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The Internet of Things ecosystem pertains to web-enabled connected devices that operate built-in processors to record, send, and act on information from their surroundings via embedded communication hardware. IoT applications span from education, healthcare to self-driving cars. The high delay supplied through the connecting network to the data centers and huge data traffic can cause the system to become congested, so the cloud is not suggested for delay-sensitive applications and it is extremely difficult to provide educational applications, particularly in a mix of cloud and fog conditions. Fog computing was created to address this problem and improve time-sensitive applications by considering quality of service (QoS). Allocation of resources and scheduling of tasks are challenging issues for IoT applications in a fog environment. Resources are required for each educational application that includes several modules to run. In this paper, we used Weighted Greedy Knapsack (WGK) based algorithm for the resource allocation to the modules/components in the fog system. We have considered the smart parade application to provide certain services/resources and proposed method was experimented in iFogSim. Proposed method shows a better energy consumption and execution cost than that of concurrent, First-Come-First-Served (FCFS) and Delay-Priority algorithms.

Machine learning is a burgeoning technology where the machine learns from the historical data. Predictions are made using a variety of algorithms based on past data. Braille is a fundamental system of raised dots that enables the visually challenged and impaired (VI) to write and read by touch. In the digital age, the VI are facing great challenges in accessing digital content, integrating speech ware as output will assist them in gaining more knowledge. The existing papers, uses SVM classifier, Braille script, keypad and microphone as input and the relevant English alphabets are produced as output. This paper proposes a novel approach to convert English braille alphabets along with special characters to English text using various different pre-processing steps using SVM, RF and KNN Classifier. Braille images are captured by digital camera and pre-processed. The features of the scanned images are extracted by Segmentation. Support Vector Machine(SVM) Classifier with PCA feature extraction were used for Braille character recognition.

In this concept, Automated Teller Machines are broadly utilized step by step by individuals. Be that as it may, it’s difficult to hold their ATM card all over the place, individuals might neglect to have their ATM card or fail to remember their PIN. The ATM card might get harmed and clients can have a circumstance where they can't gain admittance to their cash. In our proposition, the utilization of biometrics for validation rather than PIN and ATM card is enlivened. Here, The Face ID is liked to high need, in light of the fact that the combination of those biometrics ends up being the sole among the distinguishing proof and check procedures. The execution of ATMs accompanies the issue of being gotten to by ill-conceived clients with substantial confirmation codes. This venture offers support to the client just if the client is real or checked by the authentic client of the ATM card. The clients are confirmed by contrasting the picture taken before the ATM, to the pictures which are available inside the information base. In the event that the client is really the new picture is utilized to implies the model for additional exactness. this framework utilizes OpenCV to handle the picture is gotten and Haar Cascade Classifier to recognize the countenances inside the picture. The face acknowledgment is finished utilizing Local Binary Pattern.

A prospective cross sectional study on the awareness, knowledge and risk factors of CKD among Diabetic and Hypertensive patients was conducted in the outpatient and inpatient wards of a tertiary care hospital in Bengaluru. A total number of 100 patients were included in the study. The results indicated that, out of 100 patients, 38% was having knowledge and 62% were without knowledge. 43% were having positive attitude and 57% with a negative attitude. It was found that majority of the people were without knowledge, that is 62% and negative attitude 57%. The study revealed that among educated people, 55.55% was having poor knowledge and 44.44% was having good knowledge. Among uneducated people, 64.86 % was having poor knowledge and 35.13 % was having good knowledge. Among 100 participants, 43% has positive attitude and 57% has negative attitude.

Hevein and hevein-like peptides are disulfide-constrained chitin-binding cysteine-rich peptides. They are divided into three subfamilies, 6C-, 8C-, and 10C-hevein-like peptides, based on the number of cysteine residues. In addition, hevein-like peptides can exist in two forms, short and long. The long C-terminal form found in hevein and 10C-hevein-like peptides contain a C-terminal protein cargo. In contrast, the short form without a protein cargo is found in all three subfamilies. Here, we report the discovery and characterization of two novel glutamine-rich and protein cargo-free 8C-hevein-like peptides, vaccatides vH1 and vH2, from Vaccaria hispanica of the Caryophyllaceae family. Proteomic analyses showed that the vaccatides are 40–41 amino acids in length and contain a chitin-binding domain. NMR determination revealed that vaccatide vH2 displays a highly compact structure with a N-terminal cystine knot and an addition C-terminal disulfide bond. Stability studies showed that this compact structure renders vaccatide vH2 resistant to thermal, chemical and proteolytic degradation. The chitin-binding vH2 was shown to inhibit the mycelium growth of four phyto-pathogenic fungal strains with IC50 values in the micromolar range. Our findings show that vaccatides represent a new family of 8C-hevein-like peptides, which are protein cargo-free and glutamine-rich, characteristics that differentiate them from the prototypic hevein and the 10C-hevein-like peptides. In summary, this study enriches the existing library of hevein-like peptides and provides insight into their molecular diversity in sequence, structure and biosynthesis. Additionally, their highly disulfide-constrained structure could be used as a scaffold for developing metabolically and orally active peptidyl therapeutics. NRF (Natl Research Foundation, S’pore) Published version

