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Key Clinical Message Ectopia cordis is a rare condition with expected low survival rate based on past studies. We encountered a case of a preterm and low birth weight infant with ectopia cordis. When the infant cried, the prolapse of the heart, liver, and intestinal tract worsened. A pressure‐applying protector was used to protect the organs and reduce the prolapse. Upon application, the infant's tachypnea and desaturation worsened. Fluoroscopic examination suggested that the pressure from the prolapsed regions was impeding pulmonary expansion and negatively affecting circulation. It is essential to carefully design a protector that accommodates the infant's growth.

In the letters of St. Ambrose of Milan, one can find many interesting theological topics, including motifs related to angelology. According to the bishop, angels were sent by God. They serve God and people, if only for the reason that man is the most important work of the Creator. Angels play an important role as guardians and protectors of people. Although the angelology contained in the letters of the Bishop of Milan is not one of his key topics, it reveals how he perceived the world of angels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Clinical Message: Ectopia cordis is a rare condition with expected low survival rate based on past studies. We encountered a case of a preterm and low birth weight infant with ectopia cordis. When the infant cried, the prolapse of the heart, liver, and intestinal tract worsened. A pressure‐applying protector was used to protect the organs and reduce the prolapse. Upon application, the infant's tachypnea and desaturation worsened. Fluoroscopic examination suggested that the pressure from the prolapsed regions was impeding pulmonary expansion and negatively affecting circulation. It is essential to carefully design a protector that accommodates the infant's growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bacterial secondary metabolites are a valuable source of various molecules that have antibacterial and anticancer activity. In this study, ten endosymbiotic bacteria of aphids, aphid predators and ants were isolated. Bacterial strains were identified according to the 16S rRNA gene. Ethyl acetate fractions of methanol extract (EA-ME) were prepared from each isolated bacterium and tested for their antibacterial activities using the disk diffusion method. The EA-ME of three bacterial species, Planococcus sp., Klebsiella aerogenes, Enterococcus avium, from the pomegranate aphids Aphis punicae, Chrysoperia carnea, and Tapinoma magnum, respectively, exhibited elevated antibacterial activity against one or several of the five pathogenic bacteria tested. The inhibition zones ranged from 10.00 ± 0.13 to 20.00 ± 1.11 mm, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.156 mg/mL to 1.25 mg/mL. The most notable antibacterial activity was found in the EA-ME of K. aerogenes against Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia coli, with an MIC value of 0.156 mg/mL. The cytotoxic activity of EA-ME was dependent on the cell line tested. The most significant cytotoxicity effect was observed for extracts of K. aerogenes and E. avium, at 12.5 µg/mL, against the epithelial cells of lung carcinoma (A549), with a cell reduction of 79.4% and 67.2%, respectively. For the EA-ME of K. aerogenes and Pantoea agglomerans at 12.5 µg/mL, 69.4% and 67.8% cell reduction were observed against human colon cancer (Hct116), respectively. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of three EA-ME revealed the presence of several bioactive secondary metabolites that have been reported previously to possess antibacterial and anticancer properties. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the biological activities of endosymbiotic bacteria in aphids, aphid predators and ants. The promising data presented in this study may pave the way for alternative drugs to overcome the continued emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, and find alternative drugs to conventional cancer therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the previous time, unmanned aircrafts (drones) are being used in fields such as agriculture, logistics, and disaster response. Therefore, it is expected as a machine that creates new technologies and services in the 4th Industrial Revolution. In recent years, there has been a demand for the practical application of drones equipped with a fuel cell as a power source, which enables longer-distance flight. However, in order to operate a fuel cell drone, it is necessary to develop a protector that protects the high-pressure hydrogen tank from the impact of a crash. Therefore, the authors focused on carbon fiber as a protector for hydrogen tanks. Then, in this research, protectors for hydrogen tanks with 6 different layers and weaves were manufactured. And collision tests of these protectors were performed. Based on results obtained in collision tests, energy absorption qualities of protectors were compared and evaluated. As a result, it was clarified that the quality of energy absorption varies depending on the specifications, such as the direction of fibers and the presence or absence of plain weave sheets, even in protectors made from carbon fiber. In particular, the authors clarified the following. In the case of the Carbon Fiber Uni Direction (CFUD) sheet, in which the directional angle of the fibers is the same as the directional angle of the wedge-shaped projections or an angle with a small difference (90 degrees or 72 degrees)., the energy absorption of the protector made of this sheet alone is not good. In addition, a composite sheet that combines a CFUD sheet and a plain weave sheet has better energy absorption than a plain weave sheet alone. After clarifying the foregoing, the authors evaluated protectors with a three-stage evaluation test based on the guideline of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. Then, it was confirmed that the "Safety requirements for high-pressure hydrogen gas storage containers (tanks) to be mounted on drones" were satisfied by equipped carbon fiber protectors.

