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6. Plasma zinc and immune markers in runners in response to a moderate increase in training volume

Author

Hopman, M. T. E., Sherman, W. M., Peake, J. M., Gerrard, D. F., Griffin, J. F. T., Hopman, M. T. E., Sherman, W. M., Peake, J. M., Gerrard, D. F., and Griffin, J. F. T.

Abstract

Changes in plasma zinc concentration and markers of immune function were examined in a group of 10 male runners (n = 10) following a moderate increase in training over four weeks. Seven sedentary males acted as controls. Fasting blood samples were taken at rest, before (T0) and after T4) four weeks of increased (+ 16 %) training and after two weeks of reduced (- 31 %) training (W. Blood was analysed for plasma zinc concentration, differential leucocyte counts, lymphocyte subpopulations and lymphocyte proliferation using incorporation of H-3-thymidine. The runners increased their training volume by 16 % over the four weeks. When compared with the nonathletes, the runners had lower concentrations of plasma zinc (p = 0.012), CD3(+) (p = 0.042) and CD19(+) lymphocytes (p = 0.010) over the four weeks. Lymphocyte proliferation in response to Concanavalin A stimulation was greater in the runners (p = 0.0090). Plasma zinc concentration and immune markers remained constant during the study. Plasma zinc concentration correlated with total leucocyte counts in the athletes at T6 (r = -0.72, p < 0.05) and with Pokeweed mitogen stimulation in the nonathletes at T6 (r = -0.92, p < 0.05). Therefore, athletes are unlikely to benefit from zinc supplementation during periods of moderately increased training volume.

Published
2003

49. Effect of strength training on glucose tolerance and postglucose insulin response

Author

MILLER, WJ., SHERMAN, W. M., and IVY, J. L.

Abstract

MILLER, WJ., W.M. SHERMAN, and J.L. IVY. Effect of strength training on glucose tolerance and post-glucose insulin response. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 16, No. 6, pp. 539–543, 1984. The effect of muscle strength training on glucose tolerance and the insulin response after glucose feeding was investigated in eight healthy male subjects. Glucose tolerance and the associated insulin response was assessed using a standard 100-g oral glucose load before and after a supervised 10-wk high-resistance, isotonic weight-lifting program. Blood samples were drawn before and at 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 min after ingestion of glucose. Areas under the glucose and insulin curves were used to determine differences between treatments. Muscle strength training increased body weight 3.7 and lean body mass by 3.5, but had no effect on fat mass as determined by hydrostatic weighing. Glucose tolerance was not changed by the training program. However, a significant reduction in the basal plasma insulin concentration (37.5) and the area under the insulin response curve (18.0) was found (P< 0.05). This reduction in the insulin response was significantly correlated (r=0.89; P< 0.05) with the increase in lean body mass. These results suggest that the increased muscle mass resulting from strength training was responsible for the attenuated insulin response to a standard 100-g oral glucose challenge.

Published
1984

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