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Postęp techniczny związany z upowszechnieniem elektronicznej formy publikacji oraz z rozwojem Internetu, kształtującym nowy status komunikacji, w rewolucyjny sposób wpłynął na sposób uprawiania nauki. Zmiana dotknęła także metod prowadzenia badań i rozpowszechniania ich wyników w teologii. Teologia systematyczna (traktowana tu jako obszar badań z teologii funda­mentalnej, dogmatycznej i moralnej) jest specjalizacją teologiczną, która odwołuje się do wielu typów właściwych dla siebie źródeł (Biblia, nauka Kościoła, historia teologii, wiara ludu Bożego, liturgia itd.), a także rezultatów badań w innych naukach, a w końcu także wymaga uczestnictwa w toczącym się aktualnie dyskursie teologicznym. Stąd wspomniane zmiany ułatwiające dostęp do materiałów źródłowych i aktualnych publikacji mają wielkie zna­czenie dla teologa, pod warunkiem zdobycia umiejętności posługiwania się nowymi technologiami. Ze względu na wielką liczbę źródeł udostępnionych w Internecie można w krótkim opracowaniu jedynie – nie zbliżając się do kompletności prezentacji – wskazać przez pogrupowanie różne sposoby ich publikacji. W ten sposób możliwa jest ich przybliżona charakterystyka i wstępna ocena wiarygodności. Dokonany przegląd pokazuje, że wiarygodność publikacji zasadniczo jest dziedziczona od podmiotów publikujących je: stąd pierwszeństwo mają instytucje naukowe, uznane wydawnictwa, nowe podmioty ukonstytuowane w przestrzeni Internetu, o ile przedstawiają jasną politykę naukową. Równocześnie, wobec ciągle wzrastającej ilości informacji, ważna dla naukowca jest orientacja w świecie baz danych, szczególnie tych dziedzinowych, zarówno bibliograficznych, jak i pełnotekstowych. Należy za­uważyć, że niebagatelną formą rozwoju myśli teologicznej, niewykorzystaną jeszcze w wysokim stopniu przez środowisko teologiczne, jest umożliwiona w Internecie wymiana między naukowcami: bezpośrednia bądź odbywająca się za pośrednictwem wyspecjalizowanych platform. The practice of science has been revolutionised by the technical progress related to the popularisation of the electronic form of publication and the development of the global Internet network, which has shaped the new status of communication. The way research is conducted and its results disseminated in theology has changed as well. Systematic theology (here regarded as an area of studies in fundamental, dogmatic and moral theology) is a theological specialty which refers to multiple types of sources (the Bible, Church teaching, history of theology, the common Faith of the People of God, liturgy, etc.) as well as outcomes of research studies in other disciplines of science. Finally, it requires participation in the current theological discourse, hence the aforementioned changes facilitating access to source materials and current publications are of great signifi cance for theologians, provided that they acquire the ability to take advantage of modern technologies. Due to the large number of sources available on the Internet and the small scale of the study, it is only feasible to name them by grouping various ways of their publication. While this does not come close to exhausting their entire range, it is possible to characterise them approximately and assess their credibility in a preliminary manner. The review conducted shows that particular publications inherit their credibility from the entities which publish them, hence priority is given to scientifi c institutions and recognised publishers as well as new entities established already in the Internet space, provided that they pursue a clear scientifi c policy. Given the ever-increasing amount of information, it is also important for a scientist to be familiar with the world of databases, especially topical ones, both bibliographic and full-text. Moreover, the study notes that a signifi cant form of the theological thought development which has not yet been used to a great extent by the theological community is the scientific exchange on the Internet, either direct or mediated through specialised communication platforms.

Open science is based on the concept that free access to knowledge is a basic requirement for human development and that sharing and making scientific findings freely available would benefit both society and scientists. One of the key aspects of this movement is to increase research visibility within and outside of the research community. For instance, movements like Science 2.0 have contributed to creating online tools (e.g., Web 2.0 tools) that foster the collaboration among scientists and support the creation of virtual hubs in which the research process is transparent and accessible to everyone. This talk addresses the role of Open Science and Science 2.0 in the ongoing transformation of scientific communication and provides a guide to available platforms and tools that can be used to share our findings, connect with other scientists, and interact with external stakeholders.

