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2. Reviews and syntheses: Biological indicators of low-oxygen stress in marine water-breathing animals

Author

M. R. Roman, A. H. Altieri, D. Breitburg, E. M. Ferrer, N. D. Gallo, S. Ito, K. Limburg, K. Rose, M. Yasuhara, and L. A. Levin

Subjects
Ecology, QH540-549.5, Life, QH501-531, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

Anthropogenic warming and nutrient over-enrichment of our oceans have resulted in significant, and often catastrophic, reductions in dissolved oxygen (deoxygenation). Stress on water-breathing animals from this deoxygenation has been shown to occur at all levels of biological organization: cellular, organ, individual, species, population, community, and ecosystem. Most climate forecasts predict increases in ocean deoxygenation; thus, it is essential to develop reliable biological indicators of low-oxygen stress that can be used by regional and global oxygen monitoring efforts to detect and assess the impacts of deoxygenation on ocean life. This review focuses on responses to low-oxygen stress that are manifest at different levels of biological organization and at a variety of spatial and temporal scales. We compare particular attributes of these biological indicators to the dissolved oxygen threshold of response, timescales of response, sensitive life stages and taxa, and the ability to scale the response to oxygen stress across levels of organization. Where there is available evidence, we discuss the interactions of other biological and abiotic stressors on the biological indicators of low-oxygen stress. We address the utility, confounding effects, and implementation of the biological indicators of oxygen stress for research and societal applications. Our hope is that further refinement and dissemination of these oxygen stress indicators will provide more direct support for environmental managers, fisheries and mariculture scientists, conservation professionals, and policymakers to confront the challenges of ocean deoxygenation. An improved understanding of the sensitivity of different ocean species, communities, and ecosystems to low-oxygen stress will empower efforts to design monitoring programs, assess ecosystem health, develop management guidelines, track conditions, and detect low-oxygen events.

Published
2024
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3. Measurement of the energy dependence of the e + e − → B B ¯ $$ B\overline{B} $$ , B B ¯ ∗ $$ B{\overline{B}}^{\ast } $$ , and B ∗ B ¯ ∗ $$ {B}^{\ast }{\overline{B}}^{\ast } $$ cross sections at Belle II

Author

The Belle II collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Althubiti, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, M. Bauer, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer, J. Becker, P. K. Behera, J. V. Bennett, F. U. Bernlochner, V. Bertacchi, M. Bertemes, E. Bertholet, M. Bessner, S. Bettarini, B. Bhuyan, F. Bianchi, L. Bierwirth, T. Bilka, D. Biswas, A. Bobrov, D. Bodrov, A. Bolz, A. Bondar, J. Borah, A. Boschetti, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, R. A. Briere, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, S. Bussino, Q. Campagna, M. Campajola, L. Cao, G. Casarosa, C. Cecchi, J. Cerasoli, M.-C. Chang, P. Chang, P. Cheema, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, K. Chirapatpimol, H.-E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-J. Cho, S.-K. Choi, S. Choudhury, J. Cochran, L. Corona, J. X. Cui, S. Das, F. Dattola, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, S. A. De La Motte, G. de Marino, G. De Nardo, M. De Nuccio, G. De Pietro, R. de Sangro, M. Destefanis, S. Dey, R. Dhamija, A. Di Canto, F. Di Capua, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, I. Domínguez Jiménez, T. V. Dong, M. Dorigo, D. Dorner, K. Dort, D. Dossett, S. Dreyer, S. Dubey, K. Dugic, G. Dujany, P. Ecker, M. Eliachevitch, D. Epifanov, P. Feichtinger, T. Ferber, D. Ferlewicz, T. Fillinger, C. Finck, G. Finocchiaro, A. Fodor, F. Forti, A. Frey, B. G. Fulsom, A. Gabrielli, E. Ganiev, M. Garcia-Hernandez, R. Garg, A. Garmash, G. Gaudino, V. Gaur, A. Gaz, A. Gellrich, G. Ghevondyan, D. Ghosh, H. Ghumaryan, G. Giakoustidis, R. Giordano, A. Giri, A. Glazov, B. Gobbo, R. Godang, O. Gogota, P. Goldenzweig, W. Gradl, T. Grammatico, S. Granderath, E. Graziani, D. Greenwald, Z. Gruberová, T. Gu, Y. Guan, K. Gudkova, S. Halder, Y. Han, K. Hara, T. Hara, C. Harris, K. Hayasaka, H. Hayashii, S. Hazra, C. Hearty, M. T. Hedges, A. Heidelbach, I. Heredia de la Cruz, M. Hernández Villanueva, A. Hershenhorn, T. Higuchi, E. C. Hill, M. Hoek, M. Hohmann, P. Horak, C.-L. Hsu, T. Humair, T. Iijima, K. Inami, G. Inguglia, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, S. Ito, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, P. Jackson, W. W. Jacobs, E.-J. Jang, Q. P. Ji, S. Jia, Y. Jin, A. Johnson, K. K. Joo, H. Junkerkalefeld, H. Kakuno, M. Kaleta, D. Kalita, A. B. Kaliyar, J. Kandra, K. H. Kang, S. Kang, G. Karyan, T. Kawasaki, F. Keil, C. Ketter, C. Kiesling, C.-H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, H. Kindo, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, T. Koga, S. Kohani, K. Kojima, T. Konno, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, R. Kowalewski, T. M. G. Kraetzschmar, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, Y. Kulii, T. Kuhr, J. Kumar, M. Kumar, R. Kumar, K. Kumara, T. Kunigo, A. Kuzmin, Y.-J. Kwon, S. Lacaprara, Y.-T. Lai, T. Lam, L. Lanceri, J. S. Lange, M. Laurenza, R. Leboucher, F. R. Le Diberder, M. J. Lee, P. Leitl, P. Leo, D. Levit, P. M. Lewis, C. Li, L. K. Li, S. X. Li, Y. Li, Y. B. Li, J. Libby, Q. Y. Liu, Z. Q. Liu, D. Liventsev, S. Longo, A. Lozar, T. Lueck, C. Lyu, Y. Ma, M. Maggiora, S. P. Maharana, R. Maiti, S. Maity, G. Mancinelli, R. Manfredi, E. Manoni, M. Mantovano, D. Marcantonio, S. Marcello, C. Marinas, L. Martel, C. Martellini, A. Martini, T. Martinov, L. Massaccesi, M. Masuda, T. Matsuda, K. Matsuoka, D. Matvienko, S. K. Maurya, J. A. McKenna, R. Mehta, F. Meier, M. Merola, F. Metzner, M. Milesi, C. Miller, M. Mirra, S. Mitra, K. Miyabayashi, H. Miyake, R. Mizuk, G. B. Mohanty, N. Molina-Gonzalez, S. Mondal, S. Moneta, H.-G. Moser, M. Mrvar, R. Mussa, I. Nakamura, M. Nakao, Y. Nakazawa, A. Narimani Charan, M. Naruki, D. Narwal, Z. Natkaniec, A. Natochii, L. Nayak, M. Nayak, G. Nazaryan, M. Neu, C. Niebuhr, N. K. Nisar, S. Nishida, S. Ogawa, Y. Onishchuk, H. Ono, Y. Onuki, P. Oskin, F. Otani, P. Pakhlov, G. Pakhlova, A. Paladino, A. Panta, E. Paoloni, S. Pardi, K. Parham, H. Park, J. Park, S.-H. Park, B. Paschen, A. Passeri, S. Patra, S. Paul, T. K. Pedlar, I. Peruzzi, R. Peschke, R. Pestotnik, F. Pham, M. Piccolo, L. E. Piilonen, G. Pinna Angioni, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, T. Podobnik, S. Pokharel, C. Praz, S. Prell, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, S. Privalov, H. Purwar, N. Rad, P. Rados, G. Raeuber, S. Raiz, N. Rauls, K. Ravindran, M. Reif, S. Reiter, M. Remnev, L. Reuter, I. Ripp-Baudot, S. H. Robertson, M. Roehrken, J. M. Roney, A. Rostomyan, N. Rout, G. Russo, D. Sahoo, D. A. Sanders, S. Sandilya, A. Sangal, L. Santelj, Y. Sato, V. Savinov, B. Scavino, S. Schneider, M. Schnepf, C. Schwanda, Y. Seino, A. Selce, K. Senyo, J. Serrano, M. E. Sevior, C. Sfienti, W. Shan, C. Sharma, C. P. Shen, X. D. Shi, T. Shillington, T. Shimasaki, J.-G. Shiu, D. Shtol, B. Shwartz, A. Sibidanov, F. Simon, J. B. Singh, J. Skorupa, K. Smith, R. J. Sobie, M. Sobotzik, A. Soffer, A. Sokolov, E. Solovieva, S. Spataro, B. Spruck, M. Starič, P. Stavroulakis, S. Stefkova, Z. S. Stottler, R. Stroili, J. Strube, Y. Sue, M. Sumihama, K. Sumisawa, W. Sutcliffe, H. Svidras, M. Takahashi, M. Takizawa, U. Tamponi, S. Tanaka, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, A. Thaller, O. Tittel, R. Tiwary, D. Tonelli, E. Torassa, N. Toutounji, K. Trabelsi, I. Tsaklidis, M. Uchida, I. Ueda, Y. Uematsu, T. Uglov, K. Unger, Y. Unno, K. Uno, S. Uno, P. Urquijo, Y. Ushiroda, S. E. Vahsen, R. van Tonder, G. S. Varner, K. E. Varvell, M. Veronesi, A. Vinokurova, V. S. Vismaya, L. Vitale, V. Vobbilisetti, R. Volpe, B. Wach, M. Wakai, S. Wallner, E. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, X. L. Wang, Z. Wang, A. Warburton, M. Watanabe, S. Watanuki, C. Wessel, E. Won, X. P. Xu, B. D. Yabsley, S. Yamada, W. Yan, S. B. Yang, J. Yelton, J. H. Yin, K. Yoshihara, C. Z. Yuan, L. Zani, F. Zeng, B. Zhang, Y. Zhang, V. Zhilich, J. S. Zhou, Q. D. Zhou, X. Y. Zhou, V. I. Zhukova, and R. Žlebčík

Subjects
e +-e − Experiments, Quarkonium, Spectroscopy, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract We report measurements of the e + e − → B B ¯ $$ B\overline{B} $$ , B B ¯ ∗ $$ B{\overline{B}}^{\ast } $$ , and B ∗ B ¯ ∗ $$ {B}^{\ast }{\overline{B}}^{\ast } $$ cross sections at four energies, 10653, 10701, 10746 and 10805 MeV, using data collected by the Belle II experiment. We reconstruct one B meson in a large number of hadronic final states and use its momentum to identify the production process. In the first 2 – 5 MeV above B ∗ B ¯ ∗ $$ {B}^{\ast }{\overline{B}}^{\ast } $$ threshold, the e + e − → B ∗ B ¯ ∗ $$ {B}^{\ast }{\overline{B}}^{\ast } $$ cross section increases rapidly. This may indicate the presence of a pole close to the threshold.

Published
2024
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4. Identification of Shell Colour Pigments in Marine Snails Clanculus pharaonius and C. margaritarius (Trochoidea; Gastropoda).

Author

S T Williams, S Ito, K Wakamatsu, T Goral, N P Edwards, R A Wogelius, T Henkel, L F C de Oliveira, L F Maia, S Strekopytov, T Jeffries, D I Speiser, and J T Marsden

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Colour and pattern are key traits with important roles in camouflage, warning and attraction. Ideally, in order to begin to understand the evolution and ecology of colour in nature, it is important to identify and, where possible, fully characterise pigments using biochemical methods. The phylum Mollusca includes some of the most beautiful exemplars of biological pigmentation, with the vivid colours of sea shells particularly prized by collectors and scientists alike. Biochemical studies of molluscan shell colour were fairly common in the last century, but few of these studies have been confirmed using modern methods and very few shell pigments have been fully characterised. Here, we use modern chemical and multi-modal spectroscopic techniques to identify two porphyrin pigments and eumelanin in the shell of marine snails Clanculus pharaonius and C margaritarius. The same porphyrins were also identified in coloured foot tissue of both species. We use high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to show definitively that these porphyrins are uroporphyrin I and uroporphyrin III. Evidence from confocal microscopy analyses shows that the distribution of porphyrin pigments corresponds to the striking pink-red of C. pharaonius shells, as well as pink-red dots and lines on the early whorls of C. margaritarius and yellow-brown colour of later whorls. Additional HPLC results suggest that eumelanin is likely responsible for black spots. We refer to the two differently coloured porphyrin pigments as trochopuniceus (pink-red) and trochoxouthos (yellow-brown) in order to distinguish between them. Trochopuniceus and trochoxouthos were not found in the shell of a third species of the same superfamily, Calliostoma zizyphinum, despite its superficially similar colouration, suggesting that this species has different shell pigments. These findings have important implications for the study of colour and pattern in molluscs specifically, but in other taxa more generally, since this study shows that homology of visible colour cannot be assumed without identification of pigments.

Published
2016
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5. Measurement of branching-fraction ratios and CP asymmetries in B ± → D CP± K ± decays at Belle and Belle II

Author

The Belle and Belle II collaboration, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, M. Bauer, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer, J. Becker, P. K. Behera, K. Belous, J. V. Bennett, F. U. Bernlochner, V. Bertacchi, M. Bertemes, E. Bertholet, M. Bessner, S. Bettarini, B. Bhuyan, F. Bianchi, T. Bilka, D. Biswas, A. Bobrov, D. Bodrov, A. Bolz, A. Bondar, J. Borah, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, R. A. Briere, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, S. Bussino, M. Campajola, L. Cao, G. Casarosa, C. Cecchi, J. Cerasoli, M.-C. Chang, P. Chang, P. Cheema, V. Chekelian, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, K. Chirapatpimol, H.-E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-K. Choi, Y. Choi, S. Choudhury, J. Cochran, L. Corona, L. M. Cremaldi, T. Czank, S. Das, F. Dattola, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, S. A. De La Motte, G. de Marino, G. De Nardo, M. De Nuccio, G. De Pietro, R. de Sangro, M. Destefanis, S. Dey, A. De Yta-Hernandez, R. Dhamija, A. Di Canto, F. Di Capua, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, I. Domínguez Jiménez, T. V. Dong, M. Dorigo, K. Dort, D. Dossett, S. Dreyer, S. Dubey, G. Dujany, P. Ecker, M. Eliachevitch, P. Feichtinger, T. Ferber, D. Ferlewicz, T. Fillinger, C. Finck, G. Finocchiaro, A. Fodor, F. Forti, A. Frey, B. G. Fulsom, A. Gabrielli, E. Ganiev, M. Garcia-Hernandez, R. Garg, A. Garmash, G. Gaudino, V. Gaur, A. Gaz, A. Gellrich, G. Ghevondyan, D. Ghosh, H. Ghumaryan, G. Giakoustidis, R. Giordano, A. Giri, B. Gobbo, R. Godang, O. Gogota, P. Goldenzweig, W. Gradl, S. Granderath, E. Graziani, D. Greenwald, Z. Gruberová, T. Gu, Y. Guan, K. Gudkova, S. Halder, Y. Han, T. Hara, K. Hayasaka, H. Hayashii, S. Hazra, C. Hearty, M. T. Hedges, A. Heidelbach, I. Heredia de la Cruz, M. Hernández Villanueva, A. Hershenhorn, T. Higuchi, E. C. Hill, M. Hoek, M. Hohmann, P. Horak, W.-S. Hou, C.-L. Hsu, T. Iijima, K. Inami, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, S. Ito, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, P. Jackson, W. W. Jacobs, E.-J. Jang, Q. P. Ji, S. Jia, Y. Jin, A. Johnson, H. Junkerkalefeld, H. Kakuno, A. B. Kaliyar, J. Kandra, K. H. Kang, G. Karyan, T. Kawasaki, F. Keil, C. Ketter, C. Kiesling, C.-H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, H. Kindo, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, T. Koga, S. Kohani, K. Kojima, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, R. Kowalewski, T. M. G. Kraetzschmar, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, T. Kuhr, M. Kumar, R. Kumar, K. Kumara, T. Kunigo, A. Kuzmin, Y.-J. Kwon, S. Lacaprara, Y.-T. Lai, T. Lam, L. Lanceri, J. S. Lange, M. Laurenza, R. Leboucher, F. R. Le Diberder, M. J. Lee, P. Leitl, D. Levit, P. M. Lewis, C. Li, J. Li, L. K. Li, Y. Li, J. Libby, Q. Y. Liu, Z. Q. Liu, D. Liventsev, S. Longo, T. Lueck, T. Luo, C. Lyu, Y. Ma, M. Maggiora, S. P. Maharana, R. Maiti, S. Maity, G. Mancinelli, R. Manfredi, E. Manoni, M. Mantovano, D. Marcantonio, S. Marcello, C. Marinas, L. Martel, C. Martellini, A. Martini, T. Martinov, L. Massaccesi, M. Masuda, T. Matsuda, D. Matvienko, S. K. Maurya, J. A. McKenna, R. Mehta, F. Meier, M. Merola, F. Metzner, M. Milesi, C. Miller, M. Mirra, K. Miyabayashi, R. Mizuk, G. B. Mohanty, N. Molina-Gonzalez, S. Mondal, S. Moneta, H.-G. Moser, M. Mrvar, R. Mussa, I. Nakamura, T. Nakano, Y. Nakazawa, A. Narimani Charan, M. Naruki, Z. Natkaniec, A. Natochii, L. Nayak, G. Nazaryan, N. K. Nisar, S. Nishida, S. Ogawa, H. Ono, Y. Onuki, P. Oskin, F. Otani, P. Pakhlov, G. Pakhlova, A. Paladino, A. Panta, E. Paoloni, S. Pardi, K. Parham, H. Park, S.-H. Park, B. Paschen, A. Passeri, S. Patra, S. Paul, T. K. Pedlar, I. Peruzzi, R. Peschke, R. Pestotnik, F. Pham, M. Piccolo, L. E. Piilonen, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, T. Podobnik, S. Pokharel, C. Praz, S. Prell, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, H. Purwar, N. Rad, P. Rados, G. Raeuber, S. Raiz, M. Reif, S. Reiter, M. Remnev, I. Ripp-Baudot, G. Rizzo, L. B. Rizzuto, S. H. Robertson, M. Roehrken, J. M. Roney, A. Rostomyan, N. Rout, G. Russo, D. Sahoo, S. Sandilya, A. Sangal, L. Santelj, Y. Sato, V. Savinov, B. Scavino, C. Schmitt, G. Schnell, C. Schwanda, A. J. Schwartz, Y. Seino, A. Selce, K. Senyo, J. Serrano, M. E. Sevior, C. Sfienti, W. Shan, C. Sharma, X. D. Shi, T. Shillington, J.-G. Shiu, D. Shtol, A. Sibidanov, F. Simon, J. B. Singh, J. Skorupa, R. J. Sobie, M. Sobotzik, A. Soffer, A. Sokolov, E. Solovieva, S. Spataro, B. Spruck, M. Starič, P. Stavroulakis, S. Stefkova, Z. S. Stottler, R. Stroili, J. Strube, M. Sumihama, K. Sumisawa, W. Sutcliffe, H. Svidras, M. Takahashi, M. Takizawa, U. Tamponi, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, A. Thaller, O. Tittel, R. Tiwary, D. Tonelli, E. Torassa, N. Toutounji, K. Trabelsi, I. Tsaklidis, M. Uchida, I. Ueda, S. Uehara, Y. Uematsu, T. Uglov, K. Unger, Y. Unno, K. Uno, S. Uno, P. Urquijo, Y. Ushiroda, S. E. Vahsen, R. van Tonder, G. S. Varner, K. E. Varvell, A. Vinokurova, V. S. Vismaya, L. Vitale, V. Vobbilisetti, R. Volpe, B. Wach, M. Wakai, S. Wallner, D. Wang, E. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, Z. Wang, A. Warburton, M. Watanabe, S. Watanuki, M. Welsch, C. Wessel, X. P. Xu, B. D. Yabsley, S. Yamada, W. Yan, S. B. Yang, J. H. Yin, K. Yoshihara, C. Z. Yuan, L. Zani, Y. Zhang, V. Zhilich, J. S. Zhou, Q. D. Zhou, V. I. Zhukova, and R. Žlebčík

