182 results on '"Shirani, S."'
Search Results
2. Visual sensor network lifetime maximization by prioritized scheduling of nodes
- Author
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Hooshmand, M., Soroushmehr, S.M.R., Khadivi, P., Samavi, S., and Shirani, S.
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- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Iliosacral Screw Placement With Local Anesthesia Using C T Scan
- Author
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Shahriar Kamrani R, Shirani S, and Tahmasbi M T
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Ilio-sacral screw ,pelvic fracture ,fixation of pelvic instability ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Ilio-sacral screw is a technique for posterior pelvic fixation. In spite of its benefits, it had not performed commonly in Iran because of its difficulties. We changed this technique to insert the screw under CT-Scan guide with lical anesthesia to increase image quality and decrease neurological complications and performed it in two patients. In both cases the screws were inserted in correct position without any complication."n"n
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- 2003
4. Unequal erasure protection technique for scalable multistreams
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Dumitrescu, S., Rivers, G., and Shirani, S.
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Data compression -- Analysis ,Image coding -- Analysis ,Packet switching -- Analysis ,Scalability -- Analysis ,Packet switching technology ,Business ,Computers ,Electronics ,Electronics and electrical industries - Published
- 2010
5. Optimized atom position and coefficient coding for matching pursuit-based image compression
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Shoa, A. and Shirani, S.
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Correlation (Statistics) -- Usage ,Data compression -- Analysis ,Image coding -- Analysis ,Wavelet transforms -- Usage ,Business ,Computers ,Electronics ,Electronics and electrical industries - Published
- 2009
6. Comparison of Vascular Density in Expanded Tissues versus Normal Tissue in Patients Need Alternative Tissue
- Author
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Omranifard, M., Afsharmoghadam, N., and Shirani, S.
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lcsh:R5-920 ,Tissue transplantation ,lcsh:R ,Tissue expanders ,lcsh:Medicine ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,Skin - Abstract
Background: For replacement of the lost tissue due to trauma and burns, several methods were used; tissue expander in one of them, but few studies has been done about it. This study aimed to compare vascular density in the expanded tissue versus normal tissue in patients with missing tissue. Methods: In a clinical trial study in 2015-2016, 25 candidates for tissue expander were enrolled. Subcutaneous tissue expander was placed and after completion of treatment, at the time getting expanders out of the body, 5 samples were given from expanded capsule, subcutaneous of expanded tissue, subcutaneous of not-expanded tissue, expanded skin, and not-expanded skin. Vascular density of the samples were determined by a pathologist and were compared with healthy tissue of adjacent area. Findings: The mean vascular density in expanded capsule, subcutaneous of expanded tissue, and subcutaneous of not-expanded tissue were 8.96 ± 4.73, 7.36 ± 3.29, and 5.08 ± 2.40 per mm2, respectively; vascular density of subcutaneous of expanded and not-expanded tissue was statistically different (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Using expanded tissue for destroyed tissue replacement is an efficient method in patients who need it; developing tissue with this method leads to development of vascularity in expanded tissue.
- Published
- 2017
7. Injection of botulinum toxin before pneumatic dilatation in achalasia treatment: a randomized-controlled trial
- Author
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MIKAELI, J., BISHEHSARI, F., MONTAZERI, G., MAHDAVINIA, M., YAGHOOBI, M., DARVISH-MOGHADAM, S., FARROKHI, F., SHIRANI, S., ESTAKHRI, A., and MALEKZADEH, R.
- Published
- 2006
8. Lower oesophageal sphincter pressure and timed barium oesophagogram: two objective parameters in the non-invasive assessment of primary achalasia
- Author
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MONTAZERI, G., NOURI, N., ESTAKHRI, A., SHIRANI, S., DERAKHSHAN, M. H., YAGHOOBI, M., MIKAELI, J., and MALEKZADEH, R.
- Published
- 2005
9. Detection of Candida albicans in oral squamous cell carcinoma by fluorescence staining technique
- Author
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gholamreza jahanshahi and Shirani, S.
- Subjects
oral squamous cell carcinoma ,lcsh:RK1-715 ,stomatognathic diseases ,lcsh:Dentistry ,Candida albicans ,Original Article ,fluorescence - Abstract
Background: One of the probable etiologic risk factors of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is Candidal infection, especially by Candida albicans, whose role has not definitely been confirmed. Some have assigned a primary role to Candida, whereas others consider it as a transient inhabitant. The debate may be due to lack of an accurate and sensitive revealing technique. By identifying the presence of Candida, especially in deeper parts of OSCC, the etiologic role may be verified. The present study was conducted to detect the presence of Candida in OSCC by fluorescence staining technique. Materials and Methods: This study was descriptive experimental. Calcofluor-white, which is applied in fluorescence staining, is a specific staining substance for Candida and has a higher accuracy compared with other common methods. 100 specimens of well-differentiated OSCC with adequate amount of tissue were retrieved from the archive and two serial sections were obtained from each one. The first section was stained using the popular histochemical (periodic acid-Schiff [PAS]) method and then evaluated under a light microscope to detect the presence of Candida. The second section was stained using fluorescence staining technique. The sum of counted Candida in each technique was fed into SPSS software and analyzed by McNamara test. P < 0.001 was considered as significant. Results: The amount of Candida present in OSCCs was 74% measured by fluorescence technique. The sensitivity and specificity of the two staining techniques were significantly different. These parameters in the fluorescence technique were higher than those of the histochemical (PAS) method, confirmed by McNamara test showing significantly different results for them (P < 0.001).The results obtained from the fluorescence technique had higher accuracy compared with the histochemical (PAS) method. Conclusion: Some researchers couldn′t find a considerable number of fungi in OSCC, while our results revealed more presence of Candida, especially in deeper parts of tissue samples and probably a more important role for Candida as an etiologic risk factor for OSCC. However, since the fluorescence technique had a higher accuracy in the identification of Candida and it was nearly evident in two-third of the samples, the role of fungi as a primary cause is suggested to be studied in future investigations.
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- 2015
10. Perceptual color image coding with JPEG200
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Dumitrescu, S., Rivers, G., and Shirani, S.
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Image coding -- Analysis ,Vision -- Models ,Business ,Computers ,Electronics ,Electronics and electrical industries - Published
- 2010
11. Risk factors of atherosclerosis in male smokers, passive smokers, and hypertensive nonsmokers in central Iran
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Ansari, R., Khosravi, A., Bahonar, A., Shirani, S., Roya Kelishadi, and Khosravi, Z.