El periodista científico es uno de los principales responsables en la cadena de transmisión e interpretación hacia la sociedad de toda noticia, novedad o avance de carácter científico. A su vez, una información científica rigurosa, comprensible y de calidad es, además, un indicador del desarrollo social. La demanda de este tipo de información crece cada día en nuestras sociedades, tanto por parte de los gobiernos como de los ciudadanos. Por este motivo, y con el objetivo de esclarecer cuál es el perfil de los periodistas científicos que deben lidiar con tal responsabilidad, cómo se han formado y cómo ellos mismos creen que deberían haber sido formados, en esta investigación analizamos los perfiles académicos (tanto el real como el ideal) de estos profesionales en España. Utilizando una metodología etnográfica, basada en entrevistas, cuestionarios y focus group con periodistas científicos que trabajan en los principales medios españoles, analizamos su trayectoria académica y sus consideraciones y propuestas al respecto. Los resultados muestran un escenario complejo y heterogéneo, pero también revelan que la mayoría de los periodistas científicos no solo no goza de una titulación universitaria en el ámbito científico, sino que tampoco la considera necesaria. Los periodistas científicos son críticos con el sistema educativo y consideran que la mejor forma de aprender es trabajar en los medios, más que estudiar, Science journalists are mainly responsible for publicly communicating science, which, in turn, is a major indicator of the social development of democratic societies. The transmission of quality scientific information that is rigorously researched and understandable is therefore crucial, and demand for this kind of information from both governments and citizens is growing. We analyzed the academic profiles of a representative sample of practicing science journalists in Spain to clarify what training they had received and how they perceived the quality and scope of this training. Using an ethnographic methodology based on a survey, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with science journalists working for the main Spanish media (mainly printed press, audiovisual, Internet and news agencies), we analyze their academic backgrounds and collect information on their opinions and proposals. Our findings depict a complex and heterogeneous scenario and also reveal that most science journalists not only do not have any scientific training, but also do not even consider this to be necessary to exercise as science reporters. They also criticize the current system for training journalists and consider that the best way of learning the profession is by acquiring experience on the job

El periodista científico es uno de los principales responsables en la cadena de transmisión e interpretación hacia la sociedad de toda noticia, novedad o avance de carácter científico. A su vez, una información científica rigurosa, comprensible y de calidad es, además, un indicador del desarrollo social. La demanda de este tipo de información crece cada día en nuestras sociedades, tanto por parte de los gobiernos como de los ciudadanos. Por este motivo, y con el objetivo de esclarecer cuál es el perfil de los periodistas científicos que deben lidiar con tal responsabilidad, cómo se han formado y cómo ellos mismos creen que deberían haber sido formados, en esta investigación analizamos los perfiles académicos (tanto el real como el ideal) de estos profesionales en España. Utilizando una metodología etnográfica, basada en entrevistas, cuestionarios y focus group con periodistas científicos que trabajan en los principales medios españoles, analizamos su trayectoria académica y sus consideraciones y propuestas al respecto. Los resultados muestran un escenario complejo y heterogéneo, pero también revelan que la mayoría de los periodistas científicos no solo no goza de una titulación universitaria en el ámbito científico, sino que tampoco la considera necesaria. Los periodistas científicos son críticos con el sistema educativo y consideran que la mejor forma de aprender es trabajar en los medios, más que estudiar Science journalists are mainly responsible for publicly communicating science, which, in turn, is a major indicator of the social development of democratic societies. The transmission of quality scientific information that is rigorously researched and understandable is therefore crucial, and demand for this kind of information from both governments and citizens is growing. We analyzed the academic profiles of a representative sample of practicing science journalists in Spain to clarify what training they had received and how they perceived the quality and scope of this training. Using an ethnographic methodology based on a survey, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with science journalists working for the main Spanish media (mainly printed press, audiovisual, Internet and news agencies), we analyze their academic backgrounds and collect information on their opinions and proposals. Our findings depict a complex and heterogeneous scenario and also reveal that most science journalists not only do not have any scientific training, but also do not even consider this to be necessary to exercise as science reporters. They also criticize the current system for training journalists and consider that the best way of learning the profession is by acquiring experience on the job

Science 2.0 aims at using the information sharing and collaborative features of the Internet to offer new features to the research community. Science 2.0 has been already applied to computer sciences, especially bioinformatics. For network information hiding, a field studying the possibility of concealing a communication in networks, the application of Science 2.0 is still a rather uncovered territory. To foster the discussion of potential benefits for network information hiding, we provide a disquisition for six different Science 2.0 aspects when applied to this domain.

