10 results on '"Romero-Saltos H"'
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2. Altitudinal analysis of carbon stocks in the Antisana páramo, Ecuadorian Andes
- Author
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Minaya, V. Corzo, G. Romero-Saltos, H. Van Der Kwast, J. Lantinga, E. Galárraga-Sánchez, R. Mynett, A. and Minaya, V. Corzo, G. Romero-Saltos, H. Van Der Kwast, J. Lantinga, E. Galárraga-Sánchez, R. Mynett, A.
- Abstract
Aims The importance of quantifying carbon stocks in terrestrial ecosystems is crucial for determining climate change dynamics. However, the present regional assessments of carbon stocks in tropical grasslands are extrapolated to unsampled areas with a high degree of uncertainty and without considering the carbon and nitrogen composition of vegetation and soil along altitudinal ranges. This study aims to assess carbon and nitrogen concentrations in soil and vegetation, aboveground carbon stocks distribution and soil organic carbon stocks along an altitudinal range in the páramo region in the Ecuadorian Andes. Methods The vegetation inventory was conducted using 15×15 m sampling plots distributed in three altitudinal ranges. Based on the patterns exhibited by the dominant vegetation growth forms, biomass and soil were sampled to quantify the corresponding carbon and nitrogen concentrations. Subsequently, the aboveground live biomass along the páramo altitudinal range was estimated using allometric equations. Finally, soil and vegetation carbon stocks were estimated for the entire basin. Important Findings Altitudinal analysis supported a potential distribution of carbon and nitrogen concentrations in soil, litter and live tissues, where higher concentrations were found in the low altitudinal range mainly for tussocks and acaulescent rosettes. Cellulose in litter showed higher concentrations at low altitudinal ranges for acaulescent rosettes and cushions only. For the same growth forms, lignin patterns in litter were higher in high altitudinal ranges. Soil texture provided complementary information: high percentage of silt was highly correlated to high soil nitrogen and carbon concentration. Tussocks were found to be responsive to altitude with their, highest aboveground carbon stocks occurring at the low altitudinal range, but cushions and acaulescent rosettes responded differently. The established relationships among soil, vegetation and altitude shown in this study
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Annual rainfall and seasonality predict pan-tropical patterns of liana density and basal area
- Author
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Dewalt, S.J., Schnitzer, S.A., Chave, J., Bongers, F., Burnham, R.J., Cai, Zhihua, Chuyong, G., Clark, D.B., Ewango, C.E.N., Gerwing, J.J., Gortaire, E., Hart, T., Ibarra-Manriquez, G., Ickes, K., Kenfack, D., Macia, M.J., Makana, J.R., Martinez-Ramos, M., Mascaro, J., Moses, S., Muller-Landau, H.C., Parren, M.P.E., Parthasarathy, N., Perez-Salicrup, D.R., Putz, F.E., Romero-Saltos, H., Thomas, D., Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Analytical and Biophysical Environmental Chemistry (CABE), and University of Geneva, Sciences II
- Subjects
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2010
4. An estimate of the number of tropical tree species
- Author