Plants usually keep resistance (R) proteins in a static state under normal conditions to avoid autoimmunity and save energy for growth, but R proteins can be rapidly activated upon perceiving pathogen invasion. Pib , the first cloned blast disease R gene in rice, encoding a nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) protein, mediates resistance to the blast fungal (Magnaporthe oryzae) isolates carrying the avirulence gene AvrPib. However, the molecular mechanisms about how Pib recognizes AvrPib and how it is inactivated and activated remain largely unclear. In this study, through map-based cloning and CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, we proved that Pib contributes to the blast disease resistance of rice cultivar Yunyin (YY). Furthermore, an SH3 domain-containing protein, SH3P2, was found to associate with Pib mainly at clathrin-coated vesicles in rice cells, via direct binding with the coiled-coil (CC) domain of Pib. Interestingly, overexpression of SH3P2 in YY compromised Pib -mediated resistance to M. oryzae isolates carrying AvrPib and Pib-AvrPib recognition-induced cell death. SH3P2 competitively inhibits the self-association of the Pib CC domain in vitro , suggesting that binding of SH3P2 with Pib undermines its homodimerization. Moreover, SH3P2 can also interact with AvrPib and displays higher affinity to AvrPib than to Pib, which leads to dissociation of SH3P2 from Pib in the presence of AvrPib. Taken together, our results suggest that SH3P2 functions as a "protector" to keep Pib in a static state by direct interaction during normal growth but could be triggered off by the invasion of AvrPib -carrying M. oryzae isolates. Our study reveals a new mechanism about how an NLR protein is inactivated under normal conditions but is activated upon pathogen infection. Plants usually keep resistance (R) proteins in a static state under normal conditions to avoid autoimmunity and save energy for growth, but R proteins can be rapidly activated upon perceiving pathogen invasion. In this study, the authors find that SH3P2, an SH3 domain-containing protein that interacts with both Pib and AvrPib, suppresses effector-triggered, Pib-mediated immunity in rice, revealing a new mechanism in which an NLR protein is inactivated under normal conditions but is activated upon pathogen infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background In Taekwondo competitions, the rule is that points are scored when the impact of the kick reaches a predetermined threshold of strength. This study aimed to explore the adequacy of the protector and scoring system (PSS) designed to determine taekwondo body scoring based on a reference group model (RGM). Specifically, the kicking impact of the PSS was calculated using data from 188 matches fought during of 2018 Jakarta Asian Games. The RGM was designed based on empirical data by classifying the victory and defeat groups by gender and weight class, and the scoring method was set according to these criteria. Result The result of this study are as follows. First, there was no difference in the average impact of kicks of taekwondo players by weight class. Second, result of setting up the kick scoring impact standards of taekwondo PSS by classifying the winning and non-winning groups, the kick scoring impact set by the WT was found to be high in all weight classes except 58 kg. Lastly, result of comparing the settings of impact to score according to weight classes, the kick scoring impact standard set by the WT was higher in heavyweight (men's: under 80 kg, + 80 kg, women's: under 67 kg, over 67 kg) than in the lightweight (men's: under 58 kg, under 63 kg, under 68 kg, women's: under 49 kg, under 53 kg, under 57 kg). Conclusion The kick scoring impact set by the WT was found to be high in all weight classes except for the under 58 kg class defining kick scoring impact based on the standards of WT-certified PSS by classifying the matches into winning and non-winning groups. Finally, as a result of comparing the scoring impact settings according to weight class, the kick scoring impact standard set by the WT was higher for the heavier weight classes than for the lighter weight classes.