Die Verbreitung von digitalen und Web 2.0 Technologien führt zu Veränderungen in allen Aspekten der Wissenschaft – Forschung, wissenschaftliche Kommunikation, Zusammenarbeit, Finanzierung, Lehre und Publizieren. ForscherIn zu sein bedeutet, Teil eines wissenschaftlichen Diskurses zu sein. Im klassischen Sinne findet dieser Diskurs in Zeitschriften oder Büchern und durch die Präsentation von Forschungsergebnissen auf Konferenzen oder Workshops statt. Im Zuge neuer vernetzter Technologien, leistungsfähiger Computer und nahezu universellem Netzzugang, hat sich dieser Diskurs zunehmend in digitale Umgebungen verlagert. Digitale und soziale Technologien verändern auch das System der Forschung und der Wissenschaftskommunikation grundlegend. Nicht nur die klassischen Publikationsformate - Bücher, Zeitschriften, Berichte etc. – haben von Druck- auf elektronische Standards umgestellt, auch haben Wissenschaftsblogs, Social Network Sites und Microblogs einen enormen Einfluss auf die wissenschaftliche Kommunikation gewonnen und wissenschaftliche Forschung für breites Publikum geöffnet. [Aus der Einleitung.]

Se analiza la presencia de las investigadoras de la Universidad de Salamanca en dos de las principales redes sociales académicas, Researchgate y Academia.edu. Se comprueba el nivel de colaboración y difusión científica de las investigadoras de esta universidad mediante el estudio y comparación de los indicadores de cada red. Se realiza el estudio analizando los perfiles de 1005 investigadores adscritos a 28 Departamentos de las 5 ramas de conocimiento en que se estructura la universidad. Se pretende determinar si en la muestra existe disparidad de género en las diferentes ramas y departamentos elegidos, así como en el uso de las redes por parte del profesorado de la Universidad de Salamanca. Se concluye que, de manera significativa, existen claras diferencias en el uso de estas herramientas en función del género. Y en general, el uso que se hace de ellas es bastante limitado, con aplicaciones principalmente de difusión de trabajos académicos. This paper analyzes the presence of professors and researchers from the University of Salamanca on two of the main academic social networks: Reasearchgate.net and Academia.edu. The indicators of each network were studied and compared along with the level of collaboration and scientific diffusion of the teaching and research staff at the University of Salamanca. The study was carried out via by analyzing the profiles of 1005 professors and researchers assigned to 28 different departments within the five areas of study around which the university is structured. A transversal analysis was established according to gender as well as the areas and departments in which the professors and researchers worked. It has been concluded that within this scientific community the use of online social networks is limited, with the majority of use purely for diffusion of academic works.

Trabajo de Fin de Máster en Sistemas de Información Digital, curso 2016-2017, [ES] Se analiza la presencia de los profesores e investigadores de la Universidad de Salamanca en dos de las principales redes sociales académicas, Researchgate y Academia.edu. Se estudian y comparan los indicadores de cada red y se comprueba el nivel de colaboración y difusión científica del personal docente e investigador de esta universidad. Se realiza el estudio analizando los perfiles de 1005 profesores e investigadores adscritos a 28 Departamentos de las 5 áreas de conocimiento en que se estructura la universidad. Se establece un análisis transversal en función del género así como de las áreas y departamentos seleccionados. Se concluye que, de manera significativa, estas herramientas se encuentran tímidamente implementadas entre dicha comunidad científica y el uso que se hace de ellas es bastante limitado, con aplicaciones principalmente de difusión de trabajos académicos. [EN] This paper analyzes the presence of professors and researchers from the University of Salamanca on two of the main academic social networks: Reasearchgate.net and Academia.edu. The indicators of each network were studied and compared along with the level of collaboration and scientific diffusion of the teaching and research staff at the University of Salamanca. The study was carried out via by analyzing the profiles of 1005 professors and researchers assigned to 28 different departments within the five areas of study around which the university is structured. A transversal analysis was established according to gender as well as the areas and departments in which the professors and researchers worked. It has been concluded that within this scientific community the use of online social networks is limited, with the majority of use purely for diffusion of academic works.

