41 results on '"Schill, Eva"'
Search Results
2. Risk of surface movements and reservoir deformation for high-temperature aquifer thermal energy storage (HT-ATES)
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Stricker, Kai, Egert, Robert, Schill, Eva, and Kohl, Thomas
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- 2024
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3. Minderungsansätze in der Energie- und Kreislaufwirtschaft
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Thrän, Daniela, Edenhofer, Ottmar, Pahle, Michael, Schill, Eva, Steubing, Michael, Wilts, Henning, Brasseur, Guy P., editor, Jacob, Daniela, editor, and Schuck-Zöller, Susanne, editor
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- 2023
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4. Mögliche Beiträge geologischer und mariner Kohlenstoffspeicher zur Dekarbonisierung
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Oschlies, Andreas, Mengis, Nadine, Rehder, Gregor, Schill, Eva, Thomas, Helmuth, Wallmann, Klaus, Zimmer, Martin, Brasseur, Guy P., editor, Jacob, Daniela, editor, and Schuck-Zöller, Susanne, editor
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- 2023
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5. A storyline approach: integrating comprehensive, interdisciplinary research results to create narratives – in the context of the net-zero target in Germany
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Köhnke, Fiona, Steuri, Bettina, Baetcke, Lars, Borchers, Malgorzata, Brinkmann, Torsten, Dittmeyer, Roland, Dornheim, Martin, El Zohbi, Juliane, Förster, Johannes, Gawel, Erik, Görl, Knut, Herbst, Michael, Heß, Dominik, Kalhori, Aram, Korte, Klaas, Li, Zhan, Markus, Till, Mengis, Nadine, Monnerie, Nathalie, Oschlies, Andreas, Prats-Salvado, Enric, Reusch, Thorsten B. H., Rhoden, Imke, Sachs, Torsten, Schaller, Romina, Schill, Eva, Simon, Sonja, Stevenson, Angela, Thoni, Terese, Thrän, Daniela, Xiao, Mengzhu, Jacob, Daniela, Köhnke, Fiona, Steuri, Bettina, Baetcke, Lars, Borchers, Malgorzata, Brinkmann, Torsten, Dittmeyer, Roland, Dornheim, Martin, El Zohbi, Juliane, Förster, Johannes, Gawel, Erik, Görl, Knut, Herbst, Michael, Heß, Dominik, Kalhori, Aram, Korte, Klaas, Li, Zhan, Markus, Till, Mengis, Nadine, Monnerie, Nathalie, Oschlies, Andreas, Prats-Salvado, Enric, Reusch, Thorsten B. H., Rhoden, Imke, Sachs, Torsten, Schaller, Romina, Schill, Eva, Simon, Sonja, Stevenson, Angela, Thoni, Terese, Thrän, Daniela, Xiao, Mengzhu, and Jacob, Daniela
- Abstract
With the amendment to the German Climate Change Act in 2021, the Federal Government of Germany has set the target to become greenhouse gas neutral by 2045. Reaching this ambitious target requires multisectoral efforts, which in turn calls for interdisciplinary collaboration: the Net-Zero-2050 project of the Helmholtz Climate Initiative serves as an example of successful, interdisciplinary collaboration with the aim of producing valuable recommendations for action to achieve net-zero CO 2 emissions in Germany. To this end, we applied an interdisciplinary approach to combining comprehensive research results from ten German national research centers in the context of carbon neutrality in Germany. In this paper, we present our approach and the method behind the interdisciplinary storylines development, which enabled us to create a common framework between different carbon dioxide removal and avoidance methods and the bigger carbon neutrality context. Thus, the research findings are aggregated into narratives: the two complementary storylines focus on technologies for net-zero CO 2 emissions and on different framing conditions for implementing net-zero CO 2 measures. Moreover, we outline the Net-Zero-2050 results emerging from the two storylines by presenting the resulting narratives in the context of carbon neutrality in Germany. Aiming at creating insights into how complementary and related expertise can be combined in teams across disciplines, we conclude with the project’s lessons learned. This paper sheds light on how to facilitate cooperation between different science disciplines with the purpose of preparing joint research results that can be communicated to a specific audience. Additionally, it provides further evidence that interdisciplinary and diverse research teams are an essential factor for defining solution spaces for complex, interdisciplinary problems.
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- 2024
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6. Mögliche Beiträge geologischer und mariner Kohlenstoffspeicher zur Dekarbonisierung
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Brasseur, Guy P., Jacob, Daniela, Schuck-Zöller, Susanne, Oschlies, Andreas, Mengis, Nadine, Rehder, Gregor, Schill, Eva, Thomas, Helmuth, Wallmann, Klaus, Zimmer, Martin, Brasseur, Guy P., Jacob, Daniela, Schuck-Zöller, Susanne, Oschlies, Andreas, Mengis, Nadine, Rehder, Gregor, Schill, Eva, Thomas, Helmuth, Wallmann, Klaus, and Zimmer, Martin
- Abstract
Es werden mögliche Beiträge geologischer und mariner Kohlenstoffspeicher für die Vermeidung von CO2-Emissionen in die Atmosphäre oder für die Entnahme von bereits emittiertem CO2 aus der Atmosphäre vorgestellt. Neben der Einlagerung von CO2 in geologischen Speichern unter Land und unter dem Meeresboden werden eine forcierte CO2-Entnahme aus der Atmosphäre und Abgabe in den Ozean durch Erhöhung der Alkalinität, durch Ozeandüngung und durch das Management vegetationsreicher Küstenökosysteme untersucht. Alle Optionen können sowohl global als auch aus deutscher Perspektive eine Rolle für das Erreichen der Klimaziele spielen. Umweltverträglichkeit, Permanenz der Speicherung sowie infrastrukturelle und rechtliche Voraussetzungen, gesellschaftliche Akzeptanz und wirtschaftliche Realisierbarkeit bedürfen für alle Ansätze weiterer Klärung, bevor hieraus realisierbare Optionen werden können.
