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3. Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate on growth performance, immunity function, and intestinal health in broilers

Author

Jing Lin, Marcello Comi, Perricone Vera, Agazzi Alessandro, Kai Qiu, Jing Wang, Shu-geng Wu, Guang-hai Qi, and Hai-jun Zhang

Subjects
Saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate, growth performance, microbiota, broilers, Animal culture, SF1-1100
Abstract

ABSTRACT: The current study was performed to explore the effects of dietary supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae hydrolysate (SCH) on growth performance, immune function, and intestinal health in broiler chicken. A total of 300 Ross 308 male broilers (1-day-old) were randomly assigned to 2 dietary treatments including a basal diet (control group), and a basal diet supplemented with SCH feed additive (500 mg/kg in starter and grower phase, and 250 mg/kg in finisher phase). Each treatment had 6 replicates with 25 birds each. The results showed that the addition of SCH promoted growth during d 15 to 28 (P < 0.05). Although the addition of SCH had no significant effect on the intestinal relative indexes, it significantly increased the jejunum villus height (VH) and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (VCR) of jejunum, and decreased the crypt depth (CD) of ileum (P < 0.05). Furthermore, SCH addition significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of immunomodulatory genes (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), and upregulated the tight junction genes (ZO-1 and Claudin-1) (P < 0.05). High throughput sequencing analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA revealed that dietary SCH supplementation altered cecum microbiota. Alpha diversity analysis showed that a higher bacterial richness in cecum of broilers fed with SCH. The composition of cecum microbiota regulated by SCH addition was characterized by an increased abundance of Firmicutes and a reduced abundance of Bacteroidetes. At the genus level, dietary SCH resulted in a decrease of Bacteroides and an increase of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) -producing bacteria including Lactobacillus and Faecalibacterium. Taken together, dietary SCH supplementation can stimulate the growth of broilers by regulating the intestinal immunity and barrier function, and improving the intestinal morphology, which may be related to the enhancement of bacterial diversity and the changes of intestinal microbial composition.

Published
2023
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4. Dietary strategies can increase cloacal endotoxin levels and modulate the resident microbiota in broiler chickens

Author

IRAS OH Epidemiology Microbial Agents, IRAS – One Health Microbial, Perricone, Vera, Schokker, Dirkjan, Bossers, Alex, de Bruijn, Anne, Kar, Soumya K, Te Pas, Marinus F W, Rebel, Johanna M J, Wouters, Inge M, de Jong, Ingrid C, IRAS OH Epidemiology Microbial Agents, IRAS – One Health Microbial, Perricone, Vera, Schokker, Dirkjan, Bossers, Alex, de Bruijn, Anne, Kar, Soumya K, Te Pas, Marinus F W, Rebel, Johanna M J, Wouters, Inge M, and de Jong, Ingrid C

Published
2024

9. Dietary Mannan Oligosaccharides Modulate Gut Inflammatory Response and Improve Duodenal Villi Height in Post-Weaning Piglets Improving Feed Efficiency

Author

Agazzi, Alessandro, Perricone, Vera, Zorini, Fabio Omodei, Sandrini, Silvia, Mariani, Elena, Jiang, Xian-Ren, Ferrari, Alessandra, Crestani, Maurizio, Nguyen, Thi Xuan, Bontempo, Valentino, Domeneghini, Cinzia, and Savoini, Giovanni

Subjects
fluids and secretions, mannan oligosaccharides, lcsh:Veterinary medicine, lcsh:Zoology, gene expression, lcsh:SF600-1100, lcsh:QL1-991, intestinal morphology, gut health, faecal microbiota, Article, post-weaning piglets
Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) on gut health and performance in post-weaning piglets. In total, 40 piglets were divided into two experimental groups and fed a basal diet with (TRT) or without (CON) 0.2% mannan oligosaccharides for 35 days. Growth performance was determined weekly and faecal microbial composition on days 0, 14 and 35. On day 36, histometrical evaluations were performed on duodenal, jejunal, ileal, and colon samples. mRNA gene expression of inflammation-related genes was evaluated in samples of ileal Peyer&rsquo, s patches (IPP). MOS administration improved feed efficiency in the last two weeks of the trial (p &lt, 0.05), and a decreased clostridia content was found in faeces at day 14 (p = 0.05). TRT piglets showed increased duodenal villi height (p &lt, 0.05), and reduced mRNA levels of Tumour Necrosis Factor &alpha, (p &lt, 0.05) and Toll-Like Receptor 4 (p &lt, 0.01) in IPP. Our results suggest beneficial effects of MOS supplementation on gut morphology and the expression of inflammation-related genes in post-weaning piglets, accompanied by increased feed efficiency.