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Slik, J.W.F., Arroyo-Rodríguez, V., Aiba, Shin-Ichiro, Álvarez Loayza, P., Alvese, L.F., Ashton, P., Balvanera, Patricia, Bastian, M.L., Bellingham, P.J., Berg, E. van den, Bernacci, L., Conceição Bispo, P.da, Blanc, Lilian, Bohning-Gaese, K., Boeckx, P., Bongers, F., Boyle, B., Bradford, M., Brearley, F.Q., Hockemba, M.B.-N., Bunyavejchewin, S., Matos, D.C.L., Castillo-Santiago, M., Catharino, E.L.M., Chai, S.L., Chen, Y., Colwell, R.K., Robin, C.L., Clark, C., Clark, D.B., Clark, D.A., Culmsee, H., Damas, K., Dattaraja, H.S., Dauby, G., Davidar, P., DeWalt, S.J., Doucet, J.L., Duque, A., Durigan, G., Eichhorn, K.A.O., Eisenlohr, P.V., Eler, E., Ewango, C.E.N., Farwig, N., Feeley, K.J., Ferreira, L., Field, R., Oliveira Filho, A.T. de, Fletcher, C., Forshed, O., Franco, G., Fredriksson, G., Gillespie, T., Gillet, J.F., Amarnath, Giriraj, Griffith, D.M., Grogan, J., Gunatilleke, N., Harris, D., Harrison, R., Hector, A., Homeier, J., Imai, N., Itoh, A., Jansen, P.A., Joly, C.A., Jong, B.H.J. de, Kartawinata, K., Kearsley, E., Kelly, D.L., Kenfack, D., Kessler, M., Kitayama, K., Kooyman, R., Larney, E., Laumonier, Y., Laurance, S.G.W., Laurance, W.F., Lawes, M.J., Amaral, I.L.do, Letcher, S.G., Lindsell, J., Lu, X., Mansor, A., Marjokorpi, A., Martin, E.H., Meilby, H., Melo, F.P.L., Metcalfea, D.J., Medjibe, V.P., Metzger, J.P., Millet, J., Mohandass, D., Montero, J.C., Morisson Valeriano, M. de, Mugerwa, B., Nagamasu, H., Nilus, R., Onrizal, S.O.G., Page, N., Parolin, P., Parren, M., Parthasarathy, N., Paudel, E., Permana, A., Piedade, M.T.F., Pitman, N.C.A., Poorter, L., Poulsen, A.D., Poulsen, J., Powers, J., Prasad, R.C., Puyravaud, J.-P., Razafimahaimodison, J.C., Reitsma, J., Santos, J.R. dos, Spironello, W.R., Romero Saltos, H., Rovero, F., Rozak, A.H., Ruokolainen, K., Rutishauser, E., Saiter, F., Saner, P., Santos, B.A., Santos, F., Sarker, S.K., Satdichanh, M., Schmitt, C.B., Schongart, J., Schulze, M., Suganuma, M.S., Sheil, Douglas, Silva Pinheiro, E.da, Sist, P., Stevart, T., Sukumar, R., Sun, I.-F., Sunderland, Terry C.H., Suresh, H.S., Suzuki, E., Tabarelli, M., Tang, J., Targhetta, N., Theilade, I., Thomas, D.W., Tchouto, P., Hurtado, J., Valencia, R., Valkenburg, J.L.C.H. van, Van Do, T., Vásquez, R., Verbeeck, H., Adekunle, V., Vieira, S.A., Webb, C.O., Whitfeld, T., Wich, S.A., Williams, J., Wittmann, F., Woll, H., Yang, X., Yao, C.Y.A., Yap, S.L., Yoneda, T., Zahawi, R.A., Zakaria, R., Zang, R., Assis, R.L. de, Luize, B.G., Venticinque, E.M., Slik, J.W.F., Arroyo-Rodríguez, V., Aiba, Shin-Ichiro, Álvarez Loayza, P., Alvese, L.F., Ashton, P., Balvanera, Patricia, Bastian, M.L., Bellingham, P.J., Berg, E. van den, Bernacci, L., Conceição Bispo, P.da, Blanc, Lilian, Bohning-Gaese, K., Boeckx, P., Bongers, F., Boyle, B., Bradford, M., Brearley, F.Q., Hockemba, M.B.-N., Bunyavejchewin, S., Matos, D.C.L., Castillo-Santiago, M., Catharino, E.L.M., Chai, S.L., Chen, Y., Colwell, R.K., Robin, C.L., Clark, C., Clark, D.B., Clark, D.A., Culmsee, H., Damas, K., Dattaraja, H.S., Dauby, G., Davidar, P., DeWalt, S.J., Doucet, J.L., Duque, A., Durigan, G., Eichhorn, K.A.O., Eisenlohr, P.V., Eler, E., Ewango, C.E.N., Farwig, N., Feeley, K.J., Ferreira, L., Field, R., Oliveira