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1. Observation of the Fermi pulsar catalog at TeV energies with the Tibet air shower experiment

Author

X. X. Zhou, Y. Yamamoto, Yu-Sa Wang, H. Sugimoto, T. K. Sako, X. Y. Zhang, Q. Huang, Shoji Torii, G. C. Yu, Haibing Hu, Y. Zhang, M. Sakata, A. Shiomi, Kazumasa Kawata, C. Fan, Gui-Ming Le, S. Yasue, Jia Zhang, H. C. Li, LuHua Jiang, Masato Takita, X. Y. Gao, Danzengluobu, C. F. Feng, X. C. Yang, T. Yuda, X. H. Ding, H. W. Wang, Y. Q. Lou, H. R. Wu, X. R. Meng, M. Shibata, H. Nanjo, L. Xue, T. Shirai, Yi Zhang, Shunsuke Ozawa, Y. G. Wang, Zhaoyang Feng, K. Mizutani, Y. H. Tan, M. Ohnishi, J. Y. Li, H. Y. Jia, S. Udo, Hong-peng Lu, Liming Ding, N. Tateyama, Ying Zhang, H. W. Guo, A. F. Yuan, H. M. Zhang, S. W. Cui, Zhenyong Feng, Takashi Saito, D. Chen, B. S. Wang, Zhaxisangzhu, M. Amenomori, Z. H. Ye, Kazuoki Munakata, H. H. He, Ning Zhang, K. Hibino, N. Hotta, Masaki Nishizawa, I. Ohta, Labaciren, Harufumi Tsuchiya, To. Saito, Y. Katayose, Q. B. Gou, Hailan Hu, X. J. Bi, Q. X. Geng, C. T. Yan, K. Kasahara, J. Mu, A. F. Li, Jing Huang, Chihiro Kato, M. He, C. X. Liu, and F. Kajino

Subjects
Physics, Telescope, Air shower, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Pulsar, law, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, law.invention
Abstract

Using the Tibet-III air shower array, we search for steady TeV -rays from 18 pulsars in the Fermi Large Area Telescope pulsar catalog. Among them, we ob- serve 8 sources including the Crab instead of the expected

Published
2011

2. Cosmic-ray energy spectrum around the knee obtained by the Tibet experiment and future prospects

Author

N. Hotta, J. Y. Li, Hsiao-Chi Lu, S. W. Cui, C. F. Feng, Q. Huang, G. M. Le, X. C. Yang, Labaciren, H. B. Hu, B. S. Wang, Q. X. Geng, Zhaxisangzhu, Takeshi Saito, D. Chen, Takashi Sako, Kazuoki Munakata, Kazumasa Kawata, C. Fan, H. H. He, Z. H. Ye, Masaki Nishizawa, X. Y. Gao, Takashi Saito, Jieru Ren, Danzengluobu, A. Nagai, Huaguang Wang, Yizhang, M. Sakata, K. Kasahara, J. Mu, S. L. Lu, Y. G. Wang, M. Amenomori, Jia Zhang, A. F. Li, Jing Huang, C. T. Yan, M. Shibata, Shunsuke Ozawa, A. F. Yuan, X. R. Meng, G. C. Yu, I. Ohta, X. H. Ding, Zhaoyang Feng, Shoji Torii, H. Y. Jia, T. Yuda, S. Udo, Y. Q. Lou, H. R. Wu, K. Hibino, Haibing Hu, Y. H. Tan, H. Onuma, N. Tateyama, X. J. Bi, Harufumi Tsuchiya, K. Mizutani, Y. Katayose, Y. Zhang, A. Shiomi, H. Nanjo, Y. Yamamoto, Yu-Sa Wang, X. Wang, T. Shirai, H. M. Zhang, X. X. Zhou, H. Sugimoto, S. Yasue, H. W. Guo, Masato Takita, M. Ohnishi, L. K. Ding, T. Ouchi, Z. Y. Feng, X. Y. Zhang, F. Kajino, Chihiro Kato, M. He, L. Xue, and Ning Zhang

Subjects
Physics, Atmospheric Science, Range (particle radiation), Proton, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Phase (waves), Aerospace Engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, Flux, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, Geophysics, chemistry, Space and Planetary Science, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Helium
Abstract

The observation of the extensive air showers has been carried out since 1990 by Tibet air-shower array to study the origin of the cosmic-rays. In order to investigate the chemical composition around the knee, air-shower core detector was used in two experimental phases aiming to separate light primary elements (proton and helium). In a first phase experiment made in 1996-1999, primary proton and helium spectra were measured using a hybrid detector consisted of Tibet II air-shower array, emulsion chambers, and burst detectors. The result indicated that the fraction of light elements among the all particle spectrum is less than 30%. We performed the second phase experiment in 2002-2005 to measure proton + helium together to confirm the previous result with higher statistics by improving the detection efficiency for the air-shower cores. The P + He spectrum was obtained in a good agreement with previous result by several times higher statistics. The flux of the light elements, together with the all-particle energy spectrum, indicates the dominance of nuclei heavier than helium in the energy range around the knee. We also present the outline of the next phase experiment, which is to measure the heavy elements around the knee, using low threshold air-shower core detector named YAC. (C) 2010 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2011

3. Cosmic-ray energy spectrum around the knee observed with the Tibet air-shower experiment

Author

Jia Zhang, N. Hotta, H. C. Li, Liming Ding, X. X. Zhou, H. Nanjo, T. Shirai, T. Yuda, Labaciren, H. Sugimoto, Y. Q. Lou, H. R. Wu, Masaki Nishizawa, Ying Zhang, S. W. Cui, H. H. He, X. Y. Zhang, C. F. Feng, Chihiro Kato, Y. Yamamoto, Q. Huang, X. R. Meng, Takashi Saito, Yu-Sa Wang, M. He, Zhaoyang Feng, C. X. Liu, M. Shibata, Y. G. Wang, Yi Zhang, A. F. Yuan, Y. Katayose, Kazumasa Kawata, C. Fan, Q. X. Geng, G. C. Yu, D. Chen, Z. H. Ye, L. Xue, K. Mizutani, Kazuoki Munakata, S. Yasue, M. Ohnishi, F. Kajino, Masato Takita, X. H. Ding, H. W. Guo, S. Udo, C. T. Yan, Hong-peng Lu, K. Hibino, Haibing Hu, B. S. Wang, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhenyong Feng, X. J. Bi, M. Amenomori, Y. Zhang, A. Shiomi, Y. H. Tan, K. Kasahara, J. Mu, Q. B. Gou, A. F. Li, Jing Huang, H. W. Wang, Hailan Hu, J. Y. Li, I. Ohta, H. M. Zhang, T. K. Sako, To. Saito, Shoji Torii, H. Y. Jia, Shunsuke Ozawa, LuHua Jiang, X. Y. Gao, Danzengluobu, X. C. Yang, N. Tateyama, Harufumi Tsuchiya, M. Sakata, Gui-Ming Le, and Ning Zhang

Subjects
Physics, Air shower, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Energy spectrum, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics
Published
2011

4. Recent Results on Gamma-Ray Observation by the Tibet Air Shower Array and Related Topics

Author

Xiaoqun Wang, Haibing Hu, Y. Katayose, C. T. Yan, Kazumasa Kawata, Jieru Ren, X. Y. Gao, C. Fan, Y. G. Wang, A. Nagai, Y. Zhang, T. Yuda, A. F. Yuan, Y. Q. Lou, A. Shiomi, Hailan Hu, G. M. Le, X. J. Bi, H. Wang, Liming Ding, H. M. Zhang, K. Hibino, K. Mizutani, Y. H. Tan, M. Shibata, H. Sugimoto, H. W. Guo, X. X. Zhou, Hong Wu, H. Nanjo, Q. Huang, T. Shirai, Yi Zhang, F. Kajino, Takashi Saito, Chihiro Kato, B. S. Wang, M. He, Z. H. Ye, Shoji Torii, S. Udo, J. Y. Li, H. H. He, S. L. Lu, Masaki Nishizawa, Jia Zhang, N. Tateyama, G. C. Yu, Y. Yamamoto, Yu-Sa Wang, Harufumi Tsuchiya, M. Ohnishi, Takashi Sako, D. Chen, Kazuoki Munakata, S. Yasue, Xuan Zhang, Masato Takita, X. C. Yang, K. Kasahara, J. Mu, S. Ozawa, A. F. Li, Ning Zhang, Jing Huang, N. Hotta, H. Y. Jia, X. R. Meng, M. Sakata, To. Saito, Cunfeng Feng, Zhaoyang Feng, X. H. Ding, Zhenyong Feng, I. Ohta, M. Amenomori, T. Ouchi, Q. X. Geng, L. Xue, Hong-peng Lu, and Shuwang Cui

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Scintillation, Air shower, Muon, Gamma ray, General Physics and Astronomy, Astronomy
Abstract

The Tibet-III air shower array, consisting of 789 scintillation detectors, has been operating successfully at Yangbajing in Tibet since 1999. Some recent results on gamma-ray observation by the Tibet-III air shower array are introduced and its future prospects of gamma-ray observation will be discussed.

Published
2009

5. Chemical Composition of Cosmic Rays around the Knee Observed by the Tibet Air-Shower-Core Detector

Author

Shuwang Cui, X. C. Yang, G. M. Le, I. Ohta, F. Kajino, Jia Zhang, L. Xue, M. Shibata, Kazumasa Kawata, C. Fan, H. Wang, Hong-peng Lu, Chihiro Kato, M. He, H. Sugimoto, Jieru Ren, K. Mizutani, To. Saito, G. C. Yu, Takashi Sako, B. S. Wang, X. H. Ding, Zhenyong Feng, Hailan Hu, Takashi Saito, H. Y. Jia, M. Amenomori, J. Y. Li, C. T. Yan, Q. Huang, H. M. Zhang, Z. H. Ye, X. J. Bi, Yi Zhang, M. Sakata, Shoji Torii, Q. X. Geng, T. Yuda, M. Ohnishi, H. W. Guo, X. X. Zhou, S. Udo, X. R. Meng, S. Ozawa, Y. Q. Lou, Liming Ding, S. Yasue, Cunfeng Feng, Xiaoqun Wang, Zhaoyang Feng, K. Hibino, Haibing Hu, Y. H. Tan, Masato Takita, Masaki Nishizawa, N. Tateyama, Y. Yamamoto, Yu-Sa Wang, Y. Zhang, Harufumi Tsuchiya, A. Shiomi, T. Ouchi, Hong Wu, Y. Katayose, H. Nanjo, H. H. He, T. Shirai, K. Kasahara, J. Mu, Y. G. Wang, S. L. Lu, A. F. Yuan, A. F. Li, Jing Huang, X. Y. Gao, A. Nagai, D. Chen, Kazuoki Munakata, Ning Zhang, N. Hotta, and Xuan Zhang

Subjects
Physics, Range (particle radiation), Detector, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Nuclear physics, Core (optical fiber), Air shower, chemistry, Energy spectrum, Chemical composition, Helium
Abstract

Recent results and future prospects of the Tibet air-shower experiment are reported on the all-particle energy spectrum and the chemical composition of cosmic rays around 10 15 eV energy range. The knee of the all-particle energy spectrum has been clearly observed at the energy around 4 ×10 15 eV by Tibet III air-shower array located at Yangbajing, Tibet, China (atmospheric depth 606 g/cm 2 , area 37,000 m 2 ). The energy spectrum of light components (protons and helium) measured by air-shower-core detector exhibits steeper power index than that of direct measurements below 10 14 eV, leading to decreasing fraction of the light component toward the knee. Hence, it is strongly suggested that the origin of the knee is related with the change of the chemical composition of cosmic rays. A new air-shower-core detector called `YAC' is under the preparation for explicit measurement of the heavy component.

Published
2009

6. MULTI-TeV GAMMA-RAY OBSERVATION FROM THE CRAB NEBULA USING THE TIBET-III AIR SHOWER ARRAY FINELY TUNED BY THE COSMIC RAY MOON'S SHADOW

Author

M. Amenomori, X. J. Bi, D. Chen, S. W. Cui, null Danzengluobu, L. K. Ding, X. H. Ding, C. Fan, C. F. Feng, Zhaoyang Feng, Z. Y. Feng, X. Y. Gao, Q. X. Geng, H. W. Guo, H. H. He, M. He, K. Hibino, N. Hotta, Haibing Hu, H. B. Hu, J. Huang, Q. Huang, H. Y. Jia, F. Kajino, K. Kasahara, Y. Katayose, C. Kato, K. Kawata, null Labaciren, G. M. Le, A. F. Li, J. Y. Li, Y.-Q. Lou, H. Lu, S. L. Lu, X. R. Meng, K. Mizutani, J. Mu, K. Munakata, A. Nagai, H. Nanjo, M. Nishizawa, M. Ohnishi, I. Ohta, H. Onuma, T. Ouchi, S. Ozawa, J. R. Ren, T. Saito, T. Y. Saito, M. Sakata, T. K. Sako, M. Shibata, A. Shiomi, T. Shirai, H. Sugimoto, M. Takita, Y. H. Tan, N. Tateyama, S. Torii, H. Tsuchiya, S. Udo, B. Wang, H. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. G. Wang, H. R. Wu, L. Xue, Y. Yamamoto, C. T. Yan, X. C. Yang, S. Yasue, Z. H. Ye, G. C. Yu, A. F. Yuan, T. Yuda, H. M. Zhang, J. L. Zhang, N. J. Zhang, X. Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Yi Zhang, null Zhaxisangzhu, and X. X. Zhou

Subjects
Physics, Scintillation, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Gamma ray, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, magnetic fields, Power law, Air shower, Crab Nebula, cosmic rays, Space and Planetary Science, pulsars: individual (Crab pulsar), Moon, ISM: individual (Crab Nebula), Cherenkov radiation, Energy (signal processing), gamma rays: observations
Abstract

