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214 results on '"Peter, M. E."'

1. Assessing affective modulation of intentional binding effect: A 2AFC Psychophysics experiment with emotional words

Author

Toro Hernandez, Felipe D, Gabiatti, Victor Nogueira Dias, Ramalho, Theresa Moraes, Cravo, Andre M., and Claessens, Peter M. E.

Subjects
Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroscience, Psychology, Action, Cognition of Time, Emotion, Semantics, Psychophysics
Abstract

Intentional binding (IB) is the experience of temporal interval compression between voluntary actions and subsequent events when the latter are perceived to be caused on purpose by the agent's actions. It can be measured experimentally by comparing the judgments of temporal intervals between either a voluntary act or an external event, and a later sensory consequence. Evidence suggests this might be modulated by the emotional valence of the consequence. However, controversies have arisen over the consistency of the results and the methodology they were obtained with. Here, we aimed to measure this affective modulation using a two-interval forced-choice (2AFC) discrimination task and word stimuli. Three factors were employed: agency (agency and passive), emotional valence (neutral, positive, and negative words), and interval duration ratio determined based on individual values of just noticeable differences (JND). Participants had to judge which of two intervals presented in each trial was shorter. Generalized linear mixed model analysis indicated that there was an effect of IB, but no affective modulation. Dissociation of component mechanisms of SoA are discussed to better understand results and suggest further directions.

Published
2024

2. Solubility of water in peridotite liquids and the prevalence of steam atmospheres on rocky planets

Author

Sossi, Paolo A., Tollan, Peter M. E., Badro, James, and Bower, Dan J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics - Geophysics
Abstract

Atmospheres are products of time-integrated mass exchange between the surface of a planet and its interior. On Earth and other planetary bodies, magma oceans likely marked significant atmosphere-forming events, during which both steam- and carbon-rich atmospheres may have been generated. However, the nature of Earth's early atmosphere, and those around other rocky planets, remains unclear for lack of constraints on the solubility of water in liquids of appropriate composition. Here we determine water solubility in 14 peridotite liquids, representative of Earth's mantle, synthesised in a laser-heated aerodynamic levitation furnace. We explore oxygen fugacities (fO$_2$) between -1.9 and +6.0 log units relative to the iron-w\"ustite buffer at constant temperature (2173$\pm$50 K) and total pressure (1 bar). The resulting fH$_2$O ranged from 0 to 0.027 bar and fH$_2$ from 0 to 0.064 bar. Total H$_2$O contents were determined by transmission FTIR spectroscopy from the absorption band at 3550cm$^{-1}$ and applying the Beer-Lambert law. The mole fraction of water in the liquid is $\propto$ (fH$_2$O)$^{0.5}$, attesting to its dissolution as OH. The data are fit by a solubility coefficient of 524$\pm$16 ppmw/bar$^{0.5}$, for a molar absorption coefficient, $\epsilon_{3550}$, of 6.3$\pm$0.3 m$^2$/mol in basaltic glasses or 647$\pm$25 ppmw/bar$^{0.5}$, with $\epsilon_{3550}$ = 5.1$\pm$0.3m$^2$/mol for peridotitic glasses. These solubility constants are 10-25 % lower than those for basaltic liquids at 1623 K and 1 bar. Higher temperature lowers water solubility, offsetting the greater depolymerisation of peridotite melts that would otherwise increase H$_2$O solubility relative to basaltic liquids. Because the solubility of water remains high relative to that of CO$_2$, steam atmospheres are rare, although they may form under oxidising conditions on telluric bodies, provided high H/C ratios prevail., Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables

Published
2022
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3. The role of time estimation in decreased impatience in Intertemporal Choice

Author

Claessens, Camila S. Agostino Peter M. E., Balci, Fuat, and Zana, Yossi

Subjects
Economics - Theoretical Economics
Abstract

The role of specific cognitive processes in deviations from constant discounting in intertemporal choice is not well understood. We evaluated decreased impatience in intertemporal choice tasks independent of discounting rate and non-linearity in long-scale time representation; nonlinear time representation was expected to explain inconsistencies in discounting rate. Participants performed temporal magnitude estimation and intertemporal choice tasks. Psychophysical functions for time intervals were estimated by fitting linear and power functions, while discounting functions were estimated by fitting exponential and hyperbolic functions. The temporal magnitude estimates of 65% of the participants were better fit with power functions (mostly compression). 63% of the participants had intertemporal choice patterns corresponding best to hyperbolic functions. Even when the perceptual bias in the temporal magnitude estimations was compensated in the discounting rate computation, the data of 8 out of 14 participants continued exhibiting temporal inconsistency. The results suggest that temporal inconsistency in discounting rate can be explained to different degrees by the bias in temporal representations. Non-linearity in temporal representation and discounting rate should be evaluated on an individual basis. Keywords: Intertemporal choice, temporal magnitude, model comparison, impatience, time inconsistency, Comment: 30 pages, 3 figures, 1 table

Published
2020

4. Oxygen isotope (δ18O, Δ′17O) insights into continental mantle evolution since the Archean

Author

Ilya N. Bindeman, Dmitri A. Ionov, Peter M. E. Tollan, and Alexander V. Golovin

Subjects
Science
Abstract

The 18 O/16 O ratio of the subcontinental mantle has decreased by 0.2‰, while crustal values increased by 4‰ via fluid transfer since the Archean due to the initiation of plate tectonics and subduction, in line with the crust-upper mantle mass balance

Published
2022
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6. Formation of amphibole lamellae in mantle pyroxene by fluid-mediated metasomatism: A focal plane array FTIR study from the Carpathian-Pannonian region

Author

Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Liptai, Norá, Lange, T. P., Patkó, Levente, Aradi, László Elöd, Berkesi, Márta, Tollan, Peter M. E., Padrón-Navarta, J. A., Hermann, Jörg, Gergely, S., Szabó, C., Kovacs, Istvan, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Liptai, Norá, Lange, T. P., Patkó, Levente, Aradi, László Elöd, Berkesi, Márta, Tollan, Peter M. E., Padrón-Navarta, J. A., Hermann, Jörg, Gergely, S., Szabó, C., and Kovacs, Istvan

Abstract

Amphiboles in the upper mantle (most frequently pargasitic in composition) have recently gained attention due to their role in the water budget and potential control on the rheology and physical discontinuity of layers of the mantle. Although nominally anhydrous minerals are often analyzed with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, amphiboles, especially in natural samples, are only rarely the focus of such studies because of their complex structure and variable composition. In mantle xenoliths, amphibole occurs not only interstitially or forming veins, but also as lamellae within orthopyroxene and/or clinopyroxene grains. The genesis of such lamellae is often ambiguous, as they could either be meta-somatic products, or form by exsolution without an external H2O source upon decreasing P-T conditions and consequent destabilization of hydrous point defects in the host pyroxene. To constrain the origin of amphibole lamellae in pyroxenes, we studied mantle xenoliths from the Carpathian-Pannonian region (CPR) by applying hyperspectral imaging using an FTIR equipped with focal plane array (FPA) detector. Amphibole lamellae are absent in xenoliths of the central part of the CPR, but appear in those from the marginal localities that represent a well-hydrated supra-subduction mantle environment. Some of the lamella-hosting pyroxene grains are in contact with interstitial amphibole, suggesting that the formation of the lamellae is related to the amphibole-producing metasomatism; however, others have no adjacent amphibole. To determine the origin of the amphibole lamellae in pyroxenes without neighboring amphibole, hyperspectral images were used to give an estimation of their volume proportion (0.8-5.1 vol%) in the pyroxenes. Using these volume proportions, we calculated that a bulk water content of ∼330-670 (orthopyroxene) and ∼740-1430 (clinopyroxene) wt. ppm is needed to be contained in the host grain to be able to facilitate subsolidus exsolution of the observed

