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1. Observation of a spectral hardening in cosmic ray boron spectrum with the DAMPE space mission

Author: DAMPE Collaboration, Alemanno, F., Altomare, C., An, Q., Azzarello, P., Barbato, F. C. T., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Boutin, H., Cagnoli, I., Cai, M. S., Casilli, E., Catanzani, E., Chang, J., Chen, D. Y., Chen, J. L., Chen, Z. F., Chen, Z. X., Coppin, P., Cui, M. Y., Cui, T. S., Cui, Y. X., De Mitri, I., de Palma, F., Di Giovanni, A., Dong, T. K., Dong, Z. X., Donvito, G., Droz, D., Duan, J. L., Duan, K. K., Fan, R. R., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, F., Fang, K., Feng, C. Q., Feng, L., Frieden, J. M., Fusco, P., Gao, M., Gargano, F., Ghose, E., Gong, K., Gong, Y. Z., Guo, D. Y., Guo, J. H., Han, S. X., Hu, Y. M., Huang, G. S., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y. Y., Ionica, M., Jiang, L. Y., Jiang, Y. Z., Jiang, W., Kong, J., Kotenko, A., Kyratzis, D., Lei, S. J., Li, W. H., Li, W. L., Li, X., Li, X. Q., Liang, Y. M., Liu, C. M., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, S. B., Liu, Y., Loparco, F., Ma, M., Ma, P. X., Ma, T., Ma, X. Y., Marsella, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mo, D., Niu, X. Y., Parenti, A., Peng, W. X., Peng, X. Y., Perrina, C., Putti-Garcia, E., Qiao, R., Rao, J. N., Sarkar, R., Savina, P., Serpolla, A., Shangguan, Z., Shen, W. H., Shen, Z. Q., Shen, Z. T., Silveri, L., Song, J. X., Stolpovskiy, M., Su, H., Su, M., Sun, H. R., Sun, Z. Y., Surdo, A., Teng, X. J., Tykhonov, A., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L. G., Wang, S., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y., Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. F., Wu, D., Wu, J., Wu, S. S., Wu, X., Xia, Z. Q., Xu, E. H., Xu, H. T., Xu, J., Xu, Z. H., Xu, Z. L., Xu, Z. Z., Xue, G. F., Yang, H. B., Yang, P., Yang, Y. Q., Yao, H. J., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, C., Zang, J. J., Zhang, S. X., Zhang, W. Z., Zhang, Yan, Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Y. P., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, X. F., Zhou, C. Y., and Zhu, Y.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Secondary cosmic ray fluxes are important probes of the propagation and interaction of high-energy particles in the Galaxy. Recent measurements of primary and secondary cosmic ray nuclei have revealed unexpected spectral features that demand a deeper understanding. In this work we report the direct measurement of the cosmic ray boron spectrum from 10 GeV/n to 8 TeV/n with eight years of data collected by the Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) mission. The measured spectrum shows an evident hardening at $182\pm24$ GeV/n with a spectral power index of $\gamma_1 = 3.02 \pm 0.01$ before the break and an index change of $\Delta \gamma = 0.31 \pm 0.05$ after the break. A simple power law model is disfavored at a confidence level of 8$\sigma$. Compared with the hardenings measured in the DAMPE proton and helium spectra, the secondary boron spectrum hardens roughly twice as much as these primaries, which is consistent with a propagation related mechanism to interpret the spectral hardenings of cosmic rays observed at hundreds of GeV/n., Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures, submitted to PRL
Published: 2024

2. Hadronic cross section measurements with the DAMPE space mission using 20GeV-10TeV cosmic-ray protons and $^4$He

Author: Alemanno, F., An, Q., Azzarello, P., Barbato, F. C. T., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cagnoli, I., Cai, M. S., Casilli, E., Catanzani, E., Chang, J., Chen, D. Y., Chen, J. L., Chen, Z. F., Coppin, P., Cui, M. Y., Cui, T. S., Cui, Y. X., Dai, H. T., De Benedittis, A., De Mitri, I., de Palma, F., Di Giovanni, A., Ding, Q., Dong, T. K., Dong, Z. X., Donvito, G., Droz, D., Duan, J. L., Duan, K. K., Fan, R. R., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, F., Fang, K., Feng, C. Q., Feng, L., Frieden, J. M., Fusco, P., Gao, M., Gargano, F., Gong, K., Gong, Y. Z., Guo, D. Y., Guo, J. H., Han, S. X., Hu, Y. M., Huang, G. S., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y. Y., Ionica, M., Jiang, L. Y., Jiang, Y. Z., Jiang, W., Kong, J., Kotenko, A., Kyratzis, D., Lei, S. J., Li, W. H., Li, W. L., Li, X., Li, X. Q., Liang, Y. M., Liu, C. M., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, S. B., Liu, Y., Loparco, F., Luo, C. N., Ma, M., Ma, P. X., Ma, T., Ma, X. Y., Marsella, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mo, D., Niu, X. Y., Pan, X., Parenti, A., Peng, W. X., Peng, X. Y., Perrina, C., Putti-Garcia, E., Qiao, R., Rao, J. N., Ruina, A., Sarkar, R., Savina, P., Serpolla, A., Shangguan, Z., Shen, W. H., Shen, Z. Q., Shen, Z. T., Silveri, L., Song, J. X., Stolpovskiy, M., Su, H., Su, M., Sun, H. R., Sun, Z. Y., Surdo, A., Teng, X. J., Tykhonov, A., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L. G., Wang, S., Wang, S. X., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. F., Wu, D., Wu, J., Wu, S. S., Wu, X., Xia, Z. Q., Xu, H. T., Xu, J., Xu, Z. H., Xu, Z. L., Xu, E. H., Xu, Z. Z., Xue, G. F., Yang, H. B., Yang, P., Yang, Y. Q., Yao, H. J., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, G. W., Yuan, Q., Yue, C., Zang, J. J., Zhang, S. X., Zhang, W. Z., Zhang, Yan, Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Y. P., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, X. F., Zhou, C. Y., and Zhu, Y.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Precise direct cosmic-ray (CR) measurements provide an important probe to study the energetic particle sources in our Galaxy, and the interstellar environment through which these particles propagate. Uncertainties on hadronic models, ion-nucleon cross sections in particular, are currently the limiting factor towards obtaining more accurate CR ion flux measurements with calorimetric space-based experiments. We present an energy-dependent measurement of the inelastic cross section of protons and helium-4 nuclei (alpha particles) on a Bi$_4$Ge$_3$O$_{12}$ target, using 88 months of data collected by the DAMPE space mission. The kinetic energy range per nucleon of the measurement points ranges from 18 GeV to 9 TeV for protons, and from 5 GeV/n to 3 TeV/n for helium-4 nuclei. Our results lead to a significant improvement of the CR flux normalisation. In the case of helium-4, these results correspond to the first cross section measurements on a heavy target material at energies above 10 GeV/n., Comment: Published in PRD
Published: 2024
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3. Cool matter distribution in inner solar corona from 2023 total solar eclipse observation

Author: Qu, Z. Q., Su, H., Liang, Y., Xu, Z., and Zhou, R. Y.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: Solar corona has been judged to consist of free electrons and highly ionized ions with extremely high temperature as a widely accepted knowledge. This view is changed by our eclipse observations. Distributions of cool matter represented by neutral iron atoms in hot inner solar corona are presented via derived global maps of solar Fraunhofer(F-) and Emission(E-) coronae, compared with those of continuum(Kontinuierlich, K-) corona formed by free electrons. The maps are obtained from simultaneous observations of dual filtering bands centered respectively at 659.4nm and 660.1nm, performed from twin telescopes during the total solar eclipse on April 20, 2023 at Com town of East Timor, assisted for judgement via spectral images obtained by a portable spectrograph. They show respectively presences of these neutral iron atoms yielding 659.3nm and 659.4nm lines in both the quiet sun and active regions. The distribution of the cool matter in form of line depression forms an inner F-corona, different from that of the cool matter in form of line enhancement. Both the distributions show a crucial difference from that of the free electrons represented by the K-corona map. It is also found that intensities of the F-corona and the E-corona induced by these neutral atoms are only small fractions of the K-corona, and the diffusion can be seen clearly in all these maps. They uncover also that the coronal heating resources do not distribute pervasively but likely form a thermodynamic griddle where minor photospheric neutral atoms can escape from the heating into the corona globally.
Published: 2024

4. Effect of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine Premedication on Sufentanil Median Effective Concentration During Tracheal Intubation in Obese Patients: A Randomized Controlled Study

Author: Zeng Q, Li J, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Su H, and Tu F
Subjects: dexmedetomidine, median effective concentration, sufentanil, obesity, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Qi Zeng,1,&ast; Jinjie Li,2,&ast; Yanrong Liu,1 Yiran Zhang,1 Hang Su,1 Faping Tu1 1Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, People’s Republic of China; 2Operating Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Faping Tu, Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13808270833, Email tfpnc@163.comPurpose: Sufentanil is a potent opioid analgesic frequently used to suppress the tracheal intubation response. The pathophysiological changes of obesity may affect opioid pharmacokinetics and increase the risk of opioid-induced adverse effects. Dexmedetomidine as an adjunct to anesthetic induction could save the dosage of sufentanil and attenuate hemodynamic response to tracheal intubation. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of intravenous dexmedetomidine premedication on the median effective concentration (EC50) of sufentanil for tracheal intubation in obese patients.Patients and Methods: Fifty obese patients undergoing elective bariatric or non-bariatric surgery under general anesthesia with tracheal intubation were equally randomized into the dexmedetomidine group and the saline group. Depending on the group, the patients were intravenously premedicated with 1 μg/kg dexmedetomidine or saline before anesthesia induction. Anesthesia was induced with target-controlled infusion of propofol (at 3.5 μg/mL) and sufentanil. The effect-site concentration of sufentanil for the first patient in the two groups was set at 0.4 ng/mL. The concentration of sufentanil for the next patient was determined using Dixon’s up-and-down sequential method with an interval of 0.05 ng/mL, according to the responses of the previous patient. Hemodynamic variables and sufentanil dose were recorded. The EC50 and 95% confidence interval (CI) of sufentanil were determined using probit regression analysis.Results: The EC50 of sufentanil and 95% CI were 0.25 (95% CI, 0.17– 0.31) ng/mL in the dexmedetomidine group and 0.43 (95% CI, 0.34– 0.46) ng/mL in the saline group (P < 0.05). The dosage of sufentanil was significantly lower in the former than in the latter. The hemodynamics were stable in both groups during the study.Conclusion: Intravenous premedication with 1 μg/kg dexmedetomidine significantly decreased the EC50 of sufentanil and sufentanil requirement for tracheal intubation in obese patients.Keywords: dexmedetomidine, median effective concentration, sufentanil, obesity
Published: 2025

5. Low Serum Cholinesterase Levels Predict Poor Prognosis in Patients with Ovarian Cancer

Author: Su H, Liao D, Huang C, Liu Q, and Yu L
Subjects: cholinesterase, ovarian cancer, disease-free survival, overall survival., Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Hailan Su,1,&ast; Danfeng Liao,2,&ast; Chaolin Huang,2 Qin Liu,3 Lingfang Yu1 1Department of Gynecology, Suzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Lingfang Yu, Department of Gynecology, Suzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, No. 2666, Ludang Road, Wujiang District, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 215200, People’s Republic of China, Email yulingfang2024@163.com Qin Liu, Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, No. 278, The Middle Section of Baoguang Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, 610500, People’s Republic of China, Email 519791695@qq.comObjective: Previous studies reported that low cholinesterase (ChE) levels were associated with poor prognosis in various cancers, including bladder, pancreatic, lung, and colorectal cancers. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of serum ChE levels as a prognostic biomarker in ovarian cancer.Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted on 168 patients diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer at the Suzhou Ninth People’s Hospital from 2019 to 2020. Serum ChE levels were measured before initiating treatment and stratified into low and high groups based on the median level (7600 U/L). Clinical and pathological data, such as FIGO stage, age, tumor histological type, and survival outcomes, were collected. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to assess the relationship between ChE levels and overall survival and disease-free survival.Results: ChE levels were significantly correlated with clinicopathological features of epithelial ovarian cancer, including FIGO stage (p < 0.001), surgery completeness (p = 0.001), and platinum-resistant (p = 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that patients in the low ChE group had significantly worse overall survival (p = 0.003) and disease-free survival (p = 0.005) than those in the high ChE group. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified low serum ChE levels as an independent predictor of poor overall survival and disease-free survival.Conclusion: Low serum ChE levels are independently associated with poor prognosis in ovarian cancer patients, reflecting systemic inflammation, malnutrition, and potential hepatic dysfunction. These findings suggest that ChE could serve as a cost-effective and non-invasive biomarker for risk stratification and prognosis in clinical practice.Keywords: cholinesterase, ovarian cancer, disease-free survival, overall survival
Published: 2025

6. Association of Serum Ferritin Levels With Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Overweight/Obese US Populations: A Population-Based Study From the NHANES

