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1. Urinary TMAO levels are associated with the taxonomic composition of the gut microbiota and with the choline TMA-lyase gene (cutC) harbored by enterobacteriaceae

Author

Dalla Via, A, Gargari, G, Taverniti, V, Rondini, G, Velardi, I, Gambaro, V, Visconti, G, De Vitis, V, Gardana, C, Ragg, E, Pinto, A, Riso, P, Guglielmetti, S, Dalla Via A., Gargari G., Taverniti V., Rondini G., Velardi I., Gambaro V., Visconti G. L., De Vitis V., Gardana C., Ragg E., Pinto A., Riso P., Guglielmetti S., Dalla Via, A, Gargari, G, Taverniti, V, Rondini, G, Velardi, I, Gambaro, V, Visconti, G, De Vitis, V, Gardana, C, Ragg, E, Pinto, A, Riso, P, Guglielmetti, S, Dalla Via A., Gargari G., Taverniti V., Rondini G., Velardi I., Gambaro V., Visconti G. L., De Vitis V., Gardana C., Ragg E., Pinto A., Riso P., and Guglielmetti S.

Abstract

Gut microbiota metabolization of dietary choline may promote atherosclerosis through trimethylamine (TMA), which is rapidly absorbed and converted in the liver to proatherogenic trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO). The aim of this study was to verify whether TMAO urinary levels may be associated with the fecal relative abundance of specific bacterial taxa and the bacterial choline TMA-lyase gene cutC. The analysis of sequences available in GenBank grouped the cutC gene into two main clusters, cut-Dd and cut-Kp. A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) protocol was developed to quantify cutC and was used with DNA isolated from three fecal samples collected weekly over the course of three consecutive weeks from 16 healthy adults. The same DNA was used for 16S rRNA gene profiling. Concomitantly, urine was used to quantify TMAO by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). All samples were positive for cutC and TMAO. Correlation analysis showed that the cut-Kp gene cluster was significantly associated with Enterobacteriaceae. Linear mixed models revealed that urinary TMAO levels may be predicted by fecal cut-Kp and by 23 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Most of the OTUs significantly associated with TMAO were also significantly associated with cut-Kp, confirming the possible relationship between these two factors. In conclusion, this preliminary method-development study suggests the existence of a relationship between TMAO excreted in urine, specific fecal bacterial OTUs, and a cutC subgroup ascribable to the choline-TMA conversion enzymes of Enterobacteriaceae.

Published
2020

4. The BFMNU method as an alternative to the methods in use based on energy: study of the correlation between food energy and body mass

Author

Rondini, G, Olearo, B, del Castillo, JMS, and Boselli, PM

Subjects
Body mass changes, Food mass intake, Human energy expenditure, Energy intake
Abstract

Introduction: to establish slimming guidelines and any other changing treatments is useful to know the individual's energy expenditure due to the fact that, nowadays, the incidence of many diseases related to the loss of lean mass and the accumulation of adipose tissue has increased. The dietary treatments are carried out on calculating the energy contained in food, and then put in relation to the total energy expended by the body in order to produce changes in body mass. Objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the food energy and body mass of different subjects in various pathophysiological conditions. Methods: one hundred and twenty subjects (male and female, aged 7-78 years old) were studied in various pathophysiological conditions and previously treated with the BFMNU (Biologic e Fisiologia Modellistica della Nutrizione Umana) method. Results: a correlation coefficient R-2 of 0.1256 was found between food energy of the diet usually followed by the subjects and their body mass. The correlation between food energy and food mass was with R-2 of 0.211. The correlation between Delta% of food energy and Delta% of body mass of the subjects, obtained through dietary treatment with the BFMNU method, was 95.77 percent. Conclusions: the correlation between food energy and body mass is not significant, being a critical point about the diets designed on an energy basis. However, the body mass of an individual is determined by mass balance, regulated by corresponding metabolic rate, calculated by the BFMNU method, thanks to which the macronutrients in the diet are absorbed, redistributed and eliminated. A significant correlation, although not straight, is demonstrated between Delta% of food energy, supplied after processing through the dietary BFMNU method, and the Delta% of body mass, obtained following the dietetic path.

