase AIRK2 [3,4] and the unidentified human autoantigen TD-60 [5], have been suggested to integrate mitotic events. These proteins are chromosomal until metaphase but subsequently transfer to the midzone microtubule array and the equatorial cortex during anaphase. Disruption of INCENP function affects both chromosome segregation and completion of cytokinesis [6,7], whereas interference with AIRK2 function primarily affects cytokinesis [3,8]. Here, we report that INCENP is stockpiled in Xenopus eggs in a complex with Xenopus AIRK2 (XAIRK2), and that INCENP and AIRK2 kinase bind one another in vitro. This association was found to be evolutionarily conserved. Sli15p, the binding partner of yeast Aurora kinase Ipl1p, can be recognized as an INCENP family member because of the presence of a conserved carboxy-terminal sequence region, which we term the IN box. This interaction between INCENP and Aurora kinase was found to be biologically relevant. INCENP and AIRK2 colocalized exactly in human cells, and INCENP was required to target AIRK2 correctly to centromeres and the central spindle.
Published: 2000

28. Sm and Sm-like proteins assemble in two related complexes of deep evolutionary origin

Author: Josefa Salgado‐Garrido, Bertrand Séraphin, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, and Elisabeth Bragado-Nilsson
Subjects: Databases, Factual, Protein family, RNase P, Archaeal Proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Plasma protein binding, Biology, Transfection, Autoantigens, Ribonuclease P, snRNP Core Proteins, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Cell Line, Conserved sequence, Evolution, Molecular, Fungal Proteins, Mice, RNA, Small Nuclear, Endoribonucleases, Animals, Humans, RNA, Catalytic, Cloning, Molecular, Molecular Biology, Conserved Sequence, Phylogeny, Genetics, Fungal protein, Genes, Essential, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, General Immunology and Microbiology, SnRNP Core Proteins, General Neuroscience, RNA, Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear, Precipitin Tests, Biochemistry, Mutation, Genome, Fungal, Small nuclear RNA, Research Article, Protein Binding
Abstract: A group of seven Sm proteins forms a complex that binds to several RNAs in metazoans. All Sm proteins contain a sequence signature, the Sm domain, also found in two yeast Sm-like proteins associated with the U6 snRNA. We have performed database searches revealing the presence of 16 proteins carrying an Sm domain in the yeast genome. Analysis of this protein family confirmed that seven of its members, encoded by essential genes, are homologues of metazoan Sm proteins. Immunoprecipitation revealed that an evolutionarily related subgroup of seven Sm-like proteins is directly associated with the nuclear U6 and pre-RNase P RNAs. The corresponding genes are essential or required for normal vegetative growth. These proteins appear functionally important to stabilize U6 snRNA. The two last yeast Sm-like proteins were not found associated with RNA, and neither was essential for vegetative growth. To investigate whether U6-associated Sm-like protein function is widespread, we cloned several cDNAs encoding homologous human proteins. Two representative human proteins were shown to associate with U6 snRNA-containing complexes. We also identified archaeal proteins related to Sm and Sm-like proteins. Our results demonstrate that Sm and Sm-like proteins assemble in at least two functionally conserved complexes of deep evolutionary origin.
Published: 1999

29. INCENP Centromere and Spindle Targeting: Identification of Essential Conserved Motifs and Involvement of Heterochromatin Protein HP1