Subjects
B Physics, CKM Angle Gamma, CP Violation, e +-e − Experiments, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract We report results from a study of B ± → DK ± decays followed by D decaying to the CP-even final state K + K − and CP-odd final state K S 0 π 0 $$ {K}_S^0{\pi}^0 $$ , where D is an admixture of D 0 and D ¯ 0 $$ {\overline{D}}^0 $$ states. These decays are sensitive to the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa unitarity-triangle angle ϕ 3. The results are based on a combined analysis of the final data set of 772 × 106 B B ¯ $$ B\overline{B} $$ pairs collected by the Belle experiment and a data set of 198 × 106 B B ¯ $$ B\overline{B} $$ pairs collected by the Belle II experiment, both in electron-positron collisions at the Υ(4S) resonance. We measure the CP asymmetries to be A $$ \mathcal{A} $$ CP+ = (+12.5 ± 5.8 ± 1.4)% and A $$ \mathcal{A} $$ CP− = (−16.7 ± 5.7 ± 0.6)%, and the ratios of branching fractions to be R $$ \mathcal{R} $$ CP+ = 1.164 ± 0.081 ± 0.036 and R $$ \mathcal{R} $$ CP− = 1.151 ± 0.074 ± 0.019. The first contribution to the uncertainties is statistical, and the second is systematic. The asymmetries A $$ \mathcal{A} $$ CP+ and A $$ \mathcal{A} $$ CP− have similar magnitudes and opposite signs; their difference corresponds to 3.5 standard deviations. From these values we calculate 68.3% confidence intervals of (8.5 ° < ϕ 3 < 16.5 ° ) or (84.5 ° < ϕ 3 < 95.5 ° ) or (163.3 ° < ϕ 3 < 171.5 ° ) and 0.321 < r B < 0.465.

Published
2024
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6. Measurement of CP asymmetries and branching-fraction ratios for B ± → DK ± and Dπ ± with D → K S 0 $$ {K}_{\textrm{S}}^0 $$ K ± π ∓ using Belle and Belle II data

Author

The Belle and Belle II collaborations, I. Adachi, L. Aggarwal, H. Aihara, N. Akopov, A. Aloisio, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, R. Ayad, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, M. Bauer, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, J. Becker, P. K. Behera, J. V. Bennett, F. U. Bernlochner, V. Bertacchi, M. Bertemes, E. Bertholet, M. Bessner, S. Bettarini, B. Bhuyan, F. Bianchi, T. Bilka, D. Biswas, A. Bobrov, D. Bodrov, A. Bolz, A. Bondar, J. Borah, A. Bozek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, R. A. Briere, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, S. Bussino, M. Campajola, L. Cao, G. Casarosa, C. Cecchi, J. Cerasoli, M.-C. Chang, P. Chang, R. Cheaib, P. Cheema, V. Chekelian, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, K. Chirapatpimol, H.-E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-K. Choi, Y. Choi, S. Choudhury, J. Cochran, L. Corona, L. M. Cremaldi, S. Das, F. Dattola, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, S. A. De La Motte, G. De Nardo, M. De Nuccio, G. De Pietro, R. de Sangro, M. Destefanis, S. Dey, A. De Yta-Hernandez, R. Dhamija, A. Di Canto, F. Di Capua, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, I. Domínguez Jiménez, T. V. Dong, M. Dorigo, K. Dort, S. Dreyer, S. Dubey, G. Dujany, P. Ecker, D. Epifanov, P. Feichtinger, T. Ferber, D. Ferlewicz, T. Fillinger, C. Finck, G. Finocchiaro, A. Fodor, F. Forti, A. Frey, B. G. Fulsom, A. Gabrielli, E. Ganiev, M. Garcia-Hernandez, R. Garg, A. Garmash, G. Gaudino, V. Gaur, A. Gaz, A. Gellrich, G. Ghevondyan, D. Ghosh, H. Ghumaryan, G. Giakoustidis, R. Giordano, A. Giri, B. Gobbo, R. Godang, O. Gogota, P. Goldenzweig, W. Gradl, E. Graziani, D. Greenwald, Z. Gruberová, T. Gu, Y. Guan, K. Gudkova, S. Halder, Y. Han, T. Hara, K. Hayasaka, S. Hazra, M. T. Hedges, I. Heredia de la Cruz, M. Hernández Villanueva, A. Hershenhorn, T. Higuchi, E. C. Hill, M. Hoek, M. Hohmann, W.-S. Hou, C.-L. Hsu, T. Iijima, K. Inami, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, S. Ito, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, P. Jackson, W. W. Jacobs, D. E. Jaffe, E.-J. Jang, Q. P. Ji, S. Jia, Y. Jin, A. Johnson, H. Junkerkalefeld, A. B. Kaliyar, J. Kandra, K. H. Kang, G. Karyan, T. Kawasaki, F. Keil, C. Ketter, C. Kiesling, C.-H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, H. Kindo, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, T. Koga, S. Kohani, K. Kojima, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, R. Kowalewski, T. M. G. Kraetzschmar, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, T. Kuhr, M. Kumar, K. Kumara, T. Kunigo, A. Kuzmin, Y.-J. Kwon, S. Lacaprara, Y.-T. Lai, T. Lam, L. Lanceri, J. S. Lange, M. Laurenza, K. Lautenbach, R. Leboucher, F. R. Le Diberder, P. Leitl, D. Levit, P. M. Lewis, C. Li, L. K. Li, J. Libby, Q. Y. Liu, Z. Q. Liu, D. Liventsev, S. Longo, T. Lueck, T. Luo, C. Lyu, Y. Ma, M. Maggiora, S. P. Maharana, R. Maiti, S. Maity, G. Mancinelli, R. Manfredi, E. Manoni, M. Mantovano, D. Marcantonio, C. Marinas, C. Martellini, A. Martini, T. Martinov, L. Massaccesi, M. Masuda, T. Matsuda, K. Matsuoka, D. Matvienko, S. K. Maurya, J. A. McKenna, R. Mehta, F. Meier, M. Merola, F. Metzner, M. Milesi, C. Miller, M. Mirra, K. Miyabayashi, R. Mizuk, G. B. Mohanty, N. Molina-Gonzalez, S. Mondal, S. Moneta, H.-G. Moser, M. Mrvar, R. Mussa, I. Nakamura, Y. Nakazawa, A. Narimani Charan, M. Naruki, Z. Natkaniec, A. Natochii, L. Nayak, G. Nazaryan, N. K. Nisar, S. Nishida, S. Ogawa, H. Ono, Y. Onuki, P. Oskin, F. Otani, P. Pakhlov, G. Pakhlova, A. Paladino, A. Panta, E. Paoloni, S. Pardi, K. Parham, H. Park, S.-H. Park, A. Passeri, S. Patra, S. Paul, T. K. Pedlar, I. Peruzzi, R. Peschke, R. Pestotnik, F. Pham, M. Piccolo, L. E. Piilonen, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, T. Podobnik, S. Pokharel, C. Praz, S. Prell, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, H. Purwar, N. Rad, P. Rados, G. Raeuber, S. Raiz, M. Reif, S. Reiter, M. Remnev, I. Ripp-Baudot, G. Rizzo, S. H. Robertson, M. Roehrken, J. M. Roney, A. Rostomyan, N. Rout, G. Russo, D. Sahoo, S. Sandilya, A. Sangal, L. Santelj, Y. Sato, V. Savinov, B. Scavino, C. Schmitt, G. Schnell, M. Schnepf, C. Schwanda, A. J. Schwartz, Y. Seino, A. Selce, K. Senyo, J. Serrano, M. E. Sevior, C. Sfienti, W. Shan, C. Sharma, X. D. Shi, T. Shillington, J.-G. Shiu, D. Shtol, A. Sibidanov, F. Simon, J. B. Singh, J. Skorupa, R. J. Sobie, M. Sobotzik, A. Soffer, A. Sokolov, E. Solovieva, S. Spataro, B. Spruck, M. Starič, P. Stavroulakis, S. Stefkova, Z. S. Stottler, R. Stroili, M. Sumihama, K. Sumisawa, W. Sutcliffe, H. Svidras, M. Takahashi, M. Takizawa, U. Tamponi, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, A. Thaller, O. Tittel, R. Tiwary, D. Tonelli, E. Torassa, K. Trabelsi, I. Tsaklidis, M. Uchida, I. Ueda, T. Uglov, K. Unger, Y. Unno, K. Uno, S. Uno, P. Urquijo, Y. Ushiroda, S. E. Vahsen, R. van Tonder, G. S. Varner, K. E. Varvell, M. Veronesi, V. S. Vismaya, L. Vitale, V. Vobbilisetti, R. Volpe, B. Wach, M. Wakai, S. Wallner, E. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, Z. Wang, A. Warburton, M. Watanabe, S. Watanuki, M. Welsch, C. Wessel, E. Won, X. P. Xu, B. D. Yabsley, S. Yamada, W. Yan, S. B. Yang, J. H. Yin, K. Yoshihara, C. Z. Yuan, Y. Yusa, L. Zani, Y. Zhang, V. Zhilich, J. S. Zhou, Q. D. Zhou, V. I. Zhukova, and R. Žlebčík

Subjects
B Physics, CKM Angle Gamma, CP Violation, e +-e − Experiments, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract We measure CP asymmetries and branching-fraction ratios for B ± → DK ± and Dπ ± decays with D → K S 0 $$ {K}_{\textrm{S}}^0 $$ K ± π ∓, where D is a superposition of D 0 and D ¯ $$ \overline{D} $$ 0. We use the full data set of the Belle experiment, containing 772 × 106 B B ¯ $$ B\overline{B} $$ pairs, and data from the Belle II experiment, containing 387 × 106 B B ¯ $$ B\overline{B} $$ pairs, both collected in electron-positron collisions at the Υ(4S) resonance. Our results provide model-independent information on the unitarity triangle angle ϕ 3.

Published
2023
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7. Prognostic impact of the surgical deep margin distance of invasive acral melanoma of the sole: A multi-institutional retrospective study

Author

S. Koizumi, Y. Ichigozaki, H. Kitagawa, Y. Kiniwa, S. Sato, T. Takai, R. Doi, T. Ito, Y. Kuwatsuka, T. Maekawa, J. Asai, T. Miyagawa, S. Matsushita, T. Funakoshi, Y. Yamamoto, A. Kishi, T. Takenouchi, H. Kokubu, S. Ito, Y. Umeda, H. Uchi, S. Ishizuki, S. Iino, T. Nakagawa, K. Inafuku, T. Kaneko, M. Nakagawa, H. Kamiya, T. Hoashi, M. Arima, K. Asagoe, A. Hiura, T. Haga, U. Iwasawa, M. Ishikawa, K. Manabe, N. Hatta, S. Minami, and Y. Nakamura

Subjects
Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Published
2024
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8. Overview of Large Helical Device experiments of basic plasma physics for solving crucial issues in reaching burning plasma conditions

Author

K. Ida, M. Yoshinuma, M. Kobayashi, T. Kobayashi, N. Kenmochi, F. Nespoli, R.M. Magee, F. Warmer, A. Dinklage, A. Matsuyama, R. Sakamoto, T. Nasu, T. Tokuzawa, T. Kinoshita, K. Tanaka, N. Tamura, K. Nagaoka, M. Nishiura, Y. Takemura, K. Ogawa, G. Motojima, T. Oishi, Y. Morishita, J. Varela, W.H.J. Hayashi, M. Markl, H. Bouvain, Y. Liang, M. Leconte, D. Moseev, V.E. Moiseenko, C.G. Albert, I. Allfrey, A. Alonso, F.J. Arellano, N. Ashikawa, A. Azegami, L. Bardoczi, M. van Berkel, M. Beurskens, M.W. Binderbaue, A. Bortolon, S. Brezinsek, R. Bussiahn, A. Cappa, D. Carralero, I.C. Chan, J. Cheng, X. Dai, D.J. Den Hartog, C.P. Dhard, F. Ding, A. Ejiri, S. Ertmer, T. Fornal, K. Fujita, Y. Fujiwara, H. Funaba, L. Garcia, J.M. Garcia-Regana, I. Garcia-Cortés, I.E. Garkusha, D.A. Gates, Y. Ghai, E.P. Gilson, H. Gota, M. Goto, E.M. Green, V. Haak, S. Hamaguchi, K. Hanada, H. Hara, D. Hartmann, Y. Hayashi, T. Henning, C. Hidalgo, J. Hillairet, R. Hutton, T. Ido, H. Igami, K. Ikeda, S. Inagaki, A. Ishizawa, S. Ito, M. Isobe, Y. Isobe, M. Ivkovic, Z. Jiang, J. Jo, S. Kamio, H. Kasahara, D. Kato, Y. Katoh, Y. Kawachi, Y. Kawamoto, G. Kawamura, T. Kawate, Ye.O. Kazakov, V. Klumper, A. Knieps, W.H. Ko, S. Kobayashi, F. Koike, Yu.V. Kovtun, M. Kubkowska, S. Kubo, S.S.H. Lam, A. Langenberg, H. Laqua, S. Lazerson, J. Lestz, B. Li, L. Liao, Z. Lin, R. Lunsford, S. Masuzaki, H. Matsuura, K.J. McCarthy, D. Medina-Roque, O. Mitarai, A. Mollen, C. Moon, Y. Mori, T. Morisaki, S. Morita, K. Mukai, I. Murakami, S. Murakami, T. Murase, C.M. Muscatello, K. Nagasaki, D. Naujoks, H. Nakano, M. Nakata, Y. Narushima, A. Nagy, J.H. Nicolau, T. Nishizawa, S. Nishimoto, H. Nuga, M. Nunami, R. Ochoukov, S. Ohdachi, J. Ongena, M. Osakabe, N.A. Pablant, N. Panadero, B. Peterson, J. de la Riva Villén, J. Romazanov, J. Rosato, M. Rud, S. Sakakibara, H.A. Sakaue, H. Sakai, I. Sakon, M. Salewski, S. Sangaroon, S. Sereda, T. Stange, K. Saito, S. Satake, R. Seki, T. Seki, S. Sharapov, A. Shimizu, T. Shimozuma, G. Shivam, M. Shoji, D.A. Spong, H. Sugama, Z. Sun, C. Suzuki, Y. Suzuki, T. Tajima, E. Takada, H. Takahashi, K. Toi, Y. Tsuchibushi, N. Tsujii, K. Tsumori, T.I. Tsujimurai, G. Ueno, H. Uehara, J.L. Velasco, E. Wang, K.Y. Watanabe, T. Wauter, U. Wenzel, M. Yajima, H. Yamada, I. Yamada, K. Yanagihara, H. Yamaguchi, R. Yanai, R. Yasuhara, M. Yokoyama, Y. Yoshimura, M. Zarnstorff, M. Zhao, G.Q. Zhong, Q. Zhou, S. Ziaei, LHD Experiment Group, and the W7-X Team

Subjects
Large Helical Device, basic plasma physics, burning plasma, wave–particle interaction, ion mixing, turbulence spreading, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Recently, experiments on basic plasma physics issues for solving future problems in fusion energy have been performed on a Large Helical Device. There are several problems to be solved in future devices for fusion energy. Emerging issues in burning plasma are: alpha-channeling (ion heating by alpha particles), turbulence and transport in electron dominant heating helium ash exhaust, reduction of the divertor heat load. To solve these problems, understanding the basic plasma physics of (1) wave–particle interaction through (inverse) Landau damping, (2) characteristics of electron-scale (high- k ) turbulence, (3) ion mixing and the isotope effect, and (4) turbulence spreading and detachment, is necessary. This overview discusses the experimental studies on these issues and turbulent transport in multi-ion plasma and other issues in the appendix.

