39 results on '"Rossen, Lauren"'
Search Results
2. Income Inequality and US Children’s Secondhand Smoke Exposure: Distinct Associations by Race–Ethnicity
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Shenassa, Edmond D, Rossen, Lauren M, Cohen, Jonathan, Morello-Frosch, Rachel, and Payne-Sturges, Devon C
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Public Health ,Health Sciences ,Pediatric ,Tobacco ,Tobacco Smoke and Health ,Nutrition ,2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment ,Aetiology ,2.3 Psychological ,social and economic factors ,Reduced Inequalities ,Adolescent ,Child ,Child Health Services ,Child ,Preschool ,Cotinine ,Ethnicity ,Female ,Humans ,Income ,Male ,Nutrition Surveys ,Smoking ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Tobacco Smoke Pollution ,United States ,Clinical Sciences ,Public Health and Health Services ,Marketing ,Epidemiology ,Public health - Abstract
IntroductionPrior studies have found considerable racial and ethnic disparities in secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure. Although a number of individual-level determinants of this disparity have been identified, contextual determinants of racial and ethnic disparities in SHS exposure remain unexamined. The objective of this study was to examine disparities in serum cotinine in relation to area-level income inequality among 14 649 children from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.MethodsWe fit log-normal regression models to examine disparities in serum cotinine in relation to Metropolitan Statistical Areas level income inequality among 14 649 nonsmoking children aged 3-15 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2012).ResultNon-Hispanic black children had significantly lower serum cotinine than non-Hispanic white children (-0.26; 95% CI: -0.38, -0.15) in low income inequality areas, but this difference was attenuated in areas with high income inequality (0.01; 95% CI: -0.16, 0.18). Serum cotinine declined for non-Hispanic white and Mexican American children with increasing income inequality. Serum cotinine did not change as a function of the level of income inequality among non-Hispanic black children.ConclusionsWe have found evidence of differential associations between SHS exposure and income inequality by race and ethnicity. Further examination of environments which engender SHS exposure among children across various racial/ethnic subgroups can foster a better understanding of how area-level income inequality relates to health outcomes such as levels of SHS exposure and how those associations differ by race/ethnicity.ImplicationsIn the United States, the association between children's risk of SHS exposure and income inequality is modified by race/ethnicity in a manner that is inconsistent with theories of income inequality. In overall analysis this association appears to be as predicted by theory. However, race-specific analyses reveal that higher levels of income inequality are associated with lower levels of SHS exposure among white children, while levels of SHS exposure among non-Hispanic black children are largely invariant to area-level income inequality. Future examination of the link between income inequality and smoking-related health outcomes should consider differential associations across racial and ethnic subpopulations.
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- 2017
3. Excess Deaths Associated with COVID-19, by Age and Race and Ethnicity — United States, January 26–October 3, 2020
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Rossen, Lauren M., Branum, Amy M., Ahmad, Farida B., Sutton, Paul, and Anderson, Robert N.
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- 2020
4. Race, Ethnicity, and Age Trends in Persons Who Died from COVID-19 — United States, May–August 2020
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Gold, Jeremy A.W., Rossen, Lauren M., Ahmad, Farida B., Sutton, Paul, Li, Zeyu, Salvatore, Phillip P., Coyle, Jayme P., DeCuir, Jennifer, Baack, Brittney N., Durant, Tonji M., Dominguez, Kenneth L., Henley, S. Jane, Annor, Francis B., Fuld, Jennifer, Dee, Deborah L., Bhattarai, Achuyt, and Jackson, Brendan R.
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- 2020
5. Potentially Excess Deaths from the Five Leading Causes of Death in Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Counties — United States, 2010–2017
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Garcia, Macarena C., Rossen, Lauren M., Bastian, Brigham, Faul, Mark, Dowling, Nicole F., Thomas, Cheryll C., Schieb, Linda, Hong, Yuling, Yoon, Paula W., and Iademarco, Michael F.
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- 2019
6. Fruit and Vegetable Consumption of U.S. Youth, 2009-2010. NCHS Data Brief. Number 156
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (DHHS/PHS), Nielsen, Samara Joy, Rossen, Lauren M., and Harris, Diane M.
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The Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA), 2010 encourage Americans, including youth, to increase their consumption of fruits and vegetables. Individuals are encouraged to "eat a variety of vegetables, especially dark-green and red and orange vegetables." Fruits and vegetables are sources of many under-consumed nutrients and consuming fruits and vegetables is associated with a decreased risk of chronic disease. This report examines the percentage of youth aged 2-19 years who consumed fruits and vegetables on a given day in 2009-2010, using data from one 24-hour dietary recall interview.
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- 2014
7. Leading Causes of Death in Nonmetropolitan and Metropolitan Areas — United States, 1999–2014
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Moy, Ernest, Garcia, Macarena C., Bastian, Brigham, Rossen, Lauren M., Ingram, Deborah D., Faul, Mark, Massetti, Greta M., Thomas, Cheryll C., Hong, Yuling, Yoon, Paula W., and Iademarco, Michael F.