Author: Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Alexandra M. Ainsztein, Alastair M. Mackay, and William C. Earnshaw
Subjects: INCENP, Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone, Macromolecular Substances, Swine, Heterochromatin, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Centromere, Aurora B kinase, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Spindle Apparatus, Biology, Kidney, Transfection, Cell Line, Evolution, Molecular, Structure-Activity Relationship, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Animals, Humans, Telophase, 030304 developmental biology, Anaphase, mitosis, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, HP1, Biological Transport, Cell Biology, centromeres, Peptide Fragments, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Spindle apparatus, Cell biology, Chromobox Protein Homolog 5, Chromosome passenger complex, Mutagenesis, Site-Directed, Heterochromatin protein 1, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, HeLa Cells, Protein Binding, Regular Articles
Abstract: The inner centromere protein (INCENP) has a modular organization, with domains required for chromosomal and cytoskeletal functions concentrated near the amino and carboxyl termini, respectively. In this study we have identified an autonomous centromere- and midbody-targeting module in the amino-terminal 68 amino acids of INCENP. Within this module, we have identified two evolutionarily conserved amino acid sequence motifs: a 13–amino acid motif that is required for targeting to centromeres and transfer to the spindle, and an 11–amino acid motif that is required for transfer to the spindle by molecules that have targeted previously to the centromere. To begin to understand the mechanisms of INCENP function in mitosis, we have performed a yeast two-hybrid screen for interacting proteins. These and subsequent in vitro binding experiments identify a physical interaction between INCENP and heterochromatin protein HP1Hsα. Surprisingly, this interaction does not appear to be involved in targeting INCENP to the centromeric heterochromatin, but may instead have a role in its transfer from the chromosomes to the anaphase spindle.
Published: 1998

30. Exploring nucleo-cytoplasmic large DNA viruses in Tara Oceans microbial metagenomes

Author: Hervé Moreau, Isabel Ferrera, Hugo Sarmento, Emilie Villar, Camille Clerissi, Nigel Grimsley, Julie Poulain, Jean-Michel Claverie, Silvia G. Acinas, Patrick Wincker, Karoline Faust, Stephane Pesant, Pascal Hingamp, Colomban de Vargas, Fabrice Not, Jeroen Raes, Eric Karsenti, Lucie Subirana, Peer Bork, Hiroyuki Ogata, Shinichi Sunagawa, Olivier Jaillon, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Gipsi Lima-Mendez, Yves Desdevises, Information génomique et structurale (IGS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie intégrative des organismes marins (BIOM), Observatoire océanologique de Banyuls (OOB), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Marine Biology and Oceanography, Institute of Marine Sciences / Institut de Ciències del Mar [Barcelona] (ICM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institut de Génomique d'Evry (IG), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Department of Structural Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Department of Applied Biological Sciences (DBIT), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Dept Biol Struct, Res Grp Bioinformat & Eco Syst Biol, VIB, Dept Appl Biol Sci, Microbiol Unit, Evolution des Protistes et Ecosystèmes Pélagiques (EPEP), Adaptation et diversité en milieu marin (AD2M), Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff [Roscoff] (SBR), European Molecular Biology Laboratory [Heidelberg] (EMBL), Diversité et Interactions au sein du Plancton Océanique (DIPO), Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, Education academy of computational life sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology [Tokyo] (TITECH), CNRS, EMBL, [PROMETHEUS/ANR-09GENM-031], [TARA-GIRUS/ANR-09-PCS-GENM-218], Genoscope/CEA, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, UNIMIB, ANR, [POSEIDON/ANR-09-BLAN-0348], [BIOMARKS/ANR-08-BDVA-003], Department of Marine Biology and Oceanography [Barcelone], Université Paris-Saclay-Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), UCL - SST/LIBST - Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, and Department of Bio-engineering Sciences
Subjects: Cytoplasm, Genes, Viral, eukaryotic viruses, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Marine bacteriophage, Megaviridae, Phycodnaviridae, Indian Ocean, Phylogeny, 0303 health sciences, eukaryotic viruses, marine NCLDVs, taxon co-occurr, biology, Ecology, Eukaryota, taxon co-occurrence, Biodiversity, Oomycetes, Horizontal gene transfer, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Original Article, marine NCLDVs, Marine NCLDVs, Gene Transfer, Horizontal, Evolution, Oceans and Seas, Genome, Viral, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Microbial ecology, Behavior and Systematics, Phylogenetics, Animals, 14. Life underwater, Taxon co-occurrence, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, Cell Nucleus, Population Density, 030306 microbiology, fungi, DNA Viruses, Prokaryote, Eukaryotic viruses, biology.organism_classification, oomycetes, Prokaryotic Cells, 13. Climate action, Metagenomics, Metagenome, Software_PROGRAMMINGLANGUAGES
Abstract: Pascal Hingamp ... et al. -- 18 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, Nucleo-cytoplasmic large DNA viruses (NCLDVs) constitute a group of eukaryotic viruses that can have crucial ecological roles in the sea by accelerating the turnover of their unicellular hosts or by causing diseases in animals. To better characterize the diversity, abundance and biogeography of marine NCLDVs, we analyzed 17 metagenomes derived from microbial samples (0.2–1.6 μm size range) collected during the Tara Oceans Expedition. The sample set includes ecosystems under-represented in previous studies, such as the Arabian Sea oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) and Indian Ocean lagoons. By combining computationally derived relative abundance and direct prokaryote cell counts, the abundance of NCLDVs was found to be in the order of 104–105 genomes ml−1 for the samples from the photic zone and 102–103 genomes ml−1 for the OMZ. The Megaviridae and Phycodnaviridae dominated the NCLDV populations in the metagenomes, although most of the reads classified in these families showed large divergence from known viral genomes. Our taxon co-occurrence analysis revealed a potential association between viruses of the Megaviridae family and eukaryotes related to oomycetes. In support of this predicted association, we identified six cases of lateral gene transfer between Megaviridae and oomycetes. Our results suggest that marine NCLDVs probably outnumber eukaryotic organisms in the photic layer (per given water mass) and that metagenomic sequence analyses promise to shed new light on the biodiversity of marine viruses and their interactions with potential hosts, We thank the coordinators and members of the Tara Oceans consortium (http://www.embl.de/tara-oceans/start/) for organizing sampling and data analysis. We thank the commitment of the following people and sponsors who made this singular expedition possible: CNRS, EMBL, Genoscope/CEA, VIB, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, UNIMIB, ANR (projects POSEIDON/ANR-09-BLAN-0348, BIOMARKS/ANR-08-BDVA-003, PROMETHEUS/ANR-09-GENM-031, and TARA-GIRUS/ANR-09-PCS-GENM-218), EU FP7 (MicroB3/No.287589), FWO, BIO5, Biosphere 2, agne`s b., the Veolia Environment Foundation, Region Bretagne, World Courier, Illumina, Cap L’Orient, the EDF Foundation EDF Diversiterre, FRB, the Prince Albert II de Monaco Foundation, Etienne Bourgois, the Tara schooner and its captain and crew. CC benefited from a doctoral fellowship from the AXA Research Fund. Tara Oceans would not exist without the continuous support of the participating 23 institutes (see http://oceans.taraexpeditions.org). This article is contribution number 0003 of the Tara Oceans Expedition 2009–2012
Published: 2013