Published
2024
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9. Suppression of resistive interchange instability by external RMP

Author

S. Ito, K.Y. Watanabe, Y. Takemura, S. Sakakibara, and S. Masamune

Subjects
helical plasma, interchange instability, RMP, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

We experimentally investigate the effect of external resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) on resistive interchange MHD instability which is typically observed in the Large Helical Device. We apply the m / n = 1/1 external RMP to discharges with the m / n = 1/1 interchange instability. We find that the electron density fluctuation as well as the magnetic field one is clearly reduced without a reduction of the pressure gradient by imposing the external RMP. Moreover, the achieved beta value as well as the beta gradient at the resonant surface is a little improved under certain conditions. Next, we investigate the responses of interchange instability to the external RMP under some different operational conditions. We find that the amplitude of the external RMP to completely suppress the instability with the shielding of the external RMP has a higher correlation with the volume-averaged beta value than other plasma parameters.

Published
2023
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11. Observation site selection for physical model parameter estimation towards process-driven seismic wavefield reconstruction

Author

K Nakai, T Nagata, K Yamada, Y Saito, T Nonomura, M Kano, S Ito, and H Nagao

Subjects
Physics - Geophysics, Signal Processing (eess.SP), Geophysics, Geochemistry and Petrology, FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, FOS: Physical sciences, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing, Physics::Geophysics, Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
Abstract

The ``big'' seismic data not only acquired by seismometers but also acquired by vibrometers installed in buildings and infrastructure and accelerometers installed in smartphones will be certainly utilized for seismic research in the near future. Since it is impractical to utilize all the seismic big data in terms of the computational cost, methods which can select observation sites depending on the purpose are indispensable. We propose an observation site selection method for the accurate reconstruction of the seismic wavefield by process-driven approaches. The proposed method selects observation sites suitable for accurately estimating physical model parameters such as subsurface structures and source information to be input into a numerical simulation of the seismic wavefield. The seismic wavefield is reconstructed by the numerical simulation using the parameters estimated based on the observed signals at only observation sites selected by the proposed method. The observation site selection in the proposed method is based on the sensitivity of each observation site candidate to the physical model parameters; the matrix corresponding to the sensitivity is constructed by approximately calculating the derivatives based on the simulations, and then, observation sites are selected by evaluating the quantity of the sensitivity matrix based on the D-optimality criterion proposed in the optimal design of experiments. In the present study, physical knowledge on the sensitivity to the parameters such as seismic velocity, layer thickness, and hypocenter location was obtained by investigating the characteristics of the sensitivity matrix. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the proposed method was shown by verifying the accuracy of seismic wavefield reconstruction using the observation sites selected by the proposed method., Comment: Accepted manuscript for publication in Geophysical Journal International

Published
2023
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12. Seismic wavefield reconstruction based on compressed sensing using data-driven reduced-order model

Author

T Nagata, K Nakai, K Yamada, Y Saito, T Nonomura, M Kano, S Ito, and H Nagao

Subjects
Signal Processing (eess.SP), Physics - Geophysics, Geophysics, Geochemistry and Petrology, FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, FOS: Physical sciences, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing, Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
Abstract

SUMMARY Reconstruction of the distribution of ground motion due to an earthquake is one of the key technologies for the prediction of seismic damage to infrastructure. Particularly, the immediate reconstruction of the spatially continuous wavefield is valuable for decision-making of disaster response decisions in the initial phase. For a fast and accurate reconstruction, utilization of prior information is essential. In fluid mechanics, full-state recovery, which recovers the full state from sparse observation using a data-driven model reduced-order model, is actively used. In this study, the framework developed in the field of fluid mechanics is applied to seismic wavefield reconstruction. A seismic wavefield reconstruction framework based on compressed sensing using the data-driven reduced-order model (ROM) is proposed and its characteristics are investigated through numerical experiments. The data-driven ROM is generated from the data set of the wavefield using the singular value decomposition. The spatially continuous seismic wavefield is reconstructed from the sparse and discrete observation and the data-driven ROM. The observation sites used for reconstruction are effectively selected by the sensor optimization method for linear inverse problems based on a greedy algorithm. The proposed framework was applied to simulation data of theoretical waveform with the subsurface structure of the horizontally stratified three layers. The validity of the proposed method was confirmed by the reconstruction based on the noise-free observation. Since the ROM of the wavefield is used as prior information, the reconstruction error is reduced to an approximately lower error bound of the present framework, even though the number of sensors used for reconstruction is limited and randomly selected. In addition, the reconstruction error obtained by the proposed framework is much smaller than that obtained by the Gaussian process regression. For the numerical experiment with noise-contaminated observation, the reconstructed wavefield is degraded due to the observation noise, but the reconstruction error obtained by the present framework with all available observation sites is close to a lower error bound, even though the reconstructed wavefield using the Gaussian process regression is fully collapsed. Although the reconstruction error is larger than that obtained using all observation sites, the number of observation sites used for reconstruction can be reduced while minimizing the deterioration and scatter of the reconstructed data by combining it with the sensor optimization method. Hence, a better and more stable reconstruction of the wavefield than randomly selected observation sites can be realized, even if the reconstruction is carried out with a smaller number of observations with observation noise, by combining it with the sensor optimization method.

Published
2022
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13. Build-up and dephasing of Floquet–Bloch bands on subcycle timescales

Author

S. Ito, M. Schüler, M. Meierhofer, S. Schlauderer, J. Freudenstein, J. Reimann, D. Afanasiev, K. A. Kokh, O. E. Tereshchenko, J. Güdde, M. A. Sentef, U. Höfer, and R. Huber

Subjects
Multidisciplinary
Abstract

Strong light fields have created opportunities to tailor novel functionalities of solids1,2,3,4,5. Floquet–Bloch states can form under periodic driving of electrons and enable exotic quantum phases6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15. On subcycle timescales, lightwaves can simultaneously drive intraband currents16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29 and interband transitions18,19,30,31, which enable high-harmonic generation16,18,19,21,22,25,28,29,30 and pave the way towards ultrafast electronics. Yet, the interplay of intraband and interband excitations and their relation to Floquet physics have been key open questions as dynamical aspects of Floquet states have remained elusive. Here we provide this link by visualizing the ultrafast build-up of Floquet–Bloch bands with time-resolved and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We drive surface states on a topological insulator32,33 with mid-infrared fields—strong enough for high-harmonic generation—and directly monitor the transient band structure with subcycle time resolution. Starting with strong intraband currents, we observe how Floquet sidebands emerge within a single optical cycle; intraband acceleration simultaneously proceeds in multiple sidebands until high-energy electrons scatter into bulk states and dissipation destroys the Floquet bands. Quantum non-equilibrium calculations explain the simultaneous occurrence of Floquet states with intraband and interband dynamics. Our joint experiment and theory study provides a direct time-domain view of Floquet physics and explores the fundamental frontiers of ultrafast band-structure engineering.

Published
2023

15. Anomalous Hall effect at the spontaneously electron-doped polar surface of PdCoO_{2} ultrathin films

Author

T. Harada, K. Sugawara, K. Fujiwara, M. Kitamura, S. Ito, T. Nojima, K. Horiba, H. Kumigashira, T. Takahashi, T. Sato, and A. Tsukazaki

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

We revealed the electrical transport through surface ferromagnetic states of a nonmagnetic metal PdCoO_{2}. Electronic reconstruction at the Pd-terminated surface of PdCoO_{2} induces Stoner-like ferromagnetic states, which could lead to spin-related phenomena among the highly conducting electrons in PdCoO_{2}. Fabricating a series of nanometer-thick PdCoO_{2} thin films, we detected a surface-magnetization-driven anomalous Hall effect via systematic thickness- and termination-dependent measurements. Besides, we discuss that finite magnetic moments in electron doped CoO_{2} triangular lattices may have given rise to additional unconventional Hall resistance.

Published
2020
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16. Cortex-dependent corrections as the tongue reaches for and misses targets

Author

Brendan S. Ito, James Redd, Mei Hong Liu, Brian Kardon, Jesse H. Goldberg, Tejapratap Bollu, and Samuel C. Whitehead

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Computer science, Drinking, Article, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, Neural activity, Deep Learning, 0302 clinical medicine, Tongue, Cortex (anatomy), Reaction Time, Neural control, medicine, Animals, Attention, Multidisciplinary, Motor Cortex, Water, Motor control, Adaptation, Physiological, Biomechanical Phenomena, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neuroscience, Psychomotor Performance, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Motor cortex
Abstract

Precise tongue control is necessary for drinking, eating and vocalizing(1–3). However, because tongue movements are fast and difficult to resolve, neural control of lingual kinematics remains poorly understood. Here we combine kilohertz-frame-rate imaging and a deep-learning-based neural network to resolve 3D tongue kinematics in mice drinking from a water spout. Successful licks required corrective submovements that—similar to online corrections during primate reaches(4–11)—occurred after the tongue missed unseen, distant or displaced targets. Photoinhibition of anterolateral motor cortex impaired corrections, which resulted in hypometric licks that missed the spout. Neural activity in anterolateral motor cortex reflected upcoming, ongoing and past corrective submovements, as well as errors in predicted spout contact. Although less than a tenth of a second in duration, a single mouse lick exhibits the hallmarks of online motor control associated with a primate reach, including cortex-dependent corrections after misses.

Published
2021
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21. Search for supernova bursts in Super-Kamiokande IV

Author

M. Mori, K. Abe, Y. Hayato, K. Hiraide, K. Ieki, M. Ikeda, S. Imaizumi, J. Kameda, Y. Kanemura, R. Kaneshima, Y. Kashiwagi, Y. Kataoka, S. Miki, S. Mine, M. Miura, S. Moriyama, Y. Nagao, M. Nakahata, Y. Nakano, S. Nakayama, Y. Noguchi, T. Okada, K. Okamoto, A. Orii, K. Sato, H. Sekiya, H. Shiba, K. Shimizu, M. Shiozawa, Y. Sonoda, Y. Suzuki, A. Takeda, Y. Takemoto, A. Takenaka, H. Tanaka, T. Tomiya, S. Watanabe, T. Yano, S. Yoshida, S. Han, T. Kajita, K. Okumura, T. Tashiro, X. Wang, J. Xia, G. D. Megias, D. Bravo-Berguño, P. Fernandez, L. Labarga, N. Ospina, B. Zaldivar, S. Zsoldos, B. W. Pointon, F. D. M. Blaszczyk, E. Kearns, J. L. Raaf, J. L. Stone, L. Wan, T. Wester, J. Bian, N. J. Griskevich, W. R. Kropp, S. Locke, M. B. Smy, H. W. Sobel, V. Takhistov, Yankelevich A., J. Hill, J. Y. Kim, I. T. Lim, R. G. Park, B. Bodur, K. Scholberg, C. W. Walter, L. Bernard, A. Coffani, O. Drapier, S. El Hedri, A. Giampaolo, Th. A. Mueller, P. Paganini, B. Quilain, A. D. Santos, T. Ishizuka, T. Nakamura, J. S. Jang, J. G. Learned, L. H. V. Anthony, D. Martin, M. Scott, A. A. Sztuc, Y. Uchida, V. Berardi, M. G. Catanesi, E. Radicioni, N. F. Calabria, L. N. Machado, G. De Rosa, G. Collazuol, F. Iacob, M. Lamoureux, M. Mattiazzi, L. Ludovici, M. Gonin, G. Pronost, Y. Maekawa, Y. Nishimura, C. Fujisawa, M. Friend, T. Hasegawa, T. Ishida, T. Kobayashi, M. Jakkapu, T. Matsubara, T. Nakadaira, K. Nakamura, Y. Oyama, K. Sakashita, T. Sekiguchi, T. Tsukamoto, H. Ozaki, T. Shiozawa, A. T. Suzuki, Y. Takeuchi, S. Yamamoto, Y. Kotsar, Y. Ashida, C. Bronner, J. Feng, S. Hirota, T. Kikawa, T. Nakaya, R. A. Wendell, K. Yasutome, N. McCauley, P. Mehta, K. M. Tsui, Y. Fukuda, Y. Itow, H. Menjo, K. Ninomiya, T. Niwa, M. Tsukada, J. Lagoda, S. M. Lakshmi, P. Mijakowski, J. Zalipska, M. Mandal, Y. S. Prabhu, J. Jiang, C. K. Jung, C. Vilela, M. J. Wilking, C. Yanagisawa, M. Jia, K. Hagiwara, M. Harada, T. Horai, H. Ishino, S. Ito, H. Kitagawa, Y. Koshio, W. Ma, F. Nakanishi, N. Piplani, S. Sakai, G. Barr, D. Barrow, L. Cook, S. Samani, D. Wark, F. Nova, T. Boschi, J. Gao, A. Goldsack, T. Katori, F. Di Lodovico, J. Migenda, M. Taani, J. Y. Yang, S. J. Jenkins, M. Malek, J. M. McElwee, O. Stone, M. D. Thiesse, L. F. Thompson, H. Okazawa, S. B. Kim, J. W. Seo, I. Yu, K. Nishijima, M. Koshiba, K. Nakagiri, Y. Nakajima, K. Iwamoto, N. Taniuchi, M. Yokoyama, K. Martens, P. de Perio, M. R. Vagins, M. Kuze, S. Izumiyama, T. Yoshida, M. Inomoto, M. Ishitsuka, H. Ito, T. Kinoshita, R. Matsumoto, K. Ohta, Y. Ommura, N. Shigeta, M. Shinoki, T. Suganuma, K. Yamauchi, J. F. Martin, H. A. Tanaka, T. Towstego, R. Akutsu, V. Gousy-Leblanc, M. Hartz, A. Konaka, N. W. Prouse, S. Chen, B. D. Xu, B. Zhang, M. Posiadala-Zezula, D. Hadley, M. Nicholson, M. O’Flaherty, B. Richards, A. Ali, B. Jamieson, J. Walker, Ll. Marti, A. Minamino, G. Pintaudi, R. Sasaki, S. Sano, S. Suzuki, K. Wada, S. Cao, A. ichikawa, K. D. Nakamura, S. Tairafune, K. Choi, Mori, M., Abe, K., Hayato, Y., Hiraide, K., Ieki, K., Ikeda, M., Imaizumi, S., Kameda, J., Kanemura, Y., Kaneshima, R., Kashiwagi, Y., Kataoka, Y., Miki, S., Mine, S., Miura, M., Moriyama, S., Nagao, Y., Nakahata, M., Nakano, Y., Nakayama, S., Noguchi, Y., Okada, T., Okamoto, K., Orii, A., Sato, K., Sekiya, H., Shiba, H., Shimizu, K., Shiozawa, M., Sonoda, Y., Suzuki, Y., Takeda, A., Takemoto, Y., Takenaka, A., Tanaka, H., Tomiya, T., Watanabe, S., Yano, T., Yoshida, S., Han, S., Kajita, T., Okumura, K., Tashiro, T., Wang, X., Xia, J., Megias, G. D., Bravo-Bergu??o, D., Fernandez, P., Labarga, L., Ospina, N., Zaldivar, B., Zsoldos, S., Pointon, B. W., Blaszczyk, F. D. M., Kearns, E., Raaf, J. L., Stone, J. L., Wan, L., Wester, T., Bian, J., Griskevich, N. J., Kropp, W. R., Locke, S., Smy, M. B., Sobel, H. W., Takhistov, V., A., Yankelevich, Hill, J., Kim, J. Y., Lim, I. T., Park, R. G., Bodur, B., Scholberg, K., Walter, C. W., Bernard, L., Coffani, A., Drapier, O., El Hedri, S., Giampaolo, A., Mueller, Th. A., Paganini, P., Quilain, B., Santos, A. D., Ishizuka, T., Nakamura, T., Jang, J. S., Learned, J. G., Anthony, L. H. V., Martin, D., Scott, M., Sztuc, A. A., Uchida, Y., Berardi, V., Catanesi, M. G., Radicioni, E., Calabria, N. F., Nascimento Machado, L., De Rosa, G., Collazuol, G., Iacob, F., Lamoureux, M., Mattiazzi, M., Ludovici, L., Gonin, M., Pronost, G., Maekawa, Y., Nishimura, Y., Fujisawa, C., Friend, M., Hasegawa, T., Ishida, T., Kobayashi, T., Jakkapu, M., Matsubara, T., Nakadaira, T., Nakamura, K., Oyama, Y., Sakashita, K., Sekiguchi, T., Tsukamoto, T., Ozaki, H., Shiozawa, T., Suzuki, A. T., Takeuchi, Y., Yamamoto, S., Kotsar, Y., Ashida, Y., Bronner, C., Feng, J., Hirota, S., Kikawa, T., Nakaya, T., Wendell, R. A., Yasutome, K., Mccauley, N., Mehta, P., Tsui, K. M., Fukuda, Y., Itow, Y., Menjo, H., Ninomiya, K., Niwa, T., Tsukada, M., Lagoda, J., Lakshmi, S. M., Mijakowski, P., Zalipska, J., Mandal, M., Prabhu, Y. S., Jiang, J., Jung, C. K., Vilela, C., Wilking, M. J., Yanagisawa, C., Jia, M., Hagiwara, K., Harada, M., Horai, T., Ishino, H., Ito, S., Kitagawa, H., Koshio, Y., Ma, W., Nakanishi, F., Piplani, N., Sakai, S., Barr, G., Barrow, D., Cook, L., Samani, S., Wark, D., Nova, F., Boschi, T., Gao, J., Goldsack, A., Katori, T., Di Lodovico, F., Migenda, J., Taani, M., Yang, J. Y., Jenkins, S. J., Malek, M., Mcelwee, J. M., Stone, O., Thiesse, M. D., Thompson, L. F., Okazawa, H., Kim, S. B., Seo, J. W., Yu, I., Nishijima, K., Koshiba, M., Nakagiri, K., Nakajima, Y., Iwamoto, K., Taniuchi, N., Yokoyama, M., Martens, K., de Perio, P., Vagins, M. R., Kuze, M., Izumiyama, S., Yoshida, T., Inomoto, M., Ishitsuka, M., Ito, H., Kinoshita, T., Matsumoto, R., Ohta, K., Ommura, Y., Shigeta, N., Shinoki, M., Suganuma, T., Yamauchi, K., Martin, J. F., Tanaka, H. A., Towstego, T., Akutsu, R., Gousy-Leblanc, V., Hartz, M., Konaka, A., Prouse, N. W., Chen, S., Xu, B. D., Zhang, B., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Hadley, D., Nicholson, M., O???flaherty, M., Richards, B., Ali, A., Jamieson, B., Walker, J., Marti, Ll., Minamino, A., Pintaudi, G., Sasaki, R., Sano, S., Suzuki, S., Wada, K., Cao, S., Ichikawa, A., Nakamura, K. D., Tairafune, S., and Choi, K.