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- 2024
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7. Minderungsansätze in der Energie- und Kreislaufwirtschaft
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Thrän, Daniela, Edenhofer, Ottmar, Pahle, Michael, Schill, Eva, Steubing, Michael, Wilts, Henning, Thrän, Daniela, Edenhofer, Ottmar, Pahle, Michael, Schill, Eva, Steubing, Michael, and Wilts, Henning
- Abstract
Die schnelle und umfassende Emissionsminderung in der Energie- und Kreislaufwirtschaft ist der Schlüssel für die Begrenzung der Erderwärmung auf unter 2 °C. In Deutschland werden entsprechende Politiken seit den 1990er-Jahren verfolgt, allerdings erst in jüngster Vergangenheit mit dem notwendigen Nachdruck und der notwendigen Orientierung hin zu mehr Marktmechanismen. Wesentliche Handlungsfelder sind Energieeinsparung und erhöhte Energieeffizienz, Umstieg auf erneuerbare Energien, Bepreisung von Klimagasen sowie eine Reduzierung und Schließung der Stoffkreisläufe. In allen Handlungsfeldern sind Grundlagen geschaffen, es bleibt jedoch der Großteil des Weges noch zu gehen, um Klimaneutralität zu erreichen. Für einen schnellen Fortschritt spielen neben der Überwindung der technischen, ökonomischen und organisatorischen Herausforderungen auch Verteilungsfragen und die Einbettung in internationale Maßnahmen eine zunehmende Rolle.
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- 2024
8. Gesellschaftliche Akzeptanz der Wärmewende : aktuelle Forschung, Fallbeispiele und sozialverträgliche Lösungsansätze
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Jordan, Matthias, Thrän, Daniela, Hüesker, Frank, Siegfried, Konrad, Rösch, Christine, Schill, Eva, Best, Benjamin, Wolf, Patrick, Jordan, Matthias, Thrän, Daniela, Hüesker, Frank, Siegfried, Konrad, Rösch, Christine, Schill, Eva, Best, Benjamin, and Wolf, Patrick
- Abstract
Es besteht Einvernehmen, dass die hohe Komplexität des Wärmesystems das zentrale Hindernis für die Wärmewende darstellt: Der Wärmebedarf im Industrie- und Gebäudesektor ist durch unterschiedliche Temperatur- und Nachfrageprofile aber auch durch verschiedene Geschäftsmodelle gekennzeichnet. Im Gebäudebereich sind darüber hinaus auch die vielfältigen Erwartungen und Präferenzen der Millionen von Investoren und Nutzern entscheidend, die über rein techno-ökonomische Überlegungen hinausgehen. Diese Systemkomplexität erschwert die Entwicklung von Strategien im Wärmesektor und hemmt unter anderem auch die Möglichkeiten für Technologieentwickler das Marktpotenzial ihrer Innovationen einzuschätzen. Fragen der Akzeptanz müssen folglich auf mehreren Ebenen Berücksichtigung finden, von Fragestellungen der Gesamtsystemanalyse bis hin zu einzelnen Umsetzungsprojekten. Entsprechend vielfältig ist die Forschung zur gesellschaftlichen Akzeptanz der Wärmwende im FVEE. Sie umfasst sowohl die Analyse von Nutzerpräferenzen bis hin zur gemeinsamen Gestaltung von Energiewendeprojekten, um die Gelingensbedingungen zu verbessern. Allen Ansätzen ist gemein, dass die vorherrschende technisch-ökonomische Betrachtung der Wärmewende erweitert wird: Es wird nach Faktoren geforscht, welche die Nutzer*innen beeinflussen und es werden gezielt Bereiche untersucht, welche das Potenzial für zukünftige Akzeptanzkonflikte haben. Des Weiteren gibt es Ansätze, die Akzeptanzfragen bereits im Entwicklungsprozess von Innovationen zu berücksichtigen. Abschließend, in Bezug auf die konkrete Umsetzung von Wärmetransformationsprojekten, werden verschiedene Methoden des Co-Designs entwickelt, erforscht und getestet. Im Folgenden werden einzelne Projekte aus den verschiedenen Bereichen vorgestellt.
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- 2023
9. Criteria and geological setting for the generic geothermal underground research laboratory, GEOLAB
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Schill, Eva, Meixner, Jörg, Meller, Carola, Grimm, Manuel, Grimmer, Jens C., Stober, Ingrid, and Kohl, Thomas
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- 2016
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10. Shallow and Deep Electric Structures in the Tolhuaca Geothermal System (S. Chile) Investigated by Magnetotellurics
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Pavez, Maximiliano, primary, Diaz, Daniel, additional, Brasse, Heinrich, additional, Kapinos, Gerhard, additional, Budach, Ingmar, additional, Goldberg, Valentin, additional, Morata, Diego, additional, and Schill, Eva, additional
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- 2022
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11. Hydrochemical characterisation of a major central European heat flux anomaly: the Bürchau geothermal spring system, Southern Black Forest, Germany
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Rolker, Julian, Schill, Eva, Stober, Ingrid, Schneider, Jochen, Neumann, Thomas, and Kohl, Thomas
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- 2015
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12. Interdisciplinary fracture network characterization in the crystalline basement: a case study from the Southern Odenwald, SW Germany
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Frey, Matthis, Bossennec, Claire, Seib, Lukas, Bär, Kristian, Schill, Eva, and Sass, Ingo
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Technology ,ddc:600 - Abstract
The crystalline basement is considered a ubiquitous and almost inexhaustible source of geothermal energy in the Upper Rhine Graben (URG) and other regions worldwide. The hydraulic properties of the basement, which are one of the key factors in the productivity of geothermal power plants, are primarily controlled by hydraulically active faults and fractures. While the most accurate in situ information about the general fracture network is obtained from image logs of deep boreholes, such data are generally sparse and costly and thus often not openly accessible. To circumvent this problem, an outcrop analogue study was conducted with interdisciplinary geoscientific methods in the Tromm Granite, located in the southern Odenwald at the northeastern margin of the URG. Using light detection and ranging (lidar) scanning, the key characteristics of the fracture network were extracted in a total of five outcrops; these were additionally complemented by lineament analysis of two different digital elevation models (DEMs). Based on this, discrete fracture network (DFN) models were developed to calculate equivalent permeability tensors under assumed reservoir conditions. The influences of different parameters, such as fracture orientation, density, aperture and mineralization, were investigated. In addition, extensive gravity and radon measurements were carried out in the study area, allowing fault zones with naturally increased porosity and permeability to be mapped. Gravity anomalies served as input data for a stochastic density inversion, through which areas of potentially increased open porosity were identified. A laterally heterogeneous fracture network characterizes the Tromm Granite, with the highest natural permeabilities expected at the pluton margin, due to the influence of large shear and fault zones.