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- 2017
8. Potentially Preventable Deaths Among the Five Leading Causes of Death — United States, 2010 and 2014
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García, Macarena C., Bastian, Brigham, Rossen, Lauren M., Anderson, Robert, Miniño, Arialdi, Yoon, Paula W., Faul, Mark, Massetti, Greta, Thomas, Cheryll C., Hong, Yuling, and Iademarco, Michael F.
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- 2016
9. Federal Housing Assistance and Chronic Disease Among US Adults, 2005–2018.
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Kim, Christine, Rossen, Lauren M., Stierman, Bryan, Garrison, Veronica, Hales, Craig M., and Ogden, Cynthia L.
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- 2023
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10. Preventable Premature Deaths from the Five Leading Causes of Death in Nonmetropolitan and Metropolitan Counties, United States, 2010-2022.
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García, Macarena C., Rossen, Lauren M., Matthews, Kevin, Guy, Gery, Trivers, Katrina F., Thomas, Cheryll C., Schieb, Linda, and Iademarco, Michael F.
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STROKE-related mortality , *HEART disease related mortality , *WOUNDS & injuries , *HEALTH services accessibility , *RISK assessment , *SOCIAL determinants of health , *CAUSES of death , *POPULATION geography , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *RESPIRATORY diseases , *CHRONIC diseases , *RURAL conditions , *METROPOLITAN areas , *TUMORS - Abstract
Problem/Condition: A 2019 report quantified the higher percentage of potentially excess (preventable) deaths in U.S. nonmetropolitan areas compared with metropolitan areas during 2010-2017. In that report, CDC compared national, regional, and state estimates of preventable premature deaths from the five leading causes of death in nonmetropolitan and metropolitan counties during 2010-2017. This report provides estimates of preventable premature deaths for additional years (2010-2022). Period Covered: 2010-2022. Description of System: Mortality data for U.S. residents from the National Vital Statistics System were used to calculate preventable premature deaths from the five leading causes of death among persons aged <80 years. CDC's National Center for Health Statistics urban-rural classification scheme for counties was used to categorize the deaths according to the urban-rural county classification level of the decedent's county of residence (1: large central metropolitan [most urban], 2: large fringe metropolitan, 3: medium metropolitan, 4: small metropolitan, 5: micropolitan, and 6: noncore [most rural]). Preventable premature deaths were defined as deaths among persons aged <80 years that exceeded the number expected if the death rates for each cause in all states were equivalent to those in the benchmark states (i.e., the three states with the lowest rates). Preventable premature deaths were calculated separately for the six urban-rural county categories nationally, the 10 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services public health regions, and the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Results: During 2010-2022, the percentage of preventable premature deaths among persons aged <80 years in the United States increased for unintentional injury (e.g., unintentional poisoning including drug overdose, unintentional motor vehicle traffic crash, unintentional drowning, and unintentional fall) and stroke, decreased for cancer and chronic lower respiratory disease (CLRD), and remained stable for heart disease. The percentages of preventable premature deaths from the five leading causes of death were higher in rural counties in all years during 2010-2022. When assessed by the six urban-rural county classifications, percentages of preventable premature deaths in the most rural counties (noncore) were consistently higher than in the most urban counties (large central metropolitan and fringe metropolitan) for the five leading causes of death during the study period. During 2010-2022, preventable premature deaths from heart disease increased most in noncore (+9.5%) and micropolitan counties (+9.1%) and decreased most in large central metropolitan counties (-10.2%). Preventable premature deaths from cancer decreased in all county categories, with the largest decreases in large central metropolitan and large fringe metropolitan counties (-100.0%; benchmark achieved in both county categories in 2019). In all county categories, preventable premature deaths from unintentional injury increased, with the largest increases occurring in large central metropolitan (+147.5%) and large fringe metropolitan (+97.5%) counties. Preventable premature deaths from CLRD decreased most in large central metropolitan counties where the benchmark was achieved in 2019 and increased slightly in noncore counties (+0.8%). In all county categories, preventable premature deaths from stroke decreased from 2010 to 2013, remained constant from 2013 to 2019, and then increased in 2020 at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Percentages of preventable premature deaths varied across states by urban-rural county classification during 2010-2022. Interpretation: During 2010-2022, nonmetropolitan counties had higher percentages of preventable premature deaths from the five leading causes of death than did metropolitan counties nationwide, across public health regions, and in most states. The gap between the most rural and most urban counties for preventable premature deaths increased during 2010-2022 for four causes of death (cancer, heart disease, CLRD, and stroke) and decreased for unintentional injury. Urban and suburban counties (large central metropolitan, large fringe metropolitan, medium metropolitan, and small metropolitan) experienced increases in preventable premature deaths from unintentional injury during 2010-2022, leading to a narrower gap between the already high (approximately 69% in 2022) percentage of preventable premature deaths in noncore and micropolitan counties. Sharp increases in preventable premature deaths from unintentional injury, heart disease, and stroke were observed in 2020, whereas preventable premature deaths from CLRD and cancer continued to decline. CLRD deaths decreased during 2017-2020 but increased in 2022. An increase in the percentage of preventable premature deaths for multiple leading causes of death was observed in 2020 and was likely associated with COVID-19-related conditions that contributed to increased mortality from heart disease and stroke. Public Health Action: Routine tracking of preventable premature deaths based on urban-rural county classification might enable public health departments to identify and monitor geographic disparities in health outcomes. These disparities might be related to different levels of access to health care, social determinants of health, and other risk factors. Identifying areas with a high prevalence of potentially preventable mortality might be informative for interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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11. Disparities in Excess Mortality Associated with COVID-19--United States, 2020
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Rossen, Lauren M., Ahmad, Farida B., Anderson, Robert N., Branum, Amy M., Du, Chengan, Krumholz, Harlan M., Li, Shu-Xia, Lin, Zhenqiu, Marshall, Andrew, Sutton, Paul D., and Faust, Jeremy S.