The legal figure of the protector has its roots in the Roman Empire; it was taken up by the Christianity associated with the concept of charity and recovered in modern Europe in its triple aspect of guardian, mediator and defender. In the Spanish administration, the figure of the protector of the indians is the best known, thanks to the numerous studies on the legal status of the indigenous. The «Protector of Foreigners», on the other hand, is virtually unknown. This contribution examines its evolution and the practice of protection. It argues that the «Protector of Foreigners» could have contributed to the management of an otherness that moved, in a short time frame, from a reduced peninsular space to a global dimension. The practice of protection, however, was channelled by such a complex, technical list of subsidies, and such a broad set of non-institutionalised social mechanisms, that there was, in fact, an abundance of figures acting as protectors.

The 1620 re-edition of the statutes of Magnifica Patria allows the observation of the dynamics among the Brescia Riviera, the city of Brescia, of whose territory the Riviera was part, and the dominant Venice. Based on an analysis of the documents preserved at the archives of Salò it was possible to reconstruct the process of re-edition and confirmation of the new statutes, both from an institutional point of view and in terms of the underlying informal relations. Two topics emerged from this: protection, the fulcrum of which was the Provveditore sent to Salò, and friendship, the cultural reference of the fundamental informal relations essential for obtaining the confirmation of the statutes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In Taekwondo competitions, the rule is that points are scored when the impact of the kick reaches a predetermined threshold of strength. This study aimed to explore the adequacy of the protector and scoring system (PSS) designed to determine taekwondo body scoring based on a reference group model (RGM). Specifically, the kicking impact of the PSS was calculated using data from 188 matches fought during of 2018 Jakarta Asian Games. The RGM was designed based on empirical data by classifying the victory and defeat groups by gender and weight class, and the scoring method was set according to these criteria. Result: The result of this study are as follows. First, there was no difference in the average impact of kicks of taekwondo players by weight class. Second, result of setting up the kick scoring impact standards of taekwondo PSS by classifying the winning and non-winning groups, the kick scoring impact set by the WT was found to be high in all weight classes except 58 kg. Lastly, result of comparing the settings of impact to score according to weight classes, the kick scoring impact standard set by the WT was higher in heavyweight (men's: under 80 kg, + 80 kg, women's: under 67 kg, over 67 kg) than in the lightweight (men's: under 58 kg, under 63 kg, under 68 kg, women's: under 49 kg, under 53 kg, under 57 kg). Conclusion: The kick scoring impact set by the WT was found to be high in all weight classes except for the under 58 kg class defining kick scoring impact based on the standards of WT-certified PSS by classifying the matches into winning and non-winning groups. Finally, as a result of comparing the scoring impact settings according to weight class, the kick scoring impact standard set by the WT was higher for the heavier weight classes than for the lighter weight classes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The system for protector cooling (protective rubber strip) in the tyre industry is presented in this paper. The analysis of compensation of protector compression coefficients influence on the protector length change between two neighbor transporters is done. Also, the compensation of protector compression coefficients influence on all transporters velocities is analyzed. Modelling and simulation of transportation system is performed in Matlab/Simulink.

By inventing initiatory melodrama, by constructing a perfect gaze and by telling different love trajectories (be they perfect or imperfect), Lost embodies two things simultaneously for its spectator. Through the motif of the eye, the series puts us in the contemplative place of Jacob as protector of the series; through the hand, it attempts to make us experience an anamnesis based on great affection and the love we feel for the series’ characters. In the end, the love that the characters feel for one another is also the love they feel for us and that we feel for them.