- Published
- 2022
13. Geochemical Changes Associated with High-Temperature Heat Storage at Intermediate Depth: Thermodynamic Equilibrium Models for the DeepStor Site in the Upper Rhine Graben, Germany
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Banks, Jonathan, Poulette, Spencer, Grimmer, Jens, Bauer, Florian, Schill, Eva, Banks, Jonathan, Poulette, Spencer, Grimmer, Jens, Bauer, Florian, and Schill, Eva
- Abstract
The campus of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) contains several waste heat streams. In an effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by optimizing thermal power consumption on the campus, researchers at the KIT are proposing a ‘DeepStor’ project, which will sequester waste heat from these streams in an underground reservoir during the summer months, when the heat is not required. The stored heat will then be reproduced in the winter, when the campus’s thermal power demand is much higher. This paper contains a preliminary geochemical risk assessment for the operation of this subsurface, seasonal geothermal energy storage system. We used equilibrium thermodynamics to determine the potential phases and extent of mineral scale formation in the plant’s surface infrastructure, and to identify possible precipitation, dissolution, and ion exchange reactions that may lead to formation damage in the reservoir. The reservoir in question is the Meletta Beds of the Upper Rhein Graben’s Froidefontaine Formation. We modeled scale- and formation damage-causing reactions during six months of injecting 140 °C fluid into the reservoir during the summer thermal storage season and six months of injecting 80 °C fluid during the winter thermal consumption season. Overall, we ran the models for 5 years. Anhydrite and calcite are expected mineral scales during the thermal storage season (summer). Quartz is the predicted scale-forming mineral during the thermal consumption period (winter). Within ~20 m of the wellbores, magnesium and iron are leached from biotite; calcium and magnesium are leached from dolomite; and sodium, aluminum, and silica are leached from albite. These reactions lead to a net increase in both porosity and permeability in the wellbore adjacent region. At a distance of ~20–75 m from the wellbores, the leached ions recombine with the reservoir rocks to form a variety of clays, i.e., saponite, minnesotaite, and daphnite. These alteration products lead to a net lo
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- 2022
14. Net‐Zero CO 2 Germany - A Retrospect From the Year 2050
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Mengis, Nadine, Kalhori, Aram, Simon, Sonja, Harpprecht, Carina, Baetcke, Lars, Prats‐Salvado, Enric, Schmidt‐Hattenberger, Cornelia, Stevenson, Angela, Dold, Christian, Zohbi, Juliane, Borchers, Malgorzata, Thrän, Daniela, Korte, Klaas, Gawel, Erik, Dolch, Tobias, Heß, Dominik, Yeates, Christopher, Thoni, Terese, Markus, Till, Schill, Eva, Xiao, Mengzhu, Köhnke, Fiona, Oschlies, Andreas, Förster, Johannes, Görl, Knut, Dornheim, Martin, Brinkmann, Torsten, Beck, Silke, Bruhn, David, Li, Zhan, Steuri, Bettina, Herbst, Michael, Sachs, Torsten, Monnerie, Nathalie, Pregger, Thomas, Jacob, Daniela, Dittmeyer, Roland, Mengis, Nadine, Kalhori, Aram, Simon, Sonja, Harpprecht, Carina, Baetcke, Lars, Prats‐Salvado, Enric, Schmidt‐Hattenberger, Cornelia, Stevenson, Angela, Dold, Christian, Zohbi, Juliane, Borchers, Malgorzata, Thrän, Daniela, Korte, Klaas, Gawel, Erik, Dolch, Tobias, Heß, Dominik, Yeates, Christopher, Thoni, Terese, Markus, Till, Schill, Eva, Xiao, Mengzhu, Köhnke, Fiona, Oschlies, Andreas, Förster, Johannes, Görl, Knut, Dornheim, Martin, Brinkmann, Torsten, Beck, Silke, Bruhn, David, Li, Zhan, Steuri, Bettina, Herbst, Michael, Sachs, Torsten, Monnerie, Nathalie, Pregger, Thomas, Jacob, Daniela, and Dittmeyer, Roland
- Abstract
Germany 2050: For the first time Germany reached a balance between its sources of anthropogenic CO2 to the atmosphere and newly created anthropogenic sinks. This backcasting study presents a fictional future in which this goal was achieved by avoiding (∼645 Mt CO2), reducing (∼50 Mt CO2) and removing (∼60 Mt CO2) carbon emissions. This meant substantial transformation of the energy system, increasing energy efficiency, sector coupling, and electrification, energy storage solutions including synthetic energy carriers, sector-specific solutions for industry, transport, and agriculture, as well as natural-sink enhancement and technological carbon dioxide options. All of the above was necessary to achieve a net-zero CO2 system for Germany by 2050.