Author: Zhang Y, Zhou P, Xu C, Su H, Li R, Sun L, and Yang Y
Subjects: ferritin, obstructive sleep apnea, overweight/obese, all-cause mortality, nhanes, Psychiatry, RC435-571, Neurophysiology and neuropsychology, QP351-495
Abstract: Yang Zhang,1,&ast; Pinglang Zhou,2,&ast; Chuan Xu,3,&ast; Hua Su,1 Rendong Li,1 Longhua Sun,2 Yihan Yang1 1Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Jiangxi Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China; 2The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yihan Yang, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Jiangxi Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China, Email yangyihan@email.ncu.edu.cn Longhua Sun, The Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China, Email ndyfy05715@ncu.edu.cnObjective: To investigate the relationship between serum ferritin levels and OSA in overweight/obese individuals and assess the association between ferritin levels and all-cause mortality in overweight/obese female OSA patients.Methods: Cross-sectional (n = 4,809) and prospective (n = 832) data from overweight/obese adults from the 2005– 2008, and 2015-March 2020 NHANES cycles were analyzed. Participants were categorized into quartiles (Q1-Q4) based on their ln-transformed serum ferritin levels. Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline regression (RCS) investigate associations. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses and Cox proportional hazards regression examined the relationship between ferritin levels and all-cause mortality in OSA patients.Results: After adjusting for potential confounding factors, we found that ln-transformed ferritin levels were associated with an increased risk of OSA (Q4 vs Q2: OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01– 1.13, P = 0.020, P for trend = 0.010). A non-linear U-shaped association was observed between ferritin levels and OSA risk (P-non-linear = 0.029), with an inflection point at ln-transformed ferritin of 4.58 (corresponding to a serum ferritin concentration of 97.51 ng/mL). In female OSA patients, elevated ferritin levels were associated with increased all-cause mortality risk (Q4 vs Q2: HR: 5.46, 95% CI: 1.18– 25.16, P = 0.029, P for trend = 0.032).Conclusion: Ferritin levels in overweight/obese individuals show a U-shaped relationship with OSA risk, and elevated levels correlate with increased all-cause mortality in female overweight/obese OSA patients. In the future, further research is needed to explore the potential associations between ferritin, inflammation, obesity, and OSA.Keywords: ferritin, obstructive sleep apnea, overweight/obese, all-cause mortality, NHANES
Published: 2025

7. Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose Lenvatinib and Toripalimab in Patients With Recurrent Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer: Study Protocol of a Multicenter, Open-Label, Single-Arm, Phase II Clinical Trial

Author: Su H, Shang X, Liu H, Wang Y, Yu Y, Xu Y, Jiang K, and Feng F
Subjects: ovarian cancer, platinum-resistant, immune checkpoint inhibitor, lenvatinib, dose adjustment, Gynecology and obstetrics, RG1-991
Abstract: Hao Su,1,&ast; Xiao Shang,1,&ast; Hongruo Liu,2 Yutong Wang,1 Yang Yu,3 Yanhua Xu,4 Kui Jiang,2,&ast; Fengzhi Feng1,&ast; 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xing’an League People’s Hospital, Xing’an League, Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jinan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Fengzhi Feng, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuai Fu Yuan, Dong Cheng District, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of China, Email fengfz1969@sina.com Kui Jiang, Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116023, People’s Republic of China, Email jk0411@163.comPurpose: Therapeutic options for patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (PROC) remain a major unmet need. PROC patients with multiple recurrences are unable to continue highly toxic treatment after prior multiple lines of systemic therapy. Chemotherapy-free option lenvatinib plus anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) combination therapy has shown promising results in several malignancies including ovarian cancer, but the toxicity of a high starting dose of lenvatinib is also notable and needs to be improved. Our previous pilot study indicated that a reduced starting dose of lenvatinib may maintain comparable anti-tumor activity with favorable safety in heavily pre-treated ovarian cancer. This study is designed to further validate the efficacy and safety of the combination therapy of low-dose lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitor toripalimab in patients with recurrent PROC.Study Design and Methods: The study is designed as a multicenter, open-label, single-arm, prospective phase II study. Patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer who have disease progression either during or within 6 months after completion of platinum-based therapy will be included. A total of 69 participants will receive low-dose lenvatinib (8 mg or 12 mg, daily, orally, based on patient’s body weight) and toripalimab (240 mg, every 21 days, intravenously). Treatment will continue until the development of unacceptable toxicity or disease progression. The primary endpoint is the progression-free survival. The secondary endpoints include objective response rate, duration of response, disease control rate, overall survival, toxicity and patients’ quality of life. Exploratory objectives aim to identify biomarkers and molecular signatures for predicting response or prognosis.Keywords: ovarian cancer, platinum-resistant, immune checkpoint inhibitor, lenvatinib, dose adjustment
Published: 2025

8. Correlation Between Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: Analysis of Intestinal Microbiome and Metabolic Characteristics

Author: Wang ZT, Tan WT, Huang JL, Zhang PF, Li Q, Wang MM, Meng MM, Su H, Guo CM, and Liu H
Subjects: gastroesophageal reflux disease；small intestinal bacterial overgrowth；hydrogen-methane breath test；gut microbiota；microbial metabolites, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Zi-Teng Wang,1,2,&ast; Wen-Tao Tan,1,&ast; Jia-Li Huang,1 Peng-Fei Zhang,3 Qian Li,1 Miao-Miao Wang,1 Ming-Ming Meng,1 Hui Su,1 Chun-Mei Guo,1 Hong Liu1 1Gastroenterology Department, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Gastroenterology Department, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Emergency Department, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hong Liu, Email liuhong_sjt@ccmu.edu.cnBackground: Our study examines the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), focusing on the potential impact of acid-suppressive drugs. We also explore changes in gut microbiota and metabolism in patients with both conditions.Methods: This study included patients from the Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, between February 2021 and November 2023. All patients underwent assessments including questionnaires, hydrogen and methane breath tests, and gastroscopy. GERD was diagnosed using the GERD-Q scale and gastroscopy, while SIBO was diagnosed via breath tests. We analyzed the correlation between GERD and SIBO, identified risk factors for SIBO, and examined the gut microbiota using 16S rRNA sequencing to explore the relationship between GERD and SIBO.Results: The retrospective study included 394 patients.148 with GERD and 287 with positive SIBO results. Among these, 270 had a positive methane (CH4) breath test and 97 had a positive hydrogen (H2) breath test. GERD was more common in patients with positive SIBO (P = 0.007), and the link between CH4 breath tests and GERD was stronger than that with H2 breath tests (P = 0.020). Logistic regression showed GERD is an independent risk factor for SIBO. Short-term, low-dose acid-suppressive drugs did not affect SIBO development. 16S rRNA sequencing of fecal microbiota from 24 patients showed dominant microbiota in SIBO-positive GERD patients included bacteroides uniformis and bacteroides stercoris. Patients with both GERD and SIBO had differential metabolites, mainly associated with ATP-Binding Cassette transporters (ABC transporters).Conclusion: GERD is strongly linked to SIBO, especially in patients with a positive CH4 breath test. The gut microbiota in GERD and SIBO patients differs from healthy individuals, with bacteroides uniformis as a key marker. Metabolic changes are mainly related to ABC transporter metabolites.Keywords: gastroesophageal reflux disease, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, hydrogen-methane breath test, gut microbiota, microbial metabolites
Published: 2025

9. Association of the Monocyte to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio and Neutrophil to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio With the Severity of New-Onset Coronary Artery Disease

Author: Shu H, Han S, Qiu W, Li J, Zhang X, Su H, Wu H, Zhao G, and Li Q
Subjects: monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, coronary artery disease, coronary artery disease severity, gensini score., Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Hongyun Shu,1,&ast; Sisi Han,1,&ast; Weiping Qiu,1 Jianhong Li,1 Xiaoyong Zhang,1 Haicui Su,1 Hongjie Wu,2 Guojun Zhao,1 Qiaowen Li3 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Qingyuan Hospital (Qingyuan People’s Hospital) of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Urology, The Affiliated Qingyuan Hospital (Qingyuan People’s Hospital) of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 3Institute of Gerontology, The Affiliated Guangzhou Geriatric Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Qiaowen Li, Institute of Gerontology, Guangzhou Geriatric Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China, Email Stevenxzf@sina.com Guojun Zhao, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Qingyuan Hospital (Qingyuan People’s Hospital) of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China, Email zhaoguojun@gzhmu.edu.cnBackground: The monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MHR) and neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR) are novel comprehensive indicators reflecting the body’s inflammation and lipid metabolism. Previous studies have found that MHR and NHR are associated with the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events and death. However, the correlation between MHR, NHR, and the severity of newly diagnosed coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been thoroughly explored.Methods: In this retrospective study, we enrolled 1489 patients who underwent coronary angiography for the first time between January 2022 and December 2023, of which 1143 were diagnosed with CAD. The severity of CAD was gauged by the Gensini score (GS). The relationship between MHR and NHR with CAD was validated through logistic regression analysis, adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and medication therapy. The nonlinear relationship between MHR and NHR with CAD and GS was assessed by using restricted cubic spline (RCS) models. Their independent and combined predictive effects on CAD were evaluated through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.Results: MHR and NHR were independently associated with CAD (both P< 0.001). In the fully adjusted model, an increase in MHR was significantly associated with an increased odds ratio (OR) for CAD (OR=4.29, 95% CI 2.72– 6.78, P< 0.001). Sensitivity analysis revealed a consistent trend (P for trend< 0.05). RCS curve analysis indicated a nonlinear relationship between the two biomarkers and GS (P< 0.05) and there were clear inflection points. The area under the curve for predicting CAD was 0.68 for MHR and 0.69 for NHR, with optimal cut-off values of 0.42 (Youden index:0.29) and 5.43 (Youden index:0.31) respectively. Combined MHR and NHR has higher predictive value.Conclusion: MHR and NHR are independently associated with CAD, and there is a nonlinear correlation with the GS. Both have some predictive value for the severity of CAD.Keywords: monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, coronary artery disease, coronary artery disease severity, Gensini score
Published: 2025

10. Measurement of Electron Neutrino and Antineutrino Cross Sections at Low Momentum Transfer

Author: Henry, S., Su, H., Akhter, S., Dar, Z. Ahmad, Ansari, V., Ascencio, M. V., Athar, M. Sajjad, Bashyal, A., Betancourt, M., Bonilla, J. L., Bravar, A., Caceres, G., Díaz, G. A., Felix, J., Fields, L., Fine, R., Gaur, P. K., Gilligan, S. M., Gran, R., Granados, E., Harris, D. A., Hart, A. L., Kleykamp, J., Klustová, A., Kordosky, M., Last, D., Lozano, A., Lu, X. -G., Manly, S., Mann, W. A., Mauger, C., McFarland, K. S., Mehmood, M., Messerly, B., Morfín, J. G., Naples, D., Nelson, J. K., Nguyen, C., Olivier, A., Paolone, V., Perdue, G. N., Pernas, C., Plows, K. -J., Ramírez, M. A., Ransome, R. D., Roy, N., Ruterbories, D., Schellman, H., Salinas, C. J. Solano, Syrotenko, V. S., Valencia, E., Vaughan, N. H., Waldron, A. V., Wret, C., Yaeggy, B., and Zazueta, L.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Accelerator based neutrino oscillation experiments seek to measure the relative number of electron and muon neutrinos and antineutrinos at different $L/E$ values. However high statistics studies of neutrino interactions are almost exclusively measured using muon neutrinos and antineutrinos since the dominant flavor of neutrinos produced by accelerator based beams are of the muon type. This work reports new measurements of electron neutrino and antineutrino interactions in hydrocarbon, obtained by strongly suppressing backgrounds initiated by muon flavor neutrinos and antineutrinos. Double differential cross sections as a function of visible energy transfer, $E_\text{avail}$, and transverse momentum transfer, $p_T$, or three momentum transfer, $q_3$ are presented., Comment: 25 pages, 32 figures and 7 tables, accepted for publication in Physical Review D. Revised to add content updated in review process
Published: 2023
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11. Photoemission study and band alignment of GaN passivation layers on GaInP heterointerface

Author: Shekarabi, S., Pour, M. A. Zare, Su, H., Zhang, W., He, C., Romanyuk, O., Paszuk, A., Hu, S., and Hannappel, T.
Subjects: Physics - Applied Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract: III-V semiconductor-based photoelectrochemical (PEC) devices show the highest solar-to-electricity or solar-to-fuel conversion efficiencies. GaInP is a relevant top photoabsorber layer or a charge-selective contact in PEC for integrated and direct solar fuel production, due to its tunable lattice constant, electronic band structure, and favorable optical properties. To enhance the stability of its surface against chemical corrosion which leads to decomposition, we deposit a GaN protection and passivation layer. The n-doped GaInP(100) epitaxial layers were grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on top of GaAs(100) substrate. Subsequently, thin 1-20 nm GaN films were grown on top of the oxidized GaInP surfaces by atomic layer deposition. We studied the band alignment of these multi-junction heterostructures by X-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy. Due to the limited emission depth of photoelectrons, we determined the band alignment by a series of separate measurements in which we either modified the GaInP(100) surface termination or the film thickness of the grown GaN on GaInP(100) buffer layers. On n-GaInP(100) surfaces prepared with the well-known phosphorus-rich (2x2)/c(4x2) reconstruction we found up-ward surface band bending (BB) of 0.34 eV, and Fermi level pinning due to the present surface states. Upon oxidation, the surface states are partially passivated resulting in a reduction of BB to 0.12 eV and a valence band offset (VBO) between GaInP and oxide bands of 2.0 eV. Between the GaInP(100) buffer layer and the GaN passivation layer, we identified a VBO of 1.8 eV. The corresponding conduction band offset of -0.2 eV is found to be rather small. Therefore, we evaluate the application of the GaN passivation layer as a promising technological step not only to reduce surface states but also to increase the stability of the surfaces of photoelectrochemical devices.
Published: 2023

12. Implementation of state health insurance benefit mandates for cancer-related fertility preservation: following policy through a complex system.