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Supernova neutrinos, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Space and Planetary Science, Core-collapse supernovae Supernova neutrinos Particle astrophysics, Core-collapse supernovae, Particle astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

Super-Kamiokande has been searching for neutrino bursts characteristic of core-collapse supernovae continuously, in real time, since the start of operations in 1996. The present work focuses on detecting more distant supernovae whose event rate may be too small to trigger in real time, but may be identified using an offline approach. The analysis of data collected from 2008 to 2018 found no evidence of distant supernovae bursts. This establishes an upper limit of 0.29 yr−1 on the rate of core-collapse supernovae out to 100 kpc at 90% C.L. For supernovae that fail to explode and collapse directly to black holes the limit reaches to 300 kpc.

Published
2022

22. Bacterial meningitis after incomplete retrograde obliteration for duodenal varices with encephalopathy: A case report

Author

S. Ito and F. Chikamori

Subjects
lcsh:Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, medicine.medical_specialty, lcsh:R895-920, Bacterial meningitis, Encephalopathy, Duodenal varices, Coil migration, Gastroenterology, Retrograde obliteration, Internal medicine, Interventional Radiology, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Vein, Hepatic encephalopathy, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, medicine.disease, High fever, Endoscopy, medicine.anatomical_structure, business
Abstract

We report a case of bacterial meningitis in a 72-year-old female with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis who underwent incomplete retrograde obliteration for duodenal varices with encephalopathy. Two months after incomplete retrograde obliteration, she became febrile, drowsy, and was transported to hospital. Her serum ammonia level was normal. Endoscopy revealed that previously embolized coil was partially migrated into the duodenal lumen. Cerebrospinal fluid examination confirmed the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. She was treated with intravenous antibiotics. As there was a risk of bleeding, trans-ileocolic vein obliteration of duodenal varices was attempted. The patient slowly recovered and was discharged. This case indicated two problems could occur by coil migration after incomplete retrograde obliteration for duodenal varices with encephalopathy. One was bacterial meningitis and the other was risk of bleeding from duodenal varices. We conclude that cerebrospinal fluid examination is recommended for patients with high fever and abnormal mental status after incomplete retrograde obliteration, and immediate complete obliteration should be attempted for a risk of bleeding.

Published
2020
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23. Inhibition of the ATR kinase enhances 5-FU sensitivity independently of nonhomologous end-joining and homologous recombination repair pathways

Author

Takeshi K. Matsui, Eiichiro Mori, Genro Kashino, Atsuhisa Kajihara, Yoshihiko M. Sakaguchi, Tadaaki Kirita, Sotaro Kikuchi, Soichiro S. Ito, Masatoshi Hasegawa, Shinko Kobashigawa, Fumika Kitayoshi, Hitoki Nanaura, Kazuma Sugie, Mari Nakanishi, Masaya Matsubayashi, Shigehiro Tamaki, Akihisa Takahashi, and Yosuke Nakagawa

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, DNA End-Joining Repair, Ultraviolet Rays, DNA repair, DNA damage, Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins, Biochemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, Cell Line, Tumor, Neoplasms, Humans, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, Molecular Biology, 030102 biochemistry & molecular biology, Chemistry, Kinase, Autophosphorylation, DNA replication, Recombinational DNA Repair, Cell Biology, Cell cycle, Neoplasm Proteins, Cell biology, Non-homologous end joining, 030104 developmental biology, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Fluorouracil, Homologous recombination
Abstract

The anticancer agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is cytotoxic and often used to treat various cancers. 5-FU is thought to inhibit the enzyme thymidylate synthase, which plays a role in nucleotide synthesis and has been found to induce single- and double-strand DNA breaks. ATR Ser/Thr kinase (ATR) is a principal kinase in the DNA damage response and is activated in response to UV– and chemotherapeutic drug–induced DNA replication stress, but its role in cellular responses to 5-FU is unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of ATR inhibition on 5-FU sensitivity of mammalian cells. Using immunoblotting, we found that 5-FU treatment dose-dependently induced the phosphorylation of ATR at the autophosphorylation site Thr-1989 and thereby activated its kinase. Administration of 5-FU with a specific ATR inhibitor remarkably decreased cell survival, compared with 5-FU treatment combined with other major DNA repair kinase inhibitors. Of note, the ATR inhibition enhanced induction of DNA double-strand breaks and apoptosis in 5-FU–treated cells. Using gene expression analysis, we found that 5-FU induced the activation of the intra-S cell-cycle checkpoint. Cells lacking BRCA2 were sensitive to 5-FU in the presence of ATR inhibitor. Moreover, ATR inhibition enhanced the efficacy of the 5-FU treatment, independently of the nonhomologous end-joining and homologous recombination repair pathways. These findings suggest that ATR could be a potential therapeutic target in 5-FU–based chemotherapy.

Published
2020
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24. Severe Degenerative Changes in Cryptorchid Testes in Japanese Black Cattle

Author

Angeline Ping Ping Teh, Takeshi Osawa, Uda Zahli Izzati, Ohnmar Myint, Shidow Torisu, Yuichi Hidaka, Naoyuki Fuke, Go Kitahara, Yasuyuki Kaneko, Ryoji Yamaguchi, Hiroyuki Sato, Nguyen Van Diep, Takuya Hirai, and S. Ito

Subjects
Anti-Mullerian Hormone, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, 040301 veterinary sciences, Cattle Diseases, Inflammation, Enteroendocrine cell, 0403 veterinary science, Cryptorchidism, Testis, medicine, Animals, Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY, General Veterinary, business.industry, 0402 animal and dairy science, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Seminiferous Tubules, Immunohistochemistry, 040201 dairy & animal science, Testicular degeneration, Vascular Disorder, Cattle, medicine.symptom, business, Spermatogenesis, TESTICULAR HYPOPLASIA, Hormone
Abstract

This is a histopathologic and endocrinologic study of 6 calves diagnosed with cryptorchidism. Cases 1–3 were diagnosed as resembling testicular regression syndrome. In cases 1 and 2, the extracted tissue was a small, firm, gray-white mass, and there was lack of obvious testicular tissue in case 3. Histopathologically, the excised tissue in cases 1–3 was a fibrotic testicular remnant with inflammation, mineralization, hemosiderin-laden macrophages or lipofuscin-laden macrophages, and lack of germ cells and interstitial endocrine cells. These findings were compared with cases 4–6, which were diagnosed as testicular hypoplasia due to cryptorchidism. These cases had small but otherwise grossly unremarkable intra-abdominal testicular tissue and histologically had a few germ cells and sustentacular cells with arrested spermatogenesis and an increase in interstitial endocrine cells. Cases 1–3 had more severe degenerative changes compared with cases 4–6. In case 2, the average diameter of the seminiferous tubules was much smaller than in cases 4–6, and there were few tubule cross sections. Anti-Müllerian hormone (214 pg/ml) was detected in the plasma of case 2. Based on the macroscopic and histopathologic findings as well as endocrinologic profiles, the testicular degeneration in cases 1–3 was considered similar to that of testicular regression syndrome. In this condition, it is thought that a normally developing intra-abdominal testis undergoes degeneration due to heat or a vascular disorder such as torsion.

Published
2020
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25. First gadolinium loading to Super-Kamiokande

Author

K. Abe, C. Bronner, Y. Hayato, K. Hiraide, M. Ikeda, S. Imaizumi, J. Kameda, Y. Kanemura, Y. Kataoka, S. Miki, M. Miura, S. Moriyama, Y. Nagao, M. Nakahata, S. Nakayama, T. Okada, K. Okamoto, A. Orii, G. Pronost, H. Sekiya, M. Shiozawa, Y. Sonoda, Y. Suzuki, A. Takeda, Y. Takemoto, A. Takenaka, H. Tanaka, S. Watanabe, T. Yano, S. Han, T. Kajita, K. Okumura, T. Tashiro, J. Xia, G.D. Megias, D. Bravo-Berguño, L. Labarga, Ll. Marti, B. Zaldivar, B.W. Pointon, F.d.M. Blaszczyk, E. Kearns, J.L. Raaf, J.L. Stone, L. Wan, T. Wester, J. Bian, N.J. Griskevich, W.R. Kropp, S. Locke, S. Mine, M.B. Smy, H.W. Sobel, V. Takhistov, J. Hill, J.Y. Kim, I.T. Lim, R.G. Park, B. Bodur, K. Scholberg, C.W. Walter, L. Bernard, A. Coffani, O. Drapier, S. El Hedri, A. Giampaolo, M. Gonin, Th.A. Mueller, P. Paganini, B. Quilain, T. Ishizuka, T. Nakamura, J.S. Jang, J.G. Learned, L.H.V. Anthony, D. Martin, M. Scott, A.A. Sztuc, Y. Uchida, S. Cao, V. Berardi, M.G. Catanesi, E. Radicioni, N.F. Calabria, L.N. Machado, G. De Rosa, G. Collazuol, F. Iacob, M. Lamoureux, M. Mattiazzi, N. Ospina, L. Ludovici, Y. Maekawa, Y. Nishimura, M. Friend, T. Hasegawa, T. Ishida, T. Kobayashi, M. Jakkapu, T. Matsubara, T. Nakadaira, K. Nakamura, Y. Oyama, K. Sakashita, T. Sekiguchi, T. Tsukamoto, T. Boschi, J. Gao, F. Di Lodovico, J. Migenda, M. Taani, S. Zsoldos, Y. Kotsar, Y. Nakano, H. Ozaki, T. Shiozawa, A.T. Suzuki, Y. Takeuchi, S. Yamamoto, A. Ali, Y. Ashida, J. Feng, S. Hirota, T. Kikawa, M. Mori, T. Nakaya, R.A. Wendell, K. Yasutome, P. Fernandez, N. McCauley, P. Mehta, K.M. Tsui, Y. Fukuda, Y. Itow, H. Menjo, T. Niwa, K. Sato, M. Tsukada, J. Lagoda, S.M. Lakshmi, P. Mijakowski, J. Zalipska, J. Jiang, C.K. Jung, C. Vilela, M.J. Wilking, C. Yanagisawa, K. Hagiwara, M. Harada, T. Horai, H. Ishino, S. Ito, F. Kitagawa, Y. Koshio, W. Ma, N. Piplani, S. Sakai, G. Barr, D. Barrow, L. Cook, A. Goldsack, S. Samani, D. Wark, F. Nova, J.Y. Yang, S.J. Jenkins, M. Malek, J.M. McElwee, O. Stone, M.D. Thiesse, L.F. Thompson, H. Okazawa, S.B. Kim, J.W. Seo, I. Yu, A.K. Ichikawa, K. Nishijima, M. Koshiba, K. Iwamoto, Y. Nakajima, N. Ogawa, M. Yokoyama, K. Martens, M.R. Vagins, M. Kuze, S. Izumiyama, T. Yoshida, M. Inomoto, M. Ishitsuka, H. Ito, T. Kinoshita, R. Matsumoto, K. Ohta, M. Shinoki, T. Suganuma, J.F. Martin, H.A. Tanaka, T. Towstego, R. Akutsu, M. Hartz, A. Konaka, P. de Perio, N.W. Prouse, S. Chen, B.D. Xu, M. Posiadala-Zezula, D. Hadley, M. O’Flaherty, B. Richards, B. Jamieson, J. Walker, A. Minamino, G. Pintaudi, S. Sano, R. Sasaki, Abe, K., Bronner, C., Hayato, Y., Hiraide, K., Ikeda, M., Imaizumi, S., Kameda, J., Kanemura, Y., Kataoka, Y., Miki, S., Miura, M., Moriyama, S., Nagao, Y., Nakahata, M., Nakayama, S., Okada, T., Okamoto, K., Orii, A., Pronost, G., Sekiya, H., Shiozawa, M., Sonoda, Y., Suzuki, Y., Takeda, A., Takemoto, Y., Takenaka, A., Tanaka, H., Watanabe, S., Yano, T., Han, S., Kajita, T., Okumura, K., Tashiro, T., Xia, J., Megias, G. D., Bravo-Berguno, D., Labarga, L., Marti, L., Zaldivar, B., Pointon, B. W., Blaszczyk, F. D. M., Kearns, E., Raaf, J. L., Stone, J. L., Wan, L., Wester, T., Bian, J., Griskevich, N. J., Kropp, W. R., Locke, S., Mine, S., Smy, M. B., Sobel, H. W., Takhistov, V., Hill, J., Kim, J. Y., Lim, I. T., Park, R. G., Bodur, B., Scholberg, K., Walter, C. W., Bernard, L., Coffani, A., Drapier, O., Hedri, S. E., Giampaolo, A., Gonin, M., Mueller, T. A., Paganini, P., Quilain, B., Ishizuka, T., Nakamura, T., Jang, J. S., Learned, J. G., Anthony, L. H. V., Martin, D., Scott, M., Sztuc, A. A., Uchida, Y., Cao, S., Berardi, V., Catanesi, M. G., Radicioni, E., Calabria, N. F., Nascimento Machado, L., De Rosa, G., Collazuol, G., Iacob, F., Lamoureux, M., Mattiazzi, M., Ospina, N., Ludovici, L., Maekawa, Y., Nishimura, Y., Friend, M., Hasegawa, T., Ishida, T., Kobayashi, T., Jakkapu, M., Matsubara, T., Nakadaira, T., Nakamura, K., Oyama, Y., Sakashita, K., Sekiguchi, T., Tsukamoto, T., Boschi, T., Gao, J., Di Lodovico, F., Migenda, J., Taani, M., Zsoldos, S., Kotsar, Y., Nakano, Y., Ozaki, H., Shiozawa, T., Suzuki, A. T., Takeuchi, Y., Yamamoto, S., Ali, A., Ashida, Y., Feng, J., Hirota, S., Kikawa, T., Mori, M., Nakaya, T., Wendell, R. A., Yasutome, K., Fernandez, P., Mccauley, N., Mehta, P., Tsui, K. M., Fukuda, Y., Itow, Y., Menjo, H., Niwa, T., Sato, K., Tsukada, M., Lagoda, J., Lakshmi, S. M., Mijakowski, P., Zalipska, J., Jiang, J., Jung, C. K., Vilela, C., Wilking, M. J., Yanagisawa, C., Hagiwara, K., Harada, M., Horai, T., Ishino, H., Ito, S., Kitagawa, F., Koshio, Y., Ma, W., Piplani, N., Sakai, S., Barr, G., Barrow, D., Cook, L., Goldsack, A., Samani, S., Wark, D., Nova, F., Yang, J. Y., Jenkins, S. J., Malek, M., Mcelwee, J. M., Stone, O., Thiesse, M. D., Thompson, L. F., Okazawa, H., Kim, S. B., Seo, J. W., Yu, I., Ichikawa, A. K., Nishijima, K., Koshiba, M., Iwamoto, K., Nakajima, Y., Ogawa, N., Yokoyama, M., Martens, K., Vagins, M. R., Kuze, M., Izumiyama, S., Yoshida, T., Inomoto, M., Ishitsuka, M., Ito, H., Kinoshita, T., Matsumoto, R., Ohta, K., Shinoki, M., Suganuma, T., Martin, J. F., Tanaka, H. A., Towstego, T., Akutsu, R., Hartz, M., Konaka, A., de Perio, P., Prouse, N. W., Chen, S., Xu, B. D., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Hadley, D., O'Flaherty, M., Richards, B., Jamieson, B., Walker, J., Minamino, A., Pintaudi, G., Sano, S., and Sasaki, R.