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- 2022
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15. Thermal-hydraulic-mechanical (THM) modeling of high-temperature heat storage using DeepStor as a case study
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Stricker, Kai, Egert, Robert, Grimmer, Jens C., Gholami Korzani, Maziar, Schill, Eva, and Kohl, Thomas
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Technology ,ddc:600 - Published
- 2022
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16. Possible natural fluid pathways from gravity pseudo-tomography in the geothermal fields of Northern Alsace (Upper Rhine Graben)
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Baillieux, Paul, Schill, Eva, Abdelfettah, Yassine, and Dezayes, Chrystel
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- 2014
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17. Inferring the in situ stress regime in deep sediments: an example from the Bruchsal geothermal site
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Meixner, Jörg, Schill, Eva, Gaucher, Emmanuel, and Kohl, Thomas
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- 2014
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18. Net‐Zero CO2 Germany—A Retrospect From the Year 2050
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Mengis, Nadine, primary, Kalhori, Aram, additional, Simon, Sonja, additional, Harpprecht, Carina, additional, Baetcke, Lars, additional, Prats‐Salvado, Enric, additional, Schmidt‐Hattenberger, Cornelia, additional, Stevenson, Angela, additional, Dold, Christian, additional, El Zohbi, Juliane, additional, Borchers, Malgorzata, additional, Thrän, Daniela, additional, Korte, Klaas, additional, Gawel, Erik, additional, Dolch, Tobias, additional, Heß, Dominik, additional, Yeates, Christopher, additional, Thoni, Terese, additional, Markus, Till, additional, Schill, Eva, additional, Xiao, Mengzhu, additional, Köhnke, Fiona, additional, Oschlies, Andreas, additional, Förster, Johannes, additional, Görl, Knut, additional, Dornheim, Martin, additional, Brinkmann, Torsten, additional, Beck, Silke, additional, Bruhn, David, additional, Li, Zhan, additional, Steuri, Bettina, additional, Herbst, Michael, additional, Sachs, Torsten, additional, Monnerie, Nathalie, additional, Pregger, Thomas, additional, Jacob, Daniela, additional, and Dittmeyer, Roland, additional
- Published
- 2022
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19. Avoided and removed emissions, Version #2
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Förster, Johannes, Mengis, Nadine, Schill, Eva, Xiao, Mengzhu, and Thran, Daniela
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- 2021
20. Joint inversion of gravity and magnetic data using correspondence maps with application to geothermal fields
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Carrillo, Jonathan, primary, Perez-Flores, Marco A, additional, Gallardo, Luis A, additional, and Schill, Eva, additional
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- 2021
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21. Geochemical Changes Associated with High-Temperature Heat Storage at Intermediate Depth: Thermodynamic Equilibrium Models for the DeepStor Site in the Upper Rhine Graben, Germany
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Banks, Jonathan, primary, Poulette, Spencer, additional, Grimmer, Jens, additional, Bauer, Florian, additional, and Schill, Eva, additional
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- 2021
- Full Text
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22. Solar- und Umweltenergie für effiziente Wärme- und Kälteerzeugung
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Giovannetti, Federico, Hüsing, Fabian, Büchner, Daniel, Gebhardt, Heike, Schmidt, Dietrich, Bongs, Constanze, Schnabel, Lena, Schmidt, Christoph, Schill, Eva, Schmidt, Ferdinand, Schüwer, Dietmar, Büttner, Bastian, Hauer, Andreas, Giovannetti, Federico, Hüsing, Fabian, Büchner, Daniel, Gebhardt, Heike, Schmidt, Dietrich, Bongs, Constanze, Schnabel, Lena, Schmidt, Christoph, Schill, Eva, Schmidt, Ferdinand, Schüwer, Dietmar, Büttner, Bastian, and Hauer, Andreas
- Abstract
Mit dem European Green Deal hat Europa seine Klimaschutzziele nach oben korrigiert und einen weiteren, erforderlichen Schritt auf dem Weg zur Dekarbonisierung unternommen. Die neuen europäischen Zielvorgaben sind in Deutschland mit der Verabschiedung des Klimaschutzgesetzes seit Ende 2019 schon verbindlich festgeschrieben, wobei hier bereits spezifische CO2-Budgets für die Einzelsektoren definiert werden. Die Umsetzung dieser Ziele verlangt eine radikale Transformation des heutigen Energieversorgungssystems. Der Umbau des komplexen und heterogenen Wärmebereiches stellt dabei eine der größten Herausforderung dar: Wärme ist in Europa für über 50 % des Endenergieverbrauches verantwortlich, wird aber gegenwärtig nur zu 22 % aus erneuerbaren Quellen bereitgestellt. Aus geoklimatischen, kulturellen und politischen Gründen sind dabei die Anteile in den einzelnen europäischen Ländern sehr unterschiedlich. Unter den Spitzenreitern sind Schweden (66 %) und Dänemark (48 %). Unser Nachbarland Österreich erreicht immerhin 34 %. Im Vergleich dazu liegt Deutschland mit 15 % abgeschlagen auf einem hinteren Platz. Der verstärkte Einsatz erneuerbarer Energien ist neben der Steigerung der Energieeffizienz die tragende Säule der Wärmewende, wobei hier ein breiter Mix an Technologien gefragt ist. Die direkte Nutzung der Wärmetechnologien hat weiterhin Priorität, erfordert aber eine stark beschleunigte Erschließung der vorhandenen Potenziale sowie einen nachhaltigen Umgang mit wertvoller Biomasse. Die Sektorenkopplung bietet die notwendige Ergänzung für die geplante Transformation (BMWi, 2021). Solarenergie in Form von Solarwärme und Solarstrom wird somit in Kombination mit Umweltwärme eine zentrale Rolle im zukünftigen Wärme- und Kälteversorgungssystem spielen. Darauf fokussiert sich der Beitrag, wobei die spezifische Situation der Niedertemperatur-Solarthermie und der Schlüsseltechnologie Wärmepumpe adressiert werden.