Published
2018

5. The Quality of Life of Children and Adolescents with X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia

Author

Soresina A., Nacinovich R., Bomba M., Cassani M., Molinaro A., Sciotto A., Martino S., Cardinale F., De Mattia D., Putti C., Dellepiane R.M., Felici L., Parrinello G., Neri F., Plebani A., Pierani P., DeMattia D., Martire B., Armenio L., Dammacco F., Ranieri G., Masi M., Miniaci A., Pession A., Rondelli R., Notarangelo L. D., Cao, Cossu F., Del Giacco S., Manconi P., Evangelista I., Magro S., Morgione S., STRISCIUGLIO, PIETRO, Anastasio E., Schillirò G., Paganelli R., Sticca M., Sperlì D., Carpino L., Bernini G., Azzari C., Maggi E., Romagnani S., Matucci A., Vultaggio A., Castagnola E., Gattorno M., Presta G., Civino A., Gambaretto G., Fasoli S., Salpietro C., Pietrogrande M.C., DellePiane R.M., Panisi C., Cambiaghi G., Pietrogrande M., Roncarolo M.G., Aiuti A., Masera G., Biondi A., Sala A., PIGNATA, CLAUDIO, Poggi V., Menna G., Di Nardo R., D'Apuzzo A., Pelliccia A., Correra A., Marone G., SPADARO, GIUSEPPE, Carli M., Zanesco L., Basso G., Putti M.C., Semenzato G., Agostini C., Amato G.M., Aricò M., Trizzino A., Izzi G., Bertolini P., Locatelli F., Zecca M., Rondini G., Marseglia G.L., Maccario R., Bossi G., Favre C., Consolini R., Vecchi V., Sacchini P., Rinaldi G., Ugazio A.G., Rossi P., Livadiotti S., Cancrini C., Finocchi A., Stabile A., Duse M., Iacobini M., Quinti I., Moschese V., Cecere F., Morgese G., Acquaviva A., De Zan G., Strafella S., Tamaro P., Rabusin M., Tovo P.A., Nespoli L., Marinoni M., Porcellini A., Cazzola G.A., Annarosa, Soresina, Renata, Nacinovich, Monica, Bomba, Morena, Cassani, Molinaro, Anna, Antonella, Sciotto, Silvana, Martino, Fabio, Cardinale, Domenico, Mattia, Caterina, Putti, Rosa Maria, Dellepiane, Leonardo, Felici, Giovanni, Parrinello, Francesca, Neri, Alessandro, Plebani, Soresina, A, Nacinovich, R, Bomba, M, Cassani, M, Molinaro, A, Sciotto, A, Martino, S, Cardinale, F, De Mattia, D, Putti, C, Dellepiane, R, Felici, L, Parrinello, G, Neri, F, Plebani, A, Soresina, A., Nacinovich, R., Bomba, M., Cassani, M., Molinaro, A., Sciotto, A., Martino, S., Cardinale, F., De Mattia, D., Putti, C., Dellepiane, R. M., Felici, L., Parrinello, G., Neri, F., Plebani, A., Pierani, P., Demattia, D., Martire, B., Armenio, L., Dammacco, F., Ranieri, G., Masi, M., Miniaci, A., Pession, A., Rondelli, R., Notarangelo, L. D., Cao, Cossu, F., Del Giacco, S., Manconi, P., Evangelista, I., Magro, S., Morgione, S., Strisciuglio, Pietro, Anastasio, E., Schillirò, G., Paganelli, R., Sticca, M., Sperlì, D., Carpino, L., Bernini, G., Azzari, C., Maggi, E., Romagnani, S., Matucci, A., Vultaggio, A., Castagnola, E., Gattorno, M., Presta, G., Civino, A., Gambaretto, G., Fasoli, S., Salpietro, C., Pietrogrande, M. C., Panisi, C., Cambiaghi, G., Pietrogrande, M., Roncarolo, M. G., Aiuti, A., Masera, G., Biondi, A., Sala, A., Pignata, Claudio, Poggi, V., Menna, G., Di Nardo, R., D'Apuzzo, A., Pelliccia, A., Correra, A., Marone, G., Spadaro, Giuseppe, Carli, M., Zanesco, L., Basso, G., Putti, M. C., Semenzato, G., Agostini, C., Amato, G. M., Aricò, M., Trizzino, A., Izzi, G., Bertolini, P., Locatelli, F., Zecca, M., Rondini, G., Marseglia, G. L., Maccario, R., Bossi, G., Favre, C., Consolini, R., Vecchi, V., Sacchini, P., Rinaldi, G., Ugazio, A. G., Rossi, P., Livadiotti, S., Cancrini, C., Finocchi, A., Stabile, A., Duse, M., Iacobini, M., Quinti, I., Moschese, V., Cecere, F., Morgese, G., Acquaviva, A., De Zan, G., Strafella, S., Tamaro, P., Rabusin, M., Tovo, P. A., Nespoli, L., Marinoni, M., Porcellini, A., and Cazzola, G. A.

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, x-linked agammaglobulinemia, Activities of daily living, Adolescent, X-linked agammaglobulinemia, Health Status, Immunology, pedsql 4.0 generic core scale, Quality of life, children, Agammaglobulinemia, Surveys and Questionnaires, Activities of Daily Living, health-related quality of life, parents, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scale, Child, Settore MED/38 - Pediatria Generale e Specialistica, Health related quality of life, quality of live, business.industry, Immunoglobulins, Intravenous, Genetic Diseases, X-Linked, medicine.disease, Socioeconomic Factors, Child, Preschool, Mutation, Quality of Life, Female, X-linked agammaglobulinemia - children - parents - health-related quality of life - PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scale, business
Abstract

Introduction: The health-related quality of life in X-linked agammaglobulinemia was investigated in 25 children and adolescents patients through the Italian version of Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 Generic Core Scale for patients aged less then 18 years, comparing child perception to that of the parents and the physician's evaluation. The data were compared with the ones of 80 healthy controls and the literature data of a group of patients with rheumatic diseases. Discussion: The agammaglobulinemia subjects perceived a lower global quality of life than the healthy subjects, but significantly higher than the rheumatic diseases controls. The clinical relevance of health-related quality of life assessment in X-linked agammaglobulinemia pediatric patients is discussed. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.