31. Metagenomic 16S rDNA Illumina tags are a powerful alternative to amplicon sequencing to explore diversity and structure of microbial communities : Usingmitags to explore microbial communities

Author: Guillem Salazar, Patrick Wincker, Jeroen Raes, Shinichi Sunagawa, Ramiro Logares, Francisco M. Cornejo-Castillo, Silvia G. Acinas, Pascal Hingamp, Eric Karsenti, Hiroyuki Ogata, Isabel Ferrera, Hugo Sarmento, Gipsi Lima-Mendez, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Julie Poulain, Colomban de Vargas, Peer Bork, Olivier Jaillon, and UCL - SST/LIBST - Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology
Subjects: Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, 030306 microbiology, Sequence analysis, Evolution, Beta diversity, Computational biology, Ribosomal RNA, Amplicon, Biology, 16S ribosomal RNA, Microbiology, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavior and Systematics, Metagenomics, law, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Polymerase chain reaction, Illumina dye sequencing, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: Summary Sequencing of 16S rDNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplicons is the most common approach for investigating environmental prokaryotic diversity, despite the known biases introduced during PCR. Here we show that 16S rDNA fragments derived from Illumina-sequenced environmental metagenomes (mitags) are a powerful alternative to 16S rDNA amplicons for investigating the taxonomic diversity and structure of prokaryotic communities. As part of the Tara Oceans global expedition, marine plankton was sampled in three locations, resulting in 29 subsamples for which metagenomes were produced by shotgun Illumina sequencing (ca. 700 Gb). For comparative analyses, a subset of samples was also selected for Roche-454 sequencing using both shotgun (m454tags; 13 metagenomes, ca. 2.4 Gb) and 16S rDNA amplicon (454tags; ca. 0.075 Gb) approaches. Our results indicate that by overcoming PCR biases related to amplification and primer mismatch, mitags may provide more realistic estimates of community richness and evenness than amplicon 454tags. In addition, mitags can capture expected beta diversity patterns. Using mitags is now economically feasible given the dramatic reduction in high-throughput sequencing costs, having the advantage of retrieving simultaneously both taxonomic (Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya) and functional information from the same microbial community.
Published: 2013