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- 2021
23. The Potential of Depleted Oil Reservoirs for High-Temperature Storage Systems
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Stricker, Kai, primary, Grimmer, Jens C., additional, Egert, Robert, additional, Bremer, Judith, additional, Korzani, Maziar Gholami, additional, Schill, Eva, additional, and Kohl, Thomas, additional
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- 2020
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24. GeoLaB – Das geowissenschaftliche Zukunftsprojekt für Deutschland
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Sch��tzler, Katharina, Bremer, Judith, Schill, Eva, Kohl, Thomas, K��hn, Michael, Kolditz, Olaf, and Sass, Ingo
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Geothermal Laboratory in the Crystalline Basement ,Virtual GeoLaB ,Geography & travel ,GeoLaB ,Virtual Reality ,THMC ,CHFE ,Underground research laboratory ,Controlled High-Flow Experiments ,ddc:910 - Abstract
To limit global warming to 2 °C above pre-industrial levels, our society is confronted with the urgent need to make the transition to a globally sustainable energy system (1). Geothermal energy is available regardless of season or time and, unlike many other renewable energies, is therefore suitable for base-load sytems. Geothermal energy is regarded as renewable as heat flows back into the reservoir due to temperature conditions and transport processes. It uses the energy source from the earth’s interior, which is inexhaustible by human standards. Geothermal energy can play an important role in the decarbonization of the energy system in Germany. In Central Europe, the greatest geothermal potential lies in the crystalline basement with important hotspots in areas under tectonic tension. These include the Upper Rhine Graben as a rift zone with hydrothermal fluid flows and exceptional temperature anomalies in the deep underground (2). The technology “Enhanced Geothermal Systems” (EGS) was developed to exploit the geothermal potential in the crystalline (3). EGS use the deep fractured subsoil as a natural heat exchanger. With at least two boreholes, a thermal water cycle is created that brings geothermal energy to the surface and makes it usable (4). However, since relatively high flow rates (> 10 l/s) are required for economic operation, the natural permeability of the rock in the crystalline – in contrast to hydrothermal systems – must be increased by hydraulic or chemical stimulation measures (reservoir engineering) to increase the flow rates. A major challenge for EGS is to control and minimize the induced seismicity generated in this process, both in the reservoir engineering and operation phase and with a view to increasing public acceptance. A profound understanding of the multi-physical processes in the reservoir, such as the complex interactions of the fluid with the reservoir at high flow rates, is indispensable for this. New scientifically based strategies and technologies are urgently needed to exploit the geothermal potential economically and at the same time in an environmentally compatible way.
- Published
- 2020
25. The potential of depleted oil reservoirs for high-temperature storage systems
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Stricker, Kai, Grimmer, Jens C., Egert, Robert, Bremer, Judith, Gholami Korzani, Maziar, Schill, Eva, Kohl, Thomas, Stricker, Kai, Grimmer, Jens C., Egert, Robert, Bremer, Judith, Gholami Korzani, Maziar, Schill, Eva, and Kohl, Thomas
- Abstract
HT-ATES (high-temperature aquifer thermal energy storage) systems are a future option to shift large amounts of high-temperature excess heat from summer to winter using the deep underground. Among others, water-bearing reservoirs in former hydrocarbon formations show favorable storage conditions for HT-ATES locations. This study characterizes these reservoirs in the Upper Rhine Graben (URG) and quantifies their heat storage potential numerically. Assuming a doublet system with seasonal injection and production cycles, injection at 140 °C in a typical 70 °C reservoir leads to an annual storage capacity of up to 12 GWh and significant recovery efficiencies increasing up to 82% after ten years of operation. Our numerical modeling-based sensitivity analysis of operational conditions identifies the specific underground conditions as well as drilling configuration (horizontal/vertical) as the most influencing parameters. With about 90% of the investigated reservoirs in the URG transferable into HT-ATES, our analyses reveal a large storage potential of these well-explored oil fields. In summary, it points to a total storage capacity in depleted oil reservoirs of approximately 10 TWh a-1, which is a considerable portion of the thermal energy needs in this area.
- Published
- 2020
26. Joint inversion of gravity and magnetic data using correspondence maps with application to geothermal fields.
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Carrillo, Jonathan, Perez-Flores, Marco A, Gallardo, Luis A, and Schill, Eva
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GRAVITY ,FAULT zones ,SPECIFIC gravity ,GROUND source heat pump systems ,MAGNETIC anomalies ,MAGNETOTELLURICS ,GRAVITY anomalies ,MATRIX inversion - Abstract
Current geophysical joint inversion methods can be roughly divided into structurally or property driven. While structural coupling plays a key role in fully heterogeneous environments, it is blind to the actual physical properties, which limit its application. On the other hand, approaches based on direct property-correlations promise strong coupled models using petrophysical linkages derived from rock physics or through the search for cross-property relationships in the objective function directly, for example, fuzzy-clusters or correspondence maps. We apply a correspondence maps (CM) methodology to the joint estimation of density and magnetization in 3-D environments using gravity and magnetic data. CM joint inversion has yet to be applied to the specific combination of gravity and magnetic data, nor compared to other approaches like cross-gradient coupling or fuzzy-clustering. The CM searches for cross-property functional relationships; it has the potential to allow a gradual property variation that is not restricted to a predetermined number of homogeneous zones. We tested the algorithm using two illustrative synthetic examples to analyse the compositional and geometrical improvements and thoroughly investigate its capacity to recover a study model based on potential features in a geothermal scenario using polynomials. We investigated the case of using lower and higher polynomials than required for recovering the second synthetic model. The nature of the inversion suggested instability when high-grade polynomials were used, which was successfully overcome by gradually increasing the number of coefficients. The strategy was satisfactorily implemented to the field data. We applied the algorithm over the Los Humeros geothermal field in Mexico and fit a quadratic relationship between density and magnetization that exhibits two main zones consistent with previous works. The first one contains relatively low density and high magnetization. The second zone contains low density and low magnetization values. In this last zone, we emphasize that an observed link between low density, low magnetization, and major fault zones with high relevance to geothermal exploration is resulting from joint inversion, only. We achieved an enhanced petrophysical and structural integrated subsurface imaging in synthetic and field cases at the expense of slightly increased RMS misfit value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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27. Net‐Zero CO2 Germany—A Retrospect From the Year 2050.
