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Several decolonization regimens have been studied to prevent recurrent methicillin-resistantMRSA-colonized patients were randomized to receive either standard or systemic decolonization. Follow-up with MRSA screening was obtained at approximately 3, 6, and 12 months after completion of therapy. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were calculated and assessed for significant differences using log-rank tests.Of 98 enrolled patients (25 standard decolonization, 73 systemic decolonization), 24 patients (7 standard decolonization, 17 systemic decolonization) did not complete the study. Univariate analysis showed a marginally significant difference in the probability of remaining MRSA-negative post-treatment (Initial MRSA clearance is more readily achieved with systemic decolonization than with standard decolonization. There is no significant difference in the probability of sustained MRSA clearance.Plusieurs schémas de décolonisation ont été étudiés pour prévenir la récurrence d’infections àDes patients colonisés par le SARM ont été choisis au hasard pour recevoir une décolonisation standard ou systémique. Les chercheurs ont obtenu les données de suivi par un dépistage du SARM environ trois, six et 12 mois après la fin du traitement. Ils ont calculé la courbe de survie de Kaplan-Meier et l’ont évaluée pour déterminer les différences importantes au moyen des tests logarithmiques par rang.Des 98 patients inscrits (25 par décolonisation standard, 73 par décolonisation systémique), 24 n’ont pas terminé l’étude (sept par décolonisation standard, 17 par décolonisation systémique). L’analyse univariée a révélé une différence légèrement significative quant à la probabilité de demeurer négatif au SARM après le traitement (La clairance initiale du SARM est plus facile à obtenir par une décolonisation systémique que standard. La clairance initiale du SARM était obtenue plus rapidement par la décolonisation systémique que standard. Il n’y a pas de différence significative dans la probabilité de clairance soutenue du SARM.

We investigated whether the increased prevalence of gentamicin resistance in Salmonella from human infections was related to a similar increased prevalence in isolates from broiler chickens and whether this increase may have been due to coselection from use of lincomycin-spectinomycin in chickens on farms. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on gentamicin-resistant (Gen(r)) Salmonella isolates from human and chicken sources collected from 2014 to 2017 by the Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS). We determined the genomic relatedness of strains and characterized resistance genes and plasmids. From 2014 to 2017, 247 isolates of Gen(r) Salmonella were identified by CIPARS: 188 were from humans, and 59 were from chicken sources (26 from live animals on farm and 33 from retail meat). The five most common Gen(r) serovars were Salmonella enterica serovars Heidelberg (n = 93; 31.5%), 4,[5],12:i:− (n = 42; 14.2%), Kentucky (n = 37; 12.5%), Infantis (n = 33; 11.2%), and Typhimurium (n = 23; 7.8%). Phylogenomic analysis revealed that for S. Heidelberg and S. Infantis, there were closely related isolates from human and chicken sources. In both sources, resistance to gentamicin and spectinomycin was most frequently conferred by aac(3)-VIa and ant(3′′)-Ia, respectively. Plasmid closure confirmed linkages of gentamicin and spectinomycin resistance genes and revealed instances of similar plasmids from both sources. Gentamicin and spectinomycin resistance genes were linked on the same plasmids, and some plasmids and isolates from humans and chickens were genetically similar, suggesting that the use of lincomycin-spectinomycin in chickens may be selecting for gentamicin-resistant Salmonella in broiler chickens and that these resistant strains may be acquired by humans.

We report emergence of ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky in Canada during 2003-2009. All isolates had similar macrorestriction patterns and were multilocus sequence type ST198, which has been observed in Europe and Africa. Ciprofloxacin-resistant S. enterica serovar Kentucky represents 66% of all ciprofloxacin-resistant nontyphoidal Salmonella sp. isolates observed in Canada since 2003.

Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative anaerobe that is known to colonize household pets; in fact, it has been reported to be present in a majority of cats and dogs. P multocida can cause a variety of infections in humans, of which skin infections are the most common. This article describes a case involving a 56-year-old man who developed meningitis caused by P multocida following tympanomastoidectomy. The authors discuss the treatment course and most likely route of infection in this case, and summarize the cases of P multocida-associated meningitis presented in the literature., Pasteurella multocida is a rare cause of bacterial meningitis. A 56-year-old man with several pets developed a profoundly decreased level of consciousness following left tympanomastoidectomy. Lumbar puncture produced cerebrospinal fluid with the typical findings of meningitis (low glucose, high protein, high leukocytes). Cultures from the cerebrospinal fluid and a swab of the left ear revealed Gram-negative coccobacillus identified as P multocida. The organism was sensitive to ceftriaxone, ampicillin and penicillin, and a 14-day course of intravenous penicillin was used as definitive treatment, resulting in full recovery. Although rare, P multocida should be considered as a potential cause of meningitis in patients with animal exposure, particularly in the setting of recent cranial surgery.