Published
2009

6. Prophylactic nasal continuous positive airways pressure in newborns of 28-31 weeks gestation: multicentre randomised controlled clinical trial

Author

Sandri, F, Ancora, G, Lanzoni, A, Tagliabue, P, Colnaghi, M, Ventura, Ml, Rinaldi, M, Mondello, I, Gancia, P, Salvioli, Gp, Orzalesi, M, Mosca, F, Brasca, E, Fedeli, T, Pelti, M, Germani, R, Costato, C, Maffei, G, Rinaldi, G, Morgando, Mp, Cambursano, P, Strano, F, Rondini, G, Santuz, P, Biban, P, Gitto, Eloisa, Cordaro, S, Cordaro, P, Barberi, Ignazio, Gargano, G, Roversi, Mf, Ferrari, F, Compagnoni, G, Lista, G, Castoldi, F, Giordano, L, Messina, F, Napolitano, M, Marra, A, Dani, C, Rubaltelli, F, Bonacci, W, Serra, G, Piccinini, G, Santini, G, Martano, C, and Fabris, C.

Subjects
Male, newborns, medicine.medical_treatment, Partial Pressure, positive airways pressure, Drug Administration Schedule, Intensive care, medicine, Clinical endpoint, Humans, Continuous positive airway pressure, Mechanical ventilation, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn, Respiratory distress, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Infant, Newborn, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pulmonary Surfactants, General Medicine, respiratory system, Clinical trial, Oxygen, Anesthesia, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Intensive Care, Neonatal, Gestation, Regression Analysis, Female, Original Article, business, Infant, Premature
Abstract

Background: The role of nasal continuous positive airways pressure (nCPAP) in the management of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants is not completely defined. Objective: To evaluate the benefits and risks of prophylactic nCPAP in infants of 28–31 weeks gestation. Design: Multicentre randomised controlled clinical trial. Setting: Seventeen Italian neonatal intensive care units. Patients: A total of 230 newborns of 28–31 weeks gestation, not intubated in the delivery room and without major malformations, were randomly assigned to prophylactic or rescue nCPAP. Interventions: Prophylactic nCPAP was started within 30 minutes of birth, irrespective of oxygen requirement and clinical status. Rescue nCPAP was started when FIO2 requirement was > 0.4, for more than 30 minutes, to maintain transcutaneous oxygen saturation between 93% and 96%. Exogenous surfactant was given when FIO2 requirement was > 0.4 in nCPAP in the presence of radiological signs of respiratory distress syndrome. Main outcome measures: Primary end point: need for exogenous surfactant. Secondary end points: need for mechanical ventilation and incidence of air leaks. Results: Surfactant was needed by 22.6% in the prophylaxis group and 21.7% in the rescue group. Mechanical ventilation was required by 12.2% in both the prophylaxis and rescue group. The incidence of air leaks was 2.6% in both groups. More than 80% of both groups had received prenatal steroids. Conclusions: In newborns of 28–31 weeks gestation, there is no greater benefit in giving prophylactic nCPAP than in starting nCPAP when the oxygen requirement increases to a FIO2 > 0.4.

Published
2004

9. Bacteriological and clinical efficacy of various antibiotics used in the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis in Italy. An epidemiological study

Author

Rondini, G, Cocuzza, C, Cianflone, M, Lanzafame, A, Santini, L, Mattina, R, Mattina, R., COCUZZA, CLEMENTINA ELVEZIA, Rondini, G, Cocuzza, C, Cianflone, M, Lanzafame, A, Santini, L, Mattina, R, Mattina, R., and COCUZZA, CLEMENTINA ELVEZIA

Abstract

A total of 123 community paediatricians and 23 microbiology laboratories studied the clinical and bacteriological efficacy of treatment of group A streptococcal pharyngitis in Italy. Of 1065 patients, from whom Streptococcus pyogenes was isolated, 723 returned to follow up and of these 138 (19%) still had a positive throat culture. The erythromycin resistance (ER) rate was 23.7% with resistance phenotype distribution of: 31.7% constitutive (CR), 26.6% inducible (IR) and 41.7% efflux pump (M) resistance phenotype. All strains were susceptible to the beta-lactam agents tested. CR strains were highly resistant to all 14, 15 and 16 membered macrolides with the exception of rokitamycin which showed activity against 37.8% of isolates. All phenotype M and some IR isolates were susceptible to clindamycin, rokitamycin, josamycin and spiramycin; clarithromycin was active against a small percentage of strains belonging to the IR and M phenotype. Bacterial eradication was found in 85.5, 78.7 and 75.8% of the penicillin, macrolide and cephalosporin treated groups. Genotyping of strains showed that 8.7% of the 19% of cases classified as 'failed bacterial eradication' were due to recolonization with a different isolate, observed exclusively among beta-lactams treated patients. Clinical cure was achieved in a high percentage of cases, irrespective of the antibiotic prescribed, with the best clinical efficacy being found following therapy with amoxycillin and clarithromycin (90.9%).