Published
2024

7. The regulation of a pigmentation gene in the formation of complex color patterns in Drosophila abdomens.

Author

Komal K B Raja, Mujeeb O Shittu, Peter M E Nouhan, Tessa E Steenwinkel, Evan A Bachman, Prajakta P Kokate, Alexander McQueeney, Elizabeth A Mundell, Alexandri A Armentrout, Amber Nugent, and Thomas Werner

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Changes in the control of developmental gene expression patterns have been implicated in the evolution of animal morphology. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying complex morphological traits remain largely unknown. Here we investigated the molecular mechanisms that induce the pigmentation gene yellow in a complex color pattern on the abdomen of Drosophila guttifera. We show that at least five developmental genes may collectively activate one cis-regulatory module of yellow in distinct spot rows and a dark shade to assemble the complete abdominal pigment pattern of Drosophila guttifera. One of these genes, wingless, may play a conserved role in the early phase of spot pattern development in several species of the quinaria group. Our findings shed light on the evolution of complex animal color patterns through modular changes of gene expression patterns.

Published
2022
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8. The responses of the four main substitution mechanisms of H in olivine to H2O activity at 1050 °C and 3 GPa

Author

Peter M. E. Tollan, Rachel Smith, Hugh St.C. O’Neill, and Jörg Hermann

Subjects
Olivine, Nominally anhydrous minerals, Substitution mechanism, Point defect, Water in the mantle, Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

Abstract The water solubility in olivine C H 2 O $$ \left({C}_{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}}\right) $$ has been investigated at 1050 °C and 3 GPa as a function of water activity a H 2 O $$ \left({a}_{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}}\right) $$ at subsolidus conditions in the piston-cylinder apparatus, with a H 2 O $$ {a}_{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}} $$ varied using H2O–NaCl fluids. Four sets of experiments were conducted to constrain the effect of a H 2 O $$ {a}_{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}} $$ on the four main substitution mechanisms. The experiments were designed to grow olivine in situ and thus achieve global equilibrium (G-type), as opposed to hydroxylating olivine with a pre-existing point-defect structure and impurity content (M-type). Olivine grains from the experiments were analysed with polarised and unpolarised FTIR spectroscopy, and where necessary, the spectra have been deconvoluted to quantify the contribution of each substitution mechanism. Olivine buffered with magnesiowüstite produced absorbance bands at high wavenumbers ranging from 3566 to 3612 cm−1. About 50% of the total absorbance was found parallel to the a-axis, 30% parallel to the b-axis and 20% parallel to the c-axis. The total absorbance and hence water concentration in olivine follows the relationship of C H 2 O ∝ a H 2 O 2 $$ {C}_{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}}\propto {a_{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}}}^2 $$ , indicating that the investigated defect must involve four H atoms substituting for one Si atom (labelled as [Si]). Forsterite buffered with enstatite produced an absorbance band exclusively aligned parallel the c-axis at 3160 cm−1. The band position, polarisation and observed C H 2 O ∝ a H 2 O $$ {C}_{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}}\propto {a}_{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}} $$ are consistent with two H substituting for one Mg (labelled as [Mg]). Ti-doped, enstatite-buffered olivine displays absorption bands, and polarisation typical of Ti-clinohumite point defects where two H on the Si-site are charge-balanced by one Ti on a Mg-site (labelled as [Ti]). This is further supported by C H 2 O ∝ a H 2 O $$ {C}_{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}}\propto {a}_{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}} $$ and a 1:1 relationship of molar H2O and TiO2 in these experiments. Sc-doped, enstatite-buffered experiments display a main absorption band at 3355 cm−1 with C H 2 O ∝ a H 2 O 0.5 $$ {C}_{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}}\propto {a_{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}}}^{0.5} $$ and a positive correlation of Sc and H, indicating the coupled substitution of a trivalent cation plus a H for two Mg (labelled as [triv]). Our data demonstrate that extreme care has to be taken when inferences from experiments conducted at a H 2 O = 1 $$ {a}_{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}}=1 $$ are applied to the mantle, where in most cases, a low a H 2 O $$ {a}_{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}} $$ persists. In particular, the higher exponent of the [Si] substitution mechanism means that the contribution of this hydrous defect to total water content will decrease more rapidly with decreasing a H 2 O $$ {a}_{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}} $$ than the contributions of the other substitution mechanisms. The experiments confirm previous results that the [Mg] mechanism holds an almost negligible amount of water under nearly all T-P-fO2-fH2O conditions that may be anticipated in nature. However, the small amounts of H2O we find in substituting by this mechanism are similar in the experiments on forsterite doped with either Sc or Ti to those in the undoped forsterite at equivalent a H 2 O $$ {a}_{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}} $$ (all buffered by enstatite), confirming the assumption that, thermodynamically, C H 2 O $$ {C}_{{\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{O}} $$ substituting by each mechanism does not depend on the water concentration that substitutes by other mechanisms.

Published
2017
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9. Effect of Presentation Format on Judgment of Long-Range Time Intervals

Author

Camila Silveira Agostino, Yossi Zana, Fuat Balci, and Peter M. E. Claessens

Subjects
temporal estimation, numerical estimation, personal events, power functions, model comparison, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

Investigations in the temporal estimation domain are quite vast in the range of milliseconds, seconds, and minutes. This study aimed to determine the psychophysical function that best describes long-range time interval estimation and evaluate the effect of numerals in duration presentation on the form of this function. Participants indicated on a line the magnitude of time intervals presented either as a number + time-unit (e.g., “9 months”; Group I), unitless numerals (e.g., “9”; Group II), or tagged future personal events (e.g., “Wedding”; Group III). The horizontal line was labeled rightward (“Very short” = >“Very long”) or leftward (“Very long” = >“Very short”) for Group I and II, but only rightward for Group III. None of the linear, power, logistic or logarithmic functions provided the best fit to the individual participant data in more than 50% of participants for any group. Individual power exponents were different only between the tagged personal events (Group III) and the other two groups. When the same analysis was repeated for the aggregated data, power functions provided a better fit than other tested functions in all groups with a difference in the power function parameters again between the tagged personal events and the other groups. A non-linear mixed effects analysis indicated a difference in the power function exponent between Group III and the other groups, but not between Group I and II. No effect of scale directionality was found in neither of the experiments in which scale direction was included as independent variable. These results suggest that the judgment of intervals in a number + time-unit presentation invoke, at least in part, processing mechanisms other than those used for time-domain. Consequently, we propose the use of event-tagged assessment for characterizing long-range interval representation. We also recommend that analyses in this field should not be restricted to aggregated data given the qualitative variation between participants.