Liability arising from acts of animals has been raised in human societies from old times. Although some assumptions of this responsibility, which is one of the forms of liability for objects, have been mentioned in certain laws in Iran, it has not been the subject of a separate investigation up to now. Owing to the usage of animals in urban and rural communities, this article, through a comparative approach, aims to study the foundation of liability in Islamic jurisprudence, legal systems of certain Islamic states, and that of France and England. Furthermore, certain examples of the liability arising from acts of animals such as escape and getting lost are not foreseen in Iranian law. Accordingly, through referring to Islamic jurisprudence and comparative law, it is attempted to determine the responsible in these assumptions. The result obtained is that this responsibility is not always based on the fault of the owner or the possessor of the animal and other bases such as absolute responsibility and obligation to safety are governing the civil liability for the acts of animals as well. Additionally, in damages resulting from acts of animals in cities or villages, the documentation on the responsibility of municipality and rural municipality is presented and the suggestion for distributing the responsibility among the responsible individuals "jointly" is offered in some assumptions.

Background: As displacement and forced migration continue to exhibit global growth trends, new and surviving generations of children are being born and spending their formative years in host countries. Refugee children who have not been exposed to traumatic events may still be at risk for adverse developmental and mental health outcomes via intergenerational trauma transmission. Objective: To identify and synthesize potential mechanisms of intergenerational trauma transmission in forcibly displaced families where parents have experienced direct war-related trauma exposure, but children have no history of direct trauma exposure. Methods: PRISMA systematic review guidelines were adhered to. Searches were conducted across seven major databases and included quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods literature from 1945 to 2019. The search resulted in 752 citations and 8 studies (n = 1,684) met review inclusion criteria. Results: Findings suggest that parental trauma exposure and trauma sequelae indirectly affect child well-being via potential mechanisms of insecure attachment; maladaptive parenting styles; diminished parental emotional availability; decreased family functioning; accumulation of family stressors; dysfunctional intra-family communication styles and severity of parental symptomology. Conclusion: Further research is needed to assess independent intergenerational effects and mechanisms of trauma transmission in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease with the progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the motor cortex and lower motor neurons in the spinal cord and the brain stem. The etiology and pathogenesis of ALS are being actively studied, but there is still no single concept. The study of ALS risk factors can help to understand the mechanism of this disease development and, possibly, slow down the rate of its progression in patients and also reduce the risk of its development in people with a predisposition toward familial ALS. The interest of researchers and clinicians in the protective role of nutrients in the development of ALS has been increasing in recent years. However, the role of some of them is not well-understood or disputed. The objective of this review is to analyze studies on the role of nutrients as environmental factors affecting the risk of developing ALS and the rate of motor neuron degeneration progression. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Springer, Clinical keys, Google Scholar, and E-Library databases for publications using keywords and their combinations. We analyzed all the available studies published in 2010–2020. Discussion: We analyzed 39 studies, including randomized clinical trials, clinical cases, and meta-analyses, involving ALS patients and studies on animal models of ALS. This review demonstrated that the following vitamins are the most significant protectors of ALS development: vitamin B12, vitamin E > vitamin C > vitamin B1, vitamin B9 > vitamin D > vitamin B2, vitamin B6 > vitamin A, and vitamin B7. In addition, this review indicates that the role of foods with a high content of cholesterol, polyunsaturated fatty acids, urates, and purines plays a big part in ALS development. Conclusion: The inclusion of vitamins and a ketogenic diet in disease-modifying ALS therapy can reduce the progression rate of motor neuron degeneration and slow the rate of disease progression, but the approach to nutrient selection must be personalized. The roles of vitamins C, D, and B7 as ALS protectors need further study.

The article presents the results of practical testing of the developed compositions of protectors for proofing of low-carbon alloys used in the automotive industry and made from melting stocks of secondary aluminum raw materials. The results of the study of the effectiveness of the proofing of the developed protectors are presented.

