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1. Floristic composition and plant functional type diversity of the basalt cliffs of Western Ghats, India

Author

Vijayan Smrithy, Aboli Kulkarni, Bhushan K. Shigwan, Rohan Shetti, and Mandar N. Datar

Subjects
Plant functional types, Northern Western Ghats, Rock outcrop, Environmental filtering, Poikilohydry, Cliff flora, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Cliffs in India, as understudied rock outcrops, provide valuable opportunities for studying plant communities. This study quantifies the plant communities on basalt cliff faces in the Northern Western Ghats (NWG) region of India, aiming to explore floristic composition and examine vegetation responses to environmental variations. We employed the Plant Functional Types (PFTs) classification system, which is particularly well-suited for the unique characteristics of the cliff ecosystem. We recorded 231 vascular plant species across 39 locations spanning altitudes from 100 m to 1300 m and latitudes from 15° to 21° N, using the transect-quadrat method. A total of 480 quadrats measuring 1-m² were sampled across 80 transects on the cliff faces. Nine PFTs were identified in NWG cliffs with dominance of carnivores and therophytes. We examined the impact of environmental filters on PFT distribution and their interactions through bivariate and multivariate analyses. Significant variations in PFTs were observed across altitudinal and latitudinal gradients. The principal component analysis identified temperature and precipitation as primary influencers, outweighing altitude and latitude. Redundancy analysis indicated that stress-tolerant PFTs predominated in hotter, drier conditions, whereas stress-avoidant PFTs thrived in areas with higher precipitation, typically found at lower to mid altitudes. Our study underscores a stronger correlation between plant communities on cliff faces and altitude rather than latitude in the NWG. In conclusion, our study elucidates the characteristics of cliff vegetation in the Northern Western Ghats, emphasising the pivotal roles of temperature, precipitation, and seasonality as significant environmental factors influencing plant community structures across our study sites.

Published
2025
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2. Prenatal maternal mental health and resilience in the United Kingdom during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a cross- national comparison

Author

Swarali Datye, Marko Smiljanic, Rohan Shetti, Alison MacRae-Miller, Edwin van Teijlingen, Latha Vinayakarao, Eva M. J. Peters, Catherine Lebel, Lianne Tomfohr-Madsen, Gerald Giesbrecht, Minesh Khashu, and Melanie L. Conrad

Subjects
pregnancy, maternal mental health, depression, anxiety, resilience, social support, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

IntroductionPrenatal mental health problems are associated with morbidity for the pregnant person, and their infants are at long-term risk for poor health outcomes. We aim to explore how the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic affected the mental health of pregnant people in the United Kingdom (UK), and to further identify resilience factors which may have contributed to varying mental health outcomes. We also aim to examine the quality of antenatal care provided during the pandemic in the UK and to identify potential inadequacies to enhance preparedness for future events.MethodsDuring June-November 2020, we recruited 3666 individuals in the UK for the EPPOCH pregnancy cohort (Maternal mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Effect of the Pandemic on Pregnancy Outcomes and Childhood Health). Participants were assessed for depression, anxiety, anger and pregnancy-related anxiety using validated scales. Additionally, physical activity, social support, individualized support and personal coping ability of the respondents were assessed as potential resilience factors.ResultsParticipants reported high levels of depression (57.05%), anxiety (58.04%) and anger (58.05%). Higher levels of social and individualized support and personal coping ability were associated with lower mental health challenges. Additionally, pregnant individuals in the UK experienced higher depression during the pandemic than that reported in Canada. Finally, qualitative analysis revealed that restrictions for partners and support persons during medical appointments as well as poor public health communication led to increased mental health adversities and hindered ability to make medical decisions.DiscussionThis study revealed increased mental health challenges among pregnant individuals in the UK during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. These results highlight the need for reassessing the mental health support measures available to pregnant people in the UK, both during times of crisis and in general.

Published
2024
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3. Do trees on agrarian stone walls respond to contemporary climate warming?