Published
2001

10. Perinatal care at an extremely low gestational age (22 25 weeks). An Italian approach: the "Carta di Firenze"

Author

Pignotti, M. S., primary, Scarselli, G., additional, Barberi, I., additional, Barni, M., additional, Bevilacqua, G., additional, Branconi, F., additional, Bucci, G., additional, Campogrande, M., additional, Curiel, P., additional, Di Iorio, R., additional, Di Renzo, G. C., additional, Di Tommaso, M., additional, Moscarini, M., additional, Norelli, G. A., additional, Pagni, A., additional, Panti, A., additional, Pela, I., additional, Rondini, G., additional, Saggese, G., additional, Salvioli, G., additional, Scarano, E., additional, and Donzelli, G., additional

Published
2007
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11. Characterisation of CTL directed towards non-inherited maternal alloantigens in human cord blood

Author

Moretta, A, Locatelli, Franco, Mingrat, G, Rondini, G, Montagna, D, Comoli, P, Gandossini, S, Montini, E, Labirio, M, Maccario, R, Locatelli, F (ORCID:0000-0002-7976-3654), Moretta, A, Locatelli, Franco, Mingrat, G, Rondini, G, Montagna, D, Comoli, P, Gandossini, S, Montini, E, Labirio, M, Maccario, R, and Locatelli, F (ORCID:0000-0002-7976-3654)

Abstract

Allogeneic cord blood transplantation (CBT), especially from unrelated donors, is being increasingly used for treating paediatric patients with both malignant and nonmalignant disorders. Recent clinical and experimental evidence suggests that human cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMC) may acquire in utero a state of tolerance towards non-inherited maternal antigens (NIMA). In order to better define this phenomenon, we measured, by means of a limiting dilution assay (LDA), the frequency of MMA-specific CTL precursors (CTLp) in cord blood samples obtained from 13 healthy neonates. The immunophenotype of the effector cells recovered from LDA was also analysed. Data concerning both CTLp frequency and phenotype of effector cells were compared with those obtained stimulating CBMC with cells of paternal origin (NIPA) and adult PBMC with allogeneic targets. Results showed that cytotoxic cells directed towards cells of maternal origin could be detected in all cord blood samples tested. Phenotype analysis demonstrated that NIPA elicit the expansion of CD3(+)/CD8(bright) T cells, a phenotype associated with alloreactive CTL, By contrast, NIMA preferentially stimulated the expansion of CD3(-)/CD8(dim+) cells, a phenotype associated with NK cells, which are known to be able, in certain clinical conditions, to kill allogeneic haematopoietic cells without causing GVHD. Thus, our results indicate that, when evaluated in a limiting dilution condition, NIMA-reactive cord blood cells are detectable and a preferential expansion of NK cells is observed.

Published
1999

12. Does the emergence and persistence of donor-derived leukaemia-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes protect patients given an allogeneic BMT from recurrence? Results of a preliminary study

Author

Montagna, D, Locatelli, Franco, Calcaterra, V, Comoli, P, Moretta, A, Giorgiani, G, Zecca, M, Bonetti, F, Giraldi, E, Rondini, G, Maccario, R, Locatelli, F (ORCID:0000-0002-7976-3654), Montagna, D, Locatelli, Franco, Calcaterra, V, Comoli, P, Moretta, A, Giorgiani, G, Zecca, M, Bonetti, F, Giraldi, E, Rondini, G, Maccario, R, and Locatelli, F (ORCID:0000-0002-7976-3654)

Abstract

The frequency of CTL precursors (CTLp) directed towards recipient-derived pre-transplant leukaemic blasts (LB) was measured in the peripheral blood of nine children with acute leukaemia and given BMT from either an HLA-identical sibling or a matched unrelated donor (MUD). Patients were evaluated at various time points between 1 month and more than 2 years after transplantation. A high frequency of donor-derived LB-reactive CTLp was detectable 2-6 months after BMT in all children and persisted for at least up to 18 months in the eight patients in haematological remission, while it rapidly declined in the only patient who relapsed, Generation of LB-reactive T cell clones obtained from some of these patients demonstrates that various T lymphocyte subsets, either HLA class I-restricted/TCR-dependent or HLA-unrestricted, contribute to this phenomenon. The in vitro GVL effect here described seems to be at least partially separated from GVHR, since no correlation was observed between the emergence of LB-reactive CTLp and the development and/or severity of GVHD, Development of LB-reactive CTL in the patients was independent of the frequency of these cells in the donor. These data suggest that donor-derived CTL activity specifically directed towards leukaemic blasts may develop in patients given allogeneic BMT and contribute to the maintenance of a state of haematological remission.

Published
1998

13. High frequency of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lymphoblastoid cell line-reactive lymphocytes in cord blood: evaluation of cytolytic activity and IL-2 production

Author

Moretta, A, Comoli, P, Montagna, D, Gasparoni, A, Percivalle, E, Carena, I, Revello, M G, Gerna, G, Mingrat, G, Locatelli, Franco, Rondini, G, Maccario, R, Locatelli, F (ORCID:0000-0002-7976-3654), Moretta, A, Comoli, P, Montagna, D, Gasparoni, A, Percivalle, E, Carena, I, Revello, M G, Gerna, G, Mingrat, G, Locatelli, Franco, Rondini, G, Maccario, R, and Locatelli, F (ORCID:0000-0002-7976-3654)