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Mortality ,Native Americans -- Health aspects ,Health - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected Hispanic or Latino, non-Hispanic Black (Black), non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native (AI/AN), and non-Hispanic Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander (NH/PI) populations in [...]
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- 2021
12. Narrative text analysis to identify technologies to prevent motor vehicle crashes: Examples from military vehicles
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Pollack, Keshia M., Yee, Nathan, Canham-Chervak, Michelle, Rossen, Lauren, Bachynski, Kathleen E., and Baker, Susan P.
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- 2013
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13. Plurality of Birth and Infant Mortality Due to External Causes in the United States, 2000–2010
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Ahrens, Katherine A., Thoma, Marie E., Rossen, Lauren M., Warner, Margaret, and Simon, Alan E.
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- 2017
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14. Severity of the COVID‐19 pandemic assessed with all‐cause mortality in the United States during 2020
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Dahlgren, F. Scott, primary, Rossen, Lauren M., additional, Fry, Alicia M., additional, and Reed, Carrie, additional
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- 2022
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15. Rural-Urban Differences in Maternal Mortality Trends in the United States, 1999–2017: Accounting for the Impact of the Pregnancy Status Checkbox
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Rossen, Lauren M, primary, Ahrens, Katherine A, additional, Womack, Lindsay S, additional, Uddin, Sayeedha F G, additional, and Branum, Amy M, additional
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- 2022
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16. Food Availability en Route to School and Anthropometric Change in Urban Children
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Rossen, Lauren M., Curriero, Frank C., Cooley-Strickland, Michele, and Pollack, Keshia M.
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- 2013
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17. Notes from the Field: Update on Excess Deaths Associated with the COVID-19 Pandemic — United States, January 26, 2020–February 27, 2021
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Rossen, Lauren M., primary, Branum, Amy M., additional, Ahmad, Farida B., additional, Sutton, Paul D., additional, and Anderson, Robert N., additional
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- 2021
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18. Asthma prevalence trends by weight status among US children aged 2–19 years, 1988–2014
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Akinbami, Lara J., Rossen, Lauren M., Fakhouri, Tala H.I., and Fryar, Cheryl D.
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Adult ,Male ,Pediatric Obesity ,Adolescent ,Body Weight ,Nutrition Surveys ,Article ,Asthma ,United States ,respiratory tract diseases ,Young Adult ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Logistic Models ,Risk Factors ,Child, Preschool ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Female ,Child - Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for asthma. However, it is unclear if increased obesity prevalence contributed to rising childhood asthma prevalence.To assess if population-level changes in weight status impacted asthma prevalence over time.Using nationally representative 1988-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data for 40 644 children aged 2-19 years, we analyzed asthma trends by weight status (body mass index age-specific percentiles determined using measured weight and height). Logistic regression and population attributable fraction were used to assess the association between obesity and asthma prevalence.Although obesity was a risk factor for asthma throughout the period, asthma prevalence increased only among children with normal weight; there was no interaction between weight status and time. The population attributable fraction for overweight/obesity rose from 8.5% in 1988-1994 to 11.9% in 2011-2014, but this increase was not significant (P = 0.44).Together, these data do not support a contribution of obesity trends to asthma prevalence trends.
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- 2017
19. Drug-involved Infant Deaths in the United States, 2015-2017.
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Ely, Danielle M., Martin, Joyce A., Hoyert, Donna L., Rossen, Lauren M., and Drake, Patrick
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- 2021
20. Update on Excess Deaths Associated with the COVID-19 Pandemic--United States, January 26, 2020-February 27, 2021
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Rossen, Lauren M., Branum, Amy M., Ahmad, Farida B., Sutton, Paul D., and Anderson, Robert N.