Author

Rohan Shetti, Jiří Lehejček, and Johana Zacharová

Abstract

Agrarian stone walls and associated landscapes are present in different parts of Central and Western Europe. Somewhere they are conserved as valuable components of cultural landscapes whereas elsewhere they do not have any formal conservation status. These stone walls and the habitats connected to them host many old trees, which are potential archives of environmental changes. In the available literature there are practically no studies looking at the archival value of trees on agrarian stone walls. In our study we investigated sycamore maples growing on stone walls in the Ore Mts region of Czechia. We focussed on annual wood growth using dendrochronological methods and carried out pointer year analyses to examine environment-growth relationships. Our main findings suggest moderately heterogeneous growth among individuals within sites but that there is a common environmental response apparent in overall site chronologies. We observed low inter-series correlations within sites but only a fair to moderate Gleichläufigkeit and express population signal among ring width series at most of the study sites. Generally, we revealed mostly significant positive correlations with precipitation and negative correlations with increasing temperatures over the last years. From climate correlations analysis and pointer year analysis we could clearly infer that (1) tree growth on agrarian stone walls at three out of four of our sites is significantly impacted by current climate change and that (2) these trees have a good ecological-archival value because they are sensitive to contemporary warming; they should therefore be identified to be given a relevant conservation status and management.

Published
2022
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4. Growing faster, longer or both? Modelling plastic response of Juniperus communis growth phenology to climate change

Author

Jan Tumajer, Gabriel Sangüesa-Barreda, Rohan Shetti, Jiří Lehejček, Allan Buras, J. Julio Camarero, Marco Carrer, Sean T. Michaletz, Martin Wilmking, and Jan Altman

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, dendrochronology, drought, growing season, juniper, phenology, plasticity, process-based model, shrub, Vaganov–Shashkin model, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, Climate change, Growing season, 01 natural sciences, Shrub, Dendrochronology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, biology, Phenology, ved/biology, biology.organism_classification, ddc, Juniperus communis, Environmental science, Juniper, 010606 plant biology & botany
Published
2021

5. Global plant trait relationships extend to the climatic extremes of the tundra biome

Author

Stef Weijers, Jacob Nabe-Nielsen, William K. Cornwell, Francesca Jaroszynska, Oriol Grau, Daan Blok, Peter Manning, Allan Buras, Tage Vowles, Ann Milbau, Peter B. Reich, Luise Hermanutz, Bo Elberling, Sabine B. Rumpf, Philip A. Wookey, Martin Hallinger, Esther Lévesque, Damien Georges, Bruce C. Forbes, Sigrid Schøler Nielsen, Maitane Iturrate-Garcia, Janet S. Prevéy, Walton A. Green, Josep Peñuelas, Peter Poschlod, F. S. Chapin, Giandiego Campetella, Wim A. Ozinga, Haydn J.D. Thomas, Michele Carbognani, F. T. de Vries, Colleen M. Iversen, Monique M. P. D. Heijmans, Ken D. Tape, Isla H. Myers-Smith, Heather D. Alexander, Josep M. Ninot, Agata Buchwal, Jens Kattge, P.M. van Bodegom, Anu Eskelinen, S. N. Sheremetiev, Nadja Rüger, Vladimir G. Onipchenko, Michael Kleyer, Chelsea J. Little, Trevor C. Lantz, Maxime Tremblay, Sandra Angers-Blondin, Matteo Dainese, Alessandro Petraglia, Robert D. Hollister, James M G Hudson, Katharine N. Suding, Urs A. Treier, Gabriela Schaepman-Strub, Karl Hülber, Brandon S. Schamp, Ülo Niinemets, Marko J. Spasojevic, Benjamin Bond-Lamberty, Marcello Tomaselli, Kevin C. Guay, Alba Anadon-Rosell, Elina Kaarlejärvi, Johannes H. C. Cornelissen, Sarah C. Elmendorf, Michael Bahn, Johan Olofsson, Benjamin Blonder, Anders Michelsen, Sonja Wipf, Jill F. Johnstone, Brody Sandel, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Katherine S. Christie, S. F. Oberbauer, Scott J. Goetz, Rohan Shetti, Joseph M. Craine, Elisabeth J. Cooper, M. te Beest, Gregory H. R. Henry, Yusuke Onoda, Tara Zamin, Mark Vellend, Logan T. Berner, Anne D. Bjorkman, Bruno Enrico Leone Cerabolini, Signe Normand, Pieter S. A. Beck, Robert G. Björk, Christian Rixen, Andrew J. Trant, Juha M. Alatalo, Martin Wilmking, Esther R. Frei, James D. M. Speed, Steven Jansen, Laura Siegwart Collier, Laurent J. Lamarque, Sandra Díaz, Susanna Venn, Aino Kulonen, Paul Grogan, Systems Ecology, Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Spatial Ecology and Global Change, Environmental Sciences, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Research Centre for Ecological Change, and Ecosystem and Landscape Dynamics (IBED, FNWI)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Climate, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Biome, General Physics and Astronomy, Efecte del clima sobre les plantes, 01 natural sciences, Klimatforskning, INTRASPECIFIC VARIABILITY, WIDE-RANGE, SDG 13 - Climate Action, VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Plantegeografi: 496, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Global environmental change, lcsh:Science, Plant ecology, Macroecology, 2. Zero hunger, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, food and beverages, Plants, Biogeography, FOLIAR NITROGEN ISOTOPES, 1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, COMMUNITY-LEVEL, Trait, Plantenecologie en Natuurbeheer, Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, LEAF ECONOMICS SPECTRUM, Theoretical ecology, WOODY-PLANTS, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, General Chemistry, Climate Research, Science, Plant Development, Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, Article, LITTER DECOMPOSITION, Life Science, Tundra, Ecosystem, 1172 Environmental sciences, Vegetatie, Vegetation and climate, WIMEK, Vegetation, Ecologia vegetal, Global warming, Botany, Plant community, VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Plant geography: 496, Interspecific competition, Botanik, 15. Life on land, FUNCTIONAL TRAITS, Canvi mediambiental global, lcsh:Q, Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology, ELEVATED CO2, RELATIVE GROWTH-RATE, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