Author: Su, H, Kaiser, Bonnie, Crable, Erika, Ortega, Ricardo, Yoeun, Sara, Economou, Melina, Fernandez, Estefania, Romero, Sally, Aarons, Gregory, and McMenamin, Sara
Subjects: Humans, Insurance Benefits, Fertility Preservation, Health Policy, Organizational Policy, Neoplasms, Insurance, Health
Abstract: BACKGROUND: A myriad of federal, state, and organizational policies are designed to improve access to evidence-based healthcare, but the impact of these policies likely varies due to contextual determinants of, reinterpretations of, and poor compliance with policy requirements throughout implementation. Strategies enhancing implementation and compliance with policy intent can improve population health. Critically assessing the multi-level environments where health policies and their related health services are implemented is essential to designing effective policy-level implementation strategies. California passed a 2019 health insurance benefit mandate requiring coverage of fertility preservation services for individuals at risk of infertility due to medical treatments, in order to improve access to services that are otherwise cost prohibitive. Our objective was to document and understand the multi-level environment, relationships, and activities involved in using state benefit mandates to facilitate patient access to fertility preservation services. METHODS: We conducted a mixed-methods study and used the policy-optimized exploration, preparation, implementation, and sustainment (EPIS) framework to analyze the implementation of Californias fertility preservation benefit mandate (SB 600) at and between the state insurance regulator, insurer, and clinic levels. RESULTS: Seventeen publicly available fertility preservation benefit mandate-relevant documents were reviewed. Interviews were conducted with four insurers; 25 financial, administrative, and provider participants from 16 oncology and fertility clinics; three fertility pharmaceutical representatives; and two patient advocates. The mandate and insurance regulator guidance represented two Big P (system level) policies that gave rise to a host of little p (organizational) policies by and between the regulator, insurers, clinics, and patients. Many little p policies were bridging factors to support implementation across levels and fertility preservation service access. Characterizing the mandates functions (i.e., policy goals) and forms (i.e., ways that policies were enacted) led to identification of (1) intended and unintended implementation, service, and patient outcomes, (2) implementation processes by level and EPIS phase, (3) actor-delineated key processes and heterogeneity among them, and (4) inner and outer context determinants that drove adaptations. CONCLUSIONS: Following the midstream and downstream implementation of a state health insurance benefit mandate, data generated will enable development of policy-level implementation strategies, evaluation of determinants and important outcomes of effective implementation, and design of future mandates to improve fit and fidelity.
Published: 2024

13. A temporal extracellular transcriptome atlas of human pre-implantation development.

Author: Wu, Qiuyang, Zhou, Zixu, Yan, Zhangming, Connel, Megan, Garzo, Gabriel, Yeo, Analisa, Zhang, Wei, Su, H, and Zhong, Sheng
Subjects: IVF, culture media, development, embryo, embryo quality, extracellular RNA, machine learning, model, non-invasive, sequencing, Humans, Transcriptome, Embryonic Development, RNA, Fertilization in Vitro, Embryo, Mammalian
Abstract: Non-invasively evaluating gene expression products in human pre-implantation embryos remains a significant challenge. Here, we develop a non-invasive method for comprehensive characterization of the extracellular RNAs (exRNAs) in a single droplet of spent media that was used to culture human in vitro fertilization embryos. We generate the temporal extracellular transcriptome atlas (TETA) of human pre-implantation development. TETA consists of 245 exRNA sequencing datasets for five developmental stages. These data reveal approximately 4,000 exRNAs at each stage. The exRNAs of the developmentally arrested embryos are enriched with the genes involved in negative regulation of the cell cycle, revealing an exRNA signature of developmental arrest. Furthermore, a machine-learning model can approximate the morphology-based rating of embryo quality based on the exRNA levels. These data reveal the widespread presence of coding gene-derived exRNAs at every stage of human pre-implantation development, and these exRNAs provide rich information on the physiology of the embryo.
Published: 2024

14. Metabolomic data presents challenges for epidemiological meta-analysis: a case study of childhood body mass index from the ECHO consortium

Author: Prince, Nicole, Liang, Donghai, Tan, Youran, Alshawabkeh, Akram, Angel, Elizabeth Esther, Busgang, Stefanie A, Chu, Su H, Cordero, José F, Curtin, Paul, Dunlop, Anne L, Gilbert-Diamond, Diane, Giulivi, Cecilia, Hoen, Anne G, Karagas, Margaret R, Kirchner, David, Litonjua, Augusto A, Manjourides, Justin, McRitchie, Susan, Meeker, John D, Pathmasiri, Wimal, Perng, Wei, Schmidt, Rebecca J, Watkins, Deborah J, Weiss, Scott T, Zens, Michael S, Zhu, Yeyi, Lasky-Su, Jessica A, and Kelly, Rachel S
Subjects: Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics, Reproductive Medicine, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Pediatric, Clinical Research, Women's Health, Reproductive health and childbirth, Child, Female, Pregnancy, Humans, Child, Preschool, Body Mass Index, Reproducibility of Results, Metabolomics, Linear Models, Lysine, Metabolomic meta-analysis, Metabolomic epidemiology, Maternal metabolites, Childhood obesity, Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Clinical Sciences, Biochemistry and cell biology, Medical biochemistry and metabolomics, Analytical chemistry
Abstract: IntroductionMeta-analyses across diverse independent studies provide improved confidence in results. However, within the context of metabolomic epidemiology, meta-analysis investigations are complicated by differences in study design, data acquisition, and other factors that may impact reproducibility.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to identify maternal blood metabolites during pregnancy (> 24 gestational weeks) related to offspring body mass index (BMI) at age two years through a meta-analysis framework.MethodsWe used adjusted linear regression summary statistics from three cohorts (total N = 1012 mother-child pairs) participating in the NIH Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program. We applied a random-effects meta-analysis framework to regression results and adjusted by false discovery rate (FDR) using the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure.ResultsOnly 20 metabolites were detected in all three cohorts, with an additional 127 metabolites detected in two of three cohorts. Of these 147, 6 maternal metabolites were nominally associated (P 100), we failed to identify significant metabolite associations after FDR correction. Our investigation demonstrates difficulties in applying epidemiological meta-analysis to clinical metabolomics, emphasizes challenges to reproducibility, and highlights the need for standardized best practices in metabolomic epidemiology.
Published: 2024

15. A Synergistic Effect of Remnant Cholesterol and C-Reactive Protein on Predicting the Severity of Coronary Artery Disease

Author: Zhang Z, Chen Q, Hou J, Li X, Fu J, Luo Y, Su H, Long Y, Feng Q, Peng X, Jiang M, Wu D, Liu H, Cai L, and Xiong S
Subjects: coronary artery disease, coronary angiography, remnant cholesterols, c-reactive protein, inflammation, syntax score., Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Zhen Zhang,1,&ast; Qiang Chen,2,&ast; Qiping Chen,3,&ast; Jun Hou,1 Xin Li,1 Jinjuan Fu,1 Yan Luo,1 Hong Su,1 Yu Long,1 Qiao Feng,1 Xiufen Peng,1 Maoling Jiang,1 Daiqian Wu,1 Hanxiong Liu,1 Lin Cai,1 Shiqiang Xiong1,4 1Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China; 4Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shiqiang Xiong; Lin Cai, Email xionglliu@163.com; clin63@yeah.netBackground: Increased levels of remnant cholesterol (RC) and inflammation are linked to higher risks of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Whether a combination of C-reactive protein (CRP) and RC improves the predictive ability for evaluating the severity of coronary artery lesions remains unknown.Methods: A total of 1675 patients with coronary artery disease were stratified according to the Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (SYNTAX) score (SYNTAX score ≤ 22 versus SYNTAX score > 22). Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were used to evaluate the relationship between RC, CRP and the severity of coronary artery lesions. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify predictors of a mid/high SYNTAX score (SYNTAX score > 22). The predictive value of RC combined with CRP was estimated by the ROC curve, continuous net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI).Results: The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (95% CIs) for the highest versus lowest quartile of RC were 2.143 (1.450– 3.166) for a mid/high SYNTAX score (SYNTAX score > 22). The association of RC with severity of coronary artery lesions was maintained significant in the subsample of patients, regardless of traditional cardiovascular risk factors like LDL-C levels and glycemic metabolism status. Moreover, the addition of CRP and RC to the baseline risk model had an incremental effect on the predictive value for a mid/high SYNTAX score (increase in C‑statistic value from 0.650 to 0.698; IDI 0.03; NRI 0.306; all P < 0.01).Conclusion: Elevated RC levels were significantly associated with the severity of coronary artery lesions even in patients with optimal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Adjustment of the RC by CRP further improved the predictive ability for the severity of coronary artery lesions. The combination of RC and CRP might serve as a noninvasive predictor of CAD complexity and could potentially influence the management and therapeutic approach.Keywords: coronary artery disease, coronary angiography, remnant cholesterols, C-reactive protein, inflammation, SYNTAX score
Published: 2024

16. Impact of Forms of Visual Attenuation on Short-Term Eye Changes Under Controlled Reading Visibility

Author: Su H, Chun RKM, and De Lestrange-Anginieur E
Subjects: reading, crowding, myopia, axial length, choroidal thickness, Ophthalmology, RE1-994, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract: Huanjun Su,1,2 Rachel Ka Man Chun,1,3– 5 Elie De Lestrange-Anginieur1,3– 5 1School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong; 2Department of Optometry, Liuzhou Worker’s Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 545005, People’s Republic of China; 3Research Centre for SHARP Vision (RCSV), the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong; 4Laboratory of Experimental Optometry, Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong; 5Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), Hong Kong, Hong KongCorrespondence: Elie De Lestrange-Anginieur, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Tel +852 2766 4186, Fax +852 2764 6051, Email elie.delestrangeanginieur@polyu.edu.hkPurpose: Animal studies have suggested that visual degradation impacts eye growth due to the attenuation of high spatial frequencies. However, the influence of perceptual visibility remains unclear in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of visibility on visual attenuation-related eye changes during reading.Methods: Axial length (AxL) and choroidal thickness (ChT) changes associated with reading tasks were measured in two separate experiments. In the first experiment, the reading task was conducted under different forms of visual attenuation (contrast, resolution, defocus, noise, and crowding). For each form of visual attenuation, the text was set at a sub-threshold level of visibility, evaluated via prior measurement of reading performance, and kept constant via adaptive control of the intensity of the stimulation. Each sub-threshold reading condition was compared with a supra-threshold reading text, serving as control. In the second experiment, the effect of visibility on lens-induced defocus was further examined by comparing the effect of text stimulation with an equivalent dioptric of 5.5 D under sub- and supra-threshold levels of resolution.Results: Near distance reading with supra-threshold texts caused eye elongation (AxL: +12.942 μm ± 2.147 μm; ChT: − 3.192 μm ± 1.158 μm). Additional defocusing failed to exacerbate axial elongation under sub-threshold text visibility (mean difference: − 0.135 μm ± 2.783 μm), revealing a clear inhibitory effect of lowering visibility on eye changes. Other forms of visual degradation, including crowding (mean difference: 6.153 μm ± 2.127 μm) and noise (mean difference: 5.02 μm ± 2.812 μm) also showed an inhibitory effect on eye elongation. The significant effect of crowding indicated that post-retinal mechanisms, involving attentional processes related to crowded characters, may play a role in the influence of visibility.Conclusion: Although the featural composition of visual stimulation can drastically influence eye changes, this study revealed an important mediating role of visibility, previously underscored in chick studies, which warrants further explorations of the impact of post-retinal processes in eye growth.Keywords: reading, crowding, myopia, axial length, choroidal thickness
Published: 2024

17. The metabolic role of vitamin D in children’s neurodevelopment: a network study

Author: De Marzio, Margherita, Lasky-Su, Jessica, Chu, Su H., Prince, Nicole, Litonjua, Augusto A., Weiss, Scott T., Kelly, Rachel S., and Glass, Kimberly R.
Published: 2024
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18. Prevalence and impact of fertility concerns in young women with breast cancer

Author: Mannion, Samantha, Higgins, Alexandra, Larson, Nicole, Stewart, Elizabeth A., Khan, Zaraq, Shenoy, Chandra, Nichols, Hazel B., Su, H. Irene, Partridge, Ann H., Loprinzi, Charles L., Couch, Fergus, Olson, Janet E., and Ruddy, Kathryn J.
Published: 2024
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19. Development, Usability Testing, and Implementation Assessment of Cancer Related Infertility Score Predictor, an Online Cancer Related Infertility Risk Counseling Tool

Author: Nerb, Laura, Yang, Emily, Exume, Dominique, Dornisch, Anna, Zhou, Beth, Helsten, Teresa, Kaiser, Bonnie N, Romero, Sally AD, and Su, H Irene
Subjects: Health Services and Systems, Health Sciences, Health Services, Cancer, Minority Health, Infertility, Clinical Research, Behavioral and Social Science, Women's Health, Bioengineering, Contraception/Reproduction, Good Health and Well Being, Humans, Female, User-Centered Design, User-Computer Interface, Counseling, Fertility Preservation, Neoplasms, oncofertility, fertility preservation, cancer infertility, primary ovarian insufficiency, amenorrhea, infertility risk tool, Nursing, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Public Health and Health Services, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: Purpose: Oncofertility counseling of female cancer patients lacks efficient access to tailored and valid infertility risk estimates to support shared decision-making on fertility preservation treatments. The objective was to develop, conduct user-centered design, and plan clinic-based implementation of the Cancer Related Infertility Score Predictor (CRISP), a web-based tool to support infertility risk counseling. Methods: Using a mixed methods design, literature review was undertaken to abstract data on infertility, primary ovarian insufficiency, and amenorrhea risks of common cancer treatments. The CRISP website was programmed to take user input about patient ages and cancer treatments and generate a risk summary. Using user experience methodology and semistructured interviews, usability testing and implementation assessment were conducted with 12 providers recruited from 5 medical centers in Southern California. Results: The web-based CRISP tool encompasses infertility risk data for 60 treatment regimens among 10 cancer types. Usability testing demonstrated that the tool is intuitive and informed minor modifications, including adding crowd-sourced submission of additional cancer treatments. Participants rated the tool as credible, advantageous over current provider methods to ascertain infertility risks, and useful for tailoring treatment planning and counseling patients. A key barrier was lack of information on some cancer treatments. Fit within clinical workflow was feasible, particularly with electronic health record integration. Conclusions: The novel, web-based CRISP tool is a feasible, acceptable, and appropriate tool to address provider knowledge gap about cancer related infertility risks and use for patient counseling. CRISP has significant potential to support tailored oncofertility counseling in the heterogeneous young cancer patient population.
Published: 2023