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Gadolinium Neutrino Neutron Water Cherenkov detector, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Gadolinium, Neutron, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), 01 natural sciences, Water Cherenkov detector, 0103 physical sciences, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

In order to improve Super-Kamiokande's neutron detection efficiency and to thereby increase its sensitivity to the diffuse supernova neutrino background flux, 13 tons of $\rm Gd_2(\rm SO_4)_3\cdot \rm 8H_2O$ (gadolinium sulfate octahydrate) was dissolved into the detector's otherwise ultrapure water from July 14 to August 17, 2020, marking the start of the SK-Gd phase of operations. During the loading, water was continuously recirculated at a rate of 60 m$^3$/h, extracting water from the top of the detector and mixing it with concentrated $\rm Gd_2(\rm SO_4)_3\cdot \rm 8H_2O$ solution to create a 0.02% solution of the Gd compound before injecting it into the bottom of the detector. A clear boundary between the Gd-loaded and pure water was maintained through the loading, enabling monitoring of the loading itself and the spatial uniformity of the Gd concentration over the 35 days it took to reach the top of the detector. During the subsequent commissioning the recirculation rate was increased to 120 m$^3$/h, resulting in a constant and uniform distribution of Gd throughout the detector and water transparency equivalent to that of previous pure-water operation periods. Using an Am-Be neutron calibration source the mean neutron capture time was measured to be $115\pm1$ $\mu$s, which corresponds to a Gd concentration of $111\pm2$ ppm, as expected for this level of Gd loading. This paper describes changes made to the water circulation system for this detector upgrade, the Gd loading procedure, detector commissioning, and the first neutron calibration measurements in SK-Gd., Comment: 37 pages, 19 Figures, Accepted for publication in Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A

Published
2022

26. Neutron tagging following atmospheric neutrino events in a water Cherenkov detector

Author

K. Abe, Y. Haga, Y. Hayato, K. Hiraide, K. Ieki, M. Ikeda, S. Imaizumi, K. Iyogi, J. Kameda, Y. Kanemura, Y. Kataoka, Y. Kato, Y. Kishimoto, S. Miki, S. Mine, M. Miura, T. Mochizuki, S. Moriyama, Y. Nagao, M. Nakahata, T. Nakajima, Y. Nakano, S. Nakayama, T. Okada, K. Okamoto, A. Orii, K. Sato, H. Sekiya, M. Shiozawa, Y. Sonoda, Y. Suzuki, A. Takeda, Y. Takemoto, A. Takenaka, H. Tanaka, S. Tasaka, T. Tomura, K. Ueno, S. Watanabe, T. Yano, T. Yokozawa, S. Han, T. Irvine, T. Kajita, I. Kametani, K. Kaneyuki, K.P. Lee, T. McLachlan, K. Okumura, E. Richard, T. Tashiro, R. Wang, J. Xia, G.D. Megias, D. Bravo-Berguño, L. Labarga, B. Zaldivar, M. Goldhaber, F.d.M. Blaszczyk, J. Gustafson, C. Kachulis, E. Kearns, J.L. Raaf, J.L. Stone, L.R. Sulak, S. Sussman, L. Wan, T. Wester, B.W. Pointon, J. Bian, G. Carminati, M. Elnimr, N.J. Griskevich, W.R. Kropp, S. Locke, A. Renshaw, M.B. Smy, H.W. Sobel, V. Takhistov, P. Weatherly, K.S. Ganezer, B.L. Hartfiel, J. Hill, W.E. Keig, N. Hong, J.Y. Kim, I.T. Lim, R.G. Park, T. Akiri, B. Bodur, A. Himmel, Z. Li, E. O'Sullivan, K. Scholberg, C.W. Walter, T. Wongjirad, L. Bernard, A. Coffani, O. Drapier, S. El Hedri, A. Giampaolo, J. Imber, Th.A. Mueller, P. Paganini, B. Quilain, T. Ishizuka, T. Nakamura, J.S. Jang, K. Choi, J.G. Learned, S. Matsuno, S.N. Smith, J. Amey, L.H.V. Anthony, R.P. Litchfield, W.Y. Ma, D. Marin, A.A. Sztuc, Y. Uchida, M.O. Wascko, V. Berardi, M.G. Catanesi, R.A. Intonti, E. Radicioni, N.F. Calabria, G. De Rosa, L.N. Machado, G. Collazuol, F. Iacob, M. Lamoureux, N. Ospina, L. Ludovici, M. Gonin, G. Pronost, Y. Maekawa, Y. Nishimura, S. Cao, M. Friend, T. Hasegawa, T. Ishida, T. Ishii, M. Jakkapu, T. Kobayashi, T. Matsubara, T. Nakadaira, K. Nakamura, Y. Oyama, K. Sakashita, T. Sekiguchi, T. Tsukamoto, T. Boschi, F. Di Lodovico, J. Migenda, S. Molina Sedgwick, M. Taani, S. Zsoldos, K.E. Abe, M. Hasegawa, Y. Isobe, Y. Kotsar, H. Miyabe, H. Ozaki, T. Shiozawa, T. Sugimoto, A.T. Suzuki, Y. Takeuchi, S. Yamamoto, A. Ali, Y. Ashida, C. Bronner, J. Feng, T. Hayashino, T. Hiraki, S. Hirota, K. Huang, M. Jiang, T. Kikawa, M. Mori, A. Murakami, KE. Nakamura, T. Nakaya, N.D. Patel, K. Suzuki, S. Takahashi, K. Tateishi, R.A. Wendell, K. Yasutome, P. Fernandez, N. McCauley, P. Mehta, A. Pritchard, K.M. Tsui, Y. Fukuda, Y. Itow, H. Menjo, G. Mitsuka, M. Murase, F. Muto, T. Niwa, T. Suzuki, M. Tsukada, K. Frankiewicz, P. Mijakowski, J. Hignight, J. Jiang, C.K. Jung, X. Li, J.L. Palomino, G. Santucci, C. Vilela, M.J. Wilking, C. Yanagisawa, D. Fukuda, K. Hagiwara, M. Harada, T. Horai, H. Ishino, S. Ito, T. Kayano, A. Kibayashi, H. Kitagawa, Y. Koshio, W. Ma, T. Mori, H. Nagata, N. Piplani, S. Sakai, M. Sakuda, Y. Takahira, C. Xu, R. Yamaguchi, Y. Kuno, G. Barr, D. Barrow, L. Cook, A. Goldsack, S. Samani, C. Simpson, D. Wark, F. Nova, R. Tacik, J.Y. Yang, A. Cole, S.J. Jenkins, M. Malek, J.M. McElwee, O. Stone, M.D. Thiesse, L.F. Thompson, H. Okazawa, Y. Choi, S.B. Kim, I. Yu, A.K. Ichikawa, K. Ito, K. Nishijima, R.G. Calland, P. de Perio, K. Martens, M. Murdoch, M.R. Vagins, M. Koshiba, Y. Totsuka, K. Iwamoto, Y. Nakajima, N. Ogawa, Y. Suda, M. Yokoyama, D. Hamabe, S. Izumiyama, M. Kuze, Y. Okajima, M. Tanaka, T. Yoshida, M. Inomoto, M. Ishitsuka, H. Ito, R. Matsumoto, K. Ohta, M. Shinoki, J.F. Martin, C.M. Nantais, H.A. Tanaka, T. Towstego, R. Akutsu, M. Hartz, A. Konaka, N.W. Prouse, S. Chen, B.D. Xu, Y. Zhang, S. Berkman, S. Tobayama, K. Connolly, R.J. Wilkes, M. Posiadala-Zezula, D. Hadley, B. Richards, B. Jamieson, J. Walker, Ll. Marti, A. Minamino, G. Pintaudi, S. Sano, R. Sasaki, Abe, K., Haga, Y., Hayato, Y., Hiraide, K., Ieki, K., Ikeda, M., Imaizumi, S., Iyogi, K., Kameda, J., Kanemura, Y., Kataoka, Y., Kato, Y., Kishimoto, Y., Miki, S., Mine, S., Miura, M., Mochizuki, T., Moriyama, S., Nagao, Y., Nakahata, M., Nakajima, T., Nakano, Y., Nakayama, S., Okada, T., Okamoto, K., Orii, A., Sato, K., Sekiya, H., Shiozawa, M., Sonoda, Y., Suzuki, Y., Takeda, A., Takemoto, Y., Takenaka, A., Tanaka, H., Tasaka, S., Tomura, T., Ueno, K., Watanabe, S., Yano, T., Yokozawa, T., Han, S., Irvine, T., Kajita, T., Kametani, I., Kaneyuki, K., Lee, K. P., Mclachlan, T., Okumura, K., Richard, E., Tashiro, T., Wang, R., Xia, J., Megias, G. D., Bravo-Bergu??o, D., Labarga, L., Zaldivar, B., Goldhaber, M., Blaszczyk, F. d. M., Gustafson, J., Kachulis, C., Kearns, E., Raaf, J. L., Stone, J. L., Sulak, L. R., Sussman, S., Wan, L., Wester, T., Pointon, B. W., Bian, J., Carminati, G., Elnimr, M., Griskevich, N. J., Kropp, W. R., Locke, S., Renshaw, A., Smy, M. B., Sobel, H. W., Takhistov, V., Weatherly, P., Ganezer, K. S., Hartfiel, B. L., Hill, J., Keig, W. E., Hong, N., Kim, J. Y., Lim, I. T., Park, R. G., Akiri, T., Bodur, B., Himmel, A., Li, Z., O'Sullivan, E., Scholberg, K., Walter, C. W., Wongjirad, T., Bernard, L., Coffani, A., Drapier, O., El Hedri, S., Giampaolo, A., Imber, J., Mueller, Th. A., Paganini, P., Quilain, B., Ishizuka, T., Nakamura, T., Jang, J. S., Choi, K., Learned, J. G., Matsuno, S., Smith, S. N., Amey, J., Anthony, L. H. V., Litchfield, R. P., Ma, W. Y., Marin, D., Sztuc, A. A., Uchida, Y., Wascko, M. O., Berardi, V., Catanesi, M. G., Intonti, R. A., Radicioni, E., Calabria, N. F., De Rosa, G., Nascimento Machado, L., Collazuol, G., Iacob, F., Lamoureux, M., Ospina, N., Ludovici, L., Gonin, M., Pronost, G., Maekawa, Y., Nishimura, Y., Cao, S., Friend, M., Hasegawa, T., Ishida, T., Ishii, T., Jakkapu, M., Kobayashi, T., Matsubara, T., Nakadaira, T., Nakamura, K., Oyama, Y., Sakashita, K., Sekiguchi, T., Tsukamoto, T., Boschi, T., Di Lodovico, F., Migenda, J., Molina Sedgwick, S., Taani, M., Zsoldos, S., Abe, K. E., Hasegawa, M., Isobe, Y., Kotsar, Y., Miyabe, H., Ozaki, H., Shiozawa, T., Sugimoto, T., Suzuki, A. T., Takeuchi, Y., Yamamoto, S., Ali, A., Ashida, Y., Bronner, C., Feng, J., Hayashino, T., Hiraki, T., Hirota, S., Huang, K., Jiang, M., Kikawa, T., Mori, M., Murakami, A., Nakamura, Ke., Nakaya, T., Patel, N. D., Suzuki, K., Takahashi, S., Tateishi, K., Wendell, R. A., Yasutome, K., Fernandez, P., Mccauley, N., Mehta, P., Pritchard, A., Tsui, K. M., Fukuda, Y., Itow, Y., Menjo, H., Mitsuka, G., Murase, M., Muto, F., Niwa, T., Suzuki, T., Tsukada, M., Frankiewicz, K., Mijakowski, P., Hignight, J., Jiang, J., Jung, C. K., Li, X., Palomino, J. L., Santucci, G., Vilela, C., Wilking, M. J., Yanagisawa, C., Fukuda, D., Hagiwara, K., Harada, M., Horai, T., Ishino, H., Ito, S., Kayano, T., Kibayashi, A., Kitagawa, H., Koshio, Y., Ma, W., Mori, T., Nagata, H., Piplani, N., Sakai, S., Sakuda, M., Takahira, Y., Xu, C., Yamaguchi, R., Kuno, Y., Barr, G., Barrow, D., Cook, L., Goldsack, A., Samani, S., Simpson, C., Wark, D., Nova, F., Tacik, R., Yang, J. Y., Cole, A., Jenkins, S. J., Malek, M., Mcelwee, J. M., Stone, O., Thiesse, M. D., Thompson, L. F., Okazawa, H., Choi, Y., Kim, S. B., Yu, I., Ichikawa, A. K., Ito, K., Nishijima, K., Calland, R. G., de Perio, P., Martens, K., Murdoch, M., Vagins, M. R., Koshiba, M., Totsuka, Y., Iwamoto, K., Nakajima, Y., Ogawa, N., Suda, Y., Yokoyama, M., Hamabe, D., Izumiyama, S., Kuze, M., Okajima, Y., Tanaka, M., Yoshida, T., Inomoto, M., Ishitsuka, M., Ito, H., Matsumoto, R., Ohta, K., Shinoki, M., Martin, J. F., Nantais, C. M., Tanaka, H. A., Towstego, T., Akutsu, R., Hartz, M., Konaka, A., Prouse, N. W., Chen, S., Xu, B. D., Zhang, Y., Berkman, S., Tobayama, S., Connolly, K., Wilkes, R. J., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Hadley, D., Richards, B., Jamieson, B., Walker, J., Marti, Ll., Minamino, A., Pintaudi, G., Sano, S., and Sasaki, R.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, hep-ex, Cherenkov detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, Acceleratorfysik och instrumentering, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Accelerator Physics and Instrumentation, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Subatomär fysik, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Particle identification methods, Neutrino detectors, Subatomic Physics, Cherenkov detectors Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics Neutrino detectors Particle identification methods, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), physics.ins-det, Mathematical Physics, Particle Physics - Experiment, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

We present the development of neutron-tagging techniques in Super-Kamiokande IV using a neural network analysis. The detection efficiency of neutron capture on hydrogen is estimated to be 26%, with a mis-tag rate of 0.016 per neutrino event. The uncertainty of the tagging efficiency is estimated to be 9.0%. Measurement of the tagging efficiency with data from an Americium-Beryllium calibration agrees with this value within 10%. The tagging procedure was performed on 3,244.4 days of SK-IV atmospheric neutrino data, identifying 18,091 neutrons in 26,473 neutrino events. The fitted neutron capture lifetime was measured as 218±9 μs. We present the development of neutron-tagging techniques in Super-Kamiokande IV using a neural network analysis. The detection efficiency of neutron capture on hydrogen is estimated to be 26%, with a mis-tag rate of 0.016 per neutrino event. The uncertainty of the tagging efficiency is estimated to be 9.0%. Measurement of the tagging efficiency with data from an Americium-Beryllium calibration agrees with this value within 10%. The tagging procedure was performed on 3,244.4 days of SK-IV atmospheric neutrino data, identifying 18,091 neutrons in 26,473 neutrino events. The fitted neutron capture lifetime was measured as 218 \pm 9 \mu s.

Published
2022

28. Development and verification of a long-distance survey ahead of the tunnel face using excavation blasting as seismic source

Author

M Yamagami, T Ichiki, S Ito, and K Murata

Subjects
General Medicine, General Chemistry
Abstract

In mountain tunnelling, it is important from the point of construction safety and effectiveness to obtain information about the ground ahead of excavation, such as the positions of fracture zones and possible water inflows which may pose problems during construction. Seismic reflection surveys are used to survey the ground ahead of the face. While the maximum surveyable distance of conventional methods is 100-150 m, the authors are working on extending this ability to provide a long-distance outlook for tunnelling work and have developed a method known as Blast Excavation Prospecting (T-BEP). As a result of comparing conventional method in a verification experiment, it is found that T-BEP can detect a fracture zone with a width of 35 m about 350 m ahead of the face with an error of about 40 m..

Published
2023
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29. Search for three body Pion Decays π+ → l+νX in the PIENU Experiment

Author

Shintaro Ito, A. Aguilar-Arevalo, M. Aoki, M. Blecher, D.I. Britton, D. Protopopescu, S. Ito, D.A. Bryman, D.vom Bruch, S. Cuen-Rochin, C. Malbrunot, T. Sullivan, S. Chen, J. Comfort, L. Doria, P. Gumplinger, L. Kurchaninov, R.E. Mischke, T. Numao, A. Sher, D. Vavilov, A. Hussein, Y. Igarashi, S. Kettell, and L. Littenberg

Subjects
Sterile Neutrinos and New Physics
Abstract

Parallel Contributed Talk at the "XIX International Workshop on Neutrino Telescopes" on line - 18-26 February, 2021

Published
2021
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31. Prognostic value of sarcopenia and malnutrition in patients admitted for acute decompensated heart failure with reduced or preserved left ventricular ejection fraction

Author

Yoshio Furukawa, M Kawasaki, S Ito, Shunsuke Tamaki, K Ueda, K Kayama, M Seo, T Yamada, A Kikuchi, T Kawai, M Kawahira, Masatake Fukunami, Takashi Morita, J Nakamura, and T Watanabe

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Ejection fraction, Acute decompensated heart failure, business.industry, medicine.disease, Malnutrition, Internal medicine, Sarcopenia, Cardiology, medicine, In patient, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Value (mathematics)
Abstract

Background Sarcopenia and malnutrition are associated with poor clinical outcome in patients with chronic heart failure. However, there is little information available on the prognostic significance of the combination of sarcopenia and malnutrition in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), relating to reduced or preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF or HFpEF). Methods We prospectively studied 543 consecutive ADHF patients who survived to discharge (HFrEF [LVEF Results During a follow-up period of 2.8±1.4 years, 161 patients had all-cause death. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that both FFMI and GNRI were independently associated with all-cause death in both HFrEF (p=0.0064 and p Conclusions Sarcopenia or malnutrition at discharge was associated with all-cause death even in ADHF patients, irrespective of reduced or preserved LVEF. The combination of sarcopenia and malnutrition could provide prognostic information in ADHF patients with reduced LVEF. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None. Figure 1

Published
2021
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32. Low plasma levels of B-type natriuretic peptide predict the insulin resistance and left ventricular concentric remodeling in subjects without heart diseases: the observational arita cohort study

Author

Ken Matsuoka, M Amaki, S Ito, C Okamoto, Seiji Takashima, Masafumi Kitakaze, Osamu Tsukamoto, T Hasegawa, Tatsuro Hitsumoto, Hideaki Kanzaki, and Chisato Izumi

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.drug_class, business.industry, Plasma levels, Concentric, medicine.disease, Insulin resistance, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Natriuretic peptide, medicine, Observational study, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Cohort study
Abstract

Introduction Although natriuretic peptides (NPs) are established as a biomarker of heart failure (HF), NPs have been attracting attention as a mediator in the metabolic sequences recently. On the other hand, metabolic disorders including insulin resistance have been suggested to be involved in left ventricular (LV) concentric remodeling, hinting us to the unexpected relationship among NPs, insulin resistance and LV concentric remodeling. Purpose To investigate whether the basal B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level is linked to insulin resistance or LV concentric remodeling in the participants independent of HF in the Japanese Arita-cho cohort study. Methods Among 1632 subjects who participated in annual health checks from 2005 to 2008 in Arita-cho, Saga, Japan as a cohort study, we studied 675 subjects without history of cardiovascular disease with LV ejection fraction≥50% and BNP level Results The tertile levels of BNP were inversely associated with HOMA-IR (the 1st tertile 1.33 (0.76–1.74), the 2nd tertile 1.05 (0.72–1.59), the 3rd tertile 0.95 (0.66–1.58), p=0.005); in the logistic regression analysis, the lower BNP level was related to the prevalence of insulin resistance defined as HOMA-IR≥1.37 after full multivariate adjustment (1 SD increment of BNP: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.740, 95% confidence interval 0.601–0.912, P=0.005. LV concentric remodeling (RWT >0.42 and LV mass index ≤115 g/m2 in men and ≤95 g/m2 in women) was observed in 170 (25%) subjects; both low BNP level and higher insulin resistance were independently linked with LV concentric remodeling after multivariate adjustment (1 SD increment of BNP: aOR 0.714, 95% CI 0.544–0.938, p=0.015, HOMA-IR≥1.37 vs. Conclusions In the cohort without HF, the low BNP level was linked to insulin resistance and LV concentric remodeling independently, suggesting that the subjects with low NPs levels may cause metabolic disorders and LV morphological abnormalities. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