The majority of variation in six traits critical to the growth, survival and reproduction of plant species is thought to be organised along just two dimensions, corresponding to strategies of plant size and resource acquisition. However, it is unknown whether global plant trait relationships extend to climatic extremes, and if these interspecific relationships are confounded by trait variation within species. We test whether trait relationships extend to the cold extremes of life on Earth using the largest database of tundra plant traits yet compiled. We show that tundra plants demonstrate remarkably similar resource economic traits, but not size traits, compared to global distributions, and exhibit the same two dimensions of trait variation. Three quarters of trait variation occurs among species, mirroring global estimates of interspecific trait variation. Plant trait relationships are thus generalizable to the edge of global trait-space, informing prediction of plant community change in a warming world., It is unclear whether plant trait relationships found at the global scale extend to climatic extremes. Here the authors analyse six major aboveground traits to show that known plant trait relationships extend to the tundra biomes and exhibit the same two dimensions of variation detected at the global scale.

Published
2020
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6. Plant functional trait change across a warming tundra biome

Author

Stefan Dullinger, Benjamin Bond-Lamberty, Agata Buchwal, Jill F. Johnstone, Alessandro Petraglia, Brody Sandel, Rasmus Halfdan Jørgensen, Pieter S. A. Beck, Hendrik Poorter, Laura Siegwart Collier, Tage Vowles, Damien Georges, Borgthor Magnusson, Peter B. Reich, Katharine N. Suding, Giandiego Campetella, Chelsea J. Little, Trevor C. Lantz, Colleen M. Iversen, Sara Kuleza, Ingibjörg S. Jónsdóttir, Steven F. Oberbauer, Robert G. Björk, Janneke HilleRisLambers, Benjamin Blonder, David S. Hik, Sandra Angers-Blondin, Vladimir G. Onipchenko, Susanna Venn, Peter Poschlod, Brandon S. Schamp, Rebecca A Klady, Katherine S. Christie, F. Stuart Chapin, Philipp R. Semenchuk, Haydn J.D. Thomas, Sarah C. Elmendorf, Ken D. Tape, Monique M. P. D. Heijmans, Josep M. Ninot, Heather D. Alexander, Michael Bahn, Daan Blok, Anne Blach-Overgaard, Ann Milbau, Alba Anadon-Rosell, Jenny C. Ordoñez, Gabriela Schaepman-Strub, Rubén Milla, Philip A. Wookey, Martin Hallinger, Bruce C. Forbes, J. Hans C. Cornelissen, Gregory H. R. Henry, Esther Lévesque, Franciska T. de Vries, Sabine B. Rumpf, Scott J. Goetz, Sigrid Schøler Nielsen, Mariska te Beest, Annika Hofgaard, Marcello Tomaselli, Sonja Wipf, Kevin C. Guay, Bo Elberling, Janet S. Prevéy, Jean-Pierre Tremblay, Josep Peñuelas, Peter M. van Bodegom, Jens Kattge, Nadja Rüger, Jacob Nabe-Nielsen, Julia A. Klein, Tara Zamin, Rohan Shetti, Robert D. Hollister, Craig E. Tweedie, Dirk Nikolaus Karger, William A. Gould, Evan Weiher, Aino Kulonen, Yusuke Onoda, Matteo Dainese, Mark Vellend, Christian Rixen, Noémie Boulanger-Lapointe, Paul Grogan, Serge N. Sheremetev, Logan T. Berner, Andrew J. Trant, Urs A. Treier, Anne D. Bjorkman, Stef Weijers, Maxime Tremblay, Ülo Niinemets, Ulf Molau, William K. Cornwell, Juha M. Alatalo, Francesca Jaroszynska, Nadejda A. Soudzilovskaia, Karen A. Harper, Martin Wilmking, Allan Buras, Bruno Enrico Leone Cerabolini, Elina Kaarlejärvi, Signe Normand, Isla H. Myers-Smith, James D. M. Speed, Johan Olofsson, Anu Eskelinen, Laurent J. Lamarque, Sandra Díaz, Lorna E. Street, Anders Michelsen, Oriol Grau, Peter Manning, Luise Hermanutz, Maitane Iturrate-Garcia, Walton A. Green, Michele Carbognani, Brian J. Enquist, Janet C. Jorgenson, Joseph M. Craine, Elisabeth J. Cooper, Wim A. Ozinga, Esther R. Frei, James I. Hudson, Marko J. Spasojevic, Karl Hülber, Spatial Ecology and Global Change, Environmental Sciences, and Systems Ecology