20. The effect of changing pregnancy intentions on preconception health behaviors: a prospective cohort study.

Author: Din, Hena, Singh-Carlson, Savitri, Corliss, Heather, Hartman, Sheri, Madanat, Hala, Su, H, and Strong, David
Subjects: Adolescent and young adult cancer, Physical activity, Preconception health, Pregnancy intention, Smoking, Survivorship care, Pregnancy, Young Adult, Adolescent, Female, Humans, Preconception Care, Intention, Prospective Studies, Cancer Survivors, Health Behavior
Abstract: PURPOSE: Pregnancy intentions are associated with preconception health behaviors but are understudied among female adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors. Preconception health is critical for survivors because they face unique risks to fertility and pregnancy from late effects of cancer treatments. This study prospectively assessed the effect of pregnancy intention on physical activity (PA) and smoking behaviors among female AYA survivors. METHODS: A cohort of 1049 female AYA survivors were recruited between 2013 and 2017. Participants were 18-39 years and had completed primary cancer treatment. Longitudinal mixed effects analysis was conducted on participants who completed at least 2 of 4 questionnaires over 1.5 years. Two measures were used to capture multiple dimensions of pregnancy intention. The pregnancy intention score (PIS) captured wanting and planning dimensions and represented a scaled response of low to high intention. The trying dimension captured urgent intention and ranged from not trying, ambivalent (neither attempting nor avoiding pregnancy), and trying now. Intention change was assessed between each consecutive time points. Final analysis was conducted with multiple imputations. RESULTS: Survivors with increased intention measured by trying was associated with increased PA over time (adjusted B [95%CI]: 0.3 [0.01, 0.5]) compared to survivors with no changes or decreased trying intention. PIS was not significantly associated with preconception behaviors. No measure of intention was associated with smoking behavior. CONCLUSIONS: Increasingly urgent pregnancy intention (trying dimension) was associated with higher preconception PA. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS: Screening for immediate intentions can identify AYA survivors in need of early preconception health promotion.
Published: 2023

21. Alleviating Border Effects in Wavelet Transforms for Nonlinear Time-varying Signal Analysis

Author: SU, H., LIU, Q., and LI, J.
Subjects: convolution, Fourier series, frequency estimation, spectrogram, wavelet transforms, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971, Computer engineering. Computer hardware, TK7885-7895
Abstract: Border effects are very common in many finite signals analysis and processing approaches using convolution operation. Alleviating the border effects that can occur in the processing of finite-length signals using wavelet transform is considered in this paper. Traditional methods for alleviating the border effects are suitable to compression or coding applications. We propose an algorithm based on Fourier series which is proved to be appropriate to the application of time-frequency analysis of nonlinear signals. Fourier series extension method preserves the time-varying characteristics of the signals. A modified signal duration expression for measuring the extent of border effects region is presented. The proposed algorithm is confirmed to be efficient to alleviate the border effects in comparison to the current methods through the numerical examples.
Published: 2011
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22. Measurement of the cosmic p+He energy spectrum from 50 GeV to 0.5 PeV with the DAMPE space mission

Author: DAMPE Collaboration, Alemanno, F., Altomare, C., An, Q., Azzarello, P., Barbato, F. C. T., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cagnoli, I., Cai, M. S., Casilli, E., Catanzani, E., Chang, J., Chen, D. Y., Chen, J. L., Chen, Z. F., Coppin, P., Cui, M. Y., Cui, T. S., Cui, Y. X., Dai, H. T., De Benedittis, A., De Mitri, I., de Palma, F., Deliyergiyev, M., Di Giovanni, A., Di Santo, M., Ding, Q., Dong, T. K., Dong, Z. X., Donvito, G., Droz, D., Duan, J. L., Duan, K. K., Fan, R. R., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, F., Fang, K., Feng, C. Q., Feng, L., Alonso, M. Fernandez, Frieden, J. M., Fusco, P., Gao, M., Gargano, F., Gong, K., Gong, Y. Z., Guo, D. Y., Guo, J. H., Han, S. X., Hu, Y. M., Huang, G. S., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y. Y., Ionica, M., Jiang, L. Y., Jiang, Y. Z., Jiang, W., Kong, J., Kotenko, A., Kyratzis, D., Lei, S. J., Li, W. H., Li, W. L., Li, X., Li, X. Q., Liang, Y. M., Liu, C. M., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, S. B., Liu, Y., Loparco, F., Luo, C. N., Ma, M., Ma, P. X., Ma, T., Ma, X. Y., Marsella, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mo, D., Salinas, M. Muñoz, Niu, X. Y., Pan, X., Parenti, A., Peng, W. X., Peng, X. Y., Perrina, C., Putti-Garcia, E., Qiao, R., Rao, J. N., Ruina, A., Shangguan, Z., Shen, W. H., Shen, Z. Q., Shen, Z. T., Silveri, L., Song, J. X., Stolpovskiy, M., Su, H., Su, M., Sun, H. R., Sun, Z. Y., Surdo, A., Teng, X. J., Tykhonov, A., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L. G., Wang, S., Wang, S. X., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. Z., Wang, Z. M., Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. F., Wu, D., Wu, J., Wu, L. B., Wu, S. S., Wu, X., Xia, Z. Q., Xu, H. T., Xu, J., Xu, Z. H., Xu, Z. L., Xu, E. H., Xu, Z. Z., Xue, G. F., Yang, H. B., Yang, P., Yang, Y. Q., Yao, H. J., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, G. W., Yuan, Q., Yue, C., Zang, J. J., Zhang, S. X., Zhang, W. Z., Zhang, Yan, Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Y. P., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, X. F., Zhou, C. Y., and Zhu, Y.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Recent observations of the light component of the cosmic-ray spectrum have revealed unexpected features that motivate further and more precise measurements up to the highest energies. The Dark Matter Particle Explorer is a satellite-based cosmic-ray experiment that has been operational since December 2015, continuously collecting data on high-energy cosmic particles with very good statistics, energy resolution, and particle identification capabilities. In this work, the latest measurements of the energy spectrum of proton+helium in the energy range from 46 GeV to 464 TeV are presented. Among the most distinctive features of the spectrum, a spectral hardening at 600 GeV has been observed, along with a softening at 29 TeV measured with a 6.6{\sigma} significance. Moreover, the detector features and the analysis approach allowed for the extension of the spectral measurement up to the sub-PeV region. Even if with small statistical significance due to the low number of events, data suggest a new spectral hardening at about 150 TeV., Comment: Published on PRD
Published: 2023
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23. Simultaneous measurement of muon neutrino quasielastic-like cross sections on CH, C, water, Fe, and Pb as a function of muon kinematics at MINERvA

Author: Kleykamp, J., Akhter, S., Dar, Z. Ahmad, Ansari, V., Ascencio, M. V., Athar, M. Sajjad, Bashyal, A., Bercellie, A., Betancourt, M., Bodek, A., Bonilla, J. L., Bravar, A., Budd, H., Caceres, G., Cai, T., Carneiro, M. F., Díaz, G. A., da Motta, H., Dytman, S. A., Felix, J., Fields, L., Filkins, A., Fine, R., Gago, A. M., Gallagher, H., Gilligan, S. M., Gran, R., Granados, E., Harris, D. A., Henry, S., Jena, D., Jena, S., Klustová, A., Kordosky, M., Last, D., Lozano, A., Lu, X. -G., Maher, E., Manly, S., Mann, W. A., Mauger, C., McFarland, K. S., Messerly, B., Miller, J., Moreno, O., Morfín, J. G., Naples, D., Nelson, J. K., Nguyen, C., Olivier, A., Paolone, V., Perdue, G. N., Plows, K. -J., Ramírez, M. A., Ransome, R. D., Ray, H., Ruterbories, D., Schellman, H., Salinas, C. J. Solano, Su, H., Sultana, M., Syrotenko, V. S., Valencia, E., Vaughan, N. H., Waldron, A. V., Wret, C., Yaeggy, B., and Zazueta, L.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: This paper presents the first simultaneous measurement of the quasielastic-like neutrino-nucleus cross sections on C, water, Fe, Pb and scintillator (hydrocarbon or CH) as a function of longitudinal and transverse muon momentum. The ratio of cross sections per nucleon between Pb and CH is always above unity and has a characteristic shape as a function of transverse muon momentum that evolves slowly as a function of longitudinal muon momentum. The ratio is constant versus longitudinal momentum within uncertainties above a longitudinal momentum of 4.5GeV/c. The cross section ratios to CH for C, water, and Fe remain roughly constant with increasing longitudinal momentum, and the ratios between water or C to CH do not have any significant deviation from unity. Both the overall cross section level and the shape for Pb and Fe as a function of transverse muon momentum are not reproduced by current neutrino event generators. These measurements provide a direct test of nuclear effects in quasielastic-like interactions, which are major contributors to long-baseline neutrino oscillation data samples., Comment: 9 pages, 8 flgures, including supplemental material
Published: 2023
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24. Nodeless superconductivity in noncentrosymmetric LaRhSn

Author: Nie, Z. Y., Shu, J. W., Wang, A., Su, H., Duan, W. Y., Hillier, A. D., Adroja, D. T., Biswas, P. K., Takabatake, T., Smidman, M., and Yuan, H. Q.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract: The superconducting order parameter of the noncentrosymmetric superconductor LaRhSn is investigated by means of low temperature measurements of the specific heat, muon-spin relaxation/rotation ($\mu$SR) and the tunnel-diode oscillator (TDO) based method. The specific heat and magnetic penetration depth [$\lambda(T)$] show an exponentially activated temperature dependence, demonstrating fully gapped superconductivity in LaRhSn. The temperature dependence of $\lambda^{-2}(T)$ deduced from the TDO based method and $\mu$SR show nearly identical behavior, which can be well described by a single-gap $s$-wave model, with a zero temperature gap value of $\Delta(0)=1.77(4)k_BT_c$. The zero-field $\mu$SR spectra do not show detectable changes upon cooling below $T_c$, and therefore there is no evidence for time-reversal-symmetry breaking in the superconducting state., Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2023
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25. Magnetic properties of the layered heavy fermion antiferromagnet CePdGa$_6$

Author: Ye, H. Q., Le, T., Su, H., Zhang, Y. N., Luo, S. S., Gutmann, M. J., Yuan, H. Q., and Smidman, M.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract: We report the magnetic properties of the layered heavy fermion antiferromagnet CePdGa$_{6}$, and their evolution upon tuning with the application of magnetic field and pressure. CePdGa$_{6}$ orders antiferromagnetically below $T\rm_{N}$ = 5.2 K, where there is evidence for heavy fermion behavior from an enhanced Sommerfeld coefficient. Our results are best explained by a magnetic ground state of ferromagnetically coupled layers of Ce $4f$-moments orientated along the $c$-axis, with antiferromagnetic coupling between layers. At low temperatures we observe two metamagnetic transitions for fields applied along the $c$-axis corresponding to spin-flip transitions, where the lower transition is to a different magnetic phase with a magnetization one-third of the saturated value. From our analysis of the magnetic susceptibility, we propose a CEF level scheme which accounts for the Ising anisotropy at low temperatures, and we find that the evolution of the magnetic ground state can be explained considering both antiferromagnetic exchange between nearest neighbor and next nearest neighbor layers, indicating the influence of long-range interactions. Meanwhile we find little change of $T\rm_{N}$ upon applying hydrostatic pressures up to 2.2 GPa, suggesting that significantly higher pressures are required to examine for possible quantum critical behaviors., Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2023
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26. Neutron detection and application with a novel 3D-projection scintillator tracker in the future long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments

Author: Gwon, S., Granger, P., Yang, G., Bolognesi, S., Cai, T., Danilov, M., Delbart, A., De Roeck, A., Dolan, S., Eurin, G., Razakamiandra, R. F., Fedotov, S., Aguirre, G. Fiorentini, Flight, R., Gran, R., Ha, C., Jung, C. K., Jung, K. Y., Kettell, S., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Kordosky, M., Kudenko, Y., Kutter, T., Maneira, J., Manly, S., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, Mauger, C., McFarland, K., McGrew, C., Mefodev, A., Mineev, O., Naples, D., Olivier, A., Paolone, V., Prasad, S., Riccio, C., Rondon, J. Rodriguez, Sgalaberna, D., Sitraka, A., Siyeon, K., Skrobova, N., Su, H., Suvorov, S., Teklu, A., Tzanov, M., Valencia, E., Wood, K., Worcester, E., and Yershov, N.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Neutrino oscillation experiments require a precise measurement of the neutrino energy. However, the kinematic detection of the final-state neutron in the neutrino interaction is missing in current neutrino oscillation experiments. The missing neutron kinematic detection results in a feed-down of the detected neutrino energy compared to the true neutrino energy. A novel 3D\textcolor{black}{-}projection scintillator tracker, which consists of roughly ten million active cubes covered with an optical reflector, is capable of measuring the neutron kinetic energy and direction on an event-by-event basis using the time-of-flight technique thanks to the fast timing, fine granularity, and high light yield. The $\bar{\nu}_{\mu}$ interactions tend to produce neutrons in the final state. By inferring the neutron kinetic energy, the $\bar{\nu}_{\mu}$ energy can be reconstructed better, allowing a tighter incoming neutrino flux constraint. This paper shows the detector's ability to reconstruct neutron kinetic energy and the $\bar{\nu}_{\mu}$ flux constraint achieved by selecting the charged-current interactions without mesons or protons in the final state.
Published: 2022
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27. High-Statistics Measurement of Antineutrino Quasielastic-like scattering at $E_\nu \sim$ 6~GeV on a Hydrocarbon Target