32. A family of Ran binding proteins that includes nucleoporins

Author: Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Bertrand Séraphin, and Colin Dingwall
Subjects: Molecular Sequence Data, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Importin, Biology, Fungal Proteins, Mice, GTP-binding protein regulators, GTP-Binding Proteins, Animals, Humans, Amino Acid Sequence, Cloning, Molecular, Nuclear protein, Nuclear pore, Genetics, Fungal protein, Multidisciplinary, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Membrane Proteins, Nuclear Proteins, RNA-Binding Proteins, Cell biology, ran GTP-Binding Protein, Membrane protein, Ran, Nucleoporin, Carrier Proteins, Research Article
Abstract: Ran, a small nuclear GTP binding protein, is essential for the translocation of nuclear proteins through the nuclear pore complex. We show that several proteins, including the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nup2p and Caenorhabditis elegans F59A2.1 nucleoporins, contain domains similar to the previously characterized murine Ran binding protein (RBP, termed RBP1). To test the significance of this similarity, we have used the corresponding domains of Nup2p and a putative S. cerevisiae RBP in Ran binding assays and the yeast two-hybrid system. Both proteins bind S. cerevisiae Ran, but only the putative S. cerevisiae RBP binds human Ran. Two-hybrid analysis revealed Ran-Ran interactions and that yeast and human Rans can interact. These data identify Nup2p as a target for Ran in the nuclear pore complex, suggesting a direct role for it in nuclear-cytoplasmic transport. We discuss the possibility that proteins harboring Ran binding domains link the Ran GTPase cycle to specific functions in the nucleus.
Published: 1995

33. Involvement of U6 snRNA in 5′ Splice Site Selection

Author: Stefanie Kandels-Lewis and Bertrand Séraphin
Subjects: Genetics, Multidisciplinary, Splice site mutation, urogenital system, Base pair, genetic processes, information science, Intron, Prp24, Biology, environment and public health, Conserved sequence, RNA splicing, health occupations, snRNP, Small nuclear RNA
Abstract: Two models describing the interaction between U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) and the 5' splice site of introns have been proposed on the basis of cross-linking experiments. Here it is shown that a conserved sequence present in U6 snRNA forms base pairs with conserved nucleotides at the 5' splice junction and that this interaction is involved in 5' splice site choice. These results demonstrate a specific function for U6 snRNA in splicing and suggest that U6 snRNA has a proofreading role during splice site selection. A model is presented in which this new interaction, in concert with previously described interactions between U6 snRNA, U2 snRNA, and the pre-messenger RNA, would position the branch point near the 5' splice site for the catalysis of the first splicing step.
Published: 1993