Published
2019
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11. Hydrogen diffusion mechanisms in quartz: insights from H–Li, 2H–H and 2H–H–Li exchange experiments

Author

Michael C. Jollands, Peter M. E. Tollan, Lukas P. Baumgartner, and Othmar Müntener

Subjects
quartz, diffusion, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, point defects, Geochemistry and Petrology
Abstract

The diffusivity and diffusion mechanisms of hydrogen together with with deuterium and lithium, parallel to the c axis of quartz, were investigated experimentally at 800°C, 0.1 GPa with the activity of H2O or 2H2O ≈ 1 [2H is used throughout this work to describe deuterium rather than D, to avoid confusion with the diffusion coefficient, D]. The pH was set using mixtures of H2O (or 2H2O) and HCl. Three types of experiment were conducted: (1) H-in/Li-out; (2) 2H-in/H-out; and (3) 2H-in/H + Li out, using three different natural quartz crystals as starting materials. Profiles of H, 2H and Li were measured using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). H, 2H and Li are charge-compensated by Al3+ replacing Si4+, or by excess O2–. The total atomic concentration of monovalent cations appears to remain constant over the duration of the experiments. The resulting diffusion profiles are different for the three experimental designs and three starting materials, and some show complex shapes inconsistent with simple diffusion. A multi-site diffusion–reaction model is developed, with the theory based on previous models that have been derived mainly on the basis of conductivity measurements. In these models, the monovalent cations move away from their charge-balancing ion then diffuse rapidly to another site. The mobility of the monovalent cations is described by both a diffusion coefficient and an equilibrium constant that enables dissociation of the immobile charge-balanced defects. This model can describe complex step-shaped profiles formed in H-in/Li-out experiments, profiles with local maxima ('humped’ profiles) in 2H-in/H + Li out experiments, and error function-shaped profiles in 2H-in/H-out and previously published Li-in/H-out experiments. Our data provide support for models previously proposed for quartz. Studies of the lengths and forms of diffusion profiles from such experiments provide a useful complement to assertions from conductivity experiments.

Published
2022
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13. The regulation of a pigmentation gene in the formation of complex color patterns in Drosophila abdomens

Author

Raja, Komal K. B., primary, Shittu, Mujeeb O., additional, Nouhan, Peter M. E., additional, Steenwinkel, Tessa E., additional, Bachman, Evan A., additional, Kokate, Prajakta P., additional, McQueeney, Alexander, additional, Mundell, Elizabeth A., additional, Armentrout, Alexandri A., additional, Nugent, Amber, additional, and Werner, Thomas, additional

Published
2022
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17. Oxygen isotope (δ

Author

Ilya N, Bindeman, Dmitri A, Ionov, Peter M E, Tollan, and Alexander V, Golovin

Abstract

Oxygen isotopic ratios are largely homogenous in the bulk of Earth's mantle but are strongly fractionated near the Earth's surface, thus these are robust indicators of recycling of surface materials to the mantle. Here we document a subtle but significant ~0.2‰ temporal decrease in δ

Published
2022

18. Hydrogen diffusion mechanisms in quartz: insights from H–Li, 2H–H and 2H–H–Li exchange experiments

Author

Jollands, Michael C., Tollan, Peter M. E., Baumgartner, Lukas P., and Müntener, Othmar

Subjects
quartz, diffusion, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, point defects
Abstract

The diffusivity and diffusion mechanisms of hydrogen together with with deuterium and lithium, parallel to the c axis of quartz, were investigated experimentally at 800 degrees C, 0.1 GPa with the activity of H2O or (H2O)-H-2 approximate to 1 [H-2 is used throughout this work to describe deuterium rather than D, to avoid confusion with the diffusion coefficient, D]. The pH was set using mixtures of H2O (or (H2O)-H-2) and HCl. Three types of experiment were conducted: (1) H-in/Li-out; (2) H-2-in/H-out; and (3) H-2-in/H + Li out, using three different natural quartz crystals as starting materials. Profiles of H, H-2 and Li were measured using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). H, H-2 and Li are charge-compensated by Al3+ replacing Si4+, or by excess O2-. The total atomic concentration of monovalent cations appears to remain constant over the duration of the experiments. The resulting diffusion profiles are different for the three experimental designs and three starting materials, and some show complex shapes inconsistent with simple diffusion. A multi-site diffusion-reaction model is developed, with the theory based on previous models that have been derived mainly on the basis of conductivity measurements. In these models, the monovalent cations move away from their charge-balancing ion then diffuse rapidly to another site. The mobility of the monovalent cations is described by both a diffusion coefficient and an equilibrium constant that enables dissociation of the immobile charge-balanced defects. This model can describe complex step-shaped profiles formed in H-in/Li-out experiments, profiles with local maxima ('humped' profiles) in H-2-in/H + Li out experiments, and error function-shaped profiles in H-2-in/H-out and previously published Li-in/H-out experiments. Our data provide support for models previously proposed for quartz. Studies of the lengths and forms of diffusion profiles from such experiments provide a useful complement to assertions from conductivity experiments., Mineralogical Magazine, 86 (1)

Published
2022
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23. Miocene basement exhumation in the Central Alps recorded by detrital garnet geochemistry in foreland basin deposits

Author

Laura Stutenbecker, Peter M. E. Tollan, Andrea Madella, and Pierre Lanari

Subjects
lcsh:Geology, lcsh:Stratigraphy, 550 Earth sciences & geology, lcsh:QE1-996.5, lcsh:QE640-699
Abstract

The Neogene evolution of the European Alps was characterized by the exhumation of crystalline basement, the so-called external crystalline massifs. Their exhumation presumably controlled the evolution of relief, distribution of drainage networks, and generation of sediment in the Central Alps. However, due to the absence of suitable proxies, the timing of their surficial exposure and thus the initiation of sediment supply from these areas are poorly constrained. The northern Alpine foreland basin preserves the Oligocene to Miocene sedimentary record of tectonic and climatic adjustments in the hinterland. This contribution analyses the provenance of 25 to 14 Myr old alluvial fan deposits by means of detrital garnet chemistry. Unusually grossular- and spessartine-rich garnet is found (1) to be a unique proxy for identifying detritus from the external crystalline massifs and (2) to occur abundantly in ca. 14 Myr old deposits of the foreland basin. In contrast to previous assumptions, we therefore propose that the external massifs were already exposed to the surface ca. 14 Myr ago.

Published
2019
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24. Miocene basement exhumation in the Central Alps recorded by detrital garnet geochemistry in foreland basin deposits

Author

Stutenbecker, Laura, Tollan, Peter M. E., Madella, Andrea, Lanari, Pierre, Stutenbecker, Laura, Tollan, Peter M. E., Madella, Andrea, and Lanari, Pierre

Abstract

The Neogene evolution of the European Alps was characterized by the exhumation of crystalline basement, the so-called external crystalline massifs. Their exhumation presumably controlled the evolution of relief, distribution of drainage networks, and generation of sediment in the Central Alps. However, due to the absence of suitable proxies, the timing of their surficial exposure and thus the initiation of sediment supply from these areas are poorly constrained. The northern Alpine foreland basin preserves the Oligocene to Miocene sedimentary record of tectonic and climatic adjustments in the hinterland. This contribution analyses the provenance of 25 to 14 Myr old alluvial fan deposits by means of detrital garnet chemistry. Unusually grossularand spessartine-rich garnet is found (1) to be a unique proxy for identifying detritus from the external crystalline massifs and (2) to occur abundantly in ca. 14 Myr old deposits of the foreland basin. In contrast to previous assumptions, we therefore propose that the external massifs were already exposed to the surface ca. 14 Myr ago.