RESUMEN: Este trabajo busca presentar una mirada general de la presencia o no de los investigadores colombianos en las principales redes y portales científicos, que dé cuenta de: quiénes están teniendo más relevancia, qué tanta necesidad de formación en gestión científica tienen estos investigadores y qué debieran apoyar las bibliotecas en el marco de sus programas de formación-ALFIN para lograr una mayor presencia de los investigadores, y así, alcancen mejores resultados de visibilidad que posibiliten a corto, mediano y largo plazo mayores impactos científicos y sociales de su quehacer. ABSTRACT: This paper seeks to present a general view of the presence or not of Colombian researchers in the main scientific networks and portals, which account for: who are having more relevance, how much need for training in scientific management have these researchers and what libraries should support in the framework of their Information Literacy training programs, in order to achieve best presence of researchers, and thus, achieve better visibility results that make possible in the short, medium and long term greater scientific and social impacts of their work.

Our abilities to collect, store and analyse scientific data have sky-rocketed in the past decades, but at the same time, a disconnect between data scientists, domain experts and data providers has begun to emerge. Data scientists are developing more and more powerful algorithms for data mining and analysis, while data providers are making more and more data publicly available, and yet many, if not most, discoveries are based on specific data and/or algorithms that "are available from the authors upon request". In the strong belief that scientific progress would be much faster if reproduction and re-use of such data and algorithms was made easier, the Swiss Data Science Center (SDSC) has committed to provide an open framework for the handling and tracking of scientific data and algorithms, from raw data and first principle equations to final data products and visualisations, modular simulation models and benchmark evaluation algorithms. Led jointly by EPFL and ETH Zurich, the SDSC is composed of a distributed multi-disciplinary team of data scientists and experts in select domains. The center aims to federate data providers, data and computer scientists, and subject-matter experts around a cutting-edge analytics platform offering user-friendly tooling and services to help with the adoption of Open Science, fostering research productivity and excellence. In this presentation, we will discuss our vision of a high-scalable open but secure community-based platform for sharing, accessing, exploring, and analyzing scientific data in easily reproducible workflows, augmented by automated provenance and impact tracking, knowledge graphs, fine-grained access right and digital right management, and a variety of domain-specific software tools. For maximum interoperability, transparency and ease of use, we plan to utilize notebook interfaces wherever possible, such as Apache Zeppelin and Jupyter. Feedback and suggestions from the audience will be gratefully considered.

This study identifies the presence, productivity and influence of Ibero-American authors that write about information literacy (InfoLit). Using bibliometric and altmetric indicators, it seeks to analyze the impact and subsequent use of their scholarly works on social and scientific platforms. Fifty-five authors with the highest productivity were identified, based on the results of bibliometric studies on InfoLit carried out on both an international and Ibero-American scale in searches of major databases as well as publications collected in a Latin American wiki. Subsequently an analysis of bibliometric and altmetric indicators at the author and publication level was carried out, based on the results of searches on eight scientific platforms (Google Scholar, ResearchGate, Academia.edu, Mendeley, ORCID, IraLIS, E-LIS and EXIT), three social networks (Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn), and data provided by a commercial supplier (Altmetric.com). Overall we found a greater presence of authors in ResearchGate (58%), Academia.edu (51%) and Google Scholar (49%) as opposed to Mendeley (25%) and ORCID (18%). Furthermore, as to social platforms, the greatest potential influence lies with Facebook, due to its high number of followers ( / top 10 authors). In addition, an analysis with the Spearman rho statistic, shows among some sources and platforms, a low correlation between the number of citations in Google Scholar and readings in Mendeley (r = 382) and low negative for mentions in blogs (r = 0,-237), Google+ (r = 0, -214) and Twitter (r = 0, -183). In conclusion, both the productivity and the impact-visibility center on specific authors writing about InfoLit, and various measurement resources show that for these authors there is a positive two-way impact from bibliometric to altmetric and vice versa. Este trabajo busca aproximarse a la identificación de la presencia, productividad e influencia de autores iberoamericanos sobre alfabetización informacional - ALFIN, y analizar el impacto y uso de sus contribuciones académicas en las plataformas sociales y científicas a través de indicadores bibliométricos y altmétricos. Partiendo de los resultados arrojados en estudios bibliométricos a nivel mundial e iberoamericano sobre ALFIN incluidos en las principales bases de datos y las publicaciones recopiladas en una wiki iberoamericana, se extraen los autores con mayor productividad (55 autores). Luego, a partir de la consulta directa a ocho plataformas científicas (Google Scholar, ResearchGate, Academia.edu, Mendeley, ORCID, IraLIS, E-LIS y EXIT), tres redes sociales (Facebook, Twitter y LinkedIn) y los datos proporcionados por un proveedor comercial (Altmetric.com), se realiza un análisis de indicadores bibliométricos y altmétricos a nivel de autores y publicaciones. Encontramos de manera general, que existe mayor presencia de autores en ResearchGate (58%), Academia.edu (51%) y Google Scholar (49%) que en Mendeley (25%) y ORCID (18%), y que la mayor influencia potencial en plataformas sociales por la cantidad de seguidores radica en Facebook ( / top 10 autores). Además, un análisis con el estadístico rho de Spearman, arroja entre algunas fuentes y plataformas, una correlación baja entre número de citas en Google Scholar y lecturas en Mendeley (r=382) y negativa baja para menciones en blogs (r=0,-237), Google+ (r=0,-214) y Twitter (r=0,-183). Finalmente, que tanto la productividad como el impacto-visibilidad se centran en unos determinados autores de ALFIN, y que, para estos autores, y, en general, para las perspectivas métricas asumidas, considerando distintos recursos de medición, existe un impacto positivo en doble vía, de lo bibliométrico a las altmétricas y viceversa.