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Epidemics ,Mortality ,Health - Abstract
Estimates of excess deaths, defined as the number of persons who have died from all causes, above the expected number of deaths for a given place and time, can provide [...]
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- 2021
21. Making the Connection Between Zoning and Health Disparities
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Rossen, Lauren M., Rossen, Lauren M., Pollack, Keshia M., Rossen, Lauren M., Rossen, Lauren M., and Pollack, Keshia M.
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available at publisher's website.
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- 2012
22. Location of usual source of care among children and adolescents in the US, 1997–2013
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Simon, Alan E., Rossen, Lauren, Schoendorf, Kenneth C., Larson, Kandyce, and Olson, Lynn M.
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Male ,Health Services Needs and Demand ,Insurance, Health ,Adolescent ,Health Status ,Child Health Services ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,Article ,United States ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Child, Preschool ,Health Care Surveys ,Humans ,Female ,Child ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
To examine national trends in the percentage of children whose usual source of care is at a clinic, health center, or hospital outpatient department (hereafter "clinics") and whether trends differ by sociodemographic subpopulations.Analysis of serial, cross-sectional, nationally representative in-person household surveys, the 1997-2013 National Health Interview Surveys, was conducted to identify children with a usual source of care (n = 190,571), and the percentage receiving that care in a clinic. We used joinpoint regression to identify changes in linear trends, and logistic regression with predictive margins to obtain per-year changes in percentages, both unadjusted and adjusted for sociodemographic factors. Interaction terms in logistic regressions were used to assess whether trends varied by sociodemographic subgroups.Of all children with a usual source of care, the percentage receiving that care in a clinic declined 0.44 percentage points per year (P.001) from 22.97% in 1997 to 19.31% in 2002. Thereafter, it increased approximately 0.57 percentage points per year (P.001), reaching 26.1% in 2013. Trends for some sociodemographic subgroups varied from these overall trends. No changes were observed between 2003 and 2013 for non-Hispanic black and Medicaid/State Children's Health Insurance Program insured children.This study shows that, although the percentage of children with a usual source of care in a clinic declined between 1997 and 2002, it has steadily increased since that time.
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- 2015
23. Food insecurity and dietary intake among U.S. youth, 2007–2010
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Rossen, Lauren M. and Kobernik, Emily K.
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Male ,Adolescent ,Nutritional Status ,Nutrition Surveys ,Dietary Fats ,Health Surveys ,Article ,United States ,Diet ,Food Supply ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Dietary Sucrose ,Child, Preschool ,Humans ,Female ,Child ,Edible Grain - Abstract
There is limited research describing associations between food insecurity and dietary intake.To examine differences in dietary intake by food security status among a nationally representative sample of children and adolescents in the USA.The sample included 5136 children, ages 2-15 years, from the National Nutrition and Health Examination Survey, 2007-2010. Propensity score weighting was used to improve covariate balance between food-secure and food-insecure (marginal, low or very low food security) participants. Multivariate measurement error models were used to model usual intake of various dietary components and assess differences by food security status.Initial analyses using multivariate measurement error models determined there were no differences between food-insecure and food-secure children across several dietary components. In sensitivity analyses, children experiencing very low food security consumed fewer whole grains and more solid fats and added sugars compared with their food-secure counterparts. Some of these differences were attenuated after propensity score weighting, although intake of whole grains and added sugars remained significantly different.Food insecurity was largely not associated with dietary intake among 2-15-year-old US children, although some differences were observed comparing food-secure children to those experiencing very low food security.
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- 2015
24. The Impact of the Pregnancy Checkbox and Misclassification on Maternal Mortality Trends in the United States, 1999-2017.
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Rossen, Lauren M., Womack, Lindsay S., Hoyert, Donna L., Anderson, Robert N., and Uddin, Sayeedha F. G.
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- 2020
25. Usual nutrient intakes of US infants and toddlers generally meet or exceed Dietary Reference Intakes: findings from NHANES 2009–2012 ,
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Ahluwalia, Namanjeet, primary, Herrick, Kirsten A, additional, Rossen, Lauren M, additional, Rhodes, Donna, additional, Kit, Brian, additional, Moshfegh, Alanna, additional, and Dodd, Kevin W, additional
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- 2016
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26. A BAYESIAN SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL MODELING APPROACH TO APPING GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION IN MORTALITY RATES FOR UBNATIONAL AREAS WITH R-INLA.