The Tibet-III air shower array, consisting of 533 scintillation detectors, has been operating successfully at Yangbajing in Tibet, China since 1999. Using the dataset collected by this array from 1999 November through 2005 November, we obtained the energy spectrum of $\gamma$-rays from the Crab Nebula, expressed by a power law as $(dJ/dE) = (2.09\pm0.32)\times10^{-12} (E/{\rm 3 TeV})^{-2.96\pm0.14} {\rm cm}^{-2} {\rm s}^{-1} {\rm TeV}^{-1}$ in the energy range of 1.7 to 40 TeV. This result is consistent with other independent $\gamma$-ray observations by imaging air Cherenkov telescopes. In this paper, we carefully checked and tuned the performance of the Tibet-III array using data on the moon's shadow in comparison with a detailed Monte Carlo simulation. The shadow is shifted to the west of the moon's apparent position as an effect of the geomagnetic field, although the extent of this displacement depends on the primary energy positively charged cosmic rays. This finding enables us to estimate the systematic error in determining the primary energy from its shower size. This error is estimated to be less than $\pm$12% in our experiment. This energy scale estimation is the first attempt among cosmic-ray experiments at ground level. The systematic pointing error is also estimated to be smaller than $0\fdg011$. The deficit rate and position of the moon's shadow are shown to be very stable within a statistical error of $\pm$6% year by year. This guarantees the long-term stability of point-like source observation with the Tibet-III array. These systematic errors are adequately taken into account in our study of the Crab Nebula., Comment: 12 pages, 16 figures, accepted by ApJ

Published
2009

7. Primary cosmic-ray energy spectrum around the knee energy region measured by the Tibet hybrid experiment

Author

M Amenomori, S Ayabe, S W Cui, null Danzengluobu, L K Ding, X H Ding, C F Feng, Z Y Feng, X Y Gao, Q X Geng, H W Guo, H H He, M He, K Hibino, N Hotta, Haibing Hu, H B Hu, J Huang, Q Huang, H Y Jia, F Kajino, K Kasahara, Y Katayose, C Kato, K Kawata, null Labaciren, G M Le, J Y Li, H Lu, S L Lu, X R Meng, K Mizutani, J Mu, K Munakata, A Nagai, H Nanjo, M Nishizawa, M Ohnishi, I Ohta, H Onuma, T Ouchi, S Ozawa, J R Ren, T Saito, M Sakata, T Sasaki, M Shibata, A Shiomi, T Shirai, H Sugimoto, M Takita, Y H Tan, N Tateyama, S Torii, H Tsuchiya, S Udo, T Utsugi, B S Wang, H Wang, X Wang, Y G Wang, H R Wu, L Xue, Y Yamamoto, C T Yan, X C Yang, S Yasue, Z H Ye, G C Yu, A F Yuan, T Yuda, H M Zhang, J L Zhang, N J Zhang, X Y Zhang, Y Zhang, Yi Zhang, null Zhaxisangzhu, X X Zhou, and The Tibet Asã Collaboration

Subjects
Physics, History, Range (particle radiation), Proton, chemistry.chemical_element, Cosmic ray, Spectral line, Computer Science Applications, Education, Nuclear physics, chemistry, Primary (astronomy), Energy spectrum, Helium, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

The Tibet hybrid experiment composed of emulsion chambers, burst detectors and the Tibet-II air-shower array was done at Yangbajing (4,300m above sea level, 606 g/cm2) in Tibet. For 3-year operation, we have observed 177 γ-families (ΣEγ > 20 TeV) accompanying air showers with the shower size Ne > 2 × 105. Using this data set and a neural network method to select proton and helium induced events, the primary proton and helium energy spectra are deduced between 1015 and 1016eV. The proton spectrum, thus obtained, can be expressed by a single power-law function with a differential index of −3.01±0.11 and −3.05±0.12 based on the QGSJET+HD and SIBYLL+HD models, respectively, which are steeper than that extrapolated from the direct observations of −2.74±0.01 in the energy range below 1014 eV. Our result suggests that the main component responsible for making the knee structure of the all-particle spectrum should be composed of nuclei heavier than helium.

Published
2006

8. Primary proton spectrum around the knee observed by the Tibet air-shower experiment

Author

Jieru Ren, M. Ohnishi, Katsuaki Kasahara, Kazumasa Kawata, H. Y. Jia, G. C. Yu, T. Ouchi, Xuan Zhang, J. Y. Li, X. Y. Gao, L. Xue, Q. Huang, N. Tateyama, J. Mu, Zhaxisangzhu, G. M. Le, Shoji Torii, X. H. Ding, Jing Huang, K. Hibino, Yi Zhang, Y. Yamamoto, Harufumi Tsuchiya, N. Hotta, Z. Y. Feng, A. Nagai, M. Amenomori, S. Ayabe, H. Nanjo, T. Shirai, Hsiao-Chi Lu, K. Mizutani, X. R. Meng, Haibing Hu, N. J. Zhang, Chihiro Kato, M. He, Shunsuke Ozawa, H. W. Guo, M. Shibata, To. Saito, Jia Zhang, Y. Zhang, Kazuoki Munakata, I. Ohta, S. W. Cui, F. Kajino, C. T. Yan, X. C. Yang, A. F. Yuan, Z. H. Ye, H. Onuma, T. Yuda, T. Sasaki, S. Yasue, H. R. Wu, Q. X. Geng, X. Wang, Masato Takita, H. B. Hu, Huaguang Wang, Masaki Nishizawa, Labaciren, L. K. Ding, M. Sakata, Danzengluobu, Cunfeng Feng, A. Shiomi, Y. H. Tan, H. H. He, H. M. Zhang, X. X. Zhou, Yu Wang, H. Sugimoto, S. Udo, S. L. Lu, Y. Katayose, and D. Chen

Subjects
Physics, Atmospheric Science, Range (particle radiation), Proton, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Aerospace Engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, Flux, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, Geophysics, Air shower, chemistry, Space and Planetary Science, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Nuclear emulsion, Helium
Abstract

Simultaneous observation of gamma-families and their accompanying air showers was performed at Yangbajing (4300 m above sea level) in Tibet with the emulsion chambers and burst detectors which were linked with the Tibet-II air-shower array. For three years operation, we observed 177 gamma-families (Sigma E-gamma > 20 TeV) accompanying air showers with the size N-e > 2 x 10(5). Using this data and the simulation code CORSIKA, we obtained the primary proton spectrum in the energy range of 10(15)-10(16) eV. The slope of the observed spectrum is steeper than that extrapolated smoothly from the lower energy region below 10(14) eV, irrespective of the interaction models assumed in the simulation. The uncertainty of the absolute flux of protons due to the interaction model dependence involved in the simulation codes is at most 30%, which is much weaker than results of other air-shower experiments. Our experiment shows low intensity of light components (proton and helium) independent of the interaction models suggesting that the main component responsible for making the knee structure of the all-particle spectrum is composed of nuclei heavier than helium. This is the first measurement of the differential energy spectra of primary protons by selecting them event by event at the knee energy region.

Published
2006

9. Variation of Sun shadow in the Solar Cycle 23 observed with the Tibet air shower array

Author

Labaciren, H. R. Wu, N. Tateyama, K. Mizutani, X. H. Ding, Z. Y. Feng, S. Ayabe, Harufumi Tsuchiya, Shunsuke Ozawa, X. R. Meng, Q. X. Geng, M. Amenomori, C. T. Yan, Xuan Zhang, B. S. Wang, Zhaxisangzhu, T. Yuda, X. Wang, Jieru Ren, X. C. Yang, F. Kajino, Y. Katayose, H. B. Hu, M. Shibata, Y. G. Wang, Chihiro Kato, Huaguang Wang, A. F. Yuan, M. He, Y. Yamamoto, H. Y. Jia, Haibing Hu, I. Ohta, Q. Huang, G. M. Le, H. W. Guo, J. Mu, N. Hotta, M. Izumi, M. Sakata, K. Hibino, L. Xue, G. C. Yu, X. Y. Gao, Jing Huang, S. Udo, Danzengluobu, N. J. Zhang, Hsiao-Chi Lu, Cunfeng Feng, Katsuaki Kasahara, Z. H. Ye, H. Nanjo, T. Shirai, Masaki Nishizawa, L. K. Ding, Kazuoki Munakata, Y. Zhang, M. Ohnishi, S. Yasue, S. W. Cui, A. Nagai, Takeshi Saito, Masato Takita, Jia Zhang, Kazumasa Kawata, A. Shiomi, H. Onuma, T. Sasaki, H. M. Zhang, X. X. Zhou, H. Sugimoto, Y. H. Tan, H. H. He, S. L. Lu, J. Y. Li, Shoji Torii, T. Utsugi, and T. Ouchi

Subjects
Physics, Solar minimum, Atmospheric Science, Aerospace Engineering, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Solar maximum, Solar cycle, Geophysics, Earth's magnetic field, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, Shadow, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Interplanetary spaceflight, Sun path
Abstract

According to many solar observations, the solar activity, during the Solar Cycle 23, is gradually declining to the quiet phase from the high state in 2000–2004. The Tibet air shower array has been continuing the observation of the shadow that cosmic rays make in the direction of the sun or the moon since 1991. We have shown the influence of the magnetic field around the sun, the interplanetary and the geomagnetic fields for the sun shadow at the multi-TeV region. We discuss the variation of the Sun’s shadow with the Gnevyshev gap (GG) in the maximum phase of the Solar Cycle 23. Unfortunately, the bottom in GG corresponds to off-observation period. Nonetheless, we found the anti-correlation between the significance of the Sun’s shadow and the variation of the magnetic field intensity around GG, although the statistical significance is not so high. It is expected that a detailed analysis of the Sun’s shadow will reveal interesting features of the anti-correlation.

Published
2006

10. Are protons still dominant at the knee of the cosmic-ray energy spectrum?

Author

M. Sakata, Xuan Zhang, Danzengluobu, Cunfeng Feng, Jia Zhang, Kazuoki Munakata, S. W. Cui, N. Tateyama, Katsuaki Kasahara, N. Hotta, Hsiao-Chi Lu, H. Nanjo, Harufumi Tsuchiya, Y. G. Wang, T. Shirai, Takeshi Saito, S. Yasue, J. Y. Li, A. F. Yuan, K. Hibino, H. Y. Jia, Jieru Ren, L. Xue, Kazumasa Kawata, Masato Takita, Shoji Torii, Zhaxisangzhu, X. C. Yang, A. Nagai, Z. H. Ye, H. B. Hu, J. Mu, Jing Huang, X. H. Ding, H. Onuma, T. Sasaki, H. W. Guo, I. Ohta, Shunsuke Ozawa, Labaciren, K. Mizutani, H. M. Zhang, X. X. Zhou, T. Ouchi, Yi Zhang, M. Amenomori, Masaki Nishizawa, G. C. Yu, H. Sugimoto, Z. Y. Feng, S. Ayabe, Y. Yamamoto, Q. Huang, G. M. Le, Haibing Hu, C. T. Yan, X. R. Meng, Y. Zhang, T. Yuda, A. Shiomi, N. J. Zhang, H. R. Wu, Chihiro Kato, M. He, Y. H. Tan, L. K. Ding, H. H. He, F. Kajino, S. L. Lu, Y. Katayose, D. Chen, X. Y. Gao, M. Ohnishi, S. Udo, M. Shibata, Q. X. Geng, X. Wang, and Huaguang Wang

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Proton, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Monte Carlo method, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, chemistry, Event (particle physics), Helium
Abstract

A hybrid experiment consisting of emulsion chambers, burst detectors and the Tibet II air-shower array was carried out at Yangbajing (4,300 m a.s.l., 606 g/cm$^2$) in Tibet to obtain the energy spectra of primary protons and heliums. From three-year operation, these energy spectra are deduced between $10^{15}$ and $10^{16}$ eV by triggering the air showers associated with a high energy core and using a neural network method in the primary mass separation. The proton spectrum can be expressed by a single power-law function with a differential index of $-3.01 \pm 0.11$ and $-3.05 \pm 0.12$ based on the QGSJET+HD and SIBYLL+HD models, respectively, which are steeper than that extrapolated from the direct observations of $-2.74 \pm 0.01$ in the energy range below $10^{14}$ eV. The absolute fluxes of protons and heliums are derived within 30% systematic errors depending on the hadronic interaction models used in Monte Carlo simulation. The result of our experiment suggests that the main component responsible for the change of the power index of the all-particle spectrum around $3 \times 10^{15}$ eV, so-called ``knee'', is composed of nuclei heavier than helium. This is the first measurement of the differential energy spectra of primary protons and heliums by selecting them event by event at the knee energy region., Comment: This paper has been accepted for publication Physics Letters B on October 19th, 2005. This paper has been accepted for publication Physics Letters B on October 19th, 2005