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lcsh:Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,lcsh:RC666-701 ,Cardiovascular Disease ,Risk Factor ,Hypertension ,Original Article ,Cigarette Smoking - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Some studies showed that smoking follows an upward trend in Asian countries as compared with other countries. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of cigarette smoking on cardiovascular diseases and risk factors of atherosclerosis in patients with hypertension. METHODS: This study was conducted on 6123 men residing in central Iran (Isfahan and Markazi Provinces) that participated in Isfahan Healthy Heart Project (IHHP). Subjects were randomly selected using cluster sampling method. All the subjects were studied in terms of their history of cardiovascular disease, demographic characteristics, smoking, blood pressure, physical examination, pulse rate, respiratory rate, weight, height, waist circumference, and blood measurements including LDL-C, HDL-C, total cholesterol, triglyceride, fasting blood sugar and 2-hour post prandial test. RESULTS: While 893 subjects suffered from hypertension, 5230 subjects were healthy. The hypertension prevalence was 2.5 times more in urban areas compared to rural areas that showed a significant difference as it increased to 3.5 times smoking factor was considered. The prevalence of risk factors of atherosclerosis and also cardiovascular complications in patients with hypertension were significantly higher than healthy people. Furthermore, they were higher in smokers with hypertension and those exposed to the cigarette smoke than nonsmokers. CONCLUSION: Smoking and passive smoking had an increasing effect on the prevalence of risk factors of atherosclerosis and consequently the incidence of cardiovascular diseases in patients with hypertension. Keywords: Hypertension, Cigarette Smoking, Cardiovascular Disease, Risk Factor.
- Published
- 2012
12. Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Combined with Total Occlusion of Internal Carotid Artery
- Author
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Abbasi, K., Shirani, S., Araghi, M. F., abbasali karimi, Ahmadi, H., Abbasi, S. H., and Moshtaghi, N.
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lcsh:Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,lcsh:RC666-701 ,cardiovascular system ,Coronary artery bypass grafting ,cardiovascular diseases ,Internal carotid artery - Abstract
Background: The presence of significant carotid stenosis in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients increases the risk of either transient ischemic attack or stroke. However, there is a dearth of data on the risk for patients with unilateral total occlusion of the carotid artery. We herein report our results of cardiac surgery in patients with unilateral total occlusion of the carotid artery. Methods: We examined 10,000 patients who underwent carotid artery duplex scanning before CABG or other cardiac procedures between January 2001 and September 2006 at Tehran Heart Center. The occlusions were detected via carotid Doppler screening and were confirmed through conventional or MR angiography. Among these patients, 15 (0.15%) patients had unilateral total occlusion of the internal carotid artery, and all of them underwent elective cardiac surgery. During cardiopulmonary bypass, the mean arterial pressure was maintained at above 60 mmHg with vasopressure drugs and increasing flow pump. Results: There were 4 patients with left and 11 patients with right carotid occlusions. Four patients had a history of cerebrovascular accident. The mean cross-clamp time (min) and perfusion time (min) was 50.7±17.3 and 94.2±26.7, respectively. The mean graft number was 4.1±0.9. One of these patients expired intraoperatively because of low cardiac output. In one (6.66%) patient, postoperative cerebrovascular accident occurred on the contralateral side of the totally occluded region. All the patients recovered uneventfully. Conclusion: Our results suggest that CABG can be performed in patients with unilateral total occlusion of the internal carotid artery without ipsilateral stroke using our strategies.
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- 2008
13. P3501Association between elevated baseline blood urea nitrogen and mortality in patients with acute pulmonary embolism
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Jenab, Y., primary, Shirani, S., additional, Alemzadeh-Ansari, M., additional, Vahidi, H., additional, Pourjafari, M., additional, and Jalali, A., additional
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- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Non-administration of thrombolytic agents in acute myocardial infarction patients in Hajar hospital, Shahrekord, Iran: prevalence rate and causes
- Author
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Samieinasab, M., Shirani, S., Hashemi, S. M., ali pourmoghadas, and Hekmat, M.
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lcsh:Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,lcsh:RC666-701 ,Short Communication ,Acute Myocardial Infarction ,Therapy ,Thrombolytic - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases are the major causes of mortality worldwide and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the leading cause of mortality among cardiovascular diseases. Thrombolytic therapies, especially during the first few hours after the disease onset, can significantly reduce AMI-related mortality. METHODS: The current study aimed to determine the prevalence and causes of non-administration of thrombolytic therapy for AMI patients admitted to Hajar Hospital, Shahrekord, Iran, from May until November 2000. Non-probability convenient sampling method was used to select 106 subjects with Q-wave AMI. Data was collected by completing a questionnaire, reviewing medical records, and interviewing with patients. SPSS7.5 was for data analysis. RESULTS: A total number of 106 AMI patients were studied among whom 62 (59%) individuals received thrombolytic therapy. Delayed referral to the hospital was the major cause of failure to provide thrombolytic therapy. The cause of non-treatment could not be identified in 15 (19.5%) subjects eligible to receive therapy. CONCLUSION: Training general practitioners and individuals involved in this regard along with accelerating the process of patient referral to hospitals can reduce AMI-related mortality. Keywords: Acute Myocardial Infarction, Thrombolytic, Therapy
- Published
- 2012
15. Screening of carotid artery stenosis in coronary artery bypass grafting patients
- Author
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Salehiomran, A., Shirani, S., abbasali karimi, Ahmadi, H., Marzban, M., Movahedi, N., Moshtaghi, N., and Abbasi, S. H.
- Subjects
Stroke ,lcsh:Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,lcsh:RC666-701 ,Doppler ,Carotid stenosis ,Original Article ,Ultrasonography, Doppler ,Ultrasonography- Doppler ,Ultrasonography - Abstract
Background: We sought to evaluate the routine echo-Doppler screening of carotid artery stenosis in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Methods: A total of 2179 consecutive patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting alone or with other cardiac surgery at Tehran Heart Center, Tehran-Iran, between January 2005 and January 2006 were included in this retrospective study. Carotid Doppler was performed for 1604 (81.48%) of these patients. Results: The patients’ age ranged between 20 and 84 years (mean: 58.33, SD: 10.08 years). Of the 1604 patients studied, 1186 (73.9%) were men, 592 (36.9%) had diabetes, 598 (37.3%) were smokers, and 194 (12.1%) cases had significant left main stenosis. Twenty-one (1.3%) patients had significant carotid stenosis (> 60% stenosis), which constituted 0.9% of all the bypass surgery candidates. Post-operative cerebrovascular accident was not detected in any of the patients with significant carotid stenosis, but cerebrovascular accident occurred in 22 (1.4%) of the patients without carotid stenosis. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) was conducted in 15 patients. In our univariate analysis, female gender (p value = 0.023), hypertension (p value = 0.055), peripheral vascular disease (p value < 0.001), and age (p value = 0.001) were significant in the development of carotid stenosis. Conclusion: Pre-operative duplex carotid screening seems to be necessary in patients when there is hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, female gender, and advanced age.