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Kliana, Diba, Rossen, Lauren M., Hedesaard, Holly, and Warner, Margaret
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SUICIDE statistics , *SMALL area statistics , *HIERARCHICAL Bayes model - Abstract
Hierarchical Bayes models have been used in disease mapping to examine small scale geographic variation. State level geographic variation for less common causes of mortality outcomes have been reported however county level variation is rarely examined. Due to concerns about statistical reliability and confidentiality, county-level mortality rates based on fewer than 20 deaths are suppressed based on Division of Vital Statistics, National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) statistical reliability criteria, precluding an examination of spatio-temporal variation in less common causes of mortality outcomes such as suicide rates (SRs) at the county level using direct estimates. Existing Bayesian spatio-temporal modeling strategies can be applied via Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) in R to a large number of rare causes of mortality outcomes to enable examination of spatio-temporal variations on smaller geographic scales such as counties. This method allows examination of spatiotemporal variation across the entire U.S., even where the data are sparse. We used mortality data from 2005- 2015 to explore spatiotemporal variation in SRs, as one particular application of the Bayesian spatio-temporal modeling strategy in R-INLA to predict year and countyspecific SRs. Specifically, hierarchical Bayesian spatio-temporal models were implemented with spatially structured and unstructured random effects, correlated time effects, time varying confounders and space-time interaction terms in the software RINLA, borrowing strength across both counties and years to produce smoothed county level SRs. Model-based estimates of SRs were mapped to explore geographic variation. Running head: Mapping Geographic Variation in Mortality Rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
27. Benefits and risks of weight-loss treatment for older, obese women
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Rossen,Lauren M, Milsom,Vanessa A, Middleton,Kathryn R, Daniels,Michael J, Perri,Michael G, Rossen,Lauren M, Milsom,Vanessa A, Middleton,Kathryn R, Daniels,Michael J, and Perri,Michael G
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Lauren M Rossen,1,2 Vanessa A Milsom,1,3 Kathryn R Middleton,1,4 Michael J Daniels,5,6 Michael G Perri1,71Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; 2National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, MD, USA; 3Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; 4Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; 5Department of Statistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; 6Division of Statistics and Scientific Computation, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; 7College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USABackground: A key issue in the treatment of obesity in older adults is whether the health benefits of weight loss outweigh the potential risks with respect to musculoskeletal injury.Objective: To compare change in weight, improvements in metabolic risk factors, and reported musculoskeletal adverse events in middle-aged (50–59 years) and older (65–74 years), obese women.Materials and methods: Participants completed an initial 6-month lifestyle intervention for weight loss, comprised of weekly group sessions, followed by 12 months of extended care with biweekly contacts. Weight and fasting blood samples were assessed at baseline, month 6, and month 18; data regarding adverse events were collected throughout the duration of the study.Results: Both middle-aged (n = 162) and older (n = 56) women achieved significant weight reductions from baseline to month 6 (10.1 ± 0.68 kg and 9.3 ± 0.76 kg, respectively) and maintained a large proportion of their losses at month 18 (7.6 ± 0.87 kg and 7.6 ± 1.3 kg, respectively); there were no significant differences between the two groups with respect
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- 2013
28. Neighbourhood economic deprivation explains racial/ethnic disparities in overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in the USA
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Rossen, Lauren M, primary
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- 2013
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29. The contribution of mixed dishes to vegetable intake among US children and adolescents
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Branum, Amy M, primary and Rossen, Lauren M, additional
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- 2013
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30. The contribution of mixed dishes to vegetable intake among US children and adolescents.
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Branum, Amy M and Rossen, Lauren M
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TABLEWARE , *VEGETABLES , *ESTIMATION theory , *TEENAGERS , *HEALTH & Nutrition Examination Survey , *PROBABILITY theory - Abstract
ObjectiveTo describe the contribution of mixed dishes to vegetable consumption and to estimate vegetable intake according to specific types of vegetables and other foods among US children and adolescents.DesignThe 2003–2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a nationally representative probability survey conducted in the USA.SettingCivilian non-institutionalized US population.SubjectsAll children and adolescents aged 2–18 years who met eligibility criteria (n 9169).ResultsApproximately 59 % of total vegetable intake came from whole forms of vegetables with 41 % coming from a mixed dish. White potatoes (10·7 (se 0·6) %), fried potatoes (10·2 (se 0·4) %), potato chips (8·6 (se 0·5) %) and other vegetables (9·2 (se 0·5) %) accounted for most vegetables in their whole forms, whereas pasta dishes (9·5 (se 0·4) %), chilli/soups/stews (7·0 (se 0·5) %), pizza/calzones (7·6 (se 0·3) %) and other foods (13·7 (se 0·6) %) accounted for most mixed dishes. Usual mean vegetable intake was 1·02 cup equivalents/d; however, after excluding vegetables from mixed dishes, mean intake fell to 0·54 cup equivalents/d and to 0·32 cup equivalents/d when fried potatoes were further excluded.ConclusionsMixed dishes account for nearly half of overall vegetable intake in US children and adolescents. It is critical for future research to examine various components of vegetable intake carefully in order to inform policy and programmatic efforts aimed at improving dietary intake among children and adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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31. Benefits and risks of weight-loss treatment for older, obese women.
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Rossen, Lauren M., Milsom, Vanessa A., Middleton, Kathryn R., Daniels, Michael J., and Perri, Michael G.
