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31. Power Analysis R markdown from Does a complex life cycle affect adaptation to environmental change? Genome-informed insights for characterizing selection across complex life cycle

Author

Albecker, Molly A., Wilkins, Laetitia G. E., Krueger-Hadfield, Stacy A., Bashevkin, Samuel M., Hahn, Matthew W., Hare, Matthew P., Kindsvater, Holly K., Sewell, Mary A., Lotterhos, Katie E., and Reitzel, Adam M.

Abstract

Demonstration of power analysis and associated R code.

Published
2021
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32. Supplemental Materials from Does a complex life cycle affect adaptation to environmental change? Genome-informed insights for characterizing selection across complex life cycle

Author

Albecker, Molly A., Wilkins, Laetitia G. E., Krueger-Hadfield, Stacy A., Bashevkin, Samuel M., Hahn, Matthew W., Hare, Matthew P., Kindsvater, Holly K., Sewell, Mary A., Lotterhos, Katie E., and Reitzel, Adam M.

Subjects
Software_PROGRAMMINGLANGUAGES, Hardware_CONTROLSTRUCTURESANDMICROPROGRAMMING
Abstract

Compilation of all supplemental materials and tables.

Published
2021
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34. Maternal provisioning in Ophionereis fasciata and O. schayeri: brittle stars with contrasting modes of development

Author

Falkner, Inke, Byrne, Maria, and Sewell, Mary A.

Subjects
Research, Animal development -- Research, Eggs (Biology) -- Research, Brittle stars -- Research, Ophiuroidea -- Research, Egg (Biology) -- Research
Abstract

Investigations into the significance of egg size and energy content to development and larval ecology have generated numerous comparative, energetic, and modeling studies, many of which focus on echinoderms (1-5). [...], Evolutionary change from planktotrophic to lecithotrophic development in echinoderms is closely tied to an increase in maternal provisioning. We provide the first data on the major energetic constituents in the eggs of two ophiuroids, the planktotroph Ophionereis fasciata (egg diameter 103 µm) and the lecithotroph O. schayeri (egg diameter 248 µm), to document changes in maternal investment associated with the switch to lecithotrophy in O. schayeri. Lipid classes in the eggs of the two species did not differ except for the presence of small amounts of wax esters in the eggs of O. schayeri. Production of a large egg in O. schayeri is mostly due to enhanced deposition of one energy-storage lipid, triglyceride. The eggs of O. schayeri are not simply scaled-up versions of the ancestral-type eggs of O. fasciata. The relationship between lipid and protein content and egg volume conformed to the relationship previously established for echinoderm eggs. Surprisingly, total lipid and protein data for the eggs of O. schayeri grouped with data for the eggs of planktotrophic echinoderms. The eggs of O. schayeri are small compared with those of other echinoderms with lecithotrophic development, and their energetic contents may approach the minimum provisions necessary to permit development without feeding.

Published
2006

35. C-Reactive Protein as a Prognostic Marker After Lacunar Stroke: Levels of Inflammatory Markers in the Treatment of Stroke Study