34. A kinesin-like motor inhibits microtubule dynamic instability

Author: Annina Spilker, Thomas Surrey, Henrik Bringmann, Isabelle Vernos, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, and Georgios Skiniotis
Subjects: Paclitaxel, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Adenylyl Imidodiphosphate, Kinesin 13, Biology, Xenopus Proteins, Microtubules, Chromosomes, Xenopus laevis, Adenosine Triphosphate, Microtubule, Tubulin, Molecular motor, Animals, Kinesin 8, Microtubule nucleation, Adenosine Triphosphatases, Centrosome, Multidisciplinary, Molecular Motor Proteins, Cryoelectron Microscopy, Microtubule organizing center, Cell biology, Spindle apparatus, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Kinetics, Kinesin, Dimerization, Microtubule-Associated Proteins, Protein Binding
Abstract: The motility of molecular motors and the dynamic instability of microtubules are key dynamic processes for mitotic spindle assembly and function. We report here that one of the mitotic kinesins that localizes to chromosomes, Xklp1 from Xenopus laevis , could inhibit microtubule growth and shrinkage. This effect appeared to be mediated by a structural change in the microtubule lattice. We also found that Xklp1 could act as a fast, nonprocessive, plus end–directed molecular motor. The integration of the two properties, motility and inhibition of microtubule dynamics, in one molecule emphasizes the versatile properties of kinesin family members.
Published: 2004

35. Proteomic analysis of human metaphase chromosomes reveals Topoisomerase II alpha as an Aurora B substrate

Author: Ciaran G. Morrison, Ole N. Jensen, Neil Osheroff, Alexander J. Henzing, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Richard R. Adams, William C. Earnshaw, and Helen Dodson
Subjects: Proteomics, Aurora B kinase, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, histone h3 phosphorylation, central spindle, macromolecular substances, Biology, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, desorption/ionization mass-spectrometry, perichromosomal region, phase-specific phosphorylation, mitotic chromosomes, protein identification, Aurora Kinases, Antigens, Neoplasm, GTP-Binding Proteins, Genetics, Aurora Kinase B, Chromosomes, Human, Humans, centromere proteins, Nuclear protein, Mitosis, Metaphase, DNA topoisomerase, INCENP, Chromosome, Nuclear Proteins, Articles, Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases, Molecular biology, Cell biology, Establishment of sister chromatid cohesion, DNA-Binding Proteins, DNA Topoisomerases, Type II, cell-cycle, Hela Cells, Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization, DNA Topoisomerases, Type II, Eukaryotic, HeLa Cells
Abstract: Udgivelsesdato: 2002-Dec-1 The essential Aurora B kinase is a chromosomal passenger protein that is required for mitotic chromosome alignment and segregation. Aurora B function is dependent on the chromosome passenger, INCENP. INCENP, in turn, requires sister chromatid cohesion for its appropriate behaviour. Relatively few substrates have been identified for Aurora B, so that the precise role it plays in controlling mitosis remains to be elucidated. To identify potential novel mitotic substrates of Aurora B, extracted chromosomes were prepared from mitotically-arrested HeLa S3 cells and incubated with recombinant human Aurora B in the presence of radioactive ATP. Immunoblot analysis confirmed the HeLa scaffold fraction to be enriched for known chromosomal proteins including CENP-A, CENP-B, CENP-C, ScII and INCENP. Mass spectrometry of bands excised from one-dimensional polyacrylamide gels further defined the protein composition of the extracted chromosome fraction. Cloning, fluorescent tagging and expression in HeLa cells of the putative GTP-binding protein NGB/CRFG demonstrated it to be a novel mitotic chromosome protein, with a perichromosomal localisation. Identi fication of the protein bands corresponding to those phosphorylated by Aurora B revealed topoisomerase II alpha (topo IIalpha) as a potential Aurora B substrate. Purified recombinant human topo IIalpha was phosphorylated by Aurora B in vitro, confirming this proteomic approach as a valid method for the initial definition of candidate substrates of key mitotic kinases.
Published: 2002