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OBESITY ,C-reactive protein ,WEIGHT loss ,BLOOD pressure ,HEALTH of older women - Abstract
Background: A key issue in the treatment of obesity in older adults is whether the health benefits of weight loss outweigh the potential risks with respect to musculoskeletal injury. To compare change in weight, improvements in metabolic risk factors, and reported Objective: musculoskeletal adverse events in middle-aged (50-59 years) and older (65-74 years), obese women. Materials and methods: Participants completed an initial 6-month lifestyle intervention for weight loss, comprised of weekly group sessions, followed by 12 months of extended care with biweekly contacts. Weight and fasting blood samples were assessed at baseline, month 6, and month 18; data regarding adverse events were collected throughout the duration of the study. Results: Both middle-aged (n = 162) and older (n = 56) women achieved significant weight reductions from baseline to month 6 (10.1 ± 0.68 kg and 9.3 ± 0.76 kg, respectively) and maintained a large proportion of their losses at month 18 (7.6 ± 0.87 kg and 7.6 ± 1.3 kg, respectively); there were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to weight change. Older women further experienced significant reductions in systolic blood pressure, HbA
1c , and C-reactive protein from baseline to month 6 and maintained these improvements at month 18. Despite potential safety concerns, we found that older women were no more likely to experience musculoskeletal adverse events during the intervention as compared with their middle-aged counterparts. Conclusion: These results suggest that older, obese women can experience significant health benefits from lifestyle treatment for obesity, including weight loss and improvements in disease risk factors. Further investigation of the impact of weight loss on additional health-related parameters and risks (eg, body composition, muscular strength, physical functioning, and injuries) in older adults is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2013
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32. Surveillance Summaries Leading Causes of Death in Nonmetropolitan and Metropolitan Areas -- United States, 1999-2014.
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Moy, Ernest, Garcia, Macarena C., Bastian, Brigham, Rossen, Lauren M., Ingram, Deborah D., Faul, Mark, Massetti, Greta M., Thomas, Cheryll C., Yuling Hong, Yoon, Paula W., and Iademarco, Michael F.
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HEART disease related mortality ,MORTALITY prevention ,STROKE-related mortality ,METROPOLITAN areas ,MORTALITY ,BENCHMARKING (Management) ,COMPARATIVE studies ,CAUSES of death ,POPULATION geography ,PROBABILITY theory ,PUBLIC health ,RESPIRATORY diseases ,RURAL conditions ,TUMORS ,WOUNDS & injuries ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
Problem/Condition: Higher rates of death in nonmetropolitan areas (often referred to as rural areas) compared with metropolitan areas have been described but not systematically assessed. Period Covered: 1999-2014 Description of System: Mortality data for U.S. residents from the National Vital Statistics System were used to calculate age- adjusted death rates and potentially excess deaths for nonmetropolitan and metropolitan areas for the five leading causes of death. Age-adjusted death rates included all ages and were adjusted to the 2000 U.S. standard population by the direct method. Potentially excess deaths are defined as deaths among persons aged <80 years that exceed the numbers that would be expected if the death rates of states with the lowest rates (i.e., benchmark states) occurred across all states. (Benchmark states were the three states with the lowest rates for each cause during 2008-2010.) Potentially excess deaths were calculated separately for nonmetropolitan and metropolitan areas. Data are presented for the United States and the 10 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services public health regions. Results: Across the United States, nonmetropolitan areas experienced higher age-adjusted death rates than metropolitan areas. The percentages of potentially excess deaths among persons aged <80 years from the five leading causes were higher in nonmetropolitan areas than in metropolitan areas. For example, approximately half of deaths from unintentional injury and chronic lower respiratory disease in nonmetropolitan areas were potentially excess deaths, compared with 39.2% and 30.9%, respectively, in metropolitan areas. Potentially excess deaths also differed among and within public health regions; within regions, nonmetropolitan areas tended to have higher percentages of potentially excess deaths than metropolitan areas. Interpretation: Compared with metropolitan areas, nonmetropolitan areas have higher age-adjusted death rates and greater percentages of potentially excess deaths from the five leading causes of death, nationally and across public health regions. Public Health Action: Routine tracking of potentially excess deaths in nonmetropolitan areas might help public health departments identify emerging health problems, monitor known problems, and focus interventions to reduce preventable deaths in these areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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33. Restricting Unhealthful Food Advertising to Children and the First Amendment.
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Rossen, Lauren M.
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- 2011
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34. Restricting unhealthful food advertising to children and the First Amendment.