Filho, A.T. de, Fletcher, C., Forshed, O., Franco, G., Fredriksson, G., Gillespie, T., Gillet, J.F., Amarnath, Giriraj, Griffith, D.M., Grogan, J., Gunatilleke, N., Harris, D., Harrison, R., Hector, A., Homeier, J., Imai, N., Itoh, A., Jansen, P.A., Joly, C.A., Jong, B.H.J. de, Kartawinata, K., Kearsley, E., Kelly, D.L., Kenfack, D., Kessler, M., Kitayama, K., Kooyman, R., Larney, E., Laumonier, Y., Laurance, S.G.W., Laurance, W.F., Lawes, M.J., Amaral, I.L.do, Letcher, S.G., Lindsell, J., Lu, X., Mansor, A., Marjokorpi, A., Martin, E.H., Meilby, H., Melo, F.P.L., Metcalfea, D.J., Medjibe, V.P., Metzger, J.P., Millet, J., Mohandass, D., Montero, J.C., Morisson Valeriano, M. de, Mugerwa, B., Nagamasu, H., Nilus, R., Onrizal, S.O.G., Page, N., Parolin, P., Parren, M., Parthasarathy, N., Paudel, E., Permana, A., Piedade, M.T.F., Pitman, N.C.A., Poorter, L., Poulsen, A.D., Poulsen, J., Powers, J., Prasad, R.C., Puyravaud, J.-P., Razafimahaimodison, J.C., Reitsma, J., Santos, J.R. dos, Spironello, W.R., Romero Saltos, H., Rovero, F., Rozak, A.H., Ruokolainen, K., Rutishauser, E., Saiter, F., Saner, P., Santos, B.A., Santos, F., Sarker, S.K., Satdichanh, M., Schmitt, C.B., Schongart, J., Schulze, M., Suganuma, M.S., Sheil, Douglas, Silva Pinheiro, E.da, Sist, P., Stevart, T., Sukumar, R., Sun, I.-F., Sunderland, Terry C.H., Suresh, H.S., Suzuki, E., Tabarelli, M., Tang, J., Targhetta, N., Theilade, I., Thomas, D.W., Tchouto, P., Hurtado, J., Valencia, R., Valkenburg, J.L.C.H. van, Van Do, T., Vásquez, R., Verbeeck, H., Adekunle, V., Vieira, S.A., Webb, C.O., Whitfeld, T., Wich, S.A., Williams, J., Wittmann, F., Woll, H., Yang, X., Yao, C.Y.A., Yap, S.L., Yoneda, T., Zahawi, R.A., Zakaria, R., Zang, R., Assis, R.L. de, Luize, B.G., and Venticinque, E.M.
5. An estimate of the number of tropical tree species
- Author
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Slik, J.W.F., Arroyo-Rodríguez, V., Aiba, Shin-Ichiro, Álvarez Loayza, P., Alvese, L.F., Ashton, P., Balvanera, Patricia, Bastian, M.L., Bellingham, P.J., Berg, E. van den, Bernacci, L., Conceição Bispo, P.da, Blanc, Lilian, Bohning-Gaese, K., Boeckx, P., Bongers, F., Boyle, B., Bradford, M., Brearley, F.Q., Hockemba, M.B.-N., Bunyavejchewin, S., Matos, D.C.L., Castillo-Santiago, M., Catharino, E.L.M., Chai, S.L., Chen, Y., Colwell, R.K., Robin, C.L., Clark, C., Clark, D.B., Clark, D.A., Culmsee, H., Damas, K., Dattaraja, H.S., Dauby, G., Davidar, P., DeWalt, S.J., Doucet, J.L., Duque, A., Durigan, G., Eichhorn, K.A.O., Eisenlohr, P.V., Eler, E., Ewango, C.E.N., Farwig, N., Feeley, K.J., Ferreira, L., Field, R., Oliveira Filho, A.T. de, Fletcher, C., Forshed, O., Franco, G., Fredriksson, G., Gillespie, T., Gillet, J.F., Amarnath, Giriraj, Griffith, D.M., Grogan, J., Gunatilleke, N., Harris, D., Harrison, R., Hector, A., Homeier, J., Imai, N., Itoh, A., Jansen, P.A., Joly, C.A., Jong, B.H.J. de, Kartawinata, K., Kearsley, E., Kelly, D.L., Kenfack, D., Kessler, M., Kitayama, K., Kooyman, R., Larney, E., Laumonier, Y., Laurance, S.G.W., Laurance, W.F., Lawes, M.J., Amaral, I.L.do, Letcher, S.G., Lindsell, J., Lu, X., Mansor, A., Marjokorpi, A., Martin, E.H., Meilby, H., Melo, F.P.L., Metcalfea, D.J., Medjibe, V.P., Metzger, J.P., Millet, J., Mohandass, D., Montero, J.C., Morisson Valeriano, M. de, Mugerwa, B., Nagamasu, H., Nilus, R., Onrizal, S.O.G., Page, N., Parolin, P., Parren, M., Parthasarathy, N., Paudel, E., Permana, A., Piedade, M.T.F., Pitman, N.C.A., Poorter, L., Poulsen, A.D., Poulsen, J., Powers, J., Prasad, R.C., Puyravaud, J.