1. Subjects with high fasting insulin also have higher postprandial GLP-1 and glucagon levels than controls with lower insulin
- Author
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Simon Ingves, Johannes Bergsén, Hans Guldbrand, Fredrik H. Nystrom, Nathalie Vilhelmsson, and Erina Albinsson-Stenholm
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Endocrinology and Diabetes ,Glucagon ,Carbohydrate content ,Ghrelin ,Glucagon-like peptide-1 ,Satiety ,Meal distribution ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Insulin resistance ,Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Insulin ,Meal ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Cross-Over Studies ,business.industry ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Fasting ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Postprandial Period ,Crossover study ,Postprandial ,Endokrinologi och diabetes ,Female ,business ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists - Abstract
Little is known about postprandial release of serum ghrelin, glucagon, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in relation with differing fasting insulin levels. We hypothesized that these hormones are affected by insulin resistance, and hence, we compared different postprandial responses of GLP-1, glucagon, and ghrelin in subjects with relatively high (RHI) or relatively low (RLI) fasting insulin levels. The trial was a randomized crossover study with 4 different meal conditions. Fourteen nonobese or obese, healthy, men and 14 women were randomly assigned to the order of supervised intake of a 750 kcal drink with the same protein contents but with 20 energy-percent (E%) or 55 E% from carbohydrates, and the remaining energy from fat. Participants were also randomized to consume the drinks as 1 large beverage or as five 150-kcal portions every 30 minutes. The 28 subjects were divided into 2 equally sized groups based on fasting insulin levels. Statistics were done with general linear mixed model. Fasting insulin levels were 3-fold higher in the group with RHI compared with the RLI group (RHI: 1004 +/- 510 pg/mL, RLI: 324 +/- 123 pg/mL, P amp;lt; .0005). Serum GLP-1 was highest in the RHI group after both single meals and after 5 drinks and following high- and low-carbohydrate meals (both P amp;lt;= .002), and this was the case also for glucagon levels (both P amp;lt;= .018), whereas ghrelin levels did not differ between groups. Thus, subjects with RHI displayed both higher postprandial serum GLP-1 and glucagon than the participants with RLI, suggesting that glucagon could play a role in the advent of dysglycemia by insulin resistance. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Funding Agencies|County Council of Ostergotland; Linkoping University, Department of Medical and Health Sciences; Swedish Heart-Lung FoundationSwedish Heart-Lung Foundation; Gamla Tjanarinnor
- Published
- 2019