Author

Elkind, Mitchell S.V., Luna, Jorge M., McClure, Leslie A., Zhang, Yu, Coffey, Christopher S., Roldan, Ana, Del Brutto, Oscar H., Pretell, Edwin Javier, Pettigrew, L. Creed, Meyer, Brett C., Tapia, Jorge, White, Carole, Benavente, Oscar R., Pettigrew, Creed, Vaishnav, Anand, Sawaya, Peter, Fowler, Anna, Hughes, Nedda, Rice, Johnya, Vanderpool, Kathy, Meyer, Brett, Jackson, Christy, Gamble, Paul, Kelly, Nancy, Warner, Janet, Bell, Jo, Meissner, Irene, Graves, John, Herzig, Deb, Covalt, Jody, Cruz-Flores, Salvador, Walden, H. Douglas, Holzemer, Eve, Coull, Bruce, Howard, Lien, Malekniazi, Mina, VanSkiver, Melissa, Bruck, Denise, Redman, Stacey, Hanna, Joseph, Zipp, Thomas, Bailey, Scott, Cook, Dana, Liskay, Alice, Simcox, Dana, Kappler, Joan, Demaerschalk, Bart, Hogan, Michael, Wochos, Daniel, Wieser, Judith, Cleary, Barbara, Wood, Lori, Katramados, Angelo, Silver, Brian, Yee, Jerry, Aiello, Krisy, Wilson, Kathleen, McCarthy, Sharon, Kase, Carlos, Gavras, Irene, Lau, Helena, Ogrodnik, Matt, Allen, Nancy, Anderson, David, Grimm, Richard, Brauer, Donna, Naritoku, Dean, Zweifler, Richard, Culpepper, Michael, Parnell, Mel, Yunker, Robin, Boots, Kelly, Drinkard, Renay, Backlin, Rachel, Elkind, Mitch, Crew, Russell John, Radhakrishan, Jai, Corporan, Tania E., Diaz, Julisa, Aragon, Rebeca, Benavente, Oscar, Hart, Robert, Pergola, Pablo, Palacio, Santiago, Castro, Irma, Farias, Arlene, Roldan, Ana, Mirsen, Tom, McAllister, Susan, Bastien, Arnaud, Niblack, Patricia, Sundararajan, Sophia, Rahman, Mahboob, Horvath, Tom, Korosec, David, Murphy, Chris, Lutsep, Helmi, Girard, Don, Seisler, Kali, Cingel, Megan, Ross, Megan, Stone, Rachel, Larsen, Darren, Doherty, Ann, Book, Diane, Eapen, Sunu, Grimm, Clarence, Blaney, Barbara, Rozman, Stephanie, Gaertner, Linda, Bradenburg, Erin, Loomis, Laura, Monarch-Cotton, Jolene, Ravavelli-Meyer, Jean, Golembieski, Anna, Romano, José, Ortiz, Gustavo, del Carmen Lichtenberger, Maria, Johnson, Mark, Liu, Yinghui, Goldsteen, Robert, Blair, April, Wright, Gregg, Gathua, Naomie, Jacoby, Michael, Jones, David, DeFrancisco, Jeffrey, Hamm, Theresa, Burgin, Scott W., Hollander, Joshua, Polashenski, Walter, Wallace, Patricia, Weber, Cheryl, Greenberg, Jason, Lennihan, Laura, King, Marjorie, Tenteromano, Laura, Pereira, Lorainne, Ching, Marilou, Sawyer, Robert, Parkes, Kathy, Conover, Cheryl, Weinberger, Jesse, Wright, Lewis, Burch, Dorothy, Benesch, Curtis, Bisognano, John, Leonhardt, Ann, Zentner, Justine, Hildreth, Molly, Karanjia, Percy, Murali, Narayana, Dart, Richard, Mancl, Kathleen, Lefkowitz, David, Pavel, Levy, Buchheimer, Nancy, Vaughn, Sara, Smith, Emily, Satterfield, Jean, Van Stavern, Renee, Brown, Angela, Serna, Jannie, Newgent, Jill, Naylor, Julie, Carpenter, Laura, Shuab, Ashfaq, Khan, Khurshid, Dean, Naeen, Herbert, Frederika, Kastelic, Karen, Atkinson, Richard, Lieberman, Roger, Carter, Teresa, Zrelak, Pat, Kenney, Nola, Logan, William, Carpenter, David, Schroer, Sally, Berger, Leo, Brunet, Sylvain, Pontbriand, Johanne, Mainville, Martine, Racicot, Denise, Côté, Robert, Green, Laurence, Wadup, Lisa, Fontaine, Anne-Marie, Tapia, Jorge, Godoy, Ivan Esteban, Valdes, Marcela, Matamala, Gonzalo, Goecke, Helmut, Parra, Marcela, Pozo, Jessica, del Brutto, Oscar, Santibáñez, Rocio, Lara, Joffre, Zambrano, Mauricio, Ruiz Sandoval, José Luis, Vásquez, Eduardo Salcido, Ruiz, Carmen, Arauz, Antonio, Cervantes, G. Amin, Leyva, Adolfo, Camacho, Itzel, Pretell, Edwin Javier, Valdivia, José, Pretell, Marissa, Leal, Joaquín Serena, Castellanos, Mar, Cruz, Verónica, Cepeda, Mercè, Arboix, Adrià, Pelegrí, Antoni, Blanco, Lorena, Borrego, Francisco Rubio, Gudiol, Francisco, Gomis, Meritxell, Arenillas, Juan, Dávalos, Antonio, Suñol, Ana, Reverté, Silvia, Roquer, Jaume, Serrano, Ana Oliveras, Conde, Jordi Jiménez, Rodríguez, Ana, Romeral, Gemma, Sánchez, José Castillo, González, Miguel Blanco, Rodríguez, Manuel, Jiménez, Isabel, Rodríguez, Jaime, McClure, Leslie, Coffey, Christopher, Szychowski, Jeff, Howard, George, Katholi, Charles, Zhang, Yu, Peri, Kalyani, Allcorn, Charles, Mailhot, Richard, Irby, Lisa, Guyton, Fekisha, Sewell, Mary Jo, Benavente, Oscar, Hart, Robert, Pergola, Pablo, Roldan, Ana, Benavente, Marie-France, White, Carole, Robu, Camilla, Kelly, Che, Talbert, Robert, Martinez, Eduardo, Bazan, Carlos, Pergola, Gabriela, Pearce, Lesly, Costello, Raymond, Jacova, Claudia, Camelia, Luisa, Mendoza, Crystal, Pratt, Brandy, Holliday, Steve, Elkind, Mitchell S.V., and Luna, Jorge