-P., Razafimahaimodison, J.C., Reitsma, J., Santos, J.R. dos, Spironello, W.R., Romero Saltos, H., Rovero, F., Rozak, A.H., Ruokolainen, K., Rutishauser, E., Saiter, F., Saner, P., Santos, B.A., Santos, F., Sarker, S.K., Satdichanh, M., Schmitt, C.B., Schongart, J., Schulze, M., Suganuma, M.S., Sheil, Douglas, Silva Pinheiro, E.da, Sist, P., Stevart, T., Sukumar, R., Sun, I.-F., Sunderland, Terry C.H., Suresh, H.S., Suzuki, E., Tabarelli, M., Tang, J., Targhetta, N., Theilade, I., Thomas, D.W., Tchouto, P., Hurtado, J., Valencia, R., Valkenburg, J.L.C.H. van, Van Do, T., Vásquez, R., Verbeeck, H., Adekunle, V., Vieira, S.A., Webb, C.O., Whitfeld, T., Wich, S.A., Williams, J., Wittmann, F., Woll, H., Yang, X., Yao, C.Y.A., Yap, S.L., Yoneda, T., Zahawi, R.A., Zakaria, R., Zang, R., Assis, R.L. de, Luize, B.G., Venticinque, E.M., Slik, J.W.F., Arroyo-Rodríguez, V., Aiba, Shin-Ichiro, Álvarez Loayza, P., Alvese, L.F., Ashton, P., Balvanera, Patricia, Bastian, M.L., Bellingham, P.J., Berg, E. van den, Bernacci, L., Conceição Bispo, P.da, Blanc, Lilian, Bohning-Gaese, K., Boeckx, P., Bongers, F., Boyle, B., Bradford, M., Brearley, F.Q., Hockemba, M.B.-N., Bunyavejchewin, S., Matos, D.C.L., Castillo-Santiago, M., Catharino, E.L.M., Chai, S.L., Chen, Y., Colwell, R.K., Robin, C.L., Clark, C., Clark, D.B., Clark, D.A., Culmsee, H., Damas, K., Dattaraja, H.S., Dauby, G., Davidar, P., DeWalt, S.J., Doucet, J.L., Duque, A., Durigan, G., Eichhorn, K.A.O., Eisenlohr, P.V., Eler, E., Ewango, C.E.N., Farwig, N., Feeley, K.J., Ferreira, L., Field, R., Oliveira Filho, A.T. de, Fletcher, C., Forshed, O., Franco, G., Fredriksson, G., Gillespie, T., Gillet, J.F., Amarnath, Giriraj, Griffith, D.M., Grogan, J., Gunatilleke, N., Harris, D., Harrison, R., Hector, A., Homeier, J., Imai, N., Itoh, A., Jansen, P.A., Joly, C.A., Jong, B.H.J. de, Kartawinata, K., Kearsley, E., Kelly, D.L., Kenfack, D., Kessler, M., Kitayama, K., Kooyman, R., Larney, E., Laumonier, Y., Laurance, S.G.W., Laurance, W.F., Lawes, M.J., Amaral, I.L.do, Letcher, S.G., Lindsell, J., Lu, X., Mansor, A., Marjokorpi, A., Martin, E.H., Meilby, H., Melo, F.P.L., Metcalfea, D.J., Medjibe, V.P., Metzger, J.P., Millet, J., Mohandass, D., Montero, J.C., Morisson Valeriano, M. de, Mugerwa, B., Nagamasu, H., Nilus, R., Onrizal, S.O.G., Page, N., Parolin, P., Parren, M., Parthasarathy, N., Paudel, E., Permana, A., Piedade, M.T.F., Pitman, N.C.A., Poorter, L., Poulsen, A.D., Poulsen, J., Powers, J., Prasad, R.C., Puyravaud, J.-P., Razafimahaimodison, J.C., Reitsma, J., Santos, J.R. dos, Spironello, W.R., Romero Saltos, H., Rovero, F., Rozak, A.H., Ruokolainen, K., Rutishauser, E., Saiter, F., Saner, P., Santos, B.A., Santos, F., Sarker, S.K., Satdichanh, M., Schmitt, C.B., Schongart, J., Schulze, M., Suganuma, M.S., Sheil, Douglas, Silva Pinheiro, E.da, Sist, P., Stevart, T., Sukumar, R., Sun, I.-F., Sunderland, Terry C.H., Suresh, H.S., Suzuki, E., Tabarelli, M., Tang, J., Targhetta, N., Theilade, I., Thomas, D.W., Tchouto, P., Hurtado, J., Valencia, R., Valkenburg, J.L.C.H. van, Van Do, T., Vásquez, R., Verbeeck, H., Adekunle, V., Vieira, S.A., Webb, C.O., Whitfeld, T., Wich, S.A., Williams, J., Wittmann, F., Woll, H., Yang, X., Yao, C.Y.A., Yap, S.L., Yoneda, T., Zahawi, R.A., Zakaria, R., Zang, R., Assis, R.L. de, Luize, B.G., and Venticinque, E.M.