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- 2009
16. De-Interlacing Using Nonlocal Costs and Markov-Chain-Based Estimation of Interpolation Methods
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Vedadi, F., primary and Shirani, S., additional
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- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Design and Analysis of a Successively Refinable Lattice Quantizer for i.i.d. Gaussian Sources
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Shoa, A., primary and Shirani, S., additional
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- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Affine Motion Prediction Based on Translational Motion Vectors
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Kordasiewicz, R.C., primary, Gallant, M.D., additional, and Shirani, S., additional
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- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. An Information Geometric Approach to ML Estimation With Incomplete Data: Application to Semiblind MIMO Channel Identification
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Zia, A., primary, Reilly, J.P., additional, Manton, J., additional, and Shirani, S., additional
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- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. An Approach to Improve the Signal-to-Noise Ratio of Active Pixel Sensor for Low-Light-Level Applications
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Faramarzpour, N., primary, Deen, M.J., additional, and Shirani, S., additional
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- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Real-time processing and compression of DNA microarray images
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Samavi, S., primary, Shirani, S., additional, and Karimi, N., additional
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- 2006
- Full Text
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22. Reconstruction of baseline JPEG coded images in error prone environments
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Shirani, S., primary, Kossentini, F., additional, and Ward, R., additional
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- 2000
- Full Text
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23. On RD optimized progressive image coding using JPEG
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In, J., primary, Shirani, S., additional, and Kossentini, F., additional
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- 1999
- Full Text
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24. Sonographic prediction of body fat volume (subcutaneous and visceral fat) in cardiovascular patients.
- Author
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Shojaei MH, Shirani S, Eshraghian MR, and Soleymanzadeh M
- Abstract
Introduction: Inappropriate body composition represents impaired energy and nutrient intake and can be a risk factor for many diseases, especially for cardiovascular disease. Different methods have been suggested for the estimation of body fat volume and its distribution. However, they may be either expensive or hazardous for some groups of patients. Sonography is a very accessible technique, which may be used for the evaluation of visceral and subcutaneous fat volume. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sonographic prediction of body fat and its distribution in subcutaneous and visceral compartments.Methods: During a three-month period, we conducted sonographic evaluations for visceral and subcutaneous fat in 106 patients who were admitted to our hospital. The subcutaneous fat was measured at the para-umbilical region and visceral fat was measured in the right para-renal space. The results were compared with the data obtained from the body mass index (BMI) and bioelectric impedance analysis.Results: The mean age of the patients was 58.8 years, and the mean BMI was26.48 +/- 0.33. The mean values of fat percent and fat mass obtained by the electric-method were 31.07 +/- 0.81% and 22.12 +/- 0.68 kg, respectively. The respective mean values of subcutaneous and visceral fat obtained by sonography were 20.50+/-0.56 mm and 24.14 +/- 0.58 mm. The correlation between BMI and subcutaneous fat was 0.85 (p value < 0.0001) and the correlation between BMI and visceral fat was0.46 (p value < 0.0001).Conclusion: Sonography is a reliable and available method for the estimation of body fat and its distribution in cardiovascular patients, in subcutaneous and visceral compartments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
25. Screening of carotid artery stenosis in coronary artery bypass grafting patients.
- Author
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Salehiomran A, Shirani S, Karimi A, Ahmadi H, Marzban M, Movahedia N, Moshtaghi N, and Abbasi SH
- Abstract
Background: We sought to evaluate the routine echo-Doppler screening of carotid artery stenosis in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Methods: A total of 2179 consecutive patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting alone or with other cardiac surgery at Tehran Heart Center, Tehran-Iran, between January 2005 and January 2006 were included in this retrospective study. Carotid Doppler was performed for 1604 (81.48%) of these patients. Results: The patients' age ranged between 20 and 84 years (mean: 58.33, SD: 10.08 years). Of the 1604 patients studied, 1186 (73.9%) were men, 592 (36.9%) had diabetes, 598 (37.3%) were smokers, and 194 (12.1%) cases had significant left main stenosis. Twenty-one (1.3%) patients had significant carotid stenosis (> 60% stenosis), which constituted 0.9% of all the bypass surgery candidates. Post-operative cerebrovascular accident was not detected in any of the patients with significant carotid stenosis, but cerebrovascular accident occurred in 22 (1.4%) of the patients without carotid stenosis. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) was conducted in 15 patients. In our univariate analysis, female gender (p value = 0.023), hypertension (p value = 0.055), peripheral vascular disease (p value < 0.001), and age (p value = 0.001) were significant in the development of carotid stenosis. Conclusion: Pre-operative duplex carotid screening seems to be necessary in patients when there is hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, female gender, and advanced age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
26. Awareness, treatment and control of hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetes mellitus in an Iranian population: the IHHP study.
- Author
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Shirani S, Kelishadi R, Sarrafzadegan N, Khosravi A, Sadri G, Amani A, Heidari S, and Ramezani MA
- Abstract
We used data from the baseline survey from the Isfahan Healthy Heart Programme to determine the prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetes among a representative samples of 12 514 adults living in 3 cities in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetes was 17.3%, 66.3% and 5.6% respectively. Awareness, treatment and control of hypertension were 40.3%, 35.3%, and 9.1% respectively. The rates for dyslipidaemia were 14.4%, 7.1% and 6.5% respectively, and 54.6% of diabetics were aware of their disease and 46.2% were under treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
27. Ultrasonographic screening of the carotid artery in coronary artery bypass surgery.
- Author
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Shirani S, Shakiba M, Soleymanzadeh M, Boroumand MA, Abbasi SH, Anvari MS, Darabian S, and Esfandbod M
- Abstract
Background: The incidence of stroke after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is between 0.9% and 6.7%, which significantly increases in-hospital and out-hospital costs. This study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of significant carotid stenosis and its risk factors in CABG.Methods: In total, 2044 consecutive patients undergoing elective CABG were investigated through a pre-operative duplex scanning of the carotid arteries. The relation of age, sex, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and coronary disease with carotid stenosis was evaluated.Results: The prevalence of carotid stenosis was 7.6%. The multivariate analysis showed that age over 55 and left main coronary disease were significant independent risk factors for carotid stenosis. Female gender, smoking, hypertension, and diabetes were the risk factors in the univariate logistic regression model.Conclusion: Carotid stenosis is prevalent in CABG candidates. It seems that age >/=55 years and left main coronary disease are the independent risk factors for carotid stenosis in CABG patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
28. Surveillance of clean surgical procedures: An indicator to establish a baseline of a hospital infection problem in a developing country, Iran.
- Author
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Shojaei, H., Borijan, S., Shooshtari, Pour J., and Shirani, S.