Published
2019

25. Effect of presentation format on judgment of long-range time intervals

Author

Balcı, Fuat (ORCID 0000-0003-3390-9352 & YÖK ID 51269), Agostino, Camila Silveira; Zana, Yossi; Claessens, Peter M. E., College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Department of Psychology, Balcı, Fuat (ORCID 0000-0003-3390-9352 & YÖK ID 51269), Agostino, Camila Silveira; Zana, Yossi; Claessens, Peter M. E., College of Social Sciences and Humanities, and Department of Psychology

Abstract

Investigations in the temporal estimation domain are quite vast in the range of milliseconds, seconds, and minutes. This study aimed to determine the psychophysical function that best describes long-range time interval estimation and evaluate the effect of numerals in duration presentation on the form of this function. Participants indicated on a line the magnitude of time intervals presented either as a number + time-unit (e.g., "9 months"; Group I), unitless numerals (e.g., "9"; Group II), or tagged future personal events (e.g., "Wedding"; Group III). The horizontal line was labeled rightward ("Very short" = > "Very long") or leftward ("Very long" = > "Very short") for Group I and II, but only rightward for Group III. None of the linear, power, logistic or logarithmic functions provided the best fit to the individual participant data in more than 50% of participants for any group. Individual power exponents were different only between the tagged personal events (Group III) and the other two groups. When the same analysis was repeated for the aggregated data, power functions provided a better fit than other tested functions in all groups with a difference in the power function parameters again between the tagged personal events and the other groups. A non-linear mixed effects analysis indicated a difference in the power function exponent between Group III and the other groups, but not between Group I and II. No effect of scale directionality was found in neither of the experiments in which scale direction was included as independent variable. These results suggest that the judgment of intervals in a number + time-unit presentation invoke, at least in part, processing mechanisms other than those used for time-domain. Consequently, we propose the use of event-tagged assessment for characterizing long-range interval representation. We also recommend that analyses in this field should not be restricted to aggregated data given the qualitative variation between particip, Capes; International Graduate School ABINEP; Frontiers

Published
2019

28. Molecular mechanisms of cell death: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death 2018

Author

Galluzzi, Lorenzo, Vitale, Ilio, Aaronson, S. A., Abrams, J. M., Adam, Dieter, Agostinis, Patrizia, Alnemri, E. S., Altucci, Lucia, Amelio, Ivano, Andrews, D. W., Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli, Margherita, Antonov, A. V., Arama, Eli, Baehrecke, E. H., Barlev, N. A., Bazan, N. G., Bernassola, Francesca, Bertrand, M. J. M., Bianchi, Katiuscia, Blagosklonny, M. V., Blomgren, Kla, Borner, Christoph, Boya, Patricia, Brenner, Catherine, Campanella, Michelangelo, Candi, Eleonora, Carmona-Gutierrez, Didac, Cecconi, Francesco, Chan, F. K. -M., Chandel, N. S., Cheng, E. H., Chipuk, J. E., Cidlowski, J. A., Ciechanover, Aaron, Cohen, G. M., Conrad, Marcu, Cubillos-Ruiz, J. R., Czabotar, P. E., D’Angiolella, Vincenzo, Dawson, T. M., Dawson, V. L., de Laurenzi, Vincenzo, De Maria Marchiano, Ruggero, Debatin, Klaus-Michael, Deberardinis, R. J., Deshmukh, Mohanish, Di Daniele, Nicola, Di Virgilio, Francesco, Dixit, V. M., Dixon, S. J., Duckett, C. S., Dynlacht, B. D., El-Deiry, W. S., Elrod, J. W., Fimia, Gian Maria, Fulda, Simone, García-Sáez, A. J., Garg, A. D., Garrido, Carmen, Gavathiotis, Evripidi, Golstein, Pierre, Gottlieb, Eyal, Green, D. R., Greene, L. A., Gronemeyer, Hinrich, Gross, Atan, Hajnoczky, Gyorgy, Hardwick, J. M., Harris, I. S., Hengartner, M. O., Hetz, Claudio, Ichijo, Hidenori, Jäättelä, Marja, Joseph, Bertrand, Jost, P. J., Juin, P. P., Kaiser, W. J., Karin, Michael, Kaufmann, Thoma, Kepp, Oliver, Kimchi, Adi, Kitsis, R. N., Klionsky, D. J., Knight, R. A., Kumar, Sharad, Lee, S. W., Lemasters, J. J., Levine, Beth, Linkermann, Andrea, Lipton, S. A., Lockshin, R. A., López-Otín, Carlo, Lowe, S. W., Luedde, Tom, Lugli, Enrico, Macfarlane, Marion, Madeo, Frank, Malewicz, Michal, Malorni, Walter, Manic, Gwenola, Marine, Jean-Christophe, Martin, S. J., Martinou, Jean-Claude, Medema, Jan Paul, Mehlen, Patrick, Meier, Pascal, Melino, Sonia, Miao, E. A., Molkentin, J. D., Moll, U. M., Muñoz-Pinedo, Cristina, Nagata, Shigekazu, Nuñez, Gabriel, Oberst, Andrew, Oren, Moshe, Overholtzer, Michael, Pagano, Michele, Panaretakis, Theochari, Pasparakis, Manoli, Penninger, J. M., Pereira, D. M., Pervaiz, Shazib, Peter, M. E., Piacentini, Mauro, Pinton, Paolo, Prehn, J. H. M., Puthalakath, Hamsa, Rabinovich, G. A., Rehm, Marku, Rizzuto, Rosario, Rodrigues, C. M. P., Rubinsztein, D. C., Rudel, Thoma, Ryan, K. M., Sayan, Emre, Scorrano, Luca, Shao, Feng, Shi, Yufang, Silke, John, Simon, Hans-Uwe, Sistigu, Antonella, Stockwell, B. R., Strasser, Andrea, Szabadkai, Gyorgy, Tait, S. W. G., Tang, Daolin, Tavernarakis, Nektario, Thorburn, Andrew, Tsujimoto, Yoshihide, Turk, Bori, Vanden Berghe, Tom, Vandenabeele, Peter, Vander Heiden, M. G., Villunger, Andrea, Virgin, H. W., Vousden, K. H., Vucic, Domagoj, Wagner, E. F., Walczak, Henning, Wallach, David, Wang, Ying, Wells, J. A., Wood, Will, Yuan, Junying, Zakeri, Zahra, Zhivotovsky, Bori, Zitvogel, Laurence, Melino, Gerry, Kroemer, Guido, De Maria Marchiano, Ruggero (ORCID:0000-0003-2255-0583), Sistigu, Antonella (ORCID:0000-0002-2528-1238), Galluzzi, Lorenzo, Vitale, Ilio, Aaronson, S. A., Abrams, J. M., Adam, Dieter, Agostinis, Patrizia, Alnemri, E. S., Altucci, Lucia, Amelio, Ivano, Andrews, D. W., Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli, Margherita, Antonov, A. V., Arama, Eli, Baehrecke, E. H., Barlev, N. A., Bazan, N. G., Bernassola, Francesca, Bertrand, M. J. M., Bianchi, Katiuscia, Blagosklonny, M. V., Blomgren, Kla, Borner, Christoph, Boya, Patricia, Brenner, Catherine, Campanella, Michelangelo, Candi, Eleonora, Carmona-Gutierrez, Didac, Cecconi, Francesco, Chan, F. K. -M., Chandel, N. S., Cheng, E. H., Chipuk, J. E., Cidlowski, J. A., Ciechanover, Aaron, Cohen, G. M., Conrad, Marcu, Cubillos-Ruiz, J. R., Czabotar, P. E., D’Angiolella, Vincenzo, Dawson, T. M., Dawson, V. L., de Laurenzi, Vincenzo, De Maria Marchiano, Ruggero, Debatin, Klaus-Michael, Deberardinis, R. J., Deshmukh, Mohanish, Di Daniele, Nicola, Di Virgilio, Francesco, Dixit, V. M., Dixon, S. J., Duckett, C. S., Dynlacht, B. D., El-Deiry, W. S., Elrod, J. W., Fimia, Gian Maria, Fulda, Simone, García-Sáez, A. J., Garg, A. D., Garrido, Carmen, Gavathiotis, Evripidi, Golstein, Pierre, Gottlieb, Eyal, Green, D. R., Greene, L. A., Gronemeyer, Hinrich, Gross, Atan, Hajnoczky, Gyorgy, Hardwick, J. M., Harris, I. S., Hengartner, M. O., Hetz, Claudio, Ichijo, Hidenori, Jäättelä, Marja, Joseph, Bertrand, Jost, P. J., Juin, P. P., Kaiser, W. J., Karin, Michael, Kaufmann, Thoma, Kepp, Oliver, Kimchi, Adi, Kitsis, R. N., Klionsky, D. J., Knight, R. A., Kumar, Sharad, Lee, S. W., Lemasters, J. J., Levine, Beth, Linkermann, Andrea, Lipton, S. A., Lockshin, R. A., López-Otín, Carlo, Lowe, S. W., Luedde, Tom, Lugli, Enrico, Macfarlane, Marion, Madeo, Frank, Malewicz, Michal, Malorni, Walter, Manic, Gwenola, Marine, Jean-Christophe, Martin, S. J., Martinou, Jean-Claude, Medema, Jan Paul, Mehlen, Patrick, Meier, Pascal, Melino, Sonia, Miao, E. A., Molkentin, J. D., Moll, U. M., Muñoz-Pinedo, Cristina, Nagata, Shigekazu, Nuñez, Gabriel, Oberst, Andrew, Oren, Moshe, Overholtzer, Michael, Pagano, Michele, Panaretakis, Theochari, Pasparakis, Manoli, Penninger, J. M., Pereira, D. M., Pervaiz, Shazib, Peter, M. E., Piacentini, Mauro, Pinton, Paolo, Prehn, J. H. M., Puthalakath, Hamsa, Rabinovich, G. A., Rehm, Marku, Rizzuto, Rosario, Rodrigues, C. M. P., Rubinsztein, D. C., Rudel, Thoma, Ryan, K. M., Sayan, Emre, Scorrano, Luca, Shao, Feng, Shi, Yufang, Silke, John, Simon, Hans-Uwe, Sistigu, Antonella, Stockwell, B. R., Strasser, Andrea, Szabadkai, Gyorgy, Tait, S. W. G., Tang, Daolin, Tavernarakis, Nektario, Thorburn, Andrew, Tsujimoto, Yoshihide, Turk, Bori, Vanden Berghe, Tom, Vandenabeele, Peter, Vander Heiden, M. G., Villunger, Andrea, Virgin, H. W., Vousden, K. H., Vucic, Domagoj, Wagner, E. F., Walczak, Henning, Wallach, David, Wang, Ying, Wells, J. A., Wood, Will, Yuan, Junying, Zakeri, Zahra, Zhivotovsky, Bori, Zitvogel, Laurence, Melino, Gerry, Kroemer, Guido, De Maria Marchiano, Ruggero (ORCID:0000-0003-2255-0583), and Sistigu, Antonella (ORCID:0000-0002-2528-1238)