[EN] The aim of this study is to contextualize the results obtained regarding the classification of researchers who work in Colombian institutions according to their public Google Scholar - GSC citation profiles (1390 with an H index equal or higher than 5). To this end, the study compares its findings with the data obtained from the collection of Colombian authors on a social network named ResearchGate - RG and the local information provided by Colciencias, which is the Colombian agency that publishes researcher classification from a platform named ScienTI. Findings revealed significant discrepancies between GSC and RG findings regarding the four classification categories Colciencias provided. This suggests that Colciencias must reconsider its assessment criteria including new sources and indicators. Considering that the two sources (GSC, RG) and the (h index, RG-Index) indicators behave differently regarding disciplines, Colciencias must also be careful with disciplinary assignments adopting International classifications and developing discipline related indicators. Colombian academic and research organizations should become more active in recognizing the potential and importance of Internet platforms to visibilize their research work and increase its impact (Ciencia 2.0)., [ES] Este trabajo pretende contextualizar los resultados obtenidos de la clasificación de investigadores que trabajan en instituciones colombianas de acuerdo a sus perfiles públicos de citas de Google Scholar - GSC (1390 con un índice h igual o superior a 5). Para este propósito, se comparan los resultados con los datos obtenidos de la colección de autores colombianos de la red social ResearchGate - RG y la información local facilitada por Colciencias, la agencia colombiana que publica una clasificación de investigadores, desde la Plataforma ScienTI. Los resultados muestran discrepancias significativas entre los resultados de GSC y RG con las cuatro categorías de la clasificación proporcionadas por Colciencias, lo que sugiere que Colciencias debe reconsiderar sus criterios de evaluación incluyendo nuevas fuentes e indicadores. A su vez, considerando que las dos fuentes (GSC, RG) y los indicadores (índice H, RG-Index) se comportan de manera muy diferente respecto a las disciplinas, Colciencias debe también tener cuidado con las asignaciones disciplinarias, adoptando clasificaciones internacionales y desarrollando indicadores relativos por disciplina. Las organizaciones académicas y de investigación colombianas deberían ser más activas reconociendo el potencial y la importancia de las plataformas de Internet para hacer visible y aumentar el impacto de sus actividades de investigación (Ciencia 2.0 – Ciencia Abierta).