Abstract

We investigated natural immunity towards autologous EBV lymphoblastoid cell lines (EBV-LCL) in the cord blood. Cord blood lymphocytes (CBL) from 20 healthy neonates were examined together with three EBV(+) and one EBV(-) adult donors. We found that high frequencies of EBV-LCL-reactive cytotoxic lymphocytes, ranging from 1/190 to 1/12205 were detectable in EBV(-) and EBV(+) donors, as well as in the cord blood of 15 out of 20 neonates, Surface phenotype analysis, depletion experiments with MoAbs specific for T and natural killer (NK) lymphocyte subsets, and T lymphocyte cloning procedures strongly indicate virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) as the major population responsible for the lysis of autologous EBV-LCL in EBV(+) donors. Conversely, a high frequency of NK cells seems to be involved in the killing activity observed in neonates and in the EBV(-) donor. Frequencies of EBV-LCL-induced IL-2-producing lymphocytes were high in EBV(+) donors (range 1/2247-1/6633) and heterogeneous, but consistent, in cord blood (range 1/5072-1/57819) and in the EBV(-) adult (1/17148). CD8(+) lymphocytes were responsible for IL-2 production in EBV(+) individuals, while CD4(+) T cells were charged with this role in cord blood and in the EBV(-) donor, These data demonstrate that CBL are able to develop a strong innate immunity, directed against autologous EBV-infefted cells, mediated by both NK cells and CD4(+) T lymphocytes. This characteristic may be relevant for protection against viral infections in both neonates and patients given cord blood transplantation (CBT).

Published
1997

14. Transplantation of cord blood progenitor cells can promote bone resorption in autosomal recessive osteopetrosis

Author

Locatelli, Franco, Beluffi, G, Giorgiani, G, Maccario, R, Fiori, P, Pession, A, Bonetti, F, Comoli, P, Calcaterra, V, Rondini, G, Severi, F, Locatelli, F (ORCID:0000-0002-7976-3654), Locatelli, Franco, Beluffi, G, Giorgiani, G, Maccario, R, Fiori, P, Pession, A, Bonetti, F, Comoli, P, Calcaterra, V, Rondini, G, Severi, F, and Locatelli, F (ORCID:0000-0002-7976-3654)

Abstract

Allogeneic BMT has been reported to be the only curative therapy for children with juvenile autosomal recessive osteopetrosis. We report the case of a 14-month-old child in whom bone resorption was observed after cord blood transplantation (CBT). The patient was given CBT from an unrelated newborn matched for five of six HLA antigens, At the time of transplantation, the child presented with neurological symptoms, with feeding problems and visual impairment, A successful engraftment of donor hematopoiesis was demonstrated and the child experienced grade I acute GVHD, Progressive bone clearing was achieved and a bone marrow trephine demonstrated signs of osteoclast function. Despite full engraftment and bone resorption, neurologic deterioration did not improve, This experience documents that CBT can promote the correction of juvenile osteopetrosis, The shorter time needed both to identify an unrelated donor and to perform the transplant, as well as the lower incidence of GVHD make this procedure more appealing than BMT in children lacking an HLA-compatible relative.

Published
1997

15. Hematopoietic and immune recovery after transplantation of cord blood progenitor cells in children

Author

Locatelli, Franco, Maccario, R, Comoli, P, Bertolini, F, Giorgiani, G, Montagna, D, Bonetti, F, De Stefano, P, Rondini, G, Sirchia, G, Severi, F, Locatelli, F (ORCID:0000-0002-7976-3654), Locatelli, Franco, Maccario, R, Comoli, P, Bertolini, F, Giorgiani, G, Montagna, D, Bonetti, F, De Stefano, P, Rondini, G, Sirchia, G, Severi, F, and Locatelli, F (ORCID:0000-0002-7976-3654)

Abstract

Matched related cord blood transplantation (CBT) has been successfully used to rescue patients undergoing myeloablative therapy. However, few data are available on the kinetics of hematological and immunological reconstitution of CBT recipients. We have investigated the hematological engraftment and immune recovery following related CBT in three patients, with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, aged 10, 9 and 7 years and with a body weight of 31, 40 and 25 kg, respectively. All patients engrafted and none experienced acute or chronic graft-versus-host disease. The time needed to achieve granulocyte recovery was 13, 26 and 29 days, respectively and platelet recovery occurred in 28, 49 and 51 days. All patients presented a marked increase of HbF, the values observed being much greater than those documented in patients given marrow transplantation and comparable with those observed in normal children in the first year of age. The recovery of T cell immunity, as well as that of natural killer subpopulations, mimicked that described in BMT recipients, a quicker return of CD8+ T cells determining the characteristic inversion of CD4/CD8 ratio. An impressive increase in the percentage and absolute number of B lymphocytes, apparently not related to viral infections, was demonstrable in all three cases. These data suggest that CBT recipients can experience a slight delay in hematological recovery when compared with patients given BMT. The reconstitution of erythropoiesis seems to recapitulate the ontogenetic pattern and the kinetics of recovery of the immune system reproduce that observed after BMT with the peculiarity of B cell expansion in peripheral blood.

Published
1996

23. Post-discharge nutrition of the very low-birthweight infant: Interim results of the multicentric GAMMA study

Author

Agosti, M., Vegni, C., Calciolari, G., Marini, A., Mautone, A., Cosmo, L., Ladisa, G., Alessandroni, R., Capretti, A., Chiappe, S., Palmas, G., Polizzi, B., Angrì, F., Catalano, L., Sabatino, G., Domizio, S., Rinaldi, G., Popolo, G., Spennati, G. F., Persia, R., Zanini, R., roberto bellu', Stronati, M., Mussini, P., Ferrari, F., Ferrari, P., Paino, G., Napolitano, M., Spinella, B., Pomo, R., Rondini, G., Polito, E., Lungarotti, S., Soldani, C., Dore, A., Oggiano, R., Mussa, G. C., Farinasso, D., Agosta, G., Saia, S., Battajon, N., Macagno, F., Chiandotto, V., and Leva, L.