Author: Bashyal, A., Akhter, S., Dar, Z. Ahmad, Akbar, F., Ansari, V., Ascencio, M. V., Athar, M. Sajjad, Bercellie, A., Betancourt, M., Bodek, A., Bonilla, J. L., Bravar, A., Budd, H., Caceres, G., Carneiro, M. F., Díaz, G. A., Felix, J., Fields, L., Filkins, A., Fine, R., Gago, A. M., Gallagher, H., Gaur, P. K., Gilligan, S. M., Gran, R., Granados, E., Harris, D. A., Henry, S., Jena, D., Jena, S., Kleykamp, J., Klustová, A., Kordosky, M., Last, D., Le, T., Lozano, A., Lu, X. -G., Maher, E., Manly, S., Mann, W. A., Mauger, C., McFarland, K. S., McGowan, A. M., Messerly, B., Miller, J., Moreno, O., Morfín, J. G., Naples, D., Nelson, J. K., Nguyen, C., Olivier, A., Paolone, V., Perdue, G. N., Plows, K. -J., Ramírez, M. A., Ransome, R. D., Ray, H., Ruterbories, D., Schellman, H., Salinas, C. J. Solano, Su, H., Sultana, M., Syrotenko, V. S., Valencia, E., Vaughan, N. H., Waldron, A. V., Wret, C., Yaeggy, B., and Zazueta, L.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We present measurements of the cross section for anti-neutrino charged-current quasielastic-like scattering on hydrocarbon using the medium energy (ME) NuMI wide-band neutrino beam peaking at $\sim 6$ GeV. The cross section measurements are presented as a function of the longitudinal momentum ($p_{||}$) and transverse momentum ($p_{T}$) of the final state muon. This work complements our previously reported high statistics measurement in the neutrino channel and extends the previous anti-neutrino measurement made in the low energy (LE) beam at neutrino energy($$) $\sim$ 3.5 GeV to $p_{T}$ of 2.5 GeV/c. Current theoretical models do not completely describe the data in this previously unexplored high $p_{T}$ region. The single differential cross section as a function of four momentum transfer ($Q^{2}_{QE}$) now extends to 4 GeV$^2$ with high statistics. The cross section as a function of $Q^{2}_{QE}$ shows that the tuned simulations developed by the MINERvA collaboration that agreed well with the low energy beam measurements do not agree as well with the medium energy beam measurements. Newer neutrino interaction models such as the GENIE 3 tunes are better able to simulate the high $Q^{2}_{QE}$., Comment: 17 pages, 14 figures
Published: 2022

28. Linear mixed model vs two-stage methods: Developing prognostic models of diabetic kidney disease progression

Author: Kwan, Brian, Liu, Lin, Strong, David, Su, H. Irene, and Natarajan, Loki
Subjects: Statistics - Computation, Statistics - Other Statistics
Abstract: Identifying prognostic factors for disease progression is a cornerstone of medical research. Repeated assessments of a marker outcome are often used to evaluate disease progression, and the primary research question is to identify factors associated with the longitudinal trajectory of this marker. Our work is motivated by diabetic kidney disease (DKD), where serial measures of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) are the longitudinal measure of kidney function, and there is notable interest in identifying factors, such as metabolites, that are prognostic for DKD progression. Linear mixed models (LMM) with serial marker outcomes (e.g., eGFR) are a standard approach for prognostic model development, namely by evaluating the time and prognostic factor (e.g., metabolite) interaction. However, two-stage methods that first estimate individual-specific eGFR slopes, and then use these as outcomes in a regression framework with metabolites as predictors are easy to interpret and implement for applied researchers. Herein, we compared the LMM and two-stage methods, in terms of bias and mean squared error via analytic methods and simulations, allowing for irregularly spaced measures and missingness. Our findings provide novel insights into when two-stage methods are suitable longitudinal prognostic modeling alternatives to the LMM. Notably, our findings generalize to other disease studies.
Published: 2022

29. Neutrino-induced coherent $\pi^{+}$ production in C, CH, Fe and Pb at $\langle E_{\nu}\rangle \sim 6$ GeV

Author: Ramírez, M. A., Akhter, S., Dar, Z. Ahmad, Akbar, F., Ansari, V., Ascencio, M. V., Athar, M. Sajjad, Bashyal, A., Bellantoni, L., Bercellie, A., Betancourt, M., Bodek, A., Bonilla, J. L., Bravar, A., Budd, H., Caceres, G., Cai, T., Díaz, G. A., da Motta, H., Dytman, S. A., Felix, J., Fields, L., Filkins, A., Fine, R., Gallagher, H., Ghosh, A., Gilligan, S. M., Gran, R., Granados, E., Harris, D. A., Henry, S., Jena, D., Jena, S., Kleykamp, J., Klustová, A., Kordosky, M., Last, D., Lozano, A., Lu, X. -G., Maher, E., Manly, S., Mann, W. A., Mauger, C., McFarland, K. S., Messerly, B., Miller, J., Moreno, O., Morfín, J. G., Naples, D., Nelson, J. K., Nguyen, C., Olivier, A., Paolone, V., Perdue, G. N., Plows, K. -J., Ransome, R. D., Ruterbories, D., Schellman, H., Su, H., Sultana, M., Syrotenko, V. S., Valencia, E., Vaughan, N. H., Waldron, A. V., Yaeggy, B., and Zazueta, L.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: MINERvA has measured the $\nu_{\mu}$-induced coherent $\pi^{+}$ cross section simultaneously in hydrocarbon (CH), graphite (C), iron (Fe) and lead (Pb) targets using neutrinos from 2 to 20 GeV. The measurements exceed the predictions of the Rein-Sehgal and Berger-Sehgal PCAC based models at multi-GeV $\nu_{\mu}$ energies and at produced $\pi^{+}$ energies and angles, $E_{\pi}>1$ GeV and $\theta_{\pi}<10^{\circ}$. Measurements of the cross-section ratios of Fe and Pb relative to CH reveal the effective $A$-scaling to increase from an approximate $A^{1/3}$ scaling at few GeV to an $A^{2/3}$ scaling for $E_{\nu}>10$ GeV., Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures and 60 pages of supplemental material. Updated to accepted version, with ancillary files of the cross section data
Published: 2022
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30. Fertility Preservation Practices at Pediatric Oncology Institutions in the United States: A Report From the Childrens Oncology Group.

Author: Frederick, Natasha, Klosky, James, Meacham, Lillian, Quinn, Gwendolyn, Kelvin, Joanne, Cherven, Brooke, Freyer, David, Brackett, Julienne, Ahmed-Winston, Sameeya, Bryson, Elyse, Su, H, Chow, Eric, Levine, Jennifer, and Dvorak, Christopher
Subjects: Adolescent, Young Adult, Humans, Male, Female, Child, United States, Fertility Preservation, Cross-Sectional Studies, Semen, Medical Oncology, Neoplasms
Abstract: PURPOSE: Fertility discussions are an integral part of comprehensive care for pediatric, adolescent, and young adult patients newly diagnosed with cancer and are supported by national guidelines. Current institutional practices are poorly understood. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was distributed to 220 Childrens Oncology Group member institutions regarding fertility discussion practices. Descriptive statistics were calculated for all variables. The association between specific practices and selected outcomes on the basis of sex was examined via multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: One hundred forty-four programs (65.5%) returned surveys. Of these, 65 (45.1%) reported routine discussions of fertility with all female patients and 55 (38.5%) all male patients (P = .25). Ninety-two (63.8%) reported no specific criteria for offering females fertility preservation (FP), compared with 40 (27.7%) for males (P < .001). Program characteristics associated with fertility discussions included reproductive endocrinology and infertility on site (females odds ratio [OR], 2.1; 95% CI, 1.0 to 4.3), discussion documentation mandate (females OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.0 to 5.5; males OR, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.4 to 8.7), and cumulative institution-based FP infrastructure (which included [1] routine practice of documentation, [2] template for documentation, [3] mandate for documentation, and [4] availability of FP navigation; females OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1 to 2.3; males OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.6 to 3.4). Utilization of practices unsupported by guidelines included offering sperm banking after treatment initiation (39/135 programs; 28.9%), gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs for ovarian suppression/FP (75/144 programs; 52.1%), ovarian tissue cryopreservation at diagnosis for patients with leukemia (19/64 programs; 29.7%), and testicular tissue cryopreservation (23/138 programs; 16.7%) not part of a clinical trial. CONCLUSION: Despite recommended guidelines, fertility discussions with patients/families before treatment initiation are not routine at Childrens Oncology Group institutions. Standard criteria to determine which options should be offered to patients are more common for males than females.
Published: 2023

31. A Multicomponent Telehealth Intervention to Improve Oncofertility Care Delivery Among Young Cancer Patients: A Pilot Study

Author: Yang, Emily, Dornisch, Anna, Nerb, Laura, Helsten, Teresa, Kaiser, Bonnie N, Aristizabal, Paula, Armenian, Saro, Torno, Lilibeth L, Baca, Nicole M, Genensen, Mark C, Su, H Irene, and Romero, Sally AD
Subjects: Health Services and Systems, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Health Services, Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD), Pediatric Cancer, Pediatric, Prevention, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Clinical Research, Dissemination and Implementation Research, Rare Diseases, Cancer, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Young Adult, Humans, Child, Adult, Fertility Preservation, Pilot Projects, Neoplasms, Fertility, Telemedicine, oncofertility, EHR, intervention, fertility preservation, Nursing, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Public Health and Health Services, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: Purpose: Oncofertility care for pediatric, adolescent, and young adult cancer patients remains under-implemented across adult and pediatric oncology settings. We pilot tested an electronic health record (EHR)-enabled multicomponent oncofertility intervention (including screening, referral, and fertility consult) in an adult academic oncology program and systematically assessed intervention fit to pediatric and community oncology programs. Methods: Using surveys (n = 33), audits (n = 143), and interviews (n = 21) guided by implementation science frameworks, we pilot tested the EHR-enabled intervention for oncofertility care in young cancer patients at an adult oncology program and evaluated implementation outcomes. We interviewed health care providers from seven regional oncology and fertility programs about intervention fit to their clinical contexts. Results: We recruited 33 health care providers from an adult oncology setting and 15 health care providers from seven additional oncology and fertility settings. At the adult oncology setting, the intervention was found to be appropriate, acceptable, and feasible and improved the screening of fertility needs (from 30% pre- to 51% post-intervention); yet, some patients did not receive appropriate referrals to fertility consults. Providers across all settings suggested content and context modifications, such as adding options to the intervention or allowing the screening component to pop up at a second visit, to improve and adapt the intervention to better fit their clinical care contexts. Conclusions: We found that the EHR-enabled intervention increased the rate of goal-concordant oncofertility care delivery at an adult oncology program. We also identified facilitators, barriers, and needed adaptations to the intervention required for implementation and scaling-up across diverse oncology settings.
Published: 2023

32. Simultaneous measurement of muon neutrino $\nu_\mu$ charged-current single $\pi^+$ production in CH, C, H$_2$O, Fe, and Pb targets in MINERvA

Author: Bercellie, A., Kroma-Wiley, K. A., Akhter, S., Dar, Z. Ahmad, Akbar, F., Ansari, V., Ascencio, M. V., Athar, M. Sajjad, Bellantoni, L., Betancourt, M., Bodek, A., Bonilla, J. L., Bravar, A., Budd, H., Caceres, G., Cai, T., Díaz, G. A., da Motta, H., Dytman, S. A., Felix, J., Fields, L., Filkins, A., Fine, R., Gago, A. M., Gallagher, H., Gaur, P. K., Ghosh, A., Gilligan, S. M., Gran, R., Granados, E., Harris, D. A., Jena, D., Jena, S., Kleykamp, J., Klustová, A., Kordosky, M., Last, D., Le, T., Lozano, A., Lu, X. -G., Mahbub, I., Maher, E., Manly, S., Mann, W. A., Mauger, C., McFarland, K. S., Messerly, B., Miller, J., Moreno, O., Morfín, J. G., Naples, D., Nelson, J. K., Nguyen, C., Olivier, A., Paolone, V., Perdue, G. N., Plows, K. -J., Ramírez, M. A., Ransome, R. D., Ray, H., Ruterbories, D., Schellman, H., Salinas, C. J. Solano, Su, H., Sultana, M., Syrotenko, V. S., Utt, B., Valencia, E., Vaughan, N. H., Waldron, A. V., Yaeggy, B., and Zazueta, L.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Neutrino-induced charged-current single $\pi^+$ production in the $\Delta(1232)$ resonance region is of considerable interest to accelerator-based neutrino oscillation experiments. In this work, high statistics differential cross sections are reported for the semi-exclusive reaction $\nu_\mu A \to \mu^- \pi^+ +$ nucleon(s) on scintillator, carbon, water, iron, and lead targets recorded by MINERvA using a wide-band $\nu_\mu$ beam with $\left< E_\nu \right> \approx 6$~GeV. Suppression of the cross section at low $Q^2$ and enhancement of low $T_\pi$ are observed in both light and heavy nuclear targets compared to phenomenological models used in current neutrino interaction generators. The cross-section ratios for iron and lead compared to CH across the kinematic variables probed are 0.8 and 0.5 respectively, a scaling which is also not predicted by current generators., Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, 117 pages of supplementary material; updated to accepted version and added ancillary files with cross section data; updated again to add ancillary files with neutrino flux used for result
Published: 2022
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33. Improved constraint on the MINERvA medium energy neutrino flux using $\bar{\nu}e^{-} \!\rightarrow \bar{\nu}e^{-}$ data