Published
2006

11. Sensitivity of ARGO-YBJ to different composition models in the energy range 10 ÷ 500 TeV

Author

C. BACCI, K. Z. BAO, F. BARONE, B. BARTOLI, S. BUSSINO, E. CALLONI, B. Y. CAO, R. CARDARELLI, S. CATALANOTTI, S. CAVALIERE, F. CESARONI, P. CRETI, DANZENGLUOBU, B. D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, M. DE VINCENZI, T. DI GIROLAMO, G. DI SCIASCIO, Z. Y. FENG, Y. FU, X. Y. GAO, Q. X. GENG, H. W. GUO, H. H. HE, M. HE, Q. HUANG, M. IACOVACCI, N. IUCCI, H. Y. JAI, C. L. JING, F. M. KONG, H. H. KUANG, LABACIREN, B. LI, J. Y. LI, Z. Q. LIU, H. LU, X. H. MA, S. M. MARI, X. R. MENG, L. MILANO, J. MU, Z. R. PENG, P. PISTILLI, L. SAGGESE, R. SANTONICO, P. R. SHEN, C. STANESCU, L. R. SUN, S. C. SUN, A. SURDO, Y. H. TAN, S. VERNETTO, C. R. WANG, H. WANG, H. Y. WANG, Y. N. WEI, H. T. YANG, Q. K. YAO, G. C. YU, X. D. YUE, A. F. YUAN, M. ZHA, H. M. ZHANG, J. L. ZHANG, N. J. ZHANG, X. Y. ZHANG, ZHAXISANGZHU, ZHAXICIREN, Q. Q. ZHU, BERNARDINI, Paolo, DE MITRI, Ivan, MANCARELLA, Giovanni, MARSELLA, GIOVANNI, MARTELLO, Daniele, PANAREO, Marco, C., Bacci, K. Z., Bao, F., Barone, B., Bartoli, Bernardini, Paolo, S., Bussino, E., Calloni, B. Y., Cao, R., Cardarelli, S., Catalanotti, S., Cavaliere, F., Cesaroni, P., Creti, Danzengluobu, B., D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, DE MITRI, Ivan, M., DE VINCENZI, T., DI GIROLAMO, G., DI SCIASCIO, Z. Y., Feng, Y., Fu, X. Y., Gao, Q. X., Geng, H. W., Guo, H. H., He, M., He, Q., Huang, M., Iacovacci, N., Iucci, H. Y., Jai, C. L., Jing, F. M., Kong, H. H., Kuang, Labaciren, B., Li, J. Y., Li, Z. Q., Liu, H., Lu, X. H., Ma, Mancarella, Giovanni, S. M., Mari, Marsella, Giovanni, Martello, Daniele, X. R., Meng, L., Milano, J., Mu, Panareo, Marco, Z. R., Peng, P., Pistilli, L., Saggese, R., Santonico, P. R., Shen, C., Stanescu, L. R., Sun, S. C., Sun, A., Surdo, Y. H., Tan, S., Vernetto, C. R., Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wang, Y. N., Wei, H. T., Yang, Q. K., Yao, G. C., Yu, X. D., Yue, A. F., Yuan, M., Zha, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, N. J., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhaxiciren, Q. Q., Zhu, Baccia, The ARGO YBJ C. o. l. l. a. b. o. r. a. t. i. o. n. C., K. Z., Baob, F., Baronec, B., Bartolic, P., Bernardinid, S., Bussinoa, E., Callonic, B. Y., Caoe, R., Cardarellif, S., Catalanottic, S., Cavalierec, F., Cesaronid, P., Cretid, Danzengluobug, B., D’Ettorrepiazzolic, M., De Vincenzia, T., Di Girolamoc, G., Di Sciascioc, Z. Y., Fengh, Y., Fue, X. Y., Gaoi, Q. X., Gengi, H. W., Guog, H. H., Hej, M., Hee, Q., Huangh, M., Iacovaccic, N., Iuccia, H. Y., Jaih, C. L., Jingj, F. M., Konge, H. H., Kuangj, Labacireng, B., Lib, J. Y., Lie, Z. Q., Liui, H., Luj, X. H., Maj, G., Mancarellad, Mari, Stefano Maria, A, G., Marsellad, D., Martellod, X. R., Mengg, L., Milanoc, J., Mui, M., Panareod, Z. R., Pengj, P., Pistillia, L., Saggesec, R., Santonicof, P. R., Shenj, C., Stanescua, L. R., Sunb, S. C., Sunb, A., Surdod, Y. H., Tanj, S., Vernettok, C. R., Wange, H., Wangj, H. Y., Wangj, Y. N., Weib, H. T., Yangj, Q. K., Yaob, G. C., Yuh, X. D., Yueb, A. F., Yuang, M., Zhaj, H. M., Zhangj, J. L., Zhangj, N. J., Zhange, X. Y., Zhange, Zhaxisangzhug, Zhaxicireng, and Q. Q., Zhuj

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Resistive touchscreen, Range (particle radiation), ARGO-YBJ, Detector, Cosmic ray, STRIPS, Cosmic Ray, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Charged particle, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, Shower detectors, Cosmic Ray, Resistive Plate Counters, Composition Model, Extensive Air Showers, Energy (signal processing), Argo
Abstract

The ARGO-YBJ experiment is currently under construction at the Yangbajing Cosmic Ray Laboratory (4300 m a.s.l.).The detector consists of a central carpet, 74 × 78 m2, made of a single layer of Resistive Plate Counters (RPCs), and surrounded by a partially instrumented guard ring for a total instrumented area of about 6700 m2. The digital read-out, performed by means of pick-up electrodes 6.7 × 62 cm2 (strip), allows to measure the charged particle number of small size air showers. The technique of counting the number of fired strips on the ARGO carpet corresponds to operate in the 10÷500 TeV energy region where both direct and indirect measurements on the primary cosmic radiation have been performed. Many composition models have been proposed by different experiments. In this work we discuss the ability of the ARGO detector to discriminate among some models.

Published
2004

12. The ARGO-YBJ detector and high energy GRBs

Author

J. Mu, H.H. He, A. Cavaliere, R. Santonico, J. Su, Q. X. Geng, M. Vietri, A. Surdo, H.H. Kuang, S. M. Mari, N. Iucci, Jy Li, K.Z. Bao, M. Parisi, F Cesaroni, T. Di Girolamo, Paolo Padovani, G. Marsella, Cristian Stanescu, H.T. Yang, D. Martello, B. Bartoli, Z.Q. Liu, L.R. Sun, S.C. Sun, G.C. Yu, H.Y. Jai, Y.N. Wei, Paolo Bernardini, B.Y. Cao, S. Vernetto, L. Milano, P. Pistilli, H. M. Zhang, M. Oliviero, X.D. Yue, Denis Bastieri, M. Iacovacci, Roberta Sparvoli, Labaciren, N.J. Zhang, Hong-peng Lu, G. Mancarella, Enrico Calloni, M. Panareo, Zhaxiciren, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, M. He, Q. Huang, P. Creti, A Morselli, C Sbarra, T.J. Zhang, P. R. Shen, C.R. Wang, X. Y. Gao, Q. Q. Zhu, X. R. Meng, G. Pellizzoni, Q.K. Yao, F.M. Kong, Dongming Mei, Danzengluobu, G. Sartori, Z.Y. Feng, BD Piazzoli, Roberto Cardarelli, Huaguang Wang, Fabrizio Barone, Y. H. Tan, J.L. Zhang, X. Y. Zhang, G. Severino, A. F. Yuan, Zhaxisangzhu, Z.R. Peng, H.Y. Wang, B. Li, Xh Ma, C. Bacci, Y Fu, G. Di Sciascio, M. De Vincenzi, S. Catalanotti, Hw Guo, R. Buonomo, C., Bacci, K. Z., Bao, F., Barone, Bartoli, Bruno, D., Bastieri, P., Bernardini, R., Buonomo, S., Bussino, Calloni, Enrico, B. Y., Cao, R., Cardarelli, Catalanotti, Sergio, A., Cavaliere, F., Cesaroni, P., Creti, Danzengluobu, D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, Benedetto, M., De Vincenzi, DI GIROLAMO, Tristano, G., Di Sciascio, Z. Y., Feng, Y., Fu, X. Y., Gao, Q. X., Geng, H. W., Guo, H. H., He, M., He, Q., Huang, Iacovacci, Michele, N., Iucci, H. Y., Jai, F. M., Kong, H. H., Kuang, Labaciren, B., Li, J. Y., Li, Z. Q., Liu, H., Lu, X. H., Ma, G., Mancarella, S. M., Mari, G., Marsella, D., Martello, D. M., Mei, X. R., Meng, Milano, Leopoldo, A., Morselli, J., Mu, M., Oliviero, P., Padovani, M., Panareo, M., Parisi, G., Pellizzoni, Z. R., Peng, P., Pistilli, R., Santonico, G., Sartori, C., Sbarra, G., Severino, P. R., Shen, R., Sparvoli, C., Stanescu, J., Su, L. R., Sun, S. C., Sun, A., Surdo, Y. H., Tan, S., Vernetto, M., Vietri, C. R., Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wang, Y. N., Wei, H. T., Yang, Q. K., Yao, G. C., Yu, X. D., Yue, A. F., Yuan, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, N. J., Zhang, T. J., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhaxiciren, Q. Q., Zhu, B., Bartoli, E., Calloni, S., Catalanotti, B. D., Piazzoli, M. D., Vincenzi, T. D., Girolamo, G. D., Sciascio, M., Iacovacci, Mancarella, Giovanni, Marsella, Giovanni, Martello, Daniele, L., Milano, Panareo, Marco, Bacci, C., Bao, K. Z., Barone, F., Bartoli, B., Bastieri, D., Bernardini, P., Buonomo, R., Bussino, S., Calloni, E., Cao, B. Y., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Cavaliere, A., Cesaroni, F., Creti, P., D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, B., DE VINCENZI, M., DI GIROLAMO, T., DI SCIASCIO, G., Feng, Z. Y., Fu, Y., Gao, X. Y., Geng, Q. X., Guo, H. W., He, M., Huang, Q., Iacovacci, M., Iucci, N., Jai, H. Y., Kong, F. M., Kuang, H. H., Li, B., Liu, Z. Q., Lu, H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Mei, D. M., Meng, X. R., Milano, L., Morselli, A., Mu, J., Oliviero, M., Padovani, P., Parisi, M., Pellizzoni, G., Peng, Z. R., Pistilli, P., Santonico, R., Sartori, G., Sbarra, C., Severino, G., Shen, P. R., Sparvoli, R., Stanescu, C., Su, J., Sun, L. R., Sun, S. C., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vernetto, S., Vietri, M., Wang, C. R., Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wei, Y. N., Yang, H. T., Yao, Q. K., Yue, X. D., Yuan, A. F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, N. J., Zhang, T. J., Zhang, X. Y., and Zhu, Q. Q.

Subjects
Astroparticle physics, Physics, Range (particle radiation), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Radiation, gamma-ray: bursts, gamma-ray detector, Gamma Ray Burst, Observatory, Gamma-ray burst, Argo
Abstract

ARGO-YBJ (Astrophysical Radiation with Ground-based Observatory at YangBaJing) is a detector optimized to study small size air showers. It consists of a layer of Resistive Plate Counters (RPCs) covering an area of similar to 6500 m(2) and will be located in the Yangbajing Laboratory (Tibet, China) at 4300 m a.s.l. ARGO-YBJ will be devoted to a wide range of fundamental issues in cosmic rays and astroparticle physics, including in particular gamma-ray astronomy and gamma-ray bursts physics in the range 10 GeV divided by 500 TeV. The sensitivity of ARGO-YBJ to detect high energy GRBs is presented.

Published
1999

13. On Temporal Variations of the Multi-TeV Cosmic Ray Anisotropy using the Tibet III Air Shower Array

Author

H. C. Li, M. Ohnishi, Y. G. Wang, K. Kawata, S. Udo, A. F. Yuan, C. F. Feng, X. Y. Gao, Danzengluobu, A. Nagai, X. C. Yang, Q. Huang, M. Amenomori, H. Y. Jia, L. L. Jiang, Y. Q. Lou, H. R. Wu, H. B. Hu, Labaciren, H. H. He, Y. Yamamoto, Yu-Sa Wang, T. K. Sako, Z. Y. Feng, H. Nanjo, T. Shirai, Donghong Chen, K. Hibino, M. Sakata, Chihiro Kato, K. Mizutani, J. Y. Li, M. He, Y. Katayose, X. R. Meng, X. Y. Zhang, Jia Zhang, S. Torii, Gui-Ming Le, C. X. Liu, Haibing Hu, L. Xue, C. Fan, Zhaoyang Feng, Masaki Nishizawa, G. C. Yu, Takashi Saito, Huaguang Wang, Q. B. Gou, I. Ohta, N. Tateyama, Kazuoki Munakata, S. Ozawa, Ang Li, Ning Zhang, F. Kajino, Y. Zhang, Harufumi Tsuchiya, N. Hotta, H. W. Guo, A. Shiomi, L. K. Ding, Z. H. Ye, X. H. Ding, T. Yuda, S. Yasue, B. S. Wang, Zhaxisangzhu, Masato Takita, Y. H. Tan, H. M. Zhang, X. X. Zhou, H. Sugimoto, Q. X. Geng, C. T. Yan, K. Kasahara, J. Mu, Jing Huang, X. J. Bi, M. Shibata, Yi Zhang, Takeshi Saito, Ying Zhang, S. W. Cui, and H. Lu

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Observation period, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Solar cycle, Air shower, Space and Planetary Science, Sidereal time, Solar Activities, Magnitude (astronomy), Physics::Space Physics, Anisotropy, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We analyze the large-scale two-dimensional sidereal anisotropy of multi-TeV cosmic rays by Tibet Air Shower Array, with the data taken from 1999 November to 2008 December. To explore temporal variations of the anisotropy, the data set is divided into nine intervals, each in a time span of about one year. The sidereal anisotropy of magnitude about 0.1% appears fairly stable from year to year over the entire observation period of nine years. This indicates that the anisotropy of TeV Galactic cosmic rays remains insensitive to solar activities since the observation period covers more than a half of the 23rd solar cycle., 18 pages, 2 figures, accepted by The Astrophysical Journal

Published
2010

14. An Updated Search of Steady TeV $\gamma-$Ray Point Sources in Northern Hemisphere Using the Tibet Air Shower Array

Author

Z. H. Ye, X. Y. Zhang, Y. Wang, H. Y. Jia, J. R. Ren, X. C. Yang, Ji-Long Zhang, Y. G. Wang, X. R. Meng, Han-Rong Wu, Haibing Hu, S. W. Cui, L. K. Ding, Hui-Min Zhang, C. Fan, Hui Wang, Hong-Bo Hu, H. W. Guo, X. J. Bi, Xiao-Hong Ding, You-Heng Tan, X. X. Zhou, Zhaoyang Feng, Ang Li, Yi Zhang, M. He, Q Huang, Jy Li, S. L. Lu, Yong Zhang, Zhaxisangzhu, C. F. Feng, Z. Y. Feng, L. Xue, B. Wang, GC Yu, Y. Q. Lou, Q. Yuan, N. J. Zhang, Gui-Ming Le, A. F. Yuan, H. Lu, Q. X. Geng, Danzengluobu, Labaciren, X. Y. Gao, Huihai He, and J. Mu

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Northern Hemisphere, Gamma ray, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Flux, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Declination, Power law, Air shower, Crab Nebula, Sky, Instrumentation, media_common
Abstract