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Post discharge, Group B, Corrected Age, Interim, Humans, Infant, Very Low Birth Weight, Medicine, Prospective Studies, Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Interim report, Psychomotor learning, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Infant Formula, Patient Discharge, Head circumference, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Small for gestational age, Female, business, very low birth wieight, Psychomotor Performance
Abstract

This report presents the interim results up to 12 mo corrected age (c.a.) of a multicentric, prospective, controlled study on very low-birthweight infants, randomized at 40 wk post-conception in two different groups of formula feeding: 80 Kcal/dL (group A) vs 70 Kcal/dL (group B) up to 55 wk of postconceptional age. Subsequently, all the babies were fed with a follow-on formula, with the introduction of solid foods at 6 mo c.a. Weight, length, head circumference and neurological conditions with psychomotor development (evaluated by the Griffiths' Developmental Scale) were measured at regular intervals and all of these parameters were satisfactory in both groups. For growth, in group A there was a greater increase in weight in boys at 55 wk and at 6 mo c.a., and small for gestational age (SGA) babies had a greater increase in length at 1 y of age, while head circumference caught up on growth from week 40 to week 55. Measured by the Griffiths' Developmental Scale, the SGA group fed 80 Kcal/dL had a better score at 6 mo; similarly boys fed 80 Kcal/dL had a better score at 6 and at 9 mo. Conclusion: Nutrition of very low birthweight infants post-discharge could have an influence on physical growth and on neurodevelopmental outcome. This interim report needs to be confirmed at the end of the study.

27. Bacteriological and clinical efficacy of various antibiotics used in the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis in Italy. An epidemiological study

Author

G Rondini, M. Cianflone, L. Santini, Clementina Cocuzza, Roberto Mattina, A. Lanzafame, Rondini, G, Cocuzza, C, Cianflone, M, Lanzafame, A, Santini, L, and Mattina, R

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Josamycin, Adolescent, Streptococcus pyogenes, β-lactam, Streptococcus pyogene, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Penicillins, medicine.disease_cause, Streptococcal pharyngitis, Article, Microbiology, Clarithromycin, Streptococcal Infections, Anti-Bacterial Agent, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Child, business.industry, Microbial Sensitivity Test, Spiramycin, Clindamycin, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Pharyngitis, General Medicine, MED/38 - PEDIATRIA GENERALE E SPECIALISTICA, Penicillin, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Erythromycin, Infectious Diseases, Italy, MED/07 - MICROBIOLOGIA E MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA, Child, Preschool, Pharynx, medicine.symptom, business, Rokitamycin, medicine.drug
Abstract

A total of 123 community paediatricians and 23 microbiology laboratories studied the clinical and bacteriological efficacy of treatment of group A streptococcal pharyngitis in Italy. Of 1065 patients, from whom Streptococcus pyogenes was isolated, 723 returned to follow up and of these 138 (19%) still had a positive throat culture. The erythromycin resistance (ER) rate was 23.7% with resistance phenotype distribution of: 31.7% constitutive (CR), 26.6% inducible (IR) and 41.7% efflux pump (M) resistance phenotype. All strains were susceptible to the β-lactam agents tested. CR strains were highly resistant to all 14, 15 and 16 membered macrolides with the exception of rokitamycin which showed activity against 37.8% of isolates. All phenotype M and some IR isolates were susceptible to clindamycin, rokitamycin, josamycin and spiramycin; clarithromycin was active against a small percentage of strains belonging to the IR and M phenotype. Bacterial eradication was found in 85.5, 78.7 and 75.8% of the penicillin, macrolide and cephalosporin treated groups. Genotyping of strains showed that 8.7% of the 19% of cases classified as ‘failed bacterial eradication’ were due to recolonization with a different isolate, observed exclusively among β-lactams treated patients. Clinical cure was achieved in a high percentage of cases, irrespective of the antibiotic prescribed, with the best clinical efficacy being found following therapy with amoxycillin and clarithromycin (90.9%).

Published
2001

28. Urinary TMAO Levels Are Associated with the Taxonomic Composition of the Gut Microbiota and with the Choline TMA-Lyase Gene ( cutC ) Harbored by Enterobacteriaceae.

Author

Dalla Via A, Gargari G, Taverniti V, Rondini G, Velardi I, Gambaro V, Visconti GL, De Vitis V, Gardana C, Ragg E, Pinto A, Riso P, and Guglielmetti S

Subjects
Adult, Choline metabolism, DNA, Bacterial genetics, Enterobacteriaceae classification, Enterobacteriaceae genetics, Feces microbiology, Female, Humans, Male, Methylamines metabolism, Middle Aged, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Young Adult, Bacterial Proteins genetics, Enterobacteriaceae enzymology, Gastrointestinal Microbiome genetics, Lyases genetics, Methylamines urine
Abstract

Gut microbiota metabolization of dietary choline may promote atherosclerosis through trimethylamine (TMA), which is rapidly absorbed and converted in the liver to proatherogenic trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO). The aim of this study was to verify whether TMAO urinary levels may be associated with the fecal relative abundance of specific bacterial taxa and the bacterial choline TMA-lyase gene cutC . The analysis of sequences available in GenBank grouped the cutC gene into two main clusters, cut-Dd and cut-Kp. A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) protocol was developed to quantify cutC and was used with DNA isolated from three fecal samples collected weekly over the course of three consecutive weeks from 16 healthy adults. The same DNA was used for 16S rRNA gene profiling. Concomitantly, urine was used to quantify TMAO by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). All samples were positive for cutC and TMAO. Correlation analysis showed that the cut-Kp gene cluster was significantly associated with Enterobacteriaceae . Linear mixed models revealed that urinary TMAO levels may be predicted by fecal cut-Kp and by 23 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Most of the OTUs significantly associated with TMAO were also significantly associated with cut-Kp, confirming the possible relationship between these two factors. In conclusion, this preliminary method-development study suggests the existence of a relationship between TMAO excreted in urine, specific fecal bacterial OTUs, and a cutC subgroup ascribable to the choline-TMA conversion enzymes of Enterobacteriaceae .