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Environmental change, LEAF-AREA, Climate, Biome, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Geographic Mapping, 01 natural sciences, Global Warming, INTRASPECIFIC VARIABILITY, VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økologi: 488, Soil, SDG 13 - Climate Action, ECONOMICS SPECTRUM, warming tundra biome, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Macroecology, TEMPERATURE, Multidisciplinary, CLIMATE-CHANGE, GLOBAL PATTERNS, Ecology, Climate-change ecology, Temperature, Vegetation, Plants, Phenotype, ARCTIC ECOSYSTEMS, Biogeography, macroecology, Plantenecologie en Natuurbeheer, Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, climate-change ecology, Biometry, Climate change, Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, 010603 evolutionary biology, Spatio-Temporal Analysis, Life Science, Ecosystem, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Community ecology, SNOW-SHRUB INTERACTIONS, Tundra, Plant Physiological Phenomena, Vegetatie, biogeography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, WIMEK, Plant Ecology, Global warming, Water, Plant community, Humidity, 15. Life on land, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology, VEGETATION, LITTER DECOMPOSITION RATES, community ecology
Abstract

Altres ajuts europeus: P.A.W. was additionally supported by the European Union Fourth Environment and Climate Framework Programme (Project Number ENV4-CT970586)P.A.W. was additionally supported by the European Union Fourth Environment and Climate Framework Programme (Project Number ENV4-CT970586). The tundra is warming more rapidly than any other biome on Earth, and the potential ramifications are far-reaching because of global feedback effects between vegetation and climate. A better understanding of how environmental factors shape plant structure and function is crucial for predicting the consequences of environmental change for ecosystem functioning. Here we explore the biome-wide relationships between temperature, moisture and seven key plant functional traits both across space and over three decades of warming at 117 tundra locations. Spatial temperature-trait relationships were generally strong but soil moisture had a marked influence on the strength and direction of these relationships, highlighting the potentially important influence of changes in water availability on future trait shifts in tundra plant communities. Community height increased with warming across all sites over the past three decades, but other traits lagged far behind predicted rates of change. Our findings highlight the challenge of using space-for-time substitution to predict the functional consequences of future warming and suggest that functions that are tied closely to plant height will experience the most rapid change. They also reveal the strength with which environmental factors shape biotic communities at the coldest extremes of the planet and will help to improve projections of functional changes in tundra ecosystems with climate warming.

Published
2018
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