36. Discrete States of a Protein Interaction Network Govern Interphase and Mitotic Microtubule Dynamics

Author: Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Philipp Niethammer, Sonja Rybina, Philippe I. H. Bastiaens, Iva Kronja, and Eric Karsenti
Subjects: QH301-705.5, Microtubule-associated protein, Xenopus, Mitosis, Biology, Microtubules, Biochemistry, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Xenopus laevis, Microtubule, Protein Interaction Mapping, Animals, Immunoprecipitation, Biology (General), Interphase, Metaphase, General Immunology and Microbiology, General Neuroscience, Computational Biology, Cell Biology, Spindle apparatus, Cell biology, Tubulin, biology.protein, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Microtubule-Associated Proteins, G1 phase, Research Article
Abstract: The cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells is thought to adopt discrete “states” corresponding to different steady states of protein networks that govern changes in subcellular organization. For example, in Xenopus eggs, the interphase to mitosis transition is induced solely by activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) that phosphorylates many proteins leading to a reorganization of the nucleus and assembly of the mitotic spindle. Among these changes, the large array of stable microtubules that exists in interphase is replaced by short, highly dynamic microtubules in metaphase. Using a new visual immunoprecipitation assay that quantifies pairwise protein interactions in a non-perturbing manner in Xenopus egg extracts, we reveal the existence of a network of interactions between a series of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). In interphase, tubulin interacts with XMAP215, which is itself interacting with XKCM1, which connects to APC, EB1, and CLIP170. In mitosis, tubulin interacts with XMAP215, which is connected to EB1. We show that in interphase, microtubules are stable because the catastrophe-promoting activity of XKCM1 is inhibited by its interactions with the other MAPs. In mitosis, microtubules are short and dynamic because XKCM1 is free and has a strong destabilizing activity. In this case, the interaction of XMAP215 with EB1 is required to counteract the strong activity of XKCM1. This provides the beginning of a biochemical description of the notion of “cytoplasmic states” regarding the microtubule system., Author Summary When eukaryotic cells undergo cell division, a dramatic reorganization occurs during the transition from interphase to metaphase. The cell rounds up, chromosomes condense, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and microtubules (proteins that help maintain the cell's shape) become very short and dynamic before assembly of the mitotic spindle (the structure that pulls chromosomes apart). Although it is known that the CDK1 kinase induces this reorganization, the precise mechanisms that regulate such coordinated changes are not yet understood. To investigate the regulation of microtubule dynamics, we applied a new method, called visual immunoprecipitation (VIP), that enables simultaneous visualization of multiple protein interactions in cell extracts. There are two known major regulators of microtubule dynamics: a stabilizer (XMAP215) and a destabilizer (XKCM1); a series of other molecules (EB1, APC, and CLIP 170) are also involved, although their roles in the global regulation of microtubule dynamic instability are not as clear. We show here that microtubules are stable during interphase because the destabilizer is inhibited by the other molecules. During mitosis, however, the destabilizer is released, triggering the alteration of microtubule structure and dynamics. Thus, microtubule dynamics change in response to a dramatic switch in the interactions of a set of proteins., Previously unknown interactions between different microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) are identified via a new technique, termed visual immunoprecipitation.
Published: 2007

37. An efficient PCR mutagenesis strategy without gel purification [correction of purificiation] step that is amenable to automation

Author: Bertrand Séraphin and Stefanie Kandels-Lewis
Subjects: business.industry, Inverse polymerase chain reaction, Reproducibility of Results, Mutagenesis (molecular biology technique), DNA, Computational biology, Biology, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Automation, Molecular biology, law.invention, Molecular Weight, chemistry.chemical_compound, Restriction enzyme, Template, chemistry, law, Mutagenesis, Site-Directed, Genetics, Site-directed mutagenesis, business, Polymerase chain reaction, DNA Primers, Research Article
Abstract: We describe here an improved megaprimer PCR mutagenesis strategy. The cumbersome gel purification step that is usually used can be omitted by appropriately cleaving the first and second DNA templates with restriction enzymes and enzymatically removing remaining primers from the first PCR reaction. We show that this improved procedure is reproducible and highly efficient. Furthermore this method is suitable for automation because all the steps are now carried out in reaction tubes.
Published: 1996

38. DNA topoisomerase IIα interacts with CAD nuclease and is involved in chromatin condensation during apoptotic execution