Author: Zazueta, L., Akhter, S., Dar, Z. Ahmad, Akbar, F., Ansari, V., Ascencio, M. V., Athar, M. Sajjad, Bashyal, A., Bercellie, A., Betancourt, M., Bodek, A., Bonilla, J. L., Bravar, A., Budd, H., Cai, T., Díaz, G. A., da Motta, H., Felix, J., Fields, L., Filkins, A., Fine, R., Gago, A. M., Gallagher, H., Ghosh, A., Gilligan, S. M., Gran, R., Granados, E., Harris, D. A., Henry, S., Jena, D., Jena, S., Kleykamp, J., Klustová, A., Kordosky, M., Last, D., Lozano, A., Lu, X. -G., Maher, E., Manly, S., Mann, W. A., McFarland, K. S., Messerly, B., Miller, J., Moreno, O., Morfín, J. G., Nelson, J. K., Nguyen, C., Olivier, A., Paolone, V., Perdue, G. N., Plows, K. -J., Ramírez, M. A., Ruterbories, D., Schellman, H., Salinas, C. J. Solano, Su, H., Sultana, M., Valencia, E., Vaughan, N. H., Waldron, A. V., and Yaeggy, B.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Processes with precisely known cross sections, like neutrino electron elastic scattering ($\nu e^{-} \!\rightarrow \nu e^{-}$) and inverse muon decay ($\nu_\mu e^{-} \!\rightarrow \mu^{-} \nu_e$) have been used by MINERvA to constrain the uncertainty on the NuMI neutrino beam flux. This work presents a new measurement of neutrino elastic scattering with electrons using the medium energy \numubar enhanced NuMI beam. A sample of 578 events after background subtraction is used in combination with the previous measurement on the \numu beam and the inverse muon decay measurement to reduce the uncertainty on the \numu flux in the \numu-enhanced beam from 7.6\% to 3.3\% and the \numubar flux in the \numubar-enhanced beam from 7.8\% to 4.7\%., Comment: 12 pages, 16 figures
Published: 2022
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34. Search for relativistic fractionally charged particles in space

Author: DAMPE Collaboration, Alemanno, F., Altomare, C., An, Q., Azzarello, P., Barbato, F. C. T., Bernardini, P., Bi, X. J., Cai, M. S., Casilli, E., Catanzani, E., Chang, J., Chen, D. Y., Chen, J. L., Chen, Z. F., Cui, M. Y., Cui, T. S., Cui, Y. X., Dai, H. T., De-Benedittis, A., De Mitri, I., de Palma, F., Deliyergiyev, M., Di Giovanni, A., Di Santo, M., Ding, Q., Dong, T. K., Dong, Z. X., Donvito, G., Droz, D., Duan, J. L., Duan, K. K., D'Urso, D., Fan, R. R., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, F., Fang, K., Feng, C. Q., Feng, L., Alonso, M. F., Frieden, J. M., Fusco, P., Gao, M., Gargano, F., Gong, K., Gong, Y. Z., Guo, D. Y., Guo, J. H., Han, S. X., Hu, Y. M., Huang, G. S., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y. Y., Ionica, M., Jiang, L. Y., Jiang, W., Kong, J., Kotenko, A., Kyratzis, D., Lei, S. J., Li, W. L., Li, W. H., Li, X., Li, X. Q., Liang, Y. M., Liu, C. M., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, S. B., Liu, Y., Loparco, F., Luo, C. N., Ma, M., Ma, P. X., Ma, T., Ma, X. Y., Marsella, G., Mazziotta, M. N., Mo, D., Salinas, M. M., Niu, X. Y., Pan, X., Parenti, A., Peng, W. X., Peng, X. Y., Perrina, C., Qiao, R., Rao, J. N., Ruina, A., Shangguan, Z., Shen, W. H., Shen, Z. Q., Shen, Z. T., Silveri, L., Song, J. X., Stolpovskiy, M., Su, H., Su, M., Sun, H. R., Sun, Z. Y., Surdo, A., Teng, X. J., Tykhonov, A., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L. G., Wang, S., Wang, S. X., Wang, X. L., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. Z., Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. F., Wu, D., Wu, J., Wu, L. B., Wu, S. S., Wu, X., Xia, Z. Q., Xu, E. H., Xu, H. T., Xu, J., Xu, Z. H., Xu, Z. L., Xu, Z. Z., Xue, G. F., Yang, H. B., Yang, P., Yang, Y. Q., Yao, H. J., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, G. W., Yuan, Q., Yue, C., Zang, J. J., Zhang, S. X., Zhang, W. Z., Zhang, Yan, Zhang, Yi., Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Y. P., Zhang, Y. Q., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, X. F., Zhou, C. Y., and Zhu, Y.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Space Physics
Abstract: More than a century after the performance of the oil drop experiment, the possible existence of fractionally charged particles FCP still remains unsettled. The search for FCPs is crucial for some extensions of the Standard Model in particle physics. Most of the previously conducted searches for FCPs in cosmic rays were based on experiments underground or at high altitudes. However, there have been few searches for FCPs in cosmic rays carried out in orbit other than AMS-01 flown by a space shuttle and BESS by a balloon at the top of the atmosphere. In this study, we conduct an FCP search in space based on on-orbit data obtained using the DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) satellite over a period of five years. Unlike underground experiments, which require an FCP energy of the order of hundreds of GeV, our FCP search starts at only a few GeV. An upper limit of $6.2\times 10^{-10}~~\mathrm{cm^{-2}sr^{-1} s^{-1}}$ is obtained for the flux. Our results demonstrate that DAMPE exhibits higher sensitivity than experiments of similar types by three orders of magnitude that more stringently restricts the conditions for the existence of FCP in primary cosmic rays., Comment: 19 pages, 6 figures, accepted by PRD
Published: 2022
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35. Semimetallic Kondo lattice behavior in YbPdAs with a distorted kagome structure

Author: Xie, W., Du, F., Zheng, X. Y., Su, H., Nie, Z. Y., Liu, B. Q., Xia, Y. H., Shang, T., Cao, C., Smidman, M., Takabatake, T., and Yuan, H. Q.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract: We have synthesized YbPdAs with the hexagonal ZrNiAl-type structure, in which the Yb-atoms form a distorted kagome sublattice in the hexagonal basal plane. Magnetic, transport, and thermodynamic measurements indicate that YbPdAs is a low-carrier Kondo lattice compound with an antiferromagnetic transition at $T_\mathrm{N}$ = 6.6 K, which is slightly suppressed in applied magnetic fields up to 9 T. The magnetic entropy at $T_\mathrm{N}$ recovers only 33\% of $R\ln{2}$, the full entropy of the ground state doublet of the Yb-ions. The resistivity displays a $-\ln T$ dependence between 30 and 15 K, followed by a broad maximum at $T\rm_{coh}$ = 12 K upon cooling. Below $T\rm_{coh}$, the magnetoresistance changes from negative to positive, suggesting a crossover from single-ion Kondo scattering processes at intermediate temperatures to coherent Kondo lattice behaviors at low temperatures. Both the Hall resistivity measurements and band structure calculations indicate a relatively low carrier concentration in YbPdAs. Our results suggest that YbPdAs could provide an opportunity for examining the interplay of Kondo physics and magnetic frustration in low carrier systems., Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2022
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36. Scintillator ageing of the T2K near detectors from 2010 to 2021

Author: The T2K Collaboration, Abe, K., Akhlaq, N., Akutsu, R., Ali, A., Alt, C., Andreopoulos, C., Antonova, M., Aoki, S., Arihara, T., Asada, Y., Ashida, Y., Atkin, E. T., Ban, S., Barbi, M., Barker, G. J., Barr, G., Barrow, D., Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M., Bench, F., Berardi, V., Berns, L., Bhadra, S., Blanchet, A., Blondel, A., Bolognesi, S., Bonus, T., Bordoni, S., Boyd, S. B., Bravar, A., Bronner, C., Bron, S., Bubak, A., Avanzini, M. Buizza, Calabria, N. F., Cao, S., Carter, A. J., Cartwright, S. L., Catanesi, M. G., Cervera, A., Chakrani, J., Cherdack, D., Christodoulou, G., Cicerchia, M., Coleman, J., Collazuol, G., Cook, L., Cudd, A., Davydov, Yu. I., De Roeck, A., De Rosa, G., Dealtry, T., Delogu, C. C., Densham, C., Dergacheva, A., Di Lodovico, F., Dolan, S., Douqa, D., Doyle, T. A., Drapier, O., Duffy, K. E., Dumarchez, J., Dunne, P., Dygnarowicz, K., Eguchi, A., Emery-Schrenk, S., Ershova, A., Fedotov, S., Fernandez, P., Finch, A. J., Aguirre, G. A. Fiorentini, Fiorillo, G., Friend, M., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, Y., Fusshoeller, K., Giganti, C., Glagolev, V., Gonin, M., Goodman, E. A. G., Gorin, A., Grassi, M., Guigue, M., Hadley, D. R., Haigh, J. T., Hamacher-Baumann, P., Harris, D. A., Hartz, M., Hasegawa, T., Hassani, S., Hastings, N. C., Hatzikoutelis, A., Hayato, Y., Hiramoto, A., Hogan, M., Holeczek, J., Holin, A., Holvey, T. J., Van, N. T. Hong, Honjo, T., Iacob, F., Ichikawa, A. K., Ikeda, M., Ishida, T., Ishitsuka, M., Israel, H. T., Iwamoto, K., Izmaylov, A., Izumi, N., Jakkapu, M., Jamieson, B., Jenkins, S. J., Jesús-Valls, C., Jiang, J. J., Jonsson, P., Jung, C. K., Jurj, P. B., Kabirnezhad, M., Kaboth, A. C., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kasetti, S. P., Kataoka, Y., Katayama, Y., Katori, T., Kawaue, M., Kearns, E., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Kikawa, T., Kikutani, H., King, S., Kisiel, J., Knight, A., Kobata, T., Kobayashi, T., Koch, L., Kogan, G., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Koshio, Y., Kostin, A., Kowalik, K., Kudenko, Y., Kuribayashi, S., Kurjata, R., Kutter, T., Kuze, M., La Commara, M., Labarga, L., Lagoda, J., Lakshmi, S. M., James, M. Lamers, Lamont, I., Lamoureux, M., Last, D., Latham, N., Laveder, M., Lawe, M., Lee, Y., Lin, C., Lindner, T., Lin, S. -K., Litchfield, R. P., Liu, S. L., Longhin, A., Long, K. R., Ludovici, L., Lu, X., Lux, T., Machado, L. N., Magaletti, L., Mahn, K., Malek, M., Mandal, M., Manly, S., Marino, A. D., Marti-Magro, L., Martin, D. G. R., Martini, M., Martin, J. F., Maruyama, T., Matsubara, T., Matveev, V., Mauger, C., Mavrokoridis, K., Mazzucato, E., McCauley, N., McElwee, J., McFarland, K. S., McGrew, C., Mefodiev, A., Megias, G. D., Mellet, L., Metelko, C., Mezzetto, M., Minamino, A., Mineev, O., Mine, S., Miura, M., Bueno, L. Molina, Moriyama, S., Mueller, Th. A., Munford, D., Munteanu, L., Nagai, K., Nagai, Y., Nakadaira, T., Nakagiri, K., Nakahata, M., Nakajima, Y., Nakamura, A., Nakamura, H., Nakamura, K., Nakano, Y., Nakayama, S., Nakaya, T., Nakayoshi, K., Naseby, C. E. R., Ngoc, T. V., Nguyen, V. Q., Niewczas, K., Nishimura, Y., Nishizaki, K., Nova, F., Novella, P., Nugent, J. C., O'Keeffe, H. M., O'Sullivan, L., Odagawa, T., Ogawa, T., Okada, R., Okumura, K., Okusawa, T., Owen, R. A., Oyama, Y., Palladino, V., Paolone, V., Pari, M., Parlone, J., Parsa, S., Pasternak, J., Pavin, M., Payne, D., Penn, G. C., Pershey, D., Pickering, L., Pidcott, C., Pintaudi, G., Pistillo, C., Popov, B., Porwit, K., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Prabhu, Y. S., Quilain, B., Radermacher, T., Radicioni, E., Radics, B., Ratoff, P. N., Reh, M., Riccio, C., Rondio, E., Roth, S., Rubbia, A., Ruggeri, A. C., Ruggles, C. A., Rychter, A., Sakashita, K., Sánchez, F., Santucci, G., Schloesser, C. M., Scholberg, K., Scott, M., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Sgalaberna, D., Shaikhiev, A., Shaykina, A., Shiozawa, M., Shorrock, W., Shvartsman, A., Skwarczynski, K., Smy, M., Sobczyk, J. T., Sobel, H., Soler, F. J. P., Sonoda, Y., Spina, R., Su, H., Suslov, I. A., Suvorov, S., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Sztuc, A. A., Tada, M., Takayasu, S., Takeda, A., Takeuchi, Y., Tanaka, H. K., Tanihara, Y., Tani, M., Tereshchenko, V. V., Teshima, N., Thamm, N., Thompson, L. F., Toki, W., Touramanis, C., Towstego, T., Tsui, K. M., Tsukamoto, T., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Vacheret, A., Vagins, M., Vargas, D., Vasseur, G., Vilela, C., Vinning, W. G. S., Vladisavljevic, T., Wachala, T., Walsh, J. G., Wang, Y., Wan, L., Wark, D., Wascko, M. O., Weber, A., Wendell, R., Wilking, M. J., Wilkinson, C., Wilson, J. R., Wood, K., Wret, C., Xia, J., Xu, Y. -h., Yamamoto, K., Yanagisawa, C., Yang, G., Yano, T., Yasutome, K., Yershov, N., Yevarouskaya, U., Yokoyama, M., Yoshimoto, Y., Yu, M., Zaki, R., Zalewska, A., Zalipska, J., Zaremba, K., Zarnecki, G., Zhao, X., Zhu, T., Ziembicki, M., Zimmerman, E. D., Zito, M., and Zsoldos, S.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The T2K experiment widely uses plastic scintillator as a target for neutrino interactions and an active medium for the measurement of charged particles produced in neutrino interactions at its near detector complex. Over 10 years of operation the measured light yield recorded by the scintillator based subsystems has been observed to degrade by 0.9--2.2\% per year. Extrapolation of the degradation rate through to 2040 indicates the recorded light yield should remain above the lower threshold used by the current reconstruction algorithms for all subsystems. This will allow the near detectors to continue contributing to important physics measurements during the T2K-II and Hyper-Kamiokande eras. Additionally, work to disentangle the degradation of the plastic scintillator and wavelength shifting fibres shows that the reduction in light yield can be attributed to the ageing of the plastic scintillator., Comment: 29 pages, 18 figures. Prepared for submission to JINST
Published: 2022