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Mengis, Nadine, Kalhori, Aram, Simon, Sonja, Harpprecht, Carina, Baetcke, Lars, Prats‐Salvado, Enric, Schmidt‐Hattenberger, Cornelia, Stevenson, Angela, Dold, Christian, El Zohbi, Juliane, Borchers, Malgorzata, Thrän, Daniela, Korte, Klaas, Gawel, Erik, Dolch, Tobias, Heß, Dominik, Yeates, Christopher, Thoni, Terese, Markus, Till, and Schill, Eva
- Subjects
ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide ,CARBON dioxide sinks ,CARBON emissions ,CARBON dioxide ,CARRIERS ,ENERGY industries - Abstract
Germany 2050: For the first time Germany reached a balance between its sources of anthropogenic CO2 to the atmosphere and newly created anthropogenic sinks. This backcasting study presents a fictional future in which this goal was achieved by avoiding (∼645 Mt CO2), reducing (∼50 Mt CO2) and removing (∼60 Mt CO2) carbon emissions. This meant substantial transformation of the energy system, increasing energy efficiency, sector coupling, and electrification, energy storage solutions including synthetic energy carriers, sector‐specific solutions for industry, transport, and agriculture, as well as natural‐sink enhancement and technological carbon dioxide options. All of the above was necessary to achieve a net‐zero CO2 system for Germany by 2050. Plain Language Summary: Here a net‐zero‐2050 Germany is envisioned by combining analysis from an energy‐system model with insights into approaches that allow for a higher carbon circularity in the German system, and first results from assessments of national carbon dioxide removal potentials. A back‐casting perspective is applied on how net‐zero Germany could look like in 2050. We are looking back from 2050, and analyzing how Germany for the first time reached a balance between its sources of CO2 to the atmosphere and the anthropogenic sinks created. This would consider full decarbonization in the entire energy sector and being entirely emission‐free by 2050 within three priorities identified as being the most useful strategies for achieving net‐zero: (a) Avoiding‐ (b) Reducing‐ (c) Removing emissions. This work is a collaboration of interdisciplinary scientists with the Net‐Zero‐2050 cluster of the Helmholtz Climate Initiative HI‐CAM. Key Points: The net‐zero system shows that for countries like Germany, avoiding CO2 emissions was the largest contribution to achieve net‐zero CO2With the three strategies of emissions avoidance, reduction, and removal, Germany has achieved its net‐zero CO2 goal for the first timeIn addition, to natural sink enhancement carbon dioxide removal (CDR) options, technological CDR measures combined with geological CO2 storage were necessary to reach net‐zero CO2 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Utilization of abandoned hydrocarbon reservoir for deep geothermal heat storage
- Author
-
Stricker, Kai Robin, Grimmer, Jens, Meixner, Jörg, Schill, Eva, and Kohl, Thomas
- Subjects
Technology ,ddc:600 - Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Particle retention on granite as a function of residence time and particle size using a synthetic fracture flow cell
- Author
-
Stoll, Madeleine, Huber, Florian, Darbha, Gopala, Schill, Eva, and Schäfer, Thorsten
- Subjects
Earth sciences ,ddc:550 - Published
- 2016
30. Characterization of geothermally relevant structures at the top of crystalline basement in Switzerland by filters and gravity forward modelling
- Author
-
Abdelfettah, Yassine, Schill, Eva, Kuhn, Pascal, Abdelfettah, Yassine, Schill, Eva, and Kuhn, Pascal
- Abstract
Some of the major geothermal anomalies in central Europe are linked to tectonic structures within the top of crystalline basement, which modify strongly the top of this basement. Their assessment is a major challenge in exploration geophysics. Gravity has been proven to be suitable for the detection of mainly large scale lithological and structural inhomogeneities. Indeed, it is well known and proven by different wells that, for example, in northern Switzerland extended negative anomalies are linked to such structures. Due to depth limitation of wells, there vertical extension is often unknown. In this study, we have investigated the potential of gravity for the geometrical characterization of such basement structures. Our approach consists in the combination of the series of Butterworth filters, geological modelling and best-fitting between observed and computed residual anomalies. In this respect, filters of variable wavelength are applied to observed and computed gravity data. The geological model is discretized into a finite element mesh. Near-surface anomalies and the effect of the sedimentary cover were eliminated using cut-off wavelength of 10km and geological and seismic information. We analysed the potential of preferential Butterworth filtering in a sensitivity study and applied the above mentioned approach to part of the Swiss molasses basin. Sensitivity analyses reveal that such sets of residual anomalies represents a pseudo-tomography revealing the distribution of different structures with depth. This finding allows for interpreting negative anomalies in terms of 3-D volumes. Best-fitting then permits determination of the most likely 3-D geometries of such basement structures. Our model fits both, geological observations and gravity: among 10 deep boreholes in the studied area, six reach the respective units and confirm our distribution of the negative (and positive) anomalies
- Published
- 2017
31. Experiences from geothermal projects and necessity for a geoscientific underground laboratory
- Author
-
Kohl, Thomas, Schill, Eva, and Bremer, Judith
- Subjects
Upper Rhine Graben ,Earth sciences ,ddc:550 ,underground laboratory GeoLaB ,EGS ,geothermal engery ,Controlled High Flow rate Experiments (CHFE) - Published
- 2015
32. Hydraulic fracture monitoring in hard rock at 410 m depth with an advanced fluid-injection protocol and extensive sensor array
- Author
-
Zang, Arno, primary, Stephansson, Ove, additional, Stenberg, Leif, additional, Plenkers, Katrin, additional, Specht, Sebastian, additional, Milkereit, Claus, additional, Schill, Eva, additional, Kwiatek, Grzegorz, additional, Dresen, Georg, additional, Zimmermann, Günter, additional, Dahm, Torsten, additional, and Weber, Michael, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Resistivity distribution from mid-crustal conductor to near-surface across the 1200 km long Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault System, southern Chile