Author: William C. Earnshaw, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, John M. Fortune, Kumiko Samejima, F. Durrieu, and Neil Osheroff
Subjects: Apoptosis, DNA-binding protein, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Cell Line, Prophase, Antigens, Neoplasm, Animals, Humans, Topoisomerase II Inhibitors, Nuclear protein, Mitosis, Caspase, Deoxyribonucleases, Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all), biology, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all), Topoisomerase, Caspase Inhibitors, Molecular biology, Chromatin, DNA-Binding Proteins, Isoenzymes, DNA Topoisomerases, Type II, biology.protein, Topoisomerase-II Inhibitor, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Chickens, HeLa Cells, Protein Binding
Abstract: Apoptotic execution is characterized by dramatic changes in nuclear structure accompanied by cleavage of nuclear proteins by caspases (reviewed in [1]). Cell-free extracts have proved useful for the identification and functional characterization of activities involved in apoptotic execution [2-4] and for the identification of proteins cleaved by caspases [5]. More recent studies have suggested that nuclear disassembly is driven largely by factors activated downstream of caspases [6]. One such factor, the caspase-activated DNase, CAD/CPAN/DFF40 [4,7,8] (CAD) can induce apoptotic chromatin condensation in isolated HeLa cell nuclei in the absence of other cytosolic factors [6,8]. As chromatin condensation occurs even when CAD activity is inhibited, however, CAD cannot be the sole morphogenetic factor triggered by caspases [6]. Here we show that DNA topoisomerase IIalpha (Topo IIalpha), which is essential for both condensation and segregation of daughter chromosomes in mitosis [9], also functions during apoptotic execution. Simultaneous inhibition of Topo IIalpha and caspases completely abolishes apoptotic chromatin condensation. In addition, we show that CAD binds to Topo IIalpha, and that their association enhances the decatenation activity of Topo IIalpha in vitro.
Published: 2000