Published
2021
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33. A129 CYP2C19 PHARMACOGENETIC TESTING IN PAEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH EOSINOPHILIC ESOPHAGITIS INFLUENCES DOSING OF PROTON-PUMP-INHIBITORS AND RESPONSE TO THERAPY

Author

K A Bortolin, I Cohn, S Da Silva, S Ito, P Marcon, N Afzal, S Scodellaro, R Verstegen, and J Hulst

Abstract

Background Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that can be treated with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). Pharmacogenetics (PGx) is the study of how variations in an individual’s genome influences drug response. Genetic variation in the metabolism gene CYP2C19 can produce differences in enzyme activity which is known to be a contributing factor for therapeutic failure with PPI treatment. Use of 2nd generation PPI (rabeprazole) can be beneficial in some as this PPI is less effected by CYP2C19 metabolism. PGx has been studied in PPI therapy for peptic ulcer disease but has not been demonstrated in patients with EoE. Aims To describe the CYP2C19 metabolism in patients with EoE on PPI and to estimate the clinical utility of PGx testing in directing subsequent changes in therapy with improvement in remission rates. Methods Interim analyses of a single centre, non-interventional, ongoing descriptive pilot study investigating CYP2C19 metabolism in patients with EoE, as part of a larger PGx pilot study and EoE- AHEAD Registry Study at SickKids. Patients with EoE that were newly diagnosed and started PPI or those not in remission on current non-PPI therapy or not in remission on dose PPI (2 mg/kg/day, max 30 mg lansoprazole BID) were included. Active disease was defined as a peak eosinophil count >15/hpf. Results 37 patients met the inclusion criteria with completed PGx test; mean age was 13 years, 29(78%) were male, and 13(35%) had concurrent atopic disease. PGx testing showed that 12(32%) and 4(11%) were rapid (RM) and ultrarapid metabolizers (URM) respectively (Fig.1), which is significantly higher than the population average. Of this subgroup, 9 started rabeprazole, 3 had a lansoprazole dose increase, and 4 had no changes. Overall, changes in therapy based on PGx testing were made in 29(78%) patients, 8 are awaiting follow-up (Fig 2). Currently, the patients with available repeat biopsy results after PGx test-guided therapy changes is limited due COVID-19 related delays in endoscopies. Conclusions The preliminary findings of our study using PGx to guide PPI dosing in pediatric patients with EoE demonstrate that PGx test results lead to a change in clinical management in most patients. In RM and URM, PGx results trigger an adjustment of PPI dose or type could lead to earlier disease remission in PPI-responsive patients, thereby optimizing PPI efficacy. PGx may support dose reduction in poor metabolizers aiming to avoid long-term adverse events. Further correlation with endoscopy and histology findings of patients after PGx-guided therapy changes will follow. Furthermore, it is important to examine if CYP2C19 variant information available before PPI therapy further streamlines an initial phase of the treatment. Funding Agencies Dr. Marcon: J Garfield Campbell Fund, Dr. Hulst: Start-up Funds from the Department of Pediatrics at SickKids

Published
2022
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37. Fundamental Physics with Cooled Radioactive Atoms

Author

Hirokazu Kawamura, Kenichi Harada, A. Uchiyama, Masatoshi Itoh, Junji Hisano, Yoshiro Takahashi, Takatoshi Aoki, Yasuhiro Sakemi, S. Ito, Atsushi Hatakeyama, and Takeshi Inoue

Subjects
Physics, Fundamental physics, Atomic physics
Published
2021
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38. U.S. Efforts in Support of Examinations at Fukushima Daiichi- November 2020 Meeting Notes with Updated Information Requests

Author

Shinya Mizokami, T. Okamoto, S. Kraft, F. Bolger, H. Tanoue, D. Luxat, R. Gauntt, W. Kikuchi, Richard M. Wachowiak, M. Corradini, A. Nakayoshi, P. Ellison, K. Robb, J. Gabor, W. Luangdilok, M. Plys, M. T. Farmer, L. Albright, M. Yasui, P. McMinn, M. Cibula, P. Whiteman, R. Linthicum, Chan Y. Paik, M. Kurata, S. Basu, K. Kirkland, S. Ito, N. Andrews, H. Hoshi, J. Rempe, K. Klass, M. Taira, T. Kobayashi, R. Kojo, R. Bunt, J. Nakano, K. Voelsing, K. Iwanaga, S. Koyama, P. Amway, M. Nudi, B. Williamson, R. Martin, and T. Washiya

Subjects
Fukushima daiichi, Political science, Library science
Published
2021
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39. Determination of the phase coherence length of PdCoO2 nanostructures by conductance fluctuation analysis

Author

Jochen Mannhart, S. Ito, Atsushi Tsukazaki, P. Bredol, Hisashi Inoue, and T. Harada

Subjects
Physics, Nanostructure, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed matter physics, Mean free path, Scattering, FOS: Physical sciences, Conductance, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Phase coherence, Phase (matter), Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), 0103 physical sciences, Thin film, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, Universal conductance fluctuations
Abstract

The two-dimensional layered compound PdCoO$_2$ is one of the best oxide conductors, providing an intriguing research arena opened by the long mean free path and the very high mobility of ~51000 cm2/Vs. These properties turn PdCoO$_2$ into a candidate material for nanoscale quantum devices. By exploring universal conductance fluctuations originating at nanoscale PdCoO$_2$ Hall-bar devices, we determined the phase coherence length of electron transport in c-axis oriented PdCoO$_2$ thin films to equal ~100 nm. The weak temperature dependence of the measured phase coherence length suggests that defect scattering at twin boundaries in the PdCoO$_2$ thin film governs phase breaking. These results suggest that phase coherent devices can be achieved by realizing the devices smaller than the size of twin domains, via refined microfabrication and suppression of twin boundaries., 6 pages, 5 figures

Published
2021
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40. Study of the normalized transverse momentum distribution of W bosons produced in pp¯ collisions at s=1.96 TeV

Author

Robert Hirosky, Joseph Haley, Wade Cameron Fisher, R. Van Kooten, V. A. Kuzmin, L. S. Vertogradov, M. D. Corcoran, A. Evdokimov, R. Demina, G. Gutierrez, Hongfang Liu, J. Orduna, L. Han, I. Ripp-Baudot, P. G. Mercadante, R. Bernhard, W. E. Cooper, F. Badaud, Arnaud Duperrin, A. D. Bross, P. Skubic, Petr Vokac, J. Franc, T. Nunnemann, B. Baldin, S. Desai, J. Snow, Y. Gershtein, U. Bassler, J. P. Negret, Lev Dudko, Lidija Zivkovic, E. W. Varnes, H. Hegab, V. Parihar, R. Luna-Garcia, Avto Kharchilava, T. Hoang, Alexander Khanov, Julie Managan Hogan, J. Sekaric, S. W. Youn, Ruchika Nayyar, J. K. Kraus, Y. T. Tsai, S. Atkins, Y. Ilchenko, G. Golovanov, D. Menezes, Michael Hildreth, N. Prokopenko, T. R. Wyatt, Per Jönsson, Jonathan Michael Hays, Suneel Dutt, H. T. Nguyen, Y. A. Yatsunenko, M. Merkin, Victor Daniel Elvira, A. Kumar, Maxim Perfilov, Brad Abbott, Pierre Petroff, H. G. Evans, S. Uzunyan, Aaron Dominguez, M. H.L.S. Wang, Jose Andres Garcia-Gonzalez, Sung Keun Park, I. Howley, Harald Fox, L. Suter, R. Magaña-Villalba, S. W. Cho, Gianluca Petrillo, Andrew Askew, Shabnam Jabeen, Jan Stark, S. Kermiche, V. Hynek, G. F. Chen, Y. N. Kharzheev, Jean-Arcady Meyer, L. Bagby, Y. Xie, A. Das, Amnon Harel, Gregorio Bernardi, D. Denisov, G. D. Alexeev, Flera Rizatdinova, H. Greenlee, I. A. Vasilyev, R. Illingworth, Martin Grunewald, K. M. Chan, P. Rubinov, Kristian Harder, L. Bellantoni, T. Head, K. Devaughan, Andreas Werner Jung, Todd Adams, Anthony Ross, Y. Fu, Milos Lokajicek, V. M. Abazov, V. Shary, Darren Price, H. L. Li, Thomas Ferbel, M. Prewitt, Lars Sonnenschein, S. Uvarov, S. J. De Jong, Gregory R. Snow, Liang Li, P. D. Grannis, P. N. Ratoff, Y. Peters, S. Greder, Cecilia Elena Gerber, D. Li, Raymond Brock, R. Beuselinck, D. Karmanov, Maksym Titov, M. Begalli, S. Caughron, Arnulf Quadt, P. C. Bhat, Alexander Grohsjean, Hua-Lei Yin, Darien Wood, D. V. Bandurin, D. Cutts, W. M. Lee, Elemer Nagy, J. F. Bartlett, J. K. Lim, Lev Uvarov, Mark Richard James Williams, Robert Kehoe, G. Ginther, C. P. Buszello, Marco Verzocchi, W. Ye, P. H. Garbincius, S. Choi, Sudhir Malik, A. L. Lyon, Ia Iashvili, A. V. Kozelov, Jianming Qian, Vladimir Gavrilov, Iain Alexander Bertram, Graham Savage, A. Melnitchouk, J. P. Agnew, S. Blessing, A. Brandt, I. Heredia-De La Cruz, Alice Bean, Ph. Lebrun, P. F. Ding, Elizaveta Shabalina, A. P. Heinson, A. K.A. Maciel, Frederic Deliot, Christopher George Tully, Robert J. McCarthy, A. Sanchez-Hernandez, Manjit Kaur, L. Welty-Rieger, Gordon Watts, N. Osman, Jakub Cúth, A. Patwa, Mikkel B. Johnson, V. V. Tokmenin, Fine Fiedler, Neeti Parashar, H. A. Neal, Volker Buescher, Vipin Bhatnagar, M. A. Pleier, J. Clutter, Q. Z. Li, J. M. Hauptman, A. A. Shchukin, Jean-Francois Grivaz, X. B. Bu, E. Kajfasz, D. R. Claes, Gavin Davies, K. Yip, I. Kiselevich, Mykola Savitskyi, A. Jonckheere, I. Razumov, M. Zielinski, Jason Dhia Mansour, A. B. Meyer, G. J. Grenier, Lei Feng, V. N. Evdokimov, M. Rominsky, A. Juste, A. Lobodenko, G. Alkhazov, Phillip Gutierrez, K. Soustruznik, Patrick Slattery, J. Weichert, Kenneth Bloom, J. T. Linnemann, B. C. Choudhary, M. Hohlfeld, Yuji Enari, N. K. Mondal, D. Boline, H. T. Diehl, Shangfeng Yang, M. Brochmann, Tianchi Zhao, Cecile Deterre, P. Neustroev, V. L. Malyshev, V. Simak, S. Bhatia, Sabine Lammers, J. L. Holzbauer, S. W. Lee, Meenakshi Narain, Y. Scheglov, John Hobbs, S. Chakrabarti, A. Boehnlein, Daria Zieminska, C. H. Wang, Xiaowen Lei, Don Lincoln, W. Geng, Jiaming Yu, Christian Schwanenberger, Thibault Guillemin, Mitchell Wayne, H. Schellman, J. M. Kohli, Christophe Royon, H. E. Fisk, G. Sajot, M. S. Jeong, Stefan Grünendahl, J. Ellison, S. Cihangir, Emilien Chapon, Y. Aushev, Fabrice Couderc, Kamil Augsten, M. R. Adams, S. Fuess, N. Khalatyan, T. Kurca, R. Madar, F. Miconi, A. V. Popov, A. Jayasinghe, Philip Baringer, Sergey Burdin, Matthias Schott, K. Herner, G. W. Wilson, A. Y. Verkheev, E. E. Boos, Oleg Brandt, Dmitri Tsybychev, R. Lopes De Sá, J. Martínez-Ortega, R. Partridge, M. Buehler, B. Tuchming, B. Hoeneisen, Ulrich Heintz, S. Banerjee, S. P. Denisov, H. D. Wahl, D. N. Brown, Guennadi Borissov, J. Warchol, Michael Mulhearn, Aran Garcia-Bellido, Gavin Grant Hesketh, Horst Severini, Heriberto Castilla-Valdez, H. S. Lee, Lee Sawyer, P. Svoisky, D. Hedin, M. Cooke, Frank Filthaut, M. Diesburg, Carlos Avila, J. Joshi, M. P. Sanders, Erik A. Johnson, Anand Kumar Dubey, Richard B. Lipton, K. A. Johns, A. Drutskoy, G. C. Blazey, D. A. Stoyanova, P. Jiang, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, Konstantinos Petridis, Y. L. Liu, R. Yamada, Tim Scanlon, S. Söldner-Rembold, A. Fauré, Nikos Varelas, M. M. Meijer, A. K. Alton, T. Yasuda, C. L. McGivern, Bing Zhou, R. Jesik, Zdenek Hubacek, B. Quinn, A. Pal, M. Strauss, V. Bunichev, Thomas Hebbeker, Carsten Hensel, Scott Snyder, O. Shkola, M. Eads, M. Jaffré, Markus Wobisch, Nazar Stefaniuk, B. S. Acharya, J. Zennamo, Suman Bala Beri, B. Penning, Alexander Kupco, A. S. Ito, I. Katsanos, B. C. K. Casey, N. Parua, D. Vilanova, Randy Ruchti, V. V. Lipaev, J. Lellouch, D. Edmunds, Angelo De Souza Santos, Zhenyu Ye, E. Camacho-Pérez, Reinhard Schwienhorst, M. C. Cousinou, W. M. Van Leeuwen, V. Aushev, V. E. Bazterra, Marc Besancon, Emanuela Barberis, M. Borysova, O. Gogota, R. D. Schamberger, Ji Zhu, Savanna Marie Shaw, M. Vesterinen, V. M. Podstavkov, M. Fortner, A. Chandra, and Ph Gris

Subjects
Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Luminosity (scattering theory), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Electroweak interaction, Detector calibration, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Distribution (mathematics), 0103 physical sciences, Transverse momentum, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Boson, Bar (unit)
Abstract

We present a study of the normalized transverse momentum distribution of W bosons produced in p (p) over bar collisions, using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.35 fb(-1) collecte ...

Published
2021
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41. Odderon Exchange from Elastic Scattering Differences between pp and pp[over ¯] Data at 1.96 TeV and from pp Forward Scattering Measurements