Published
2014
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38. Long-term study of the combined effects of ocean acidification and warming on the mottled brittle star, Ophionereis fasciata

Author

Márquez-Borrás, Francisco and Sewell, Mary A.

Abstract

The global ocean is rapidly changing, posing a substantial threat to the viability of marine populations due to the co-occurrence of multiple drivers, such as ocean warming (OW) and ocean acidification (OA). To persist, marine species must undergo some combination of acclimation and adaptation in response to these changes. Understanding such responses is essential to measure and project the magnitude and direction of current and future vulnerabilities in marine ecosystems. Echinoderms have been recognised as a model in studies of OW–OA effects on marine biota. However, despite their global diversity, vulnerability and ecological importance in most marine habitats, brittle stars (ophiuroids) are poorly studied. A long-term mesocosm experiment was conducted on adult mottled brittle star (Ophionereis fasciata) as a case study to investigate the physiological response and trade-offs of marine organisms to ocean acidification, ocean warming and the combined effect of these two drivers. Long-term exposure of O. fasciata to high temperature and low pH affected survival, respiration and regeneration rates, growth rate, calcification/dissolution and righting response. Higher temperatures increased stress and respiration, and decreased regeneration and growth rates as well as survival. Conversely, changes in pH had more subtle or no effect, affecting only respiration and calcification. Our results indicate that exposure to a combination of high temperature and low pH produces complex responses for respiration, righting response and calcification. We address the knowledge gap of the impact of a changing ocean on ophiuroids in the context of echinoderm studies, proposing this class as an ideal alternative echinoderm for future research.

Published
2024
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40. Rotavirus NSP4 is secreted from infected cells as an oligomeric lipoprotein and binds to glycosaminoglycans on the surface of non-infected cells

Author

Didsbury Alicia, Wang Carol, Verdon Daniel, Sewell Mary A, McIntosh Julie D, and Taylor John A

Subjects
Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Background Nonstructural glycoprotein 4 (NSP4) encoded by rotavirus is the only viral protein currently believed to function as an enterotoxin. NSP4 is synthesized as an intracellular transmembrane glycoprotein and as such is essential for virus assembly. Infection of polarized Caco-2 cells with rotavirus also results in the secretion of glycosylated NSP4 apparently in a soluble form despite retention of its transmembrane domain. We have examined the structure, solubility and cell-binding properties of this secreted form of NSP4 to further understand the biochemical basis for its enterotoxic function. We show here that NSP4 is secreted as discrete detergent-sensitive oligomers in a complex with phospholipids and demonstrate that this secreted form of NSP4 can bind to glycosaminoglycans present on the surface of a range of different cell types. Methods NSP4 was purified from the medium of infected cells after ultracentrifugation and ultrafiltration by successive lectin-affinity and ion exchange chromatography. Oligomerisation of NSP4 was examined by density gradient centrifugation and chemical crosslinking and the lipid content was assessed by analytical thin layer chromatography and flame ionization detection. Binding of NSP4 to various cell lines was measured using a flow cytometric-based assay. Results Secreted NSP4 formed oligomers that contained phospholipid but dissociated to a dimeric species in the presence of non-ionic detergent. The purified glycoprotein binds to the surface of various non-infected cells of distinct lineage. Binding of NSP4 to HT-29, a cell line of intestinal origin, is saturable and independent of divalent cations. Complementary biochemical approaches reveal that NSP4 binds to sulfated glycosaminoglycans on the plasma membrane. Conclusion Our study is the first to analyze an authentic (i.e. non-recombinant) form of NSP4 that is secreted from virus-infected cells. Despite retention of the transmembrane domain, secreted NSP4 remains soluble in an aqueous environment as an oligomeric lipoprotein that can bind to various cell types via an interaction with glycosaminoglycans. This broad cellular tropism exhibited by NSP4 may have implications for the pathophysiology of rotavirus disease.