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OPERATIVE surgery ,NOSOCOMIAL infections ,SURGICAL diagnosis ,STAPHYLOCOCCUS ,DEVELOPING countries - Abstract
Objectives: To establish a baseline of a hospital's problem, it is recommended to conduct a surveillance of clean (class I) surgical procedures. The present study was conducted to determine the infection rate of clean surgical procedures and to estimate the magnitude of nosocomial infection in some Iranian university hospitals. Materials and Methods: A total of 845 clean surgical wound cases were screened for infection by standard microbiological investigations during a 9-month period of time. Results: The overall clean wound infection rate was found to be 4.9%, which is comparable to the expected infection rate of 0.8%. The most common organisms isolated were Staphylococcus epidermidis (74%), Staphylococcus aureus (17%) and Enterobacter aerogenes (5%). The in-vitro sensitivity of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus to the common antimicrobial drugs showed that they were resistant to penicillin, ampicillin and amoxicillin. Our study revealed that the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics in preventing wound infection after clean surgical procedures is unquestioned. Conclusions: Having considered the high rate of clean wound infection, a high rate of hospital infection in the region might be inferred. This study calls for the need of a more organized and effective infection control program that includes active infection surveillance in Iran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
29. Cytochrome P450 2C19 polymorphism in Iranian patients with coronary artery disease
- Author
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Akhlaghi A, Shirani S, Naghmeh Ziaie, Pirhaji O, Yaran M, Shahverdi G, Sarrafzadegan N, Khosravi A, and Khosravi E
- Subjects
lcsh:Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,lcsh:RC666-701 ,Original Article ,Coronary Artery Disease ,CYP2C19 ,Polymorphism ,Iran ,Clopidogrel - Abstract
BACKGROUND: The polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) gene are major prognostic factors for the response to clopidogrel therapy in patients with coronary artery diseases (CAD). The CYP2C19*2 is the most important allele responsible for resistance to clopidogrel therapy. This study examined CYP2C19 gene polymorphism (CYP2C19*1 and *2) in Iranian patients. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on 43 Iranian patients with CAD who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and received drug-eluted stents (DES). CYP2C19 polymorphisms were assessed using real time PCR and frequency of CYP2C19*1 and CYP2C19*2 were determined, and then homo- or heterozygous state of genes was detected by Melt Curve Analysis method. RESULTS: Forty three patients (mean age = 58.8 ± 10.0 years, 79.1% male) participated in this study. CYP2C19*1/CYP2C19*1 genotype was observed in 31 (72.1%) of participates, CYP2C19*1/CYP2C19*2 genotype in 10 (23.3%), and CYP2C19*2/CYP2C19*2 genotype in 2 patients (4.7%). The frequency of CYP2C19*2 allele in the sample was 27.9%. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated a high prevalence of CYP2C19*2 gene polymorphism in Iranian patients. Further studies with larger samples or longitudinal are required to determine the effects of this polymorphism on the prognosis of CAD patients in our population. Keywords: CYP2C19, Polymorphism, Clopidogrel, Coronary Artery Disease, Iran.  
30. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the right ventricle causing tricuspid valve regurgitation
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Sotoudeh Anvari, M., Soleimani, A., ALI ABBASI, Boroumand, M. A., Marzban, M., Karimi, A. A., Yazdanifard, P., Shirani, S., and Sahebjam, M.
- Subjects
Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation ,Male ,Cardiopulmonary Bypass ,Adolescent ,Heart Diseases ,Heart Ventricles ,Case Reports ,Fever of Unknown Origin ,Granuloma, Plasma Cell ,Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency ,Treatment Outcome ,Echocardiography ,Humans ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed - Abstract
Cardiac inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor is a rare lesion consisting of inflammatory cells and myofibroblastic spindle cells. We describe a case of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor that involved the right ventricle, thereby causing tricuspid valve regurgitation in an 18-year-old man who presented with a fever of unknown origin and of 1 month's duration. With the patient on cardiopulmonary bypass, we excised the lesion and replaced the tricuspid valve without serious intraoperative or postoperative sequelae. The patient had a favorable outcome.
31. Hypertension control in industrial employees: Findings from SHIMSCO study
- Author
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Khosravi, A. R., Rowzati, M., Gharipour, M., Fesharaki, M. G., Shirani, S., Shahrokhi, S., Jozan, M., Khosravi, E., Khosravi, Z., and Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Subjects
lcsh:Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,lcsh:RC666-701 ,Hypertension ,Control ,Blood Pressure ,Articles ,Industrial ,cardiovascular diseases ,Worksite ,circulatory and respiratory physiology - Abstract
Background: Hypertension prevention and control are among the most important public health priorities. We evaluated the impacts of a workplace intervention project "Stop Hypertension in Mobarakeh Steel Company" (SHIMSCO) on controlling hypertension in industrial workers. Methods: The study was carried out in Mobarakeh Steel Company in Isfahan among 7286 male workers and employees. All individuals were evaluated for the presence of hypertension (HTN). According to examinations, 500 subjects with systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg, and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mmHg, and/or those using antihypertensive medications were confirmed to have HTN and thus included in this study. They were questioned for sociodemographic characteristics, past medical history and medication use. They received an educational program including healthy lifestyle and self-care recommendations of HTN management and control as well as training for accurate blood pressure measurement and home monitoring for two years. SBP, DBP, weight, height and routine lab tests were measured for all hypertensive subjects before and after the interventions. Paired t-test, generalized estimation equation (GEE) and ordinary linear regression (OLR) were used for statistical analysis in SPSS. Results: The comparison of SBP and DBP before and after the educational program showed significant reductions in both parameters (-7.97 ± 14.72 and -2.66 ± 9.96 mmHg, respectively). However, a greater decrease was detected in case of DBP. GEE showed SBP and DBP to decrease about -0.115 and -0.054 mmHg/month. OLR also revealed reductions of 4.88 and 2.57 mmHg respectively in SBP and DBP upon adding each antihypertensive drug. Conclusion: SHIMSCO, a 3-year interventional project in workplaces, was effective in reducing SBP and DBP among hypertensive employees and workers. We conclude that implementing simple educational programs in worksites can improve the management and control of hypertension and perhaps other chronic diseases. Keywords: Hypertension, Worksite, Industrial, Blood Pressure, Control  
32. Evaluating factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension: Isfahan cohort study, Iran
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Khosravi, A., Pourheidar, B., Mousavi, M., Hajiannejad, A., Bidram, P., Hamidreza Roohafza, Moezzi, M., Gharipour, M., Shirani, S., Golshahi, J., Boshtam, M., and Sarrafzadegan, N.
- Subjects
Uncontrolled ,lcsh:Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,Risk Factors ,lcsh:RC666-701 ,Hypertension ,Prevalence ,Original Article ,Prevalence, Hypertension, Uncontrolled, Risk Factors ,cardiovascular diseases - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hypertension (HTN) considers as one of the most common risk factors, which potentially raises the risk of cardiovascular disease. Regarding high prevalence of HTN among Iranian population this study designed to examine a range of socio-demographic and clinical variables to determine the association with failure to achieve blood pressure control in a cohort of hypertensive subjects. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study is a part of Isfahan cohort study which carried out on adults aged 35 years old or more. Subjects with confirmed HTN entered in this sub-study. For all subjects questionnaire included socio-demographic characteristics, clinical data and lifestyle behavior completed by trained nurses. Uncontrolled HTN was defined as systolic and diastolic blood pressure more than 140/90 in the presence or absent of pharmacological treatment. RESULTS: The prevalence of uncontrolled men was significantly higher than controlled in both 2001 and 2007 (P < 0.001). A significant association was found between sex and control of blood pressure: compared with women, being men [odds ratio (OR) = 2.31; 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.64-3.24] was significantly associated with uncontrolled HTN in 2001 and (OR = 2.38; 95% CI = 1.78-3.18). Among lifestyle behaviors, tendency for more consumption of salty foods increased the risk of uncontrolled HTN in 2001 by 1.73 times [OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.20-2.50, (P = 0.003)]. Patients who were naive to mono-therapy without considering the type of antihypertensive drug were found to be associated with uncontrolled blood pressure (OR = 0.14; 95 % CI =0.1-0.2). CONCLUSION: Uncontrolled HTN was sex, marital status, diabetes, tendency to salty foods and medication adherence. Assessment of them presence of these risk factors is warranted to recommend an aggressive HTN management with the goal of reducing excessive risk of cardiovascular events caused by uncontrolled HTN. 