Background Hevein-like peptides are a family of cysteine-rich and chitin-binding peptides consisting of 29–45 amino acids. Their chitin-binding property is essential for plant defense against fungi. Based on the number of cysteine residues in their sequences, they are divided into three sub-families: 6C-, 8C- and 10C-hevein-like peptides. All three subfamilies contain a three-domain precursor comprising a signal peptide, a mature hevein-like peptide and a C-terminal domain comprising a hinge region with protein cargo in 8C- and 10C-hevein-like peptides. Results Here we report the isolation and characterization of two novel 8C-hevein-like peptides, designated morintides (mO1 and mO2), from the drumstick tree Moringa oleifera, a drought-resistant tree belonging to the Moringaceae family. Proteomic analysis revealed that morintides comprise 44 amino acid residues and are rich in cysteine, glycine and hydrophilic amino acid residues such as asparagine and glutamine. Morintides are resistant to thermal and enzymatic degradation, able to bind to chitin and inhibit the growth of phyto-pathogenic fungi. Transcriptomic analysis showed that they contain a three-domain precursor comprising an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence, a mature peptide domain and a C-terminal domain. A striking feature distinguishing morintides from other 8C-hevein-like peptides is a short and protein-cargo-free C-terminal domain. Previously, a similar protein-cargo-free C-terminal domain has been observed only in ginkgotides, the 8C-hevein-like peptides from a gymnosperm Ginkgo biloba. Thus, morintides, with a cargo-free C-terminal domain, are a stand-alone class of 8C-hevein-like peptides from angiosperms. Conclusions Our results expand the existing library of hevein-like peptides and shed light on molecular diversity within the hevein-like peptide family. Our work also sheds light on the anti-fungal activity and stability of 8C-hevein-like peptides. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-017-1014-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Hevein-like peptides make up a family of cysteine-rich peptides (CRPs) and play a role in plants in their defense against insects and fungal pathogens. In this study, we report the isolation and characterization of six hevein-like peptides, aSG1-G3 and aSR1-R3, collectively named altides from green and red varieties of Alternanthera sessilis, a perennial herb belonging to the Amaranthaceae family. Proteomic analysis of altides revealed they contain six cysteines (6C), seven glycines, four prolines, and a conserved chitin-binding domain (SXYGY/SXFGY). Thus far, only four 6C-hevein-like peptides have been isolated and characterized; hence, our study expands the existing library of these peptides. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) study of altides showed its three disulfide bonds were arranged in a cystine knot motif. As a consequence of this disulfide arrangement, they are stable against thermal and enzymatic degradation. Gene cloning studies revealed altides contain a three-domain precursor with an endoplasmic reticulum signal peptide followed by a mature CRP domain and a short C-terminal tail. This indicates that the biosynthesis of altides is through the secretory pathway. (1)H NMR titration experiments showed that the 29-30-amino acid altides bind to chitin oligomers with dissociation constants in the micromolar range. Aromatic residues in the chitin-binding domain of altides were involved in the binding interaction. To the best of our knowledge, aSR1 is the smallest hevein-like peptide with a dissociation constant toward chitotriose comparable to those of hevein and other hevein-like peptides. Together, our study expands the existing library of 6C-hevein-like peptides and provides insights into their structure, biosynthesis, and interaction with chitin oligosaccharides. NRF (Natl Research Foundation, S’pore) Accepted version

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with supraclavicular nodal failure (SCF) in patients with one to three positive axillary nodes treated with breast conserving surgery and axillary dissection without supraclavicular node radiation (S/C RT) to aid in the selection of patients for S/C RT. Two hundred two breast conservation patients with one to three positive axillary nodes on axillary dissection treated with breast irradiation without S/C RT and 20 patients with S/C RT between August 1985 and May 2002 were identified and retrospectively evaluated. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to determine SCF-free and overall survival curves. Risk factors for SCF were examined. The median follow-up from surgery was 72 months (range: 4-195). Nine of 202 patients (4%) failed in the ipsilateral breast, 4 (2%) in the ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph nodes, 4 (2%) in the ipsilateral axillary and/or internal mammary nodes and 30 (15%) distantly. The 5- and 10-year SCF-free survival was 97.92%. The overall survival at 5, 10, and 15 years was 91.35%, 75.58%, and 67.18%, respectively. SCFs were associated with high grade or ER negative cancers, but not with number of positive nodes. Two of the four SCFs were associated with distant metastases, and two with local failures. One patient with a SCF was salvaged and is disease-free at 134 months. The overall low incidence of SCF in patients with one to three positive nodes treated with breast radiation alone after breast conserving surgery and adequate axillary dissection suggests that additional S/C RT is unnecessary in this cohort. When it occurs, supraclavicular nodal failure is often associated with distant metastases.

Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria (DUH) is a very rare genodermatosis characterized by generalized skin dyspigmentation. It is most common in Japan, but has also been reported in other parts of Asia, Europe, South America, and Africa. We report a case of a 44-year-old man born and raised in North America who presented with total skin discoloration since birth.