- Author
-
Held, Sebastian, primary, Schill, Eva, additional, Pavez, Maximiliano, additional, Díaz, Daniel, additional, Muñoz, Gerard, additional, Morata, Diego, additional, and Kohl, Thomas, additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Review: Thermal water resources in carbonate rock aquifers
- Author
-
Goldscheider, Nicola, Mádl-Szőnyi, Judit, Erőss, Anita, and Schill, Eva
- Abstract
Cet aperçu présente les connaissances actuelles sur les ressources en eau thermale des aquifères carbonatés, expose les processus géochimiques créant la porosité des réservoirs ainsi que les diverses modes d’utilisation de ces ressources, tels établissements thermaux, énergie géothermique, séquestration du CO2). Les aquifères carbonatés constituent probablement les réservoirs d’eau thermale les plus importantes hors zones volcaniques. Plusieurs processus regroupés sous le terme spéléogénèse contribuent à la formation de la porosité: remobilisation de la calcite, corrosion induite par flux de drainance, dissolution par acides terrigènes d’origine profonde. Des eaux thermales et minérales karstiques alimentent des stations thermales dans le monde entier, tels les fameux bains de Budapest, Hongrie. Des installations géothermiques utilisent ces ressources pour la production d’électricité, le chauffage urbain et autres usages, avec faibles émissions de CO2) et occupation du sol restreinte, e.g. la plus grande installation géothermique d’Allemagne, à Unterhaching près Munich. Faille régionale et champs de fractures sont souvent les zones les plus productives, mais quelques fois difficiles à localiser en raison de l’incertitude relativement forte de la recherche. Des dispositifs géothermiques sur roches carbonatées profondes pourraient aussi être utilisés pour la séquestration du CO2) (le gaz dissolvant le carbonate et augmentant de ce fait la porosité du réservoir). L’utilisation de dispositifs géothermiques à cette fin devrait être d’avantage explorée. The current knowledge on thermal water resources in carbonate rock aquifers is presented in this review, which also discusses geochemical processes that create reservoir porosity and different types of utilisations of these resources such as thermal baths, geothermal energy and carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration. Carbonate aquifers probably constitute the most important thermal water resources outside of volcanic areas. Several processes contribute to the creation of porosity, summarised under the term hypogenic (or hypogene) speleogenesis, including retrograde calcite solubility, mixing corrosion induced by cross-formational flow, and dissolution by geogenic acids from deep sources. Thermal and mineral waters from karst aquifers supply spas all over the world such as the famous bath in Budapest, Hungary. Geothermal installations use these resources for electricity production, district heating or other purposes, with low CO2) emissions and land consumption, e.g. Germany’s largest geothermal power plant at Unterhaching near Munich. Regional fault and fracture zones are often the most productive zones, but are sometimes difficult to locate, resulting in a relatively high exploration uncertainty. Geothermal installations in deep carbonate rocks could also be used for CO2) sequestration (carbonate dissolution would partly neutralise this gas and increase reservoir porosity). The use of geothermal installations to this end should be further investigated.
- Published
- 2012
35. Characterization of geothermally relevant structures at the top of crystalline basement in Switzerland by filters and gravity forward modelling
- Author
-
Abdelfettah, Yassine, primary, Schill, Eva, additional, and Kuhn, Pascal, additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Hydraulic fracture monitoring in hard rock at 410 m depth with an advanced fluid-injection protocol and extensive sensor array.
- Author
-
Zang, Arno, Stephansson, Ove, Stenberg, Leif, Plenkers, Katrin, Specht, Sebastian, Milkereit, Claus, Schill, Eva, Kwiatek, Grzegorz, Dresen, Georg, Zimmermann, Günter, Dahm, Torsten, and Weber, Michael
- Subjects
HARD rock mining ,HYDRAULIC fracturing ,HEAT exchangers ,MICROSEISMS ,ACOUSTIC emission ,ELECTROMAGNETISM - Abstract
In this paper, an underground experiment at the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory (HRL) is described. Main goal is optimizing geothermal heat exchange in crystalline rock mass at depth by multistage hydraulic fracturing with minimal impact on the environment, that is, seismic events. For this, three arrays with acoustic emission, microseismicity and electromagnetic sensors are installed mapping hydraulic fracture initiation and growth. Fractures are driven by three different water injection schemes (continuous, progressive and pulse pressurization). After a brief review of hydraulic fracture operations in crystalline rock mass at mine scale, the site geology and the stress conditions at Äspö HRL are described. Then, the continuous, single-flow rate and alternative, multiple-flow rate fracture breakdown tests in a horizontal borehole at depth level 410 m are described together with the monitoring networks and sensitivity. Monitoring results include the primary catalogue of acoustic emission hypocentres obtained from four hydraulic fractures with the in situ trigger and localizing network. The continuous versus alternative water injection schemes are discussed in terms of the fracture breakdown pressure, the fracture pattern from impression packer result and the monitoring at the arrays. An example of multistage hydraulic fracturing with several phases of opening and closing of fracture walls is evaluated using data from acoustic emissions, seismic broad-band recordings and electromagnetic signal response. Based on our limited amount of in situ tests (six) and evaluation of three tests in Ävrö granodiorite, in the multiple-flow rate test with progressively increasing target pressure, the acoustic emission activity starts at a later stage in the fracturing process compared to the conventional fracturing case with continuous water injection. In tendency, also the total number and magnitude of acoustic events are found to be smaller in the progressive treatment with frequent phases of depressurization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Resistivity distribution from mid-crustal conductor to near-surface across the 1200km long Liquiñne-Ofqui Fault System, southern Chile.