33. Ultrasonographic screening of the carotid artery in coronary artery bypass surgery
- Author
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Shirani, S., Shakiba, M., Soleymanzadeh, M., Boroumand, M. A., Abbasi, S. H., Anvari, M. S., Sirous Darabian, and Esfandbod, M.
- Subjects
lcsh:Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,Carotid Arteries ,lcsh:RC666-701 ,cardiovascular diseases ,Coronary Artery Bypass ,Ultrasonography - Abstract
Background: The incidence of stroke after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is between 0.9% and 6.7%, which significantly increases in-hospital and out-hospital costs. This study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of significant carotid stenosis and its risk factors in CABG. Methods: In total, 2044 consecutive patients undergoing elective CABG were investigated through a pre-operative duplex scanning of the carotid arteries. The relation of age, sex, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and coronary disease with carotid stenosis was evaluated. Results: The prevalence of carotid stenosis was 7.6%. The multivariate analysis showed that age over 55 and left main coronary disease were significant independent risk factors for carotid stenosis. Female gender, smoking, hypertension, and diabetes were the risk factors in the univariate logistic regression model. Conclusion: Carotid stenosis is prevalent in CABG candidates. It seems that age ≥55 years and left main coronary disease are the independent risk factors for carotid stenosis in CABG patients.
34. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome diagnosis after coronary artery bypass: comparison between diagnostic criteria and clinical picture
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Vakili, M., Shirani, S., Paknejad, O., and Fardin Yousefshahi
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Male ,Respiratory Distress Syndrome ,lcsh:R5-920 ,Acute Respiratory ,Bypass Graft ,Distress Syndrome ,Coronary Artery Disease ,Iran ,Middle Aged ,Coronary Artery ,cardiopulmonary pump ,Diagnosis, Differential ,Intensive Care Units ,Postoperative Complications ,Humans ,Female ,Prospective Studies ,Blood Gas Analysis ,Coronary Artery Bypass ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a potential complication of cardiac surgery, given that patients undergoing CABG frequently have hypoxemia and pulmonary dysfunction during initial hours after surgery. Thus, ARDS criteria in these patients are more likely to be positive while these criteria may not match the patient`s clinical picture. We aimed to investigate frequency of rapid onset hypoxemia in Pressure of Arterial Oxygen to Fractional Inspired Oxygen Concentration (PaO2/FiO2) less than 200 and diffuse pulmonary infiltrates as two diagnostic criteria forwards and compared these criteria with the clinical picture of the patients after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) in this study. The study was prospective case series which carried out in about six months. All patients admitted to intensive care unit of Tehran Heart Center, who had undergone CABG on cardiopulmonary pump (CPB) recruited in the study. After considering inclusion criteria, age, sex, duration of intubation, arterial blood gas and chest radiography, on 24 hours and 48 hours after admission to the ICU were recorded. Then, patients with rapid onset of hypoxemia (PaO2/FiO2≤200mmHg) and diffuse pulmonary infiltrates and without sign or symptoms of obvious heart failure (probable positive ARDS cases) criteria were recorded and comparison between these probable positive cases with clinician`s clinical diagnosis (blinded to the study) was performed. In this study, a total of 300 patients after on-pump coronary artery bypass surgery were included. Postoperatively, 2 (0.66 %) in the 24 hours and 4 (1.33%) patients in 48 hours after surgery were positive for the two ARDS criteria according to the checklists, but; nobody had saved persistently ARDS criteria persistently during 48 hours after surgery. At the same time, clinician did not report any case of ARDS among 300 patients. In this study patients with ARDS criteria had no significant differences in age (P.value=0.937) and sex (P.value=0.533). Duration of intubation in patients with ARDS (14.26 ± 4.25 hours) in the first 48 hours was higher but not statistically different from the group without ARDS (11.60 ± 5.45 hours) (P.value=0.236). ARDS diagnosis based on rapid onset of hypoxemia (PaO2/FiO2≤200 mmHg) and diffuse pulmonary infiltrates and without signs or symptoms of obvious heart failure criteria in patients undergoing CABG could lead to overdiagnosis or misdiagnosis in less than 24 hours follow up. We recommend following patients for more than 24 hours and revise the current ARDS criteria for CABG patients.
35. Effect of different dosages of nitroglycerin infusion on arterial blood gas tensions in patients undergoing on- pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery
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Masoumi, G., Pour, E. H., ali sadeghpour, Ziayeefard, M., Alavi, M., Anbardan, S. J., and Shirani, S.
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Blood gas analysis ,lcsh:R ,lcsh:Medicine ,Original Article ,nitroglycerin ,coronary artery bypass - Abstract
Background: On-pump coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery impairs gas exchange in the early postoperative period. The main object on this study was evaluation of changes in arterial blood gas values in patients underwent on pump CABG surgery receiving different dose of intravenous nitroglycerin (NTG). Materials and Methods: sixty-seven consecutive patients undergoing elective on-pump CABG randomly enrolled into three groups receiving NTG 50 μg/min (Group N1, n =67), 100 μg/min (Group N2, n = 67), and 150 μg/min (Group N3, n = 67). Arterial blood gas (ABG) tensions were evaluated just before induction of anesthesia, during anesthesia, at the end of warming up period, and 6 h after admission to the intensive care unit. Results: Pao2 and PH had the highest value during surgery in Group N1, Group N2, and Group N3. No significant difference was noted in mean values of Pao2 and PH during surgery between three groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in HCO3 values in different time intervals among three groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: our results showed that infusing three different dosage of NTG (50, 100, and 150 μg/min) had no significant effect on ABG tensions in patients underwent on-pump CABG surgery.
36. DNA Microarray Images: Processing, Modelling, Compression
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Faramarzpour, Naser, Shirani, S., Deen, M. J., and Electrical and Computer Engineering
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images ,modelling ,ComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITION ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,processing ,Data_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY ,DNA ,electrical engineering - Abstract
DNA Microarray is an innovative tool for gene studies in biomedical research. It is capable of testing and extracting the expression of large number of genes in parallel. Its applications can vary from cancer diagnosis to human identification. A DNA microarray experiment generates an image which has the genetic data embedded in it. Fast, accurate, and automatic routines for processing and compression of these images do not exist. For processing and modelling of micoarray images, we introduce a new, fast and accurate approach in this thesis. A new lossless compression method for microarray images is introduced that provides an average compression ratio of 1.89:1, and that outperforms other lossless compression schemes and the work of other researchers in this field. For the lossy compression, our new method has overcome the rate-distortion curve of JPEG. A new scanning method called spiral path, and a new spatial transform called C2S are introduced in this thesis for lossless and lossy compression of microarray images. Thesis Master of Applied Science (MASc)
- Published
- 2004
37. Do Interictal Epileptiform Discharges and Brain Responses to Electrical Stimulation Come From the Same Location? An Advanced Source Localization Solution.