Abstract In the study, we used two conducting polymers, polyaniline (PANI) and polypyrrole (PPy), to sensitize Ta 3 N 5 , thereby enhancing its photocatalytic activity, and then applied this novel photocatalyst to overall water splitting to produce hydrogen and oxygen even under visible light irradiation. The two polymers increased the charge transfer efficiency, prevented the recombination of the generated electrons and holes of the Ta 3 N 5 photocatalyst, and thereby enhanced its electron-hole separation efficiency and improved its photocatalytic activity for efficient visible light water splitting. The two polymers completely covering the Ta 3 N 5 particles facilitated charge transfer for quick migration of the generated electrons and holes to the polymer surface and thus prevented contact between the holes and nitride of Ta 3 N 5. Therefore, these conducting polymers also protected the Ta 3 N 5 particles from self-photocorrosion during long-term water splitting. Because of the existence of the protonated nitrogen (-N+) state in PPy, the electric conductivity of PPy was lower than that of PANI, which lowered the sensitizing ability of PPy compared to that of PANI. Thus, the water splitting efficiency of Ta 3 N 5 /PANI was higher than that of Ta 3 N 5 /PPy. The production rates of H 2 and O 2 generated from water splitting of Ta 3 N 5 /PANI were 60.5 and 30.2 (μmol. g−1cat. h−1), respectively. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • Polymer sensitizers enhanced the separation of e−/h+ pairs and prolonged the Ta 3 N 5 lifetime. • Polymer cover protected Ta 3 N 5 from self-photocorrosion (oxidation of generated holes). • Ta 3 N 5 /polymers greatly exhibited overall photocatalytic water splitting. • Lower electric conductivity lowered the sensitizing ability of the polymer. • PANI was better than PPy for enhancing the photocatalytic activity of Ta 3 N 5. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Polyaniline (PANI) and polythiophene (PTh) conducting polymers have been used to sensitize Tantalum Nitride (Ta 3 N 5) to enhance its photocatalytic activity. The synthesized materials exhibited novel photocatalytic activity for overall water splitting to produce hydrogen and oxygen even excited by visible light irradiation. The used PANI and PTh sensitizers enhanced the charge transfer efficiency and minimized the high recombination rate of the photo-excited electrons (e-) and holes (h+) of the Ta 3 N 5 photocatalyst (enhanced e-/h+ separation efficiency of the Ta 3 N 5) leading to increase in its photocatalytic activity for efficient visible light water splitting. We also investigated that the used PANI and PTh completely covering the Ta 3 N 5 particles could acted as charge acceptors for quick migration of the produced h+ to their surface and thus minimizing contact between the nitride of the Ta 3 N 5 and the produced h+, which could oxidize the nitride. It means that the used conducting polymers also protected the Ta 3 N 5 particles from self-photocorrosion. Therefore, the synthesized tantalum nitride sensitized/protected by PANI or PTh could be applied for long-term water splitting. The production rates of H 2 and O 2 generated from water splitting of Ta 3 N 5 /PANI were higher than that of the Ta 3 N 5 /PTh because the electric conductivity of the PANI was higher than that of the PTh. Graphical abstract Sensitizing and protecting mechanism of used conducting polymers. fx1 Highlights • PANI and PTh enhanced the e- and h+ separation efficiency of the Ta 3 N 5. • PANI and PTh also protected Ta 3 N 5 from self-photocorrosion (oxidation of produced h+). • Ta 3 N 5 /polymers showed superior overall photocatalytic water splitting. • The electric conductivity positive related to sensitizing ability of the polymer. • The photocatalytic activity of the Ta 3 N 5 /PANI was better than that of the Ta 3 N 5 /PTh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article’s purpose is the analysis of the evolution process and all its main aspects in the history of Moscow Slavonic-greek-latin Academy of the specified period. At the beginning of the XVIII century Moscow Academy was found on a basis of European «pre-classical» university pattern and became the first higher institute for all social estates in Russia. After the Peter’s the Great death the Academy experiences reduction of material security and contraction of the students’ social estate. Another tendency is also observed - the penetration of European university modernization ideas in Russia provokes the start of several national university projects. During the Catherine’s the Second reign these ideas influence on the evolution of the Academy as well as already generated Academy educational tradition influences the specified university projects. This reciprocal effect leads the creation of separate higher educational systems: secular, under the Ministry of National Enlightenment, and theological, under the Holy Synod. The sources allow tracking the participation of higher state and church fi gures working together on both structures. As a result Moscow Academy served as a sample for other theological academies and thus has become the foundation of the whole theological education system