Author

V M, Abazov, B, Abbott, B S, Acharya, M, Adams, T, Adams, J P, Agnew, G D, Alexeev, G, Alkhazov, A, Alton, G A, Alves, G, Antchev, A, Askew, P, Aspell, A C S, Assis Jesus, I, Atanassov, S, Atkins, K, Augsten, V, Aushev, Y, Aushev, V, Avati, C, Avila, F, Badaud, J, Baechler, L, Bagby, C, Baldenegro Barrera, B, Baldin, D V, Bandurin, S, Banerjee, E, Barberis, P, Baringer, J, Barreto, J F, Bartlett, U, Bassler, V, Bazterra, A, Bean, M, Begalli, L, Bellantoni, V, Berardi, S B, Beri, G, Bernardi, R, Bernhard, M, Berretti, I, Bertram, M, Besançon, R, Beuselinck, P C, Bhat, S, Bhatia, V, Bhatnagar, G, Blazey, S, Blessing, K, Bloom, A, Boehnlein, D, Boline, E E, Boos, V, Borchsh, G, Borissov, M, Borysova, E, Bossini, U, Bottigli, M, Bozzo, A, Brandt, O, Brandt, M, Brochmann, R, Brock, A, Bross, D, Brown, X B, Bu, M, Buehler, V, Buescher, V, Bunichev, S, Burdin, H, Burkhardt, C P, Buszello, F S, Cafagna, E, Camacho-Pérez, W, Carvalho, B C K, Casey, H, Castilla-Valdez, M G, Catanesi, S, Caughron, S, Chakrabarti, K M, Chan, A, Chandra, E, Chapon, G, Chen, S W, Cho, S, Choi, B, Choudhary, S, Cihangir, D, Claes, J, Clutter, M, Cooke, W E, Cooper, M, Corcoran, F, Couderc, M-C, Cousinou, M, Csanád, T, Csörgő, J, Cuth, D, Cutts, H, da Motta, A, Das, G, Davies, M, Deile, S J, de Jong, E, De La Cruz-Burelo, F, De Leonardis, F, Déliot, R, Demina, D, Denisov, S P, Denisov, C, De Oliveira Martins, S, Desai, C, Deterre, K, DeVaughan, H T, Diehl, M, Diesburg, P F, Ding, A, Dominguez, M, Doubek, A, Drutskoy, D, Druzhkin, A, Dubey, L V, Dudko, A, Duperrin, S, Dutt, M, Eads, D, Edmunds, K, Eggert, J, Ellison, V D, Elvira, Y, Enari, V, Eremin, H, Evans, A, Evdokimov, V N, Evdokimov, A, Fauré, L, Feng, T, Ferbel, F, Ferro, F, Fiedler, A, Fiergolski, F, Filthaut, W, Fisher, H E, Fisk, L, Forthomme, M, Fortner, H, Fox, J, Franc, S, Fuess, P H, Garbincius, F, Garcia, A, Garcia-Bellido, J A, García-González, V, Gavrilov, W, Geng, V, Georgiev, C E, Gerber, Y, Gershtein, S, Giani, G, Ginther, O, Gogota, G, Golovanov, P D, Grannis, S, Greder, H, Greenlee, G, Grenier, Ph, Gris, J-F, Grivaz, A, Grohsjean, S, Grünendahl, M W, Grünewald, L, Grzanka, T, Guillemin, G, Gutierrez, P, Gutierrez, J, Haley, J, Hammerbauer, L, Han, K, Harder, A, Harel, J M, Hauptman, J, Hays, T, Head, T, Hebbeker, D, Hedin, H, Hegab, A P, Heinson, U, Heintz, C, Hensel, I, Heredia-De La Cruz, K, Herner, G, Hesketh, M D, Hildreth, R, Hirosky, T, Hoang, J D, Hobbs, B, Hoeneisen, J, Hogan, M, Hohlfeld, J L, Holzbauer, I, Howley, Z, Hubacek, V, Hynek, I, Iashvili, Y, Ilchenko, R, Illingworth, T, Isidori, A S, Ito, V, Ivanchenko, S, Jabeen, M, Jaffré, M, Janda, A, Jayasinghe, M S, Jeong, R, Jesik, P, Jiang, K, Johns, E, Johnson, M, Johnson, A, Jonckheere, P, Jonsson, J, Joshi, A W, Jung, A, Juste, E, Kajfasz, A, Karev, D, Karmanov, J, Kašpar, I, Katsanos, M, Kaur, B, Kaynak, R, Kehoe, S, Kermiche, N, Khalatyan, A, Khanov, A, Kharchilava, Y N, Kharzheev, I, Kiselevich, J M, Kohli, J, Kopal, A V, Kozelov, J, Kraus, A, Kumar, V, Kundrát, A, Kupco, T, Kurča, V A, Kuzmin, S, Lami, S, Lammers, G, Latino, P, Lebrun, H S, Lee, S W, Lee, W M, Lee, X, Le, J, Lellouch, D, Li, H, Li, L, Li, Q Z, Li, J K, Lim, D, Lincoln, C, Lindsey, R, Linhart, J, Linnemann, V V, Lipaev, R, Lipton, H, Liu, Y, Liu, A, Lobodenko, M, Lokajicek, M V, Lokajíček, R, Lopes de Sa, L, Losurdo, F, Lucas Rodríguez, R, Luna-Garcia, A L, Lyon, A K A, Maciel, M, Macrí, R, Madar, R, Magaña-Villalba, M, Malawski, H B, Malbouisson, S, Malik, V L, Malyshev, J, Mansour, J, Martínez-Ortega, R, McCarthy, C L, McGivern, M M, Meijer, A, Melnitchouk, D, Menezes, P G, Mercadante, M, Merkin, A, Meyer, J, Meyer, F, Miconi, N, Minafra, S, Minutoli, J, Molina, N K, Mondal, M, Mulhearn, L, Mundim, T, Naaranoja, E, Nagy, M, Narain, R, Nayyar, H A, Neal, J P, Negret, F, Nemes, P, Neustroev, H T, Nguyen, H, Niewiadomski, T, Novák, T, Nunnemann, V, Oguri, E, Oliveri, F, Oljemark, J, Orduna, M, Oriunno, N, Osman, K, Österberg, A, Pal, P, Palazzi, N, Parashar, V, Parihar, S K, Park, R, Partridge, N, Parua, R, Pasechnik, V, Passaro, A, Patwa, B, Penning, M, Perfilov, Z, Peroutka, Y, Peters, K, Petridis, G, Petrillo, P, Pétroff, M-A, Pleier, V M, Podstavkov, A V, Popov, W L, Prado da Silva, M, Prewitt, D, Price, J, Procházka, N, Prokopenko, J, Qian, A, Quadt, B, Quinn, M, Quinto, T G, Raben, E, Radermacher, E, Radicioni, M, Rangel, P N, Ratoff, F, Ravotti, I, Razumov, I, Ripp-Baudot, F, Rizatdinova, E, Robutti, R F, Rodrigues, M, Rominsky, A, Ross, C, Royon, P, Rubinov, R, Ruchti, G, Ruggiero, H, Saarikko, G, Sajot, V D, Samoylenko, A, Sánchez-Hernández, M P, Sanders, A, Santoro, A S, Santos, G, Savage, M, Savitskyi, L, Sawyer, T, Scanlon, R D, Schamberger, Y, Scheglov, H, Schellman, M, Schott, C, Schwanenberger, R, Schwienhorst, A, Scribano, J, Sekaric, H, Severini, E, Shabalina, V, Shary, S, Shaw, A A, Shchukin, O, Shkola, V, Simak, J, Siroky, P, Skubic, P, Slattery, J, Smajek, W, Snoeys, G R, Snow, J, Snow, S, Snyder, S, Söldner-Rembold, L, Sonnenschein, K, Soustruznik, J, Stark, N, Stefaniuk, R, Stefanovitch, A, Ster, D A, Stoyanova, M, Strauss, L, Suter, P, Svoisky, I, Szanyi, J, Sziklai, C, Taylor, E, Tcherniaev, M, Titov, V V, Tokmenin, Y-T, Tsai, D, Tsybychev, B, Tuchming, C, Tully, N, Turini, O, Urban, L, Uvarov, S, Uvarov, S, Uzunyan, V, Vacek, R, Van Kooten, W M, van Leeuwen, N, Varelas, E W, Varnes, I A, Vasilyev, O, Vavroch, A Y, Verkheev, L S, Vertogradov, M, Verzocchi, M, Vesterinen, D, Vilanova, P, Vokac, H D, Wahl, C, Wang, M H L S, Wang, J, Warchol, G, Watts, M, Wayne, J, Weichert, J, Welti, L, Welty-Rieger, J, Williams, M R J, Williams, G W, Wilson, M, Wobisch, D R, Wood, T R, Wyatt, Y, Xie, R, Yamada, S, Yang, T, Yasuda, Y A, Yatsunenko, W, Ye, Z, Ye, H, Yin, K, Yip, S W, Youn, J M, Yu, J, Zennamo, T G, Zhao, B, Zhou, J, Zhu, J, Zich, K, Zielinski, M, Zielinski, D, Zieminska, and L, Zivkovic

Abstract

We describe an analysis comparing the pp[over ¯] elastic cross section as measured by the D0 Collaboration at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV to that in pp collisions as measured by the TOTEM Collaboration at 2.76, 7, 8, and 13 TeV using a model-independent approach. The TOTEM cross sections, extrapolated to a center-of-mass energy of sqrt[s]=1.96 TeV, are compared with the D0 measurement in the region of the diffractive minimum and the second maximum of the pp cross section. The two data sets disagree at the 3.4σ level and thus provide evidence for the t-channel exchange of a colorless, C-odd gluonic compound, also known as the odderon. We combine these results with a TOTEM analysis of the same C-odd exchange based on the total cross section and the ratio of the real to imaginary parts of the forward elastic strong interaction scattering amplitude in pp scattering for which the significance is between 3.4σ and 4.6σ. The combined significance is larger than 5σ and is interpreted as the first observation of the exchange of a colorless, C-odd gluonic compound.

Published
2021

42. Search for heavy neutrinos in \(\pi ^{ + } \to \mu ^{ + }\nu \) decay and status of lepton universality test in the PIENU experiment

Author

T. Numao, Douglas Bryman, Chloé Malbrunot, P. Gumplinger, S. Cuen-Rochin, Dave Britton, Ahmed Hussein, A. Sher, D. Protopopescu, J. R. Comfort, L. S. Littenberg, T. Sullivan, Y. Igarashi, R. E. Mischke, Leonid Kurchaninov, Song Chen, S. Ito, S. H. Kettell, D. Vom Bruch, M. Blecher, Alexis A. Aguilar-Arevalo, Luca Doria, D. Vavilov, Masaharu Aoki, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Muon, +muon%2B+neutrino%22">pi+ --> muon+ neutrino, pi: decay, neutrino: heavy: search for, Universality (philosophy), Pontecorvo–Maki–Nakagawa–Sakata matrix, kinetic, energy spectrum, Kinetic energy, Pion, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, neutrino: mixing, Order of magnitude, Particle Physics - Experiment, Lepton, experimental results, lepton: universality
Abstract

International audience; In the present work of the PIENU experiment, heavy neutrinos were sought in pion decays \(\pi ^{ + } \to \mu ^{ + }\nu \). No evidence for extra peak was found in the muon kinetic energy spectrum and 90% confidence level upper limits were set on the neutrino mixing matrix \(|U_{\mu i}|^{2}\) in the mass range of 15.7 to 33.8 MeV/c^2, improving an order of magnitude over previous experiments. Current status of lepton universality test is also reported.

Published
2021
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43. Classification of HFrEF based on echocardiography using machine learning to predict future HFrecEF events

Author

S. Ito, Hiroyuki Yoshitomi, Kazuaki Tanabe, Takahiro Sakamoto, and Akihiro Endo

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Ejection fraction, business.industry, Heart failure, Internal medicine, medicine, Cardiology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, medicine.disease, business
Abstract

Background In recent years, there have been sporadic reports of heart failure with recovered ejection fraction (HFrecEF), wherein the left ventricular EF (LVEF) has been improved by considering temporal changes in the LVEF. Although patients with HFrecEF are known to have a better prognosis than other groups, the type of heart failure associated with reduced EF (HFrEF) that subsequently transitions to HFrecEF is yet to be determined. Purpose In this study, we examined whether it is possible to predict future HFrecEF events by stratifying the HFrEF using machine learning based on previously recorded echocardiographic indices. Methods For 162 patients, with HFrEF and a history of hospitalization owing to heart failure, who underwent echocardiography in a stable hemodynamic state, stratification was performed via machine learning. Regarding temporal changes in the LVEF, 73 patients who underwent another echocardiography under stable conditions were investigated (52 with continued HFrEF and 21 with HFrecEF, with a median follow up of 397 days). HFrEF was defined as a condition for patients with an LVEF of less than 50%, and HFrecEF was defined as a condition for patients who initially had an LVEF of less than 50% but later improved. Patients with severe valvular disease, acute myocardial infarction, acute myocarditis, acute pulmonary embolism, post-cardiac surgery, and pericardial disease were excluded from this group. The random forest method was used as a classification method for machine learning. Results When 162 patients with HFrEF were stratified using machine learning, 63 were classified into Cluster 1 and 99 into Cluster 2. Cluster 1 patients showed a significantly higher tendency to transition to HFrecEF than Cluster 2 patients (p=0.001). The Gini coefficient was calculated to identify echocardiographic indices that are important for the purpose of stratification. As a result, LVEF, left ventricular endo-diastolic volume (LVEDV), the thickness of interventricular septum (IVSth), E/A ratio, and the maximum diameter of the inferior vena cava were found to be particularly important. Compared to Cluster 2 patients, Cluster 1 patients exhibited a significantly higher LVEF (41.5±5.9% vs 27.0±7.6%, p Conclusion Stratifying HFrEF via machine learning based on echocardiographic indices can help predict temporal changes in the LVEF and deduce the echocardiographic indices useful for improving LVEF. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Published
2020
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44. Development of a Method for Determining the Search Window for Solar Flare Neutrinos

Author

Satoshi Masuda, Yoshitaka Itow, K. Okamoto, Toshio Terasawa, M. Miyake, Yuuki Nakano, Masayuki Nakahata, and S. Ito

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Neutron, Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Line (formation), High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Solar flare, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Light curve, Particle acceleration, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Neutrino detector, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, Neutrino, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Neutrinos generated during solar flares remain elusive. However, after $50$ years of discussion and search, the potential knowledge unleashed by their discovery keeps the search crucial. Neutrinos associated with solar flares provide information on otherwise poorly known particle acceleration mechanisms during solar flare. For neutrino detectors, the separation between atmospheric neutrinos and solar flare neutrinos is technically encumbered by an energy band overlap. To improve differentiation from background neutrinos, we developed a method to determine the temporal search window for neutrino production during solar flares. Our method is based on data recorded by solar satellites, such as Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES), Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI), and GEOTAIL. In this study, we selected 23 solar flares above the X5.0 class that occurred between 1996 and 2018. We analyzed the light curves of soft X-rays, hard X-rays, $\gamma$-rays, line $\gamma$-rays from neutron capture as well as the derivative of soft X-rays. The average search windows are determined as follows: $4,178$ s for soft X-ray, $700$ s for derivative of soft X-ray, $944$ s for hard X-ray ($100$-$800$ keV), $1,586$ s for line $\gamma$-ray from neutron captures, and $776$ s for hard X-ray (above $50$ keV). This method allows neutrino detectors to improve their sensitivity to solar flare neutrinos., Comment: 29 pages. Accepted for Solar Physics

Published
2020
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45. Microcatheter Originating Debris during Neuroendovascular Procedures: Mechanism of Dislodgement and Its Prevention

Author

Yuichi Murayama, Kostadin Karagiozov, S. Sato, S. Ito, and Issei Kan

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Catheters, Interventional, business.industry, Debris, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, Catheter, 0302 clinical medicine, Port (medical), Intracranial Embolism, Neuroendoscopy, Medicine, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

SUMMARY: Embolic material dislodgement from microcatheters can potentially induce subclinical brain damage as evidenced by a delayed enhanced or other type of lesions. Some of the most frequently used microcatheters were investigated in vitro in different setups and combinations with different port insertions and rotating hemostatic valves. It was found that side port application increases injury to the catheter surface and debris dislodgement by conflicting with internal ledges in rotating hemostatic valves. This initial observation suggests the need for measures to remove the produced debris during such procedures.