Using the data taken from Tibet II High Density (HD) Array (1997 February-1999 September) and Tibet-III array (1999 November-2005 November), our previous northern sky survey for TeV $\gamma-$ray point sources has now been updated by a factor of 2.8 improved statistics. From $0.0^{\circ}$ to $60.0^{\circ}$ in declination (Dec) range, no new TeV $\gamma-$ray point sources with sufficiently high significance were identified while the well-known Crab Nebula and Mrk421 remain to be the brightest TeV $\gamma-$ray sources within the field of view of the Tibet air shower array. Based on the currently available data and at the 90% confidence level (C.L.), the flux upper limits for different power law index assumption are re-derived, which are approximately improved by 1.7 times as compared with our previous reported limits., Comment: This paper has been accepted by hepnp

Published
2008

15. The energy spectrum of all-particle cosmic rays around the knee region observed with the Tibet-III air-shower array

Author

K. Hibino, Haibing Hu, Y. G. Wang, Ning Zhang, Zhaxisangzhu, Y. Zhang, A. Shiomi, N. Hotta, H. Wang, A. F. Yuan, Y. H. Tan, Shuwang Cui, X. J. Bi, C. T. Yan, Takashi Sako, S. Yasue, X. H. Ding, Masato Takita, Zhenyong Feng, F. Kajino, T. Yuda, Xuan Zhang, X. X. Zhou, Z. H. Ye, Jieru Ren, H. Sugimoto, Y. Q. Lou, X. R. Meng, M. Amenomori, Shunsuke Ozawa, Labaciren, Zhaoyang Feng, M. Ohnishi, Y. Katayose, Y. Yamamoto, H. H. He, Chihiro Kato, Hong Wu, Shoji Torii, M. He, Q. Huang, D. Chen, G. C. Yu, K. Mizutani, T. Ouchi, S. L. Lu, X. Y. Gao, X. Wang, Danzengluobu, A. Nagai, Jia Zhang, L. Xue, I. Ohta, Kazuoki Munakata, H. W. Guo, M. Shibata, S. Ayabe, B. Wang, H. Onuma, T. Sasaki, Hailan Hu, Masaki Nishizawa, Hong-peng Lu, S. Udo, H. M. Zhang, G. M. Le, H. Nanjo, T. Shirai, M. Sakata, Cunfeng Feng, X. C. Yang, H. Y. Jia, N. Tateyama, Harufumi Tsuchiya, To. Saito, Katsuaki Kasahara, J. Mu, A. F. Li, Jing Huang, Q. X. Geng, Liming Ding, Yi Zhang, Takeshi Saito, Kazumasa Kawata, and J. Y. Li

Subjects
Physics, Systematic error, Atmospheric Science, Range (particle radiation), Spectral index, Astrophysics (astro-ph), knee, Aerospace Engineering, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Knee region, air shower, Geophysics, Air shower, cosmic rays, Space and Planetary Science, Energy spectrum, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Particle
Abstract

We have already reported the first result on the all-particle spectrum around the knee region based on data from 2000 November to 2001 October observed by the Tibet-III air-shower array. In this paper, we present an updated result using data set collected in the period from 2000 November through 2004 October in a wide range over 3 decades between $10^{14}$ eV and $10^{17}$ eV, in which the position of the knee is clearly seen at around 4 PeV. The spectral index is -2.68 $\pm$ 0.02(stat.) below 1PeV, while it is -3.12 $\pm$ 0.01(stat.) above 4 PeV in the case of QGSJET+HD model, and various systematic errors are under study now., Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures, accepted by Advances in space research

Published
2008
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16. New estimation of the spectral index of high-energy cosmic rays as determined by the Compton-Getting anisotropy

Author

S. Yasue, Hong Wu, X. Y. Gao, Y. G. Wang, Chihiro Kato, M. He, Xuan Zhang, H. Sugimoto, A. F. Yuan, T. K. Sako, Gui-Ming Le, Y. Yamamoto, Y. H. Tan, Zhaoyang Feng, Cunfeng Feng, M. Shibata, Yu Wang, N. Hotta, Shoji Torii, L. Xue, Huihai He, C. Fan, Yi Zhang, Katsuaki Kasahara, Hong-peng Lu, X. J. Bi, Harufumi Tsuchiya, Liming Ding, Labaciren, S. L. Lu, J. Mu, K. Kawata, Hailan Hu, H. Onuma, K. Mizutani, X. C. Yang, Xiaoqun Wang, X. H. Ding, Zhenyong Feng, H. M. Zhang, S. Udo, K. Hibino, Haibing Hu, Jing Huang, Masato Takita, M. Sakata, H. Nanjo, G. C. Yu, Y. Katayose, H. Y. Jia, H. W. Guo, M. Amenomori, D. Chen, J. R. Ren, J. Y. Li, Y. Zhang, A. Shiomi, B. Wang, Shuwang Cui, C. T. Yan, Y. Q. Lou, To. Saito, M. Ohnishi, T. Shirai, T. Yuda, Ang Li, J. L. Zhang, Kazuoki Munakata, Ning Zhang, F. Kajino, Zhaxisangzhu, X. R. Meng, Z. H. Ye, X. X. Zhou, Masaki Nishizawa, T. Ouchi, Q. Huang, Shunsuke Ozawa, Danzengluobu, A. Nagai, H. Wang, I. Ohta, Q. X. Geng, N. Tateyama, and Takashi Saito

Subjects
Physics, Spectral index, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Hadron, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Measure (mathematics), Atmosphere, Amplitude, Space and Planetary Science, Energy spectrum, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, Anisotropy
Abstract

The amplitude of the Compton-Getting (CG) anisotropy contains the power-law index of the cosmic-ray energy spectrum. Based on this relation and using the Tibet air-shower array data, we measure the cosmic-ray spectral index to be $-3.03 \pm 0.55_{stat} \pm < 0.62_{syst}$ between 6 TeV and 40 TeV, consistent with $-$2.7 from direct energy spectrum measurements. Potentially, this CG anisotropy analysis can be utilized to confirm the astrophysical origin of the ``knee'' against models for non-standard hadronic interactions in the atmosphere., accepted to ApJL

Published
2007
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17. Moon Shadow by Cosmic Rays under the Influence of Geomagnetic Field and Search for Antiprotons at Multi-TeV Energies

Author

Q. Huang, G. M. Le, Katsuaki Kasahara, Masaki Nishizawa, X. Y. Gao, Danzengluobu, A. Nagai, Takeshi Saito, H. Nanjo, T. Shirai, Kazumasa Kawata, F. Kajino, K. Mizutani, Labaciren, Z. H. Ye, X. H. Ding, Jieru Ren, Zhaxisangzhu, Xuan Zhang, Z. Y. Feng, N. Tateyama, X. J. Bi, M. Amenomori, C. T. Yan, Shunsuke Ozawa, Y. Q. Lou, S. Ayabe, S. Yasue, H. M. Zhang, X. X. Zhou, Harufumi Tsuchiya, T. Yuda, Y. Katayose, H. Sugimoto, G. C. Yu, Masato Takita, H. R. Wu, M. Ohnishi, D. Chen, M. Shibata, X. Wang, T. Ouchi, Chihiro Kato, Y. G. Wang, X. C. Yang, M. He, J. Mu, A. F. Li, Yi Zhang, Haibing Hu, H. W. Guo, I. Ohta, Jing Huang, H. B. Hu, K. Hibino, Takashi Sako, A. F. Yuan, L. Xue, Y. Zhang, H. Y. Jia, M. Sakata, Q. X. Geng, X. R. Meng, A. Shiomi, Ning Zhang, Zhaoyang Feng, Cunfeng Feng, N. Hotta, Hsiao-Chi Lu, Kazuoki Munakata, Jia Zhang, H. Onuma, T. Sasaki, Y. Yamamoto, Takashi Saito, Huaguang Wang, L. K. Ding, S. Udo, Shuwang Cui, Y. H. Tan, H. H. He, S. L. Lu, Shoji Torii, J. Y. Li, and B. Wang

Subjects
Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Gamma ray, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Cosmology, Charged particle, Physics::Geophysics, Air shower, Earth's magnetic field, Antiproton, Shadow, Physics::Space Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

We have observed the shadowing of galactic cosmic ray flux in the direction of the moon, the so-called moon shadow, using the Tibet-III air shower array operating at Yangbajing (4300 m a.s.l.) in Tibet since 1999. Almost all cosmic rays are positively charged; for that reason, they are bent by the geomagnetic field, thereby shifting the moon shadow westward. The cosmic rays will also produce an additional shadow in the eastward direction of the moon if cosmic rays contain negatively charged particles, such as antiprotons, with some fraction. We selected 1.5 x10^{10} air shower events with energy beyond about 3 TeV from the dataset observed by the Tibet-III air shower array and detected the moon shadow at $\sim 40 \sigma$ level. The center of the moon was detected in the direction away from the apparent center of the moon by 0.23$^\circ$ to the west. Based on these data and a full Monte Carlo simulation, we searched for the existence of the shadow produced by antiprotons at the multi-TeV energy region. No evidence of the existence of antiprotons was found in this energy region. We obtained the 90% confidence level upper limit of the flux ratio of antiprotons to protons as 7% at multi-TeV energies., Comment: 13pages,4figures; Accepted for publication in Astroparticle Physics

Published
2007
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18. Underground Water Cherenkov Muon Detector Array with the Tibet Air Shower Array for Gamma-Ray Astronomy in the 100 TeV Region

Author

M. Amenomori, S. Ayabe, X. J. Bi, D. Chen, S. W. Cui, null Danzengluobu, L. K. Ding, X. H. Ding, C. F. Feng, Zhaoyang Feng, Z. Y. Feng, X. Y. Gao, Q. X. Geng, H. W. Guo, H. H. He, M. He, K. Hibino, N. Hotta, Haibing Hu, H. B. Hu, J. Huang, Q. Huang, H. Y. Jia, F. Kajino, K. Kasahara, Y. Katayose, C. Kato, K. Kawata, null Labaciren, G. M. Le, A. F. Li, J. Y. Li, H. Lu, S. L. Lu, X. R. Meng, K. Mizutani, J. Mu, K. Munakata, A. Nagai, H. Nanjo, M. Nishizawa, M. Ohnishi, I. Ohta, H. Onuma, T. Ouchi, S. Ozawa, J. R. Ren, T. Saito, T. Y. Saito, M. Sakata, T. K. Sako, T. Sasaki, M. Shibata, A. Shiomi, T. Shirai, H. Sugimoto, M. Takita, Y. H. Tan, N. Tateyama, S. Torii, H. Tsuchiya, S. Udo, B. Wang, H. Wang, X. Wang, Y. G. Wang, H. R. Wu, L. Xue, Y. Yamamoto, C. T. Yan, X. C. Yang, S. Yasue, Z. H. Ye, G. C. Yu, A. F. Yuan, T. Yuda, H. M. Zhang, J. L. Zhang, N. J. Zhang, X. Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Yi Zhang, null Zhaxisangzhu, and X. X. Zhou

Subjects
Physics, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Hadron, Detector, Antenna aperture, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Gamma ray, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Gamma-ray astronomy, Physics::Geophysics, Nuclear physics, Air shower, Space and Planetary Science, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

We propose to build a large water-Cherenkov-type muon-detector array (Tibet MD array) around the 37,000 m$^{2}$ Tibet air shower array (Tibet AS array) already constructed at 4,300 m above sea level in Tibet, China. Each muon detector is a waterproof concrete pool, 6 m wide $\times$ 6 m long $\times$ 1.5 m deep in size, equipped with a 20 inch-in-diameter PMT. The Tibet MD array consists of 240 muon detectors set up 2.5 m underground. Its total effective area will be 8,640 m$^{2}$ for muon detection. The Tibet MD array will significantly improve gamma-ray sensitivity of the Tibet AS array in the 100 TeV region (10-1000 TeV) by means of gamma/hadron separation based on counting the number of muons accompanying an air shower. The Tibet AS+MD array will have the sensitivity to gamma rays in the 100 TeV region by an order of magnitude better than any other previous existing detectors in the world., 4 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science, proceeding of "The Multi-Messenger Approach to High-Energy Gamma-Ray Sources", Barcelona, July 4-7, 2006

Published
2006

19. Anisotropy and Corotation of Galactic Cosmic Rays

Author

X. Y. Gao, Kazumasa Kawata, N. Tateyama, H. Nanjo, Shoji Torii, T. Shirai, J. Y. Li, Harufumi Tsuchiya, X. H. Ding, Jieru Ren, Zhenyong Feng, M. Amenomori, I. Ohta, H. Sugimoto, X. X. Zhou, Q. Huang, H. H. He, Shunsuke Ozawa, Z. H. Ye, Haibing Hu, S. L. Lu, Yi Zhang, Takashi Sako, Zhaoyang Feng, Shuwang Cui, K. Mizutani, L. Xue, Y. Zhang, Y. Yamamoto, B. Wang, Y. G. Wang, M. Shibata, X. C. Yang, A. Shiomi, Hong-peng Lu, Liming Ding, S. Yasue, M. Ohnishi, X. Wang, Masaki Nishizawa, C. T. Yan, Hailan Hu, Masato Takita, Zhaxisangzhu, Y. Q. Lou, H. M. Zhang, G. M. Le, Xuan Zhang, Labaciren, J. Mu, K. Hibino, A. F. Li, Y. H. Tan, T. Yuda, Jing Huang, H. Y. Jia, A. Nagai, Y. Katayose, M. Sakata, D. Chen, H. Onuma, T. Sasaki, Danzengluobu, Cunfeng Feng, T. Ouchi, H. W. Guo, Ning Zhang, X. J. Bi, N. Hotta, J. L. Zhang, Hong Wu, Kazuoki Munakata, Katsuaki Kasahara, G. C. Yu, To. Saito, A. F. Yuan, Chihiro Kato, M. He, S. Udo, Q. X. Geng, Takashi Saito, H. Wang, F. Kajino, S. Ayabe, and X. R. Meng

Subjects
Physics, Multidisciplinary, Milky Way, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Galactic plane, Supernova, Air shower, Galactic corona, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, Anisotropy, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

The intensity of Galactic cosmic rays is nearly isotropic because of the influence of magnetic fields in the Milky Way. Here, we present two-dimensional high-precision anisotropy measurement for energies from a few to several hundred teraelectronvolts (TeV), using the large data sample of the Tibet Air Shower Arrays. Besides revealing finer details of the known anisotropies, a new component of Galactic cosmic ray anisotropy in sidereal time is uncovered around the Cygnus region direction. For cosmic-ray energies up to a few hundred TeV, all components of anisotropies fade away, showing a corotation of Galactic cosmic rays with the local Galactic magnetic environment. These results have broad implications for a comprehensive understanding of cosmic rays, supernovae, magnetic fields, and heliospheric and Galactic dynamic environments.