37. Neutron detection and application with a novel 3D-projection scintillator tracker in the future long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments

Author: Gwon, S, Granger, P, Yang, G, Bolognesi, S, Cai, T, Danilov, M, Delbart, A, De Roeck, A, Dolan, S, Eurin, G, Razakamiandra, RF, Fedotov, S, Aguirre, G Fiorentini, Flight, R, Gran, R, Ha, C, Jung, CK, Jung, KY, Kettell, S, Khabibullin, M, Khotjantsev, A, Kordosky, M, Kudenko, Y, Kutter, T, Maneira, J, Manly, S, Caicedo, DA Martinez, Mauger, C, McFarland, K, McGrew, C, Mefodev, A, Mineev, O, Naples, D, Olivier, A, Paolone, V, Prasad, S, Riccio, C, Rondon, J Rodriguez, Sgalaberna, D, Sitraka, A, Siyeon, K, Skrobova, N, Su, H, Suvorov, S, Teklu, A, Tzanov, M, Valencia, E, Wood, K, Worcester, E, and Yershov, N
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Affordable and Clean Energy, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Mathematical physics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Published: 2023

38. Tibial Cortex Transverse Transport Facilitates Severe Diabetic Foot Wound Healing via HIF-1α-Induced Angiogenesis

Author: Liu J, Huang X, Su H, Yu J, Nie X, Liu K, Qin W, Zhao Y, Su Y, Kuang X, Chen D, Lu WW, Chen Y, and Hua Q
Subjects: distraction osteogenesis, tibial cortex transverse transport, diabetic foot, hif-1α, angiogenesis, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: Jie Liu,1,&ast; Xiajie Huang,1,&ast; Hongjie Su,1 Jie Yu,1 Xinyu Nie,1 Kaibing Liu,1 Wencong Qin,1 Yongxin Zhao,1 Yongfeng Su,1 Xiaocong Kuang,2 Di Chen,3 William W Lu,4 Yan Chen,1 Qikai Hua1 1Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China; 2Yulin Campus of Guangxi Medical University, Yulin, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China; 3Research Center for Computer-Aided Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yan Chen; Qikai Hua, Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China, Email cy003@connect.hku.hk; hqk100@yeah.netPurpose: Management of severe diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) remains challenging. Tibial cortex transverse transport (TTT) facilitates healing and limb salvage in patients with recalcitrant DFUs. However, the underlying mechanism is largely unknown, necessitating the establishment of an animal model and mechanism exploration.Methods: Severe DFUs were induced in rats, then assigned to TTT, sham, or control groups (n=16/group). The TTT group underwent a tibial corticotomy, with 6 days each of medial and lateral transport; the sham group had a corticotomy without transport. Ulcer healing was assessed through Laser Doppler, CT angiography, histology, and immunohistochemistry. Serum HIF-1α, PDGF-BB, SDF-1, and VEGF levels were measured by ELISA.Results: The TTT group showed lower percentages of wound area, higher dermis thickness (all p < 0.001 expect for p = 0.001 for TTT vs Sham at day 6) and percentage of collagen content (all p < 0.001) than the other two groups. The TTT group had higher perfusion and vessel volume in the hindlimb (all p < 0.001). The number of CD31+ cells (all p < 0.001) and VEGFR2+ cells (at day 6, TTT vs Control, p = 0.001, TTT vs Sham, p = 0.006; at day 12, TTT vs Control, p = 0.003, TTT vs Sham, p = 0.01) were higher in the TTT group. The activity of HIF-1α, PDGF-BB, and SDF-1 was increased in the TTT group (all p < 0.001 except for SDF-1 at day 12, TTT vs Sham, p = 0.005). The TTT group had higher levels of HIF-1α, PDGF-BB, SDF-1, and VEGF in serum than the other groups (all p < 0.001).Conclusion: TTT enhanced neovascularization and perfusion at the hindlimb and accelerated healing of the severe DFUs. The underlying mechanism is related to HIF-1α-induced angiogenesis.Keywords: distraction osteogenesis, tibial cortex transverse transport, diabetic foot, HIF-1α, angiogenesis
Published: 2024

39. Evidence of fully-gapped superconductivity in NbReSi: A combined $\mu$SR and NMR study

Author: Shang, T., Tay, D., Su, H., Yuan, H. Q., and Shiroka, T.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract: We report a comprehensive study of the noncentrosymmetric NbReSi superconductor by means of muon-spin rotation and relaxation ($\mu$SR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. NbReSi is a bulk superconductor with $T_c = 6.5$ K, characterized by a large upper critical field, which exceeds the Pauli limit. Both the superfluid density $\rho_\mathrm{sc}(T)$ (determined via transverse-field $\mu$SR) and the spin-lattice relaxation rate $T_1^{-1}(T)$ (determined via NMR) suggest a nodeless superconductivity (SC) in NbReSi. We also find signatures of multigap SC, here evidenced by the field-dependent muon-spin relaxation rate and the electronic specific-heat coefficient. The absence of spontaneous magnetic fields below $T_c$, as evinced from zero-field $\mu$SR measurements, indicates a preserved time-reversal symmetry in the superconducting state of NbReSi. Finally, we discuss possible reasons for the unusually large upper critical field of NbReSi, most likely arising from its anisotropic crystal structure., Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures; accepted by Phys. Rev. B
Published: 2022
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40. Simultaneous measurement of proton and lepton kinematics in quasielastic-like $\nu_{\mu}$-hydrocarbon interactions from 2 to 20 GeV

Author: The MINERvA Collaboration, Ruterbories, D., Akhter, S., Dar, Z. Ahmad, Akbar, F., Ansari, V., Ascencio, M. V., Athar, M. Sajjad, Bashyal, A., Bercellie, A., Betancourt, M., Bodek, A., Bonilla, J. L., Bravar, A., Budd, H., Caceres, G., Cai, T., Carneiro, M. F., Díaz, G. A., da Motta, H., Felix, J., Fields, L., Filkins, A., Fine, R., Gago, A. M., Gallagher, H., Gaur, P. K., Ghosh, A., Gilligan, S. M., Gran, R., Haase, E., Harris, D. A., Henry, S., Jacobsen, K., Jena, D., Jena, S., Kleykamp, J., Klustová, A., Kordosky, M., Last, D., Lozano, A., Lu, X. -G., Maher, E., Manly, S., Mann, W. A., Mauger, C., McFarland, K. S., McGowan, A. M., Messerly, B., Miller, J., Moreno, O., Morfín, J. G., Naples, D., Nelson, J. K., Nguyen, C., Olivier, A., Paolone, V., Perdue, G. N., Plows, K. -J., Ramírez, M. A., Ransome, R. D., Ray, H., Schellman, H., Salinas, C. J. Solano, Su, H., Sultana, M., Syrotenko, V. S., Valencia, E., Vaughan, N. H., Waldron, A. V., Wascko, M. O., Wret, C., Yaeggy, B., and Zazueta, L.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Neutrino charged-current quasielastic-like scattering, a reaction category extensively used in neutrino oscillation measurements, probes nuclear effects that govern neutrino-nucleus interactions. This Letter reports the first measurement of the triple-differential cross section for $\nu_{\mu}$ quasielastic-like reactions using the hydrocarbon medium of the MINERvA detector exposed to a wide-band beam spanning 2 $\leq$ E$_\nu \leq$ 20 GeV. The measurement maps the correlations among transverse and longitudinal muon momenta and summed proton kinetic energies, and compares them to predictions from a state-of-art simulation. Discrepancies are observed that likely reflect shortfalls with modeling of pion and nucleon intranuclear scattering and/or spectator nucleon ejection from struck nuclei. The separate determination of leptonic and hadronic variables can inform experimental approaches to neutrino-energy estimation., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures. Supplementary 18 figures
Published: 2022

41. Suppression of ferromagnetism and influence of disorder in silicon-substituted CeRh6Ge4

Author: Zhang, Y. J., Nie, Z. Y., Li, R., Li, Y. C., Yang, D. L., Shen, B., Ye, C., Su, H., Shi, R., Wang, S. Y., Steglich, F., Smidman, M., and Yuan, H. Q.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract: We report a study of isoelectronic chemical substitution in the recently discovered quantum critical ferromagnet CeRh$_6$Ge$_4$. Upon silicon-doping, the ferromagnetic ordering temperature of CeRh$_6$(Ge$_{1-x}$Si$_x$)$_4$ is continuously suppressed, and no transition is observed beyond $x_c$$\approx$0.125. Non-Fermi liquid behavior with $C/T \propto$log($T^*/T$) is observed close to $x_c$, indicating the existence of strong quantum fluctuations, while the $T$-linear behavior observed upon pressurizing the parent compound is absent in the resistivity, which appears to be a consequence of the disorder induced by silicon doping. Our findings provide evidence for the role played by disorder on the unusual ferromagnetic quantum criticality in CeRh$_6$Ge$_4$, and provides further evidence for understanding the origin of this behavior.
Published: 2022
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42. Vertex finding in neutrino-nucleus interaction: A Model Architecture Comparison

Author: Akbar, F., Ghosh, A., Young, S., Akhter, S., Dar, Z. Ahmad, Ansari, V., Ascencio, M. V., Athar, M. Sajjad, Bodek, A., Bonilla, J. L., Bravar, A., Budd, H., Caceres, G., Cai, T., Carneiro, M. F., Díaz, G. A., Felix, J., Fields, L., Filkins, A., Fine, R., Gaura, P. K., Gran, R., Harris, D. A., Jena, D., Jena, S., Kleykamp, J., Klustová, A., Last, D., Lozano, A., Lu, X. G., Maher, E., Manly, S., Mann, W. A., McFarland, K. S., Messerly, B., Miller, J., Moreno, O., Morfín, J. G., Nelson, J. K., Nguyen, C., Olivier, A., Paolone, V., Perdue, G. N., Plows, K. J., Ramírez, M. A., Ruterbories, D., Su, H., Syrotenko, V. S., Waldron, A. V., Yaeggy, B., and Zazueta, L.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: We compare different neural network architectures for Machine Learning (ML) algorithms designed to identify the neutrino interaction vertex position in the MINERvA detector. The architectures developed and optimized by hand are compared with the architectures developed in an automated way using the package "Multi-node Evolutionary Neural Networks for Deep Learning" (MENNDL), developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The two architectures resulted in a similar performance which suggests that the systematics associated with the optimized network architecture are small. Furthermore, we find that while the domain expert hand-tuned network was the best performer, the differences were negligible and the auto-generated networks performed well. There is always a trade-off between human, and computer resources for network optimization and this work suggests that automated optimization, assuming resources are available, provides a compelling way to save significant expert time.
Published: 2022
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43. Cardiometabolic Pregnancy Complications in Association With Autism-Related Traits as Measured by the Social Responsiveness Scale in ECHO