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Rossen, Lauren M
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- 2012
35. Disparities in Excess Mortality Associated with COVID-19 - United States, 2020.
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Rossen LM, Ahmad FB, Anderson RN, Branum AM, Du C, Krumholz HM, Li SX, Lin Z, Marshall A, Sutton PD, and Faust JS
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- Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, COVID-19 ethnology, Ethnicity statistics & numerical data, Humans, Middle Aged, Racial Groups statistics & numerical data, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, COVID-19 mortality, Health Status Disparities, Mortality trends
- Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected Hispanic or Latino, non-Hispanic Black (Black), non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native (AI/AN), and non-Hispanic Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander (NH/PI) populations in the United States. These populations have experienced higher rates of infection and mortality compared with the non-Hispanic White (White) population (1-5) and greater excess mortality (i.e., the percentage increase in the number of persons who have died relative to the expected number of deaths for a given place and time) (6). A limitation of existing research on excess mortality among racial/ethnic minority groups has been the lack of adjustment for age and population change over time. This study assessed excess mortality incidence rates (IRs) (e.g., the number of excess deaths per 100,000 person-years) in the United States during December 29, 2019-January 2, 2021, by race/ethnicity and age group using data from the National Vital Statistics System. Among all assessed racial/ethnic groups (non-Hispanic Asian [Asian], AI/AN, Black, Hispanic, NH/PI, and White populations), excess mortality IRs were higher among persons aged ≥65 years (426.4 to 1033.5 excess deaths per 100,000 person-years) than among those aged 25-64 years (30.2 to 221.1) and those aged <25 years (-2.9 to 14.1). Among persons aged <65 years, Black and AI/AN populations had the highest excess mortality IRs. Among adults aged ≥65 years, Black and Hispanic persons experienced the highest excess mortality IRs of >1,000 excess deaths per 100,000 person-years. These findings could help guide more tailored public health messaging and mitigation efforts to reduce disparities in mortality associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States,* by identifying the racial/ethnic groups and age groups with the highest excess mortality rates., Competing Interests: All authors have completed and submitted the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. Zhenqiu Lin reports contract support from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) to develop and maintain measures of hospital performance that are publicly reported. Harlan M. Krumholz reports the following outside the current work: honoraria for presentations at various educational events; grants from Medtronic and the Food and Drug Administration, Medtronic and Johnson & Johnson, Shenzhen Center for Health Information, Foundation for a Smoke-Free World, and Connecticut Department of Public Health and CMS; payment from law firms Martin/Baughman, Arnold & Porter, and Siegfried & Jensen for expert testimony; chairmanship or member of United Healthcare cardiac scientific advisory board, IBM Watson Health life sciences board, Element Science scientific advisor, Aetna health care advisory board, and Facebook advisory board; and ownership of Hugo Health and Refractor Health. No other potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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36. Excess Deaths Associated with COVID-19, by Age and Race and Ethnicity - United States, January 26-October 3, 2020.
- Author
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Rossen LM, Branum AM, Ahmad FB, Sutton P, and Anderson RN
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, COVID-19, Child, Child, Preschool, Health Status Disparities, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Middle Aged, United States epidemiology, Vital Statistics, Young Adult, Coronavirus Infections ethnology, Coronavirus Infections mortality, Ethnicity statistics & numerical data, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral ethnology, Pneumonia, Viral mortality, Racial Groups statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
As of October 15, 216,025 deaths from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been reported in the United States*; however, this number might underestimate the total impact of the pandemic on mortality. Measures of excess deaths have been used to estimate the impact of public health pandemics or disasters, particularly when there are questions about underascertainment of deaths directly attributable to a given event or cause (1-6).
† Excess deaths are defined as the number of persons who have died from all causes, in excess of the expected number of deaths for a given place and time. This report describes trends and demographic patterns in excess deaths during January 26-October 3, 2020. Expected numbers of deaths were estimated using overdispersed Poisson regression models with spline terms to account for seasonal patterns, using provisional mortality data from CDC's National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) (7). Weekly numbers of deaths by age group and race/ethnicity were assessed to examine the difference between the weekly number of deaths occurring in 2020 and the average number occurring in the same week during 2015-2019 and the percentage change in 2020. Overall, an estimated 299,028 excess deaths have occurred in the United States from late January through October 3, 2020, with two thirds of these attributed to COVID-19. The largest percentage increases were seen among adults aged 25-44 years and among Hispanic or Latino (Hispanic) persons. These results provide information about the degree to which COVID-19 deaths might be underascertained and inform efforts to prevent mortality directly or indirectly associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, such as efforts to minimize disruptions to health care., Competing Interests: All authors have completed and submitted the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.- Published
- 2020
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37. Race, Ethnicity, and Age Trends in Persons Who Died from COVID-19 - United States, May-August 2020.