6. No strong evidence for increasing liana abundance in the Myristicaceae of a Neotropical aseasonal rain forest.
- Author
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Smith JR, Queenborough SA, Alvia P, Romero-Saltos H, and Valencia R
- Subjects
- Ecosystem, Ecuador, Rain, Trees, Tropical Climate, Myristicaceae physiology, Rainforest
- Abstract
The "liana dominance hypothesis" posits that lianas are increasing in abundance in tropical forests, thereby potentially reducing tree biomass due to competitive interactions between trees and lianas. This scenario has implications not only for forest ecosystem function and species composition, but also climate change given the mass of carbon stored in tropical trees. In 2003 and 2013, all Myristicaceae trees in the 50-ha Yasuní Forest Dynamics Plot, Ecuador, were surveyed for liana presence and load in their crowns. We tested the hypothesis that the proportion of trees with lianas increased between 2003 and 2013 in line with the liana dominance hypothesis. Contrary to expectations, the total proportion of trees with lianas decreased from 35% to 32%, and when only trees ≥10 cm diameter at breast height were considered liana incidence increased 44-48%. Liana load was dynamic with a large proportion of trees losing or gaining lianas over the 10-yr period; large trees with intermediate liana loads increased in proportion at the expense of those with low and high loads. Lianas also impacted performance: trees with 26-75% crown cover by lianas in 2003 had reduced growth rates of 80% compared to of liana-free trees, and trees with >75% crown cover had 33% the growth rate and a log odds of mortality eight times that of liana-free trees. We suggest that the lack of strong support found for the liana dominance hypothesis is likely due to the aseasonal climate of Yasuní, which limits the competitive advantage lianas maintain over trees during dry seasons due to their efficient capture and use of water. We propose further research of long-term liana dynamics from aseasonal forests is required to determine the generality of the increasing liana dominance hypothesis in Neotropical forests., (© 2016 by the Ecological Society of America.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Limited carbon and biodiversity co-benefits for tropical forest mammals and birds.
- Author
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Beaudrot L, Kroetz K, Alvarez-Loayza P, Amaral E, Breuer T, Fletcher C, Jansen PA, Kenfack D, Lima MG, Marshall AR, Martin EH, Ndoundou-Hockemba M, O'Brien T, Razafimahaimodison JC, Romero-Saltos H, Rovero F, Roy CH, Sheil D, Silva CE, Spironello WR, Valencia R, Zvoleff A, Ahumada J, and Andelman S
- Subjects
- Animals, Conservation of Natural Resources, Environmental Monitoring, Biodiversity, Birds physiology, Carbon, Forests, Mammals physiology, Tropical Climate
- Abstract
The conservation of tropical forest carbon stocks offers the opportunity to curb climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and simultaneously conserve biodiversity. However, there has been considerable debate about the extent to which carbon stock conservation will provide benefits to biodiversity in part because whether forests that contain high carbon density in their aboveground biomass also contain high animal diversity is unknown. Here, we empirically examined medium to large bodied ground-dwelling mammal and bird (hereafter "wildlife") diversity and carbon stock levels within the tropics using camera trap and vegetation data from a pantropical network of sites. Specifically, we tested whether tropical forests that stored more carbon contained higher wildlife species richness, taxonomic diversity, and trait diversity. We found that carbon stocks were not a significant predictor for any of these three measures of diversity, which suggests that benefits for wildlife diversity will not be maximized unless wildlife diversity is explicitly taken into account; prioritizing carbon stocks alone will not necessarily meet biodiversity conservation goals. We recommend conservation planning that considers both objectives because there is the potential for more wildlife diversity and carbon stock conservation to be achieved for the same total budget if both objectives are pursued in tandem rather than independently. Tropical forests with low elevation variability and low tree density supported significantly higher wildlife diversity. These tropical forest characteristics may provide more affordable proxies of wildlife diversity for future multi-objective conservation planning when fine scale data on wildlife are lacking.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Standardized Assessment of Biodiversity Trends in Tropical Forest Protected Areas: The End Is Not in Sight.