Author: Lyall, Kristen, Ning, Xuejuan, Aschner, Judy L, Avalos, Lyndsay A, Bennett, Deborah H, Bilder, Deborah A, Bush, Nicole R, Carroll, Kecia N, Chu, Su H, Croen, Lisa A, Dabelea, Dana, Daniels, Julie L, Duarte, Christiane, Elliott, Amy J, Fallin, M Daniele, Ferrara, Assiamira, Hertz-Picciotto, Irva, Hipwell, Alison E, Jensen, Elizabeth T, Johnson, Susan L, Joseph, Robert M, Karagas, Margaret, Kelly, Rachel S, Lester, Barry M, Margolis, Amy, McEvoy, Cindy T, Messinger, Daniel, Neiderhiser, Jenae M, O’Connor, Thomas G, Oken, Emily, Sathyanarayana, Sheela, Schmidt, Rebecca J, Sheinkopf, Stephen J, Talge, Nicole M, Turi, Kedir N, Wright, Rosalind J, Zhao, Qi, Newschaffer, Craig, Volk, Heather E, Ladd-Acosta, Christine, and Outcomes, on behalf of program collaborators for Environmental Influences on Child Health
Subjects: Epidemiology, Health Sciences, Behavioral and Social Science, Maternal Health, Pediatric, Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Prevention, Mental Health, Autism, Women's Health, Clinical Research, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD), Brain Disorders, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, 2.3 Psychological, social and economic factors, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Autistic Disorder, Cardiovascular Diseases, Child, Diabetes, Gestational, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy, Premature Birth, autism, cardiometabolic complications, obesity, pregnancy complications, Social Responsiveness Scale, Mathematical Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences
Abstract: Prior work has examined associations between cardiometabolic pregnancy complications and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) but not how these complications may relate to social communication traits more broadly. We addressed this question within the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes program, with 6,778 participants from 40 cohorts conducted from 1998-2021 with information on ASD-related traits via the Social Responsiveness Scale. Four metabolic pregnancy complications were examined individually, and combined, in association with Social Responsiveness Scale scores, using crude and adjusted linear regression as well as quantile regression analyses. We also examined associations stratified by ASD diagnosis, and potential mediation by preterm birth and low birth weight, and modification by child sex and enriched risk of ASD. Increases in ASD-related traits were associated with obesity (β = 4.64, 95% confidence interval: 3.27, 6.01) and gestational diabetes (β = 5.21, 95% confidence interval: 2.41, 8.02), specifically, but not with hypertension or preeclampsia. Results among children without ASD were similar to main analyses, but weaker among ASD cases. There was not strong evidence for mediation or modification. Results suggest that common cardiometabolic pregnancy complications may influence child ASD-related traits, not only above a diagnostic threshold relevant to ASD but also across the population.
Published: 2022

44. NbReSi: A Noncentrosymetric Superconductor with Large Upper Critical Field

Author: Su, H., Shang, T., Du, F., Chen, C. F., Ye, H. Q., Lu, X., Cao, C., Smidman, M., and Yuan, H. Q.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract: We report the discovery of superconductivity in noncentrosymmetric NbReSi, which crystallizes in a hexagonal ZrNiAl-type crystal structure with space group $P\bar{6}2m$ (No.~189). Bulk superconductivity, with $T_c$ = 6.5 K was characterized via electrical-resistivity, magnetization, and heat-capacity measurements. The low-temperature electronic specific heat suggests a fully gapped superconducting state in NbReSi, while a large upper critical field of $\mu_0H_\mathrm{c2}(0)$ $\sim$ 12.6 T is obtained, which is comparable to the weak-coupling Pauli limit. The electronic band-structure calculations show that the density of states at the Fermi level are dominated by Re and Nb $d$-orbitals, with a sizeable band splitting induced by the antisymmetric spin-orbit coupling. NbReSi represents another candidate material for revealing the puzzle of time-reversal symmetry breaking observed in some Re-based superconductors and its relation to the lack of inversion symmetry., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures; accepted by Phys. Rev. Materials
Published: 2021
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45. Complex magnetic phase diagram in noncentrosymmetric EuPtAs

Author: Xie, W., Luo, S. S., Su, H., Zheng, X. Y., Nie, Z. Y., Smidman, M., Takabatake, T., and Yuan, H. Q.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract: We report the observation of multiple magnetic transitions in single crystals of EuPtAs using magnetization, transport, and thermodynamic measurements. EuPtAs crystallizes in the noncentrosymmetric tetragonal LaPtSi-type structure (space group I41md) and undergoes a second-order antiferromagnetic transition at 14.8 K, which is followed by a first-order transition at about 7.5 K. Both transitions are suppressed by magnetic fields applied parallel and perpendicular to the c axis, and multiple field-induced transitions are observed for both field directions, leading to complex temperature-field diagrams with a dome-like magnetic phase for fields parallel to the c axis. Moreover, the dependence of the low temperature resistivity on the application of a training field, but the lack of remanent magnetization, suggests the presence of multiple antiferromagnetic domains in zero-field., Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2021
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46. Measurement of inclusive charged-current $\nu_{\numu}$ scattering on hydrocarbon at {<Enu>} 6 GeV with low three-momentum transfer

Author: Ascencio, M. V., Andrade, D. A., Mahbub, I., Dar, Z. Ahmad, Akbar, F., Bashyal, A., Bender, S., Bercellie, A., Betancourt, M., Bodek, A., Bonilla, J. L., Bonin, K., Budd, H., Cai, T., Carneiro, M. F., Diaz, G. A., da Motta, H., Felix, J., Fields, L., Filkins, A., Fine, R., Fuad, N., Gago, A. M., Gallagher, H., Ghosh, A., Gran, R., Haluptzok, T., Harris, D. A., Henry, S., Jena, S., Jena, D., Kleykamp, J., Klustova, A., Kordosky, M., Last, D., Lozano, A., Lu, X. -G., Maher, E., Manly, S., Mann, W. A., Mauger, C., McFarland, K. S., Miller, J., Morfin, J. G., Nelson, J. K., Nguyen, 4C., Olivier, A., Paolone, V., Perdue, G. N., Plows, K. -J., Ramirez, M. A., Ray, H., Reed, B. J., Rodrigues, P. A., Ruterbories, D., Schellman, H., Salinas, C. J. Solano, Su, H., Sultana, M., Valencia, E., Vaughan, N. H., Waldron, A. V., Wret, C., Yaeggy, B., Yang, K., and Zazueta, L.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The \minerva experiment reports double-differential cross-section measurements for $\nu_{\mu}$-carbon interactions with three-momentum transfer $|\vec{q}| < 1.2$ GeV obtained with medium energy exposures in the NuMI beam. These measurements are performed as a function of the three-momentum transfer and an energy transfer estimator called the available energy defined as the energy that would be visible in the detector. The double differential cross sections are compared to the GENIE and NuWro predictions along with the modified version of GENIE which incorporates new models for better agreement with earlier measurements from MINERvA. In these measurements, the quasi-elastic, resonance, and multi-nucleon knockout processes appear at different kinematics in this two-dimensional space. The results can be used to improve models for neutrino interactions needed by neutrino oscillation experiments.
Published: 2021
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47. Association of HbA1c Variability with Vibrating Perception Threshold in Middle-Aged and Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Author: Ding J, Shi Q, Dong L, Su H, Du Y, Pan T, and Zhong X
Subjects: type 2 diabetes mellitus, hba1c variability, vibrating perception threshold, diabetic peripheral neuropathy., Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951
Abstract: Jingcheng Ding,1,&ast; Qian Shi,1,&ast; Ling Dong,2 Hong Su,3 Yijun Du,1 Tianrong Pan,1 Xing Zhong1 1Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, 230601, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, 230601, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, Anhui Province, 230601, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xing Zhong, Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Hefei City, Anhui province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 18905692292, Email zhongxing761@163.comPurpose: To investigate the relationship between HbA1c variability and vibrating perception threshold (VPT) in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Patients and Methods: A total of 367 middle-aged and elderly patients with T2DM were enrolled. All patients were categorized into the control and vibration sensation deficiency group (VSD) based on VPT. Clinical data were collected. The coefficient of variation of glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c-CV) and the mean glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c-Mean) are considered as indexes of HbA1c variability. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, the generalized linear model and ROC curve correlation analysis were used to analyze the correlation of various factors and VPT.Results: The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and HbA1c-CV were identified as risk factors for vibration sensation deficiency in middle-aged and elderly patients with T2DM, while estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), triiodothyronine (T3), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were considered as protective factors. In the unadjusted generalized linear model, a significant association was observed between HbA1c-CV and VPT values. After adjusting for age, diabetic duration, SBP, homeostatic model assessment for beta-cell function (HOMA-β), ALT, eGFR, T3, 24-hour urinary protein excretion levels, and HbA1c-Mean, HbA1c-CV remained significantly correlated with VPT values on both sides. (left side, B=2.560, 95% CI 1.298~3.823; P< 0.001; right side, B=2.608, 95% CI 1.498~3.718, P< 0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) for HbA1c-CV and VSD prevalence was 0.723, with a sensitivity of 79.85%, specificity of 56.22%.Conclusion: The risk of developing VSD increases proportionally with higher HbA1c-CV levels in middle-aged and elderly patients with T2DM. Reaching and maintaining blood glucose stability is essential to the mitigation of diabetes peripheral neuropathy occurrence.Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, HbA1c variability, vibrating perception threshold, diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Published: 2024

48. Water-driven microbial nitrogen transformations in biological soil crusts causing atmospheric nitrous acid and nitric oxide emissions

Author: Maier, S, Kratz, AM, Weber, J, Prass, M, Liu, F, Clark, AT, Abed, RMM, Su, H, Cheng, Y, Eickhorst, T, Fiedler, S, Pöschl, U, and Weber, B
Subjects: In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Nitric Oxide, Nitrogen, Nitrogen Dioxide, Nitrous Acid, Nitrous Oxide, Oxygen, Soil, Soil Microbiology, Water, Environmental Sciences, Biological Sciences, Technology, Microbiology
Abstract: Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) release the reactive nitrogen gases (Nr) nitrous acid (HONO) and nitric oxide (NO) into the atmosphere, but the underlying microbial process controls have not yet been resolved. In this study, we analyzed the activity of microbial consortia relevant in Nr emissions during desiccation using transcriptome and proteome profiling and fluorescence in situ hybridization. We observed that < 30 min after wetting, genes encoding for all relevant nitrogen (N) cycling processes were expressed. The most abundant transcriptionally active N-transforming microorganisms in the investigated biocrusts were affiliated with Rhodobacteraceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Pseudomonadaceae within the Alpha- and Gammaproteobacteria. Upon desiccation, the nitrite (NO2-) content of the biocrusts increased significantly, which was not the case when microbial activity was inhibited. Our results confirm that NO2- is the key precursor for biocrust emissions of HONO and NO. This NO2- accumulation likely involves two processes related to the transition from oxygen-limited to oxic conditions in the course of desiccation: (i) a differential regulation of the expression of denitrification genes; and (ii) a physiological response of ammonia-oxidizing organisms to changing oxygen conditions. Thus, our findings suggest that the activity of N-cycling microorganisms determines the process rates and overall quantity of Nr emissions.
Published: 2022

49. Fully gapped superconductivity with preserved time reversal symmetry in noncentrosymmetric LaPdIn

Author: Su, H., Nie, Z. Y., Du, F., Luo, S. S., Wang, A., Zhang, Y. J., Chen, Y., Biswas, P. K., Adroja, D. T., Cao, C., Smidman, M., and Yuan, H. Q.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract: We report an investigation of the superconducting properties of the hexagonal noncentrosymmetric compound LaPdIn. Electrical resistivity, specific heat and ac susceptibility measurements demonstrate the presence of bulk superconductivity below $T_c$ = 1.6 K. The specific heat, together with the penetration depth measured using transverse-field muon spin rotation and the tunnel diode oscillator based method, are well described by single gap $s$-wave superconductivity, with a gap magnitude of 1.8$k_BT_c$. From zero-field muon spin relaxation results no evidence is found for the spontaneous emergence of magnetic fields in the superconducting state, indicating that time-reversal symmetry is preserved. Band structure calculations reveal that there is a relatively weak effect of antisymmetric spin-orbit coupling on the electronic bands near the Fermi level, which is consistent with there being negligible singlet-triplet mixing due to broken inversion symmetry. On the other hand, isostructural LuPdIn and LaPtIn do not exhibit superconductivity down to 0.4 K, which may be due to these systems having a smaller density of states at the Fermi level., Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2021
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50. Exploring Neutrino-Nucleus Interactions in the GeV Regime using MINERvA

Author: Lu, X. -G., Dar, Z. Ahmad, Akbar, F., Andrade, D. A., Ascencio, M. V., Barr, G. D., Bashyal, A., Bellantoni, L., Bercellie, A., Betancourt, M., Bodek, A., Bonilla, J. L., Budd, H., Caceres, G., Cai, T., Carneiro, M. F., da Motta, H., Diaz, G. A., Felix, J., Fields, L., Filkins, A., Fine, R., Gago, A. M., Gallagher, H., Gilligan, S. M., Gran, R., Harris, D. A., Henry, S., Jena, D., Jena, S., Kleykamp, J., Klustova, A., Kordosky, M., Last, D., Lozano, A., Maher, E., Manly, S., Mann, W. A., Mauger, C., McFarland, K. S., McGowan, A. M., Messerly, B., Miller, J., Morfin, J. G., Naples, D., Nelson, J. K., Nguyen, C., Olivier, A., Paolone, V., Perdue, G. N., Plows, K. -J., Ramirez, M. A., Ransome, R. D., Ray, H., Rodrigues, P. A., Ruterbories, D., Schellman, H., Salinas, C. J. Solano, Su, H., Sultana, M., Syrotenko, V. S., Valencia, E., Waldron, A. V., Wark, D., Weber, A., Yang, K., and Zazueta, L.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: With the advance of particle accelerator and detector technologies, the neutrino physics landscape is rapidly expanding. As neutrino oscillation experiments enter the intensity and precision frontiers, neutrino-nucleus interaction measurements are providing crucial input. MINERvA is an experiment at Fermilab dedicated to the study of neutrino-nucleus interactions in the regime of incident neutrino energies from one to few GeV. The experiment recorded neutrino and antineutrino scattering data with the NuMI beamline from 2009 to 2019 using the Low-Energy and Medium-Energy beams that peak at 3 GeV and 6 GeV, respectively. This article reviews the broad spectrum of interesting nuclear and particle physics that MINERvA investigations have illuminated. The newfound, detailed knowledge of neutrino interactions with nuclear targets thereby obtained is proving essential to continued progress in the neutrino physics sector., Comment: 22 pages, 17 figures. Accepted as invited contribution to EPJ special issue "Neutrino Interactions in the Intermediate and High Energy Region. Guest editors: Mohammad Sajjad Athar and Shri Krishna Singh"
Published: 2021
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