Published
2020

46. The Hyper-Kamiokande Experiment -- Snowmass LOI

Author

Hyper-Kamiokande Collaboration, K. Abe, P. Adrich, H. Aihara, R. Akutsu, I. Alekseev, A. Ali, F. Ameli, L. H. V. Anthony, A. Araya, Y. Asaoka, V. Aushev, I. Bandac, M. Barbi, G. Barr, M. Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M. Bellato, V. Berardi, L. Bernard, E. Bernardini, L. Berns, S. Bhadra, J. Bian, A. Blanchet, A. Blondel, A. Boiano, S. Bolognesi, L. Bonavera, S. Borjabad, T. Boschi, D. Bose, S . B. Boyd, C. Bozza, A. Bravar, C. Bronner, A. Bubak, A. Buchowicz, M. Buizza Avanzini, F. S. Cafagna, N. F. Calabria, J. M. Calvo-Mozota, S. Cao, M. G. Catanesi, S. Chakraborty, J. H. Choi, S. Choubey, M. Cicerchia, J. Coleman, G. Collazuol, S. Cuen-Rochin, M. Danilov, E. De la Fuente, P. de Perio, G. De Rosa, T. Dealtry, C. J. Densham, A. Dergacheva, N. Deshmukh, M. M. Devi, F. Di Lodovico, P. Di Meo, I. Di Palma, T. A. Doyle, E. Drakopoulou, O. Drapier, J. Dumarchez, L. Eklund, S. El Hedri, J. Ellis, S. Emery, A. Esmaili, S. Fedotov, J. Feng, E. Fernández-Martinez, P. Ferrario, B. Ferrazzi, A. Finch, C. Finley, G. Fiorillo, M. Fitton, M. Friend, Y. Fujii, Y. Fukuda, G. Galinski, J. Gao, C. Garde, A. Garfagnini, S. Garode, L. Gialanella, C. Giganti, J. J. Gomez-Cadenas, M. Gonin, J. González-Nuevo, A. Gorin, R. Gornea, F. Gramegna, M. Grassi, G. Grella, M. Guigue, D. R. Hadley, M. Harada, M. Hartz, S. Hassani, N. C. Hastings, Y. Hayato, K. Hiraide, K. Hoshina, K. Hultqvist, F. Iacob, A. K. Ichikawa, W. Idrissi Ibnsalih, M. Ikeda, M. Inomoto, A. Ioannisian, T. Ishida, K. Ishidoshiro, H. Ishino, M. Ishitsuka, H. Ito, S. Ito, Y. Itow, K. Iwamoto, N. Izumi, S. Izumiyama, M. Jakkapu, B. Jamieson, J. S. Jang, H. S. Jo, P. Jonsson, K. K. Joo, T. Kajita, H. Kakuno, J. Kameda, Y. Kano, D. Karlen, Y. Kataoka, A. Kato, T. Katori, N. Kazarian, M. Khabibullin, A. Khotjantsev, T. Kikawa, J. Y. Kim, S. B. Kim, S. King, T. Kinoshita, J. Kisiel, A. Klekotko, T. Kobayashi, L. Koerich, N. Kolev, A. Konaka, L. L. Kormos, Y. Koshio, Y. Kotsar, K. A. Kouzakov, K. L. Kowalik, L. Kravchuk, A. P. Kryukov, Y. Kudenko, T. Kumita, R. Kurjata, T. Kutter, M. Kuze, K. Kwak, M. La Commara, L. Labarga, J. Lagoda, M. Lamoureux, M. Laveder, L. Lavitola, J. Lee, R. Leitner, V. Lezaun, I. T. Lim, T. Lindner, R. P. Litchfield, K. R. Long, A. Longhin, P. Loverre, X. Lu, L. Ludovici, Y. Maekawa, L. Magaletti, K. Magar, Y. Makida, M. Malek, M. Malinský, T. Marchi, C. Mariani, A. Marinelli, K. Martens, Ll. Marti, J. F. Martin, D. Martin, J. Marzec, T. Matsubara, R. Matsumoto, N. McCauley, A. Medhi, P. Mehta, L. Mellet, H. Menjo, M. Mezzetto, J. Migenda, P. Migliozzi, S. Miki, A. Minamino, S. Mine, O. Mineev, A. Mitra, M. Miura, R. Moharana, C. M. Mollo, T. Mondal, M. Mongelli, F. Monrabal, D. H. Moon, C. S. Moon, S. Moriyama, T. Mueller, Y. Nagao, T. Nakadaira, K. Nakagiri, M. Nakahata, S. Nakai, Y. Nakajima, K. Nakamura, KI. Nakamura, H. Nakamura, Y. Nakano, T. Nakaya, S. Nakayama, K. Nakayoshi, L. Nascimento Machado, C. E. R. Naseby, B. Navarro-Garcia, M. Needham, K. Niewczas, Y. Nishimura, F. Nova, J. C. Nugent, H. Nunokawa, W. Obrebski, J. P. Ochoa-Ricoux, E. O'Connor, N. Ogawa, T. Ogitsu, K. Okamoto, H. M. O'Keeffe, K. Okumura, Y. Onishchuk, F. Orozco-Luna, A. Oshlianskyi, N. Ospina, M. Ostrowski, E. O'Sullivan, Y. Oyama, H. Ozaki, M. Y. Pac, P. Paganini, V. Palladino, M. Pari, J. Pasternak, C. Pastore, G. Pastuszak, D. A. Patel, M. Pavin, D. Payne, C. Peña-Garay, C. Pidcott, S. Playfer, B. W. Pointon, A. Popov, B. Popov, K. Porwit, M. Posiadala-Zezula, G. Pronost, N. W. Prouse, B. Quilain, A. A. Quiroga, E. Radicioni, B. Radics, P. J. Rajda, M. Rescigno, G. Ricciardi, B. Richards, E. Rondio, B. Roskovec, S. Roth, C. Rott, A. Rubbia, A. C. Ruggeri, S. Russo, A. Rychter, D. Ryu, K. Sakashita, S. Samani, F. Sánchez, M. L. Sánchez, S. Sano, J. D. Santos, G. Santucci, P. Sarmah, K. Sato, M. Scott, Y. Seiya, T. Sekiguchi, H. Sekiya, J. W. Seo, D. Sgalaberna, A. Shaykina, I. Shimizu, C. D. Shin, M. Shinoki, M. Shiozawa, N. Skrobova, K. Skwarczynski, M. B. Smy, J. Sobczyk, H. W. Sobel, F. J. P. Soler, Y. Sonoda, R. Spina, B. Spisso, P. Spradlin, K. L. Stankevich, L. Stawarz, S. M. Stellacci, A. I. Studenikin, S. L. Suárez Gómez, T. Suganuma, S. Suvorov, Y. Suwa, A. T. Suzuki, S. Suzuki, Y. Suzuki, D. Svirida, M. Taani, M. Tada, A. Takeda, Y. Takemoto, A. Takenaka, A. Taketa, Y. Takeuchi, H. Tanaka, H. I. Tanaka, M. Tanaka, T. Tashiro, M. Thiesse, L. F. Thompson, A. K. Tomatani-Sánchez, G. Tortone, K. M. Tsui, T. Tsukamoto, M. Tzanov, Y. Uchida, M. R. Vagins, S. Valder, V. Valentino, G. Vasseur, A. Vijayvargi, W. G. S. Vinning, D. Vivolo, R. B. Vogelaar, M. M. Vyalkov, T. Wachala, J. Walker, D. Wark, M. O. Wascko, R. A. Wendell, J. R. Wilson, S. Wronka, J. Xia, Y. Yamaguchi, K. Yamamoto, T. Yano, N. Yershov, M. Yokoyama, J. Yoo, I. Yu, T. Zakrzewski, B. Zaldivar, J. Zalipska, K. Zaremba, G. Zarnecki, M. Ziembicki, K. Zietara, M. Zito, S. Zsoldos, Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Hyper-Kamiokande, HEP, INSPIRE, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Collaboration, Hyper-Kamiokande, Abe, K., Adrich, P., Aihara, H., Akutsu, R., Alekseev, I., Ali, A., Ameli, F., Anthony, L. H. V., Araya, A., Asaoka, Y., Aushev, V., Bandac, I., Barbi, M., Barr, G., Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M., Bellato, M., Berardi, V., Bernard, L., Bernardini, E., Berns, L., Bhadra, S., Bian, J., Blanchet, A., Blondel, A., Boiano, A., Bolognesi, S., Bonavera, L., Borjabad, S., Boschi, T., Bose, D., Boyd, S . B., Bozza, C., Bravar, A., Bronner, C., Bubak, A., Buchowicz, A., Buizza Avanzini, M., Cafagna, F. S., Calabria, N. F., Calvo-Mozota, J. M., Cao, S., Catanesi, M. G., Chakraborty, S., Choi, J. H., Choubey, S., Cicerchia, M., Coleman, J., Collazuol, G., Cuen-Rochin, S., Danilov, M., De la Fuente, E., de Perio, P., De Rosa, G., Dealtry, T., Densham, C. J., Dergacheva, A., Deshmukh, N., Devi, M. M., Di Lodovico, F., Di Meo, P., Di Palma, I., Doyle, T. A., Drakopoulou, E., Drapier, O., Dumarchez, J., Eklund, L., El Hedri, S., Ellis, J., Emery, S., Esmaili, A., Fedotov, S., Feng, J., Fernández-Martinez, E., Ferrario, P., Ferrazzi, B., Finch, A., Finley, C., Fiorillo, G., Fitton, M., Friend, M., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, Y., Galinski, G., Gao, J., Garde, C., Garfagnini, A., Garode, S., Gialanella, L., Giganti, C., Gomez-Cadenas, J. J., Gonin, M., González-Nuevo, J., Gorin, A., Gornea, R., Gramegna, F., Grassi, M., Grella, G., Guigue, M., Hadley, D. R., Harada, M., Hartz, M., Hassani, S., Hastings, N. C., Hayato, Y., Hiraide, K., Hoshina, K., Hultqvist, K., Iacob, F., Ichikawa, A. K., Idrissi Ibnsalih, W., Ikeda, M., Inomoto, M., Ioannisian, A., Ishida, T., Ishidoshiro, K., Ishino, H., Ishitsuka, M., Ito, H., Ito, S., Itow, Y., Iwamoto, K., Izumi, N., Izumiyama, S., Jakkapu, M., Jamieson, B., Jang, J. S., Jo, H. S., Jonsson, P., Joo, K. K., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kano, Y., Karlen, D., Kataoka, Y., Kato, A., Katori, T., Kazarian, N., Khabibullin, M., Khotjantsev, A., Kikawa, T., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., King, S., Kinoshita, T., Kisiel, J., Klekotko, A., Kobayashi, T., Koerich, L., Kolev, N., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Koshio, Y., Kotsar, Y., Kouzakov, K. A., Kowalik, K. L., Kravchuk, L., Kryukov, A. P., Kudenko, Y., Kumita, T., Kurjata, R., Kutter, T., Kuze, M., Kwak, K., La Commara, M., Labarga, L., Lagoda, J., Lamoureux, M., Laveder, M., Lavitola, L., Lee, J., Leitner, R., Lezaun, V., Lim, I. T., Lindner, T., Litchfield, R. P., Long, K. R., Longhin, A., Loverre, P., Lu, X., Ludovici, L., Maekawa, Y., Magaletti, L., Magar, K., Makida, Y., Malek, M., Malinský, M., Marchi, T., Mariani, C., Marinelli, A., Martens, K., Marti, Ll., Martin, J. F., Martin, D., Marzec, J., Matsubara, T., Matsumoto, R., Mccauley, N., Medhi, A., Mehta, P., Mellet, L., Menjo, H., Mezzetto, M., Migenda, J., Migliozzi, P., Miki, S., Minamino, A., Mine, S., Mineev, O., Mitra, A., Miura, M., Moharana, R., Mollo, C. M., Mondal, T., Mongelli, M., Monrabal, F., Moon, D. H., Moon, C. S., Moriyama, S., Mueller, T., Nagao, Y., Nakadaira, T., Nakagiri, K., Nakahata, M., Nakai, S., Nakajima, Y., Nakamura, K., Nakamura, Ki., Nakamura, H., Nakano, Y., Nakaya, T., Nakayama, S., Nakayoshi, K., Nascimento Machado, L., Naseby, C. E. R., Navarro-Garcia, B., Needham, M., Niewczas, K., Nishimura, Y., Nova, F., Nugent, J. C., Nunokawa, H., Obrebski, W., Ochoa-Ricoux, J. P., O'Connor, E., Ogawa, N., Ogitsu, T., Okamoto, K., O'Keeffe, H. M., Okumura, K., Onishchuk, Y., Orozco-Luna, F., Oshlianskyi, A., Ospina, N., Ostrowski, M., O'Sullivan, E., Oyama, Y., Ozaki, H., Pac, M. Y., Paganini, P., Palladino, V., Pari, M., Pasternak, J., Pastore, C., Pastuszak, G., Patel, D. A., Pavin, M., Payne, D., Peña-Garay, C., Pidcott, C., Playfer, S., Pointon, B. W., Popov, A., Popov, B., Porwit, K., Posiadala-Zezula, M., Pronost, G., Prouse, N. W., Quilain, B., Quiroga, A. A., Radicioni, E., Radics, B., Rajda, P. J., Rescigno, M., Ricciardi, G., Richards, B., Rondio, E., Roskovec, B., Roth, S., Rott, C., Rubbia, A., Ruggeri, A. C., Russo, S., Rychter, A., Ryu, D., Sakashita, K., Samani, S., Sánchez, F., Sánchez, M. L., Sano, S., Santos, J. D., Santucci, G., Sarmah, P., Sato, K., Scott, M., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Seo, J. W., Sgalaberna, D., Shaykina, A., Shimizu, I., Shin, C. D., Shinoki, M., Shiozawa, M., Skrobova, N., Skwarczynski, K., Smy, M. B., Sobczyk, J., Sobel, H. W., Soler, F. J. P., Sonoda, Y., Spina, R., Spisso, B., Spradlin, P., Stankevich, K. L., Stawarz, L., Stellacci, S. M., Studenikin, A. I., Suárez Gómez, S. L., Suganuma, T., Suvorov, S., Suwa, Y., Suzuki, A. T., Suzuki, S., Suzuki, Y., Svirida, D., Taani, M., Tada, M., Takeda, A., Takemoto, Y., Takenaka, A., Taketa, A., Takeuchi, Y., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, H. I., Tanaka, M., Tashiro, T., Thiesse, M., Thompson, L. F., Tomatani-Sánchez, A. K., Tortone, G., Tsui, K. M., Tsukamoto, T., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Vagins, M. R., Valder, S., Valentino, V., Vasseur, G., Vijayvargi, A., Vinning, W. G. S., Vivolo, D., Vogelaar, R. B., Vyalkov, M. M., Wachala, T., Walker, J., Wark, D., Wascko, M. O., Wendell, R. A., Wilson, J. R., Wronka, S., Xia, J., Yamaguchi, Y., Yamamoto, K., Yano, T., Yershov, N., Yokoyama, M., Yoo, J., Yu, I., Zakrzewski, T., Zaldivar, B., Zalipska, J., Zaremba, K., Zarnecki, G., Ziembicki, M., Zietara, K., Zito, M., and Zsoldos, S.

Subjects
nucleon: decay, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, [PHYS.HEXP] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Cherenkov counter: water, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, J-PARC Lab, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), KAMIOKANDE, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], upgrade, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detector, neutrino: oscillation, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], activity report
Abstract

Hyper-Kamiokande is the next generation underground water Cherenkov detector that builds on the highly successful Super-Kamiokande experiment. The detector which has an 8.4~times larger effective volume than its predecessor will be located along the T2K neutrino beamline and utilize an upgraded J-PARC beam with 2.6~times beam power. Hyper-K's low energy threshold combined with the very large fiducial volume make the detector unique, that is expected to acquire an unprecedented exposure of 3.8~Mton$\cdot$year over a period of 20~years of operation. Hyper-Kamiokande combines an extremely diverse science program including nucleon decays, long-baseline neutrino oscillations, atmospheric neutrinos, and neutrinos from astrophysical origins. The scientific scope of this program is highly complementary to liquid-argon detectors for example in sensitivity to nucleon decay channels or supernova detection modes. Hyper-Kamiokande construction has started in early 2020 and the experiment is expected to start operations in 2027. The Hyper-Kamiokande collaboration is presently being formed amongst groups from 19 countries including the United States, whose community has a long history of making significant contributions to the neutrino physics program in Japan. US physicists have played leading roles in the Kamiokande, Super-Kamiokande, EGADS, K2K, and T2K programs., 6 pages, prepared as Snowmass2021 LOI

Published
2020

47. Establishment of nocturnal bladder control and behavioral sexual dimorphism in children

Author

Takahiko Mitsui, S. Ito, Masaaki Nakamura, Nobuo Shinohara, K. Cho, S Murai, Katsuya Nonomura, Atsuko Araki, Y. Nishimura, Kimihiko Moriya, Masafumi Kon, Chihiro Miyashita, Reiko Kishi, and Takeya Kitta

Subjects
Sexual dimorphism, business.industry, Urology, Bladder control, Medicine, Physiology, Nocturnal, business, lcsh:Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, lcsh:RC870-923, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, lcsh:RC254-282
Published
2020

48. ATR inhibition enhances 5-fluorouracil sensitivity independent of non-homologous end-joining and homologous recombination repair pathway

Author

Fumika Kitayoshi, Takeshi K. Matsui, Mari Nakanishi, Masaya Matsubayashi, Akihisa Takahashi, Shinko Kobashigawa, Atsuhisa Kajihara, Yoshihiko M. Sakaguchi, Masatoshi Hasegawa, Tadaaki Kirita, Yosuke Nakagawa, Eiichiro Mori, Genro Kashino, Sotaro Kikuchi, Kazuma Sugie, Shigehiro Tamaki, Hitoki Nanaura, and Soichiro S. Ito

Subjects
Blot, Non-homologous end joining, chemistry.chemical_compound, biology, Chemistry, DNA repair, Kinase, biology.protein, Phosphorylation, Homologous recombination, Thymidylate synthase, DNA, Cell biology
Abstract

The anticancer agent, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), is typically applied in the treatment of various types of cancers because of its properties. Thought to be an inhibitor of the enzyme thymidylate synthase which plays a role in nucleotide synthesis, 5-FU has been found to induce single- and double-strand DNA breaks. The activation of ATR occurs as a reaction to UV- and chemotherapeutic drug-induced replication stress. In this study, we examined the effect of ATR inhibition on 5-FU sensitivity. Using western blotting, we found that 5-FU treatment led to the phosphorylation of ATR. Surviving fractions were remarkably decreased in 5-FU with ATR inhibitor (ATRi) compared to 5-FU with other major DNA repair kinases inhibitors. ATR inhibition enhanced induction of DNA double-strand breaks and apoptosis in 5-FU-treated cells. Using gene expression analysis, we found that 5-FU could induce the activation of intra-S checkpoint. Surprisingly,BRCA2-deficient cells were sensitive to 5-FU in the presence of ATRi. In addition, ATR inhibition enhanced the efficacy of 5-FU treatment, independent of non-homologous end-joining and homologous recombination repair pathways. Findings from the present study suggest ATR as a potential therapeutic target for 5-FU chemotherapy.

Published
2020
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49. Anomalous Hall effect at the spontaneously electron-doped polar surface of PdCoO2 ultrathin films

Author

Kohei Fujiwara, K. Horiba, Takashi Takahashi, Atsushi Tsukazaki, T. J. Sato, M. Kitamura, Tsutomu Nojima, S. Ito, T. Harada, Hiroshi Kumigashira, and Katsuaki Sugawara

Subjects
Surface (mathematics), Materials science, Condensed matter physics, Electron, Electron doped, Metal, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Ferromagnetism, Hall effect, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Polar, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

The authors probe a ferromagnetic state emerging on an atomic surface of a nonmagnetic layered metal PdCoO2. Measurements of PdCoO2 ultrathin films reveal that spin-polarized Pd-derived electrons are flowing at the surface under the influence of triangular lattices of magnetic Co ions.

Published
2020
Full Text
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50. A57 VALPROATE INDUCED DRESS SYNDROME CAUSING MIXED LIVER INJURY

Author

J Hulst, R Verstegen, V Ng, S Ito, and R Schneider

Subjects
Liver injury, medicine.medical_specialty, Valproic Acid, Poster of Distinction, business.industry, Jaundice, medicine.disease, Gastroenterology, Levocarnitine, Epilepsy, Cholestasis, Prednisone, Internal medicine, medicine, Levetiracetam, medicine.symptom, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome occurs with 1 in every 1,000 to 10,000 drug exposures and has a mortality rate of up to 10%. It is one mechanism by which medications can induce liver injury with elevated liver enzymes seen in the majority of cases. In children, aromatic anticonvulsants are the drugs most commonly associated with DRESS syndrome. Valproate, a non-aromatic anti-epileptic, is not known to have a heightened risk of hypersensitivity syndromes and is often the anti-epileptic of choice in patients who develop hypersensitivity syndromes from other anti-epileptics. Valproate hepatotoxicity is normally caused by its inhibition of fatty acid transport and mitochondrial β-oxidation; vanishing bile duct syndrome is also reported. Aims We present a case, to the best of our knowledge the first in paediatrics, in which valproate causes DRESS syndrome and a secondary, predominantly cholestatic, liver injury. Methods Literature review and case report. Results A previously healthy 14-year-old girl was diagnosed with new-onset seizures and started on valproate. Three weeks later, she developed a pruritic exanthem. Despite discontinuing her valproate, the rash persisted and she developed fever and jaundice. She was admitted to the ICU at the Hospital for Sick Children with a diagnosis of DRESS syndrome (RegiSCAR DRESS score 7) for treatment with IV steroids. At admission, she had a skin eruption, fever, leukocytosis (22.86 x109/L), eosinophilia (1.03x109/L), atypical lymphocytes (1.62 x109/L), lymphadenopathy, and internal organ involvement (BiliC 138, GGT 501, INR 1.3, ALT 543, AST 370, Crt 109). Of note, her EBV PCR was positive. By discharge, her rash improved and kidney function normalized. Her cholestasis persisted, despite improvement in her transaminases and eosinophilia (BiliC 163, INR 1.0, GGT 338, ALT 506, AST 220, Eos 0.98x109/L). She was discharged home on an oral steroid wean, ursodeoxycholic acid, levocarnitine, and levetiracetam. Upon reaching a daily dose of 20mg of prednisone, her rash and pruritus worsened, she had lost 7kg, and she was readmitted for IV steroids. Her rash improved within 4 days and she was discharged on a slower steroid taper, with the addition of cholestyramine and insulin for steroid induced diabetes. At present (2 ½ months after diagnosis), she continues her oral steroids and has persistent liver injury and pruritus. Conclusions We report the first paediatric case of valproate induced DRESS syndrome causing a significant cholestatic presentation with otherwise preserved liver synthetic function. The prolonged cholestasis and pruritus may be a result of the natural course of DRESS syndrome, EBV reactivation/infection, or polypharmacy. Early recognition of DRESS syndrome as a mechanism of valproate induced liver injury in children is essential for earlier diagnosis and initiation of targeted therapy. Funding Agencies None

Published
2020

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