Published
2006

20. Observation by an Air-Shower Array in Tibet of the Multi-TeV Cosmic-Ray Anisotropy due to Terrestrial Orbital Motion Around the Sun

Author

M. Ohnishi, M. Sakata, Danzengluobu, Kazuoki Munakata, A. F. Yuan, Cunfeng Feng, Z. H. Ye, Xuan Zhang, I. Ohta, Y. Katayose, N. Tateyama, Harufumi Tsuchiya, L. Xue, Jieru Ren, Katsuaki Kasahara, Y. E. Tan, T. Yuda, X. C. Yang, H. Nanjo, K. Hibino, N. Hotta, H. R. Wu, C. T. Yan, H. W. Guo, T. Shirai, H. M. Zhang, X. X. Zhou, Yu Wang, H. B. Hu, H. Sugimoto, Hsiao-Chi Lu, X. Y. Gao, Takeshi Saito, X. H. Ding, K. Mizutani, G. C. Yu, B. S. Wang, Zhaxisangzhu, M. Amenomori, Haibing Hu, Kazumasa Kawata, Shunsuke Ozawa, M. Shibata, Y. Zhang, A. Shiomi, J. Mu, H. Y. Jia, S. W. Cui, Jing Huang, S. Yasue, Masato Takita, S. Udo, S. Mori, Masaki Nishizawa, Q. Huang, G. M. Le, T. Ouchi, J. Y. Li, Shoji Torii, Y. Yamamoto, N. J. Zhang, L. K. Ding, T. Utsugi, Jia Zhang, H. Onuma, T. Sasaki, H. H. He, S. L. Lu, Chihiro Kato, M. He, Labaciren, F. Kajino, Z. Y. Feng, S. Ayabe, X. R. Meng, Q. X. Geng, X. Wang, and Huaguang Wang

Subjects
Physics, Modulation effect, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Diurnal temperature variation, Astrophysics (astro-ph), General Physics and Astronomy, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Air shower, Orbital motion, Physics::Space Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Variation (astronomy), Anisotropy, Event (particle physics)
Abstract

We report on the solar diurnal variation of the galactic cosmic-ray intensity observed by the Tibet III air shower array during the period from 1999 to 2003. In the higher-energy event samples (12 TeV and 6.2 TeV), the variations are fairly consistent with the Compton-Getting anisotropy due to the terrestrial orbital motion around the sun, while the variation in the lower-energy event sample (4.0 TeV) is inconsistent with this anisotropy. This suggests an additional anisotropy superposed at the multi-TeV energies, e.g. the solar modulation effect. This is the highest-precision measurement of the Compton-Getting anisotropy ever made., Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, includes .bbl file

Published
2004
Full Text
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21. The ARGO-YBJ experiment in Tibet

Author

A. ALOISIO, C. BACCI, K. Z. BAO, F. BARONE, B. BARTOLI, P. BERNARDINI, C. BLEVE, P. BRANCHINI, S. BUSSINO, E. CALLONI, P. CAMARRI, B. Y. CAO, R. CARDARELLI, M. CASOLINO, S. CATALANOTTI, A. CAVALIERE, S. CAVALIERE, F. CESARONI, M. CHA, P. CRETI, G. CUSIMANO, G. D'ALI STAITI, DANZENGLUOBU, V. D'ELIA, B. D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, M. DE VINCENZI, T. DI GIROLAMO, G. DI SCIASCIO, Z. Y. FENG, Y. FU, X. Y. GAO, Q. X. GENG, H. W. GUO, H. H. HE, Q. HUANG, M. IACOVACCI, N. IUCCI, H. Y. JAI, F. M. KONG, H. H. KUANG, LABACIREN, B. LI, J. Y. LI, B. LIBERTI, G. LIGUORI, Z. Q. LIU, H. LU, X. H. MA, G. MANCARELLA, S. M. MARI, MARSELLA, GIOVANNI, MARTELLO, Daniele, X. R. MENG, L. MILANO, T. MINEO, J. MU, L. NICASTRO, D. ORLANDO, A. PAOLONI, Z. R. PENG, P. PISTILLI, G. RASO, B. SACCO, L. SAGGESE, R. SANTONICO, L. SCARSI, P. R. SHEN, C. STANESCU, M. STORINI, L. R. SUN, S. C. SUN, A. SURDO, Y. H. TAN, P. VALLANIA, S. VERNETTO, C. R. WANG, H. WANG, H. Y. WANG, Y. N. WEI, Q. K. YAO, G. C. YU, X. D. YUE, A. F. YUAN, H. M. ZHANG, J. L. ZHANG, N. J. ZHANG, T. J. ZHANG, X. Y. ZHANG, ZHAXISANGZHU, ZHAXICIREN, Q. Q. ZHU, DE MITRI, Ivan, PANAREO, Marco, Aloisio, A., Bacci, C., Bao, K. Z., Barone, F., Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bleve, C., Branchini, P., Bussino, S., Calloni, E., Camarri, P., Cao, B. Y., Cardarelli, R., Casolino, M., Catalanotti, S., Cavaliere, A., Cavaliere, S., Cesaroni, F., Cha, M., Creti, P., Cusimano, G., D'ALI STAITI, G., Danzengluobu, D'Elia, V., DE MITRI, Ivan, D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, B., DE VINCENZI, M., DI GIROLAMO, T., DI SCIASCIO, G., Feng, Z. Y., Fu, Y., Gao, X. Y., Geng, Q. X., Guo, H. W., H. H., He, Huang, Q., Iacovacci, M., Iucci, N., Jai, H. Y., Kong, F. M., Kuang, H. H., Labaciren, Li, B., J. Y., Li, Liberti, B., Liguori, G., Liu, Z. Q., Lu, H., X. H., Ma, Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, Giovanni, Martello, Daniele, Meng, X. R., Milano, L., Mineo, T., Mu, J., Nicastro, L., Orlando, D., Panareo, Marco, Paoloni, A., Peng, Z. R., Pistilli, P., Raso, G., Sacco, B., Saggese, L., Santonico, R., Scarsi, L., Shen, P. R., Stanescu, C., Storini, M., Sun, L. R., Sun, S. C., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Wang, C. R., Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wei, Y. N., Yao, Q. K., G. C., Yu, Yue, X. D., Yuan, A. F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, N. J., Zhang, T. J., Zhang, X. Y., Zhaxisangzhu, Zhaxiciren, and Zhu, Q. Q.

Subjects
Ground based detectors, Gamma-ray sources, Gamma-ray bursts, Cosmic rays
Published
2001

22. Tibet air shower array: results and future plan

Author

M Amenomori, X J Bi, D Chen, S W Cui, null Danzengluobu, L K Ding, X H Ding, C Fan, C F Feng, Z Feng, Z Y Feng, X Y Gao, Q X Geng, H W Guo, H H He, M He, K Hibino, N Hotta, H Hu, H B Hu, J Huang, Q Huang, H Y Jia, F Kajino, K Kasahara, Y Katayose, C Kato, K Kawata, null Labaciren, G M Le, A F Li, J Y Li, Y -Q Lou, H Lu, S L Lu, X R Meng, K Mizutani, J Mu, K Munakata, A Nagai, H Nanjo, M Nishizawa, M Ohnishi, I Ohta, H Onuma, T Ouchi, S Ozawa, J R Ren, T Saito, T Y Saito, M Sakata, T K Sako, M Shibata, A Shiomi, T Shirai, H Sugimoto, M Takita, Y H Tan, N Tateyama, S Torii, H Tsuchiya, S Udo, B Wang, H Wang, X Wang, Y Wang, Y G Wang, H R Wu, L Xue, Y Yamamoto, C T Yan, X C Yang, S Yasue, Z H Ye, G C Yu, A F Yuan, T Yuda, H M Zhang, J L Zhang, N J Zhang, X Y Zhang, Y Zhang, null Zhaxisangzhu, X X Zhou, and The Tibet ASγ Collaboration

Subjects
History, Geography, Altitude, Air shower, Meteorology, Plan (archaeology), Sea level, Computer Science Applications, Education, Muon detector
Abstract

The Tibet air shower array, which has an effective area of 36,900 m2, has been in operation at Yangbajing in Tibet, China at an altitude of 4,300 m above sea level. In this paper, we will briefly introduce the recent gamma-ray observation with the present Tibet air shower array and our future plan which is called the Tibet muon detector (MD) project.

Published
2008

23. Results from the ARGO-YBJ test experiment

Author

B.Y. Cao, X.D. Yue, S. Catalanotti, M. Panareo, J. Mu, Y Fu, M. Iacovacci, A. F. Yuan, R. Santonico, P. Creti, B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli, Q. Q. Zhu, G. Di Sciascio, J. Y. Li, H.Y. Jai, H. H. He, H.T. Yang, Labaciren, Severino Angelo Maria Bussino, J. Su, M. De Vincenzi, F.M. Kong, M. He, B. Bartoli, Dongming Mei, Zhaxiciren, C. Bacci, T. Di Girolamo, G.C. Yu, Cristian Stanescu, A. Cavaliere, T.J. Zhang, Z.Y. Feng, Y.N. Wei, Hong-peng Lu, Q.K. Yao, F. Wang, S. Vernetto, Q. X. Geng, X. Y. Gao, Danzengluobu, Bing Li, Giovanni Mancarella, P. Pistilli, H. M. Zhang, H.H. Kuang, S. M. Mari, K.Z. Bao, Sergio Cavaliere, X. Y. Zhang, Fabrizio Barone, A. Morselli, N.J. Zhang, G. Marsella, P. R. Shen, H.Y. Wang, A. Surdo, H.W. Guo, S.C. Sun, Q. Huang, C.R. Wang, Roberto Cardarelli, Enrico Calloni, X. R. Meng, X. H. Ma, N. Iucci, Y. H. Tan, J.L. Zhang, D. Martello, Z.Q. Liu, F Cesaroni, P. Bernardini, Zhaxisangzhu, L. Milano, Z.R. Peng, L.R. Sun, C., Bacci, K. Z., Bao, F., Barone, B., Bartoli, Bernardini, Paolo, S., Bussino, E., Calloni, B. Y., Cao, R., Cardarelli, S., Catalanotti, A., Cavaliere, S., Cavaliere, F., Cesaroni, P., Creti, Danzengluobu, B., D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, M., DE VINCENZI, T., DI GIROLAMO, G., DI SCIASCIO, Z. Y., Feng, Y., Fu, X. Y., Gao, Q. X., Geng, H. W., Guo, H. H., He, M., He, Q., Huang, M., Iacovacci, N., Iucci, H. Y., Jai, F. M., Kong, H. H., Kuang, Labaciren, B., Li, J. Y., Li, Z. Q., Liu, H., Lu, X. H., Ma, Mancarella, Giovanni, S. M., Mari, Marsella, Giovanni, Martello, Daniele, D. M., Mei, X. R., Meng, L., Milano, A., Morselli, J., Mu, Panareo, Marco, Z. R., Peng, P., Pistilli, R., Santonico, P. R., Shen, C., Stanescu, J., Su, L. R., Sun, S. C., Sun, A., Surdo, Y. H., Tan, S., Vernetto, C. R., Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wang, Y. N., Wei, H. T., Yang, Q. K., Yao, G. C., Yu, X. D., Yue, A. F., Yuan, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, N. J., Zhang, T. J., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhaxiciren, Q. Q., Zhu, Bacci, C, Bao, Kz, Barone, F, Bartoli, B, Bernardini, P, Bussino, S, Calloni, E, Cao, By, Cardarelli, R, Catalanotti, S, Cavaliere, A, Cavaliere, S, Cesaroni, F, Creti, P, Piazzoli, Bd, DE VINCENZI, M, DI GIROLAMO, T, DI SCIASCIO, G, Feng, Zy, Fu, Y, Gao, Xy, Geng, Qx, Guo, Hw, He, Hh, He, M, Huang, Q, Iacovacci, M, Iucci, N, Jai, Hy, Kong, Fm, Kuang, Hh, Li, B, Li, Jy, Liu, Zq, Lu, H, Ma, Xh, Mancarella, G, Mari, Sm, Mei, Dm, Meng, Xr, Milano, L, Morselli, A, Mu, J, Peng, Zr, Pistilli, P, Santonico, R, Shen, Pr, Stanescu, C, Su, J, Sun, Lr, Sun, Sc, Surdo, A, Tan, Yh, Vernetto, S, Wang, Cr, Wang, F, Wang, Hy, Wei, Yn, Yang, Ht, Yao, Qk, Yu, Gc, Yue, Xd, Yuan, Af, Zhang, Hm, Zhang, Jl, Zhang, Nj, Zhang, Tj, Zhang, Xy, Zhu, Qq, Bartoli, Bruno, P., Bernardini, Calloni, Enrico, Catalanotti, Sergio, D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, Benedetto, M. D., Vincenzi, DI GIROLAMO, Tristano, G. D., Sciascio, Iacovacci, Michele, G., Mancarella, G., Marsella, D., Martello, M., Panareo, and F., Wang

Subjects
gamma-ray detectors, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Engineering, Shower, Air shower, Altitude, Meteorology, business.industry, business, Gamma rays: burst, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Argo
Abstract

An RPC carpet covering similar to 10(4) m(2) (ARGO-YBJ experiment) will be installed in the YangBaJing Laboratory (Tibet, P.R. China) at an altitude of 4300 m a.s.l.. A test-module of similar to 50 m(2) has been put in operation in this laboratory and about 10(6) air shower events have been collected. The carpet capability of reconstructing the shower features is presented.