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Shirani S, Abdi-Sargezeh B, Valentin A, Alarcon G, Bird J, and Sanei S
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- Humans, Electric Stimulation methods, Bayes Theorem, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Brain Mapping methods, Algorithms, Male, Adult, Electroencephalography methods, Brain physiopathology, Epilepsy physiopathology
- Abstract
Identification of seizure sources in the brain is of paramount importance, particularly for drug-resistant epilepsy patients who may require surgical operation. Interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs), which may or may not be frequent, are known to originate from seizure networks. Delayed responses (DRs) to brain electrical stimulation have been recently discovered. If DRs and IEDs come from the same location and the DRs can be accurately localized, there will be a significant step in identification of the seizure sources. The solution to this important question has been investigated in this paper. For this, we have exploited the morphology of these spike-type events, as well as the variability in their temporal locations, to develop new constraints for an adaptive Bayesian beamformer that outperforms the conventional and recently proposed beamformers even for identifying correlated sources. This beamformer is applied to an array (a.k.a mat) of cortical EEG electrodes. The developed approach has been tested on 300 data segments from five epileptic patients included in this study, which clinically represent a large population of candidates for surgical treatment. As the significant outcome of applying this beamformer, it is very likely (if not certain) that for an epileptic subject, the IEDs and DRs originate from the same location in the brain. This paves the way for a quick identification of the source(s) of seizure in the brain.
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- 2024
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38. Causal message-passing for experiments with unknown and general network interference.
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Shirani S and Bayati M
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Randomized experiments are a powerful methodology for data-driven evaluation of decisions or interventions. Yet, their validity may be undermined by network interference. This occurs when the treatment of one unit impacts not only its outcome but also that of connected units, biasing traditional treatment effect estimations. Our study introduces a framework to accommodate complex and unknown network interference, moving beyond specialized models in the existing literature. Our framework, termed causal message-passing, is grounded in high-dimensional approximate message-passing methodology. It is tailored for multiperiod experiments and is particularly effective in settings with many units and prevalent network interference. The framework models causal effects as a dynamic process where a treated unit's impact propagates through the network via neighboring units until equilibrium is reached. This approach allows us to approximate the dynamics of potential outcomes over time, enabling the extraction of valuable information before treatment effects reach equilibrium. Utilizing causal message-passing, we introduce a practical algorithm to estimate the total treatment effect, defined as the impact observed when all units are treated compared to the scenario where no unit receives treatment. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach across five numerical scenarios, each characterized by a distinct interference structure., Competing Interests: Competing interests statement:The authors declare no competing interest.
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- 2024
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39. Formulation of Common Spatial Patterns for Multi-Task Hyperscanning BCI.
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Falcon-Caro A, Shirani S, Ferreira JF, Bird JJ, and Sanei S
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- Humans, Algorithms, Adult, Male, Female, Brain physiology, Brain-Computer Interfaces, Electroencephalography methods, Support Vector Machine, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
- Abstract
This work proposes a new formulation for common spatial patterns (CSP), often used as a powerful feature extraction technique in brain-computer interfacing (BCI) and other neurological studies. In this approach, applied to multiple subjects' data and named as hyperCSP, the individual covariance and mutual correlation matrices between multiple simultaneously recorded subjects' electroencephalograms are exploited in the CSP formulation. This method aims at effectively isolating the common motor task between multiple heads and alleviate the effects of other spurious or undesired tasks inherently or intentionally performed by the subjects. This technique can provide a satisfactory classification performance while using small data size and low computational complexity. By using the proposed hyperCSP followed by support vector machines classifier, we obtained a classification accuracy of 81.82% over 8 trials in the presence of strong undesired tasks. We hope that this method could reduce the training error in multi-task BCI scenarios. The recorded valuable motor-related hyperscanning dataset is available for public use to promote the research in this area.
- Published
- 2024
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40. Enhanced Myocardial Tissue Visualization: A Comparative Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Study of Gradient-Spin Echo-STIR and Conventional STIR Imaging.
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Dehghani S, Shirani S, and Jazayeri Gharebagh E
- Abstract
Purpose: This study is aimed at evaluating the efficacy of the gradient-spin echo- (GraSE-) based short tau inversion recovery (STIR) sequence (GraSE-STIR) in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging compared to the conventional turbo spin echo- (TSE-) based STIR sequence, specifically focusing on image quality, specific absorption rate (SAR), and image acquisition time., Methods: In a prospective study, we examined forty-four normal volunteers and seventeen patients referred for CMR imaging using conventional STIR and GraSE-STIR techniques. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), image quality, T
2 signal intensity (SI) ratio, SAR, and image acquisition time were compared between both sequences., Results: GraSE-STIR showed significant improvements in image quality (4.15 ± 0.8 vs. 3.34 ± 0.9, p = 0.024) and cardiac motion artifact reduction (7 vs. 18 out of 53, p = 0.038) compared to conventional STIR. Furthermore, the acquisition time (27.17 ± 3.53 vs. 36.9 ± 4.08 seconds, p = 0.041) and the local torso SAR (<13% vs. <17%, p = 0.047) were significantly lower for GraSE-STIR compared to conventional STIR in short-axis plan. However, no significant differences were shown in T2 SI ratio ( p = 0.141), SNR ( p = 0.093), CNR ( p = 0.068), and SAR ( p = 0.071) between these two sequences., Conclusions: GraSE-STIR offers notable advantages over conventional STIR sequence, with improved image quality, reduced motion artifacts, and shorter acquisition times. These findings highlight the potential of GraSE-STIR as a valuable technique for routine clinical CMR imaging., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Sadegh Dehghani et al.)- Published
- 2024
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41. Predictive factors of thoracic aortic calcification in patients candidate for cardiac surgery.
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Bagheri A, Shirani S, Jalali A, Salehbeigi S, and Bagheri J
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- Humans, Risk Factors, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Aorta, Thoracic diagnostic imaging, Aorta, Thoracic surgery, Opium Dependence complications, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Diabetes Mellitus, Aortic Diseases diagnostic imaging, Aortic Diseases surgery, Aortic Diseases complications
- Abstract
Background: The presence of the severe thoracic aortic calcification (TAC) in cardiac surgery patients is associated with adverse post-operative outcome. However, the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and aortic plaque burden remains unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the predictive factors of TAC in patients candidate for cardiac surgery., Methods: Patients who underwent thoracic CT scan prior to cardiac surgery between August 2020 to April 2021 were included. Of 556 patients, 209 (36.7%) had a thoracic aortic calcium score (TACS) ≥ 400 mm [3] and were compare with the remaining patients. Predictors of severe TAC were assessed through stepwise multivariable logistic regression analysis., Results: The patients with TACS ≥ 400 had a higher mean age (67.3 ± 7.1 vs. 55.7 ± 10.6; p < 0.001) with a higher frequency of diabetes mellitus (40.7% vs. 30.8%; p = 0.018), dyslipidemia (49.8% vs. 38.6%; p = 0.010), hypertension (60.8% vs. 44.7%; p < 0.001), opium addiction (18.2% vs. 11.2%; p = 0.023), peripheral vascular disease (PVD) (7.7% vs. 2.3%; p = 0.005) as compared with TACS < 400. The multiple determinants of TAC were PVD (OR = 2.86) followed by opium addiction, diabetes and age., Conclusions: Thoracic CT scan prior to cardiac surgery for patients with older age, diabetes, opium addiction and PVD is recommended. Our study could serve as a foundation for future research endeavors aimed at establishing a risk score for TAC., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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42. Editorial: Sugar reduction strategies in foods: sensory, nutritional and safety evaluation.