Background: This study was aimed to evaluate protective and therapeutic effects of a specific mixture, containing vitamin C, lysine, proline, epigallocatechin gallate and zinc, as well as alpha-1-antitrypsin protein on lung tumorigenesis induced by benzo(a) pyrene [B(a)P] in mice. Materials and Methods: Swiss albino mice were divided into two main experiments, experiment (1) the mice were injected with 100 mg/kg B(a)P and lasted for 28 weeks, while experiment (2) the mice were injected with 8 doses each of 50 mg/kg B(a)P and lasted for 16 weeks. Each experiment (1 and 2) divided into five groups, group (I) received vehicle, group (II) received the protector mixture, group (III) received the carcinogen B(a)P, group (IV) received the protector together with the carcinogen (simultaneously) and group (V) received the carcinogen then the protector (consecutively). Results: Total sialic acid, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, vascular epithelial growth factor, hydroxyproline levels, as well as elastase and gelatinase activities showed significant elevation in group (III) in the two experiments comparing to control group (P < 0.001). These biochemical alterations were associated with histopathological changes. Administration of the protector in group IV and group V causes significant decrease in such parameters with improvement in histopathological alterations with improvement in histopathological alterations when compared with group III in the two experiments (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The present protector mixture has the ability to suppress neoplastic alteration and restore the biochemical and histopathological parameters towards normal on lung carcinogenesis induced by benzo(a) pyrene in mice. Furthermore, the present mixture have more protective rather than therapeutic action.

By inventing initiatory melodrama, by constructing a perfect gaze and by telling different love trajectories (be they perfect or imperfect), Lost embodies two things simultaneously for its spectator. Through the motif of the eye, the series puts us in the contemplative place of Jacob as protector of the series; through the hand, it attempts to make us experience an anamnesis based on great affection and the love we feel for the series’ characters. In the end, the love that the characters feel for one another is also the love they feel for us and that we feel for them.

Este ensayo está dedicado a la reforma constitucional del 2011 de los derechos Humanos, enfocado en la educación y socialización de los mismo en México, considerando que es a través de la educación se fortalecen, concientizan y ciudadanizan los derechos humanos.

St. Nicholas was the bishop of Miri in Asia Minor. Many legends are connected to his person. He died on December 6th in 327. He was buried in Miri. Due to the Turkish conquest, his body was transferred to the Italian city of Bari, where his relics still lie today. He is considered a protector of children, sailors, girls, poor people, students, pharmacists, bakers, fishermen, prisoners, merchants, travelers, sick and dying people. The cult of St. Nicholas is largerly spread among orthodox believers. He is the protector of Russia. St. Nicholas festivity in catholic traditional heritage is characterized by: giving presents to the children, celebrations with procession, prayers, processions on the day of St. Nicholas – visitations of St. Nicholas dressed in bishop’s robe with a cane and a devil by his side with a basket, chains, rod etc., to reward those who behaved, and to punish those who misbehaved. In the honor of St. Nicholas many votive shrines were bulit by Croatian people. The custom of burning boats on St. Nicholas day is rooted in pagan rituals.