New Science paradigms have recently evolved to promote open publication of scientific findings as well as multi-disciplinary collaborative approaches to scientific experimentation. These approaches can face modern scientific challenges but must deal with large quantities of data produced by industrial and scientific experiments. These data, so-called "Big Data", require to introduce new Computer Science systems to help scientists cooperate, extract information, and possibly produce new knowledge out of the data. E-Infrastructures are distributed computer systems that foster collaboration between users and can embed distributed and parallel processing systems to manage Big Data. However, in order to meet modern Science requirements, e-Infrastructures impose several requirements to computational systems in turn, e.g. being economically sustainable, managing community-provided processes, using standard representations for processes and data, managing Big Data size and heterogeneous representations, supporting reproducible Science, collaborative experimentation, and cooperative online environments, managing security and privacy for data and services. In this paper, we present a Cloud computing system (gCube DataMiner) that meets these requirements and operates in an e-Infrastructure, while sharing characteristics with state-of-the-art Cloud computing systems. To this aim, DataMiner uses the Web Processing Service standard of the Open Geospatial Consortium and introduces features like collaborative experimental spaces, automatic installation of processes and services on top of a flexible and sustainable Cloud computing architecture. We compare DataMiner with another mature Cloud computing system and highlight the benefits our system brings, the new paradigms requirements it satisfies, and the applications that can be developed based on this system.

Open Science is enjoying great popularity at the moment. The European Union has recently adopted the term Open Science in its research framework programme. However, at the same time being mainstreamed into policy and administration it runs the risk of remaining empty rhetoric. The article examines terminological and actual realms of Open Science. It aims to identify gaps in the current discourse on one hand, and on the other to draw upon the potential of Open Science practices and its precursors. Situating Open Science in a broader picture of cultures of sharing helps to understand its promising role as change maker in traditional academic settings if necessary appreciation, skills and infrastructures are developed timely.

The purpose of this paper is to show a PhD dissertation research plan, which aims to assess whether the users' experience of users to perform various tasks in an open access repository, increases by integrating Discovery Tools. The tasks to perform by the users are management and information design, dissemination and searches of open educational resources (OER) of sustainability energy. This research aims to develop a usability evaluation prototype which will offer new insights in the design of the information architecture. In the first stage, the criteria will be selected to measure the level of usability of the tasks to evaluate and develop the analysis of the current interactive design of the web repository. In the second stage, will consist of measure, once implemented the Discovery Tools in the web repository and check the usability level increase in relation with the criteria. In this paper you could find aspects as the motivations and the context in which it will develop this research, state of the art, hypothesis, research objectives, aspects of the methodology of the research, developed under the method of mixed layout, the current an expected contribution, the results and the validation and dissertation status. The results will contribute for detect new criteria and parameters for provide flexible interfaces, specifically for the web repositories, which are a part of the technological ecosystem of the scientific activity.

La e-investigación está cambiando las prácticas y dinámicas de la investigación social, gracias a la incorporación de herramientas digitales avanzadas para el procesamiento de datos y el incremento de la colaboración científica. Estudios anteriores muestran una actitud positiva de los científicos hacia la e-investigación y la rápida incorporación de herramientas digitales para el trabajo académico, a pesar de las resistencias culturales al cambio. Este artículo examina el estado actual (actitudes, herramientas y prácticas) de la e-investigación en el campo de los estudios en comunicación en Iberoamérica. Un total de 316 investigadores de la región respondieron una encuesta en línea durante los últimos dos meses de 2011. Los resultados confirman una actitud positiva hacia la e-investigación y un uso frecuente de las e-herramientas. Sin embargo, la mayor parte de ellos aseguran usar e-herramientas básicas (como correo-e, videoconferencia comercial, software de oficina o redes sociales), en vez de usar tecnologías avanzadas para procesar gran cantidad de datos (como Grids, programas de simulación o Internet2) o de incorporarse a comunidades virtuales de investigación. Algunos investigadores afirmaron tener un uso «intensivo» (31%) o «frecuente» (53%) de las e-herramientas, pero solo el 22% aseguraron que la capacidad de su computador personal era insuficiente para manejar y procesar los datos. El artículo concluye evidenciando una brecha importante entre la e-investigación en comunicación y en otras disciplinas, y establece recomendaciones para su implementación en la región., e-Research is changing practices and dynamics in social research by the incorporation of advanced e-tools to process data and increase scientific collaboration. Previous research shows a positive attitude of investigators through e-Re­search and shows a fast incorporation of e-Tools, in despite of many cultural resistances to the change. This paper examines the current state (attitudes, tools and practices) of e-Research in the field of Media and Communication Studies in Latin America, Spain and Portugal. A total of 316 researchers of the region answered an online survey during the last 2 months of 2011. Findings confirm an optimistic attitude through e-Research and an often use of e-Tools to do research. Even though, most of them informed to use basic e-Tools (e.g. e-mail, commercial videoconference, office software and social networks) instead of advanced technologies to process huge amount of data (e.g. Grid, simulation software and Internet2) or the incorporation to Virtual Research Communities. Some of the researchers said that they had an «intensive» (31%) and «often» (53%) use of e-Tools, but only 22% stated that their computer capacity was not enough to manage and process data. The paper evidences the gap between e-Research in Communications and e-Research in other disciplines; and makes recommendations for its implementation.