Abstract

Over the past decade, the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death (NCCD) has formulated guidelines for the definition and interpretation of cell death from morphological, biochemical, and functional perspectives. Since the field continues to expand and novel mechanisms that orchestrate multiple cell death pathways are unveiled, we propose an updated classification of cell death subroutines focusing on mechanistic and essential (as opposed to correlative and dispensable) aspects of the process. As we provide molecularly oriented definitions of terms including intrinsic apoptosis, extrinsic apoptosis, mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT)-driven necrosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, parthanatos, entotic cell death, NETotic cell death, lysosome-dependent cell death, autophagy-dependent cell death, immunogenic cell death, cellular senescence, and mitotic catastrophe, we discuss the utility of neologisms that refer to highly specialized instances of these processes. The mission of the NCCD is to provide a widely accepted nomenclature on cell death in support of the continued development of the field.

Published
2018

29. A common representation of time across visual and auditory modalities

Author

Barne, Louise C., Sato, João R., de Camargo, Raphael Y., Claessens, Peter M. E., Caetano, Marcelo S., and Cravo, André M.

Subjects
Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Multivariate statistics, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Visual perception, Adolescent, genetic structures, Cognitive Neuroscience, Speech recognition, Pattern analysis, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Electroencephalography, Stimulus (physiology), Audiology, Correlation, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Stimulus modality, medicine, Humans, Temporal information, Modalities, medicine.diagnostic_test, Brain, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Time perception, 030104 developmental biology, Multivariate Analysis, Time Perception, Auditory Perception, Visual Perception, Female, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Humans’ and non-human animals’ ability to process time on the scale of milliseconds and seconds is essential for adaptive behaviour. A central question of how brains keep track of time is how specific temporal information across different sensory modalities is. In the present study, we show that encoding of temporal intervals in auditory and visual modalities are qualitatively similar. Human participants were instructed to reproduce intervals in the range from 750 ms to 1500 ms marked by auditory or visual stimuli. Our behavioural results suggest that, although participants were more accurate in reproducing intervals marked by auditory stimuli, there was a strong correlation in performance between modalities. Using multivariate pattern analysis in scalp EEG, we show that activity during late periods of the intervals was similar within and between modalities. Critically, we show that a multivariate pattern classifier was able to accurately predict the elapsed interval, even when trained on an interval marked by a stimulus of a different sensory modality. Taken together, our results suggest that, while there are differences in the processing of intervals marked by auditory and visual stimuli, they also share a common neural representation.

Published
2017
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30. Transatlantic Security, Defence and Strategy: Badly Needed Reforms

Author

Peter M. E. Volten

Subjects
Politics, Social, business.industry, Political Science and International Relations, Sociology, Public administration, business, Security studies, Sosyal, Publication
Abstract

Professor Emeritus Peter Volten has been awarded Doctor Honoris Causa of the National University of Political Studies and Public Administration (May 2014) in recognition of his outstanding contribution to the field of European Security Studies. Leading author, director and editor, Prof. Volten has kindly accepted to publish his lectio prima as editorial essay in the current issue of Europolity.