- Author
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Gold JAW, Rossen LM, Ahmad FB, Sutton P, Li Z, Salvatore PP, Coyle JP, DeCuir J, Baack BN, Durant TM, Dominguez KL, Henley SJ, Annor FB, Fuld J, Dee DL, Bhattarai A, and Jackson BR
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, COVID-19, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Middle Aged, United States epidemiology, Vital Statistics, Young Adult, Coronavirus Infections ethnology, Coronavirus Infections mortality, Ethnicity statistics & numerical data, Health Status Disparities, Minority Groups statistics & numerical data, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral ethnology, Pneumonia, Viral mortality, Racial Groups statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
During February 12-October 15, 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic resulted in approximately 7,900,000 aggregated reported cases and approximately 216,000 deaths in the United States.* Among COVID-19-associated deaths reported to national case surveillance during February 12-May 18, persons aged ≥65 years and members of racial and ethnic minority groups were disproportionately represented (1). This report describes demographic and geographic trends in COVID-19-associated deaths reported to the National Vital Statistics System
† (NVSS) during May 1-August 31, 2020, by 50 states and the District of Columbia. During this period, 114,411 COVID-19-associated deaths were reported. Overall, 78.2% of decedents were aged ≥65 years, and 53.3% were male; 51.3% were non-Hispanic White (White), 24.2% were Hispanic or Latino (Hispanic), and 18.7% were non-Hispanic Black (Black). The number of COVID-19-associated deaths decreased from 37,940 in May to 17,718 in June; subsequently, counts increased to 30,401 in July and declined to 28,352 in August. From May to August, the percentage distribution of COVID-19-associated deaths by U.S. Census region increased from 23.4% to 62.7% in the South and from 10.6% to 21.4% in the West. Over the same period, the percentage distribution of decedents who were Hispanic increased from 16.3% to 26.4%. COVID-19 remains a major public health threat regardless of age or race and ethnicity. Deaths continued to occur disproportionately among older persons and certain racial and ethnic minorities, particularly among Hispanic persons. These results can inform public health messaging and mitigation efforts focused on prevention and early detection of infection among disproportionately affected groups., Competing Interests: All authors have completed and submitted the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.- Published
- 2020
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38. A BAYESIAN SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL MODELING APPROACH TO MAPPING GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION IN MORTALITY RATES FOR SUBNATIONAL AREAS WITH R-INLA.
- Author
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Khana D, Rossen LM, Hedegaard H, and Warner M
- Abstract
Hierarchical Bayes models have been used in disease mapping to examine small scale geographic variation. State level geographic variation for less common causes of mortality outcomes have been reported however county level variation is rarely examined. Due to concerns about statistical reliability and confidentiality, county-level mortality rates based on fewer than 20 deaths are suppressed based on Division of Vital Statistics, National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) statistical reliability criteria, precluding an examination of spatio-temporal variation in less common causes of mortality outcomes such as suicide rates (SRs) at the county level using direct estimates. Existing Bayesian spatio-temporal modeling strategies can be applied via Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) in R to a large number of rare causes of mortality outcomes to enable examination of spatio-temporal variations on smaller geographic scales such as counties. This method allows examination of spatiotemporal variation across the entire U.S., even where the data are sparse. We used mortality data from 2005-2015 to explore spatiotemporal variation in SRs, as one particular application of the Bayesian spatio-temporal modeling strategy in R-INLA to predict year and county-specific SRs. Specifically, hierarchical Bayesian spatio-temporal models were implemented with spatially structured and unstructured random effects, correlated time effects, time varying confounders and space-time interaction terms in the software R-INLA, borrowing strength across both counties and years to produce smoothed county level SRs. Model-based estimates of SRs were mapped to explore geographic variation.
- Published
- 2018
39. Potentially Preventable Deaths Among the Five Leading Causes of Death - United States, 2010 and 2014.
- Author
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García MC, Bastian B, Rossen LM, Anderson R, Miniño A, Yoon PW, Faul M, Massetti G, Thomas CC, Hong Y, and Iademarco MF
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cause of Death trends, Child, Child, Preschool, Chronic Disease, Heart Diseases prevention & control, Humans, Infant, Middle Aged, Neoplasms prevention & control, Respiratory Tract Diseases prevention & control, Stroke prevention & control, United States epidemiology, Wounds and Injuries prevention & control, Young Adult, Heart Diseases mortality, Neoplasms mortality, Respiratory Tract Diseases mortality, Stroke mortality, Wounds and Injuries mortality
- Abstract
Death rates by specific causes vary across the 50 states and the District of Columbia.* Information on differences in rates for the leading causes of death among states might help state health officials determine prevention goals, priorities, and strategies. CDC analyzed National Vital Statistics System data to provide national and state-specific estimates of potentially preventable deaths among the five leading causes of death in 2014 and compared these estimates with estimates previously published for 2010. Compared with 2010, the estimated number of potentially preventable deaths changed (supplemental material at https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/42472); cancer deaths decreased 25% (from 84,443 to 63,209), stroke deaths decreased 11% (from 16,973 to 15,175), heart disease deaths decreased 4% (from 91,757 to 87,950), chronic lower respiratory disease (CLRD) (e.g., asthma, bronchitis, and emphysema) deaths increased 1% (from 28,831 to 29,232), and deaths from unintentional injuries increased 23% (from 36,836 to 45,331). A better understanding of progress made in reducing potentially preventable deaths in the United States might inform state and regional efforts targeting the prevention of premature deaths from the five leading causes in the United States.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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