MOVING investigates how to enable people from all societal sectors to fundamentally improve their information literacy by training how to use, choose, re ect and evaluate data/text mining methods in connection with their daily research tasks. We believe that an extensive distribution of this type of information literacy education in the sense of a data-savvy information professional will have a decisive impact on the innovative capacity of the European society.

Curso del Gabinete de Formación CSIC "DIGITAL.CSIC: Descripción y reutilización de la Ciencia en acceso abierto y gestión de copyright. Mandatos de acceso abierto e indicadores emergentes de la Ciencia en transición (2016)" por Isabel Bernal, Juan Román Molina, Oficina Técnica de DIGITAL.CSIC en el Centro de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales (CSIC), 30 marzo-1 abril 2016.

The European LinkedUp and LACE (Learning Analytics Community Exchange) project have been responsible for setting up a series of data challenges at the LAK conferences 2013 and 2014 around the LAK dataset. The LAK datasets consists of a rich collection of full text publications in the domain of Learning Analytics and Educational Data Mining. The LAK dataset offers publicly available, machine-readable versions of research articles from the Learning Analytics and Educational Data Mining communities in various formats, where the main goal is to facilitate research, analysis, and smart explorative applications. Based on the insights gained from these data challenges, the idea was born to make more Learning Analytics data sets publicly available for researchers to get to a more open access data-driven research community within Learning Analytics. With this special section, we publish four data sets that answered the call for data sets by the journal. It is our vision to collect more data sets like these in this initial collection and reward their creators through citing the datasets and connecting new research outcomes to them. Refereed/Peer-reviewed

“Science 2.0” is still evolving; basically, it is an ongoing, “natural” experiment about a potentially novel way of participating in knowledge construction processes based on Internet applications. The topic of this article is scientific culture and organisation that interact with communities of interests outside of institutions, based on analyses of systematic biology and the mapping of biodiversity. The focus will be on the convergence of professionals and so-called amateurs involved in the production of new knowledge.

This paper considers current trends in academic research and publication, in particular as seen from the control community. The introduction of Web 2.0 applications for scientists and engineers is currently changing the way research is being conducted. In the near future, participants in the research community will be able to share ideas, data and results like never before. They will also be able to manage the rapidly increasing amount of scientific information much more effectively than today through collaborative efforts enabled by the new Internet tools. However, an important premise for such a development is the availability of research material. Many research results are currently shielded behind expensive subscription schemes that impede the sharing of information. At the same time, an increasing amount of research is being published through open access channels with unrestricted availability. Interestingly, recent studies show that such policies contribute to an increased number of citations compared to the pay-based alternatives. In sum, the parallel development of new tools for research collaboration and an increased access to research material may fundamentally transform the way research is going to be conducted in the future.

The report analyses the potential impact of a transition towards Open Science on the stakeholders of the research ecosystem. The following findings are discussed. Innovative digital tools that facilitate communication, collaboration, and the data analysis will enable Open Science practices. All stakeholders of the research ecosystem will benefit from Open Science, although it will change work habits and business models. Digital platforms will facilitate innovation by streamlining all phases of the innovation process, from the generation of ideas to experimental work and fundraising. Citizens will become new players of the research ecosystem. They will shape science policies and contribute to scientific research through citizen science actions and by funding researchers. Digital science start-ups will shape the future of Open Science and innovate in the exploitation of the flow of information made publicly available with the advent of Open Science. The EU can accelerate the transition towards Open Science thanks to its unique position as funder and policy maker. A three-step program is suggested that will: 1) support the on-going transformation; 2) make systemic change to open the way to fully implemented Open Science; and 3) unlock the societal and economic value of Open Science.