39. The Ocean Gene Atlas v2.0: online exploration of the biogeography and phylogeny of plankton genes

Author: Vernette, Caroline, Lecubin, Julien, Sánchez, Pablo, Tara Oceans Coordinators, Sunagawa, Shinichi, Delmont, Tom O., Acinas, Silvia G., Pelletier, Eric, Hingamp, Pascal, Lescot, Magali, Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Global Oceans Systems Ecology & Evolution - Tara Oceans (GOSEE), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord])-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL)-École Centrale de Nantes (Nantes Univ - ECN), Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Université australe du Chili, Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institute of Marine Sciences / Institut de Ciències del Mar [Barcelona] (ICM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), European Molecular Biology Laboratory [Heidelberg] (EMBL), Génomique métabolique (UMR 8030), Genoscope - Centre national de séquençage [Evry] (GENOSCOPE), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Tara Oceans Coordinators: Silvia G Acinas, Marcel Babin, Peer Bork, Emmanuel Boss, Chris Bowler, Guy Cochrane, Colomban de Vargas, Gabriel Gorsky, Lionel Guidi, Nigel Grimsley, Pascal Hingamp, Daniele Iudicone, Olivier Jaillon, Stefanie Kandels-Lewis, Lee Karp-Boss, Eric Karsenti, Fabrice Not, Hiroyuki Ogata, Nicole Poulton, Stéphane Pesant, Christian Sardet, Sabrina Speich, Lars Stemmann, Matthew B Sullivan, Shinichi Sunagawa, Patrick Wincker, ANR-19-CE45-0008,SeqDigger,Moteur de recherche de donne´es de se´quenc¸age en ge´nomique environnementale(2019), ANR-21-ESRE-0038,AO-EMBRC,Augmented Observatories of the National Marine Biological Resource Centre (EMBRC-France)(2021), Tara Oceans-GOSEE (FR2022), and LESCOT, Magali
Subjects: [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Genetics, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], [INFO.INFO-BI] Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM]
Abstract: 11 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables.-- Data availability: Ocean Gene Atlas 2.0 is freely available and can be accessed via the following link: https://tara-oceans.mio.osupytheas.fr/ocean-gene-atlas/. Source code is available at GitLab repository: https://gitlab.osupytheas.fr/ocean_atlas/oga. Shotgun sequences are available at the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA, https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena) under accession number PRJEB7988 (OM-RGCv1 and v2), PRJEB6609 (MATOU), PRJEB41575 (Tara Arctic metagenome co-assemblies) and PRJEB402 (EUK_SMAGs) (see Table 1). The predicted genes from the OM-RGC are available at ENA under the accession numbers ERZ094224 and ERZ096909 to ERZ097151, and the protein sequences are available at: ftp://ftp.genome.jp/pub/db/mgenes/Environmental/Tara.pep.gz. For OM-RGCv2, all data files can be found through BioStudies with the accession S-BSST297 and for the 530 Tara Arctic metagenome co-assemblies with S-BSST451. All MATOU, EUK_SMAGs, MGT and BAC_ARC_MAGs resources are available at http://www.genoscope.cns.fr/tara/. Registry of all the samples from the Tara Oceans Expedition (2009–2013) with environmental metadata are available at PANGAEA: https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.875582. For the Global Malaspina 2010 Expedition, all raw sequences are publicly available at both DOE's JGI Integrated Microbial Genomes and Microbiomes (IMG/MER) and the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA). Individual metagenome assemblies, annotation files, and alignment files can be accessed at IMG/MER. All accession numbers are listed at https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-021-02112–2#MOESM4 in Supplementary Data 1. The metagenomic data can be found through ENA with accession number PRJEB44456 and the co-assembly for the MAG dataset construction with accession number PRJEB40454, the nucleotide sequence for each MAG and their annotation files can be found through BioStudies with accession S-BSST457 and also in the companion publication website at: https://malaspina-public.gitlab.io/malaspina-deep-ocean-microbiome/. The user manual is available at https://tara-oceans.mio.osupytheas.fr/ocean-gene-atlas/build/pdf/Ocean-Gene-Atlas_User_Manual.pd, Testing hypothesis about the biogeography of genes using large data resources such as Tara Oceans marine metagenomes and metatranscriptomes requires significant hardware resources and programming skills. The new release of the ‘Ocean Gene Atlas’ (OGA2) is a freely available intuitive online service to mine large and complex marine environmental genomic databases. OGA2 datasets available have been extended and now include, from the Tara Oceans portfolio: (i) eukaryotic Metagenome-Assembled-Genomes (MAGs) and Single-cell Assembled Genomes (SAGs) (10.2E+6 coding genes), (ii) version 2 of Ocean Microbial Reference Gene Catalogue (46.8E+6 non-redundant genes), (iii) 924 MetaGenomic Transcriptomes (7E+6 unigenes), (iv) 530 MAGs from an Arctic MAG catalogue (1E+6 genes) and (v) 1888 Bacterial and Archaeal Genomes (4.5E+6 genes), and an additional dataset from the Malaspina 2010 global circumnavigation: (vi) 317 Malaspina Deep Metagenome Assembled Genomes (0.9E+6 genes). Novel analyses enabled by OGA2 include phylogenetic tree inference to visualize user queries within their context of sequence homologues from both the marine environmental dataset and the RefSeq database. An Application Programming Interface (API) now allows users to query OGA2 using command-line tools, hence providing local workflow integration. Finally, gene abundance can be interactively filtered directly on map displays using any of the available environmental variables. Ocean Gene Atlas v2.0 is freely-available at: https://tara-oceans.mio.osupytheas.fr/ocean-gene-atlas/, French Government ‘Investissements d'Avenir’ programmes OCEANOMICS [ANR-11-BTBR-0008]; FRANCE GENOMIQUE [ANR-10-INBS-09-08]; Institut Français de Bioinformatique (IFB) [ANR-11-INBS-0013]; SeqDigger [ANR-19-CE45-0008]; AO-EMBRC [ANR-21-ESRE-0038]. Funding for open access charge: ANR [ANR-19-CE45-0008], With the institutional support of the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000928-S)
Published: 2022

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