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Background: Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent types of cancer in Iranian women and the second cause of death in women worldwide. Gene mutations are the key determinants of the disease; therefore, the genetic study of this disease is of paramount importance. One of the genetic evaluation methods of this disease is microarray technology, which allows the examination of the simultaneous expression of thousands of genes. Clustering is the method for analyzing high-dimension data, which we used in the present research for collecting similar genes in separated clusters. Method: A descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was carried out to evaluate unsupervised learning models of gene expression analysis and five bi-clustering methods (including PLAID (PL), Fabia, Bimax, Cheng & Church (CC), and Xmotif) were compared. For this purpose, we obtained the microarray gene expression data for lapatinib-resistant breast cancer cell lines from previously published research. The enrichment efficacy of the clusters was evaluated with gene ontology, and the results of these five models were compared with the Jaccard index, variance stability, least-square error, and goodness of fit indices. Furthermore, the results of the best model were assessed for building a genes sets network with Bayesian networks. Results: After preprocessing, clustering was performed on the data with the dimension (4710 x 18) of the genes. Four models, except for CC, successfully found bi-clusters in the data set. The data evaluation revealed that the results of the models were almost the same, but the PL model performed better than the others, finding 11 bi-clusters; this model was used to build the network of gene sets. Conclusion: According to the results, the PL method was suitable for clustering the data. Accordingly, it could be recommended for data analysis. In addition, the gene sets network formed on gene expression data was incompetent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The unique expression pattern of prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) in a number of prevalent neoplasms has made the antigen a great target for cancer researches, and many clinical methods have been developed based on the application of this tumor marker. Hence, optimal PSCA laboratory production can be considered a hallmark for many researchers., Objective: An analytical study was designed to improve the quality and quantity of PSCA production., Materials and Methods: The effects of different compositions of lysis buffers and some ultrasound durations were assessed by calculation of the protein recovery followed by PSCA specific blotting experiments. Then, based on the results of the web-based characterization, interference removal, followed by re-solubilization of the protein in various buffers, was designed, applied, and assessed., Results: Since the selection of an appropriate methodology depends merely on the research purposes, we tried to discuss the pros and cons of the investigated methods according to the hydrophobic nature of PSCA as well as its dramatic tendency to aggregate in the form of inclusion bodies in the expression hosts., Conclusions: We introduced a newly designed method to fit the delicate immunological surveys and overcome some limiting factors in PSCA production., (Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s); Published by Iranian Journal of Biotechnology.)