Published
2020

10. Green Tea and Pomegranate Extract Administered During Critical Moments of the Production Cycle Improves Blood Antiradical Activity and Alters Cecal Microbial Ecology of Broiler Chickens

Author

Perricone, Vera, Comi, Marcello, Giromini, Carlotta, Rebucci, Raffaella, Agazzi, Alessandro, Savoini, Giovanni, and Bontempo, Valentino

Subjects
pomegranate, lcsh:Veterinary medicine, antiradical activity, green tea, lcsh:Zoology, drinking water, lcsh:SF600-1100, lcsh:QL1-991, phytobiotics, cecal microbiota, Article, broiler chickens
Abstract

Phytobiotics are usually tested in feed and throughout the production cycle. However, it could be beneficial to evaluate their effects when administered only during critical moments, such as changes in feeding phases. The aim of the trial was to investigate the effect of a commercial plant extract (PE, IQV-10-P01, InQpharm Animal Health, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia) on growth performance, blood antiradical activity and cecal microbiome when administered in drinking water to broiler chickens during the post-hatching phase and at each change of diet. In the experiment, 480 1-day-old male broiler chicks were assigned to two groups in a 50-day trial. Broilers received drinking water (C) or drinking water plus PE (T) at a rate of 2 mL/L on days 0 to 4, 10&ndash, 11 and 20&ndash, 21. PE did not affect performance and water intake, while total antiradical activity was improved (p &lt, 0.05). A greater abundance of lactic acid bacteria (false discovery rate (FDR) &lt, 0.05) was found in the T group and the result was confirmed at a lower taxonomic level with higher Lactobacillaceae abundance (FDR &lt, 0.05). Our findings suggest that PE administration during critical moments of the production cycle of broiler chickens may exert beneficial effects at a systemic level and on gut microbial ecology.

Published
2020

12. Effects of nucleotides administration on growth performance and immune response of post-weaning piglets

Author

Perricone, Vera, Comi, Marcello, Bontempo, Valentino, Lecchi, Cristina, Ceciliani, Fabrizio, Crestani, Maurizio, Ferrari, Alessandra, Savoini, Giovanni, Agazzi, Alessandro, Perricone, Vera, Comi, Marcello, Bontempo, Valentino, Lecchi, Cristina, Ceciliani, Fabrizio, Crestani, Maurizio, Ferrari, Alessandra, Savoini, Giovanni, and Agazzi, Alessandro

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of nucleotides administration on growth performance and immune response in post-weaning piglets. Twenty-eight male weaned piglets, homogeneous for age and weight were randomly allocated to two experimental treatments. Treated group (T) was daily orally administered 0.8 g/head of a mixture of nucleotides suspended in 2.1 mL water solution; while control group (C) received 2.1 mL saline solution. Body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) were individually recorded weekly, while feed intake (FI), and gain:feed (G:F) were recorded and calculated on pen basis. Faecal score was evaluated every seven days. On day 0, 9, 18 and 27 blood samples were collected to determine IgA, IgG and haptoglobin concentration. At day 28 all piglets were sacrificed, and tissue samples of ileal Peyer’s patches were collected for the evaluation of IL1α, IL1β, IL6, IL10, TNFα, TLR2, TLR4 and PPARγ gene expression. Nucleotides supplementation significantly increased BW (17.37 vs. 19.00 kg/pig; p = <.01), ADG (.351 vs.400 kg/d; p <.01), and FI (3.96 vs. 4.39 kg/d; p <.01), but not G:F (.61 vs.64; p =.29). Faecal consistency was not different between the experimental groups and no occurrence of diarrhoea was reported. IgA and IgG content in blood was not influenced by the treatment, as well as gene expression of inflammatory cytokines in Peyer’s patches. The present trial shows that nucleotide administration is able to improve growth performance of post-weaning piglets, with no effects on inflammatory response and the expression of immune-related genes. Highlights Nucleotides administration increased BW, ADG and FI. Nucleotides did not affect inflammatory and immune response.

Published
2020

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