Background: This study was aimed to evaluate protective and therapeutic effects of a specific mixture, containing vitamin C, lysine, proline, epigallocatechin gallate and zinc, as well as alpha-1-antitrypsin protein on lung tumorigenesis induced by benzo(a) pyrene [B(a) P] in mice. Materials and Methods: Swiss albino mice were divided into two main experiments, experiment (1) the mice were injected with 100 mg/kg B(a)P and lasted for 28 weeks, while experiment (2) the mice were injected with 8 doses each of 50 mg/kg B(a)P and lasted for 16 weeks. Each experiment (1 and 2) divided into five groups, group (I) received vehicle, group (II) received the protector mixture, group (III) received the carcinogen B(a)P, group (IV) received the protector together with the carcinogen (simultaneously) and group (V) received the carcinogen then the protector (consecutively). Results: Total sialic acid, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, vascular epithelial growth factor, hydroxyproline levels, as well as elastase and gelatinase activities showed significant elevation in group (III) in the two experiments comparing to control group (P < 0.001). These biochemical alterations were associated with histopathological changes. Administration of the protector in group IV and group V causes significant decrease in such parameters with improvement in histopathological alterations with improvement in histopathological alterations when compared with group III in the two experiments (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The present protector mixture has the ability to suppress neoplastic alteration and restore the biochemical and histopathological parameters towards normal on lung carcinogenesis induced by benzo(a) pyrene in mice. Furthermore, the present mixture have more protective rather than therapeutic action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of royal jelly against gamma-radiation induced oxidative damage in liver and lung tissue after total body irradiation. The adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups of sixteen animals each; group 1: control group (C), group 2: only irradiated rats (IR), group 3: irradiated rats with royal jelly administration at 25 mg/kg/day (IR+RJ25), group 4: irradiated rats with royal jelly administration at 50 mg/kg/day (IR+RJ50), group 5: only royal jelly administration at 25 mg/kg/day (RJ25), group 6: only royal jelly administration at 50 mg/kg/day (RJ50). Royal jelly (RJ) was administered at a dose of 25 and 50-mg/kg body weight, by gavage for 10 days prior to irradiation and 10 days after irradiation. On the tenth day of study, radiotherapy was applied to the whole-body by single fraction at a dose of 6 Gy. Half of rats were sacrificed at 24 hours and 10 days after irradiation under ether anesthesia. Blood samples were collected and analysed for alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, triygliceride, total cholesterol and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase levels. The lung and liver samples were stored for the measurement of malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. Rats exposed to wholebody irradiation induced a marked liver failure, characterized with a significant increase in serum AST, ALT, cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, and also they had higher lung and liver MDA and lower GSH-Px, CAT and SOD (p<0.001). Administration of royal jelly resulted in a significant decreased in oxidative stress parameters and biochemical parameters, and certainly increased antioxidant activities. Furthermore, pre- and post-treatment with RJ was more effective than pre-treatment with RJ. These results suggest that royal jelly may probably protect the animals from radiation-induced liver and lung damage. The effects of royal jelly can result from its antioxidant properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Designed protector of pulse-jet cleaning filter bag for refraining from damages caused by airflow. It was shown that air spurt angles and intensity were different from each other from various jets in the simulated map of airflow station. Simulated calculation of airflow station and expecially studied the protector and raising height (L) of venturi. The results indicated that cleaning airflow was the primary airflow about 60%-70% which entered filter bag from outside of intubation by induction; Raising height (L) and inclined angle (α) of nozzle would cause bigger effect on induction airflow and height (H) of nozzle slight effect on induction airflow, the optimal raising height (L) was 40-55mm. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This article describes the automated visual inspection system for dimensional measurements of a mechanical assembly, called the protector, where an USB video camera with regular lens is used. A special user software was written. It uses a linear and a polynomial approximation for defining edges of selected protector structures. A higher order polynomial approximation is also used for pixel to metric units transformation. The accuracy, the repeatability and especially the usability of automated visual inspection system was verified with protectors, previously measured with the reference measurement method. The verification procedure showed that the measurement accuracy is in the range of ±0.02mm. The time necessary for frame capturing, image processing and displaying the measurement results is less than a second. The comparison measurements showed that this system can not be used as a replacement for the current measurement system of monitoring switch-off temperatures in a oven. However, the presented visual inspection system can be used as a dimensional measurement and control system in the company testing laboratory. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]