- Author
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Beaudrot L, Ahumada JA, O'Brien T, Alvarez-Loayza P, Boekee K, Campos-Arceiz A, Eichberg D, Espinosa S, Fegraus E, Fletcher C, Gajapersad K, Hallam C, Hurtado J, Jansen PA, Kumar A, Larney E, Lima MG, Mahony C, Martin EH, McWilliam A, Mugerwa B, Ndoundou-Hockemba M, Razafimahaimodison JC, Romero-Saltos H, Rovero F, Salvador J, Santos F, Sheil D, Spironello WR, Willig MR, Winarni NL, Zvoleff A, and Andelman SJ
- Subjects
- Animals, Ecology methods, Tropical Climate, Biodiversity, Birds, Conservation of Natural Resources, Forests, Mammals
- Abstract
Extinction rates in the Anthropocene are three orders of magnitude higher than background and disproportionately occur in the tropics, home of half the world's species. Despite global efforts to combat tropical species extinctions, lack of high-quality, objective information on tropical biodiversity has hampered quantitative evaluation of conservation strategies. In particular, the scarcity of population-level monitoring in tropical forests has stymied assessment of biodiversity outcomes, such as the status and trends of animal populations in protected areas. Here, we evaluate occupancy trends for 511 populations of terrestrial mammals and birds, representing 244 species from 15 tropical forest protected areas on three continents. For the first time to our knowledge, we use annual surveys from tropical forests worldwide that employ a standardized camera trapping protocol, and we compute data analytics that correct for imperfect detection. We found that occupancy declined in 22%, increased in 17%, and exhibited no change in 22% of populations during the last 3-8 years, while 39% of populations were detected too infrequently to assess occupancy changes. Despite extensive variability in occupancy trends, these 15 tropical protected areas have not exhibited systematic declines in biodiversity (i.e., occupancy, richness, or evenness) at the community level. Our results differ from reports of widespread biodiversity declines based on aggregated secondary data and expert opinion and suggest less extreme deterioration in tropical forest protected areas. We simultaneously fill an important conservation data gap and demonstrate the value of large-scale monitoring infrastructure and powerful analytics, which can be scaled to incorporate additional sites, ecosystems, and monitoring methods. In an era of catastrophic biodiversity loss, robust indicators produced from standardized monitoring infrastructure are critical to accurately assess population outcomes and identify conservation strategies that can avert biodiversity collapse.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. An estimate of the number of tropical tree species.
- Author
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Slik JW, Arroyo-Rodríguez V, Aiba S, Alvarez-Loayza P, Alves LF, Ashton P, Balvanera P, Bastian ML, Bellingham PJ, van den Berg E, Bernacci L, da Conceição Bispo P, Blanc L, Böhning-Gaese K, Boeckx P, Bongers F, Boyle B, Bradford M, Brearley FQ, Breuer-Ndoundou Hockemba M, Bunyavejchewin S, Calderado Leal Matos D, Castillo-Santiago M, Catharino EL, Chai SL, Chen Y, Colwell RK, Chazdon RL, Clark C, Clark DB, Clark DA, Culmsee H, Damas K, Dattaraja HS, Dauby G, Davidar P, DeWalt SJ, Doucet JL, Duque A, Durigan G, Eichhorn KA, Eisenlohr PV, Eler E, Ewango C, Farwig N, Feeley KJ, Ferreira L, Field R, de Oliveira Filho AT, Fletcher C, Forshed O, Franco G, Fredriksson G, Gillespie T, Gillet JF, Amarnath G, Griffith DM, Grogan J, Gunatilleke N, Harris D, Harrison R, Hector A, Homeier J, Imai N, Itoh A, Jansen PA, Joly CA, de Jong BH, Kartawinata K, Kearsley E, Kelly DL, Kenfack D, Kessler M, Kitayama K, Kooyman R, Larney E, Laumonier Y, Laurance S, Laurance WF, Lawes MJ, Amaral IL, Letcher SG, Lindsell J, Lu X, Mansor A, Marjokorpi A, Martin EH, Meilby H, Melo FP, Metcalfe DJ, Medjibe VP, Metzger JP, Millet J, Mohandass D, Montero JC, de Morisson Valeriano M, Mugerwa B, Nagamasu H, Nilus R, Ochoa-Gaona S, Onrizal, Page N, Parolin P, Parren M, Parthasarathy N, Paudel E, Permana A, Piedade MT, Pitman NC, Poorter