Published
2011
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45. Ocean acidification in New Zealand waters: trends and impacts

Author

Law, Cliff S., primary, Bell, James J., additional, Bostock, Helen C., additional, Cornwall, Chris E., additional, Cummings, Vonda J., additional, Currie, Kim, additional, Davy, Simon K., additional, Gammon, Malindi, additional, Hepburn, Christopher D., additional, Hurd, Catriona L., additional, Lamare, Miles, additional, Mikaloff-Fletcher, Sara E., additional, Nelson, Wendy A., additional, Parsons, Darren M., additional, Ragg, Norman L. C., additional, Sewell, Mary A., additional, Smith, Abigail M., additional, and Tracey, Dianne M., additional

Published
2017
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47. Can we predict ectotherm responses to climate change using thermal performance curves and body temperatures?

Author

Sinclair, Brent J., primary, Marshall, Katie E., additional, Sewell, Mary A., additional, Levesque, Danielle L., additional, Willett, Christopher S., additional, Slotsbo, Stine, additional, Dong, Yunwei, additional, Harley, Christopher D. G., additional, Marshall, David J., additional, Helmuth, Brian S., additional, and Huey, Raymond B., additional

Published
2016
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49. Ocean acidification in New Zealand waters: trends and impacts.

Author

Law, Cliff S., Bell, James J., Bostock, Helen C., Cornwall, Chris E., Cummings, Vonda J., Currie, Kim, Davy, Simon K., Gammon, Malindi, Hepburn, Christopher D., Hurd, Catriona L., Lamare, Miles, Mikaloff-Fletcher, Sara E., Nelson, Wendy A., Parsons, Darren M., Ragg, Norman L. C., Sewell, Mary A., Smith, Abigail M., and Tracey, Dianne M.

Subjects
OCEAN acidification, HYDROGEN ion concentration in water, MARINE ecology
Abstract

The threat posed by ocean acidification (OA) to the diversity and productivity of New Zealand marine ecosystems is assessed in a synthesis of published trends and impacts. A 20-year time series in Subantarctic water, and a national coastal monitoring programme, provide insight into pH variability, and context for experimental design, modelling and projections. A review of the potential impact of changes in the carbonate system on the major phyla in New Zealand waters confirms international observations that calcifying organisms, and particularly their early life-history stages, are vulnerable. The synthesis considers ecosystem and socio-economic impacts, and identifies current knowledge gaps and future research directions, including mechanistic studies of OA sensitivity. Advanced ecosystem models of OA, that incorporate the indirect effects of OA and interactions with other climate stressors, are required for robust projection of the future status of New Zealand marine ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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50. Repeated measurement of Mo 2 in small aquatic organisms: a manual intermittent flow respirometer using off-the-shelf components.

Author

Baker, Daniel W., Hudson, Michael E., Frost, Emily J., and Sewell, Mary A.

Abstract

Measurement of rates of oxygen consumption ( Mo2) in small aquatic embryos or larvae (<1 mm) in response to altered environmental conditions has traditionally been challenging. Here, using modifications of a commercially available fluorescent optode flow-through cell (FTC; PreSens FTC-PSt3) and routine laboratory supplies (syringes, stopcocks, tubing), we have constructed a manual intermittent flow respirometer (MIFR) that allows measurement of Mo2 in small numbers of individuals when sequentially exposed to different environmental conditions (e.g., changes in seawater pH) through a gravity-driven media replacement perfusion system. We first show that the FTC can be used in "static" mode while incubating small numbers of embryos/larvae contained within the planar oxygen sensor (POS) chamber with Nitex filters. We then demonstrate the use of the MIFR by exposing larval echinoderms ( Fellaster zelandiae, Evechinus chloroticus, and Centrostephanus rodgersii) to seawater equilibrated with elevated CO2 and measured Mo2 during acute and chronic exposure to hypercapnia. This MIFR method will allow investigators to address questions regarding the respiratory physiology of small aquatic animals, such as the thresholds for metabolic depression in embryonic and larval forms. NEW & NOTEWORTHY A manual intermittent flow respirometer (MIFR), allowing media exchange in a flow-through cell containing small aquatic organisms, permits repeated measurement of Mo2 of individuals not only in a single medium (e.g., technical replication), but also in different media (here, high CO2-equilibrated seawater), enabling measurement of acute physiological responses to changed conditions. This versatile technique has wide-ranging implications for the study of the Mo2 response of aquatic organisms in the face of climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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