24. Performance of the RPCs for the ARGO detector operated at the YangBaJing laboratory (4300m a.s.l.)

Author

Bacci, C., Bao, K. Z., Barone, Fabrizio, Bartoli, B., Bastieri, D., Bernardini, P., Buonomo, R., Bussino, S., Calloni, E., Cao, B. Y., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Cavaliere, A., Cesaroni, F., Creti, P., Danzengluobu, D'Ettorre Piazzoli, B., De Vincenzi, M., Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, Z. Y., Fu, Y., Gao, X. Y., Geng, Q. X., Guo, H. W., H. H., He, He, M., Huang, Q., Iacovacci, M., Iucci, N., Jai, H. Y., Kong, F. M., Kuang, H. H., Labaciren, Li, B., J. Y., Li, Liu, Z. Q., Lu, H., X. H., Ma, Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Mei, D. M., Meng, X. R., Milano, L., Morselli, A., Mu, J., Oliviero, M., Padovani, P., Panareo, M., Parisi, M., Pellizzoni, G., Peng, Z. R., Pistilli, P., Santonico, R., Sartori, G., Sbarra, C., Severino, G., Shen, P. R., Sparvoli, R., Stanescu, C., Su, J., Sun, L. R., Sun, S. C., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vernetto, S., Vietri, M., Wang, C. R., Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wei, Y. N., Yang, H. T., Yao, Q. K., G. C., Yu, Yue, X. D., Yuan, A. F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, N. J., Zhang, T. J., Zhang, X. Y., Zhaxisangzhu, Zhaxiciren, Zhu, Q. Q., Bacci, C, Bao, Kz, Barone, F, Bartoli, B, Bernardini, P, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Calloni, E, Cao, By, Cardarelli, R, Catalanotti, S, Cavaliere, S, Cesaroni, F, Creti, P, Danzengluobu, Piazzoli, Bd, De Vincenzi, M, Di Girolamo, T, Di Sciascio, G, Feng, Zy, Fu, Y, Gao, Xy, Geng, Qx, Guo, Hw, He, Hh, He, M, Huang, Q, Iacovacci, M, Iucci, N, Jai, Hy, Jing, Cl, Kong, Fm, Kuang, Hh, Labaciren, Li, B, Li, Jy, Liu, Zq, Lu, H, Ma, Xh, Mancarella, G, Mari, Stefano Maria, Marsella, G, Martello, D, Meng, Xr, Milano, L, Mu, J, Panareo, M, Peng, Zr, Pistilli, P, Saggese, L, Santonico, R, Shen, Pr, Stanescu, C, Sun, Lr, Sun, Sc, Surdo, A, Tan, Yh, Vernetto, S, Wang, Cr, Wang, H, Wang, Hy, Wei, Yn, Yang, Ht, Yao, Q, Yu, Gc, Yue, Xd, Yuan, Af, Zha, M, Zhang, Hm, Zhang, Jl, Zhang, Nj, Zhang, Xy, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhaxiciren, Zhu, Qq, C., Bacci, K. Z., Bao, F., Barone, Bartoli, Bruno, P., Bernardini, S., Bussino, Calloni, Enrico, B. Y., Cao, R., Cardarelli, Catalanotti, Sergio, S., Cavaliere, F., Cesaroni, P., Creti, D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, Benedetto, M. D., Vincenzi, DI GIROLAMO, Tristano, G. D., Sciascio, Z. Y., Feng, Y., Fu, X. Y., Gao, Q. X., Geng, H. W., Guo, H. H., He, M., He, Q., Huang, Iacovacci, Michele, N., Iucci, H. Y., Jai, C. L., Jing, F. M., Kong, H. H., Kuang, B., Li, J. Y., Li, Z. Q., Liu, H., Lu, X. H., Ma, G., Mancarella, S. M., Mari, G., Marsella, D., Martello, X. R., Meng, L., Milano, J., Mu, M., Panareo, Z. R., Peng, P., Pistilli, L., Saggese, R., Santonico, P. R., Shen, C., Stanescu, L. R., Sun, S. C., Sun, A., Surdo, Y. H., Tan, S., Vernetto, C. R., Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wang, Y. N., Wei, H. T., Yang, Q., Yao, G. C., Yu, X. D., Yue, A. F., Yuan, M., Zha, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, N. J., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Q. Q., Zhu, B., Bartoli, Bernardini, Paolo, E., Calloni, S., Catalanotti, B., D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, M., DE VINCENZI, T., DI GIROLAMO, G., DI SCIASCIO, M., Iacovacci, Mancarella, Giovanni, Marsella, Giovanni, Martello, Daniele, Panareo, Marco, and Q. K., Yao

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Gamma-ray Astronomy, Extensive air showers, RPCs, Gamma-ray astronomy, Detector, Astronomy, Extensive Air Shower, Time resolution, ARGO-YBJ experiment, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Operating temperature, Bakelite, Instrumentation, Argo, Counting rate, Remote sensing
Abstract

Bakelite RPCs, assembled according to the ARGO design, have been operated in the high altitude Laboratory of YBJ using dedicated electronics to pick-up the streamer signal. Here we report on the results concerning absorbed current, single counting rate, efficiency and time resolution. Environmental data concerning the operating temperature inside the ARGO experimental hall are also reported. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2003

25. Results from the ARGO-YBJ test experiment ARGO-YBJ collaboration

Author

Bacci C, Bao KZ, Barone F, Bartoli B, Bernardini P, BUSSINO, Severino Angelo Maria, Calloni E, Cao BY, Cardarelli R, Catalanotti S, Cavaliere S, Cesaroni F, Creti P, Danzengluobu, Piazzoli BD, De Vincenzi M, Di Girolamo T, Di Sciascio G, Feng ZY, Fu Y, Gao XY, Geng QX, Guo HW, He HH, He M, Huang Q, Iacovacci M, Iucci N, Jai HY, Jing CL, Kong FM, Kuang HH, Labaciren, Li B, Li JY, Liu ZQ, Lu H, Ma XH, Mancarella G, MARI, Stefano Maria, Marsella G, Martello D, Meng XR, Milano L, Mu J, Panareo M, Peng ZR, Pistilli P, Santonico R, Shen PR, Stanescu C, Sun LR, Sun SC, Surdo A, Tan YH, Vernetto S, Wang CR, Wang H, Wang HY, Wei YN, Yang HT, Yao QK, Yu GC, Yue XD, Yuan AF, Zha M, Zhang HM, Zhang JL, Zhang NJ, Zhang XY, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhaxiciren, Zhu QQ, C., Bacci, K. Z., Bao, F., Barone, Bartoli, Bruno, P., Bernardini, S., Bussino, Calloni, Enrico, B. Y., Cao, R., Cardarelli, Catalanotti, Sergio, S., Cavaliere, F., Cesaroni, P., Creti, Danzengluobu, D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, Benedetto, M. D., Vincenzi, DI GIROLAMO, Tristano, G. D., Sciascio, Z. Y., Feng, Y., Fu, X. Y., Gao, Q. X., Geng, H. W., Guo, H. H., He, M., He, Q., Huang, Iacovacci, Michele, N., Iucci, H. Y., Jai, C. L., Jing, F. M., Kong, H. H., Kuang, Labaciren, B., Li, J. Y., Li, Z. Q., Liu, H., Lu, X. H., Ma, G., Mancarella, S. M., Mari, G., Marsella, D., Martello, X. R., Meng, L., Milano, J., Mu, M., Panareo, Z. R., Peng, P., Pistilli, R., Santonico, P. R., Shen, C., Stanescu, L. R., Sun, S. C., Sun, A., Surdo, Y. H., Tan, S., Vernetto, C. R., Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wang, Y. N., Wei, H. T., Yang, Q. K., Yao, G. C., Yu, X. D., Yue, A. F., Yuan, M., Zha, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, N. J., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhaxiciren, Q. Q., Zhu, Bacci, C, Bao, Kz, Barone, F, Bartoli, B, Bernardini, P, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Calloni, E, Cao, By, Cardarelli, R, Catalanotti, S, Cavaliere, S, Cesaroni, F, Creti, P, Piazzoli, Bd, De Vincenzi, M, Di Girolamo, T, Di Sciascio, G, Feng, Zy, Fu, Y, Gao, Xy, Geng, Qx, Guo, Hw, He, Hh, He, M, Huang, Q, Iacovacci, M, Iucci, N, Jai, Hy, Jing, Cl, Kong, Fm, Kuang, Hh, Li, B, Li, Jy, Liu, Zq, Lu, H, Ma, Xh, Mancarella, G, Mari, Stefano Maria, Marsella, G, Martello, D, Meng, Xr, Milano, L, Mu, J, Panareo, M, Peng, Zr, Pistilli, P, Santonico, R, Shen, Pr, Stanescu, C, Sun, Lr, Sun, Sc, Surdo, A, Tan, Yh, Vernetto, S, Wang, Cr, Wang, H, Wang, Hy, Wei, Yn, Yang, Ht, Yao, Qk, Yu, Gc, Yue, Xd, Yuan, Af, Zha, M, Zhang, Hm, Zhang, Jl, Zhang, Nj, Zhang, Xy, and Zhu, Qq

Subjects
AIR SHOWERS, RPCS
Abstract

A resistive plate counters (RPCs) carpet of similar to50 m(2) has been put in operation in the Yangbajing Laboratory (Tibet, P.R. China) at 4300 in a.s.l., in order to study the RPCs performance at high altitude and the detector capability of imaging the EAS disc. This test has been performed in view of an enlarged use of RPCs for the ARGO-YBJ experiment. This experiment will be devoted to a wide range of fundamental issues in cosmic rays and astroparticle physics, including in particular gamma-ray astronomy and gamma-ray bursts physics at energies greater than or equal to 100 GeV. In this paper we present and discuss the procedures adopted to calibrate the detector and reconstruct the shower direction. Results concerning many shower features as the angular distribution, the density spectrum, the time profile of the shower front, are found well consistent with the expectation. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2002

26. Study on the performance of YBJ 50m(2) RPC carpet

Author

He HH, Bacci C, Bao KZ, Barone F, Bartoli B, Bernardini P, BUSSINO, Severino Angelo Maria, Calloni E, Cardarelli R, Catalanotti S, Cavaliere S, Cesaroni F, Cha M, Creti P, Danzengluobu, Piazzoli BD, de Vincenzi M, di Girolamo T, di Sciascio G, Feng ZY, Fu Y, Gao XY, Geng QX, Guo HW, He M, Huang Q, Iacovacci M, Iucci N, Jia HY, Jing CL, Kong FM, Kuang HH, Labaciren, Li JY, Liu CQ, Lu H, Ma XH, Mancarella G, Marsella G, Martello D, Meng XR, Milano L, Mu J, Peng ZR, Pistilli P, Qu RF, Santonico R, Sbarra C, Shen PR, Stanescu C, Sun LR, Sun SC, Surdo A, Tan YH, Vernetto S, Wang CR, Wang H, Wang HY, Wei YN, Yang HT, Yao QK, Yu GC, Yue XD, Yuan AF, Zhang HM, Zhang JL, Zhang NJ, Zhang XY, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhaxiciren, Zhu QQ, MARI, Stefano Maria, H. H., He, C., Bacci, K. Z., Bao, F., Barone, B., Bartoli, P., Bernardini, S., Bussino, E., Calloni, R., Cardarelli, S., Catalanotti, S., Cavaliere, F., Cesaroni, M., Cha, P., Creti, Danzengluobu, B. D., Piazzoli, M. d., Vincenzi, T. d., Girolamo, G. d., Sciascio, Z. Y., Feng, Y., Fu, X. Y., Gao, Q. X., Geng, H. W., Guo, M., He, Q., Huang, M., Iacovacci, N., Iucci, H. Y., Jia, C. L., Jing, F. M., Kong, H. H., Kuang, Labaciren, J. Y., Li, C. Q., Liu, H., Lu, X. H., Ma, Mancarella, Giovanni, S. M., Mari, Marsella, Giovanni, Martello, Daniele, X. R., Meng, L., Milano, J., Mu, Z. R., Peng, P., Pistilli, R. F., Qu, R., Santonico, C., Sbarra, P. R., Shen, C., Stanescu, L. R., Sun, S. C., Sun, A., Surdo, Y. H., Tan, S., Vernetto, C. R., Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wang, Y. N., Wei, H. T., Yang, Q. K., Yao, G. C., Yu, X. D., Yue, A. F., Yuan, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, N. J., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhaxiciren, Q. Q., Zhu, Bartoli, Bruno, Calloni, Enrico, Catalanotti, Sergio, D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, Benedetto, DI GIROLAMO, Tristano, Iacovacci, Michele, G., Mancarella, G., Marsella, D., Martello, He, Hh, Bacci, C, Bao, Kz, Barone, F, Bartoli, B, Bernardini, P, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Calloni, E, Cardarelli, R, Catalanotti, S, Cavaliere, S, Cesaroni, F, Cha, M, Creti, P, Piazzoli, Bd, de Vincenzi, M, di Girolamo, T, di Sciascio, G, Feng, Zy, Fu, Y, Gao, Xy, Geng, Qx, Guo, Hw, He, M, Huang, Q, Iacovacci, M, Iucci, N, Jia, Hy, Jing, Cl, Kong, Fm, Kuang, Hh, Li, Jy, Liu, Cq, Lu, H, Ma, Xh, Mancarella, G, Mari, Stefano Maria, Marsella, G, Martello, D, Meng, Xr, Milano, L, Mu, J, Peng, Zr, Pistilli, P, Qu, Rf, Santonico, R, Sbarra, C, Shen, Pr, Stanescu, C, Sun, Lr, Sun, Sc, Surdo, A, Tan, Yh, Vernetto, S, Wang, Cr, Wang, H, Wang, Hy, Wei, Yn, Yang, Ht, Yao, Qk, Yu, Gc, Yue, Xd, Yuan, Af, Zhang, Hm, Zhang, Jl, Zhang, Nj, Zhang, Xy, Zhu, Qq, Bussino, S, DE VINCENZI, M, DI GIROLAMO, T, DI SCIASCIO, G, and Mari, Sm

Abstract

The characteristics of a 50m(2) RPC carpet(prototype of YBJ-ARGO experiment)was analyzed using its test run data. A correction method of the systematic time error is suggested, and nonuniform azimuthal angle distribution possibly due to direction reconstruction error on an asymmetric carpet is reported.