L, Poulsen AD, Poulsen J, Powers J, Prasad RC, Puyravaud JP, Razafimahaimodison JC, Reitsma J, Dos Santos JR, Roberto Spironello W, Romero-Saltos H, Rovero F, Rozak AH, Ruokolainen K, Rutishauser E, Saiter F, Saner P, Santos BA, Santos F, Sarker SK, Satdichanh M, Schmitt CB, Schöngart J, Schulze M, Suganuma MS, Sheil D, da Silva Pinheiro E, Sist P, Stevart T, Sukumar R, Sun IF, Sunderland T, Suresh HS, Suzuki E, Tabarelli M, Tang J, Targhetta N, Theilade I, Thomas DW, Tchouto P, Hurtado J, Valencia R, van Valkenburg JL, Van Do T, Vasquez R, Verbeeck H, Adekunle V, Vieira SA, Webb CO, Whitfeld T, Wich SA, Williams J, Wittmann F, Wöll H, Yang X, Adou Yao CY, Yap SL, Yoneda T, Zahawi RA, Zakaria R, Zang R, de Assis RL, Garcia Luize B, and Venticinque EM
- Subjects
- Conservation of Natural Resources, Databases, Factual, Ecosystem, Phylogeography, Rainforest, Species Specificity, Statistics, Nonparametric, Biodiversity, Forests, Trees classification, Tropical Climate
- Abstract
The high species richness of tropical forests has long been recognized, yet there remains substantial uncertainty regarding the actual number of tropical tree species. Using a pantropical tree inventory database from closed canopy forests, consisting of 657,630 trees belonging to 11,371 species, we use a fitted value of Fisher's alpha and an approximate pantropical stem total to estimate the minimum number of tropical forest tree species to fall between ∼ 40,000 and ∼ 53,000, i.e., at the high end of previous estimates. Contrary to common assumption, the Indo-Pacific region was found to be as species-rich as the Neotropics, with both regions having a minimum of ∼ 19,000-25,000 tree species. Continental Africa is relatively depauperate with a minimum of ∼ 4,500-6,000 tree species. Very few species are shared among the African, American, and the Indo-Pacific regions. We provide a methodological framework for estimating species richness in trees that may help refine species richness estimates of tree-dependent taxa.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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10. Rainfall exclusion in an eastern Amazonian forest alters soil water movement and depth of water uptake.
- Author
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Romero-Saltos H, Sternberg Lda S, Moreira MZ, and Nepstad DC
- Abstract
Deuterium-labeled water was used to study the effect of the Tapajós Throughfall Exclusion Experiment (TTEE) on soil moisture movement and on depth of water uptake by trees of Coussarea racemosa, Sclerolobium chrysophyllum, and Eschweilera pedicellata. The TTEE simulates an extended dry season in an eastern Amazonian rainforest, a plausible scenario if the El Niño phenomenon changes with climate change. The TTEE excludes 60% of the wet season throughfall from a 1-ha plot (treatment), while the control 1-ha plot receives precipitation year-round. Mean percolation rate of the label peak in the control plot was greater than in the treatment plot during the wet season (0.75 vs. 0.07 m/mo). The rate was similar for both plots during the dry season (ca. 0.15 m/mo), indicative that both plots have similar topsoil structure. Interestingly, the label peak in the control plot during the dry season migrated upward an average distance of 64 cm. We show that water probably moved upward through soil pores-i.e., it did not involve roots (hydraulic lift)-most likely because of a favorable gradient of total (matric + gravitational) potential coupled with sufficient unsaturated hydraulic conductivity. Water probably also moved upward in the treatment plot, but was not detectable; the label in this plot did not percolate below 1 m or beyond the depth of plant water uptake. During the dry season, trees in the rainfall exclusion plot, regardless of species, consistently absorbed water significantly deeper, but never below 1.5-2 m, than trees in the control plot, and therefore may represent expected root function of this understory/subcanopy tree community during extended dry periods.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
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