Published
2019
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29. The BFMNU method as an alternative to the methods in use based on energy: study of the correlation between food energy and body mass.

Author

Rondini G, Olearo B, Soriano Del Castillo JM, and Boselli PM

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Body Composition, Child, Diet, Eating, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Biological, Young Adult, Algorithms, Body Weight physiology, Energy Intake physiology
Abstract

Introduction: to establish slimming guidelines and any other changing treatments is useful to know the individual's energy expenditure due to the fact that, nowadays, the incidence of many diseases related to the loss of lean mass and the accumulation of adipose tissue has increased. The dietary treatments are carried out on calculating the energy contained in food, and then put in relation to the total energy expended by the body in order to produce changes in body mass., Objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the food energy and body mass of different subjects in various pathophysiological conditions., Methods: one hundred and twenty subjects (male and female, aged 7-78 years old) were studied in various pathophysiological conditions and previously treated with the BFMNU (Biologia e Fisiologia Modellistica della Nutrizione Umana)method., Results: a correlation coefficient R2 of 0.1256 was found between food energy of the diet usually followed by the subjects and their body mass. The correlation between food energy and food mass was with R2 of 0.211. The correlation between Δ% of food energy and Δ% of body mass of the subjects, obtained through dietary treatment with the BFMNU method, was 95.77 percent., Conclusions: the correlation between food energy and body mass is not significant, being a critical point about the diets designed on an energy basis. However, the body mass of an individual is determined by mass balance, regulated by corresponding metabolic rate, calculated by the BFMNU method, thanks to which the macronutrients in the diet are absorbed, redistributed and eliminated. A significant correlation, although not straight, is demonstrated between Δ% of food energy, supplied after processing through the dietary BFMNU method, and the Δ% of body mass, obtained following the dietetic path.

Published
2018
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30. The vaginal isolate Lactobacillus paracasei LPC-S01 (DSM 26760) is suitable for oral administration.

Author

Balzaretti S, Taverniti V, Rondini G, Marcolegio G, Minuzzo M, Remagni MC, Fiore W, Arioli S, and Guglielmetti S

Abstract

Bacterial vaginosis is one of the most common urogenital diseases affecting women in reproductive age. The administration of probiotics as vaginal suppository has been proposed as a strategy to cure this condition and reduce its recurrence. Nonetheless, also oral consumption of probiotics, which is a more practical route of administration, proved to be an efficient strategy. In this perspective, we studied Lactobacillus paracasei LPC-S01 (DSM 26760), a human vaginal isolate included in commercial probiotic preparations for topical use, in order to assess if this bacterium can also perform as gastrointestinal probiotic. Comparative genomics revealed the presence of several accessory genes suggesting that LPC-S01 is a niche-generalist member of its species. According to a procedure conventionally used to predict the probiotic potential, we demonstrated that the probiotic properties of strain LPC-S01, with respect to those of the well-known probiotic references L. paracasei Shirota and DG, are equal for the bile tolerance and the reduction of NF-κB activation in Caco-2 cells, or superior for the tolerance to gastric juice and the adhesion to Caco-2 epithelial cells. We then demonstrated that LPC-S01 is susceptible to antibiotics indicated by EFSA and does not produce biogenic amines. Finally, a double-blind cross-over pilot intervention trial on healthy human volunteers showed that, after a 7-days oral consumption of capsules containing about 24 billion live cells, the fecal cell concentrations of strains LPC-S01 and DG (evaluated by qPCR) were not dissimilar. Specifically, both probiotics' cell concentrations were above the detection limit for an average of 5 days from the end of the treatment, corresponding to a mean number of evacuations of 7 ± 2. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the vaginal isolate L. paracasei LPC-S01 possesses safety and functional properties that may support its use as probiotic to be administered per os for potential intestinal as well as vaginal applications.

Published
2015
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32. Telemedicine in the management of young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a follow-up study.

