1. Migrating Platelets Are Mechano-scavengers that Collect and Bundle Bacteria
- Author
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Rainer Haas, Goekce Yavuz, Sebastian Helmer, Michael Mederos y Schnitzler, Bianca Striednig, Admar Verschoor, Gerhild Rosenberger, Leo Nicolai, Michael Lorenz, Irene Schubert, Konstantin Stark, Manja Luckner, Alexandre P. Benechet, Steffen Massberg, Michael Sixt, Marek Janko, Hellen Ishikawa-Ankerhold, Catherine Léon, Thomas Gudermann, Sue Chandraratne, Matteo Iannacone, Christian Gachet, Benjamin Busch, Zerkah Ahmad, Roman Hennel, Kirsten Lauber, Florian Gaertner, Ralph T. Böttcher, Gerhard Wanner, Shuxia Fan, Zachary Pincus, Gaertner, F., Ahmad, Z., Rosenberger, G., Fan, S., Nicolai, L., Busch, B., Yavuz, G., Luckner, M., Ishikawa-Ankerhold, H., Hennel, R., Benechet, A., Lorenz, M., Chandraratne, S., Schubert, I., Helmer, S., Striednig, B., Stark, K., Janko, M., Bottcher, R. T., Verschoor, A., Leon, C., Gachet, C., Gudermann, T., Mederos y Schnitzler, M., Pincus, Z., Iannacone, M., Haas, R., Wanner, G., Lauber, K., Sixt, M., and Massberg, S.
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Adhesion receptors ,Integrins ,cell migration ,Neutrophils ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,sepsis ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,neutrophils ,Cell Movement ,Platelet ,innate immunity ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Chemistry ,Cell Polarity ,NETosis ,Cell migration ,Adhesion ,Bacterial Infections ,Cell biology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,platelets ,mechanosensing ,Blood Platelets ,Motility ,Myosins ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Sepsis ,03 medical and health sciences ,Immune system ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,030304 developmental biology ,methicillin-resistant S. aureus ,Inflammation ,polarization ,Innate immune system ,Bacteria ,Neutrophil extracellular traps ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,030104 developmental biology ,Hemostasis ,host-defense ,Blood Vessels ,Calcium ,Function (biology) - Abstract
Blood platelets are critical for hemostasis and thrombosis and play diverse roles during immune responses. Despite these versatile tasks in mammalian biology, their skills on a cellular level are deemed limited, mainly consisting in rolling, adhesion, and aggregate formation. Here, we identify an unappreciated asset of platelets and show that adherent platelets use adhesion receptors to mechanically probe the adhesive substrate in their local microenvironment. When actomyosin-dependent traction forces overcome substrate resistance, platelets migrate and pile up the adhesive substrate together with any bound particulate material. They use this ability to act as cellular scavengers, scanning the vascular surface for potential invaders and collecting deposited bacteria. Microbe collection by migrating platelets boosts the activity of professional phagocytes, exacerbating inflammatory tissue injury in sepsis. This assigns platelets a central role in innate immune responses and identifies them as potential targets to dampen inflammatory tissue damage in clinical scenarios of severe systemic infection. In addition to their role in thrombosis and hemostasis, platelets can also migrate to sites of infection to help trap bacteria and clear the vascular surface.
- Published
- 2017