- Author
-
Held, Sebastian, SchilL, Eva, Pavez, Maximiliano, Díaz, Daniel, Muñoz, Gerard, Morata, Diego, and Kohl, Thomas
- Subjects
- *
EARTH resistance (Geophysics) , *NEAR-surface geophysics , *CRUST of the earth , *FAULT zones - Abstract
Mid-crustal conductors are a common phenomenon in magnetotelluric studies. In the Andean Cordillera of southern Chile, they appear to concentrate along major fault zones. A highresolution, broad-band magnetotelluric survey including 31 stations has been carried out along two profiles perpendicular to (1) the Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault Systems (LOFS) and (2) the Villarrica-Quetrupillán-Laín volcanic lineament running parallel to the Mocha-Villarrica Fault Zone (MVFZ). The survey aimed at tracing one of the known conductors from mid-crustal depth to near-surface along these faults. Directionality and dimensionality were analysed using tensor decomposition. Phase tensors and induction arrows reveal two major geoelectric strike directions following the strike of LOFS and MVFZ. 2-D inversion shows low resistivity zones along both fault systems down to a depth of >10 km, where the brittle-ductile transition is expected. Along the LOFS, the two anomalies are linked to (1) Lake Caburgua, where the LOFS broadens to about 2 km of lateral extension and seems to represent a pull-apart structure, and (2) the intersection with the Villarrica-Quetrupillán-Laín volcanic lineament, where seismic activitywas observed during the latest eruption inMarch 2015.Aconnection of the mid-crustal conductor to the ESE-WNW-striking fault zones is indicated from the presented data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. 2-D Magnetotellurics at the geothermal site at Soultz-sous-Forêts: Resistivity distribution to about 3000m depth
- Author
-
Geiermann, Johannes, primary and Schill, Eva, additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. 20 Ma of lateral mass transfer around the western Himalayan syntaxis
- Author
-
Schill, Eva, primary and Holt, William E, primary
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Review: Thermal water resources in carbonate rock aquifers
- Author
-
Goldscheider, Nicola, Mádl-Szőnyi, Judit, Erőss, Anita, Schill, Eva, Goldscheider, Nicola, Mádl-Szőnyi, Judit, Erőss, Anita, and Schill, Eva
- Abstract
Cet aperçu présente les connaissances actuelles sur les ressources en eau thermale des aquifères carbonatés, expose les processus géochimiques créant la porosité des réservoirs ainsi que les diverses modes d’utilisation de ces ressources, tels établissements thermaux, énergie géothermique, séquestration du CO2). Les aquifères carbonatés constituent probablement les réservoirs d’eau thermale les plus importantes hors zones volcaniques. Plusieurs processus regroupés sous le terme spéléogénèse contribuent à la formation de la porosité: remobilisation de la calcite, corrosion induite par flux de drainance, dissolution par acides terrigènes d’origine profonde. Des eaux thermales et minérales karstiques alimentent des stations thermales dans le monde entier, tels les fameux bains de Budapest, Hongrie. Des installations géothermiques utilisent ces ressources pour la production d’électricité, le chauffage urbain et autres usages, avec faibles émissions de CO2) et occupation du sol restreinte, e.g. la plus grande installation géothermique d’Allemagne, à Unterhaching près Munich. Faille régionale et champs de fractures sont souvent les zones les plus productives, mais quelques fois difficiles à localiser en raison de l’incertitude relativement forte de la recherche. Des dispositifs géothermiques sur roches carbonatées profondes pourraient aussi être utilisés pour la séquestration du CO2) (le gaz dissolvant le carbonate et augmentant de ce fait la porosité du réservoir). L’utilisation de dispositifs géothermiques à cette fin devrait être d’avantage explorée., The current knowledge on thermal water resources in carbonate rock aquifers is presented in this review, which also discusses geochemical processes that create reservoir porosity and different types of utilisations of these resources such as thermal baths, geothermal energy and carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration. Carbonate aquifers probably constitute the most important thermal water resources outside of volcanic areas. Several processes contribute to the creation of porosity, summarised under the term hypogenic (or hypogene) speleogenesis, including retrograde calcite solubility, mixing corrosion induced by cross-formational flow, and dissolution by geogenic acids from deep sources. Thermal and mineral waters from karst aquifers supply spas all over the world such as the famous bath in Budapest, Hungary. Geothermal installations use these resources for electricity production, district heating or other purposes, with low CO2) emissions and land consumption, e.g. Germany’s largest geothermal power plant at Unterhaching near Munich. Regional fault and fracture zones are often the most productive zones, but are sometimes difficult to locate, resulting in a relatively high exploration uncertainty. Geothermal installations in deep carbonate rocks could also be used for CO2) sequestration (carbonate dissolution would partly neutralise this gas and increase reservoir porosity). The use of geothermal installations to this end should be further investigated.
41. Characterization of geothermally relevant structures at the top of crystalline basement in Switzerland by filters and gravity forward modelling
- Author
-
Abdelfettah, Yassine, Schill, Eva, Kuhn, Pascal, Abdelfettah, Yassine, Schill, Eva, and Kuhn, Pascal
- Abstract
Some of the major geothermal anomalies in central Europe are linked to tectonic structures within the top of crystalline basement, which modify strongly the top of this basement. Their assessment is a major challenge in exploration geophysics. Gravity has been proven to be suitable for the detection of mainly large scale lithological and structural inhomogeneities. Indeed, it is well known and proven by different wells that, for example, in northern Switzerland extended negative anomalies are linked to such structures. Due to depth limitation of wells, there vertical extension is often unknown. In this study, we have investigated the potential of gravity for the geometrical characterization of such basement structures. Our approach consists in the combination of the series of Butterworth filters, geological modelling and best-fitting between observed and computed residual anomalies. In this respect, filters of variable wavelength are applied to observed and computed gravity data. The geological model is discretized into a finite element mesh. Near-surface anomalies and the effect of the sedimentary cover were eliminated using cut-off wavelength of 10km and geological and seismic information. We analysed the potential of preferential Butterworth filtering in a sensitivity study and applied the above mentioned approach to part of the Swiss molasses basin. Sensitivity analyses reveal that such sets of residual anomalies represents a pseudo-tomography revealing the distribution of different structures with depth. This finding allows for interpreting negative anomalies in terms of 3-D volumes. Best-fitting then permits determination of the most likely 3-D geometries of such basement structures. Our model fits both, geological observations and gravity: among 10 deep boreholes in the studied area, six reach the respective units and confirm our distribution of the negative (and positive) anomalies
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