Published
2014

31. Essential versus accessory aspects of cell death: Recommendations of the NCCD 2015

Author

Galluzzi, L., Bravo-San Pedro, J. M., Vitale, Ilio, Aaronson, S. A., Abrams, J. M., Adam, D., Alnemri, E. S., Altucci, L., Andrews, D., Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli, M., Baehrecke, E. H., Bazan, N. G., Bertrand, M. J., Bianchi, K., Blagosklonny, M. V., Blomgren, K., Borner, C., Bredesen, D. E., Brenner, C., Campanella, M., Candi, E., Cecconi, F., Chan, F. K., Chandel, N. S., Cheng, E. H., Chipuk, J. E., Cidlowski, J. A., Ciechanover, A., Dawson, T. M., Dawson, V. L., De Laurenzi, V., De Maria Marchiano, Ruggero, Debatin, K. -M., Di Daniele, N., Dixit, V. M., Dynlacht, B. D., El-Deiry, W. S., Fimia, G. M., Flavell, R. A., Fulda, S., Garrido, C., Gougeon, M. -L., Green, D. R., Gronemeyer, H., Hajnoczky, G., Hardwick, J. M., Hengartner, M. O., Ichijo, H., Joseph, B., Jost, P. J., Kaufmann, T., Kepp, O., Klionsky, D. J., Knight, R. A., Kumar, S., Lemasters, J. J., Levine, B., Linkermann, A., Lipton, S. A., Lockshin, R. A., López-Otín, C., Lugli, E., Madeo, F., Malorni, W., Marine, J. -C., Martin, S. J., Martinou, J. -C., Medema, Jan Paul, Meier, P., Melino, S., Mizushima, N., Moll, U., Muñoz-Pinedo, C., Nuñez, G., Oberst, A., Panaretakis, T., Penninger, J. M., Peter, M. E., Piacentini, M., Calzavara Pinton, Piergiacomo, Prehn, J. H., Puthalakath, H., Rabinovich, G. A., Ravichandran, K. S., Rizzuto, R., Rodrigues, C. M., Rubinsztein, D. C., Rudel, T., Shi, Y., Simon, H. -U., Stockwell, B. R., Szabadkai, G., Tait, S. W., Tang, H. L., Tavernarakis, N., Tsujimoto, Y., Vanden Berghe, T., Vandenabeele, P., Villunger, A., Wagner, E. F., Walczak, H., White, E., Wood, W. G., Yuan, J., Zakeri, Z., Zhivotovsky, B., Melino, G., Kroemer, G., Vitale, I., De Maria Marchiano, R. (ORCID:0000-0003-2255-0583), Medema, J. P., Calzavara Pinton, P., Galluzzi, L., Bravo-San Pedro, J. M., Vitale, Ilio, Aaronson, S. A., Abrams, J. M., Adam, D., Alnemri, E. S., Altucci, L., Andrews, D., Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli, M., Baehrecke, E. H., Bazan, N. G., Bertrand, M. J., Bianchi, K., Blagosklonny, M. V., Blomgren, K., Borner, C., Bredesen, D. E., Brenner, C., Campanella, M., Candi, E., Cecconi, F., Chan, F. K., Chandel, N. S., Cheng, E. H., Chipuk, J. E., Cidlowski, J. A., Ciechanover, A., Dawson, T. M., Dawson, V. L., De Laurenzi, V., De Maria Marchiano, Ruggero, Debatin, K. -M., Di Daniele, N., Dixit, V. M., Dynlacht, B. D., El-Deiry, W. S., Fimia, G. M., Flavell, R. A., Fulda, S., Garrido, C., Gougeon, M. -L., Green, D. R., Gronemeyer, H., Hajnoczky, G., Hardwick, J. M., Hengartner, M. O., Ichijo, H., Joseph, B., Jost, P. J., Kaufmann, T., Kepp, O., Klionsky, D. J., Knight, R. A., Kumar, S., Lemasters, J. J., Levine, B., Linkermann, A., Lipton, S. A., Lockshin, R. A., López-Otín, C., Lugli, E., Madeo, F., Malorni, W., Marine, J. -C., Martin, S. J., Martinou, J. -C., Medema, Jan Paul, Meier, P., Melino, S., Mizushima, N., Moll, U., Muñoz-Pinedo, C., Nuñez, G., Oberst, A., Panaretakis, T., Penninger, J. M., Peter, M. E., Piacentini, M., Calzavara Pinton, Piergiacomo, Prehn, J. H., Puthalakath, H., Rabinovich, G. A., Ravichandran, K. S., Rizzuto, R., Rodrigues, C. M., Rubinsztein, D. C., Rudel, T., Shi, Y., Simon, H. -U., Stockwell, B. R., Szabadkai, G., Tait, S. W., Tang, H. L., Tavernarakis, N., Tsujimoto, Y., Vanden Berghe, T., Vandenabeele, P., Villunger, A., Wagner, E. F., Walczak, H., White, E., Wood, W. G., Yuan, J., Zakeri, Z., Zhivotovsky, B., Melino, G., Kroemer, G., Vitale, I., De Maria Marchiano, R. (ORCID:0000-0003-2255-0583), Medema, J. P., and Calzavara Pinton, P.

Abstract

Cells exposed to extreme physicochemical or mechanical stimuli die in an uncontrollable manner, as a result of their immediate structural breakdown. Such an unavoidable variant of cellular demise is generally referred to as 'accidental cell death' (ACD). In most settings, however, cell death is initiated by a genetically encoded apparatus, correlating with the fact that its course can be altered by pharmacologic or genetic interventions. 'Regulated cell death' (RCD) can occur as part of physiologic programs or can be activated once adaptive responses to perturbations of the extracellular or intracellular microenvironment fail. The biochemical phenomena that accompany RCD may be harnessed to classify it into a few subtypes, which often (but not always) exhibit stereotyped morphologic features. Nonetheless, efficiently inhibiting the processes that are commonly thought to cause RCD, such as the activation of executioner caspases in the course of apoptosis, does not exert true cytoprotective effects in the mammalian system, but simply alters the kinetics of cellular demise as it shifts its morphologic and biochemical correlates. Conversely, bona fide cytoprotection can be achieved by inhibiting the transduction of lethal signals in the early phases of the process, when adaptive responses are still operational. Thus, the mechanisms that truly execute RCD may be less understood, less inhibitable and perhaps more homogeneous than previously thought. Here, the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death formulates a set of recommendations to help scientists and researchers to discriminate between essential and accessory aspects of cell death.

Published
2015

36. Advances in apoptosis research

Author

Peter, M E, Heufelder, A E, Hengartner, M O, University of Zurich, and Peter, M E

Subjects
1000 Multidisciplinary, 570 Life sciences, biology, 10124 Institute of Molecular Life Sciences
Published
1997
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37. Essential versus accessory aspects of cell death: recommendations of the NCCD 2015

