4 results on '"Riond, C."'
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2. Cable Logging Contract Rates in the Alps: the Effect of Regional Variability and Technical Constraints
- Author
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Raffaele Spinelli, Visser, R., Thees, O., Sauter, U. H., Krajnc, N., Riond, C., and Magagnotti, N.
- Subjects
Yarder ,lcsh:SD1-669.5 ,Forestry ,Harvesting ,lcsh:Forestry ,Mountain ,harvesting ,mountain ,wood ,forestry ,yarder ,Wood - Abstract
A survey of cable logging contracts was conducted in 5 of the 8 Alpine countries, namely: France, Germany, Italy, Slovenia and Switzerland. The goals of the survey were to set a general reference for cable logging rates, to identify eventual differences between countries and to determine the effect of technical work parameters (i.e. piece size, removal per hectare, line length) on actual contract rates. With a total sample size of 566 units, the mean removal and rate were 165 m3 ha-1 and 42.9 EUR m-3, respectively. Both removal per hectare and contract logging rates varied considerably and the study found significant differences between countries. Switzerland stood out from the group with the highest removal (345 m3 ha-1), but also the highest contract rate (79.5 EUR m-3). Removal per hectare was lowest in Italy with just 58.3 m3 ha-1, and logging rate lowest in Slovenia at 29.3 EUR m-3. Logging rates were highly correlated with the average labour rate of each country. Technical factors such as tree size, line length and tract size explained about 40% of the variability in logging rates. Therefore, 60% of the variability is explained by other technical factors not included in our data and by non-technical factors, such as local market dynamics.
- Published
- 2015
3. Large gaps dynamics in the mountain forests of the french Alps
- Author
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Fuhr, M., Weyant, J., Durand, N., Riond, C., Irstea Publications, Migration, Ecosystèmes montagnards (UR EMGR), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), and Office National des Forêts (ONF)
- Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,ALPES DU NORD - Abstract
National audience; Le projet dynamique des grandes trouées en forêt de montagne (Alpes du Nord) a rétrospectivement reconstitué la cicatrisation d’ouvertures anciennes, d’origine naturelle ou sylvicole, pour les principaux types de peuplement des Alpes du Nord. Aux étages montagnard et haut montagnard, dans des contextes stationnels non contraignants, il faut 20 à 25 ans pour refermer une trouée sans régénération pré-existante. Le peuplement est alors dominé par les bas perchis (entre 5 et 10 cm de diamètre) qui atteignent une densité de l’ordre de 1000 à 1500 tiges.ha-1. A 30 ans, le peuplement est dominé par les haut perchis (entre 10 et 15 cm de diamètre) qui atteignent une densité de l’ordre de 600 à 800 tiges.ha-1. Au cours de ces 30 premières années, dans le secteur externe, les stades de développement les plus avancés (perchis) sont cependant essentiellement constitués d’essences pionnières (bouleau, saule,…) et de sorbier. Le remplacement par les essences résineuses (épicéa, sapin) se dessine dans les stades de développement moins avancés (régénération) et, vers 30 ans, la hauteur des essences résineuses rejoint voire dépasse celle des essences pionnières et du sorbier. La fermeture du couvert est beaucoup plus lente : •à l’étage subalpin. Si elle ne s’appuie pas sur une tâche de régénération pré-existante, il faut plus de 50 ans pour qu’une trouée se referme. La concurrence des essences pionnières est aussi très importante dans le secteur externe, •dans les contextes stationnels contraignants, en particulier sur sols secs superficiels où le GSM préconise de ne pas ouvrir de trouées (hêtraies-sapinières sèches, 5.3, sapinières-pessières peu humides, 6.4). Des observations similaires ont été faites dans des contextes très humides (mégaphorbiaies), en dehors de l’étude. •dans les trouées les plus grandes (de l’ordre d’une dizaine d’hectares), probablement en raison de l’éloignement des semenciers. Par contre, dans une gamme de taille de trouées s’étalant de 0,2 ha à 2 voire 3 ha, on ne note pas d’effet notable de la taille de la trouée sur la vitesse de fermeture du couvert. Les travaux du sol (crochetage en plein ou localisé) accélèrent considérablement la fermeture du couvert.
- Published
- 2015
4. Long-term tree inventory data from mountain forest plots in France.
- Author
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Fuhr M, Cordonnier T, Courbaud B, Kunstler G, Mermin E, Riond C, and Tardif P
- Subjects
- France, Norway, Picea, Trees growth & development, Forests, Trees classification
- Abstract
We present repeated tree measurement data from 63 permanent plots in mountain forests in France. Plot elevations range from 800 (lower limit of the montane belt) to 1942 m above sea level (subalpine belt). Forests mainly consist of pure or mixed stands dominated by European beech (Fagus sylvatica), Silver fir (Abies alba), and Norway spruce (Picea abies), in association with various broadleaved species at low elevation and with Arolla pine (Pinus cembra) at high elevation. The plot network includes 23 plots in stands that have not been managed for the last 40 years (at least) and 40 plots in plots managed according to an uneven-aged system with single-tree or small-group selection cutting. Plot sizes range from 0.2 to 1.9 ha. Plots were installed from 1994 to 2004 and remeasured two to five times during the 1994-2015 period. During the first census (installation), living trees more than 7.5 cm in dbh were identified, their diameter at breast height (dbh) was measured and their social status (strata) noted. Trees were spatially located, either with x, y, and z coordinates (40 plots) or within 0.25-ha square subplots (23 plots). In addition, in a subset of plots (58 plots), tree heights and tree crown dimensions were measured on a subset of trees and dead standing trees and stumps were included in the census. Remeasurements after installation include live tree diameters (including recruited trees), tree status (living, damaged, dead, stump), and for a subset of trees, height. At the time of establishment of the plots, plot densities range from 181 to 1328 stems/ha and plot basal areas range from 13.6 to 81.3 m
2 /ha., (© 2017 by the Ecological Society of America.)- Published
- 2017
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