- Author
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Mahato DK, Magriplis E, Sharma N, and Gamlath S
- Abstract
Competing Interests: NS was employed by WRI India. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision.
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- 2024
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43. Short and mid-term outcomes of valve-sparing, aortic root reimplantation (David's procedure).
- Author
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Salehi Omran A, Aeen A, Nayebirad S, Vakili-Basir A, Najafi MS, Mohseni-Badalabadi R, Shirani S, Zoroufian A, Jalali A, Mostafanejad FA, and Sahebjam M
- Subjects
- Male, Humans, Female, Adult, Middle Aged, Aged, Aorta, Thoracic surgery, Retrospective Studies, Treatment Outcome, Aortic Valve surgery, Replantation, Aortic Valve Insufficiency surgery, Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation methods
- Abstract
Background: In the current study, we aimed to report the short- and mid-term outcomes of patients undergoing valve-sparing aortic root reimplantation (VSARR) and our center's experience with the procedure., Methods: Forty patients with aortic root aneurysms underwent VSARR at our center from 2010 until 2022. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of these patients and extracted the relevant data. After carefully examining the aortic valve, the surgeon decided to perform Bentall or David's procedure during the operation., Results: The study population comprised 31 (77.5%) men and nine (22.5%) women, with a mean age of 55.35 ± 15.40. One patient developed hemodynamic instability post-surgery in the hospital and died from multi-organ failure. Another patient had severe AI in the intraoperative echocardiography, and aortic valve replacement with a prosthetic graft was performed during the same operation. In pre-operation echocardiography, 25 (62.5%) patients had severe, nine (22.5%) had moderate, and six (15%) had mild AI. In the in-hospital post-operation follow-up echo, AI was improved, and no patients had severe AI (P < 0.001). Only eight patients had moderate AI in post-one-year follow-up echo exams, while the rest had mild AI., Conclusion: David's procedure showed excellent mid-term results in our center, with only one in-hospital mortality., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
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44. Emerging Roles of SPT5 in Transcription.
- Author
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Pandey V, Punniyamoorthy S, and Pokharel YR
- Subjects
- Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone metabolism, Saccharomyces cerevisiae genetics, Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolism, Transcriptional Elongation Factors genetics, Transcriptional Elongation Factors metabolism, Transcription, Genetic, Nuclear Proteins metabolism, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
Suppressor of Ty homolog-5 (SPT5) discovered in the yeast mutant screens as a suppressor of mutation caused by the insertion of the Transposons of yeast (Ty) element along with SPT4, with which it forms a holoenzyme complex known as DRB sensitivity-inducing factor (DSIF) and plays an essential role in the regulation of transcription. SPT5 is a highly conserved protein across all three domains of life and performs critical functions in transcription, starting from promoter-proximal pausing to termination. We also highlight the emerging role of SPT5 in other non-canonical functions, such as the regulation of post-translational modifications (PTM) and the transcriptional regulation of non-coding genes. Also, in brief, we highlight the clinical implications of SPT5 dysregulation., Competing Interests: No conflicts of interest exist, according to the authors., (© Copyright by the Author(s). Published by Cell Physiol Biochem Press.)
- Published
- 2023
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45. Localization of Epileptic Brain Responses to Single-Pulse Electrical Stimulation by Developing an Adaptive Iterative Linearly Constrained Minimum Variance Beamformer.
- Author
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Shirani S, Valentin A, Abdi-Sargezeh B, Alarcon G, and Sanei S
- Subjects
- Humans, Brain physiology, Electroencephalography methods, Brain Mapping methods, Electric Stimulation methods, Epilepsy, Drug Resistant Epilepsy therapy
- Abstract
Delayed responses (DRs) to single pulse electrical stimulation (SPES) in patients with severe refractory epilepsy, from their intracranial recordings, can help to identify regions associated with epileptogenicity. Automatic DR localization is a large step in speeding up the identification of epileptogenic focus. Here, for the first time, an adaptive iterative linearly constrained minimum variance beamformer (AI-LCMV) is developed and employed to localize the DR sources from intracranial electroencephalogram (EEG) recorded using subdural electrodes. The prime objective here is to accurately localize the regions for the corresponding DRs using an adaptive localization method that exploits the morphology of DRs as the desired sources. The traditional closed-form linearly constrained minimum variance (CF-LCMV) solution is meant for tracking the sources with dominating power. Here, by incorporating the morphology of DRs, as a constraint, to an iterative linearly constrained minimum variance (LCMV) solution, the array of subdural electrodes is used to localize the low-power DRs, some not even visible in any of the electrode signals. The results from the cases included in this study also indicate more distinctive locations compared to those achievable by conventional beamformers. Most importantly, the proposed AI-LCMV is able to localize the DRs invisible over other electrodes.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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46. Dietary inflammatory index in relation to severe coronary artery disease in Iranian adults.
- Author
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Dadaei Z, Bagherniya M, Sadeghi O, Khosravi A, Shirani S, and Askari G
- Abstract
Background: Limited findings are available on the relationship between dietary inflammation index (DII) and severe coronary artery disease (CAD). Considering the high prevalence of CAD and its complications, we examined the relationship between DII and CAD., Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 275 adults who underwent elective angiography. Severe coronary artery disease was measured by the gensini scoring system. DII was measured by a valid semi-quantitative 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Blood samples were collected after 12 h of fasting to measure serum lipid profile and quantitative C-reactive protein (q-CRP) levels. Binary logistic regression was used to calculate the odds (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI)., Results: People in the last tertile of the DII had a higher chance of suffering from severe coronary artery disease (OR: 3.71; 95% CI: 1.97-6.98), hypercholesterolemia (OR: 2.73; 95% CI: 5.03-1.48), reduced HDL-cholesterol levels (OR: 3.77; 95% CI: 9.34-1.52), and hypertension (OR: 1.93; 95% CI: 3.49-1.06) compared to people in the first tertile. After adjusting for confounding factors, the relationship remained significant. A direct and significant relationship was observed between the DII and increased q-CRP levels, which disappeared after adjusting for confounding factors in the adjusted model (OR: 2.02; 95% CI: 0.86-4.73)., Conclusion: This cross-sectional study showed a direct and linear relationship between following an anti-inflammatory diet and decreasing the chance of severe CAD. Therefore, it seems necessary to implement community-based educational programs to promote healthy nutrition in order to prevent CADs., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Dadaei, Bagherniya, Sadeghi, Khosravi, Shirani and Askari.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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47. Response to the Discussion on S. Shirani, A. Valentin, G. Alarcon, F. Kazi and S. Sanei, Separating Inhibitory and Excitatory Responses of Epileptic Brain to Single-Pulse Electrical Stimulation, International Journal of Neural Systems, Vol. 33, No. 2 (2023) 2350008.