Published
2001

27. Results from the analysis of data collected with a 50m(2) RPC carpet at YangBaJing

Author

THE ARGO YBJ COLLABORATION, G. AIELLI, R. ASSIRO, C. BACCI, B. BARTOLI, P. BERNARDINI, X. J. BI, B. BIONDO, C. BLEVE, S. BRICOLA, F. BUDANO, BUSSINO, Severino Angelo Maria, A. K. CALABRESE MELCARNE, P. CAMARRI, D. CAMPANA, Z. CAO, R. CARDARELLI, S. CATALANOTTI, S. CAVALIERE, P. CELIO, N. CHENG, P. CRETI, G. CUSUMANO, B. Z. DAI, G. DALI STAITI, DANZENGLUOBU, B. DAQUINO, E. DE MARINIS, I. DE MITRI, B. DETTORRE PIAZZOLI, M. DE VINCENZI, T. DI GIROLAMO, X. H. DING, G. DI SCIASCIO, C. F. FENG, ZHAOYANG FENG, ZHENYONG FENG, K. FRATINI, X. F. GAO, Q. B. GOU, H. H. HE, M. HE, HAIBING HU, HONGBO HU, Q. HUANG, M. IACOVACCI, I. JAMES, H. Y. JIA, LABACIREN, H. J. LI, J. Y. LI, B. LIBERTI, G. LIGUORI, C. Q. LIU, J. LIU, H. LU, G. MANCARELLA, A. MANGANO, G. MARSELLA, D. MARTELLO, S. MASTROIANNI, X. R. MENG, J. MU, L. NICASTRO, C. C. NING, M. PANAREO, L. PERRONE, C. PINO, C. PINTO, P. PISTILLI, E. ROSSI, L. SAGGESE, P. SALVINI, R. SANTONICO, P. R. SHEN, X. D. SHENG, F. SHI, C. STANESCU, A. SURDO, Y. H. TAN, P. VALLANIA, S. VERNETTO, H. WANG, YONGGANG WANG, YUNGANG WANG, C. Y. WU, H. R. WU, L. XUE, H. T. YANG, Q. Y. YANG, X. C. YANG, G. C. YU, A. F. YUAN, M. ZHA, H. M. ZHANG, J. L. ZHANG, L. ZHANG, N. J. ZHANG, P. ZHANG, X. Y. ZHANG, Y. ZHANG, ZHAXISANGZHU, X. X. ZHOL, F. R. ZHU, Q. Q. ZHU, MARI, Stefano Maria, Bacci, C., Bao, K. Z., Barone, F., Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bussino, S., Calloni, E., Cao, B. Y., Cardarelli, R., Catalanotti, S., Cavaliere, A., Cavaliere, S., Cesaroni, F., Creti, P., Danzengluobu, D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, B., DE VINCENZI, M., DI GIROLAMO, T., DI SCIASCIO, G., Feng, Z. Y., Fu, Y., Gao, X. Y., Geng, Q. X., Guo, H. W., H. H., He, He, M., Huang, Q., Iacovacci, M., Iucci, N., Jai, H. Y., Kong, F. M., Kuang, H. H., Labaciren, Li, B., J. Y., Li, Liu, Z. Q., Lu, H., X. H., Ma, Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, Giovanni, Martello, Daniele, Mei, D. M., Meng, X. R., Milano, L., Mu, J., Panareo, Marco, Pellizzoni, G., Peng, Z. R., Pinto, C., Pistilli, P., Reali, E., Santonico, R., Sbarra, C., Shen, P. R., Stanescu, C., Su, J., Sun, L. R., Sun, S. C., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vernetto, S., Wang, C. R., Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wei, Y. N., Yang, H. T., Yao, Q. K., G. C., Yu, Yue, X. D., Yuan, A. F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, N. J., Zhang, T. J., Zhang, X. Y., Zhaxisangzhu, Zhaxiciren, Zhu, Q. Q., C., Bacci, K. Z., Bao, F., Barone, Bartoli, Bruno, P., Bernardini, S., Bussino, Calloni, Enrico, B. Y., Cao, R., Cardarelli, Catalanotti, Sergio, A., Cavaliere, S., Cavaliere, F., Cesaroni, P., Creti, D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, Benedetto, M. D., Vincenzi, DI GIROLAMO, Tristano, G. D., Sciascio, Z. Y., Feng, Y., Fu, X. Y., Gao, Q. X., Geng, H. W., Guo, M., He, Q., Huang, Iacovacci, Michele, N., Iucci, H. Y., Jai, F. M., Kong, H. H., Kuang, B., Li, Z. Q., Liu, H., Lu, G., Mancarella, S. M., Mari, G., Marsella, D., Martello, D. M., Mei, X. R., Meng, L., Milano, J., Mu, M., Panareo, C., Pellizzoni, Z. R., Peng, C., Pinto, P., Pistilli, E., Reali, R., Santonico, C., Sbarra, P. R., Shen, C., Stanescu, J., Su, L. R., Sun, S. C., Sun, A., Surdo, Y. H., Tan, S., Vernetto, C. R., Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wang, Y. N., Wei, H. T., Yang, Q. K., Yao, X. D., Yue, A. F., Yuan, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, N. J., Zhang, T. J., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Q. Q., Zhu, Piazzoli, B. D., Vincenzi, M. D., Girolamo, T. D., Sciascio, G. D., Mancarella, Giovanni, Pellizzoni, C., THE ARGO YBJ, Collaboration, G., Aielli, R., Assiro, B., Bartoli, X. J., Bi, B., Biondo, C., Bleve, S., Bricola, F., Budano, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, A. K., CALABRESE MELCARNE, P., Camarri, D., Campana, Z., Cao, S., Catalanotti, P., Celio, N., Cheng, G., Cusumano, B. Z., Dai, G., DALI STAITI, B., Daquino, E., DE MARINIS, I., DE MITRI, B., DETTORRE PIAZZOLI, M., DE VINCENZI, T., DI GIROLAMO, X. H., Ding, G., DI SCIASCIO, C. F., Feng, Zhaoyang, Feng, Zhenyong, Feng, K., Fratini, X. F., Gao, Q. B., Gou, Haibing, Hu, Hongbo, Hu, M., Iacovacci, I., Jame, H. Y., Jia, H. J., Li, B., Liberti, G., Liguori, C. Q., Liu, J., Liu, A., Mangano, Mari, Stefano Maria, S., Mastroianni, L., Nicastro, C. C., Ning, L., Perrone, C., Pino, E., Rossi, L., Saggese, P., Salvini, X. D., Sheng, F., Shi, P., Vallania, Yonggang, Wang, Yungang, Wang, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Wu, L., Xue, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yang, M., Zha, L., Zhang, P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Zhaxisangzhu, X. X., Zhol, F. R., Zhu, Bacci, C, Bao, Kz, Barone, F, Bartoli, B, Bernardini, P, Calloni, E, Cao, By, Cardarelli, R, Catalanotti, S, Cavaliere, A, Cavaliere, S, Cesaroni, F, Creti, P, Piazzoli, Bd, De Vincenzi, M, Di Girolamo, T, Di Sciascio, G, Feng, Zy, Fu, Y, Gao, Xy, Geng, Qx, Guo, Hw, He, Hh, He, M, Huang, Q, Iacovacci, M, Iucci, N, Jai, Hy, Kong, Fm, Kuang, Hh, Li, B, Li, Jy, Liu, Zq, Lu, H, Ma, Xh, Mancarella, G, Marsella, G, Martello, D, Mei, Dm, Meng, Xr, Milano, L, Mu, J, Panareo, M, Pellizzoni, C, Peng, Zr, Pinto, C, Pistilli, P, Reali, E, Santonico, R, Sbarra, C, Shen, Pr, Stanescu, C, Su, J, Sun, Lr, Sun, Sc, Surdo, A, Tan, Yh, Vernetto, S, Wang, Cr, Wang, H, Wang, Hy, Wei, Yn, Yang, Ht, Yao, Qk, Yu, Gc, Yue, Xd, Yuan, Af, Zhang, Hm, Zhang, Jl, Zhang, Nj, Zhang, Tj, Zhang, Xy, and Zhu, Qq

Subjects
Physics, gamma ray detector, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Shower, Air shower, Altitude, Meteorology, Data analysis, Gamma Ray Bursts, Effects of high altitude on humans, Instrumentation
Abstract

An RPC carpet covering similar to 10(4) m(2) (ARGO-YBJ experiment) will be installed in the YangBaJing Laboratory (Tibet, People's Republic of China) at an altitude of 4300 m a.s.l. A test-module of similar to 50 m(2) has been put in operation in this laboratory and about 10(6) air shower events have been collected. The RPC performance at high altitude and the carpet capability of reconstructing the shower features are presented. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2000

28. First Measurements with the ARGO-YBJ Detector

Author

Surdo, A., Argo-Ybj, Collaboration, Bernardini, P., Bleve, C., Creti, P., Mitri, I., Devicenzi, M., Mancarella, G., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Panareo, M., Pino, C., Barone, F., Bartoli, B., Catalanotti, S., Cavaliere, S., D Ettorre Piazzoli, B., Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Iacovacci, M., Mastroianni, S., Milano, L., Rossi, E., Saggese, L., Cusomano, G., D Ali Staiti, G., Nicastro, L., Sacco, B., Liguori, G., Salvini, P., Aielli, G., Camarri, P., Cardelli, R., Cavaliere, A., Valerio D'Elia, Liberti, B., Santonico, R., Bacci, C., Bussino, S., Celio, P., Cesaroni, F., Marinis, E., Fratini, K., Mari, S. M., Pieri, L., Pistilli, P., Stanescu, C., Storini, M., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Gou, Q. B., He, H. H., Hu, H. B., Jing, C. L., Kuang, H. H., Lu, H., Shen, P. R., Sheng, X. D., Tan, Y. H., Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wu, C. Y., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, Y., Zhu, Q. Q., Feng, C. F., He, M., Li, J. Y., Wang, Y. G., Xue, L., Zhang, N. J., Zhang, X. Y., Feng, Z. Y., Huang, Q., Jia, H. Y., Yu, G. C., Zhou, X. X., Danzengluobu, Ding, X. H., Guo, H. W., Hu, H., Labaciren, Meng, X. R., Ning, C. C., Yuan, A. F., Zhaxisangzhu, Gao, X. Y., Geng, Q. X., Liu, C. Q., Liu, J., Mu, J., Yangv, H. T., Yang, X. C., Zhang, L., Zhang, P., Bao, K. Z., Sun, L. R., Sun, S. C., Yue, X. D., Yao, Q. K., Ma, Y. M., Cheng, K. S., A., Surdo, P., Bernardini, C., Bleve, P., Creti, I., DE MITRI, DE VINCENZI, Mario, G., Mancarella, G., Marsella, D., Martello, M., Panareo, C., Pinto, F., Barone, B., Bartoli, S., Catalanotti, A., Cavaliere, B., D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, T., DI GIROLAMO, G., DI SCIASCIO, M., Iacovacci, S., Mastroianni, L., Milano, E., Rossi, L., Saggese, G., Cusumano, G., D'ALI STAITI, L., Nicastro, B., Sacco, G., Liguori, P., Salvini, G., Aielli, P., Camarri, R., Cardarelli, V., D'Elia, B., Liberti, R., Santonico, C., Bacci, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, P., Celio, F., Cesaroni, E., DE MARINIS, K., Fratini, Mari, Stefano Maria, L., Pieri, P., Pistilli, C., Stanescu, M., Storini, P., Vallania, S., Vernetto, Q. B., Gou, H. H., He, H. B., Hu, C. L., Jing, H. H., Kuang, H., Lu, P. R., Shen, X. D., Sheng, Y. H., Tan, H., Wang, H. Y., Wang, C. Y., Wu, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Q. Q., Zhu, C. F., Feng, M., He, J. Y., Li, Y. G., Wang, L., Xue, N. J., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Z. Y., Feng, Q., Huang, H. Y., Jia, G. C., Yu, X. X., Zhou, Danzengluobu, X. H., Ding, H. W., Guo, H., Hu, Labaciren, X. R., Meng, C. C., Ning, A. F., Yuan, Zhaxisangzhu, X. Y., Gao, Q. X., Geng, C. Q., Liu, J., Liu, J., Mu, H. T., Yang, Q. Y., Yang, X. C., Yang, L., Zhang, P., Zhang, K. Z., Bao, L. R., Sun, S. C., Sun, X. D., Yue, Q. K., Yao, Y. M., Ma, and K. S., Cheng