Author

Galluzzi, L, primary, Bravo-San Pedro, J M, additional, Vitale, I, additional, Aaronson, S A, additional, Abrams, J M, additional, Adam, D, additional, Alnemri, E S, additional, Altucci, L, additional, Andrews, D, additional, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli, M, additional, Baehrecke, E H, additional, Bazan, N G, additional, Bertrand, M J, additional, Bianchi, K, additional, Blagosklonny, M V, additional, Blomgren, K, additional, Borner, C, additional, Bredesen, D E, additional, Brenner, C, additional, Campanella, M, additional, Candi, E, additional, Cecconi, F, additional, Chan, F K, additional, Chandel, N S, additional, Cheng, E H, additional, Chipuk, J E, additional, Cidlowski, J A, additional, Ciechanover, A, additional, Dawson, T M, additional, Dawson, V L, additional, De Laurenzi, V, additional, De Maria, R, additional, Debatin, K-M, additional, Di Daniele, N, additional, Dixit, V M, additional, Dynlacht, B D, additional, El-Deiry, W S, additional, Fimia, G M, additional, Flavell, R A, additional, Fulda, S, additional, Garrido, C, additional, Gougeon, M-L, additional, Green, D R, additional, Gronemeyer, H, additional, Hajnoczky, G, additional, Hardwick, J M, additional, Hengartner, M O, additional, Ichijo, H, additional, Joseph, B, additional, Jost, P J, additional, Kaufmann, T, additional, Kepp, O, additional, Klionsky, D J, additional, Knight, R A, additional, Kumar, S, additional, Lemasters, J J, additional, Levine, B, additional, Linkermann, A, additional, Lipton, S A, additional, Lockshin, R A, additional, López-Otín, C, additional, Lugli, E, additional, Madeo, F, additional, Malorni, W, additional, Marine, J-C, additional, Martin, S J, additional, Martinou, J-C, additional, Medema, J P, additional, Meier, P, additional, Melino, S, additional, Mizushima, N, additional, Moll, U, additional, Muñoz-Pinedo, C, additional, Nuñez, G, additional, Oberst, A, additional, Panaretakis, T, additional, Penninger, J M, additional, Peter, M E, additional, Piacentini, M, additional, Pinton, P, additional, Prehn, J H, additional, Puthalakath, H, additional, Rabinovich, G A, additional, Ravichandran, K S, additional, Rizzuto, R, additional, Rodrigues, C M, additional, Rubinsztein, D C, additional, Rudel, T, additional, Shi, Y, additional, Simon, H-U, additional, Stockwell, B R, additional, Szabadkai, G, additional, Tait, S W, additional, Tang, H L, additional, Tavernarakis, N, additional, Tsujimoto, Y, additional, Vanden Berghe, T, additional, Vandenabeele, P, additional, Villunger, A, additional, Wagner, E F, additional, Walczak, H, additional, White, E, additional, Wood, W G, additional, Yuan, J, additional, Zakeri, Z, additional, Zhivotovsky, B, additional, Melino, G, additional, and Kroemer, G, additional

Published
2014
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38. Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring cell death in higher eukaryotes

Author

Galluzzi, L., Aaronson, S. A., Abrams, J., Alnemri, E. S., Andrews, D. W., Baehrecke, E. H., Bazan, N. G., Blagosklonny, M. V., Blomgren, K., Borner, C., Bredesen, D. E., Brenner, C., Castedo, M., Cidlowski, J. A., Ciechanover, A., Cohen, G. M., De Laurenzi, V., De Maria Marchiano, Ruggero, Deshmukh, M., Dynlacht, B. D., El-Deiry, W. S., Flavell, R. A., Fulda, S., Garrido, C., Golstein, P., Gougeon, M. -L., Green, D. R., Gronemeyer, H., Hajnóczky, G., Hardwick, J. M., Hengartner, M. O., Ichijo, H., Jäättelä, M., Kepp, O., Kimchi, A., Klionsky, D. J., Knight, R. A., Kornbluth, S., Kumar, S., Levine, B., Lipton, S. A., Lugli, E., Madeo, F., Malorni, W., Marine, J. -C. W., Martin, S. J., Medema, Jan Paul, Mehlen, P., Melino, G., Moll, U. M., Morselli, E., Nagata, S., Nicholson, D. W., Nicotera, P., Nuñez, G., Oren, M., Penninger, J., Pervaiz, S., Peter, M. E., Piacentini, M., Prehn, J. H. M., Puthalakath, H., Rabinovich, G. A., Rizzuto, R., Rodrigues, C. M. P., Rubinsztein, D. C., Rudel, T., Scorrano, L., Simon, H. -U., Steller, H., Tschopp, J., Tsujimoto, Y., Vandenabeele, P., Vitale, Ilio, Vousden, K. H., Youle, R. J., Yuan, J., Zhivotovsky, B., Kroemer, G., De Maria Marchiano, R. (ORCID:0000-0003-2255-0583), Medema, J. P., Vitale, I., Galluzzi, L., Aaronson, S. A., Abrams, J., Alnemri, E. S., Andrews, D. W., Baehrecke, E. H., Bazan, N. G., Blagosklonny, M. V., Blomgren, K., Borner, C., Bredesen, D. E., Brenner, C., Castedo, M., Cidlowski, J. A., Ciechanover, A., Cohen, G. M., De Laurenzi, V., De Maria Marchiano, Ruggero, Deshmukh, M., Dynlacht, B. D., El-Deiry, W. S., Flavell, R. A., Fulda, S., Garrido, C., Golstein, P., Gougeon, M. -L., Green, D. R., Gronemeyer, H., Hajnóczky, G., Hardwick, J. M., Hengartner, M. O., Ichijo, H., Jäättelä, M., Kepp, O., Kimchi, A., Klionsky, D. J., Knight, R. A., Kornbluth, S., Kumar, S., Levine, B., Lipton, S. A., Lugli, E., Madeo, F., Malorni, W., Marine, J. -C. W., Martin, S. J., Medema, Jan Paul, Mehlen, P., Melino, G., Moll, U. M., Morselli, E., Nagata, S., Nicholson, D. W., Nicotera, P., Nuñez, G., Oren, M., Penninger, J., Pervaiz, S., Peter, M. E., Piacentini, M., Prehn, J. H. M., Puthalakath, H., Rabinovich, G. A., Rizzuto, R., Rodrigues, C. M. P., Rubinsztein, D. C., Rudel, T., Scorrano, L., Simon, H. -U., Steller, H., Tschopp, J., Tsujimoto, Y., Vandenabeele, P., Vitale, Ilio, Vousden, K. H., Youle, R. J., Yuan, J., Zhivotovsky, B., Kroemer, G., De Maria Marchiano, R. (ORCID:0000-0003-2255-0583), Medema, J. P., and Vitale, I.

Abstract

Cell death is essential for a plethora of physiological processes, and its deregulation characterizes numerous human diseases. Thus, the in-depth investigation of cell death and its mechanisms constitutes a formidable challenge for fundamental and applied biomedical research, and has tremendous implications for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. It is, therefore, of utmost importance to standardize the experimental procedures that identify dying and dead cells in cell cultures and/or in tissues, from model organisms and/or humans, in healthy and/or pathological scenarios. Thus far, dozens of methods have been proposed to quantify cell death-related parameters. However, no guidelines exist regarding their use and interpretation, and nobody has thoroughly annotated the experimental settings for which each of these techniques is most appropriate. Here, we provide a nonexhaustive comparison of methods to detect cell death with apoptotic or nonapoptotic morphologies, their advantages and pitfalls. These guidelines are intended for investigators who study cell death, as well as for reviewers who need to constructively critique scientific reports that deal with cellular demise. Given the difficulties in determining the exact number of cells that have passed the point-of-no-return of the signaling cascades leading to cell death, we emphasize the importance of performing multiple, methodologically unrelated assays to quantify dying and dead cells.