- Author
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Shirani S, Valentin A, Alarcon G, Kazi F, and Sanei S
- Subjects
- Humans, Electroencephalography, Brain, Electric Stimulation, Epilepsy therapy
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. The relationship between ultra processed food consumption and premature coronary artery disease: Iran premature coronary artery disease study (IPAD).
- Author
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Ansari S, Mohammadifard N, Haghighatdoost F, Zarepur E, Mahmoudi S, Nouri F, Nouhi F, Alikhasi H, Sharifianjazi F, Tavamaishvili K, Shirani S, Kazemi T, Azdaki N, Salehi N, Lotfizadeh M, Solati K, Ghaffari S, Javanmardi E, Salari A, Dehghani M, Cheraghi M, Assareh A, Haybar H, Namayandeh SM, Madadi R, and Sarrafzadegan N
- Abstract
Background: Ultra-processed foods (UPF) consumption may affect the risk of PCAD through affecting cardio metabolic risk factors. This study aimed to evaluate the association between UPFs consumption and premature coronary artery disease (PCAD)., Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 2,354 Iranian adults (≥ 19 years). Dietary intake was assessed using a validated 110-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and foods were classified based on the NOVA system, which groups all foods according to the nature, extent and purposes of the industrial processes they undergo. PCAD was defined as having an stenosis of at least single coronary artery equal and above 75% or left main coronary of equal or more than 50% in women less than 70 and men less than 60 years, determined by angiography. The odds of PCAD across the tertiles of UPFs consumption were assessed by binary logistic regression., Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, participants in the top tertile of UPFs were twice as likely to have PCAD compared with those in the bottom tertile (OR: 2.52; 95% CI: 1.97-3.23). Moreover, those in the highest tertile of the UPFs consumption had more than two times higher risk for having severe PCAD than those in the first tertile (OR: 2.64; 95% CI: 2.16-3.22). In addition, there was a significant upward trend in PCAD risk and PCAD severity as tertiles increased (P-trend < 0.001 for all models)., Conclusion: Higher consumption of UPFs was related to increased risk of PCAD and higher chance of having severe PCAD in Iranian adults. Although, future cohort studies are needed to confirm the results of this study, these findings indicated the necessity of reducing UPFs intake., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Ansari, Mohammadifard, Haghighatdoost, Zarepur, Mahmoudi, Nouri, Nouhi, Alikhasi, Sharifianjazi, Tavamaishvili, Shirani, Kazemi, Azdaki, Salehi, Lotfizadeh, Solati, Ghaffari, Javanmardi, Salari, Dehghani, Cheraghi, Assareh, Haybar, Namayandeh, Madadi and Sarrafzadegan.)
- Published
- 2023
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49. Trends in the burden and determinants of hypertensive heart disease in the Eastern Mediterranean region, 1990-2019: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.
- Author
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Mansouri A, Khosravi A, Mehrabani-Zeinabad K, Kopec JA, Adawi KII, Lui M, Abdul Rahim HF, Anwar W, Fadhil I, Sulaiman K, Bazargani N, Saade G, Farhan HA, AlMahmeed W, Bokhari SS, Hassen N, Alandejani A, Shirani S, Abdin A, Manla Y, Johnson C, Stark B, Roth GA, Mokdad AH, Shariful Islam SM, and Sarrafzadegan N
- Abstract
Background: Hypertensive heart disease (HHD), one of the end-organ damage consequences of hypertension, is an important public health issue worldwide. Data on the HHD burden in the Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR) are scarce. We aimed to investigate the burden of HHD in the EMR, its member countries, and globally from 1990 to 2019., Methods: We used 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data to report the HHD age-standardised prevalence, disability adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life lost (YLLs), and mortality, as well as HHD risk factors attribution percent with their 95% uncertainty interval (UI). Global data are reported alongside EMR data, and its 22 respective countries. We compared the burden of HHD by socio-demographic index (SDI), sex, age groups, and countries., Findings: The age-standardised prevalence rate (per 100,000 population) of HHD was higher in the EMR (281.7; 95% UI: 204.5-383.4) in 2019, compared with the global prevalence (233.8; 95% UI: 170.5-312.9). The EMR age-standardised DALYs (per 100,000 population) for HHD in 2019 was 561.9 (361.0-704.1), compared with 268.2 (204.6-298.1) at the global level. There was an increase in HHD prevalence, reduction in mortality, and DALYs between 1990 and 2019 (4.01%, -7.6%, and -6.5%, respectively) in EMR. Among EMR countries, the highest versus lowest rates of age-standardised prevalence, mortality, and DALYs in 2019 [estimate (95% UI)] were in Jordan [561.62 (417.9-747.6)] versus Saudi Arabia [94.9 (69.5-129.0)]; Afghanistan [74.5 (23.7-112.3)] versus Saudi Arabia [4.3 (3.3-5.9)]; and Afghanistan [1374.1 (467.2-2020.7)] versus Qatar [87.11 (64.40-114.29)], respectively., Interpretation: HHD remains a significant problem in the EMR, with a higher burden than global levels. Serious efforts toward high-quality management and prevention are strongly recommended. Based on this study, our recommendation for the EMR is to adopt effective preventive strategies. For example, promoting healthy dietary patterns and prompt screening for undiagnosed HTN in public places, promoting regular blood pressure measurements at home, and creating community awareness about early detection of HTN., Funding: None., Competing Interests: We declare no competing interests., (© 2023 The Authors.)
- Published
- 2023
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50. 4D nanoimaging of early age cement hydration.
- Author
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Shirani S, Cuesta A, Morales-Cantero A, Santacruz I, Diaz A, Trtik P, Holler M, Rack A, Lukic B, Brun E, Salcedo IR, and Aranda MAG
- Abstract
Despite a century of research, our understanding of cement dissolution and precipitation processes at early ages is very limited. This is due to the lack of methods that can image these processes with enough spatial resolution, contrast and field of view. Here, we adapt near-field ptychographic nanotomography to in situ visualise the hydration of commercial Portland cement in a record-thick capillary. At 19 h, porous C-S-H gel shell, thickness of 500 nm, covers every alite grain enclosing a water gap. The spatial dissolution rate of small alite grains in the acceleration period, ∼100 nm/h, is approximately four times faster than that of large alite grains in the deceleration stage, ∼25 nm/h. Etch-pit development has also been mapped out. This work is complemented by laboratory and synchrotron microtomographies, allowing to measure the particle size distributions with time. 4D nanoimaging will allow mechanistically study dissolution-precipitation processes including the roles of accelerators and superplasticizers., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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