Author

d'Annunzio G, Bellazzi R, Larizza C, Montani S, Pennati C, Castelnovi C, Stefanelli M, Rondini G, and Lorini R

Subjects
Adolescent, Blood Glucose analysis, Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring, Child, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 blood, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 drug therapy, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 prevention & control, Diabetic Angiopathies prevention & control, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin analysis, Hospital Departments, Humans, Insulin adverse effects, Insulin therapeutic use, Italy, Male, Patient Education as Topic, Pilot Projects, Program Evaluation, Time Factors, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 therapy, Insulin administration & dosage, Telemedicine organization & administration
Abstract

DCCT (Diabetes Control and Complications Trial) study showed that tight metabolic control of diabetes mellitus can delay the onset and/or reduce the frequency of vascular complications. Telemedicine, i.e. telecommunications and information technologies in health care, is a useful tool to achieve the DCCT goals. Our European Community (EC) sponsored Telematic management of Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (T-IDDM) project implements a telemedicine service through on a careful analysis of current medical practice. The system is based on two components: Patient Unit (PU) and Medical Unit (MU) connected by a Telecommunication system (TS). PU allows data collection and transmission from the patient's house to the hospital, assists self-monitoring activity and suggests insulin variations. PU communicates patient's current metabolic state the MU. MU assists the physician in periodic evaluation and suggests the prescriptions to communicate back defining a treatment protocol. TS system is based on telephone lines, relying on the Intranet technology. To test the system functionality and potential impact in type 1 diabetes clinical practice, we enrolled 6 patients (4 males and 2 females), aged 9.9-15.8 yrs, with disease duration 2.1-6.4 yrs, intensively treated. One girl run out after a 1-year follow-up HbA1c levels decreased, but not significantly. Insulin requirement reduced, significantly in 2 patients (p = 0.02 and p = 0.07). A positive correlation was between number of links and protocol changes (p = 0.01), between number of protocols changes and HbA1c decrease (p = 0.02). In pediatric patients periodical visits are necessary, but T-IDDM enables continuity of care improving access and activities. An index is represented by the high number of messages between the 2 Units, seeming weekly exchange.

Published
2003

33. Immunophenotypic changes of fetal cord blood hematopoietic progenitor cells during gestation.

Author

Gasparoni A, Ciardelli L, Avanzini MA, Bonfichi M, di Mario M, Piazzi G, Martinotti L, Vanelli L, Rondini G, and Chirico G

Subjects
Antigens, CD immunology, Cell Division immunology, Female, Fetal Blood cytology, Hematopoietic Stem Cells cytology, Humans, Immunophenotyping, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Pregnancy, Fetal Blood immunology, Hematopoietic Stem Cells immunology
Abstract

We measured cell surface expression of CD34, HLA-DR, CD38, CD19, CD33, CD71, and CD45 antigens in the hematopoietic progenitor cells of fetal cord blood to investigate immunophenotypic changes at different gestational ages. These antigens were identified by flow cytometry in 11 fetuses (gestational age 19-24 wk, in 12 preterm (25-28 wk) and in ten newborn infants born at term. The frequency and number of CD34+ cells were higher in the blood of the 11 fetuses; in addition, a statistically significant inverse correlation between number of CD34+ cells and advancing gestational age was noted. The numbers of CD34+ CD19+, CD34+ CD33+, and CD34+ CD45+ coexpressing cells were significantly higher in the fetuses, whereas CD34+ CD38+ cells were more represented in the neonates at term. Gestational age was inversely correlated with the number of CD34+ CD19+ and CD34+ CD33+ coexpressing cells. A positive correlation between gestational age and CD34+ CD38+ cells was noted. The number of CD34- CD19+, CD34- CD38+, and CD34- CD45+ cells was higher in term infants; furthermore, a significant correlation between advancing gestational age and CD34- CD38+ or CD34- CD45+ cells was demonstrated. The proliferative capacity was also higher at lower gestational ages. These data suggest that the development and lineage commitment of fetal cord blood hematopoietic progenitor cells are very active during the last two trimesters of pregnancy. The most significant changes of hematopoietic cells maturation seem to occur within 25 wk of gestation.

Published
2000
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34. Activity of classical and alternative pathways of complement in preterm and small for gestational age infants.

Author

Notarangelo LD, Chirico G, Chiara A, Colombo A, Rondini G, Plebani A, Martini A, and Ugazio AG

Subjects
Complement C3 metabolism, Complement Factor B metabolism, Female, Humans, Immunoglobulin G, Infant, Low Birth Weight, Infant, Newborn, Male, Complement Activation, Complement Pathway, Alternative, Complement Pathway, Classical, Infant, Premature, Infant, Small for Gestational Age
Abstract

Complement activity was compared in 50 low birth weight infants divided into appropriate and small for gestational age groups; the influence of birth weight and gestational age on complement development was also investigated. CH50 and kinetics (tH50) of both classical and alternative pathway activity of complement, C3, and Factor B levels were significantly higher in small for gestational age infants (classical pathway CH50, 630 HU/ml +/- 184 SD; CP tH50, 77 min +/- 47; aternative pathway CH50, 44.8 HU/ml +/- 11.3; AP tH50, 56 min +/- 43; C3, 73.98 mg/dl +/- 12.68; and Factor B, 13.17 mg/dl +/- 3.67) than in weight-matched appropriate for gestational age infants (CP CH50, 523 HU/ml +/- 152; CP tH50, 105 min +/- 49; AP CH50, 38.8 HU/ml +/- 13; AP tH50, 90 min +/- 53; C3, 58.14 mg/dl +/- 9.43; and Factor B, 9.32 mg/dl +/- 1.73). Complement values were lower in low birth weight infants than in adult controls (P less than 0.001 in all cases). All complement parameters were mainly correlated with gestational age; CH50 values of the classical and alternative pathways were also highly correlated with each other (r = 0.64; P less than 0.001). Low birth weight infants, especially preterm infants, have an important defect of complement activity. Complement factors increase gradually during gestation and intrauterine growth retardation does not affect complement development. Classical and alternative complement pathway activities have a similar development pattern.

Published
1984
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