In this paper, we present an assessment of the ResearchGate score as a measure of a researcher’s scientific reputation. This assessment is based on well-established bibliometric guidelines for research metrics. In our evaluation, we find that the ResearchGate Score has three serious shortcomings: (1) the score is intransparent and irreproducible, (2) the score incorporates the journal impact factor to evaluate individual researchers, and (3) changes in the score cannot be reconstructed. Therefore, we conclude that the ResearchGate Score should not be considered in the evaluation of academics in its current form.

Aquest article explora l'impacte de l'era digital a la Universitat com a institució i en la vida laboral dels professionals acadèmics que hi treballen. Partint de la investigació existent, pretenem analitzar la naturalesa de la web participativa, el paisatge canviant que les TIC dibuixen al voltant de la creació del coneixement, les necessitats que el nou moment tecnològic i social plantegen a la investigació, així com els trets bàsics que aquest nou entorn tecnosocial dibuixa en els models emergents acadèmics que apareixen en els nostres dies. Proposem un model pràctic d'investigació enriquida amb tecnologia al que subjau un model ètic professional que es presenta com a alternativa en un temps de tensions i contradiccions en l'acadèmia. L'acadèmic digital._____________________________________________________________________Cet article explore l’impact de l’ère digitale à l’Université comme institution et dans la vie professionnelle des enseignants qui y travaillent. En partant de la recherche existante, nous prétendons analyser la nature de la web participative, du paysage changeant que les TIC dessinent autour de la création de la connaissance, les nécessités que le nouveau moment technologique et social pose à la recherche, ainsi que les traits de base que ce nouvel environnement techno-social dessine dans les modèles académiques qui émergent de nos jours. Nous proposons un modèle pratique de recherche enrichie de technologie auquel est associé un modèle d’éthique professionnelle qui se présente comme une alternative dans une époque de tensions et de contradictions dans l’académie. L’académique digitale., This paper explores the impact of the digital era on the university as an institution and in the working life of academic professionals employed there. Based on existing research, the paper sets out to analyse the nature of the participative web, the shifting landscape of ICTs and knowledge generation, the emerging research needs posed by today’s technology and society, and the basic features of this new technosocial environment in relation to today’s emerging academic models. The paper proposes a practical technology-enhanced research model underpinned by a model of professional ethics, which is put forward as an alternative in times of tensions and contradictions in the academy. The digital academic., Este artículo explora el impacto de la era digital en la universidad como institución y en la vida laboral de los profesionales académicos que trabajan en ella. Partiendo de la investigación existente, pretendemos analizar la naturaleza de la web participativa, el paisaje cambiante que las TIC dibujan en torno a la creación del conocimiento, las necesidades que el nuevo momento tecnológico y social plantean a la investigación, así como los rasgos básicos que este nuevo entorno tecnosocial dibuja en los modelos emergentes de signo académico que aparecen en nuestros días. Proponemos un modelo práctico de investigación enriquecida con tecnología al que subyace un modelo ético profesional que se presenta como alternativa en un tiempo de tensiones y contradicciones en la academia. El académico digital.

Information and communication technology (ICT) advances in research infrastructures are continuously changing the way research and scientific communication are performed. Scientists, funders, and organisations are moving the paradigm of Research Publishing well beyond traditional articles. The aim is to pursue an holistic approach where publishing includes any product (e.g. publications, datasets, experiments, software, web sites, blogs) resulting from a research activity and relevant to the interpretation, evaluation, and reuse of the activity or part of it. We show that the implementation of this vision is today mainly inspired by literature scientific communication workflows, which separate the "where" research is conducted from the "where" research is published and shared. We claim that this model cannot fit well with scientific communication practice envisaged in Science 2.0 settings and propose a new class of scientific data repositories, denominated "Science 2.0 Repositories" (SciRepos), as a possible solution. SciRepos address the data pub lishing issues by blurring the distinction between research life-cycle and research publishing. They enable effective scientific communication workflows by making research products creation and publishing occur "within" the research infrastructure and "during" the research activities. We present the benefits resulting from Publishing in SciRepos and define a Reference Model and a Reference Architecture for a SciRepo platform, a general purpose platform facilitating the realisation of a SciRepo over any ICT-based research infrastructure environment with limited costs and efforts if compared with from-scratch approaches.