Published
2009

40. Molecular definitions of cell death subroutines: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death 2012

Author

Galluzzi, L, primary, Vitale, I, additional, Abrams, J M, additional, Alnemri, E S, additional, Baehrecke, E H, additional, Blagosklonny, M V, additional, Dawson, T M, additional, Dawson, V L, additional, El-Deiry, W S, additional, Fulda, S, additional, Gottlieb, E, additional, Green, D R, additional, Hengartner, M O, additional, Kepp, O, additional, Knight, R A, additional, Kumar, S, additional, Lipton, S A, additional, Lu, X, additional, Madeo, F, additional, Malorni, W, additional, Mehlen, P, additional, Nuñez, G, additional, Peter, M E, additional, Piacentini, M, additional, Rubinsztein, D C, additional, Shi, Y, additional, Simon, H-U, additional, Vandenabeele, P, additional, White, E, additional, Yuan, J, additional, Zhivotovsky, B, additional, Melino, G, additional, and Kroemer, G, additional

Published
2011
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42. Low-GDP peritoneal dialysis fluid ('balance') has less impact in vitro and ex vivo on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of mesothelial cells than a standard fluid

Author

Bajo, M. A., primary, Perez-Lozano, M. L., additional, Albar-Vizcaino, P., additional, del Peso, G., additional, Castro, M.-J., additional, Gonzalez-Mateo, G., additional, Fernandez-Perpen, A., additional, Aguilera, A., additional, Sanchez-Villanueva, R., additional, Sanchez-Tomero, J. A., additional, Lopez-Cabrera, M., additional, Peter, M. E., additional, Passlick-Deetjen, J., additional, and Selgas, R., additional

Published
2010
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43. Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring cell death in higher eukaryotes

Author

Galluzzi, L, primary, Aaronson, S A, additional, Abrams, J, additional, Alnemri, E S, additional, Andrews, D W, additional, Baehrecke, E H, additional, Bazan, N G, additional, Blagosklonny, M V, additional, Blomgren, K, additional, Borner, C, additional, Bredesen, D E, additional, Brenner, C, additional, Castedo, M, additional, Cidlowski, J A, additional, Ciechanover, A, additional, Cohen, G M, additional, De Laurenzi, V, additional, De Maria, R, additional, Deshmukh, M, additional, Dynlacht, B D, additional, El-Deiry, W S, additional, Flavell, R A, additional, Fulda, S, additional, Garrido, C, additional, Golstein, P, additional, Gougeon, M-L, additional, Green, D R, additional, Gronemeyer, H, additional, Hajnóczky, G, additional, Hardwick, J M, additional, Hengartner, M O, additional, Ichijo, H, additional, Jäättelä, M, additional, Kepp, O, additional, Kimchi, A, additional, Klionsky, D J, additional, Knight, R A, additional, Kornbluth, S, additional, Kumar, S, additional, Levine, B, additional, Lipton, S A, additional, Lugli, E, additional, Madeo, F, additional, Malorni, W, additional, Marine, J-CW, additional, Martin, S J, additional, Medema, J P, additional, Mehlen, P, additional, Melino, G, additional, Moll, U M, additional, Morselli, E, additional, Nagata, S, additional, Nicholson, D W, additional, Nicotera, P, additional, Nuñez, G, additional, Oren, M, additional, Penninger, J, additional, Pervaiz, S, additional, Peter, M E, additional, Piacentini, M, additional, Prehn, J H M, additional, Puthalakath, H, additional, Rabinovich, G A, additional, Rizzuto, R, additional, Rodrigues, C M P, additional, Rubinsztein, D C, additional, Rudel, T, additional, Scorrano, L, additional, Simon, H-U, additional, Steller, H, additional, Tschopp, J, additional, Tsujimoto, Y, additional, Vandenabeele, P, additional, Vitale, I, additional, Vousden, K H, additional, Youle, R J, additional, Yuan, J, additional, Zhivotovsky, B, additional, and Kroemer, G, additional

Published
2009
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45. Classification of cell death: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death 2009

Author

Kroemer, G, primary, Galluzzi, L, additional, Vandenabeele, P, additional, Abrams, J, additional, Alnemri, E S, additional, Baehrecke, E H, additional, Blagosklonny, M V, additional, El-Deiry, W S, additional, Golstein, P, additional, Green, D R, additional, Hengartner, M, additional, Knight, R A, additional, Kumar, S, additional, Lipton, S A, additional, Malorni, W, additional, Nuñez, G, additional, Peter, M E, additional, Tschopp, J, additional, Yuan, J, additional, Piacentini, M, additional, Zhivotovsky, B, additional, and Melino, G, additional

Published
2008
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46. Expression of c-FLIP(L) and resistance to CD95-mediated apoptosis of monocyte-derived dendritic cells: inhibition by bisindolylmaleimide.

Author

Willems, Fabienne, Amraoui, Z, Vanderheyde, N, Verhasselt, Valérie, Aksoy, Ezra, Scaffidi, C., Peter, M E, Krammer, P., Goldman, Michel, Willems, Fabienne, Amraoui, Z, Vanderheyde, N, Verhasselt, Valérie, Aksoy, Ezra, Scaffidi, C., Peter, M E, Krammer, P., and Goldman, Michel

Abstract

To gain insight into the mechanisms controlling apoptosis of dendritic cells (DC), human monocyte-derived DC were analyzed for their expression of CD95 (Fas/Apo-1) and their response to CD95 ligation. Although DC expressed the CD95 molecule on their membrane, they did not undergo apoptosis on CD95 ligation unless sensitized by cycloheximide. In parallel, DC synthesized c-FLIP(L), an inhibitor of the CD95-mediated death-signaling cascade. We also demonstrated that bisindolylmaleimide down-regulates c-FLIP(L) expression in DC and, in parallel, allows CD95-mediated apoptosis in these cells. In contrast, Bcl-2, Bcl-x(L), and Bax levels were not affected by bisindolylmaleimide. We conclude that DC resist CD95- mediated apoptosis in association with c-FLIP(L) expression and that the immunosuppressive potential of bisindolylmaleimide previously observed at the T-cell level also involves facilitation of CD95-mediated DC apoptosis., Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2000

49. Apoptosis signaling by death receptors

Author

Schulze-Osthoff, Klaus, Ferrari, D., Los, Marek Jan, Wesselborg, Sebastian, Peter, M. E., Schulze-Osthoff, Klaus, Ferrari, D., Los, Marek Jan, Wesselborg, Sebastian, and Peter, M. E.

Abstract

Death receptors have been recently identified as a subgroup of the TNF-receptor superfamily with a predominant function in induction of apoptosis. The receptors are characterized by an intracellular region, called the death domain, which is required for the transmission of the cytotoxic signal. Currently, five different such death receptors are known including tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-1, CD95 (Fas/APO-1), TNF-receptor-related apoptosis-mediated protein (TRAMP) and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor-1 and -2. The signaling pathways by which these receptors induce apoptosis are rather similar. Ligand binding induces receptor oligomerization, followed by the recruitment of an adaptor protein to the death domain through homophilic interaction. The adaptor protein then binds a proximal caspase, thereby connecting receptor signaling to the apoptotic effector machinery. In addition, further pathways have been linked to death receptor-mediated apoptosis, such as sphingomyelinases, JNK kinases and oxidative stress. These pro-apoptotic signals are counteracted by several mechanisms which inhibit apoptosis at different levels. This review summarizes the current and rapidly expanding knowledge about the biological functions of death receptors and the mechanisms to trigger or to counteract cell death.

Published
1998
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