29. The use of RPC in the ARGO-YBJ project

Author

C. Bacci, K.Z. Bao, F. Barone, B. Bartoli, D. Bastieri, P. Bernardini, S. Bussino, E. Calloni, B.Y. Cao, R. Cardarelli, S. Catalanotti, A. Cavaliere, F. Cesaroni, P. Creti, null Danzengluobu, B. D'Ettorre Piazzoli, M. De Vincenzi, T. Di Girolamo, G. Di Sciascio, Z.Y. Feng, Y. Fu, X.Y. Gao, Q.X. Geng, H.W. Guo, Q. Huang, H.H. He, M. He, M. Iacovacci, N. Iucci, H.Y. Jai, F.M. Kong, H.H. Kuang, null Labaciren, B. Li, J.Y. Li, Z.Q. Liu, H. Lu, X.H. Ma, C. Marmolino, G. Mancarella, S.M. Mari, D. Martello, G. Marsella, D.M. Mei, X.R. Meng, A. Morselli, L. Milano, J. Mu, M. Oliviero, P. Padovani, M. Panareo, M. Parisi, Z.R. Peng, P. Pistilli, R. Santonico, G. Sartori, C. Sbarra, G. Severino, R. Sparvoli, C. Stanescu, M. Storini, P.R. Shen, L.R. Sun, S.C. Sun, J. Su, A. Surdo, Y.H. Tan, S. Vernetto, M. Vietri, C.R. Wang, F. Wang, H.Y. Wang, Y.N. Wei, H.T. Yang, W.K. Yao, G.C. Yu, A.F. Yuan, X.D. Yue, H.M. Zhang, J.L. Zhang, N.J. Zhang, T.J. Zhang, X.Y. Zhang, null Zhaxiciren, null Zhaxisangzhu, Q.Q. Zhu, Bacci, C, Bao, Kz, Barone, F, Bartoli, B, Bastieri, D, Bernardini, P, Bussino, S, Calloni, E, Cao, By, Cardarelli, R, Catalanotti, S, Cavaliere, A, Cesaroni, F, Creti, P, Danzengluobu, Piazzoli, Bd, DE VINCENZI, M, DI GIROLAMO, T, DI SCIASCIO, G, Feng, Zy, Fu, Y, Gao, Xy, Geng, Qx, Guo, Hw, Huang, Q, He, Hh, He, M, Iacovacci, M, Iucci, N, Jai, Hy, Kong, Fm, Kuang, Hh, Labaciren, Li, B, Li, Jy, Liu, Zq, Lu, H, Ma, Xh, Marmolino, C, Mancarella, G, Mari, Sm, Martello, Daniele, Marsella, Giovanni, Mei, Dm, Meng, Xr, Morselli, A, Milano, L, Mu, J, Oliviero, M, Padovani, P, Panareo, Marco, Parisi, M, Peng, Zr, Pistilli, P, Santonico, R, Sartori, G, Sbarra, C, Severino, G, Sparvoli, R, Stanescu, C, Storini, M, Shen, Pr, Sun, Lr, Sun, Sc, Su, J, Surdo, A, Tan, Yh, Vernetto, S, Vietri, M, Wang, Cr, Wang, F, Wang, Hy, Wei, Yn, Yang, Ht, Yao, Qk, Yu, Gc, Yuan, Af, Yue, Xd, Zhang, Hm, Zhang, Jl, Zhang, Nj, Zhang, Tj, Zhang, Xy, Zhaxiciren, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhu, Qq, C., Bacci1, K. Z., Bao2, F., Barone3, B., Bartoli3, D., Bastieri4, P., Bernardini5, R., Buonomo3, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, E., Calloni3, B. Y., Cao6, R., Cardarelli7, S., Catalanotti3, A., Cavaliere7, F., Cesaroni5, P., Creti5, Danzengluobu8, B., D'Ettorre Piazzoli3, M., De Vincenzi1, T., Di Girolamo3, G., Di Sciascio3, Z. Y., Feng9, Y., Fu6, X. Y., Gao10, Q. X., Geng10, H. W., Guo8, H. H., He11, M., He6, Q., Huang9, M., Iacovacci3, N., Iucci1, H. Y., Jai9, F. M., Kong6, H. H., Kuang11, Labaciren8, B., Li2, J. Y., Li6, Z. Q., Liu10, H., Lu11, X. H., Ma11, G., Mancarella5, Mari, Stefano Maria, G., Marsella5, D., Martello5, D. M., Mei8, X. R., Meng8, L., Milano3, A., Morselli7, J., Mu10, M., Oliviero13, P., Padovani7, M., Panareo5, M., Parisi1, G., Pellizzoni1, Z. R., Peng11, P., Pistilli1, R., Santonico7, G., Sartori4, C., Sbarra4, G., Severino13, P. R., Shen11, R., Sparvoli7, C., Stanescu1, J., Su11, L. R., Sun2, S. C., Sun2, A., Surdo5, Y. H., Tan11, S., Vernetto14, M., Vietri1, C. R., Wang6, H., Wang11, H. Y., Wang11, Y. N., Wei2, H. T., Yang12, Q. K., Yao2, G. C., Yu9, X. D., Yue2, A. F., Yuan8, H. M., Zhang11, J. L., Zhang11, N. J., Zhang6, T. J., Zhang10, X. Y., Zhang6, Zhaxisangzhu8, Zhaxiciren8, Q. Q., Zhu11, C., Bacci, K. Z., Bao, F., Barone, Bartoli, Bruno, D., Bastieri, P., Bernardini, S., Bussino, Calloni, Enrico, B. Y., Cao, R., Cardarelli, Catalanotti, Sergio, A., Cavaliere, F., Cesaroni, P., Creti, D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, Benedetto, M. D., Vincenzi, DI GIROLAMO, Tristano, G. D., Sciascio, Z. Y., Feng, Y., Fu, X. Y., Gao, Q. X., Geng, H. W., Guo, Q., Huang, H. H., He, M., He, Iacovacci, Michele, N., Iucci, H. Y., Jai, F. M., Kong, H. H., Kuang, B., Li, J. Y., Li, Z. Q., Liu, H., Lu, X. H., Ma, C., Marmolino, G., Mancarella, S. M., Mari, D., Martello, G., Marsella, D. M., Mei, X. R., Meng, A., Morselli, L., Milano, J., Mu, M., Oliviero, P., Padovani, M., Panareo, M., Parisi, Z. R., Peng, P., Pistilli, R., Santonico, G., Sartori, C., Sbarra, G., Severino, R., Sparvoli, C., Stanescu, M., Storini, P. R., Shen, L. R., Sun, S. C., Sun, J., Su, A., Surdo, Y. H., Tan, S., Vernetto, M., Vietri, C. R., Wang, F., Wang, H. Y., Wang, Y. N., Wei, H. T., Yang, Q. K., Yao, G. C., Yu, A. F., Yuan, X. D., Yue, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, N. J., Zhang, T. J., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, Q. Q., Zhu, B., Bartoli, Bernardini, Paolo, E., Calloni, S., Catalanotti, B., D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, M., DE VINCENZI, T., DI GIROLAMO, G., DI SCIASCIO, M., Iacovacci, and Mancarella, Giovanni

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Computer science, Detector, Real-time computing, Full coverage, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Argo
Abstract

We present the ARGO-YBJ experiment, a full coverage detector placed at high altitude (similar to 4300 m a.s.l.) that exploits the RPC technique. Results of a test experiment performed at Yanbajing site, with a full coverage RPC carpet of 50 m(2) are also presented.

30. The ARGO-YBJ experiment in Tibet

Author

Aloisio, A., Bacci, C., Bao, K. Z., Barone, F., Bartoli, B., Bernardini, P., Bleve, C., Branchini, P., Bussino, S., Calloni, E., Camarri, P., Cao, B. Y., Cardarelli, R., Casolino, M., Catalanotti, S., Cavaliere, A., Cavaliere, S., Cesaroni, F., Cha, M., Creti, P., Cusumano, G., D Ali Staiti, G., Danzengluobu, D Elia, V., Mitri, I., D Ettorre-Piazzoli, B., Vincenzi, M., Di Girolamo, T., Di Sciascio, G., Feng, Z. Y., Fu, Y., Gao, X. Y., Geng, Q. X., Guo, H. W., He, H. H., Huang, Q., Iacovacci, M., Iucci, N., Jai, H. Y., Kong, F. M., Kuang, H. H., Labaciren, Li, B., Li, J. Y., Liberti, B., Liguori, G., Liu, Z. Q., Lu, H., Ma, X. H., Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Meng, X. R., Milano, L., Mineo, T., Mu, J., Nicastro, L., Orlando, D., Panareo, M., Paolo Camarri, Peng, Z. R., Pistilli, P., Raso, G., Sacco, B., Saggese, L., Santonico, R., Scarsi, L., Shen, P. R., Stanescu, C., Storini, M., Sun, L. R., Sun, S. C., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Wang, C. R., Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wei, Y. N., Yao, Q. K., Yu, G. C., Yue, X. D., Yuan, A. F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, N. J., Zhang, T. J., Zhang, X. Y., Zhaxisangzhu, Zhaxiciren, Zhu, Q. Q., Aloisio, A, Bacci, C, Bao, Kz, Barone, F, Bartoli, B, Bernardini, P, Bleve, C, Branchini, P, Bussino, Severino Angelo Maria, Calloni, E, Camarri, P, Cao, By, Cardarelli, R, Casolino, M, Catalanotti, S, Cavaliere, A, Cavaliere, S, Cesaroni, F, Cha, M, Creti, P, Cusimano, G, Staiti, Gd, Danzengluobu, D'Elia, V, De Mitri, I, D'Ettorre, B, Piazzoli, Bd, De Vincenzi, M, Di Girolamo, T, Di Sciascio, G, Feng, Zy, Fu, Y, Gao, Xy, Geng, Qx, Guo, Hw, He, Hh, Huang, Q, Iacovacci, M, Iucci, N, Jai, Hy, Kong, Fm, Kuang, Hh, Labaciren, Li, B, Li, Jy, Liberti, B, Liguori, G, Liu, Zq, Lu, H, Ma, Xh, Mancarella, G, Mari, Stefano Maria, Marsella, G, Martello, D, Meng, Xr, Milano, L, Mineo, T, Mu, J, Nicastro, L, Orlando, D, Panareo, M, Paoloni, A, Peng, Zr, Pistilli, P, Raso, G, Sacco, B, Saggese, L, Santonico, R, Scarsi, L, Shen, Pr, Stanescu, C, Storini, M, Sun, Lr, Sun, Sc, Surdo, A, Tan, Yh, Vallania, P, Vernetto, S, Wang, Cr, Wang, H, Wang, Hy, Wei, Yn, Yao, Qk, Yu, Gc, Yue, Xd, Yuan, Af, Zhang, Hm, Zhang, Jl, Zhang, Nj, Zhang, Tj, Zhang, Xy, Zhaxisangzhu, Zhaxiciren, Zhu, Qq, DE VINCENZI, Mario, Bussino, S, DE MITRI, Ivan, DE VINCENZI, M, DI GIROLAMO, T, DI SCIASCIO, G, Mari, Sm, Marsella, Giovanni, Martello, Daniele, Panareo, Marco, Aloisio, A., Bacci, C., Bao, K. Z., Barone, F., Bartoli, Bruno, Bernardini, P., Bleve, C., Branchini, P., Bussino, S., Calloni, Enrico, Camarri, P., Cao, B. Y., Cardarelli, R., Casolino, M., Catalanotti, Sergio, Cavaliere, A., Cavaliere, S., Cesaroni, F., Cha, M., Creti, P., Cusimano, G., Staiti, G. D., D'Elia, V., Mitri, I. D., D'Ettorre, B., D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI, Benedetto, Vincenzi, M. D., DI GIROLAMO, Tristano, Sciascio, G. D., Feng, Z. Y., Fu, Y., Gao, X. Y., Geng, Q. X., Guo, H. W., H. H., He, Huang, Q., Iacovacci, Michele, Iucci, N., Jai, H. Y., Kong, F. M., Kuang, H. H., Li, B., J. Y., Li, Liberti, B., Liguori, G., Liu, Z. Q., Lu, H., X. H., Ma, Mancarella, G., Mari, S. M., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Meng, X. R., Milano, L., Mineo, T., Mu, J., Nicastro, L., Orlando, D., Panareo, M., Paoloni, A., Peng, Z. R., Pistilli, P., Raso, G., Sacco, B., Saggese, L., Santonico, R., Scarsi, L., Shen, P. R., Stanescu, C., Storini, M., Sun, L. R., Sun, S. C., Surdo, A., Tan, Y. H., Vallania, P., Vernetto, S., Wang, C. R., Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wei, Y. N., Yao, Q. K., G. C., Yu, Yue, X. D., Yuan, A. F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, N. J., Zhang, T. J., Zhang, X. Y., Zhu, Q. Q., A., Aloisio, C., Bacci, K. Z., Bao, F., Barone, B., Bartoli, P., Bernardini, C., Bleve, P., Branchini, S., Bussino, E., Calloni, P., Camarri, B. Y., Cao, R., Cardarelli, M., Casolino, S., Catalanotti, A., Cavaliere, S., Cavaliere, F., Cesaroni, M., Cha, P., Creti, G., Cusimano, G. D., Staiti, V., D'Elia, B., D'Ettorre, B. D., Piazzoli, M. D., Vincenzi, T. D., Girolamo, G. D., Sciascio, Z. Y., Feng, Y., Fu, X. Y., Gao, Q. X., Geng, H. W., Guo, Q., Huang, M., Iacovacci, N., Iucci, H. Y., Jai, F. M., Kong, H. H., Kuang, B., Li, B., Liberti, G., Liguori, Z. Q., Liu, H., Lu, Mancarella, Giovanni, S. M., Mari, X. R., Meng, L., Milano, T., Mineo, J., Mu, L., Nicastro, D., Orlando, A., Paoloni, Z. R., Peng, P., Pistilli, G., Raso, B., Sacco, L., Saggese, R., Santonico, L., Scarsi, P. R., Shen, C., Stanescu, M., Storini, L. R., Sun, S. C., Sun, A., Surdo, Y. H., Tan, P., Vallania, S., Vernetto, C. R., Wang, H., Wang, H. Y., Wang, Y. N., Wei, Q. K., Yao, X. D., Yue, A. F., Yuan, H. M., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, N. J., Zhang, T. J., Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, and Q. Q., Zhu

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The ARCO-YBJ experiment, (Astrophysical Radiation Ground-based Observatory at YaugBaJing) is under construction in Tibet, 90 kill to the north of Lhasa. The full coverage approach and the high altitude location allow the study of many physics items in the field of low energy cosmic rays, namely gamma-ray astronomy, diffuse gamma-rays, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), proton/antiproton ratio, primary proton spectrum and heliosphere physics, In this paper the expected sensitivities of ARGO-YBJ for gamma astronomy and GRB physics are presented and compared with the present experimental techniques and results. The performance of a test-module of similar to 50 m(2) operated on-site is, also discussed.

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